2022湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试
英语
第一部分 阅读技能（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题3分, 满分36分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
New apps provide more sources of information and bring convenience. Here are some of the newest free apps. If you are interested, download them to your smartphone!
iEDU It allows students to search for iEDU advising center information, where you can discover new educational information, aid, opportunities and advice. Indie Shuffle It allows you to look through lesser-known artists’ music. You can save songs or artists you like and find bands with similar sounds.
BrainPOP BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It is free and teaches you something new in English every day. Todoist It is a time saver, an app helping you manage your time, add a task and even assign tasks to other people who need a quick reminder!
1. Who is iEDU mainly intended for
A. Workers. B. Doctors. C. Students. D. Drivers.
2. What will you choose to download if you are a music lover
A. iEDU. B. Indie Shuffle. C. BrainPOP. D. Todoist.
3. BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a(n) _______ way.
A. interesting B. boring C. difficult D. cheap
4. Todoist can help you do the following things EXCEPT ________.
A. add a task B. manage your time
C. assign tasks to others D. teach you English
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四款应用程序以及其各自的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分介绍“It allows students to search for iEDU advising center information, where you can discover new educational information, aid, opportunities and advice. (它允许学生搜索iEDU咨询中心信息，在那里你可以发现新的教育信息、援助、机会和建议)”可知，iEDU主要面向学生。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部分介绍“It allows you to look through lesser-known artists’ music. You can save songs or artists you like and find bands with similar sounds. (它允许你浏览不太知名的艺术家的音乐。你可以保存你喜欢的歌曲或艺术家，并找到声音相似的乐队)”可知，如果你是一个音乐爱好者，你会选择下载Indie Shuffle。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段部分“BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. (BrainPOP以一种有趣而简单的方式将学习和技术结合在一起)”可知，BrainPOP以一种有趣的的方式将学习和技术结合起来。故选A。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四部分“It is a time saver, an app helping you manage your time, add a task and even assign tasks to other people who need a quick reminder! (这是一个节省时间的应用程序，可以帮助您管理时间，添加任务，甚至分配任务给需要快速提醒的其他人！)”可知，Todoist不能教你英语。故选D。
B
It was about ten years ago on a cold winter day. I was walking over to visit my dad when it began raining heavily. Although his house was only a short walk from mine, I was wet all over and it chilled (使冰冷) my bones. I knocked on his door and stepped in. Warm steam was floating from the kitchen. It touched my nose, and suddenly, I was 8 years old again. Dad was making Nana’s special sauce.
When I was growing up, Nana would make us an Italian feast every Sunday. She would slowly cook her spaghetti (意大利面) sauce for hours. Then she would drop in potatoes, chicken, meatballs, sausage and sometimes even steak. When it was done, we would mix it in the spaghetti, fix the plates and sprinkle(洒) it on the cheese. It always left our bellies full, our hearts happy and the house smelling heavenly.
I sat down while Dad made me a plate. It felt so good having a meal like we used to when I was a boy. We talked about those old times, my warm-hearted aunt and laughed over the memories, both good and bad. I didn’t feel cold any more.
Dad and Nana have been gone for years now. I still miss them both every single day. Although my daughter and I both know how to make Nana’s special sauce, we don’t cook it as often as we could. Maybe it is because no matter how hard I try, I can never get it 100 percent right. Maybe it was just the love with which Nana and Dad cooked it that made it so delicious. Either way, this winter, I’m going to make some again.
5. How was the author feeling on his way to his father’s house
A. Excited. B. Cold. C. Tired. D. Warm.
6. What can we learn about the Italian feast when the author was growing up
A. It was nice and delicious. B. He had to make it by himself.
C. The spaghetti was mixed with everything. D. He never felt full after it.
7. Nana was most probably the author’s _________.
A. sister B. wife C. aunt D. daughter
8. What is the best title for the passage
A. A Travel in Winter B. My Cooking Experience
C. Nana and My Dad D. Special Sauce with Love
【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆小时候阿姨给自己煮意大利大餐，让作者充满温暖，作者自己无法做出那种酱汁，认为是爸爸和阿姨对它的爱让它变得如此美味。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It was about ten years ago on a cold winter day. I was walking over to visit my dad when it began raining heavily. Although his house was only a short walk from mine, I was wet all over and it chilled (使冰冷) my bones.(那是大约十年前的一个寒冷的冬日。我正走过去看爸爸，突然下起了大雨。虽然他家离我家只有几步路，我却浑身湿透，浑身冰凉)”可知，作者在去他父亲家的路上感觉寒冷。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It always left our bellies full, our hearts happy and the house smelling heavenly.(它总是让我们吃得饱饱的，我们的心快乐，房子里充满了天堂般的味道)”可知，作者成长时期的意大利大餐很好吃。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I was growing up, Nana would make us an Italian feast every Sunday. She would slowly cook her spaghetti (意大利面) sauce for hours.(在我小时候，Nana每个星期天都会给我们做一顿意大利大餐。她会把意大利面酱慢慢煮上几个小时)”以及倒数第二段“We talked about those old times, my warm-hearted aunt and laughed over the memories, both good and bad.(我们聊起了那些旧时光，我那热心肠的阿姨，笑着回忆起那些美好和糟糕的回忆)”可知，Nana很可能是作者的阿姨。故选C。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Maybe it was just the love with which Nana and Dad cooked it that made it so delicious. Either way, this winter, I’m going to make some again.(也许是因为无论我多么努力，我都不可能做到百分百正确。也许是爸爸和奶奶对它的爱让它变得如此美味。不管怎样，这个冬天，我要再做一些)”结合文章主要讲述了作者回忆小时候阿姨给自己煮意大利大餐，让作者充满温暖，作者自己无法做出那种酱汁，认为是爸爸和阿姨对它的爱让它变得如此美味。可知，D选项“爱的特别酱汁”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with no warning. They move quickly, pull trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and hurt people.
Being caught in a flood is dangerous, not only because there is so much water and it’s moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris (残骸) in the current can injure anyone in the floodwater, making swimming more difficult. To survive a flash flood, keep the following things in your mind.
If a flood warning is issued, try to find a shelter immediately. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters.
Avoid bridges that cross rapidly moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to break.
Stay inside a car that is trapped in fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it.
Avoid power lines. A knocked-down power line can cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to injury
Listen to the broadcast for further instructions before getting away from the flood successfully.
The results of a flood can be just as deadly. It can cause power failure and traffic jams, and break down communication. In addition, it may not be possible to deliver food and water to the flooded area. After the flood, return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe to do so. Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. And avoid driving through flooded areas and walking alone outside at night.
9. When a flash flood happens, you should _______.
A. try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters
B. choose the bridges that cross rapidly moving water
C. get out of a car that is trapped in fast-moving water
D. avoid power lines
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A. The car. B. The bridge.
C. The house. D. The power line.
11. After the flood, it is safe to _____.
A. go back to your home quickly B. use bottled or boiled water
C. drive through flooded areas D. walk alone outside at night
12. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A diary. B. A story book.
C. A newspaper. D. A travel guidebook.
【答案】9 D 10. A 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段的“ Avoid power (避开电源)”可知，当发生洪灾时我们应该避开电线。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it.(只有在水开始淹没汽车时才能出来，然后移动到车顶)”可知，it指代上文提到的“the car”。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. (饮用和烹饪时使用瓶装水或开水)”可知，洪水过后应该使用瓶装水或开水。故选B。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。由此推知，文章很有可能出自新闻报纸。故选C。
第二节 小标题填空（共3小题：每小题3分，满分9分）
下面文章中有3处（第13~15题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑，选项中有一项是多余选项。
Proper Ways to Stay Happy
Happiness can seem really hard to find, especially given the uncertainty (变化无常) in our world right now. However, the key to staying happy often lies in your thoughts, decisions and daily habits.
____13____
Take notice of all the people who appear in your life. Ask yourself whether these people really make you happy. If you stay with loving and positive people, you will likely have great fun.
Spend time pursuing your passion.
Think about what really makes you happy. Do your best to measure out some time in your schedule for these interests. If you spend your time doing things you enjoy, you will experience a lot more happiness in the long run.
____14____
Search online for volunteer opportunities in your area. Look for charities and organizations that support causes you believe in. If you donate your time and money to helping others, you can feel more than happy that you have made a difference.
____15____
Take a few minutes each day to get in workout, whether it’s running, swimming or jogging. When you do sports, your brain releases (释放) several chemicals, leaving you feeling happy. The more regular exercise you take, the happier person you will find yourself.
A. Exercise on a regular basis.
B. Stay out if you are feeling stressed.
C. Spend your free time helping others.
D. Surround yourself with caring and loving people.
【答案】13. D 14. C
15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了几种保持健康的方法。
【13题详解】
根据本段内容“Take notice of all the people who appear in your life. Ask yourself whether these people really make you happy. If you stay with loving and positive people, you will likely have great fun. (注意所有出现在你生活中的人。问问你自己，这些人是否真的能让你快乐。如果你和有爱心和积极的人在一起，你可能会有很大的乐趣)”可知，后文提到和有爱心和积极的人在一起，loving and positive people对应D选项中caring and loving people。故D选项“让自己周围都是有爱心的人。”符合语境，故选D。
【14题详解】
根据本段内容“Search online for volunteer opportunities in your area. Look for charities and organizations that support causes you believe in. If you donate your time and money to helping others, you can feel more than happy that you have made a difference. (在网上搜索你所在地区的志愿者机会。寻找那些支持你所信仰事业的慈善机构和组织。如果你贡献你的时间和金钱来帮助别人，你会感到非常高兴，因为你已经有所作为)”可知，本段主要关于利用时间去帮助别人，故C选项“利用你的空闲时间帮助别人。”符合语境，故选C。
【15题详解】
根据本段内容“Take a few minutes each day to get in workout, whether it’s running, swimming or jogging. When you do sports, your brain releases (释放) several chemicals, leaving you feeling happy. The more regular exercise you take, the happier person you will find yourself. (每天花几分钟进行锻炼，无论是跑步、游泳还是慢跑。当你做运动时，你的大脑会释放出几种化学物质，让你感到快乐。你锻炼得越有规律，你就会发现自己越快乐)”可知，本段的建议是定期锻炼，A选项Exercise对应后文workout。故A选项“定期锻炼”符合语境，故选A。
第二部分 知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Jennifer Jones, a teenage girl, told friends in her morning PE lesson that she was feeling unwell. She then passed out and was rushed to ___16___.
Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was ___17___ immediately by doctors. Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter ___18___ breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before. Actually, Jennifer had not eaten breakfast for months because she thought skipping meals was a simple way to reach her target ___19___. Therefore, she always had trouble concentrating in class. ___20___, she is now out of danger.
Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits. Nowadays, being thin is often seen as being beautiful, ___21___ teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to ___22___ quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students’ lifestyles, almost 20% of teenagers regularly skip meals, 10% over-exercise and 4% even ___23___ weight-loss medicine. Health experts are concerned about these figures. Also, they point out that it is important to have a healthy balanced ___24___ since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay ___25___ and healthy.
16. A. hospital B. school C. church D. gym
17. A. praised B. treated C. punished D. taught
18. A. enjoyed B. shared C. missed D. prepared
19. A. height B. width C. weight D. length
20. A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Regretfully D. Fortunately
21. A. so B. because C. but D. if
22. A. slim down B. break down C. show up D. make up
23. A. avoid B. sell C. make D. take
24. A. sleep B. diet C. time D. speed
25. A. tired B. lazy C. energetic D. busy
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以Jennifer Jones为例，说明了青少年为了减肥不吃早饭导致营养不良的问题，健康专家指出有一个健康均衡的饮食是很重要的，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。更重要的是，他们应该保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，以保持精力充沛和健康。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后她昏倒，被紧急送往医院。A. hospital医院；B. school学校；C. church教堂；D. gym健身房。根据上文“She then passed out”可知晕倒了要送医院。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗被发现有危险低血糖水平，并立即被医生治疗。A. praised赞美；B. treated治疗；C. punished惩罚；D. taught教。根据上文“Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels”可知，有低血糖，所以要接受治疗。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心的父母告诉医生，他们的女儿那天没吃早饭，前一天晚上几乎没吃晚饭。A. enjoyed欣赏；B. shared分享；C. missed错过；D. prepared准备。根据后文“Jennifer had not eaten breakfast for months”可知，她没吃早饭，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，詹妮弗已经好几个月没吃早餐了，因为她认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。A. height高度；B. width宽度；C. weight重量；D. length长度。根据后文“Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits.(詹妮弗的案例提醒人们注意不健康减肥习惯的危害)”可知，詹妮弗已经好几个月没吃早餐了，因为她认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她现在脱离了危险。A. Sadly悲伤地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Regretfully后悔地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“she is now out of danger.”可知，庆幸的是，她现在脱离了危险。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：如今，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。A. so所以；B. because因为；C. but但是；D. if如果。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。A. slim down消瘦；B. break down出故障；C. show up露面；D. make up组成。根据上文“being thin is often seen as being beautiful”可知，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据最近对高中生生活方式的调查，近20%的青少年经常不吃饭，10%的青少年过度运动，4%的青少年甚至服用减肥药。A. avoid避免；B. sell出售；C. make制作；D. take带走。根据后文“weight-loss medicine”指服用减肥药，应用动词take。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们指出，有一个健康均衡的饮食是很重要的，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。A. sleep睡觉；B. diet饮食；C. time时间；D. speed速度。根据后文“their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well”指健康均衡的饮食很重要，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，他们应该保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，以保持精力充沛和健康。A. tired疲惫的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. busy忙碌的。根据上文“they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay”可知，保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，是为了保持精力充沛和健康。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou is the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive the Nobel Prize for her contribution to the fight against malaria.
Tu Youyou was born ___26___ 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She ___27___ (study) medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she completed many further training ___28___ (course) in traditional Chinese medicine. Her education was soon to prove very ___29___ (use). In 1969, she became head of ___30___ team intending to find a cure for malaria. They worked day and night. Two years later, they succeeded in ___31___ (make) qinghao extract, which could treat malaria in mice.
To speed up the process of trials on patients and ensure ___32___ (it) safety, her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. Through trial and error, they ___33___ (final) discovered qinghaosu ___34___ is the most effective part of qinghao extract. Since then, it has benefited about 200 million malaria patients.
In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou encouraged scientists ______35______ (explore) the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
【答案】26. in 27. studied
28. courses
29. useful 30. a
31 making 32. its
33. finally
34. which##that
35. to explore
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的个人经历以及成就。
【26题详解】
考查介词。句意：屠呦呦，1930年生于浙江宁波。表示在某一年应用介词in。故填in。
【27题详解】
考查时态。句意：1951年至1955年，她在北京的一所大学学习医学。根据后文1951 and 1955可知用一般过去时。故填studied。
【28题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：毕业后，她完成了许多进一步的中医培训课程。course为可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填courses。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她所受的教育很快就证明很有用。作表语，应用形容词useful。故填useful。
【30题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1969年，她成为一个团队的负责人，旨在寻找治疗疟疾的方法。他们日以继夜地工作。team此处为特指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【31题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，他们成功地制造出可以治疗小鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。
【32题详解】
考查代词。句意：为了加快在患者身上的试验进程并确保其安全性，她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。修饰名词safety应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。修饰动词discover应用副词finally，故填finally。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。定语从句修饰先行词qinghaosu，在从句作主语，指物，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦在她的诺贝尔奖演讲中鼓励科学家们探索中医的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。短语encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to explore。
第三部分 写作技能（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 双向翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Friendship is an important theme of Mark Twain’s masterpiece Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It forms between Huck Finn and Jim, who appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck是一位可怜的白人男孩____36____. His father often beats him. Jim is a black slave who longs to be free.
One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. ____37____Then they leave the island together on a raft that they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to the state of Illinois where Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes ____38____when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend who is always caring and helpful, and 他不可能放弃Jim.____39____
From this story we can see that friends are people who support us through thick and thin. We need them and should value them forever.____40____
【答案】36 Huck is a poor white boy
37. 他在那里遇到了吉姆并且和他成了朋友
38. 故事进入了高潮
39. it’s impossible for him to give up Jim
40. 我们需要他们并且应该永远珍视他们
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过马克吐温的小说《Adventures of Huckleberry Finn》里所展示的友谊告诉读者要珍视友谊。
【36题详解】
考查时态和句子结构。分析可知本句为主系表结构，介绍小说应用一般现在时；主语是Huck，系动词是is，表语“一个可怜的白人男孩”表达为a poor white boy。故翻译为：Huck is a poor white boy.
【37题详解】
考查句子结构。分析可知，本句为主谓宾状结构，there“那里”是地点状语，主语是he，谓语动词是meet“遇见”和短语make friends with“与……交朋友”，宾语是Jim和him。故翻译为：他在那里遇到了吉姆并且和他成了朋友。
【38题详解】
考查句子结构和短语。分析可知，本句为主谓结构，主语The high point of the story译为“故事的高潮”，comes“到来”。故翻译为：故事进入了高潮。
【39题详解】
考查固定句型。分析可知，“对某人来说做某事是……的”用固定句型it is impossible for sb. to do sth.，“放弃”表达为give up，介绍小说用一般现在时。故翻译为：it’s impossible for him to give up Jim。
【40题详解】
考查句子结构。分析可知，本句为主谓宾状结构，主语是we，谓语动词是need“需要”和should value“应该珍视”，宾语是them，状语是forever“永远”。故翻译为：我们需要他们并且应该永远珍视他们。
第二节 情景作文（共1小题，满分20分）
41. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Mike给你发了一封邮件，表达了他对中国端午节的浓厚兴趣。请根据下面的信息，写一封邮件，向他介绍端午节的有关情况。
Introduction a public holiday and an important festival in Chinese culture on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
History It was started in honour of a great poet, Qu Yuan. He drowned himself in the Miluo River. People raced in their boats to save him but failed. They dropped rice balls into the river.
celebration hold dragon boat races eat zongzi
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
I’m happy you would like to learn about the Dragon Boat Festival as it is one of my favorite festivals.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m happy you would like to learn about the Dragon Boat Festival as it is one of my favorite festivals.
The festival is an important cultural event and national public holiday which takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. The festival originates from the tragic story of the famous poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River. The people raced in their boats to try and save him but failed. In honour of him, they dropped rice balls, known as zongzi, into the river to feed the fish so that they would not devour his body.
During the festival, dragon boat races are held across China to symbolize the boat race of the people who tried to rescue Qu Yuan. People also eat zongzi to remember Qu Yuan and the sacrifice he made. The holiday is a great time for family reunions and enjoying the festivities.
I hope this has given you a better understanding of the fascinating history and traditions of the Dragon Boat Festival.
Best wishes.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Mike给你发了一封邮件，表达了他对中国端午节的浓厚兴趣。请根据下面的信息，写一封邮件，向他介绍端午节的有关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
被称为：be known as→be referred to as
纪念：in honour of→in memory of
高兴的：happy→pleased
重要的：important→vital
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In honour of him, they dropped rice balls, known as zongzi, into the river to feed the fish so that they would not devour his body.
拓展句：In honour of him, they dropped rice balls, ,which are known as zongzi, into the river to feed the fish so that they would not devour his body.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The festival is an important cultural event and national public holiday which takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. (运用了which引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] In honour of him, they dropped rice balls, known as zongzi, into the river to feed the fish so that they would not devour his body. (运用了目的状语从句)2022湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试
英语
第一部分 阅读技能（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题3分, 满分36分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
New apps provide more sources of information and bring convenience. Here are some of the newest free apps. If you are interested, download them to your smartphone!
iEDU It allows students to search for iEDU advising center information, where you can discover new educational information, aid, opportunities and advice. Indie Shuffle It allows you to look through lesser-known artists’ music. You can save songs or artists you like and find bands with similar sounds.
BrainPOP BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It is free and teaches you something new in English every day. Todoist It is a time saver, an app helping you manage your time, add a task and even assign tasks to other people who need a quick reminder!
1. Who is iEDU mainly intended for
A. Workers. B. Doctors. C. Students. D. Drivers.
2. What will you choose to download if you are a music lover
A. iEDU. B. Indie Shuffle. C. BrainPOP. D. Todoist.
3. BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a(n) _______ way.
A. interesting B. boring C. difficult D. cheap
4. Todoist can help you do the following things EXCEPT ________.
A. add a task B. manage your time
C. assign tasks to others D. teach you English
B
It was about ten years ago on a cold winter day. I was walking over to visit my dad when it began raining heavily. Although his house was only a short walk from mine, I was wet all over and it chilled (使冰冷) my bones. I knocked on his door and stepped in. Warm steam was floating from the kitchen. It touched my nose, and suddenly, I was 8 years old again. Dad was making Nana’s special sauce.
When I was growing up, Nana would make us an Italian feast every Sunday. She would slowly cook her spaghetti (意大利面) sauce for hours. Then she would drop in potatoes, chicken, meatballs, sausage and sometimes even steak. When it was done, we would mix it in the spaghetti, fix the plates and sprinkle(洒) it on the cheese. It always left our bellies full, our hearts happy and the house smelling heavenly.
I sat down while Dad made me a plate. It felt so good having a meal like we used to when I was a boy. We talked about those old times, my warm-hearted aunt and laughed over the memories, both good and bad. I didn’t feel cold any more.
Dad and Nana have been gone for years now. I still miss them both every single day. Although my daughter and I both know how to make Nana’s special sauce, we don’t cook it as often as we could. Maybe it is because no matter how hard I try, I can never get it 100 percent right. Maybe it was just the love with which Nana and Dad cooked it that made it so delicious. Either way, this winter, I’m going to make some again.
5. How was the author feeling on his way to his father’s house
A. Excited. B. Cold. C. Tired. D. Warm.
6. What can we learn about the Italian feast when the author was growing up
A. It was nice and delicious. B. He had to make it by himself.
C. The spaghetti was mixed with everything. D. He never felt full after it.
7. Nana was most probably the author’s _________.
A. sister B. wife C. aunt D. daughter
8. What is the best title for the passage
A. A Travel in Winter B. My Cooking Experience
C. Nana and My Dad D. Special Sauce with Love
C
Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with no warning. They move quickly, pull trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and hurt people.
Being caught in a flood is dangerous, not only because there is so much water and it’s moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris (残骸) in the current can injure anyone in the floodwater, making swimming more difficult. To survive a flash flood, keep the following things in your mind.
If a flood warning is issued, try to find a shelter immediately. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters.
Avoid bridges that cross rapidly moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to break.
Stay inside a car that is trapped in fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it.
Avoid power lines. A knocked-down power line can cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to injury
Listen to the broadcast for further instructions before getting away from the flood successfully.
The results of a flood can be just as deadly. It can cause power failure and traffic jams, and break down communication. In addition, it may not be possible to deliver food and water to the flooded area. After the flood, return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe to do so. Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. And avoid driving through flooded areas and walking alone outside at night.
9. When a flash flood happens, you should _______.
A. try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters
B. choose the bridges that cross rapidly moving water
C. get out of a car that is trapped in fast-moving water
D. avoid power lines
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A. The car. B. The bridge.
C. The house. D. The power line.
11. After the flood, it is safe to _____.
A. go back to your home quickly B. use bottled or boiled water
C. drive through flooded areas D. walk alone outside at night
12. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A diary. B. A story book.
C. A newspaper. D. A travel guidebook.
第二节 小标题填空（共3小题：每小题3分，满分9分）
下面文章中有3处（第13~15题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑，选项中有一项是多余选项。
Proper Ways to Stay Happy
Happiness can seem really hard to find, especially given the uncertainty (变化无常) in our world right now. However, the key to staying happy often lies in your thoughts, decisions and daily habits.
____13____
Take notice of all the people who appear in your life. Ask yourself whether these people really make you happy. If you stay with loving and positive people, you will likely have great fun.
Spend time pursuing your passion.
Think about what really makes you happy. Do your best to measure out some time in your schedule for these interests. If you spend your time doing things you enjoy, you will experience a lot more happiness in the long run.
____14____
Search online for volunteer opportunities in your area. Look for charities and organizations that support causes you believe in. If you donate your time and money to helping others, you can feel more than happy that you have made a difference.
____15____
Take a few minutes each day to get in workout, whether it’s running, swimming or jogging. When you do sports, your brain releases (释放) several chemicals, leaving you feeling happy. The more regular exercise you take, the happier person you will find yourself.
A Exercise on a regular basis.
B. Stay out if you are feeling stressed.
C Spend your free time helping others.
D. Surround yourself with caring and loving people.
第二部分 知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Jennifer Jones, a teenage girl, told friends in her morning PE lesson that she was feeling unwell. She then passed out and was rushed to ___16___.
Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was ___17___ immediately by doctors. Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter ___18___ breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before. Actually, Jennifer had not eaten breakfast for months because she thought skipping meals was a simple way to reach her target ___19___. Therefore, she always had trouble concentrating in class. ___20___, she is now out of danger.
Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits. Nowadays, being thin is often seen as being beautiful, ___21___ teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to ___22___ quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students’ lifestyles, almost 20% of teenagers regularly skip meals, 10% over-exercise and 4% even ___23___ weight-loss medicine. Health experts are concerned about these figures. Also, they point out that it is important to have a healthy balanced ___24___ since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay ___25___ and healthy.
16. A. hospital B. school C. church D. gym
17. A. praised B. treated C. punished D. taught
18. A. enjoyed B. shared C. missed D. prepared
19. A. height B. width C. weight D. length
20 A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Regretfully D. Fortunately
21. A. so B. because C. but D. if
22. A. slim down B. break down C. show up D. make up
23. A. avoid B. sell C. make D. take
24. A. sleep B. diet C. time D. speed
25. A. tired B. lazy C. energetic D. busy
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou is the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive the Nobel Prize for her contribution to the fight against malaria.
Tu Youyou was born ___26___ 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She ___27___ (study) medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she completed many further training ___28___ (course) in traditional Chinese medicine. Her education was soon to prove very ___29___ (use). In 1969, she became head of ___30___ team intending to find a cure for malaria. They worked day and night. Two years later, they succeeded in ___31___ (make) qinghao extract, which could treat malaria in mice.
To speed up the process of trials on patients and ensure ___32___ (it) safety her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. Through trial and error, they ___33___ (final) discovered qinghaosu ___34___ is the most effective part of qinghao extract. Since then, it has benefited about 200 million malaria patients.
In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou encouraged scientists ______35______ (explore) the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
第三部分 写作技能（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 双向翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Friendship is an important theme of Mark Twain’s masterpiece Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It forms between Huck Finn and Jim, who appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck是一位可怜的白人男孩____36____. His father often beats him. Jim is a black slave who longs to be free.
One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. ____37____Then they leave the island together on a raft that they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to the state of Illinois where Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes ____38____when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend who is always caring and helpful, and 他不可能放弃Jim.____39____
From this story we can see that friends are people who support us through thick and thin. We need them and should value them forever.____40____
第二节 情景作文（共1小题，满分20分）
41. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Mike给你发了一封邮件，表达了他对中国端午节的浓厚兴趣。请根据下面的信息，写一封邮件，向他介绍端午节的有关情况。
Introduction a public holiday and an important festival in Chinese culture on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
History It was started in honour of a great poet, Qu Yuan. He drowned himself in the Miluo River. People raced in their boats to save him but failed. They dropped rice balls into the river.
celebration hold dragon boat races eat zongzi
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
I’m happy you would like to learn about the Dragon Boat Festival as it is one of my favorite festivals.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours
Li Hua
