勤思笃学
2023 中考英语 讲通练透
满分冲刺08 非谓语动词之动词不定式
在中考语法项目中,主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成,有时to省略,直接由动词原形构成。否定式由“not to+动词原形” 构成。
如:We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累,但是我们决定继续远足。
The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。
【难点突破1】
动词不定式作宾语
(1)接不定式作宾语的动词(“动词+to do” 结构)常见的有:
learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意
refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望
hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢
help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)
continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)
如:I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
(2)动词不定式作宾语,置句末,前面用it指代不定式,it是形式宾语。
如:We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
(3)有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词(who,what,which等)作宾语(即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构),常见的有:show 表明、指示;know 知道;tell 告诉;teach 教;learn 学习;decide 决定。
如:Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
1.(2023·福建三明·统考一模)—Many foreigners think everyone in China knows ________ Tai Chi.
—This is a silly thought. But it is true that Tai Chi is popular with Chinese.
A.where to do B.how to do C.when to do
2.(2022·甘肃定西·模拟预测)— Dad, why must we stop ________ until the light becomes green
— Because that’s the traffic rule.
A.to wait B.waiting C.wait D.wait to
3.(2023·福建福州·统考一模)—Excuse me, could you tell me _________ my car
—Sure. There is a new parking lot behind the bank. You can park it there.
A.where to park B.when to park C.how to park
4.(2023·四川凉山·模拟预测)—I still remember ________ you my English notebook. But it seems that you have forgotten ________ it back to me.
—Sorry, I’ll treat you to hotpot on the weekend. How about that
A.lending; to give B.to lend; to give C.lending; giving D.to lend; giving
5.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测)I can’t afford ________ that expensive car.
A.buying B.to buying C.to buy
6.(2022·黑龙江鸡西·校考一模)Jack seems ________ a diary every day.
A.to keep B.keeps C.keeping
7.(2022·甘肃天水·校联考模拟预测)—Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework
—No, in fact I found _________.
A.it easy to do B.it very easy done C.it’s very easy doing D.very easy to do
8.(2022·广西钦州·统考二模)We plan ________ our parents this weekend.
A.to visit B.visiting C.visit
9.(2022·天津西青·统考一模)Please remember ________ the lights before you leave.
A.to turn off B.turning off C.to turning off D.turns off
10.(2022·山东菏泽·统考二模)No matter where he is, he makes ________ a rule ________ for a walk after supper.
A.him...to go B.it...going C.it...to go
【难点突破2】
动词不定式作宾语补足语
(1)接不定式作宾语补足语的动词(动词+sb.+to do结构,否定式“动词+sb.+not to do” )常见的有:
tell 告诉 ask 请 order 命令 warn 警告 teach 教 want 想要
wish 希望 expect 期望 encourage 鼓励 allow 允许 invite 邀请 advise 建议
require 要求 force 强迫
如:Do you want me to find out the phone number 你想要我找出那个电话号码吗?
(2)有些及物动词,接不定式作宾语补足语时(动词+sb.+do ),要省略to。这类及物动词常见的有:
let 让 make 使 have 使 see 看见 watch 注视 hear 听到 notice 注意到 feel 感觉起来
被动语态中要还原to,如 make sb. do被动语态变为 sb. be made to do。
如:I saw him read in the library yesterday. 我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读
He was seen to read in the library yesterday. 他被看见昨天在图书馆阅读。
11.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测)It’s important to make your friends ________ you to avoid quarreling.
A.understand B.to understand C.understood
12.(2022·新疆伊犁·新疆生产建设兵团第四师第一中学校考二模)The summer holiday is coming. Our teacher tells us ________ in the river.
A.not swim B.don’t swim C.not to swim D.not swimming
13.(2023·四川凉山·模拟预测)— Would you please ________ make the child ________ any more
— Well, I just wanted him not to play with the chalk.
A.don’t, cry B.not, to cry C.don’t, to cry D.not, cry
14.(2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测)I saw a stranger ________ around my house when I came back these days.
A.walk B.walking C.walked
15.(2022·贵州铜仁·统考二模)—Mr. Smith told his son ________ the football match because of the exam.
—That’s right.
A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesn’t watch
16.(2023·上海静安·统考一模)One aim in middle school education is to let students ________ abilities of independent learning.
A.develop B.to develop C.developing D.to developing
17.(2022·新疆伊犁·校考二模)Dreams are full of power and they can lead you ________ harder and become ________ than before.
A.to work; worse B.work; worse C.work; better D.to work; better
18.(2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测)When Chen was a kid, her parents taught her ________ on the ice.
A.skates B.to skate C.skated D.skate
19.(2022·海南省直辖县级单位·校联考模拟预测)—My teachers don’t allow me ________ my mobile phone to school.
—That’s the school rule, you must obey it.
A.to bring B.bringing C.bring
20.(2022·四川泸州·校考模拟预测)Look at the sign “No swimming”, it warns us ________ in the lake.
A.to swim B.not to swim C.swimming D.swim
【难点突破3】
3. 动词不定式作目的状语
不定式作目的状语,可放在句首或句末。to表示目的、为了。
如:To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 为了学好数学,你必须多做练习。
We came here to ask you for help. 我们来这是为了向你寻求帮助。
21.(2023·福建福州·统考一模)_________ our eyes, we should do eye exercises regularly.
A.Protect B.Protecting C.To protect
22.(2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测)So far, our government has taken many measures _______ the energy shortage problem.
A.to deal with B.dealing with C.deal with
23.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模)I like him because he always tries what he can think of ________ the best in me.
A.bring out B.to bring out C.bringing out
24.(2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测)We should do what we can ________ the children in poor area.
A.help B.helping C.to help
25.(2023·上海黄浦·统考一模)The man will do anything ________ his son even if he runs into real trouble.
A.save B.saving C.to save D.to saving
26.(2022·江苏连云港·校考三模)World Reading Day is now celebrated ________ people’s love of reading.
A.improving B.improve C.improved D.to improve
27.(2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考模拟预测)________ awake (醒着的), Cherry went to the bathroom and washed her face with cold water.
A.Stay B.Staying C.To stay D.Stayed
28.(2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测)China is making great efforts ________ people’s living standards and fight climate change.
A.improve B.improving C.improved D.to improve
29.(2022·吉林长春·统考一模)________ me study online well, my parents bought me a new computer.
A.Making B.Make C.To make D.Made
30.(2022·吉林·模拟预测)Peter’s mother gets up early ________ breakfast for him every morning.
A.to make B.making C.makes
【难点突破4】
4. 不定式的常见句型
31.(2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模)It’s kind ________ you ________ so much for us.
A.of, to think B.for, to think C.of, thinking
32.(2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测)They are ________ poor ________ build a new school for the children. We must help them
A.so, that B.as, as C.too, to
33.(2022·甘肃定西·统考二模)It’s necessary ________ masks(口罩) in public places during the COVID-19 period.
A.of us to wearing B.for us to wearing
C.of us to wear D.for us to wear
34.(2022·甘肃武威·统考三模)It is hard ________ on muddy roads in spring.
A.walk B.walks C.walking D.to walk
35.(2022·贵州铜仁·统考三模)It is very hot today. I think the water in the river is ________ for us ________.
A.warm enough; swimming B.warm enough; to swim
C.enough warm; to swim D.enough warm; swimming
36.(2022·江西南昌·校考一模)Li Hua is always the first ________ to our class every day.
A.comes B.come C.to come D.coming
37.(2022·全国·九年级专题练习)It takes Amy about twenty minutes ________ home every day.
A.to walk B.walk C.walk to D.to walk to
38.It ________ forty-five minutes ________ there by bus.
A.cost; to get B.takes; getting
C.takes; to get to D.takes; to get
39.It takes about 30 minutes _______ a bicycle from my home to school.
A.ride B.riding C.to ride D.rides
40.(2022·全国·九年级专题练习)_________ takes him 2 hours _________ English every day.
A.That; study B.It; to study C.It; studying D.That; to study
【冲刺满分】中考真题+各地模拟
41.(2022·内蒙古·中考真题)—Betty, I’m not good at English. Could you help me please
—Sure. I’ll do what I can ________ you improve your English.
A.to help B.help C.helping D.helps
42.(2022·西藏·统考中考真题)It’s important for the disabled ________ the ability to make a living.
A.to have B.have C.having D.has
43.(2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题)They are working hard ________ tigers.
A.saved B.save C.to save
44.(2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)Whether sportsmen, sportswomen or volunteers, people used their skills and warmth ________ the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics a shining success.
A.make B.making C.made D.to make
45.(2022·上海·统考中考真题)The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country.
A.sell B.selling C.to sell D.sold
46.(2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题)Good news comes that China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space ________ the unknown world.
A.explore B.explored C.exploring D.to explore
47.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)We should have a healthy diet, proper exercise and enough sleep ________ fit.
A.keeping B.to keep C.keep D.kept
48.(2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题)________ heavy traffic, please get up and set out early.
A.To avoid B.Avoid C.Avoiding D.Avoided
49.(2022·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)If each of us makes efforts _______ something meaningful, our society will become better and better.
A.to lose B.to be lost C.to do D.to be done
50.(2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题)—Tom, do you think reading is important
—Yes, I do. So I decide ________ more time reading from now on.
A.spend B.to spend C.spending
51.(2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school.
A.work B.works C.working D.to work
52.(2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题)—Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from ________ in the lake or river.
—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the school rules.
A.swim; to follow B.swim; following
C.swimming; following D.swimming; to follow
53.(2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题)— Hou can I prevent COVID-19, Dad
—________ healthy, you should always wear a mask and wash hands frequently.
A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep
54.(2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题)The high school invited a famous scientist _______ a talk on World Earth Day.
A.giving B.to give C.give D.given
55.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)—I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A.find out B.to find out C.finding out
56.(2022·广西百色·中考真题)Our teacher often tells us _________ across the road when the traffic light is red.
A.go B.going C.don’t go D.not to go
57.(2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题)— Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.
— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A.wear B.wears C.to wear D.wearing
58.(2022·四川雅安·统考中考真题)Teenagers often listen to pop music _________.
A.relax B.to relax C.relaxing D.relaxed
59.(2022·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题)Nancy didn’t know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club ________ some new friends.
A.to meet B.meet C.met D.meets
60.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)—We should do what we can ________ the spread of virus (病毒).
—You are right. We can often wash hands and wear masks.
A.prevent B.to prevent C.preventing
61.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)—It is convenient ________ us ________ things online.
—So it is.
A.for; to buy B.of; to buy C.for; buy
62.(2022·贵州毕节·统考中考真题)Many people have lost their homes because of wars. It’s important for people ________ a peaceful world.
A.have B.had C.to have D.to be having
63.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨德强学校校考模拟预测)—There will be a math test next week. Do we need ______ up late to study
—I think there is no need ______ us to do that. Listening to the teacher carefully is the most important.
A.to stay; for B.staying; to C.to stay; to
64.(2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·校考三模)Excuse me, could you tell me ________
A.what to do B.what should I do C.how to do
65.(2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·校考二模)—What would you like to do to relax yourself
—I prefer _______ basketball rather than _______ computer games.
A.play; play B.to play; play C.to play; to play
66.(2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测)We are short of drinking water, so it’s necessary to take measures ________it.
A.deal with B.dealing with C.to deal with
67.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模)The motto (座右铭) on my desk often reminds me ________ my talents and abilities to the full and struggle (奋斗) for my dream.
A.of developing B.develop C.to develop
68.(2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模)Mary is a little poor at English. I think she needs ________ it every day.
A.practise to speak B.to practise speaking C.practise speaking
69.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模)— What’s the matter
— The boys ________ outside are making too much noise. Please help me ________ the window.
A.playing; closing B.played; to close C.playing; close
70.(2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测)I’ve already told him but he is still not clear ________ to do next.
A.whether B.what C.how
71.(2022·甘肃陇南·校考模拟预测)—I don’t know ________ to remember the new English words.
—Don’t worry! Try thinking about their pronunciations.
A.what B.how C.where D.when
72.(2022·甘肃金昌·校考二模)—I often see David play basketball after school.
—Yes, he is often seen ________ basketball after school.
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
73.(2022·广东江门·校考一模)While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped ________ and fell on the ground, so we all stopped ________ what was wrong with him.
A.to run; to see B.running; seeing C.running; to see D.to run; seeing
74.(2022·广东江门·校考一模)She is ________ afford the expensive house.
A.enough rich to B.so rich that C.rich enough to D.too rich to
75.(2023·上海闵行·统考一模)The volunteers offer ________ the suitcases for the passengers who need help.
A.carry B.to carry C.carried D.carrying
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:——很多外国人认为中国人都知道怎么打太极。——这是一个愚蠢的想法。但太极拳确实在中国人中很受欢迎。
考查疑问词+不定式。where to do在哪里打;how to do如何打; when to do什么时候打。根据“knows ... Tai Chi.”和回答“This is a silly thought. But it is true that Tai Chi is popular with Chinese.”可知,空处指的是“怎么”打太极,其他选项不合语境,故选B。
2.A
【详解】句意:——爸爸,为什么我们必须停下来等灯变绿?——因为那是交通规则。
考查动词的非谓语形式。stop to do sth“停下来去做某事”;stop doing sth“停止正在做的事情”。根据“Because that’s the traffic rule.”可知,交通规则是要停下来等到灯变绿,用stop to do sth结构,故选A。
3.A
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我在哪里停车吗?——当然。银行后面有一个新停车场。你可以停在那里。
考查疑问词+不定式。where to park在哪里停车;when to park什么时候停车;how to park如何停车。根据答语“There is a new parking lot behind the bank. You can park it there.”可知,询问在哪里停车。故选A。
4.A
【详解】句意:——我还记得借给你我的英语笔记本。但是你好像忘记还给我了。——对不起,周末我请你吃火锅。怎么样?
考查remember和forget的用法。根据“you my English notebook”可知,记得借过英语笔记本,remember doing sth“记得做过某事”;再根据“Sorry, I’ll treat you to hotpot on the weekend.”可知,笔记本没有归还,因此是忘记归还笔记本,forget to do“忘记做某事”,故选A。
5.C
【详解】句意:我买不起那辆昂贵的汽车。
考查非谓语动词。can’t afford to do sth“负担不起做某事”,固定短语。故选C。
6.A
【详解】句意:杰克似乎每天都写日记。
考查动词不定式作宾语。谓语动词seems后接不定式“to+动词原形”,作宾语,keep“记录”,动词。故选A。
7.A
【详解】句意:——今天的家庭作业你有什么困难吗?——没有,实际上我发现做起来很容易。
考查it作为形式宾语的用法。 it可作为形式主语或是形式宾语,其后的不定式或从句为真正的主语或是宾语。此题中 it作found的形式宾语, to do为真正宾语, easy作为宾语补足语;另外,found的原形为find,find it+形容词+to do sth.意为“发现……是……的”,是固定句型。故选A 。
8.A
【详解】句意:我们计划这个周末去看望父母。
考查非谓语。plan to do sth“计划做某事”,空处用不定式形式,故选A。
9.A
【详解】句意:你离开时记得关灯。
考查非谓语动词。turn off关闭;remember to do sth记得去做某事(未做);remember doing sth记得做过某事(已做)。根据“Please remember … the lights before you leave.”可知,此处指未做的事,故选A。
10.C
【详解】句意:无论他在哪里,他的规矩是晚餐后去散步。
考查代词和非谓语动词。him他,人称代词宾格;it它,人称代词;go for a walk散步;根据“make”和“a rule ”可知此处指“把做某事作为一项规则”,表达为make it a rule to do sth,该结构中it 为形式宾语,动词不定式to do sth为真正的宾语。故选C。
11.A
【详解】句意:为了避免争吵,让你的朋友理解你是很重要的。
考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”,为固定短语。故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:暑假即将来临。我们的老师告诉我们不要去河里游泳。
考查非谓语动词。tell“告诉”,后跟动词不定式作其宾语补足语,而根据语境可知此处应是告诉不去游泳,在不定式前直接加not表示否定,故选C。
13.D
【详解】句意:——请你不要再让这孩子哭了好吗?——好的,我只是想让他别玩粉笔。
考查非谓语动词。would you please not do sth“请你不要做某事了好吗”,make sb do sth“让某人做某事”,故选D。
14.A
【详解】句意:这几天我回来的时候看见一个陌生人在我家附近走来走去。
考查非谓语动词。walk步行,动词原形;walking步行,现在分词;walked步行,过去分词。see sb doing表示看到某人正在做某事,强调事情正在发生;see sb do表示看到某人做了某事,强调动作的全过程。此句表示“我看到一个陌生人在我家附近走来走去”,强调动作的全过程,所以用see sb do。故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:——史密斯先生告诉他的儿子因为考试不要看足球比赛。——没错。
考查动词不定式的否定式。根据tell sb. (not) to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”可知,此空应填not to watch。故选A。
16.A
【详解】句意:中学教育的一个目标是培养学生自主学习的能力。
考查非谓语动词。let是使役动词,后接省略to的动词不定式作宾补,故选A。
17.D
【详解】句意:梦想充满力量,它能引导你更加努力地工作,变得比以前更好。
考查非谓语动词和比较级。worse更差的;better更好的。根据“they can lead you ... harder”可知,lead sb. to do sth.“引导某人做某事”,第一空用不定式形式;结合语境可知,梦想引领你变得更好,应用better。故选D。
18.B
【详解】句意:当陈还是一个孩子时,她的父母教她在冰上滑冰。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据“taught her”可知此处应用动词短语teach sb. to do sth.表示“教某人做某事”,故选B。
19.A
【详解】句意:——我的老师们不允许我带手机去学校。——这是校规,你必须遵守。
考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,此处用动词不定式to bring作宾语补足语。故选A。
20.B
【详解】句意:看那个标志“禁止游泳”,它警告我们不要在湖里游泳。
考查动词不定式的否定。表示“警告某人不要做某事”用warn sb. not to do;否定词not放在动词不定式的前面,此处用warn us not to swim。故选B。
21.C
【详解】句意:为了保护我们的眼睛,我们应该定期做眼保健操。
考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“...our eyes, we should do eye exercises regularly.”可知,我们定期做眼保健操是为了保护我们的眼睛,此处应用动词不定式to protect作目的状语。故选C。
22.A
【详解】句意:到目前为止,我们的政府已经采取了许多措施来处理能源短缺问题。
考查非谓语动词。deal with处理,动词短语;分析句子可知,此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
23.B
【详解】句意:我喜欢他因为他总是想尽办法把我最好的一面展现出来。
考查非谓语形式。根据“he always tries ...”可知“what he can think of”作“tries”的宾语,空格处用不定式表目的。故选B。
24.C
【详解】句意:我们应该尽我们所能帮助贫困地区的孩子。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选C。
25.C
【详解】句意:这个男子会不惜一切代价来救他的儿子,即使遇到了真正的麻烦。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The man will do anything”和“his son”可知,此处表示这个人为了救他的儿子可以做任何事,由于句子中已有谓语动词,故此处应用非谓语动词,由于这里表目的,故应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
26.D
【详解】句意:现在庆祝世界阅读日是为了提高人们对阅读的热爱。
考查非谓语动词。根据“World Reading Day is now celebrated”可知庆祝世界读书日目的是提高人们对阅读的热爱,用动词不定式to improve作目的状语。故选D。
27.C
【详解】句意:为了保持清醒,Cherry去洗手间用冷水洗脸。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Cherry went to the bathroom and washed her face with cold water”可知,用冷水洗脸的目的是为了保持清醒,用动词不定式表目的,故选C。
28.D
【详解】句意:中国正在努力提高人民生活水平,应对气候变化。
考查非谓语动词。improve提高,动词原形;improving现在分词或动名词;improved过去式;to improve动词不定式。根据“making great efforts”可知,make efforts to do sth.“尽力做某事”,故空格处应用to improve。故选D。
29.C
【详解】句意:为了让我能好好上网课,我父母给我买了一台新电脑。
考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
30.A
【详解】句意:彼得的妈妈每天早上早起为他做早餐。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选A。
31.A
【详解】句意:你很善良,为我考虑那么多。
考查特殊句型。根据题干,句子句型为“it is+adj+for/of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是怎样的”,其中介词的选择和形容词有关,形容词修饰人的性格特征和品质,用介词of,形容词形容事情,用介词for。kind“亲切的,善良的”是形容主语you的品格,介词用of,句子真正的主语是不定式。故选A。
32.C
【详解】句意:他们太穷了,不能为孩子们建一所新学校。我们必须帮助他们。
考查词义辨析。so...that如此……以致于,that后加句子;as...as像……一样;too...to太……而不能。根据“They are...poor...build a new school for the children.”可知,太穷了,以致于不能为孩子们建一所新学校。故选C。
33.D
【详解】句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,我们有必要在公共场所戴口罩。
考查固定句式。It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对某人来说,做某事是……的”,固定句式,动词不定式作真正的主语,it作形式主语,故选D。
34.D
【详解】句意:春天在泥泞的道路上行走很困难。
考查非谓语动词。固定句式:It is+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事是……的”,动词不定式作主语,it作形式主语,故选D。
35.B
【详解】句意:今天很热。我认为河里的水足够温暖,我们可以游泳。
考查enough后置和非谓语动词。enough修饰形容词或副词要后置,因此第一个空用warm enough“足够温暖”,排除选项CD。句型sth.+be+形容词+enough+for sb.+to do表示“对某人来说,某事足以……去做”,所以第二个空应该用动词不定式to swim。故选B。
36.C
【详解】句意:李华每天总是第一个来我们班。
考查非谓语动词。the first to do sth“第一个做某事”,故选C。
37.A
【详解】句意:艾米每天步行回家大约要花20分钟。
考查非谓语动词。固定句型It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.表示“某人花多少时间做某事”,排除B、C项;根据“home”是地点副词可知,前面不用介词to。故选A
38.D
【详解】句意:乘公共汽车到那儿要45分钟。
考查固定句型以及地点副词的用法。cost花费;take花费。固定句式:It takes sb+一段时间+to do sth表示“某人花费时间做某事”,动词不定式作主语,it作形式主语。there是地点副词,前不加任何介词,故选D。
39.C
【详解】句意:从家到学校骑自行车花费大约30分钟。
考查it固定句型。It takes some time to do sth.做某事花费多长时间。 It是形式主语,to do sth.是真正的主语。故选C。
40.B
【详解】句意:他每天花两个小时学习英语。
考查代词和动词不定式。It takes/took sb.+时间+ to do sth.是固定句型,意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故选B。
41.A
【详解】句意:——贝蒂,我英语不好。你能帮我一下吗?——当然。我会尽我所能帮助你提高英语。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选A。
42.A
【详解】句意:对残疾人来说,有谋生的能力是很重要的。
考查动词不定式作主语。it is adj. for sb. to do sth“做某事……”,动词不定式作主语,故选A。
43.C
【详解】句意:他们正在努力拯救老虎。
考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选C。
44.D
【详解】句意:无论是男运动员、女运动员还是志愿者,人们都用自己的技能和热情使2022年北京冬奥会取得了辉煌的成功。
考查非谓语动词。根据“people used their skills and warmth…the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics a shining success.”可知,人们用自己的技能和热情的目的是让2022北京冬奥会取得成功,此处为不定式表目的。故选D。
45.C
【详解】句意:互联网使农民能够在全国各地销售水果和蔬菜。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语enable sb to do sth“使某人能做某事”。故选C。
46.D
【详解】句意:好消息来了,中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空去探索未知的世界。
考查非谓语动词。explore探索,动词原形;explored探索,动词过去式或过去分词;exploring探索,动名词或现在分词;to explore探索,动词不定式。根据“China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space”和“the unknown world”可知,中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空,其目的是探索未知的世界,动词不定式表目的。故选D。
47.B
【详解】句意:我们应该有健康的饮食、适当的锻炼和充足的睡眠来保持健康。
考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作目的状语,健康的饮食、适当的锻炼和充足的睡眠是为了保持健康。故选B。
48.A
【详解】句意:为了避免交通拥挤,请早点起床出发。
考查非谓语动词。根据“heavy traffic, please get up and set out early”可知,早点起床出发的目的是为了避免交通拥挤,用动词不定式表目的,故选A。
49.C
【详解】句意:如果我们每个人都努力去做些有意义的事,我们的社会会越变越好。
考查动词不定式作目的状语。to lose失去,动词不定式的一般式;to be lost迷失,动词不定式的一般式;to do做,动词不定式的一般式;to be done被做,动词不定式的被动式。make efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”,do something meaningful表示“做一些有意义的事情”。故选C。
50.B
【详解】句意:——Tom,你觉得阅读重要吗?——是的。所以我决定从现在开始花更多时间来阅读。
考查动词不定式作宾语。spend花费,动词原形;to spend花费,动词不定式;spending花费,动名词或现在分词。decide to do sth表示“决定做某事”,因此空格处应填动词不定式,在句中作宾语。故选B。
51.D
【详解】句意:我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”,故选D。
52.D
【详解】句意:——安全第一! 每个人都应该阻止孩子们在湖里或河里游泳。——生命是宝贵的。 孩子们必须记住遵守校规。
考查非谓语动词。stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”,动名词作宾语,排除AB;remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”,remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”;根据“Kids must remember...the school rules”可知是记得要遵守规则,故此处用动词不定式作宾语,排除C。故选D。
53.C
【详解】句意:爸爸,我该如何预防新冠病毒?——为了保持健康,你应该经常戴口罩,经常洗手。
考查非谓语动词。空处是动词不定式做目的状语。故选C。
54.B
【详解】句意:这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。
考查非谓语。结合“invited a famous scientist”可知,此处是invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”,空处用不定式作宾补,故选B。
55.B
【详解】句意:——我经常看电视上的脱口秀。——我喜欢看新闻。我希望了解世界各地发生了什么。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”,故选B。
56.D
【详解】句意:我们的老师经常告诉我们当交通灯是红色的时候不要过马路。
考查非谓语动词。tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人(不)要做某事”,固定短语;此处指“告诉我们红灯时不要过马路”。故选D。
57.C
【详解】句意:——艾米,出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。——别担心,妈妈。我会的。
考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”;forget doing sth“忘记做过某事”。根据“don’t forget...your mask (口罩) when you go out”可知,提醒不要忘记戴口罩,故选C。
58.B
【详解】句意:青少年经常听流行音乐来放松。
考查词义辨析。relax动词,放松;to relax动词不定式;relaxing形容词,令人放松的;relaxed形容词,感到放松的。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式。故选B。
59.A
【详解】句意:南希不知道新学校的任何人,因此她决定参加课后俱乐部去交一些新朋友。
考查非谓语动词。根据“some new friends”可知,用动词不定式表达目的是“为了交新朋友”,用“to meet”。故选A。
60.B
【详解】句意:——我们应该尽我们所能防止病毒的传播。——你说得对。我们可以经常洗手和戴口罩。
考查非谓语。空处表示目的,表示“为了防止病毒的传播”,应用不定式作目的状语,故选B。
61.A
【详解】句意:——我们在网上购物很方便。——确实。
考查It的固定句型。此处是“It is+adj+for/of sb to do sth”句型,此处convenient修饰其后的事情,介词用for;不定式在句中作真正的主语。故选A。
62.C
【详解】句意:许多人因为战争失去了家园。 对人们来说,拥有一个和平的世界很重要。
考查非谓语动词。此处是结构“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”,意为“做某事对某人是……的”,动词不定式作真正的主语,此处应用动词不定式的一般式。故选C。
63.A
【详解】句意:——下周有数学考试。我们需要熬夜学习吗?——我觉得我们没有必要那么做。认真听老师讲课最重要。
考查非谓语动词和介词。第一空根据“Do we need”以及“up late to study”可知,考查need to do sth意为“需要做某事”。第二空根据句型there is no need for sb to do sth意为“对某人来说做某事没必要”。且介词for本身就有“对……来讲”的意思。故选A。
64.A
【详解】句意:打扰一下,你可以告诉我做什么吗?
考查疑问词+不定式结构。分析结构可知,空处作宾语,如果填一个句子,要用陈述语序,排除B选项。C选项的do后缺少宾语,排除C,故选A。
65.B
【详解】句意:——你想做什么来放松自己?——我更喜欢打篮球而不是玩电脑游戏。
考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,固定搭配,所以第一空填to play,第二空填play,故选B。
66.C
【详解】句意:我们缺乏饮用水,所以有必要采取措施来解决它。
考查不定式。根据前文“We are short of drinking water”可知,此处是采取措施是为了解决问题,take measures to do sth“采取措施做某事”,表示目的,故选C。
67.C
【详解】句意:我桌上的座右铭经常提醒我要充分发挥我的天赋和能力,为了我的梦想而奋斗。
考查动词短语。remind sb of sth提醒某人做某事(暗示动作尚已发生);remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事(暗示动作尚未发生)。根据“reminds me ...my talents and abilities to the full and struggle(奋斗) for my dream”可知,“充分发挥我的天赋和能力,为了我的梦想而奋斗”是要做的事情,动作还未发生。故选C。
68.B
【详解】句意:玛丽英语有点差。我想她需要每天练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。need to do sth.“需要做某事”;practise doing sth“练习做某事”。故选B。
69.C
【详解】句意:——发生了什么事?——在外面玩的男孩们太吵了。请帮我关上窗户。
考查非谓语动词。第一空“The boys”和“play”构成逻辑上的主谓关系,“play”需要用现在分词作后置定语来修饰“The boys”,即playing;help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”,第二空应填动词不定式作宾语补足语,即(to) close。故选C。
70.B
【详解】句意:我已经告诉他了,但是他还是不清楚接下来要做什么。
考查疑问词辨析。whether是否;what什么;how怎样。根据空后关键词do可知应用what代指其内容,what to do next意为“接下来要做什么”。what to do并不是一个句子,而只是一个名词性成分,是“疑问词+不定式”结构,疑问词what是不定式中动词do逻辑上的宾语。故选B。
71.B
【详解】句意:——我不知道如何记住新的英语单词。——不要担心!试着想想他们的发音。
考查词义辨析。what什么;how怎样;where哪里;when何时。根据“remember the new English words”及“Try thinking about their pronunciations”可知,不知道如何记住生词,故选B。
72.C
【详解】句意:——放学后我经常看到大卫打篮球。——是的,放学后经常看到他打篮球。
考查非谓语动词。be seen to do sth“被看到做某事”,故选C。
73.C
【详解】句意:当我们在操场上跑步时,杰克突然停止了奔跑,倒在地上,所以我们都停下来看看他怎么了。
考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth停止正在做的事情;stop to do sth停下来去做某事。根据“Jack suddenly stopped … and fell on the ground”可知,停止跑步并倒在地上,所以第一空填running。根据“so we all stopped …what was wrong with him”可知,停下来去看看怎么了,所以第二空填to see,故选C。
74.C
【详解】句意:她足够富裕买得起这所昂贵的房子。
考查enough的位置和不定式作结果状语。根据“She is ... afford the expensive house.”可知,此处表示她很富有,买得起那所昂贵的房子;空后为动词原形,故不能用so...that,排除B选项;再根据enough修饰形容词时要后置可知,A选项表述有误;too...to“太……而不能……”,通常表示否定含义,不符合句意,排除D选项。故选C。
75.B
【详解】句意:志愿者主动为需要帮助的乘客提箱子。
勤思笃学
2023 中考英语 讲通练透
考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth“主动提出做某事”,故选B。