2023年高三高考英语外刊阅读理解训练改编自The benefits of cold water swimming——冷水游泳的益处（含答案）
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23年高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——冷水游泳的益处
——改编自The benefits of cold water swimming
Swimming is well known to offer many health benefits, including building endurance, muscle strength, and improving cardiovascular fitness. But what about swimming in icy cold water This might not sound very appealing, but there's evidence that it can actually be good for us.
Cold-water swimming is also called wild swimming, where people swim in natural bodies of water such as ponds, rivers, and the sea. Although jumping in might give a quick shock to the body, many enthusiasts claim they get used to it over time. In fact, research has found it to have many physical and mental benefits.
Apart from being a great way to exercise, spending time in the outdoors and near water can improve overall wellbeing. There's plenty of anecdotal evidence suggesting that cold-water swimming has cured certain ailments, ranging from pain relief to an overall sense of feeling amazing.
One reason why getting into cold water might be beneficial is that it evokes a stress response in the body. The more people do it, the better their reaction to stress becomes. It's also believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. Additionally, experts believe that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for other forms of stress by adapting to similar stressors. For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high altitudes.
People who want to try cold-water swimming should approach it with caution, swim with a friend if possible, and start during the summer when the temperatures are warmer. It might not be for everyone, but for those willing to take the plunge, the extra health benefits might be worth it.
【重点词汇】
1. swimming /'sw m / (n.) 游泳
2. offer /' f r/ (v.) 提供
3. health /helθ/ (adj.) 健康的
4. benefit /'ben f t/ (n.) 好处，益处
5. endurance / n'dj r ns/ (n.) 持久力，耐力
6. muscle /'m sl/ (n.) 肌肉
7. strength /strenθ/ (n.) 力量，实力
8. improve / m'pru v/ (v.) 改善，提高
9. cardiovascular /,kɑrdi 'v skjul (r)/ (adj.) 心血管的
10. fitness /'f tn s/ (n.) 健身
11. icy /'a si/ (adj.) 冰冷的
12. wild /wa ld/ (adj.) 野生的
13. natural /'n t r l/ (adj.) 自然的
14. pond /p nd/ (n.) 池塘，小湖
15. river /'r v (r)/ (n.) 河流
16. sea /si / (n.) 海洋
17. enthusiast / n'tju zi st/ (n.) 热爱者
18. claim /kle m/ (v.) 声称，断言
19. physical /'f z k( )l/ (adj.) 身体的，物理的
20. mental /'mentl/ (adj.) 精神的
21. exercise /'eks sa z/ (n.) 锻炼
22. outdoor /'a td (r)/ (adj.) 户外的
23. wellbeing / wel bi / (n.) 健康，福利
24. anecdotal /, n k'd tl/ (adj.) 轶事的，趣闻的
25. cure /kj (r)/ (v.) 治愈，治疗
26. ailment /'e lm nt/ (n.) 小病，不适
27. pain relief /pe n r li f/ 缓解疼痛
28. sense /sens/ (n.) 感觉，感受
29. evokes / 'v ks/ (v.) 唤起，引起
30. stress response /stres r 'sp ns/ 压力反应
31. inflammation /, nfl 'me ( )n/ (n.) 炎症
32. anti-inflammatory / nt n'fl m t( )r / (adj.) 抗炎的
33. prepare /pr pe (r)/ (v.) 准备，预备
34. adapt / 'd pt/ (v.) 适应，调整
35. stressors / stres z/ (n.) 压力因素
36. exercising /'eks sa z / (n.) 锻炼身体
37. altitude /' lt tju d/ (n.) 高度
38. cautious /'k s/ (adj.) 谨慎的，小心的
39. approach / 'pr t / (v.) 接近，靠近
40. friend /frend/ (n.) 朋友
41. temperature /'tempr tj (r)/ (n.) 温度
42. willing /'w l / (adj.) 愿意的，乐意的
43. plunge /pl nd / (v.) 投入，跳水
44. extra /'ekstr / (adj.) 额外的，附加的
45. overall / v r l/ (adj.) 总的，全面的
46. worth it /w θ/ (v. phr.) 值得的
47. body /'b di/ (n.) 身体
48. reaction /ri' k ( )n/ (n.) 反应，作用
49. better /'bet (r)/ (adj.) 更好的，更佳的
50. similar /'s m l (r)/ (adj.) 类似的，相似的
【阅读理解练习题】
1. What is cold-water swimming also called
A. Natural swimming
B. Wild swimming
C. Freezing swimming
D. Icy swimming
答案：B 难度：简单 解析：第二段提到，冷水游泳也称为野外游泳。
2. Why is getting into cold water believed to be beneficial
A. It reduces the body's reaction to stress.
B. It has a calming effect on the mind.
C. It helps people feel less pain.
D. It has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body.
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：第四段提到，冷水游泳被认为可以帮助身体消炎。因此选D。
3. What are some physical benefits of cold-water swimming according to the passage
A. Increased muscle flexibility
B. Improved joint mobility
C. Greater lung capacity
D. Building endurance and muscle strength
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：第一段提到，游泳本身有助于增强耐力、肌肉力量和改善心血管健康等许多健康益处。因此选D。
4. According to the passage, when is the best time for beginners to try cold-water swimming
A. In the early morning
B. During a heatwave
C. During the winter months
D. During the summer months
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：最后一句话提到初学者应该在夏天尝试，因为这个季节温度更高。因此选D。
5. What is an anecdotal evidence about cold-water swimming
A. It has been proven to cure many illnesses.
B. People feel amazing after doing cold-water swimming.
C. It can be dangerous and should not be attempted.
D. Doctors recommend cold-water swimming for everyone.
答案：B 难度：简单 解析：第三段提到，有很多口头证据表明冷水游泳可以治愈某些疾病，并使人感觉不错。因此选B。
6. How do experts think that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for stress
A. By reducing inflammation in the body
B. By helping the body adapt to similar stressors
C. By increasing lung capacity
D. By building muscle strength
答案：B 难度：中等 解析：根据第四段，专家认为冷水游泳通过帮助身体适应类似的压力因素来预备身体承受压力。因此选B。
7. What is important to keep in mind when trying cold-water swimming, according to the passage
A. Swimming alone is recommended.
B. Beginning during winter is better.
C. Being cautious is necessary.
D. Warm clothing is essential.
答案：C 难度：简单 解析：最后一段提到，尝试冷水游泳时应谨慎，在可能的情况下与朋友一起游泳，而且初学者应该在温度较高的夏季开始尝试。因此选C。
8. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Cold-water swimming can be harmful to physical and mental health
B. Swimming in natural bodies of water has many benefits over swimming in pools
C. Cold-water swimming has many physical and mental benefits
D. People should be careful when trying any form of exercise
答案：C 难度：简单 解析：通读全文，文章旨在介绍冷水游泳（野外游泳）可能带来的身体和心理效益，因此答案选C。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
众所周知，游泳对健康有很多好处，包括增强耐力、肌肉力量和改善心血管健康。
Swimming is well known to offer many health benefits, including building endurance, muscle strength, and improving cardiovascular fitness.
但是在冰冷的水中游泳呢
But what about swimming in icy cold water
这听起来可能不太吸引人，但有证据表明它实际上对我们有好处。
This might not sound very appealing, but there's evidence that it can actually be good for us.
冷水游泳也被称为野生游泳，人们在池塘、河流和海洋等自然水体中游泳。
Cold-water swimming is also called wild swimming, where people swim in natural bodies of water such as ponds, rivers, and the sea.
虽然跳入水中可能会对身体造成快速冲击，但许多爱好者称，他们会慢慢习惯。
Although jumping in might give a quick shock to the body, many enthusiasts claim they get used to it over time.
事实上，研究发现它对身体和精神都有很多好处。
In fact, research has found it to have many physical and mental benefits.
除了是一种很好的锻炼方式，花时间在户外和靠近水的地方可以改善整体健康。
Apart from being a great way to exercise, spending time in the outdoors and near water can improve overall wellbeing.
有很多轶事证据表明，冷水游泳可以治愈某些疾病，从缓解疼痛到整体感觉极佳。
There's plenty of anecdotal evidence suggesting that cold-water swimming has cured certain ailments, ranging from pain relief to an overall sense of feeling amazing.
进入冷水可能有益的一个原因是它能唤起身体的应激反应。
One reason why getting into cold water might be beneficial is that it evokes a stress response in the body.
人们做得越多，他们对压力的反应就越好。
The more people do it, the better their reaction to stress becomes.
它还被认为对身体有消炎作用。
It's also believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body.
此外，专家认为，冷水游泳通过适应类似的压力源，可以帮助身体为其他形式的压力做好准备。
Additionally, experts believe that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for other forms of stress by adapting to similar stressors.
例如，它还有助于减少在高海拔地区运动的压力。
For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high altitudes.
想尝试冷水游泳的人应该谨慎接近，如果可能的话和朋友一起游泳，并在夏季温度较暖和的时候开始。
People who want to try cold-water swimming should approach it with caution, swim with a friend if possible, and start during the summer when the temperatures are warmer.
这可能并不适合所有人，但对于那些愿意冒险的人来说，额外的健康益处可能是值得的。
It might not be for everyone, but for those willing to take the plunge, the extra health benefits might be worth it.
——改编自The benefits of cold water swimming
Swimming is well known to offer many health benefits, including building endurance, muscle strength, and improving cardiovascular fitness. But what about swimming in icy cold water This might not sound very appealing, but there's evidence that it can actually be good for us.
Cold-water swimming is also called wild swimming, where people swim in natural bodies of water such as ponds, rivers, and the sea. Although jumping in might give a quick shock to the body, many enthusiasts claim they get used to it over time. In fact, research has found it to have many physical and mental benefits.
Apart from being a great way to exercise, spending time in the outdoors and near water can improve overall wellbeing. There's plenty of anecdotal evidence suggesting that cold-water swimming has cured certain ailments, ranging from pain relief to an overall sense of feeling amazing.
One reason why getting into cold water might be beneficial is that it evokes a stress response in the body. The more people do it, the better their reaction to stress becomes. It's also believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. Additionally, experts believe that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for other forms of stress by adapting to similar stressors. For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high altitudes.
People who want to try cold-water swimming should approach it with caution, swim with a friend if possible, and start during the summer when the temperatures are warmer. It might not be for everyone, but for those willing to take the plunge, the extra health benefits might be worth it.
【重点词汇】
1. swimming /'sw m / (n.) 游泳
2. offer /' f r/ (v.) 提供
3. health /helθ/ (adj.) 健康的
4. benefit /'ben f t/ (n.) 好处，益处
5. endurance / n'dj r ns/ (n.) 持久力，耐力
6. muscle /'m sl/ (n.) 肌肉
7. strength /strenθ/ (n.) 力量，实力
8. improve / m'pru v/ (v.) 改善，提高
9. cardiovascular /,kɑrdi 'v skjul (r)/ (adj.) 心血管的
10. fitness /'f tn s/ (n.) 健身
11. icy /'a si/ (adj.) 冰冷的
12. wild /wa ld/ (adj.) 野生的
13. natural /'n t r l/ (adj.) 自然的
14. pond /p nd/ (n.) 池塘，小湖
15. river /'r v (r)/ (n.) 河流
16. sea /si / (n.) 海洋
17. enthusiast / n'tju zi st/ (n.) 热爱者
18. claim /kle m/ (v.) 声称，断言
19. physical /'f z k( )l/ (adj.) 身体的，物理的
20. mental /'mentl/ (adj.) 精神的
21. exercise /'eks sa z/ (n.) 锻炼
22. outdoor /'a td (r)/ (adj.) 户外的
23. wellbeing / wel bi / (n.) 健康，福利
24. anecdotal /, n k'd tl/ (adj.) 轶事的，趣闻的
25. cure /kj (r)/ (v.) 治愈，治疗
26. ailment /'e lm nt/ (n.) 小病，不适
27. pain relief /pe n r li f/ 缓解疼痛
28. sense /sens/ (n.) 感觉，感受
29. evokes / 'v ks/ (v.) 唤起，引起
30. stress response /stres r 'sp ns/ 压力反应
31. inflammation /, nfl 'me ( )n/ (n.) 炎症
32. anti-inflammatory / nt n'fl m t( )r / (adj.) 抗炎的
33. prepare /pr pe (r)/ (v.) 准备，预备
34. adapt / 'd pt/ (v.) 适应，调整
35. stressors / stres z/ (n.) 压力因素
36. exercising /'eks sa z / (n.) 锻炼身体
37. altitude /' lt tju d/ (n.) 高度
38. cautious /'k s/ (adj.) 谨慎的，小心的
39. approach / 'pr t / (v.) 接近，靠近
40. friend /frend/ (n.) 朋友
41. temperature /'tempr tj (r)/ (n.) 温度
42. willing /'w l / (adj.) 愿意的，乐意的
43. plunge /pl nd / (v.) 投入，跳水
44. extra /'ekstr / (adj.) 额外的，附加的
45. overall / v r l/ (adj.) 总的，全面的
46. worth it /w θ/ (v. phr.) 值得的
47. body /'b di/ (n.) 身体
48. reaction /ri' k ( )n/ (n.) 反应，作用
49. better /'bet (r)/ (adj.) 更好的，更佳的
50. similar /'s m l (r)/ (adj.) 类似的，相似的
【阅读理解练习题】
1. What is cold-water swimming also called
A. Natural swimming
B. Wild swimming
C. Freezing swimming
D. Icy swimming
答案：B 难度：简单 解析：第二段提到，冷水游泳也称为野外游泳。
2. Why is getting into cold water believed to be beneficial
A. It reduces the body's reaction to stress.
B. It has a calming effect on the mind.
C. It helps people feel less pain.
D. It has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body.
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：第四段提到，冷水游泳被认为可以帮助身体消炎。因此选D。
3. What are some physical benefits of cold-water swimming according to the passage
A. Increased muscle flexibility
B. Improved joint mobility
C. Greater lung capacity
D. Building endurance and muscle strength
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：第一段提到，游泳本身有助于增强耐力、肌肉力量和改善心血管健康等许多健康益处。因此选D。
4. According to the passage, when is the best time for beginners to try cold-water swimming
A. In the early morning
B. During a heatwave
C. During the winter months
D. During the summer months
答案：D 难度：简单 解析：最后一句话提到初学者应该在夏天尝试，因为这个季节温度更高。因此选D。
5. What is an anecdotal evidence about cold-water swimming
A. It has been proven to cure many illnesses.
B. People feel amazing after doing cold-water swimming.
C. It can be dangerous and should not be attempted.
D. Doctors recommend cold-water swimming for everyone.
答案：B 难度：简单 解析：第三段提到，有很多口头证据表明冷水游泳可以治愈某些疾病，并使人感觉不错。因此选B。
6. How do experts think that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for stress
A. By reducing inflammation in the body
B. By helping the body adapt to similar stressors
C. By increasing lung capacity
D. By building muscle strength
答案：B 难度：中等 解析：根据第四段，专家认为冷水游泳通过帮助身体适应类似的压力因素来预备身体承受压力。因此选B。
7. What is important to keep in mind when trying cold-water swimming, according to the passage
A. Swimming alone is recommended.
B. Beginning during winter is better.
C. Being cautious is necessary.
D. Warm clothing is essential.
答案：C 难度：简单 解析：最后一段提到，尝试冷水游泳时应谨慎，在可能的情况下与朋友一起游泳，而且初学者应该在温度较高的夏季开始尝试。因此选C。
8. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Cold-water swimming can be harmful to physical and mental health
B. Swimming in natural bodies of water has many benefits over swimming in pools
C. Cold-water swimming has many physical and mental benefits
D. People should be careful when trying any form of exercise
答案：C 难度：简单 解析：通读全文，文章旨在介绍冷水游泳（野外游泳）可能带来的身体和心理效益，因此答案选C。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
众所周知，游泳对健康有很多好处，包括增强耐力、肌肉力量和改善心血管健康。
Swimming is well known to offer many health benefits, including building endurance, muscle strength, and improving cardiovascular fitness.
但是在冰冷的水中游泳呢
But what about swimming in icy cold water
这听起来可能不太吸引人，但有证据表明它实际上对我们有好处。
This might not sound very appealing, but there's evidence that it can actually be good for us.
冷水游泳也被称为野生游泳，人们在池塘、河流和海洋等自然水体中游泳。
Cold-water swimming is also called wild swimming, where people swim in natural bodies of water such as ponds, rivers, and the sea.
虽然跳入水中可能会对身体造成快速冲击，但许多爱好者称，他们会慢慢习惯。
Although jumping in might give a quick shock to the body, many enthusiasts claim they get used to it over time.
事实上，研究发现它对身体和精神都有很多好处。
In fact, research has found it to have many physical and mental benefits.
除了是一种很好的锻炼方式，花时间在户外和靠近水的地方可以改善整体健康。
Apart from being a great way to exercise, spending time in the outdoors and near water can improve overall wellbeing.
有很多轶事证据表明，冷水游泳可以治愈某些疾病，从缓解疼痛到整体感觉极佳。
There's plenty of anecdotal evidence suggesting that cold-water swimming has cured certain ailments, ranging from pain relief to an overall sense of feeling amazing.
进入冷水可能有益的一个原因是它能唤起身体的应激反应。
One reason why getting into cold water might be beneficial is that it evokes a stress response in the body.
人们做得越多，他们对压力的反应就越好。
The more people do it, the better their reaction to stress becomes.
它还被认为对身体有消炎作用。
It's also believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body.
此外，专家认为，冷水游泳通过适应类似的压力源，可以帮助身体为其他形式的压力做好准备。
Additionally, experts believe that cold-water swimming helps the body prepare for other forms of stress by adapting to similar stressors.
例如，它还有助于减少在高海拔地区运动的压力。
For example, it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high altitudes.
想尝试冷水游泳的人应该谨慎接近，如果可能的话和朋友一起游泳，并在夏季温度较暖和的时候开始。
People who want to try cold-water swimming should approach it with caution, swim with a friend if possible, and start during the summer when the temperatures are warmer.
这可能并不适合所有人，但对于那些愿意冒险的人来说，额外的健康益处可能是值得的。
It might not be for everyone, but for those willing to take the plunge, the extra health benefits might be worth it.