江苏高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）

阅读理解
For 18 years after her retirement (退休), Deng Xiaolan volunteered to teach music in a village in Hebei province. Her inspirational teaching and the enthusiasm and talent of her students made the 44 children from Malan village and neighboring villages in Fuping county sing the Olympic anthem in Greek at the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics on Feb 4.
Deng’s involvement with the rural children can be dated back to her parents. Her father Deng Tuo was the publisher of Jinchaji Daily, a newspaper which was based in Malan village in Fuping county, Hebei province, from 1939 to 1948. During the Japanese aggression (侵略), 19 Malan locals were killed for refusing to divulge information about the newspaper. Under the influence of her parents, who both loved music, she learned the violin and singing when she was young. She joined the school band after entering Tsinghua University, and also taught her colleagues to play the violin after graduation.
In 2003, when Deng Xiaolan returned to the village to remember the persons who were killed by Japanese invaders, a group of local children also attended the ceremony. She wanted to sing a song together with the children in commemoration (纪念仪式), but none of the children knew the well-known songs she named.
“If the children couldn’t sing, then they wouldn’t know how to appreciate music. Life would be so pale if it doesn’t have music,” Deng said. “My parents lived and fought here when they were young, and they wanted the locals to live a happy life. So I thought if I had the chance, I must teach them to sing.”
Deng began to travel between Beijing and the village since 2004 to teach the children music. She collected instruments and also rebuilt the school houses by raising funds and using her own pension (退休金). As the children had no background in music, she had to teach them basic music theory.
Two years later, she established the Malan Band. Among more than 200 students taught by Deng, many left the mountainous village to receive university education, some of whom are studying art at university or have entered a career in art education.
1．What contributed to the 44 children sing at the opening ceremony
A．They have a good knowledge of Greek.
B．Deng’s inspirational deeds and talent of her students.
C．The Winter Olympics Committee chose them.
D．Deng Xiaolan taught them and helped them sign up.
2．What can we know about Deng’s life in paragraph 2
A．She was a publisher of Jinchaji Daily.
B．She majored in music in Tsinghua University.
C．Her father was killed during Japanese aggression.
D．Her parents played an important role in her love of music.
3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “divulge”
A．make up B．arrange C．reveal D．reflect on
4．What kind of person do you think Deng is
A．Able and careful. B．Helpful and devoted.
C．Creative and generous. D．Curious and ambitious.
To help new students, the International Business Institute (IBI) plans to set up a buddy (伙伴) peer support project. The project will help new students meet current students at IBI who can provide them with some friendly company during their first months in Newcastle and help them with any small problems that they may have.
What’s in it for you
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.
Responsibilities of buddies
Telephone and arrange to make contact with the new student.
Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.
Arrange to meet the new student on morning or afternoon one weekend early in the semester,
and take the student to places that you enjoy in Newcastle.
Be prepared to take phone call from the new student to answer further questions that he/she may have from time to time. Meet to explain information to the new student in person, if required.
You will be matched to an individual new student. However, if you have friends who are also buddies, you might prefer to form a support group together. This would mean that you meet the new students as a group rather than one-on-one.
Being a buddy is voluntary. There is no “requirement” to provide assistance beyond the help outlined above.
Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy, you will be expected to fulfill your role conscientiously and cheerfully. It will be important to be considerate and reliable so that the student can feel confident in your support.
5．According to the passage, what benefit can you get from being a buddy
A．You can learn how to be a confident person.
B．It is easy for you to find some friendly company.
C．You can be rewarded with both money and prizes.
D．It may be helpful for your future studies and career.
6．Which of the following is one of buddy’s responsibility
A．Forming a support group with other volunteers at IBI.
B．Familiarizing the new student with his or her surroundings.
C．Building up the new suet’s confidence in his or her study.
D．Meeting the new student every morning early in the semester.
7．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A．To inform students’ responsibilities in new campus.
B．To attract potential volunteers to be peer supporters.
C．To offer an opportunity to practise speaking English.
D．To introduce a peer support project for new students.
Last night’s meteor shower (流星雨) left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valley’s mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.
“My family was so frustrated, ” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment. ”
Astronomers-scientists who study stars and planets-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.
There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting badly affects migrating (迁徙) birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ”
Countless more animal casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings. But some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person’s chances of getting cancer.
Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to help astronomers at the Lowell Observatory with a good observation condition. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is under way to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.
8．What do the astronomers complain about
A．Meteor showers occur less often than before.
B．Light pollution has remained unsolved for years.
C．Their observation equipment is in poor repair.
D．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.
9．What is the author’s attitude towards outdoor lighting
A．Positive. B．Calm. C．Worried. D．Doubtful.
10．Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to ___.
A．create a good observation condition
B．lessen the chance of getting cancer
C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night
D．enable all creatures to live in harmony
11．What message does the author most want to give us
A．Great efforts should be made to save energy.
B．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.
C．New equipment should be introduced for space study.
D．Human activities should be environmentally friendly.
RINGING IN YOUR EARS ENT DOCTOR DEVELOPED Tinnitus specialists are now recommending a new medically based program which can offer genuine relief for tinnitus-Sound Therapy! If you have: √Ringing in the ears √Work related noise exposure √Dizziness or vertigo(眩晕) √Difficulty hearing clearly √Blocked ear/s √Sleeping problems Sound Therapy may be the answer! CALL 1300 55 77 96 To learn exactly how our program works and get a FREE DVD info pack visit our website www.mysoundtherapy.com/rd or call 1300 55 77 96 and discuss your needs with one of our consultants “I suddenly realised I didn’t have tinnitus anymore!” Kelvin Pleming. Panel beater Sound Therapy INTERNIATION Pty Ltd Effective Tinnitus Relief - at last!Every year millions of people visit their doctors complaining of tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and most are told that they just have to learn to live with it. Affecting approximately 20% of the population, tinnitus is a stressful condition that can cause sleeplessness, anxiety and social isolation. It is often accompanied by dizziness, a certain degree of sound sensitivity, blocked-ear or hearing loss. Now there is a new home-based treatment which comes from the research on the ear and brain. It uses high frequency stimulation, through music, to rebuild and organize brain connections. The result, for most listeners, is relief or reduction of tinnitus and related conditions. Benefits can also include better sleep, clearer hearing. better memory, relief of dizziness and vertigo(眩晕)and a general feeling that the brain is sharper and communication is easier. For a free DVD and information pack call the Sound Therapy national enquiry line on 1300 55 77 96.
12．According to the advertisement, which of the following is TRUE of tinnitus
A．20% of the sufferers visit doctors for it.
B．It may result in many health problems.
C．It is caused by sleeplessness and anxiety.
D．Tinnitus specialists may lose hearing.
13．How does the Sound Therapy program work
A．By reducing one’s exposure to noise.
B．By offering patients tinnitus relief pills.
C．By hiring the best doctors and researchers.
D．By using music to improve brain connections. ·
14．By calling 1300557796, one can_______.
A．discuss with ENT doctors
B．buy some DVD info packs
C．talk to a consultant about his needs
D．participate in the program for free
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It obtains its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAIGPT-3 family of large language models using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative (权威的). A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst LloydWalmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, achieving in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research stage. But when too many people visit the site, it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try it at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb.1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT cannot replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questiors, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
15．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A．Its language model. B．Its working theory.
C．Its design inspiration. D．Its development process.
16．Why are the figures listed in paragraph 3
A．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B．To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C．To prove the necessity of developing ChatGPT.
D．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
17．What is ChatGPT Plus intended to do
A．To guide users to experience free services.
B．To allow net surfers to skip advertisements.
C．To help researchers detect the failure of the system.
D．To offer consumers priority access during peak hours.
18．What is the limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A．It operates based on limited data.
B．It updates information at a fixed time.
C．It takes more time to search for solutions.
D．It serves a certain number of customers at a time.
In the ancient walled city of Sana’a, mud skyscrapers rise high into the sky. The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with amazing geometric patterns. The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
“As an outstanding example of architecture reflecting the spatial (空间的) characteristics of the early years, the city in its landscape has an extraordinary artistic quality,” UNESCO writes in its description of Sana’a. “The buildings also show exceptional craftsmanship (工艺) in the use of local materials and techniques.”
Even though the buildings in Sana’a are thousands of years old, the ancient structures are still inhabited today and most remain private houses. It is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal—they are well-insulated (隔热的), sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. “It is the architecture of the future,” says Damluji, co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation.
Architects around the world are reviving (复兴) raw-earth construction as they seek to construct sustainable buildings that can survive extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat. Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes
The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions. The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050. Concrete, a common modern construction material, has a huge carbon footprint. Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is important to achieving our climate goals, scientists warn.
The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect sustainable replacement for concrete, according to Damluji. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If you want to pull down a wall or change the design, you can recycle all the materials.” An added benefit is that mud buildings are warm in the winter and cool in the summer. This reduces the need for air conditioning units, which consume large amounts of electricity and contain refrigerants (制冷剂) that make up greenhouse gas emissions. Mud structures are also incredibly strong and resistant to extreme weather, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts, which scientists say will become more frequent and intense as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore, people who wish to live in a modern, comfortable home should consider one made of mud. Overall, it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
19．According to the first two paragraphs, buildings in Sana’a are “unique” because .
A．they are tall and tower over the entire city
B．their geometric patterns create artistic feelings
C．they are beautifully crafted with local resources
D．their fascinating history has attracted many tourists
20．Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials according to the passage
A．They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B．They can be ideal for sustainable construction of the future.
C．They might produce a lot of greenhouse gas emissions.
D．They might cause substantial temperature changes.
21．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B．the mud buildings in Sana’a are no longer suitable to live
C．rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D．mud has become the favourite material of architects
22．What’s the author’s attitude towards raw-earth construction in the building industry
A．Cautious. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Supportive.
23．What might be the best title of the passage
A．Historic Cities Mark Human Civilization
B．Construction Industry Threaten Climate Goals
C．Modern Architecture Survive Extreme Weather
D．Ancient Material Make for Future House Designs
Many important decisions come down to a choice between keeping the supposed safety and risking going out for a chance at getting something even better. Though risk-taking preferences vary between individuals, research with humans shows that we’re all generally less willing to take risks in situations with more ambiguous(不确定的)outcomes. “The finding should also apply to risk-taking in chimps(黑猩猩)，one of our closest evolutionary(进化的)ancestors,” said Haux, from Max Planck Institute for Human Development.
To test the evolutionary roots of human risk preference, Haux and his colleagues measured 55 chimps living in reserves for their risky and ambiguous choices in an experimental setting. In each trial, they chose a ball from one of two pots. One pot was always safe because it contained two balls filled with one peanut each. In the risky condition, the second pot also contained two balls, but one was filled with two peanuts and the other with nothing. In the ambiguous condition, the balls in the second pot still contained two rewards or nothing, but the chimps couldn’t see the contents in the pot.
On average, chimps chose the risky pot over the safe pot 55% of the time but chose the ambiguous pot over the safe pot in just 25% of trials. This suggests that chimps, like humans, prefer to avoid situations with ambiguous versus known risks.
“Structural similarities in risk preferences of humans and one of our closest living relatives are likely to reflect adaptations to similar changes in evolution. While many other factors may influence human risk-taking preferences, the parallels between human and chimp behavior suggest that evolutionary adaptations have helped set a consistent(一致的)baseline,” Haux said.
Future work will compare how the risk-taking preferences of chimps living in reserves may differ from those living in zoos or in the wild, as well as how they compare to those of bonobos, another close evolutionary relative of humans, Haux added.
24．What was the purpose of the research on chimps
A．To compare their intelligence level with humans’.
B．To prove that chimps are more willing to take risks.
C．To test the the evolutionary roots of human risk preference.
D．To find out the differences between humans and chimps.
25．Which illustrates the risky condition in the experimental setting
A． B． C． D．
26．What does the underlined word “parallels” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Conflicts. B．Interactions. C．Misunderstandings. D．Similarities.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Haux is satisfied with the current research.
B．Other animals will be studied for more evidence.
C．The research topic will be shifted to another field.
D．Bonobos will be studied because they live in the wild.
“Leave her alone.” Hans Hubermann entered the fray (争吵). His gentle voice made its way in, as slipping through a crowd. “Leave her to me.” He moved closer and sat on the floor, against the wall. The floor was cold and unkind.
“You know how to roll a cigarette ” he asked her, and for the next hour or so, they sat in the rising pool of darkness, playing with the tobacco and the cigarette papers and Hans Hubermann smoking them.
When the hour was up, Liesel could roll a cigarette well. She still didn’t have a bath.
To most people, Hans Hubermann was barely visible. An un-special person. Certainly, his painting skills were excellent. His musical ability was better than average. Somehow, though, and I’m sure you’ve met people like this, he was able to appear as merely part of the background, even if he was standing at the front of a line. He was always just there. Not noticeable. Not important or particularly valuable.
The frustration of that appearance, as you can imagine, was completely misleading, let’s say. There definitely was value in him, and it did not go unnoticed by Liesel Meminger. (The human child — so much cleverer at times than the stupid adults.) She saw it immediately.
His manner.
The quiet air around him.
When he turned the light on in the small, humble washroom that night, Liesel observed the strangeness of her foster father’s (养父) eyes. They were made of kindness, and silver. Like soft silver, melting. Liesel, upon seeing those eyes, understood that Hans Hubermann was worth a lot.
When Liesel finally had a bath, after two weeks of living on Himmel Street, Rosa gave her an enormous tight hug. Nearly choking her, she said, “It’s about time!”
After a few months, they were no longer Mr and Mrs Hubermann. With a few typical words, Rosa said, “Now listen, Liesel — from now on you call me Mama.” She thought a moment. “What did you call your real mother ”
Liesel answered quietly. “Also Mama.”
28．What might be the cause of the fray before Hans interrupted it
A．Liesel refused to have a bath.
B．Liesel was annoyed by Rosa’s cooking.
C．Liesel wanted to learn how to roll a cigarette.
D．Liesel suffered from living with Hans and Rosa.
29．What did Liesel notice immediately when she met Hans
A．His musical ability. B．His painting skills.
C．His being invisible. D．His personal qualities.
30．Which of the following expressions best describe Liesel
A．Shy and thoughtful. B．Sensitive and clever.
C．Naughty and tough. D．Imaginative and easy-going.
31．What does the underlined sentence “After a few months, they were no longer Mr and Mrs Hubermann.”mean
A．Liesel started to call them Hanns and Rosa.
B．Liesel was sent back to her real parents.
C．Liesel adapted herself to the new family.
D．Liesel was used to Rosa’s strange manner.
On January 7th, 2022, David Bennett became the first person to have a heart transplanted successfully into him from a pig. On that occasion, mere operation success was the goal. This operation is a milestone for xenotransplantation (异种移植)— the transfer of organs from other species to human patients.
For decades, researchers have attempted to deal with xenotransplantation’s basic problem. This is that the human body, when it recognizes foreign tissue, tends to turn against it. In the case of pigs, the most important marker of foreignness is a sugar molecule (分子) called alpha-Gal. While this molecule does not exist in humans, antibodies to kill it do. So no transplant from a pig with alpha-Gal would last more than a couple of minutes in a human body. In 2003 pigs were produced with a changed genome so as to prevent the enzyme (酶) responsible for making alpha-Gal. This was a step in the right direction, but other barriers popped up.
The pig for David’s operation had a genome changed in ten ways to increase the chances of success. Three genes had been removed to reduce the risk of a human antibody rejecting the organ. A fourth, a growth gene, had also been knocked out, to ensure the heart did not enlarge after transplantation. And six human genes had been added to promote acceptance.
There are other concerns. One is any unknown rejection mechanism. Another is the possibility that the organ may pass viruses to its new host. The pig in question was raised where there was no virus to reduce the chance of that, but it remains a possibility.
In theory, pigs can be raised to provide humans with any solid organ, but some will be more complex than others. Moreover, even if these barriers can be overcome, most researchers still acknowledge that increasing xenotransplantation to meet the world’s demand for organs may take decades. After this news, however, the chances that it will happen eventually have increased.
32．What is the basic problem of xenotransplantation
A．The human body lacks alpha-Gal.
B．The human body resists foreign tissues.
C．The life of the transplanted organ is too short.
D．The enzyme is prevented from making alpha-Gal.
33．Why was a growth gene removed in David’s case
A．Because it would change David’s genome.
B．Because it would lead to heart enlargement.
C．Because it would make the heart more acceptable.
D．Because it would be recognized by David’s antibodies.
34．What can we learn about the pig
A．It saved the patient’s life perfectly.
B．It had a decreased number of genes.
C．It had an unknown rejection mechanism.
D．It was raised in a virus-free environment.
35．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of xenotransplantation
A．Optimistic. B．Indifferent. C．Disturbed. D．Uncertain.
America was where all my mother’s hopes lay. My mother believed one could be anything he wanted to be in America. “You can be a prodigy (神童), too,” my mother told me when I was nine. “You can be best at anything.” We didn’t immediately pick the right kind of prodigy. At first my mother thought I could be a Chinese Shirley Temple. We’d watch Shirley’s old movies on TV as though they were training films. My mother would poke my arm and say, “Ni kan”—You watch.
Soon after my mother got this idea about Shirley Temple, she took me to a beauty training school and put me in the hands of a student who could barely hold the scissors without shaking. Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz.
In fact, in the beginning, I was just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size. I was a dainty ballerina girl standing by the curtains, waiting to hear the right music that would send me floating on my tiptoes. I was Cinderella stepping from her pumpkin carriage with sparkly cartoon music filling the air.
In all of my imaginings, I was filled with a sense that I would soon become perfect. My mother and father would adore me. I would be beyond reproach (责备). I would never be annoyed by anything. Every night after dinner, my mother and I would sit at the Formica kitchen table. She would present new tests, taking her examples from stories of amazing children she had read and a dozen other magazines she kept in a pile in our bathroom. My mother got these magazines from people whose houses she cleaned. She would look through them all, searching for stories about remarkable children.
The first night she brought out a story about a three-year-old boy who knew the capitals of all the states and even most of the European countries. A teacher was quoted as saying the little boy could also pronounce the names of the foreign cities correctly.
“What’s the capital of Finland ” my mother asked me, looking at the magazine story.
All I knew was the capital of California, because Sacramento was the name of the street we lived on in Chinatown. “Nairobi!” I guessed, saying the most foreign word I could think of. She checked to see if that was possibly one way to pronounce “Helsinki” before showing me the answer.
The tests got harder — multiplying numbers in my head, finding the queen of hearts in a deck of cards, trying to stand on my head without using my hands, predicting the daily temperatures in Los Angeles, New York, and London.
And after seeing my mother’s disappointed face once again, something inside of me began to die. I hated the tests, the raised hopes and failed expectations. Before going to bed that night, I looked in the mirror and when I saw only my face staring back — and that it would always be this ordinary face — I began to cry. Such a sad, ugly girl! I made high-pitched (尖锐的) noises like a crazed animal, trying to scratch out the face in the mirror.
And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy side of me — because I had never seen that face before. I looked at my reflection, blinking so I could see more clearly. The girl staring back at me was angry, powerful. This girl and I were the same. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts. I won’t let her change me, I promised myself. I won’t be what I’m not.
36．Why did the mother and the girl watch Shirley Temple’s old movies on TV
A．Because the mother was a fan of Shirley Temple
B．Because the girl resembled Shirley Temple in appearance.
C．Because Shirley Temple’s hairstyle was very popular among children.
D．Because the mother wanted her daughter to be a Chinese Shirley Temple.
37．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the tests the girl did every night
A．She got through the tests painfully.
B．She felt confident and finished them smoothly.
C．She failed the tests and began to lose confidence.
D．She made preparations for tests to please her mother.
38．What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean
A．The mother was disappointed and gave up her daughter.
B．The mother expected her daughter to know the right answer.
C．The answers were more than one and the mother checked them.
D．The mother was not sure about the answer and wanted to confirm it.
39．What might happen after the last paragraph
A．The girl might do what she really likes.
B．The girl might do whatever her mother asks.
C．The girl might try her best to become successful.
D．The mother might change her attitude and listen to her daughter.
What do Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo all have in common with the heroes of ancient myths (神话) Joseph Campbell studied myths from all over the world and published a book called “The Hero with a Thousand Faces”, retelling dozens of stories and explaining how each represents the mono-myth, or Hero’s Journey. So, what is the “Hero’s Journey”
He thinks of it as a cycle in his book. The journey begins with the hero receiving a mysterious message, an invitation, or a challenge. After crossing the threshold from his safe home to adventure, with some help probably from someone older, wiser, our hero solves a riddle, slays a monster, escapes from a trap. The hero’s darkest hour then comes, when he faces death and possibly even dies, only to be reborn. As a result, the hero claims some treasure, special recognition, or power, which can vary between stories. After all that adventure, the hero returns to his ordinary world, but upgrades to a new level. Nothing is quite the same once you are a hero.
The Hero’s Journey myth exists in all human cultures and keeps getting updated, because we humans reflect on our world through symbolic stories of our own lives. You leave your comfort zone, have an experience that transforms you and then you recover and do it again. You don’t literally slay dragons or fight Voldemort, but you face problems just as scary. Joseph Campbell said, “In the cave you fear to enter lies the treasure you seek.”
What is the symbolic cave then you fear to enter Auditions (试镜) for the school play Baseball tryouts Love
Watch for this formula (公式) in books, movies, and TV shows you come across. You will certainly see it again. Also be sensitive to it in your own life. Listen for your call to adventure. Accept the challenge. Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek. And then, do it all over again.
40．What is the correct order of the “Hero’s Journey”
①Return to the ordinary world but upgrade to a new level.
②Receive a call to adventure and assistance from a wiser man.
③Set out on the adventure and go through a series of tough trials.
④Face a life-or-death crisis and be reborn with some special power.
A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．②③④① D．③②④①
41．Why is Hero’s Journey myth so popular
A．Because it’s a way to learn about the past.
B．Because it’s a way to reflect on our world.
C．Because these stories are part of human culture.
D．Because these stories are always being updated.
42．Which of the following may the author disagree with
A．We all need a “cave” to hide in face of danger.
B．Difficulties we face tend to be treasures in life.
C．Our comfort zone will promote our development.
D．We should watch more movies and shows for the formula.
43．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A．Where to Find a Hero. B．Be Your Own Hero.
C．How to Conquer Your Fear. D．Seek Your Scary Cave.
Frequently Asked Questions for Yellowstone National Park
How much is the entrance fee
$85-Private, non-commercial vehicle; $30-Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter);$20-Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. *This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
Where should we stay
Your decision may depend on how much time you have and what you want to see the most. If you plan on visiting Yellowstone National Park for only a few days and want to experience some of the main attractions then West Yellowstone would be a good base. If you want to have the full park experience then perhaps lodging (住宿) at Old Faithful would be a good choice. If you want to view the most wildlife, then we suggest the Northeast Entrance.
When is the best time to visit the park
This depends on what your interests are. Spring has abundant wildlife, roaring waterfalls and wild weather. Summer has it all including the most crowds, so you’d better get out early and eat your breakfast on the road! Fall is a special time of year. Everything seems to be declining including the crowds. Winter is a time of being a bit of social isolation. In years past it was more “economical” to visit most of the park. Now it is more restricted unless you can afford a snow-coach or guided snowmobile tour.
Can I get Cell and Wi-Fi
Free public Wi-Fi is available at Al-bright Visitor Center and at some park lodges for registered guests. Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas. In summer, service often reaches its limit in these areas.Yet, it is sad to see the latest generation fade away from normal everyday activities and conversation. Get out, look around, admire the wonders. There’re plenty of natural and human distractions around every corner. The last thing we want to do is distract visitors from Yellowstone’s wonders especially while driving.
44．How much is the entrance fee in total if Jeffery makes a self-driving trip to Yellowstone with his father and his 14-year-old daughter during the winter vacation
A．$50 B．$85 C．$105 D．$125
45．The underlined sentence implies that .
A．most of the park was restricted to visitors in winter in the past
B．visiting Yellowstone in winter is preferred by most local people
C．winter used to be the best time to visit the park in terms of expenses
D．nowadays most people choose to tour the park on a snow-coach in winter
46．We can learn from the passage that .
A．the wireless connection is not satisfactory
B．Old Faithful provides a full view of the park
C．the entrance ticket applies to Yellowstone only
D．younger generations make up the majority of park visitors
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47．How much will you spend if your portrait photo needs make-up correction
A．$0.25. B．$5. C．$2.50. D．$6.
48．Which two services provide background replacement
A．Figure and Wedding. B．Figure and Product.
C．Product and Jewellery. D．Wedding and Jewellery.
49．What is the first thing you must do if you want to edit your photos
A．Open an account on this website. B．Upload your photos to retouchers.
C．Give a detailed self-introduction. D．Take down your own requirements.
A promotion offering 98 yuan domestic plane tickets is being advertised by Chinese online travel platform LY. COM. While such a low price sounds amazing, there is just one catch: The purchase is not told where the flight is heading, nor when it will take off.
The promotion has become a trending topic on Chinese social media, as some people have been attempting to book them ahead of the upcoming summer holiday. Labeled as a “destination blind box” on the site, tickets are purchased through a rather simple booking procedure, in which passengers provide their travel information, select a departure airport and then pay their 98 yuan. If the randomly chosen date and destination are unsuitable, users may ask for a refund, but once they “lock in” their tickets, there is no going back.
The “destination blind box” is now a hot topic on China’s online platforms. “I believe young people are a big target demographic (目标群体) for this promotion, because they not only enjoy the thrill of the unknown, but also like to show off their lives through these types of commercial activities. Like this one for instance, it doesn’t matter whether they finally go or not. Booking a ticket and posting about it on social media can still suggest that one has adventurous and life- loving qualities,” said Fan, a marketing expert who has worked with civil aviation clients.
Many people not only shared the screenshots of tickets they drew, but also came up with a tutorial to teach the booking procedure under the free canceling policy. However, some others claimed it is too rare to draw a ticket that is ideal. “If it wants to be a profitable activity, the release of the tickets must have been planned ahead and is not as random as it seems. It will not have popular airlines. The marketing campaign may also be aimed at the fast sale of some tickets from less popular airlines that were originally not that expensive. If they sell a large quantity of tickets, the company may still earn a profit even though the price is 98 yuan,” an expert in tourism suggested.
50．Which of the following best explains “catch” underlined in paragraph 1
A．Benefit. B．Disadvantage. C．Mistake. D．Charm.
51．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The origin of the “destination blind box”.
B．The popularity of the “destination blind box”.
C．The original purpose of the “destination blind box”.
D．The purchase introduction to the “destination blind box”.
52．Why will a “destination blind box” appeal to young people according to Fan
A．It helps them save money on the cost of travel.
B．It allows them to experience various adventures.
C．It satisfies their desire to travel around China.
D．It agrees with their lifestyles and attitudes.
53．What can we infer about the promotion from the last paragraph
A．It facilitates getting an ideal ticket.
B．It will not bring in any profit.
C．It still needs to be improved.
D．It will give a boost to tourism.
Zheng Kelu, the Chinese translator of French masterpieces by Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Stendhal and Simone Beauvoir, died aged 81 on Sept 20. In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks. Thanks to his endeavors, Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo.
Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works.
In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary.
In Zheng’s view, translating practice helped to improve his French language capability, while doing research inspired him on selecting literature works to be translated. Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives. He said in an interview with Shanghai Observer in November that the key to a quality translation lies in how to deal with sentence patterns, especially relative clauses that don’t exist in the Chinese language. He emphasized polishing language use and concluded his translating style as brief and fluent while being literarily graceful.
54．What does the underlined word “endeavors” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．translations. B．efforts. C．masterpieces. D．recommendations.
55．What made Zheng Kelu be able to read original French works
A．The “cultural revolution”. B．His fond of French literature.
C．The French-Cinese dictionaries. D．His past learning experience.
56．Which words can best describe Zheng Kelu
A．Careful and friendly. B．Proud but brave.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Strict but generous.
57．What can be inferred from Zheng’s view
A．Rarely used Chinese characters must be used.
B．It is helpful to present historical value of the works.
C．It is important for the translation to be complicated.
D．Relative clauses have no effect on a quality translation.
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in different family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that is a sign of strong friendship.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins (海豚) that learn the “names” of their close friends. But there is little proof about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his workmates to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 examples of physical contact between individuals. Those included slippery hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone pictures showed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for example. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there communicating with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue (胶水) holding the groups together, Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to biological anthropologist Stacey Tecot, who didn’t join in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new proofs, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
58．What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Rise to. B．Be equal to.
C．Benefit from. D．Depend on.
59．What is new about Weiss’ research
A．The research method. B．The size of the research team.
C．The target of the research. D．The time spent on the research.
60．What did Weiss find about J49 and J51
A．They have a long-lasting friendship.
B．Their communication is difficult to understand.
C．Their communicating ways change frequently.
D．They prefer playing with young female whales.
61．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．More researchers will take part in the study.
B．Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C．Researchers will get more proofs to study killer whales.
D．Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch University.
Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the “soul”. Here was the “teacher” asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom.
Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who “taught” me during that year. I remember they “taught” me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest.
I took further courses with Dr. Degenaar in the following years. Like the first class, there was little “lecturing” at us, but far more involvement of us all in a process of mutual (共同的) discovery in which we learned a lot about each other and the important issues of the day. The excitement of discovery stays with me. Then it took me almost another 20 years to get a deeper understanding of what had happened in that lecture hall: experiential learning.
Traditionally, learners have been seen as “empty containers” waiting to be “filled” with learning given them by the teacher. The learner is, therefore, dependent on the teacher for what to think and how to pliance (遵从) is rewarded and so independent and original thinking is not developed.
In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a “teacher” or “lecturer” says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it.
62．What did the author think of his first Greek philosophy class
A．Boring. B．Amazing.
C．Confusing. D．Challenging.
63．Why does the author compare Dr. Degenaar and the other lecturers
A．To prove Dr. Degenaar’s devotion to his career.
B．To stress Dr. Degenaar’s great influence on him.
C．To point out Dr. Degenaar’s popularity among students.
D．To show the author’s deep interest in Greek philosophy.
64．How does experiential learning differ from traditional learning
A．It combines theory with practice. B．It has no limit on learning places.
C．It encourages independent thinking. D．It focuses more on the result of learning.
65．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To introduce his respected teachers.
B．To share his favorite university lesson.
C．To explain the factors of experiential learning.
D．To recommend an effective learning approach.
It isn’t necessary to know everything before heading out into the wilderness, but studying a quality first-aid guide book and familiarizing yourself with the necessary skills can be enough to save someone’s life.
Wilderness Medicine: Beyond First Aid by William W. Forgey
This book does a great job of breaking down how to examine, judge, and stabilize your patient or situation, manage the person’s physical symptoms(症状), and know what questions to ask. It covers a wider range of possible injuries and treatment options than some other wilderness first-aid books. This book costs $12.79 and is easy to read and understand.
Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills by The Mountaineers
In its 9th edition, the book, which costs $21.99, has become a gold standard for anyone planning to spend significant time in the backcountry. Written by climbers for climbers, this book has everything you need to know to stay safer, from basic first aid to staying safe in avalanche terrain(雪崩地形), and learning how to move forward without networking.
Mountaineering: Essential Skills for Hikers and Climbers by Alun Richardson
The book, which costs $13.59, not only contains information about wilderness first aid but also attempts to teach you safety and survival skills from hiking basics to winter adventures. This book stands out because of its detailed visual diagrams that illustrate the right and wrong ways to achieve different techniques.
Medicine for Mountaineering & Other Wilderness Activities by James Wilkerson
The book, which costs $32.95, is a great addition to your collection if you’ve already read some of the other wilderness first-aid books, and maybe even taken a course already but are still wanting to learn more. Many doctors and nurses like this book because they practice basic medical diagnosis(诊断) regularly.
66．What does William W. Forgey introduce in detail in his book
A．The ways of comforting injured climbers.
B．The steps to determine a medical problem.
C．The advice on keeping away from potential dangers.
D．Visual diagrams showing treatment options.
67．How much is the book based on the real-life climbing experiences
A．$21.99. B．$13.59. C．$12.79. D．$32.95.
68．Which book especially suits climbers with a background in medicine
A．Wilderness Medicine: Beyond First Aid.
B．Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills.
C．Mountaineering: Essential Skills for Hikers and Climbers.
D．Medicine for Mountaineering & Other Wilderness Activities.
Sports play a key role in the physical and mental development of children. Although it’s great to see a child succeed in one sport, it’s important to keep their activities in balance. Participation in multiple sports enables children to acquire a knowledge of many movement skills. In addition to this, here are some other good reasons why kids should be encouraged to play several sorts of sports.
Repetitive movements can overstress growing bodies which later on can lead to injuries. With multi-sports, each sport works the body slightly differently. This will lead to fewer overuse injuries. Also, kids who overspecialize in one sport may end up losing interest and eventually give up. Specializing in a sport raises expectations and may put too much pressure on young kids. Having a variety of experiences will keep children interested and motivated, and even make them enjoy sports without any pressure.
Multi-sports also allow kids to experience different roles. Being a goalkeeper in a football team is very different from being a point guard in basketball. Being exposed to baseball develops better hand-eye coordination (协调). Soccer develops better footwork (步法). Volleyball develops jumping and hand-eye coordination. Martial arts develop strength, mobility, and discipline. Swimming develops full-body coordination and strength. The list goes on and on! Participation in multiple sports broadens a child’s developmental social, and situational experience. It opens up opportunities to become a better competitor and a promising athlete — flexible and energetic.
Many sports superstars like Stephen Curry achieved their standing today by playing multiple sports. Curry played basketball but he also played baseball, football, soccer, and everything else in a sports buffet. What worked for Curry, experts say, could work for most of us.
Besides developing a wide range of sports skills, more importantly, multi-sports provide opportunities for children to discover their liking. With the help of the right coaches, sports become fun, inspiring kids’ interests. So if you can’t decide whether your child should focus on one sport or try some different sports, I hope you can make a better decision now.
69．What will happen to kids if they do one sport repeatedly
A．They can stay more focused.
B．They can spare more time to study.
C．They can be skilled at the sport early.
D．They can be more likely to get injured.
70．What’s implied about multi-sports in Paragraph 3
A．They inspire kids’ sporting spirit.
B．They help kids develop their special talents.
C．They have much higher requirements for kids.
D．They help promote kids’ all-round development.
71．What does the author want to express in the last paragraph
A．Multi-sports help kids find their favorite sports.
B．Sports skills make kids more popular at school.
C．Parents should lower their expectations for kids.
D．Children should turn their interests into professions.
72．What is the text mainly about
A．How sports benefit kids.
B．What sports children should try.
C．Why kids should try multi-sports.
D．Why multi-sports are popular today.
Fifteen months after operation began, the China-Laos Railway (Laos section) is set to introduce the LCR Ticket App on Wednesday, which allows passengers to make ticket purchases via their mobile phones, bringing Laos into the era of online train ticket sales.
The system, developed by a branch of China State Railway Group, marks a further step in the informatization process of the China-Laos Railway passenger business, according to a press release sent to the Global Times by the China State Railway Group on Tuesday. Since the start of operation on December 3,2021,the China-Laos Railway (Laos section) has seen strong demand, with the daily passenger traffic exceeding 10,000 on most busy days. However, the train tickets are sold manually at windows and sales outlets.
The app, which has the advanced technology of China’s 12306 online ticketing system, is based on the laws and regulations of Laos, its cultural characteristics and user preferences. It also supports Lao, Chinese and English. Due to the size of its population and its advanced and extensive railway system, China is home to the world’s most complex online ticket selling system. During the Spring Festival period this year, the system was able to handle a peak transaction volume of over 1,000 tickets per second. Tickets can be paid for via several methods including VISA, UnionPay, WeChat Payment and Alipay. A manager at Laos-China Railway Company, which operates the Laos section, said that online ticket sales will greatly improve the travel experience on the railway which helps promote tourism. The LCR Ticket App is set to be available for downloading from 6:30 am on Wednesday in Laos. Growing passenger and cargo volume has meant that the China-Laos Railway has become a promising route for international logistics.
Lao Ambassador to China Khamphao Ernthavanh said in a recent interview that the China-Laos Railway is an important project featuring win-win cooperation between the two countries, opening up new prospects for the socio-economic development of Laos and turning the dreams of people along the route into reality. The railway has turned land-locked Laos into a land-linked hub with freight train service bringing goods to countries including Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Bangladesh and Singapore.
73．What changes has the LCR Ticket App brought to China-Laos train ticket sales
A．It makes Laos enter the age of online ticketing.
B．It is opened along with the railway operation.
C．It leads to the abandonment of manual ticketing.
D．It is more advanced than the technology in China.
74．What can we learn from China-Laos railway online ticketing system
A．It copies China’s advanced technology totally.
B．It takes requirements of Laos into consideration.
C．It is based on the preferences of Chinese passengers.
D．It is jointly developed by Laos, China and the United Kingdom.
75．What does Lao manager say about the online ticket sales
A．The app download is not user-friendly.
B．The payment methods are diverse.
C．The travel experience for tourists will promote tourism.
D．The online ticket sales reach 1,000 tickets per second every day.
76．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The benefits of the China-Laos railway.
B．The cooperation between China and Laos.
C．The goods transported by China-Laos railway.
D．The realization of the dreams along China-Laos railway.
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了邓小岚带领来自阜平县马兰村和邻近村庄的44名儿童在2022年北京冬奥会开幕式上演唱了奥运会歌。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Her inspirational teaching and the enthusiasm and talent of her students made the 44 children from Malan village and neighboring villages in Fuping county sing the Olympic anthem in Greek at the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics on Feb 4.( 2月4日，在2022年北京冬奥会开幕式上，她鼓舞人心的教学以及学生们的热情和天赋，让来自阜平县马兰村和邻近村庄的44名儿童用希腊语唱起了奥运会歌)”可知，邓鼓舞人心的教学行为和学生的天赋促成了这44名学生在开幕式上的演唱。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Under the influence of her parents, who both had a passion for music, she learned the violin and singing when she was young.(在她热爱音乐的父母的影响下，她从小就学习小提琴和唱歌)”可知，邓小岚的父母在她对音乐的热爱中起了重要作用。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句中“During the Japanese aggression, 19 Malan locals were killed for refusing to divulge information about the newspaper.”可知，在日本侵略期间，19名马兰当地人因拒绝divulge有关该报的信息而被杀害，即马兰当地人被日本侵略者杀害，应该是因为拒绝泄露有关报纸的信息，故画线词意为“泄露”。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Deng began to travel between Beijing and the village since 2004 to teach the children music. She collected instruments and also rebuilt the school houses by raising funds and using her own pension. As the children had no background in music, she had to teach them basic music theory.(邓小岚从2004年开始往返于北京和村子之间，教孩子们音乐。她收集乐器，并通过筹集资金和使用自己的养老金重建学校房屋。由于孩子们没有音乐背景，她不得不教他们基本的音乐理论)”可知，邓小岚为了教孩子们音乐，从2004年开始往返于北京和村子之间，并使用自己的养老金重建学校房屋，由此可知，她是有献身精神的人；由于孩子们没有音乐背景，她会教他们基本的音乐理论，由此可知，她是一个体贴的人，综上所述，邓小岚是一个乐于助人且有奉献精神的人。故选B。
5．D 6．B 7．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。为了帮助新生，国际商学院（IBI）计划建立一个项目，该项目将帮助新生认识在校学生，并帮助他们解决他们可能遇到的任何小问题。文章主要介绍了作为同伴支持者的好处以及应当履行的一些责任。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives.(它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，作为伙伴的好处是对你未来的学习和事业有帮助，故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据Responsibilities of buddies下的第二段“Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.(与学生见面，带他/她参观校园和当地环境，回答有关在纽卡斯尔生活和 IBI 行政程序的问题)”可知，作为伙伴的其中一个责任是使新生熟悉环境。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.(我们相信成为一个好朋友会在几个方面得到回报。作为一名志愿者，知道自己能够帮助新同学，对你个人来说是一件令人满意的事情。它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系。如果你是一个留学生，这将给你另一个机会练习说英语)”和最后一段中“Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy, you will be expected to fulfill your role conscientiously and cheerfully. (请注意，如果你同意成为一个同伴支持伙伴，你将被期望认真和愉快地履行你的角色)”可推知，作者的写作目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为同伴支持者。故选B。
8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人想在晚上看流星雨，结果由于光线太亮，影响了他们的观看效果，由此引发了人们对光污染的思考。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Astronomers-scientists who study stars and planets-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. (天文学家——研究恒星和行星的科学家——几十年来一直在抱怨这个问题。他们说，光污染使他们无法看到天空中的物体，而在过去，他们可以很容易地看到这些物体。)”可知，天文学家抱怨的是光污染多年来一直没有得到解决。故选B项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For example, outdoor lighting badly affects migrating(迁徙)birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ” (这个种群包括鸟、蝙蝠、青蛙、蛇等。例如，室外照明严重影响候鸟。据国际黑暗天空协会称，“在北美，每年有1亿只鸟死于与灯火通明的建筑物和塔楼相撞。”)”可推知，作者对户外照明的态度是担忧的。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to help astronomers at the Lowell Observatory with a good observation condition. (多年来，亚利桑那州的弗拉格斯塔夫一直在该市实施照明规定，以帮助洛厄尔天文台的天文学家获得良好的观测条件。)”可知，亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫的照明法规生效是为了创造良好的观察条件。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了许多人想在晚上看流星雨，结果由于光线太亮，影响了他们的观看效果，由此引发了人们对光污染的思考，并且反复强调了光污染问题对人类活动和动物的影响，所以作者最想给我们的信息应该是：人类活动应该是环境友好型的。故选D项。
12．B 13．D 14．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了耳鸣的症状、治疗方法和效果等。
12．细节理解题。根据文章右栏第一段最后一句“tinnitus is a stressful condition that can cause sleeplessness, anxiety and social isolation. It is often accompanied by dizziness, certain degree of sound sensitivity, blocked-ear or hearing loss. (耳鸣是一种有压力的疾病，它会导致失眠、焦虑和社会隔离。常伴有头晕、一定程度的声音敏感、耳塞或听力损失)”可知，耳鸣常伴有其他的症状，可能会导致许多健康问题。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据右栏第二段第二句“It use high frequency stimulation, through music, to re-build and organize brain connections. (它利用高频率的刺激，通过音乐，重建和组织大脑连接)”可知，声音疗法的原理是通过高频率的刺激，通过音乐重建和大脑的联系。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据左侧最后一段“To learn exactly how our program works and get