【词,句重难点课件】 人教版(2019)Unit 3 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 选择性必修二

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名称 【词,句重难点课件】 人教版(2019)Unit 3 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 选择性必修二
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更新时间 2023-05-13 15:49:41

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(共39张PPT)
Unit 3
Food and Culture
Good food choices are good investments.
Period Ⅰ
Reading and Thinking
敲黑板
1.课时导入:Reading and Thinking部分主要围绕“文化与食物”展开,从一个外国人的视角介绍了中国各地的菜肴,并阐述了饮食所反映的文化内涵、历史传统、地域特色等。通过学习本课时,理解“人如其食”的含义,并思考食物与地域、文化传统、当地人性格等之间的关系。
2.语言知识:prior, stuff, exceptional, consume, consist of,形容词(短语)作状语,where引导定语从句等。
British Breakfast
A British breakfast, also a full English breakfast (全英式早餐), is a substantial cooked breakfast meal, often served in the United Kingdom and Ireland, which typically includes bacon, sausages, eggs, baked beans (烘豆), tomatoes, mushrooms, toast, and a beverage (饮料). The beverage served is usually tea. English breakfast tea is black tea blended with milk and sugar, in a style traditionally associated with a hearty (丰盛的) English breakfast. It is the most common style of tea in Britain. A British breakfast is also known as a “fry-up”, because it's usually made up of many fried foods.
在英国最有名的一餐可能就要数早餐了。英式早餐也叫作早餐全餐,通常含有许多煎炸的食物,因此又被称作“fry-up”。吃英式早餐,英式早茶是必不可少的。鸡蛋也是英式早餐的必备食材,鸡蛋通常有四种烹饪方法。
Fried煎
英国人煎蛋,通常只煎一面,另一面的蛋黄则保持相对完整的形状,俗称“太阳蛋(sunny-side up)”。
Scrambled炒
Boiled煮
鸡蛋带壳直接放进水里煮,煮至完全熟透的鸡蛋叫作“hard-boiled eggs”,半熟的鸡蛋则叫作“soft-boiled eggs”。
Poached炖
把蛋去壳后用温水煮,煮出来的蛋内生外熟,形状不一。
必刷词汇
1.cuisine n.__________________
菜肴;风味;烹饪
2.pepper n.______________________
甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉
3.recipe n.______________
烹饪法;食谱
4.peppercorn n.________
胡椒粒
5.vinegar n.____

6.onion n.____________
洋葱;葱头
7.dim sum n.__________________
点心(中国食品)
8.garlic n.____

9.bacon n.______________
熏猪肉;咸肉
10.ham n.______
火腿
11.sausage n.____________
香肠;腊肠
12.cabbage n.______________________
甘蓝;卷心菜;洋白菜
13.bean curd (=tofu) n.______
豆腐
14._____ n.厨师;主厨
chef
15._____ adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的 n.黑体;粗体搭配 ___ bold 粗体地;黑体地
bold
in
16.______ adj.先前的;优先的
派 ________ n.优先事项;最重要的事;当务之急;优先权
搭配 ______ ___ 在……之前的
prior
priority
prior
to
17.exceptional adj.________________ 联想 ①exception n.______②exceptionally adv.______ ③except
prep.____________
特别的;罕见的
例外
非常
除……之外
18.minimum adj.________________________ n.________________ 反 maximum adj.最大量的;最大值的
联想 minimise vt.__________________
最低(限度)的;最小的
最小值;最少量
使减少到最低限度
19._________ vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗
派 ①__________ n.[C]消费者 ②____________ n.消费;消耗
consume
consumer
consumption
20.vegetarian n.________联想 _________ n.蔬菜
素食者
vegetable
21.________ adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的
派 _________ n.优雅;典雅
elegant
elegance
22.stuff vt.__________________ n.____________搭配 be stuffed with ________________________
填满;把……塞进
东西;物品
用……装满;被……塞满
23._____ n.(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把……切成薄片 搭配 ①___ _____ ___ bread 一片面包②_____…
____… 从……上切下……
slice
a
slice
of
slice
off
24.lamb n.______________ 拓展 lamb kebab __________
羊羔肉;羔羊
烤羊肉串
25.temper n.____________ 搭配 lose one's temper ________
脾气;火气
发脾气
26._____ n.无用的东西 拓展 _____ _____ 垃圾食品
junk
junk
food
27._______ ___ 由……组成(或构成)
consist
of
核心词汇
Priorto coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.在来中国之前,我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国,为了适应美国人的口味,那里的中国食物做了改变。
教材P26
1 prior adj.先前的;优先的
释义·理解
prior
①happening or existing before sth else or before a particular time
②already existing and there-fore more important
He claimed he had no prior knowledge of the protest.他声称自己事先并不知道这次抗议的事。
prior to在……之前
I had been living in Beijing for two years prior to meeting her.在认识她之前,我已经在北京生活了两年。
priority n.优先事项;最重要的事;当务之急;优先权
Education is a top priority.教育是重中之重。
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
priority
[解析] 句意为:如今旅行时的优先事项从购物转向了美食和风景。设空处作主语,意为“优先事项”,故应填名词。
2.Please check in half an hour prior ___ departure.
to
[解析] 句意为:请在起飞前半小时办理登机手续。
3.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Ni?o,
reducing their losses needs to be the ________ (prior).
priority
[解析] 句意为:由于最贫穷的人最不可能弥补厄尔尼诺相关的灾难带来的损失,所以当务之急是减少他们的损失。设空处作表语,根据句意可知,此处意为“当务之急”,故填名词priority。
For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.例如,在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左宗棠鸡,这道菜是用甜酱包裹的炸鸡加上红辣椒调味做成的。
教材P26
2 consist of 由……组成(或构成)
Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。
Most of the fieldwork consisted of making tape recordings.现场工作多半为进行磁带录音。
表示“组成;构成”的其他短语
make up; be made up of; be composed of; be comprised of
特别注意上述短语均可以表示“构成;组成”。其中,make up表示“部分构成整体”;be made up of, be composed of, be comprised of为被动形式,表示“整体由部分构成”。需注意consist of虽也表示“整体由部分构成”,但是用主动形式表示被动含义,没有被动形式,也不用于进行时态。
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The goods mainly consist ___ food and medicines.
of
[解析] 句意为:这批货物主要包含食物和药品。
2.The United Kingdom ________ (consist) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
consists
[解析] consist of 只能用主动语态且本句陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时。句意为:英国由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组成。
3.A crowd __________ (consist) of the wives and children of scientists staged a demonstration.
consisting
[解析] 句意为:由科学家们的妻儿们组成的队伍举行了一次游行。分析句子成分可知,设空处作后置定语,应用非谓语动词,consist of意为“由……组成”,无被动形式,与A crowd之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词。
二、一句多译。
委员会由10名成员组成。
①The committee ___________ten members. (consist)
consists of
②The committee ______________ten members. (make up)
is made up of
③Ten members _________the committee. (make up)
make up
④The committee _______________ten members. (compose)
is composed of
Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.后来我了解到,山东最有名的食物是煎饼卷大葱。
教材P26
3 stuff
①vt.填满;把……塞进;(使)吃撑
I stuffed my hands in my pockets.我把双手塞进了我的口袋里。
I could stuff myself with ten chocolate bars and half an hour later eat a big meal.我可以一口气吃10根巧克力棒,半小时后再吃一顿大餐。
be stuffed with (=be filled with)用……装满
② n.[U]东西;物品;事情
He pointed to a bag and said, “That's my stuff.”他指着一个袋子说道:“那是我的东西。”
①stuffed adj.吃饱了的;塞满了的
stuffed toys 毛绒玩具
②stuffing n.填充物
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
An apple tart (甜馅饼) is stuffed _____ the sweet, ripe fruit.
with
[解析] 句意为:苹果馅饼里塞满了甜甜的、熟透了的果子。
二、翻译句子。
1.We did some really interesting stuff today.
________________________________
今天我们做了一些非常有趣的事。
2.What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean
_________________________________
你T恤上(印)的东西是什么意思?
3.A stuffed animal is a safe gift for her.Almost every young girl likes this kind of stuff.
______________________________________________________
送她毛绒玩具不会错的。几乎每个小女孩都喜欢这种东西。
In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan.在我们去的每个地方,我们都品尝了美味的当地美食,从广东精致的点心(放在竹制蒸笼里的小份食物)到河南独特的烩面。
教材P27
4 exceptional adj.特别的;罕见的;非凡的;杰出的
The flesh of this kind of fish is an exceptional delicacy.这种鱼的肉是一道独特的佳肴。
She is a woman of exceptional intelligence.她是个有着非凡智慧的女子。
释义·理解
exceptional
①unusually good; outstanding
②very unusual; rare
①exception n.例外
with the exception of… 除……之外;不包括……在内
without exception 一律;无一例外
Yesterday was a day off for everybody, with the exception of Lawrence.昨天除了劳伦斯,所有人都放了一天假。
They must stick to an early morning in the post every day so, without exception.他们必须每天早上早早就坚守在岗位上,天天如此,无一例外。
②exceptionally adv.极其;非常;例外地
I thought Bill played exceptionally well.我认为比尔的球打得特别好。
定向练4
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team. But this time there is
an __________ (except).
exception
[解析] 句意为:通常“年度最佳球员”的头衔会授予最佳球队中的著名球员。但这次是个例外。
2.At the age of five he showed ___________ (exception) talent as a musician.
exceptional
[解析] 句意为:他五岁时就表现出非凡的音乐才能。
3.The weather, even for January, was _____________ (exceptional) cold.
exceptionally
[解析] 句意为:这种天气即使在一月份也算得上非常寒冷。
二、翻译句子。
1.All without exception were glad.
__________________
所有人无不称快。
2.除了最后一部小说,他的所有作品都以意大利为背景。
___________________________________________________________
All his novels are set in Italy with the exception of his last one.
At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.当地人所吃的食物的种类至少告诉了我们他们在自己的地区种植什么,他们过着什么样的生活,他们喜欢什么,不喜欢什么。
教材P27
5 consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗
We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night.那天晚上我们吃了大量的食物,喝了很多饮料。
①consumer n.[C]消费者;顾客
Health-conscious consumers want more information about the food they buy.注重身体健康的消费者想得到更多有关他们所购买的食物的信息。
②consumption n.[U](能量、食物或材料的)消耗,消耗量;消费
It is claimed that the new exhaust system will lower fuel consumption.据说,新的排气系统将会降低燃料消耗量。
定向练5
用consume的正确形式填空。
1.The company's product is expected to be the most popular with __________.
consumers
[解析] 设空处作宾语,表示“消费者”,为可数名词;根据语境可知,此处表复数含义,故填consumers。
2.The e-commerce has influenced production and ____________ and promoted the development of the
service sector.
consumption
[解析] 设空处与production并列作宾语,且根据语境可知,此处表示“消费”,故填consumption。consumption为不可数名词。
3.Information overload, commonly referred to as “infobesity”, involves ___________ an unhealthy amount
of information.
consuming
[解析] involves后缺少宾语,involve doing sth为固定搭配,意为“包含做某事”,故应用动名词形式。
1
【句意】我们又累又饿,而且一个汉字也不认识,我们不知道如何点餐,于是厨师就在我们桌上摆满了食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。
教材P26
形容词(短语)作状语
形容词(短语)经常放在句首或句末作状语,表原因、时间、条件或伴随等。句子主语就是其逻辑主语,有的形容词(短语)可转换为一个相应的状语从句。
Uncertain about grammar and some idioms (=As he was uncertain about…), Tony made a lot of mistakes in his exam.因为对语法及一些习语没有掌握,托尼在考试中犯了很多错误。
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (=After I was determined to be…), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.在我下定决心做我自己,继续向前,并且摆脱羞愧和世俗的标签后,我现在可以称自己为“马拉松冠军”了。
特别注意 有些形容词是由动词的过去分词转化过来的(如前面最后一个例句),表状态,并不是被动形式,常见的类似的形容词有lost(全神贯注的), occupied(忙于……的), involved(参与), interested(感兴趣的), prepared(有准备的)等。这类形容词用于“be+过去分词转化成的形容词+介词”结构中时,如果在句中作状语,只需把be去掉即可。试比较:
Ordered over a week ago(=Because/As the books were ordered…), the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期前订购的,现在应该随时会到。(过去分词短语作状语,表原因,order与其逻辑主语the books之间为被动关系)
Absorbed in his reading (=As he was absorbed in…), he didn't notice what had happened around him just now.他全神贯注地在看书,所以没注意到刚才发生在他周围的事情。(此处Absorbed为形容词,强调主语的状态,不是被动形式)
定向练1
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1._____ (lose) in thought, he almost ran against a passer-by when walking along the street.
Lost
[解析] 句意为:他陷入沉思,沿着街道走时差点撞上一位路人。
2.The survivors lay on the beach, __________ (exhaust)and ________ (shock).
exhausted
shocked
[解析] 句意为:幸存者们躺在沙滩上,疲惫不堪又深感震惊。
3.____________ (disappoint) and ______ (anger), Mary began to cry loudly.
Disappointed
angry
[解析] 句意为:玛丽感到失望和愤怒,开始大哭起来。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.长途旅行后,他们三人回到家,又饿又累。
After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _______ _____ _____.
hungry
and
tired
2.因为渴望成功,他努力抓住每个机会使自己出名。
, he tried to catch every chance to distinguish himself.
Eager for success
3.忙于管理花园,霍勒斯已经10年没出过远门了。
_________ ___ ____ _______, Horace hasn't been away for ten years.
Occupied
in
his
garden
4.经过五个月的航行,他们终于安然无恙地到达了。
After a voyage of five months, they at length arrived _____ _____ _______.
safe
and
sound
2
【句意】它(饺子)已经成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统食物,在那里包饺子一直是一项家庭活动,无论老少,大家都会加入进来帮忙。
教材P26
where引导定语从句
where引导定语从句时,在从句中充当地点状语,并可以转换成“介词+which”的形式,其先行词为表示具体地点的名词place, room, mountain, airport等,或表示抽象地点的名词case, state, condition, point, situation等。
He stood in front of the house where/in which he lived in his childhood.他站在他童年时住的那栋房子前面。(house是具体地点)
He gets into a situation where/in which it is hard to tell what is right or wrong.他陷入了一种难以辨别是非的处境。(situation是抽象地点)
where还经常引导地点状语从句,意思接近in/at the place where,意为“在……的地方”,通常指一个确定但非特指的地点。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候温和的地方。
The church was built where there had once been a school.教堂建在曾经是一所学校的地方。
特别注意 where引导定语从句与地点状语从句的区别
①定语从句中,where可以用“介词+which”替代,而状语从句中则不可以。
②定语从句中,where前面有表示地点的名词或代词作为先行词,而状语从句中则没有。
③定语从句中,where在从句中充当地点状语,修饰从句的谓语。而where引导的地点状语从句修饰的是主句的谓语,充当主句的地点状语成分。
Approximately 45 percent of the world's population live where mosquitoes transmit malaria.全球大约45%的人口生活在蚊子传播疟疾的区域。(where引导地点状语从句,修饰主句谓语动词live, 即作为状语表示“居住”的地点)
Approximately 45 percent of the world's population live in climate zones where (=in which) mosquitoes transmit malaria.全球大约45%的人口生活在蚊子传播疟疾的气候区。(where引导定语从句,修饰climate zones, where在从句中作地点状语)
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词并在括号内说明该词引导何种从句。
1.The bookshop _______ I bought this book is not far from here.( )
where
定语从句
[解析] 句意为:我买这本书的书店离这儿不远。
2.Make marks _______ you have any doubt or question.( )
where
地点状语从句
[解析] 句意为:在你有任何疑问或问题的地方做上标记。
3.A tall building was put up at the place _______ there used to be a park.( )
where
定语从句
[解析] 句意为:在以前是公园的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
4.A tall building was put up _______ there used to be a park.( )
where
地点状语从句
[解析] 句意为:在以前是公园的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
5.We will start from the point _______ we left off last time.( )
where
定语从句
[解析] 句意为:我们将从上次停止的地方开始。
6.The earth is unlikely to be the only planet _______ life has developed gradually.( )
where
定语从句
[解析] 句意为:地球不可能是唯一一个演化出生命的星球。
7.Put the medicine _______ children can't reach it.( )
where
地点状语从句
[解析] 句意为:把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。
8.This is the farm on _______ he used to work.( )
which
定语从句
[解析] 句意为:这是他曾经工作过的农场。
二、翻译句子。
你从何处来,就回到何处去。
①状语从句_____________________________
Go back where you came from.
②定语从句_________________________________________
Go back to the place where you came from.