北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Success知识·技能·考试词 句 重难点 课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
Unit 2
Success
知识·技能·考试
戳考点本单元高频考点：
1. fortune 2. appreciate 3. devote 4. limit 5. convince
6. apply 7. average 8. 动词的-ing形式作宾语 9. 冠词
1. fortune
（1）fortune在语法填空中的考法涉及：考查词性转换，常考查其副词fortunately及fortunately的反义词unfortunately。
例1 [湖北新高考联考协作体2022期末] There were so many challenges and cultural norms I had to
adapt to, and I needed to learn how to behave in new surroundings and cooperate with people from
different cultural backgrounds. ___________ （fortunate）, everyone I met there was understanding and
welcoming.
Fortunately
[解析] 设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词；由语境可知，此处表示“幸运的是”；设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Fortunately。
例2 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编] _____________ （fortunately）, it took the explorers and the settlers
who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl （水
禽） were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.
Unfortunately
[解析] 根据语境可知，随之而来的探险者和定居者只用了短短几十年就破坏了大部分资源，数百万水禽在狩猎者和极具野心的户外运动爱好者手中丧生，故设空处应用副词unfortunately，修饰整个句子，表示“可惜的是；不幸的是”。设空处位于句首，unfortunately的首字母要大写。
（2）fortune在完形填空中常考查对其词义的把握以及固定搭配make a fortune。
例3 Whatever money was left over would be his to keep. Gene was thrilled, thinking he would make a
___.
C
A.deal B.contribution C.fortune D.choice
[解析] 句意为：剩余的钱都归吉恩所有。吉恩想到自己将发财，感到十分激动。make a fortune为固定搭配，意为“发财”。
2. appreciate
（1）appreciate在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查其固定句式I'd appreciate it if…,意为“假如……，我将不胜感激”;②考查其被动语态；③考查词性转换，其名词形式为appreciation。
例1 I'd appreciate ___ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
it
例2 [浙江2022年6月] To understand a painting, we're taught to look for color, composition, and light.
But how can a painting ______________ （appreciate） by someone who's blind
be appreciated
例3 [山东烟台、德州2022模拟] With a history of thousands of years, Chinese painting, originally
pursued by wealthy people, developed during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Then it became popular around
581 AD as more and more people began to show ____________ （appreciate） of its beauty.
appreciation
（2）appreciate在完形填空中常考查对其词义的把握，appreciate意为“欣赏；重视；感激；理解”。
例4 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021] This was the sort of work that made you ___ the dollars you earned and
respect those who did the work, he told me.
D
A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate
[解析] 句意为：他告诉我，这种工作能够让你重视你所挣到的钱并且尊重那些从事此类工作的人。此处appreciate意为“重视”。
例5 [天津2020年5月] I had needed someone else to show me what I ___ in my dad. It wasn't the fact
that he'd won; it was more than that.
D
A.recommended B.tolerated C.doubted D.appreciated
[解析] 根据设空处后的It wasn't the fact that he'd won; it was more than that. 并结合选项可知，此处表示作者需要别人向其展示自己所欣赏的父亲身上的品质。recommend意为“推荐；建议”；tolerate意为“容忍”；doubt意为“怀疑”；appreciate意为“欣赏；赏识”，D项符合语境，故选D项。
3. devote
（1）devote在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，其名词为devotion，其形容词为devoted；②考查短语devote to，意为“致力于；投身于”，其中to为介词。
例1 Leslie Nielsen's _________ （devote） to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
devotion
[解析] 设空处前有名词所有格修饰，且在句中作主语，应用名词。
例2 China is ________ （devote） to building the space station into a state-level space lab that supports
scientific experiments and technological applications.
devoted
[解析] 句意为：中国致力于将空间站建设成为支持科学实验和技术应用的国家级空间实验室。be devoted to… 为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。
例3 [江西宜春2022期末·改编] Over the past four decades, Zhi has devoted herself ___ rural education.
to
例4 [河北保定2022期末] Actually, the space technology is not only the search for knowledge but also a
mirror of the development of our nation. We will become proud of our motherland. We will devote
ourselves to ___________ （develop） our country.
developing
[解析] 句意为：实际上，空间技术不仅是对知识的探索，也是我们国家发展的写照。我们将为我们的祖国感到骄傲。我们将致力于发展我们的国家。
（2）devote在完形填空中主要考查对其词义及其固定搭配devote… to… 的含义的把握。
例5 One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandma why she thought it necessary to ___ time and
effort to clothes that were rarely seen and would be dirty in just an hour or two.
C
A.deliver B.attach C.devote D.owe
[解析] 句意为：在我大约13岁的某一天，我问奶奶，为什么她认为有必要在那些很少见而且在一两个小时内就会变脏的衣服上投入时间和精力。devote… to… 意为“投入……在……上”，故选C项。
4. limit
limit在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，常考查其形容词limited及limited的反义词unlimited，以及其名词limitation；②考查非谓语动词。
例1 [浙江2021年6月·改编] Many people in China have _______ （limit） exposure to English. That
makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
limited
[解析] 设空处修饰名词，故用形容词形式。
例2 [江苏淮安2022高二期中调研] Nowadays, AI has been created in many fields. In other words, AI
has a（n） _________ （limit） number of applications.
unlimited
[解析] 句意为：如今，人工智能已经出现在许多领域。换句话说，人工智能的应用是无限的。
例3 [山西晋城一中2022高二调研] I know it is important to know my own __________ （limit）, but
what is difficult is to help others know their own weaknesses.
limitations
[解析] 句意为：我知道了解自己的局限性很重要，但困难的是帮助别人了解他们的弱点。
例4 In other words, the price of burning coal is what we all pay when there is no market force
________ （limit） the pollution that causes climate change.
to limit
[解析] force的后置定语常用不定式形式。
例5 Therefore, the time which a professor can spend with a student outside of class is _______
（limit）.
limited
[解析] 设空处作表语，表示“有限的”，应用形容词limited。
5. convince
（1）convince在语法填空中的考法涉及：考查词性转换，常考查其形容词形式convincing和convinced，涉及固定用法be convinced of/that…。
例1 Large amounts of ___________ （convince） evidence have been discovered since they started the
investigation.
convincing
例2 [黑龙江哈尔滨三中2022模拟] Despite the numerous advantages associated with using AR in
education, not everybody is __________ （convince） that it is a positive development.
convinced
例3 [天津2020年7月·改编] He ___ the police department to allow him to set up a couple of “chat
benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that
read:“HAPPY TO CHAT”.
C
A.forced B.ordered C.convinced D.taught
[解析] 根据设空处后的allow him及Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches可知，此处指他说服警察局允许他设立“聊天长椅”。convince意为“说服；劝服”，符合语境。force意为“强迫”；order意为“命令”；teach意为“教导”。
（2）convince在完形填空中常考查对其词义的把握。
6. apply
apply在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，其名词为application，有“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；努力；勤奋”等意思；②考查固定搭配，apply for意为“申请”，apply… to… 意为“把……应用于……”。
例1 [河南新乡2022高二期末] Social cognition is the study of how people process social information,
especially its encoding, storage, recall and _______________ （apply） to social situations.
application（s）
例2 In one lesson, students apply the principles of maths ___ the study of local wildlife.
to
[解析] 句意为：在一节课中，学生们将数学原理应用到对当地野生动物的研究中。apply… to… 为固定搭配，意为“把……应用于……”。故填to。
7. average
average在语法填空中的考法涉及：考查固定搭配on average, an average of…。
例1 [浙江2021年1月·改编] Today, in Australia, most children ____ average fall 2,000 steps short of
the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight.
on
例2 [湖南师大附中2022高二期中·改编] According to the data collected by the Health and Retirement
Study, people who read books for as little as 30 minutes a day over several years were living ____
average of two years longer than people who didn't read anything at all.
an
8. 动词的-ing形式作宾语
例1 [全国乙2021] Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the
impact of ________ （visit） the place.
visiting
例2 [全国甲2021] After _________ （spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the
wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
spending
9. 冠词
例1 [全国甲2021] It took us about 3 hours to go all ____ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
the
[解析] all the way为固定搭配，意为“全程；一路上”。
例2 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021] While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ___ must to visit!
a
[解析] must在此处是可数名词，指一件必须要做的事情，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词修饰，且must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
时文领读
主题：人与社会——电影
语篇类型：说明文
词数：276
难度：中
阅读用时：7分钟
背景导入：本文介绍了一部打破传统观念的中国动画电影《哪吒之魔童降世》以及它受到极大欢迎的原因。通过对电影内容的介绍及点评，让我们意识到命运是掌握在自己手里的，爱可以战胜一切。
阅读技巧：训练分析文章结构，推断人物的观点和态度的能力。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
animated film动画电影 made by China为过去分词短语作 后置定语 screened on the Chinese mainland 为过去分词短语作后置定语 Directed and written by Yang Yu （stage name Jiao Zi） in his feature film directorial debut （首次执导）, Ne Zha is the top-grossing animated film ever made by China and is ranked in the top 5 on the box office chart for all films ever screened on the Chinese mainland. The box office hit has grossed （总收入为） more than 700 million dollars worldwide. 篇章结构第一段总领全文，点出
主题。
段落大意第一段：介绍电影《哪
吒之魔童降世》取得的成功。
关键信息top 5; more than 700
million dollars（列举具体数字使
文章更具有说服力）
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature作 Journey to the West的同位语 While引导让步状语从句，意为 “尽管” Ne Zha frequently appears in Chinese legends① and literature including Journey to the West, one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. Yet the figure in the new animated film is massively different from the past. While Ne Zha is a mythical② hero with extraordinary powers, audiences have found the story in the film very relatable③, different from the classics. 篇章结构第二至五段介绍这部电
影如此受欢迎的原因。
段落大意第二段：阐述这部电影
中哪吒的人物形象和传统观念中
哪吒的人物形象的不同。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
be meant to be应该是 live in fear of sth生活在对某事 的恐惧之中 prevent sb from doing sth阻止某 人做某事 In the film, Ne Zha was meant to be born a deity （神）, but instead, he is born a demon （恶魔） by mistake. From the very day he is born, people live in fear of the child and urge his father to kill him to prevent him from causing disasters. Fortunately, his parents choose to protect him. 段落大意第三段：具体介绍了这
部电影的亮点——打破常规。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
take control of控制; 接管 that引导定语从句，先行词为 choices rather than而不是 Yang said he hopes the film can encourage people to challenge what people think of them, just like how Ne Zha takes control of his life. “You are the one to say what kind of person you are. It all depends on the choices that you make, rather than believing in so-called destiny ④,” he said in an interview. 段落大意第四段：讲述了电影导
演的意图和其在作品中的体现。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
why引导定语从句，先行词为 reason as引导原因状语从句 Unlike other works about Ne Zha, his parents love and protect him with all their strength in the new film. This may be another reason why the film has captured the hearts of audience, as love conquers all and helps Ne Zha change his life. 段落大意第五段：电影带给大家
的启发——爱可以战胜一切并改
变命运。
推理判断根据第二段中的
audiences have found the story in
the film very relatable以及第五段
中的This may be another reason
why the film has captured the
hearts of audience可推断出，观
众对该影片持积极（positive）态
度。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
①legend n. ［C,U］传说；传奇 故事 ②mythical adj. 神话的；虚构的 ③relatable adj. 有关联的；能引 起共鸣的 ④destiny n. 命运
续表
【译文】
《哪吒之魔童降世》是由杨宇（艺名饺子）执导并编剧的首部故事片，是中国有史以来票房收入最高的动画电影，跻身中国大陆上映的所有电影票房排行榜的前五名。这部电影的全球票房总收入已经超过7亿美元。
哪吒经常出现在中国的传说和文学作品中，其中包括中国古典四大名著之一的《西游记》。然而在新的动画电影中，这一人物形象与过去有很大不同。虽然哪吒是一个神话英雄，有着非凡的力量，但观众能跟电影中的故事产生共鸣，这不同于（原来的）经典作品。
在这部电影里，哪吒本来是天生的神，结果却误成了恶魔。从他出生的那一天起，人们就生活在对这个孩子的恐惧中，并强烈要求他的父亲杀死他，以防止他引起灾难。幸运的是，他的父母选择保护他。
杨宇说他希望这部电影能鼓励人们挑战别人对他们的看法，就像哪吒掌控他自己的人生一样。“只有你自己能决定自己是什么样的人。一切都取决于你作出的选择，而不要去相信所谓的命运。”他在一次采访中表示。
不同于其他有关哪吒的作品，在这部新的电影中他的父母用尽全力爱他、保护他。这或许也是这部电影能够打动观众的另一个原因，因为爱可以战胜一切并帮助哪吒改变他的人生。
真题展示
[天津2020年7月·B篇] “They tell me that you'd like to make a statue （塑像） of me—is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream ”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. ”
President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors—they've all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I'm afraid there's not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust （半身像）？”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. “Of course—I shouldn't have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. ”
Vinnie's face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I've driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay （粘土） figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do!”
The President's eyes brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn't know your background. ”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I'd like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now I hardly have a minute to myself. ”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk. ”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie's hand warmly, “I've heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon. ”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
【语篇导读】本文主要讲述的是女孩文尼通过证明自己的实力，成功地被林肯总统选中为其塑像的故事，从而说明了人拥有强大意志力的重要性。
1.What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln ( )
B
A.Her aggressive personality. B.Mr. Mills's encouraging remark.
C.President Lincoln's gentle voice. D.Her interest in a challenging job.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. ”可知，女孩本来不敢向总统提出要求，但是老师的鼓励让她有了信心，故选B项。
2.How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie's request ( )
D
A.Pleased. B.Thrilled. C.Regretful. D.Doubtful.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段中的A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. 可知，林肯总统觉得制作一个全身的雕塑对于像文尼这样的女孩来说可能太大了，由此可推断出，他一开始对文尼的请求持怀疑的态度，故选D项。
3.Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting ___.
C
A.her experience from other projects B.her innocent childhood in the country
C.the heavy labor she had done before D.the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I've driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do!”可知，文尼告诉林肯总统，自己小时候在乡下做过很多体力活，以此来证明自己有能力胜任这个大工程，故选C项。
4.Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ___.
D
A.achieve effects of natural lighting B.keep all her tools within easy reach
C.observe the President at a right angle D.avoid disturbing the President's work
[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中总统所说的I hardly have a minute to myself. 和倒数第三段中文尼所说的If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at the desk. 可推知，文尼打算在总统工作的时候帮他塑像，由此可推断出，她选择靠近窗户的那个角落的目的是不打扰总统工作，故选D项。
5.What message does the story convey ( )
A
A.A strong-willed soul can reach his goal. B.Experience helps to promote excellence.
C.Ups and downs make one strong. D.Devotion requires enthusiasm.
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，小女孩文尼面对林肯总统的质疑没有退缩，而是用过去的经历证明自己的实力，且勇敢地表达出自己对于塑像的想法和具体的工作计划，最终获得总统的邀请，为其塑像，由此可知，这个故事体现出拥有强大意志力的人能够达成自己的目标，故选A项。
【微技能】推断人物观点、态度的方法
推断人物的观点或态度时通常无法从文章中直接获得信息，可根据人物的措辞、语气或对某个细节的描述进行推测。做这类题目时要注意，不要把自己的态度夹杂其中，同时要注意分辨是该人物自己的观点还是引用的其他人的观点。
这类题目的选项一般为表示观点态度的形容词，常见的有以下几种：
（1）积极：positive（积极的）, supportive（支持的）, optimistic（乐观的）, favourable（赞成的）等；
（2）消极：doubtful（怀疑的）, critical（批评的）, negative（否定的）等；
（3）中立：objective（客观的）, indifferent（不关心的）, neutral（中立的）等。