2023年高三高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——为什么地质学要可持续发展?（含答案）
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23年高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——为什么地质学要可持续发展
——改编自Why geology must abandon fossil fuels and embrace sustainability
Geologists have traditionally been associated with fossil fuel exploration, but it is time for them to prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change instead, according to Christopher Jackson. In today’s world, the importance of scientists in our everyday lives has become more evident. For example, vaccinologists have succeeded in creating vaccinations to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, while virologists, epidemiologists, and behavioural scientists have directly influenced government policies that regulate our movements to keep us safe.
While pandemics come and go, global warming is a more persistent threat to the environment, global health, and economic well-being. Geologists have the pivotal role of understanding and eventually influencing policies that aim to decrease the effects of climate change.
Geologists are not simply involved in studying rocks, contra a common misconception. Geologists are taught to observe what the rocks reveal about Earth's past, present, and possible future structure and evolution. Geological processes and climate are intertwined, as numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, and ice caps, as well as life in all these places.
The geological record bears witness to such processes, demonstrating that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, with the current pace of planetary warming unprecedented in Earth’s history. Accordingly, geologists employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models used in foreseeing the future climate and its influence on Earth’s habitability.
But there’s an ironic twist here, given that geologists ' work also underpins the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels. To fully embrace the idea of “sustainable geoscience,” this concept must be precisely practiced now. Our discipline must accept its duty to mitigate potential environmental hazards rather than contribute to them.
Sustainable geoscience is not a new concept, nor is it limited to climate change. Geologists have contributed to solving some of our greatest social issues, as seen by observing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. For example, geologists examine the source, natural movement, and destiny of contaminants like arsenic and lead, which are critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
Geologists should cooperate further with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately implement solutions to environmental and resource issues. Students looking to study geology should understand their multidisciplinary skill set’s broader contribution to global welfare, beyond just energy provision. It is important to remember that ensuring a secure energy supply underpins many of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Geologists must reimagine sustainability through the lens of geology to promote it in the public's consciousness, just as virology and epidemiology were highlighted in 2020. Rocks are not the only notion meant to be associated with geology. Therefore, collective efforts could guarantee a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.
【重点词汇】
1. Geologists [d i ɑ l d st] n.地质学家
2. Fossil fuel [ fɑ sl fju l] n.化石燃料
3. Exploration [ ekspl re n] n.勘探；探究
4. Sustainable [s ste n bl] adj.可持续的
5. Development [d vel pm nt] n.发展
6. Climate change [kla m t t e nd ] 气候变化
7. Prioritize [pra r ta z] v.优先考虑
8. Vaccinologist [ v ks nɑ l d st] n.疫苗学家
9. Vaccination [ v ks ne n] n.疫苗接种
10. Pandemic [p n dem k] n.大流行病
11. Virologist [va r l d st] n.病毒学家
12. Epidemiologist [ ep di mi l d st] n.流行病学家
13. Behavioural scientist [b he vj r l sa nt st] 行为科学家
14. Influence [ nflu ns] v.影响
15. Government policies [ ɡ v nm nt pɑ l si] 政府政策
16. Regulation [ reɡj le n] n.管制；管理
17. Global warming [ ɡlo bl w rm ] 全球变暖
18. Persistent [p r s st nt] adj.持久的
19. Environment [ n va r nm nt] n.环境
20. Economic well-being [ i k nɑ m k wel- bi ] 经济健康状况
21. Pivotal role [ p v tl ro l] 关键作用
22. Subsurface [s b s rf s] adj.表面下的
23. Evolution [ i v lu n] n.进化
24. Chemical links [ kem kl l ks] 化学联系
25. Feedbacks [ fid b ks] 回馈
26. Oceans [ o nz] n.海洋
27. Ice caps [a s k ps] 冰盖
28. Life [la f] n.生命
29. Geological record [d i lɑd k l rek rd] 地质记录
30. Atmospheric CO2 [ t.m s fer. k ko si tu:] 大气CO2
31. Unprecedented [ n pres dent d] adj.空前的
32. Evaluate [ v ljue t] v.评估
33. Numerical models [ nju m r kl mɑ d lz] 数值模型
34. Planetary warming [ pl n teri w rm ] 行星变暖
35. Sustainable Development Goals [s s te n bl d vel pm nt go lz] 可持续发展目标
36. Source [s rs] n.来源
37. Natural movement [ n t r l mu vm nt] 自然运动
38. Contaminants [k n t m n nts] n.污染物
39. Arsenic [ ɑ rs n k] n.砷
40. Lead [led] n.铅
41. Safe and reliable [se f nd r la bl] 安全可靠
42. Cooperate [ko ɑ p re t] v.合作
43. Implement solutions [ mpl ment s lu nz] 实现解决方案
44. Resource issues [r s rs u z] 资源问题
45. Multidisciplinary skill set [ m lti d s pl neri sk l set] 多学科技能
46. Global welfare [ ɡlo bl welefr] n.全球福利
47. Secure energy supply [s kj r n rd i s pla ] 稳定的能源供应
48. Underpins [ nd r p nz] v.支撑
【阅读理解练习题】
1. According to the passage, what should geologists prioritize in their work
A) Fossil fuel exploration.
B) Sustainable development goals and climate change.
C) Observing what rocks reveal about Earth's past.
D) Evaluating the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models.
Answer: B
中文解析：根据文章，传统上地质学家与化石燃料勘探有关，但现在他们应该优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化。因此，地质学家应优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化。
2. What is the main threat to global health, environmental, and economic well-being mentioned in the passage
A) Pandemics.
B) Vaccinations.
C) Government policies.
D) Global warming.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，全球变暖是对环境、全球卫生和经济福祉的更持久威胁，而不是像大流行那样来了又去。这意味着气候变化是当前面临的主要威胁。
3. What is one way that geological processes and climate are linked
A) Through the depletion of natural resources.
B) Through feedbacks between the Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, ice caps, and life.
C) Through the study of contaminated water supplies.
D) Through the development of complicated numerical models.
Answer: B
中文解析：根据文章，许多复杂的物理和化学联系和反馈在地球表面和地下岩石、大气、海洋、冰盖以及其中的生命之间存在，地质过程与气候联系紧密。
4. What is the concept of "sustainable geoscience" mentioned in the passage
A) The detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
B) The provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
C) The collective effort to ensure a central role for geologists in creating sustainable policies.
D) The multidisciplinary skill set that geologists possess.
Answer: C
中文解析：文章提到了“可持续性地球科学”概念，这并非仅限于气候变化。地质学家曾对解决一些重大社会问题做出了贡献，因此地质学家应进一步与其他科学家和政治家合作开发和最终实施环境和资源问题的解决方案。可持续地球科学应确保地质学家在推动长期可持续发展方面起到核心作用。
5. What is the paradoxical relationship between geologists' work and climate change mentioned in the passage
A) Geologists' research focuses primarily on reducing the effects of climate change, but their work has contributed significantly to it.
B) The importance of geologists in understanding global warming is paramount, despite their work relying heavily on the use of fossil fuels that contribute to climate change.
C) Although geologists prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change, it is impossible to practice these concepts precisely.
D) Sustainable geoscience should be prioritized over the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
Answer: A
中文解析：文章指出有一种讽刺的关系，地质学家的工作既支撑着探测和使用气候加热化石燃料，又应优先考虑减少气候变化对环境产生的影响。因此，为确保可持续发展，我们必须确切实行“可持续地球科学”概念。
6. What does the author suggest students should do when considering studying geology
A) Focus solely on energy provision.
B) Understand the broader contribution of their multidisciplinary skill set to global welfare.
C) Prioritize understanding the psychology behind geological processes.
D) Develop an expertise in detecting and reducing environmental hazards.
Answer: B
中文解析：作者建议，寻求学习地质学的学生应该了解自己的多学科技能集在全球福利方面所做出的更广泛贡献，而不仅仅是提供能源供应。
7. According to the passage, what is the role of geologists in evaluating the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models
A) To develop these models based on the geological record.
B) To observe the rocks that reveal Earth's past.
C) To decrease the effects of climate change through sustainable development goals.
D) To employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，地质学家利用地质记录评估复杂数值模型的预测精度，以评估未来气候及其对地球生存环境的影响。
8. What does Jared Tendler's work on poker psychology have to do with the main topic of this passage
A) It demonstrates how geologists can influence government policies that regulate our movements.
B) It provides a practical solution for decreasing the effects of climate change.
C) It illustrates the need for collective efforts to ensure a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.
D) It is an example of one way that scientists have directly influenced government policies to keep us safe.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，病毒学家、流行病学家和行为科学家直接影响了政府制定规范我们活动的政策，而对扑克心理学的研究提示了更加全面的论点，即要预见未来的气候，并减轻由此带来的影响，应采取的方法并不简单。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
Christopher Jackson说，地质学家传统上一直与化石燃料勘探联系在一起，但是现在是他们优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化的时候了。
Geologists have traditionally been associated with fossil fuel exploration, but it is time for them to prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change instead, according to Christopher Jackson.
在当今世界，科学家在我们日常生活中的重要性已经变得更加明显。
In today’s world, the importance of scientists in our everyday lives has become more evident.
例如，疫苗学家成功地研制出了应对Covid-19大流行的疫苗，而病毒学家、流行病学家和行为科学家直接影响了政府的政策，这些政策规范了我们的行动，以保证我们的安全。
For example, vaccinologists have succeeded in creating vaccinations to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, while virologists, epidemiologists, and behavioural scientists have directly influenced government policies that regulate our movements to keep us safe.
虽然流行病来来去去，但全球变暖对环境、全球健康和经济福祉的威胁更为持久。
While pandemics come and go, global warming is a more persistent threat to the environment, global health, and economic well-being.
地质学家在理解并最终影响旨在减少气候变化影响的政策方面发挥着关键作用。
Geologists have the pivotal role of understanding and eventually influencing policies that aim to decrease the effects of climate change.
与一种普遍的误解相反，地质学家不仅仅是研究岩石。
Geologists are not simply involved in studying rocks, contra a common misconception.
地质学家被教导观察岩石所揭示的地球的过去、现在和可能的未来的结构和进化。
Geologists are taught to observe what the rocks reveal about Earth's past, present, and possible future structure and evolution.
地质过程和气候是交织在一起的，因为地球表面和地下岩石、大气、海洋和冰盖以及所有这些地方的生命之间存在着许多复杂的物理和化学联系和反馈。
Geological processes and climate are intertwined, as numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, and ice caps, as well as life in all these places.
地质记录见证了这一过程，表明大气中的二氧化碳含量至少在过去300万年中达到了最高水平，目前全球变暖的速度在地球历史上是前所未有的。
The geological record bears witness to such processes, demonstrating that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, with the current pace of planetary warming unprecedented in Earth’s history.
因此，地质学家利用地质记录来评估用于预测未来气候及其对地球宜居性影响的复杂数值模型的预测精度。
Accordingly, geologists employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models used in foreseeing the future climate and its influence on Earth’s habitability.
但这里有一个讽刺的转折，考虑到地质学家的工作也支持了气候加热化石燃料的探测和使用。
But there’s an ironic twist here, given that geologists ' work also underpins the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
为了完全接受“可持续地球科学”的理念，现在必须精确地实践这一概念。
To fully embrace the idea of “sustainable geoscience,” this concept must be precisely practiced now.
我们的学科必须承担减轻潜在环境危害的责任，而不是助长它们。
Our discipline must accept its duty to mitigate potential environmental hazards rather than contribute to them.
可持续地球科学不是一个新概念，也不局限于气候变化。
Sustainable geoscience is not a new concept, nor is it limited to climate change.
通过观察联合国的可持续发展目标，地质学家为解决一些重大的社会问题做出了贡献。
Geologists have contributed to solving some of our greatest social issues, as seen by observing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
例如，地质学家研究砷和铅等污染物的来源、自然运动和去向，这些污染物对提供安全可靠的供水至关重要。
For example, geologists examine the source, natural movement, and destiny of contaminants like arsenic and lead, which are critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
地质学家应该进一步与其他科学家和政治家合作，制定并最终实施环境和资源问题的解决方案。
Geologists should cooperate further with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately implement solutions to environmental and resource issues.
希望学习地质学的学生应该了解他们的多学科技能对全球福利的更广泛贡献，而不仅仅是能源供应。
Students looking to study geology should understand their multidisciplinary skill set’s broader contribution to global welfare, beyond just energy provision.
必须记住，确保安全的能源供应是许多可持续发展目标的基础。
It is important to remember that ensuring a secure energy supply underpins many of the Sustainable Development Goals.
地质学家必须通过地质学的视角重新构想可持续性，以提升公众的意识，就像2020年强调的病毒学和流行病学一样。
Geologists must reimagine sustainability through the lens of geology to promote it in the public's consciousness, just as virology and epidemiology were highlighted in 2020.
岩石并不是唯一与地质学联系在一起的概念。
Rocks are not the only notion meant to be associated with geology.
因此，集体努力可以保证地质学家在重塑社会以实现长期可持续性方面发挥核心作用。
Therefore, collective efforts could guarantee a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.
——改编自Why geology must abandon fossil fuels and embrace sustainability
Geologists have traditionally been associated with fossil fuel exploration, but it is time for them to prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change instead, according to Christopher Jackson. In today’s world, the importance of scientists in our everyday lives has become more evident. For example, vaccinologists have succeeded in creating vaccinations to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, while virologists, epidemiologists, and behavioural scientists have directly influenced government policies that regulate our movements to keep us safe.
While pandemics come and go, global warming is a more persistent threat to the environment, global health, and economic well-being. Geologists have the pivotal role of understanding and eventually influencing policies that aim to decrease the effects of climate change.
Geologists are not simply involved in studying rocks, contra a common misconception. Geologists are taught to observe what the rocks reveal about Earth's past, present, and possible future structure and evolution. Geological processes and climate are intertwined, as numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, and ice caps, as well as life in all these places.
The geological record bears witness to such processes, demonstrating that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, with the current pace of planetary warming unprecedented in Earth’s history. Accordingly, geologists employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models used in foreseeing the future climate and its influence on Earth’s habitability.
But there’s an ironic twist here, given that geologists ' work also underpins the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels. To fully embrace the idea of “sustainable geoscience,” this concept must be precisely practiced now. Our discipline must accept its duty to mitigate potential environmental hazards rather than contribute to them.
Sustainable geoscience is not a new concept, nor is it limited to climate change. Geologists have contributed to solving some of our greatest social issues, as seen by observing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. For example, geologists examine the source, natural movement, and destiny of contaminants like arsenic and lead, which are critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
Geologists should cooperate further with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately implement solutions to environmental and resource issues. Students looking to study geology should understand their multidisciplinary skill set’s broader contribution to global welfare, beyond just energy provision. It is important to remember that ensuring a secure energy supply underpins many of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Geologists must reimagine sustainability through the lens of geology to promote it in the public's consciousness, just as virology and epidemiology were highlighted in 2020. Rocks are not the only notion meant to be associated with geology. Therefore, collective efforts could guarantee a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.
【重点词汇】
1. Geologists [d i ɑ l d st] n.地质学家
2. Fossil fuel [ fɑ sl fju l] n.化石燃料
3. Exploration [ ekspl re n] n.勘探；探究
4. Sustainable [s ste n bl] adj.可持续的
5. Development [d vel pm nt] n.发展
6. Climate change [kla m t t e nd ] 气候变化
7. Prioritize [pra r ta z] v.优先考虑
8. Vaccinologist [ v ks nɑ l d st] n.疫苗学家
9. Vaccination [ v ks ne n] n.疫苗接种
10. Pandemic [p n dem k] n.大流行病
11. Virologist [va r l d st] n.病毒学家
12. Epidemiologist [ ep di mi l d st] n.流行病学家
13. Behavioural scientist [b he vj r l sa nt st] 行为科学家
14. Influence [ nflu ns] v.影响
15. Government policies [ ɡ v nm nt pɑ l si] 政府政策
16. Regulation [ reɡj le n] n.管制；管理
17. Global warming [ ɡlo bl w rm ] 全球变暖
18. Persistent [p r s st nt] adj.持久的
19. Environment [ n va r nm nt] n.环境
20. Economic well-being [ i k nɑ m k wel- bi ] 经济健康状况
21. Pivotal role [ p v tl ro l] 关键作用
22. Subsurface [s b s rf s] adj.表面下的
23. Evolution [ i v lu n] n.进化
24. Chemical links [ kem kl l ks] 化学联系
25. Feedbacks [ fid b ks] 回馈
26. Oceans [ o nz] n.海洋
27. Ice caps [a s k ps] 冰盖
28. Life [la f] n.生命
29. Geological record [d i lɑd k l rek rd] 地质记录
30. Atmospheric CO2 [ t.m s fer. k ko si tu:] 大气CO2
31. Unprecedented [ n pres dent d] adj.空前的
32. Evaluate [ v ljue t] v.评估
33. Numerical models [ nju m r kl mɑ d lz] 数值模型
34. Planetary warming [ pl n teri w rm ] 行星变暖
35. Sustainable Development Goals [s s te n bl d vel pm nt go lz] 可持续发展目标
36. Source [s rs] n.来源
37. Natural movement [ n t r l mu vm nt] 自然运动
38. Contaminants [k n t m n nts] n.污染物
39. Arsenic [ ɑ rs n k] n.砷
40. Lead [led] n.铅
41. Safe and reliable [se f nd r la bl] 安全可靠
42. Cooperate [ko ɑ p re t] v.合作
43. Implement solutions [ mpl ment s lu nz] 实现解决方案
44. Resource issues [r s rs u z] 资源问题
45. Multidisciplinary skill set [ m lti d s pl neri sk l set] 多学科技能
46. Global welfare [ ɡlo bl welefr] n.全球福利
47. Secure energy supply [s kj r n rd i s pla ] 稳定的能源供应
48. Underpins [ nd r p nz] v.支撑
【阅读理解练习题】
1. According to the passage, what should geologists prioritize in their work
A) Fossil fuel exploration.
B) Sustainable development goals and climate change.
C) Observing what rocks reveal about Earth's past.
D) Evaluating the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models.
Answer: B
中文解析：根据文章，传统上地质学家与化石燃料勘探有关，但现在他们应该优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化。因此，地质学家应优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化。
2. What is the main threat to global health, environmental, and economic well-being mentioned in the passage
A) Pandemics.
B) Vaccinations.
C) Government policies.
D) Global warming.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，全球变暖是对环境、全球卫生和经济福祉的更持久威胁，而不是像大流行那样来了又去。这意味着气候变化是当前面临的主要威胁。
3. What is one way that geological processes and climate are linked
A) Through the depletion of natural resources.
B) Through feedbacks between the Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, ice caps, and life.
C) Through the study of contaminated water supplies.
D) Through the development of complicated numerical models.
Answer: B
中文解析：根据文章，许多复杂的物理和化学联系和反馈在地球表面和地下岩石、大气、海洋、冰盖以及其中的生命之间存在，地质过程与气候联系紧密。
4. What is the concept of "sustainable geoscience" mentioned in the passage
A) The detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
B) The provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
C) The collective effort to ensure a central role for geologists in creating sustainable policies.
D) The multidisciplinary skill set that geologists possess.
Answer: C
中文解析：文章提到了“可持续性地球科学”概念，这并非仅限于气候变化。地质学家曾对解决一些重大社会问题做出了贡献，因此地质学家应进一步与其他科学家和政治家合作开发和最终实施环境和资源问题的解决方案。可持续地球科学应确保地质学家在推动长期可持续发展方面起到核心作用。
5. What is the paradoxical relationship between geologists' work and climate change mentioned in the passage
A) Geologists' research focuses primarily on reducing the effects of climate change, but their work has contributed significantly to it.
B) The importance of geologists in understanding global warming is paramount, despite their work relying heavily on the use of fossil fuels that contribute to climate change.
C) Although geologists prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change, it is impossible to practice these concepts precisely.
D) Sustainable geoscience should be prioritized over the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
Answer: A
中文解析：文章指出有一种讽刺的关系，地质学家的工作既支撑着探测和使用气候加热化石燃料，又应优先考虑减少气候变化对环境产生的影响。因此，为确保可持续发展，我们必须确切实行“可持续地球科学”概念。
6. What does the author suggest students should do when considering studying geology
A) Focus solely on energy provision.
B) Understand the broader contribution of their multidisciplinary skill set to global welfare.
C) Prioritize understanding the psychology behind geological processes.
D) Develop an expertise in detecting and reducing environmental hazards.
Answer: B
中文解析：作者建议，寻求学习地质学的学生应该了解自己的多学科技能集在全球福利方面所做出的更广泛贡献，而不仅仅是提供能源供应。
7. According to the passage, what is the role of geologists in evaluating the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models
A) To develop these models based on the geological record.
B) To observe the rocks that reveal Earth's past.
C) To decrease the effects of climate change through sustainable development goals.
D) To employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，地质学家利用地质记录评估复杂数值模型的预测精度，以评估未来气候及其对地球生存环境的影响。
8. What does Jared Tendler's work on poker psychology have to do with the main topic of this passage
A) It demonstrates how geologists can influence government policies that regulate our movements.
B) It provides a practical solution for decreasing the effects of climate change.
C) It illustrates the need for collective efforts to ensure a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.
D) It is an example of one way that scientists have directly influenced government policies to keep us safe.
Answer: D
中文解析：根据文章，病毒学家、流行病学家和行为科学家直接影响了政府制定规范我们活动的政策，而对扑克心理学的研究提示了更加全面的论点，即要预见未来的气候，并减轻由此带来的影响，应采取的方法并不简单。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
Christopher Jackson说，地质学家传统上一直与化石燃料勘探联系在一起，但是现在是他们优先考虑可持续发展目标和气候变化的时候了。
Geologists have traditionally been associated with fossil fuel exploration, but it is time for them to prioritize sustainable development goals and climate change instead, according to Christopher Jackson.
在当今世界，科学家在我们日常生活中的重要性已经变得更加明显。
In today’s world, the importance of scientists in our everyday lives has become more evident.
例如，疫苗学家成功地研制出了应对Covid-19大流行的疫苗，而病毒学家、流行病学家和行为科学家直接影响了政府的政策，这些政策规范了我们的行动，以保证我们的安全。
For example, vaccinologists have succeeded in creating vaccinations to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, while virologists, epidemiologists, and behavioural scientists have directly influenced government policies that regulate our movements to keep us safe.
虽然流行病来来去去，但全球变暖对环境、全球健康和经济福祉的威胁更为持久。
While pandemics come and go, global warming is a more persistent threat to the environment, global health, and economic well-being.
地质学家在理解并最终影响旨在减少气候变化影响的政策方面发挥着关键作用。
Geologists have the pivotal role of understanding and eventually influencing policies that aim to decrease the effects of climate change.
与一种普遍的误解相反，地质学家不仅仅是研究岩石。
Geologists are not simply involved in studying rocks, contra a common misconception.
地质学家被教导观察岩石所揭示的地球的过去、现在和可能的未来的结构和进化。
Geologists are taught to observe what the rocks reveal about Earth's past, present, and possible future structure and evolution.
地质过程和气候是交织在一起的，因为地球表面和地下岩石、大气、海洋和冰盖以及所有这些地方的生命之间存在着许多复杂的物理和化学联系和反馈。
Geological processes and climate are intertwined, as numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth's surface and subsurface rocks, atmosphere, oceans, and ice caps, as well as life in all these places.
地质记录见证了这一过程，表明大气中的二氧化碳含量至少在过去300万年中达到了最高水平，目前全球变暖的速度在地球历史上是前所未有的。
The geological record bears witness to such processes, demonstrating that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, with the current pace of planetary warming unprecedented in Earth’s history.
因此，地质学家利用地质记录来评估用于预测未来气候及其对地球宜居性影响的复杂数值模型的预测精度。
Accordingly, geologists employ the geological record to evaluate the prediction accuracy of complicated numerical models used in foreseeing the future climate and its influence on Earth’s habitability.
但这里有一个讽刺的转折，考虑到地质学家的工作也支持了气候加热化石燃料的探测和使用。
But there’s an ironic twist here, given that geologists ' work also underpins the detection and use of climate-heating fossil fuels.
为了完全接受“可持续地球科学”的理念，现在必须精确地实践这一概念。
To fully embrace the idea of “sustainable geoscience,” this concept must be precisely practiced now.
我们的学科必须承担减轻潜在环境危害的责任，而不是助长它们。
Our discipline must accept its duty to mitigate potential environmental hazards rather than contribute to them.
可持续地球科学不是一个新概念，也不局限于气候变化。
Sustainable geoscience is not a new concept, nor is it limited to climate change.
通过观察联合国的可持续发展目标，地质学家为解决一些重大的社会问题做出了贡献。
Geologists have contributed to solving some of our greatest social issues, as seen by observing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
例如，地质学家研究砷和铅等污染物的来源、自然运动和去向，这些污染物对提供安全可靠的供水至关重要。
For example, geologists examine the source, natural movement, and destiny of contaminants like arsenic and lead, which are critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies.
地质学家应该进一步与其他科学家和政治家合作，制定并最终实施环境和资源问题的解决方案。
Geologists should cooperate further with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately implement solutions to environmental and resource issues.
希望学习地质学的学生应该了解他们的多学科技能对全球福利的更广泛贡献，而不仅仅是能源供应。
Students looking to study geology should understand their multidisciplinary skill set’s broader contribution to global welfare, beyond just energy provision.
必须记住，确保安全的能源供应是许多可持续发展目标的基础。
It is important to remember that ensuring a secure energy supply underpins many of the Sustainable Development Goals.
地质学家必须通过地质学的视角重新构想可持续性，以提升公众的意识，就像2020年强调的病毒学和流行病学一样。
Geologists must reimagine sustainability through the lens of geology to promote it in the public's consciousness, just as virology and epidemiology were highlighted in 2020.
岩石并不是唯一与地质学联系在一起的概念。
Rocks are not the only notion meant to be associated with geology.
因此，集体努力可以保证地质学家在重塑社会以实现长期可持续性方面发挥核心作用。
Therefore, collective efforts could guarantee a central role for geologists in reshaping society toward long-term sustainability.