第五周 形容词和副词
一、形容词、副词的比较级
①—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
—Why It's far more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )interesting than the films I have ever seen.(2011·江西高考)
——我不得不说这部电影一点意思也没有。
——为什么?它比我以前看过的所有电影都有趣多了。
②—Goods imported from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) abroad are not always better than those made in China.
—Yes.Some of the good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s made in our country are of high quality.(2014·皖南八校联考)
——从国外进口的货物并不一定比中国做得好。
——没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很好。
③It's believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that the harder you work, the better result you'll get.
人们相信,工作越努力,得到的结果将越好。
④Of the two cameras ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry.
这两个照相机,我喜欢较小的一个,它容易携带。
1.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her, much, still, even, far, any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等。
2.比较级+than ...比……更;less ... than不如……
3.the+比较级,the+比较级,越……,越……
4.the+比较级+of the+名词/代词“(两者中)较……的”。
二、形容词、副词的最高级
①The bridge being ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。
②—Are you pleased with what he has done
—Not a bit.It couldn't be any worse.(2014·银川模拟)
——你对他做的事满意吗?
——一点也不满意。他做的事情糟糕透顶。
③As far as I'm concerned, he is the last man to tell a lie.
就我个人而言,他是最不可能撒谎的人。
1.三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。
2.最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ar, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like等。
3.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。
4.the last表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。
三、倍数表达法
①The new stad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.
为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。
②Peter's jac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ket looked just the same as Jack's, but it cost twice as much as his.
彼得的夹克衫看起来与杰克的一样,但是却是他的价钱的两倍。
③Smoking is harmful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to people's health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.
吸烟对人的健康有害,每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于交通事故的7倍多。
④The output of cars in 2013 is 4 times greater than that of 2012.
2013年小轿车产量是2012年的4倍。
表示倍数的几个句型
1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as ...
2.倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than ...
3.倍数+the+性质名词(size/length/height等)+of ...
4.The+名词+be+倍数+what从句
5.The+名词+be+倍数+that/those of ...
四、形容词作状语
①Having been praise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, happy and satisfied.
被老师表扬之后,这个小女孩非常满意,高兴地跑回家了。
②Scared and alone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who becomes his closest friend.(2013·陕西高考)
由于害怕和孤独,一天Joshua和一只被他叫做Bethlehem的小老鼠成为朋友,那只小老鼠成为了他最亲密的朋友。
形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,并不表示动作的方式。
五、形容词、副词作修饰语的顺序
①The little white wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oden house looks as if it hasn't been cleaned for years.
这个小的白色木房子看上去好像许多年没打扫过了。
②—How was your recent visit to Qingdao
—It was great.We v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )isited some friends, and spent the last few sunny days at the seaside.
——最近你参观青岛玩得怎么样?
——很好。我拜访了一些朋友,在海边度过了最后几个艳阳天。
③The old man dressed in a dirty old black shirt is John's uncle.
穿一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣的老人是约翰的叔叔。
④Students brave eno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ugh to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
足够勇敢参加这次探险课的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。
⑤I make $ 2,000 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a week.60 surely won't make that big a difference to me.(2012·四川高考)
我一周赚2 000美元,60美元对我没多大意义。
1.多个修饰词修饰名词时的常见顺序:限 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定词(these, those)+数量形容词(three)+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large, long, high)+新旧(old)+颜色(red)+国籍(Chinese)+材料(wooden)+用途(writing)+被修饰名词(desk)。
为了方便记忆,不妨试试如下口诀:
“限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍原材料,作用类别往后靠”。
2.副词一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough较特殊,要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。
3.注意下列结构中形容词的位置too/so/that+adj.+a/an+n.。
考点一 形容词、副词的比较等级用法
1.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)It ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y not be a great suggestion. But before ________ is put forward, we'll make do with it.
A.a good one B.a better one
C.the best one D.a best one
解析:选B 句意:它或许不是一个好建议,但在更好的建议被提出之前,我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比较,表示“一条更好的建议”,是泛指,故选B。
2.(2013·天津高考)I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think watching TV every evening is a waste of time — there are ________ meaningful things to do.
A.less B.more
C.the least D.the most
解析:选B 句意:我认为每天晚上看电视 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是浪费时间,因为有更有意义的事可以去做。根据句意可知,此处应用meaningful的比较级形式,故选B。
3.(2013·辽宁高考)This is by far ________ movie that I have ever seen.
A.an inspiring B.a much inspiring
C.the most inspiring D.the more inspiring
解析:选C 句意:这是我曾看过的最鼓舞 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人心的电影了。by far 中用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级或最高级。根据that从句的描述可知,应该选择C项,即用最高级形式。D项,“the+比较级”常常要与由of构成的短语连用。
考点二 形容词、副词辨析
4.(2013·安徽高考)David i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s ________ animal fur, so he won't visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.
A.curious about B.allergic to
C.satisfied with D.fond of
解析:选B (be) curious abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut“对……好奇的”;(be) allergic to“对……过敏的”;(be) satisfied with“对……满意的”;(be) fond of“喜欢”。根据空格后面的so he won't visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house可知,戴维对动物皮毛“过敏”。
5.(2013·福建高考)The F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orbidden City attracts a ________ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.
A.constant B.main
C.powerful D.shallow
解析:选A 句意:紫禁城每天都吸引着络 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )绎不绝的游客,特别是在国庆节期间。a constant stream of visitors表示“络绎不绝的游客”。constant“持续不断的”,符合句意。main“主要的”;powerful“强有力的”;shallow“浅的”。
6.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Tony ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can hardly boil an egg, still ________ cook dinner.
A.less B.little
C.much D.more
解析:选A 句意:托尼几乎不会煮鸡蛋,更何况做饭呢。still less意为“何况,更不用说”,符合句意。
7.(2013·辽宁高考)Ever ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ything seemed to be going ________ for the first two days after I moved to New York.
A.vividly B.generally
C.frequently D.smoothly
解析:选D 句意:我搬到纽约后的前两天一切进展得似乎都很顺利。go smoothly“进展顺利”。
考点三 倍数表达法
8.(2012·新课标全国卷)Thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s restaurant wasn't ________ that other restaurant we went to.
A.half as good as B.as half good as
C.as good as half D.good as half as
解析:选A 句意:这家餐馆还没有我们去过的其他餐馆的一半好呢。本题为倍数表达法之一:倍数+as+adj.原级+as+比较成分。
9.(2011·陕西高考)The ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one.
A.as three times big as
B.three times as big as
C.as big as three times
D.as big three times as
解析:选B 英语中常见的表达 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )倍数的句型有:①... times+as +adj./adv. (原级)+as...; ②...times+adj./adv.(比较级)+than... ; ③...times+the length/width/...+of...。故B项符合。
考点四 形容词作状语
10.(2010·安徽高考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))________ , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A.Shy and cautious
B.Sensitive and thoughtful
C.Honest and confident
D.Lighthearted and optimistic
解析:选D 由后半句的“她用自己的微笑把阳光传播给人们”可知,她无忧无虑而且非常乐观。故选D项。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.(2014·皖南八校高三联考)—I h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave to say that his novel is not a bit interesting.How do you find it
—How come?It's ________ one that I have ever read.
A.a less interesting B.a more interesting
C.a most interesting D.the most interesting
解析:选D 句意:“我不得不说他的小说一点儿 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )也没有趣。你觉得呢?”“怎么会?它是我看过的最有趣的一部小说。”根据句意可知,此处应用形容词的最高级。故答案为D。
2.Her husband's birthd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay is coming.After a long thought, she plans to buy a ________ wallet for him.
A.black leather small B.small black leather
C.small leather black D.black small leather
解析:选B 句意:她丈夫的生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )日要到了。经过长时间考虑,她打算为他买个黑色的小皮夹。根据多个形容词作定语修饰同一名词的排列规律“限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠”可知,B项正确。
3.(2014·镇江高三调研)H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e doesn't know anything about the matter; ________, he doesn't want to get involved.
A.nevertheless B.besides
C.otherwise D.therefore
解析:选B 句意:他对这件事毫不知情,再说,他不想卷入其中。besides“而且,再说”,符合句意。
4.(2014·辽宁丹东四校高三摸底)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was ________ of them to have sent the old people and children to safety in case the flood destroyed their village.
A.tolerant B.considerate
C.typical D.compulsory
解析:选B 句意:他们把老人和孩子送到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )安全的地方以防洪水毁坏村庄的做法是很周到的。tolerant“忍受的”;considerate“体贴的,周到的”;typical“典型的”;compulsory“义务的”。be considerate of意为“替……着想,周到,体谅”,符合句意。
5.(2014·豫西五校联考)Fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nally, the two brothers climbed up the last floor, ________.
A.hungrily and tired B.hungrily and tiredly
C.hungry and tired D.hungry and tiredly
解析:选C 句意:最后,兄弟俩爬上了最后一层,又饿又累。此处用hungry and tired在句中作状语表状态,故选C项。
6.Celine Dion, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala, is ________ as she was 15 years ago.
A.as attractive a star B.as an attractive star
C.attractive as a star D.as attractive star
解析:选A 句意:Celine Dio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n在春节联欢晚会上表演得很精彩,她和15年前一样是一位具有吸引力的明星。as和so/how一样,修饰可数名词单数时的顺序为“as+形容词+不定冠词+可数名词单数”。故选A。
7.(2014·徐州市第一中学模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))According to the latest research, getting enough sleep is ________ to maintaining good health and reducing stress.
A.essential B.promising
C.special D.sensible
解析:选A 句意:最新的研究表明,足够的睡眠对保持健康和减少压力是必要的。essential意为“必要的”,符合句意。
8.(2014·北京八十中月考)—How was your job interview
—Oh, I couldn't fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el ________.I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.
A.better B.easier
C.worse D.happier
解析:选C 根据答语的第二句可推知回答者感觉“再糟糕不过了”,所以答案为C项。
9.(2014·淮安高三质检)Old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )batteries can't be thrown away ________ even when they are no longer useful, because they'll pollute the environment.
A.casually B.partly
C.gradually D.immediately
解析:选A 句意:即使旧 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )电池没有用处了也不能随便扔掉,因为它们会污染环境。casually“随便地”;partly“部分地”;gradually“逐渐地”;immediately“即刻,马上”。根据句意可知A项正确。
10.(2014·安徽七校联考)I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is difficult for children to change their eating habit later in life.________, parents should encourage healthy eating from an early age.
A.Otherwise B.Therefore
C.Besides D.However
解析:选B 句意:因为孩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子的饮食习惯在以后的生活中很难改变,所以父母应在孩子小的时候就鼓励健康的饮食。分析题干可知,句子前后为因果关系,所以选择B。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.(2014·启东中学月考)Wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th the local police's help and efforts, after a long absence, the lost child returned to his parents, safe_and_sound (安然无恙).
2.(2014·河南开封高三第一次模拟)—Have their living conditions improved
—No, no_better_than_before (不比以前好), I'm afraid.
3.(2014·河南豫西五校高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )教学质量检测)Student loans are supposed to provide financial support for the students who would otherwise_not_be_able_to_go_to_college (否则不能上大学).
4.(2014·太原一模)Mr.H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ilton is very pleased with the newly built house, which is almost twice_the_size_of/twice_as_big_as/twice_bigger_than (是两倍大) the one he used to live in.
5.(2013·江西重点中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学盟校高三第一次联考)—How did you find your trip to Baohulu Amusement Park
—I thoroughly e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )njoyed it. It was far_more_interesting_than_I_expected (比我预想的要好玩得多).