2023年北京市高考英语一模、二模试题语法填空分项汇编（原卷版+解析版）

2023年北京市高考英语一模、二模试题语法填空分项汇编
专题02 语法填空
二模汇编
Passage 1
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Growing up in a musical family, Samara Joy tried different music ____1____ (style) when she was a teenager. But ____2____ attracted her most was jazz because of its authenticity (真实性). She told that her songs ____3____ (inspire) by the old jazz songs she liked but with a modern explanation. She was determined to continue seeking to encourage the younger generation to get excited about jazz.
Passage 2
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, ____4____ now a drug detection team is welcoming some newcomers — squirrels (松鼠). Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food ____5____ about 30 centimeters of snow. Being so small and swift, they are able to search for drugs in areas ____6____ dogs may not be able to arrive. Squirrels have been trained to make noises to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs.
Passage 3
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Pillar coral (柱状珊瑚), ____7____ (find) throughout the Caribbean, is critically endangered now. Its population
____8____ (decline) by more than 80 percent since 1990. ____9____(rise) ocean temperatures and pollution make corals more easily get certain deadly diseases. And the pillar coral is really just the tip of the iceberg ____10____ it comes to the difficulty of corals.
Passage 4
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）The skin of a small fish from Thailand is almost completely clear. As it swims, its muscles move,____11____(result) in reflections of many colors. After shining different kinds of light and lasers onto the fish in a laboratory, researchers made a____12____ (discover) that the small structures in its muscles are what turns light into rainbow colors. Other creatures can also create the rainbow effect when colors change. Usually, they have outer surfaces____13____reflect the light, like a butterfly’s wings.
Passage 5
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）With exciting moves, fantastic music and competitors using cool names, breaking is a sport like no other. Also____14____(know) as breakdancing, it will become one of the Olympic sports____15____the Games are held in 2024. It is not yet known how the 2024 Olympic contest____16____(arrange). It is likely that there will be separate female and male battles, and possibly mixed-doubles events with both men and women.
Passage 6
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）As one of China’s ten____17____(famous) teas, Longjing tea is characterized by its green color, delicate smell, rich taste and beautiful shape. The beautiful forms of a bud (嫩芽)____18____one leaf or two leaves are acknowledged as quality tea. The picking work of such tea leaves demands a high accuracy and____19____(depend) largely on hand labor. To improve efficiency, a tea-picking robot was made and it is in trial operation now. It can position____20____ the target bud and leaf are and cut them precisely.
Passage 7
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）The world will observe International Museum Dayon May 18th. Since 1977, this day_____21_____(celebrate) by the International Council of Museums annually to raise awareness of the role that museums play in the development of society. The day is an excellent way of_____22_____(get) more of the younger generations interested in the history and culture available in museums. Every year, the organization_____23_____(decide) on a new theme. And the theme for 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being.
Passage8
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）I am a 22-year-old artist. My journey through art led me to being an environmentalist.
_____24_____we consider waste may be useful when we think about it in a different light. Although largely_____25_____ (ignore), materials thrown away provide plenty of resources for us artists to give them a second life. In my hands, glass bottles, plastic bags, and other waste_____26_____(item) become a form of sustainable art. I want to motivate the people who buy this type of art to contribute to the planet’s welfare.
Passage 9
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming our eyes over some words, we can_____27_____(mental) travel across time and space.
But reading can also be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text.____28____(make) it an easier, more rewarding experience, you’d better read in print whenever possible. One reason for doing so is that our eyes are less likely to skim past printed words than those_____29_____screen. Plus, consuming content on a physical page helps the brain make a mental map of the information,_____30_____in turn makes it easier to remember details in future.
Passage 10
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always ____31____ (fail). But this shot felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved ____32____ (pain), but I went at it anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas ____33____ I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned ____34____ harmony.
Passage 11
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）In recent years, shared vegetable plots have been springing up in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which ____35____ (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits, and leisure areas.“In my previous companies, ____36____ my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for ____37____ (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
Passage 12
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）Sanfutie is a bandage made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that ____38____ (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma, and arthritis. The treatment____39____ (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs that are “hot” in nature, and when____40____ (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
Passage 13
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）As a variant of American football, flag football is a type of sport in which a player must remove a flag belt from the ball carrier to end a down. The first rule of the game is that contact____41____players is not permitted. Recently, it____42____(gain) great popularity in China among young people. It’s engaging and ridiculously fun. That’s why the percentage of people____43____ (join) a flag football club through online channels has risen to a new high level.
Passage 14
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）Old Connections, a telecommunications museum in Seattle, with a working exchange from the 1940s,____44____(show) how telephones brought us together, but also tore us apart. Perhaps it should not be____45____(surprise) that the Internet has brought with it a new wave of horrific destructiveness. History itself is a kind of radio programme, broadcast to us in frequencies that become harder to receive as we forget the old ways. But as long as we keep the ancient exchanges running, we have a way to remember and understand____46____we come from.
Passage 15
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）Wang Dakang, aged 88, is a model of lifelong learning. In the 1980s, he was the first person____47____(accomplish) a round trip of China using only a bicycle. To edit this experience into his book, Wang decided to go to college. At the age of 61, he____48____(admit) into college, majoring in journalism. By 2012, he had completed three majors in college. At present, Wang lives in Leshan, where he spends his days following carefully____49____(plan) routines. His study starts at 6 am every morning, during____50____he reads and takes notes from newspapers. Wang said, “There is so much to learn and I will continue learning until the very end.”
Passage 16
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）Because of the changes that occurred over tea’s extremely long history, the tea-making process ____51____ (become) very complicated and diverse today. To follow the rather strict steps ____52____ may include dozens of smaller steps, generally speaking, it takes about half a month to complete the ____53____ (begin) processes such as tea picking, selecting and drying. In order to reach the highest standard, it takes at least a whole month only to dry the tea as dry as it can get. So it takes several months alone ____54____ good tea products are ready for consumers.
Passage 17
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）To remain competitive throughout their careers, students need to learn how to use an AI writing tool to make worthwhile output ____55____ know how to evaluate its quality, accuracy and originality. They need to learn to compose well-organized essays involving a mix of AI-generated text and ____56____ (tradition) writing. When working into the 2060s and beyond, professionals ____57____ (learn) how to engage productively with AI systems, using them to enhance human creativity.
Passage 18
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal ____58____ (success) without hours of labour. It’s your shortcut that mathematicians ____59____ me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I ____60____ (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Here’s a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the smartest ways of thinking.
一模汇编
Test 1
（2023·北京东城·统考一模）On a particular sunny day, little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels. When the neighborhood kids ____1____ (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike, they raced over ____2____ (help). Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement. Mykel was not alone as he tried to reach his goal of learning to ride his bike! Some things are ____3____ (easy) said than done. However, with a little help from friends, things go better!
Test 2
（2023·北京东城·统考一模）Renewable methods for ____4____ (produce) electricity, such as wind turbines and solar panels, can only provide power on the days ____5____ wind blows or the sun shines. Electric batteries ____6____ (use) to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting. Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work, heating 100 tons of sand to around 500℃. The sand stays hot for months; when energy ____7____ (require), air can be pumped through it and heated up. The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.
Test 3
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模）“Conventional wisdom tells us that we can feel happier if we smile or that we can get ourselves ____8____ a more serious mood if we scowl(怒视),” said Nicholas Coles, a PhD at Utah University. His team combined data from 138 studies testing more than 11,000 participants and found facial ____9____(express) do have impact on feelings. For example, smiling makes people happier, scowling makes them feel angrier, and frowning makes them ____10____(sad). These finding are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and body interact ____11____(influence) our conscious experience of emotion.
Test 4
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模）By drawing patterns such as bamboos on the surface of a cup of tea, Chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick ____12____(go) viral recently. There are a dozen steps, from grinding tea for fine powder, to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫), and finally drawing patterns. Clear water it used to put into the cup. When the water ____13____(touch) the surface of tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before drawing is known as “diancha.” The quality of it is crucial to ____14____ the patterns can be successfully produced later.
Test 5
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）Beijing Olympic Park, also ____15____ (know) as the Olympic Green, is located in Chaoyang District, Beijing, with a total land area of 11.59 square kilometers. The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest” is the centerpiece of the park, ____16____ the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were hosted. The National Aquatics Center or “Water Cube” hosted the swimming, diving and synchronized swimming events. It was transformed ____17____ the “Ice Cube” for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and detachable curling tracks were built on the swimming pool to host curling events.
Test 6
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）When I was seven years old, I caught a cold and had to stay at home. My parents had to work, so my neighbor came over to look after me. She read many different books to me ____18____ (patient), including adventures set in ancient times, travel stories, family dramas, historical novels, etc. To my joy, ____19____ (listen) to each book made me feel like watching a movie, but better because books gave much more details than movies. She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I ____20____ (have) a job teaching English. I hope that I can transfer the love of reading to my students.
Test 7
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模I’ve loved photography since I was a teenager. My parents recorded many home videos of my siblings and me. Cherished family moments ____21____(document). Revisiting them was like opening a treasure chest. I’m grateful for these visual records ____22____ showed our youth and growth. Film had a big influence on me. I love the emotions conveyed by the story on video. For a decade I worked as a freelance filmmaker and photographer. I recorded a wide range of genres, therefore ____23____(collect) tens of thousands of images—both still and moving.
Test 8
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our ____24____ (diary). It happens on June 5 every year and should be one of the most important days of the holiday calendar. WED ____25____ (create) in 1972 by the United Nations General Assembly. The environment wasn’t such a big issue back then. But it is one of the hottest topics in the world today. WED helps raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment. ____26____ people can do that day is to start changing lifestyles to reduce their carbon footprint. Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year. These events encourage both governments and local communities to work together ____27____ (handle) environmental problems.
Test 9
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee ____28____ (visit) my school. For the previous weeks, I had been trained on ____29____ to be a volunteer for it.
The exciting race began, Cathy and I waited patiently until word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon, we ____30____ (quick) poured water into the cups for them. After the last runner passed, Cathy and I started clearing up. Tired and wet with sweat, we felt good.
Test 10
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）This year, the 13th Spring Festival Joint Exhibition of Chinese Books, ____31____ theme was “Reading China”, was held on January 24th in 85 bookstores worldwide. It ____32____(carry) out a variety of activities such as book exhibitions and cultural performances. Books displayed in the exhibition were philosophical and artistic, which closely met the needs of overseas readers. Overall, this year’s book exhibition presented the newest and ____33____(fine) Chinese publications to local readers so that they could better understand China in the new era.
Test 11
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）Smoke jumpers are firefighters, trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can’t reach. They travel in small planes and, ____34____(use) a parachute, jump into remote wild areas to fight fires. Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly. While a fire is still small, the pilot ____35____(drop) team members into the area as needed. Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading. Water is sent down to them. Smoke jumpers must be ____36____(high) trained, very experienced and extremely fit. Their job is very dangerous.
Test 12
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）It’s said that for the Englishman, his house is his castle. However, this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others ____37____ (invite) to see. For the British, the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world. It’s a private place in which he goes to hide away ____38____ the troubles of life. To the American, the home is an expression of ____39____ (he). Much money is often spent on each and every room ____40____ (create) the right “feel” according to the person’s lifestyle. Therefore, he is happy to show his house to others.
Test 13
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）
My name is Barbara and I work at a department store. I ____41____(work) there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff. Then I changed my name tag from “Barb” to “Barbie”. ____42____made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me. “Is she really Barbie ” they asked. I changed it at my other job, too and began answering the phone, “This is Barbie. How can I help you ” The callers have gotten used to that over time, ninety percent of ____43____now respond with my name: “Barbie, can you tell me.” Pronouncing that long “e” sound forces your mouth into a smile, but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
Test 14
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise ____44____ (appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman.
The American superstar ____45____ (spot) with a young physically-challenged Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS. It ____46____ (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. But the determined young man refused to let his condition prevent his thirst ____47____ life and decided to take on a range of sports — tackling everything from rock climbing, football, ice hockey to swimming.
Test 15
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）My son Zack suffered from autism (自闭症)when he was two. Watching a movie together was an important routine for us. On an ordinary spring day, we were enjoying one of his favorite movies that he ____48____ (see) many times before. I took his hand as usual. Suddenly he stood up and wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug. You could imagine ____49____ excited I was. Although it was just a hug, it meant a lot to me, ____50____(fill) me with great joy.
Test 16
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）ChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence technology ____51____(create) by Open AI. It enables machines to understand and respond to human conversations in a ____52____(nature) and conversational way. ChatGPT has shaken the tech world since it was opened for public use last year. While it certainly comes across as knowledgeable, it’s far ____53____ perfect. It cannot answer questions about things that have happened recently because it____54____(train) using data from 2021 and before.
Test 17
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）According to some food experts, it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. Of course, each person’s comfort food largely depends on the place ____55____ they come — for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, ____56____ (serve) hot, salty and sour. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ____57____ (give) us the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of homesickness.
Test 18
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they____58____ (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however ____59____(use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy,_____60_____is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas_____61_____ (locate) far from a power grid (电网).
Test 19
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Wang was born and grew up in America, but she____62____(build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of ____63____ (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. “I love hanfu. I’ve made many videos,____64____(aim) to help more people learn about it,” Wang told Beijing Review.
Test 20
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears____65____(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners____66____being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out____67____dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
Test 21
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）As products of nature, shells have developed a bond with people since the period of cavemen, ____68____ images in the cave paintings show them wearing shells. Today, in Fujian Province, experts are turning the natural gifts into shell-carved artworks by ____69____ (integrate) techniques from jade and wood carving, as well as traditional Chinese painting. In 2021, a shell carving art museum was established, where the craft’s history has been publicized. The experts hope they ____70____ (explore) new techniques in the future to carry this ancient craft forward.
Test 22
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）Since ChatGPT’s launch in November last year, it has become an immediate hit that is both entertaining and alarming ____71____ (it) users. Given a command or question, the chatbot is able to return convincing essays, simple recipes and even life advice in a matter of ____72____ (second). This impressive achievement ____73____ (obtain) by a large language model. Many are wondering ____74____ could be next for this technology and where the technology could end up.
Test 23
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）Nick was riding his bike along the Arching River when he noticed something ____75____ (usual) in the water. He took a closer look and saw a pair of fin-like things circling above the river’s surface. ____76____ (confuse) by what he had seen, Nick took a video and posted it on the Internet. Days later, some researchers confirmed that he ____77____ (spot) two dolphins— the first cetacean (鲸目动物) sighted in this river since 2017—and this suggested the efforts to restore the health of the river were paying off.
Test 24
（2023·北京·模拟预测）Hand-washing ___78___(be)one of the simplest and most effective ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19. And yet, some people still fail ___79___ (wash)their hands effectively. However, there is one last procedure ___80___might save the day–how they dry their hands.
Scientist from the University of Leeds, UK, found that both paper towels ___81___jet air hand dryers–the two main ways people dry their hands in public toilets–can ___82___ (significant) reduce virus contamination(污染).But there is still a big difference between the two.
In their study, scientists contaminated the hands of participants with a harmless virus. To simulate(模拟)poorly washed hands, participants ___83___ (ask) not to wash them at all before either wiping them with paper towels or ___84___(put) them under a hand dryer. Scientists then tested surfaces that the participants touched afterward–doors, elevator buttons and phones,___85___example. They found that on 10 out of 11 surfaces, the contamination was much ___86___(heavy) after being touched by a blow-dried hand than a towel-wiped hand.
So the next time you use a public toilet, make sure you dry your hands with a paper towel, ideally after ____87____(second) of careful hand-washing.2023年北京市高考英语一模、二模试题语法填空分项汇编
专题02 语法填空
二模汇编
Passage 1
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Growing up in a musical family, Samara Joy tried different music ____1____ (style) when she was a teenager. But ____2____ attracted her most was jazz because of its authenticity (真实性). She told that her songs ____3____ (inspire) by the old jazz songs she liked but with a modern explanation. She was determined to continue seeking to encourage the younger generation to get excited about jazz.
【答案】1．styles 2．what 3．were inspired
【导语】这是一个记叙文。文章主要介绍了Samara Joy的家庭以及她喜欢的音乐风格。
1．考查名词复数。句意：萨马拉·乔伊生长在一个音乐世家，十几岁的时候就尝试过不同的音乐风格。空前有形容词different，故空处需要填可数名词的复数形式。故填styles。
2．考查主语从句。句意：但最吸引她的是爵士乐，因为它的真实性。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为was，故was前为主语从句；从句中缺少主语，并需要表示“什么（东西）”，故需要用连接代词what。故填what。
3．考查动词语态。句意：她说，她的歌曲灵感来自她喜欢的老爵士歌曲，但有一个现代的解释。结合题干，此处需要填从句中的谓语动词，其中时态需要和主句中的told进行对应，用一般过去时态；her songs和inspire为动宾关系，her songs为复数，故需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were inspired。
Passage 2
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, ____4____ now a drug detection team is welcoming some newcomers — squirrels (松鼠). Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food ____5____ about 30 centimeters of snow. Being so small and swift, they are able to search for drugs in areas ____6____ dogs may not be able to arrive. Squirrels have been trained to make noises to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs.
【答案】4．but/yet/while 5．under/beneath 6．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了缉毒松鼠。
4．考查连词。句意：缉毒曾是狗狗们的特殊工作，但现在一支缉毒队迎来了新成员——松鼠。结合句意可知，前后句是转折关系，可用连词but/yet/while连接，故填but/yet/while。
5．考查介词。句意：松鼠的嗅觉非常灵敏，因为它们可以在30厘米厚的雪下闻到食物。根据“about 30 centimeters of snow”可知，此处指“在30厘米厚的雪下面”，用介词under或beneath。故填under/beneath。
6．考查定语从句。句意：由于体型小、速度快，它们能够在狗狗无法到达的地方寻找毒品。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是areas，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。
Passage 3
（2023·北京顺义·统考二模）Pillar coral (柱状珊瑚), ____7____ (find) throughout the Caribbean, is critically endangered now. Its population
____8____ (decline) by more than 80 percent since 1990. ____9____(rise) ocean temperatures and pollution make corals more easily get certain deadly diseases. And the pillar coral is really just the tip of the iceberg ____10____ it comes to the difficulty of corals.
【答案】7．found 8．has declined 9．Rising 10．when
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是遍布加勒比海的柱状珊瑚现在濒临灭绝。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：遍布加勒比海的柱状珊瑚现在濒临灭绝。句中is是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，Pillar coral和find之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填found。
8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1990年以来，它的人口减少了80%以上。由“since 1990”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语population是不可数名词，因此空格处是has declined。故填has declined。
9．考查形容词。句意：不断上升的海洋温度和污染使珊瑚更容易患上某些致命疾病。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词“ocean temperatures and pollution”，根据语境可知，句子表示“不断上升的海洋温度和污染使珊瑚更容易患上某些致命疾病”，空格处意为“不断上升的”，是形容词rising，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Rising。
10．考查固定短语。句意：当谈到珊瑚的困难时，柱状珊瑚真的只是冰山一角。when it comes to是固定短语，意为“当谈到”，因此空格处是when。故填when。
Passage 4
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）The skin of a small fish from Thailand is almost completely clear. As it swims, its muscles move,____11____(result) in reflections of many colors. After shining different kinds of light and lasers onto the fish in a laboratory, researchers made a____12____ (discover) that the small structures in its muscles are what turns light into rainbow colors. Other creatures can also create the rainbow effect when colors change. Usually, they have outer surfaces____13____reflect the light, like a butterfly’s wings.
【答案】11．resulting 12．discovery 13．that/which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是泰国的一种几乎完全透明的鱼。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：当它游泳时，它的肌肉会运动，从而反射出许多颜色。句中谓语是move，空格处用非谓语动词，用现在分词表结果，故填resulting。
12．考查名词。句意：在实验室里，研究人员将不同种类的光和激光照射到鱼身上后，发现它肌肉中的小结构是将光变成彩虹色的原因。a后跟可数名词的单数形式，根据语境和句意可知，此处意为“发现”，名词是discovery。故填discovery。
13．考查定语从句。句意：通常，它们有反射光线的外表面，就像蝴蝶的翅膀。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词surfaces是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
Passage 5
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）With exciting moves, fantastic music and competitors using cool names, breaking is a sport like no other. Also____14____(know) as breakdancing, it will become one of the Olympic sports____15____the Games are held in 2024. It is not yet known how the 2024 Olympic contest____16____(arrange). It is likely that there will be separate female and male battles, and possibly mixed-doubles events with both men and women.
【答案】14．known 15．when 16．will be arranged
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。霹雳舞将成为2024年奥运会的比赛项目，并且很可能会有男女分开的比赛，也可能有男女混双比赛。
14．考查过去分词。句意：它也被称为霹雳舞，将在2024年奥运会举行时成为奥运会项目之一。根据句意和所给动词know可知，空格处应该填入know的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词know和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词known作状语。故填known。
15．考查连词。句意：它也被称为霹雳舞，将在2024年奥运会举行时成为奥运会项目之一。根据句意及所给句子可知，空格后的部分是一个时间状语从句，所以空格处引导时间状语从句，且意义为“在……时候”，所以应该用when。故填when。
16．考查时态和语态。句意：目前还不知道2024年奥运会的比赛将如何安排。根据句意和所给动词arrange可知，空格处是主语从句的谓语部分，从句的主语the 2024 Olympic contest和动词arrange之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；由句中的in 2024可知，句子应该用一般将来时。故填will be arranged。
Passage 6
（2023·北京丰台·统考二模）As one of China’s ten____17____(famous) teas, Longjing tea is characterized by its green color, delicate smell, rich taste and beautiful shape. The beautiful forms of a bud (嫩芽)____18____one leaf or two leaves are acknowledged as quality tea. The picking work of such tea leaves demands a high accuracy and____19____(depend) largely on hand labor. To improve efficiency, a tea-picking robot was made and it is in trial operation now. It can position____20____ the target bud and leaf are and cut them precisely.
【答案】17．most famous 18．with 19．depends 20．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国十大名茶之一的龙井茶的特点，以及为了提高采茶效率而制作的采茶机器人的情况。
17．考查形容词。句意：龙井茶是中国十大名茶之一。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填一个形容词作定语修饰tea。根据提示词famous可知它已经是一个形容词，就要考虑形容词的比较级或最高级，根据句意可知是十大最著名的茶。要用形容词的最高级。故填most famous。
18．考查介词。句意：带有一片或两片叶子的美丽嫩芽被公认为优质茶叶。空格处是无提示，根据one leaf or two leaves可知是用名词描述a bud的特点。所以可以推理出空格处要填一个介词。根据句意，是带有或具有的意思。故填with。
19．考查动词。句意：这种茶叶的采摘工作要求高精度，并且在很大程度上依赖手工劳动。根据句中的and可知，括号里的动词和前面的demands是并列关系，所以空格处也是一般现在时，故填depends。
20．考查宾语从句。句意：它可以定位目标芽和叶子的位置，并精确地采摘它们。分析句子成分可知，it是主语，can position and cut 是并列的谓语动词，“the target bud and leaf are”是一个宾语从句做position的宾语，根据句意可知“定位位置在什么地方”。故填where。
Passage 7
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）The world will observe International Museum Dayon May 18th. Since 1977, this day_____21_____(celebrate) by the International Council of Museums annually to raise awareness of the role that museums play in the development of society. The day is an excellent way of_____22_____(get) more of the younger generations interested in the history and culture available in museums. Every year, the organization_____23_____(decide) on a new theme. And the theme for 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being.
【答案】21．has been celebrated 22．getting 23．decides
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是国际博物馆日。
21．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自1977年以来，国际博物馆理事会每年都会庆祝这一天，以提高人们对博物馆在社会发展中所起作用的认识。由Since 1977可知，句子时态用现在完成时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语this day是单数，因此空格处是has been celebrated，故填has been celebrated。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天是让更多的年轻一代对博物馆的历史和文化感兴趣的好方法。fo是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填getting。
23．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每年，该组织都会决定一个新的主题。由Every year可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语organization是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填decides。
Passage8
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）I am a 22-year-old artist. My journey through art led me to being an environmentalist.
_____24_____we consider waste may be useful when we think about it in a different light. Although largely_____25_____ (ignore), materials thrown away provide plenty of resources for us artists to give them a second life. In my hands, glass bottles, plastic bags, and other waste_____26_____(item) become a form of sustainable art. I want to motivate the people who buy this type of art to contribute to the planet’s welfare.
【答案】24．What 25．ignored 26．items
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的艺术之旅作者我成为了一名环保主义者。
24．考查名词性从句。句意：当我们从不同的角度思考时，我们认为浪费的东西可能是有用的。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句。从句缺少宾语补足语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
25．考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然在很大程度上被忽视，但被丢弃的材料为我们艺术家提供了大量的资源，让它们重获新生。Although引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同时，则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。从句省略了they were，所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填ignored。
26．考查名词复数。句意：在我的手中，玻璃瓶、塑料袋和其他废物变成了一种可持续的艺术形式。other后常接复数名词。故填items。
Passage 9
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming our eyes over some words, we can_____27_____(mental) travel across time and space.
But reading can also be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text.____28____(make) it an easier, more rewarding experience, you’d better read in print whenever possible. One reason for doing so is that our eyes are less likely to skim past printed words than those_____29_____screen. Plus, consuming content on a physical page helps the brain make a mental map of the information,_____30_____in turn makes it easier to remember details in future.
【答案】27．mentally 28．To make 29．on 30．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。阅读是一种独特的人类体验。阅读时，我们应该尽可能地阅读纸质书。
27．考查副词。句意：只要我们的眼睛掠过一些单词，我们就可以在精神上穿越时空。根据句意和所给形容词mental分析句子可知，空格处应该填入mental的副词形式mentally作状语，修饰谓语动词。故填mentally。
28．考查不定式。句意：为了让阅读变得更容易、更有意义，你最好尽可能地阅读纸质书。根据句意和所给动词make分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式to make作目的状语。故填To make。
29．考查介词。句意：这样做的一个原因是，与屏幕上的单词相比，我们的眼睛更不太可能跳过印刷的单词。根据句意和空格后的名词screen可知，空格处应该填入介词on和名词screen搭配，on screen（在屏幕上）。故填on。
30．考查定语从句。句意：此外，在实体页面上浏览内容有助于大脑对信息进行心理映射，这反过来又使其更容易在未来记住细节。根据句意分析句子可知，　　　　in turn makes it easier to remember details in future.是一个非限制性定语从句，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替前面句子的内容在从句中作主语，所以，应该用关系代词which。故填which。
Passage 10
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always ____31____ (fail). But this shot felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved ____32____ (pain), but I went at it anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas ____33____ I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned ____34____ harmony.
【答案】31．failed 32．painful 33．where 34．in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者学习骑自行车的过程。
31．考查时态。句意：我试过几次，但总是失败。设空处为谓语，根据上文时态可知应是一般过去时，故填failed。
32．考查形容词。句意：学习的过程是痛苦的，但我还是坚持了下来。proved在句中用作连系动词，设空处为表语，应用形容词，故填painful。
33．考查定语从句。句意：一开始，我每天都在车辆稀少的后街日常骑行，然后逐渐骑自行车到更繁忙的地区，在那里我可以和遛狗的人共用一条街。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词busier areas，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
34．考查固定短语。句意：我也可以和邻居打招呼，欣赏一切是如何和谐地运转。短语in harmony意为“和谐地”，固定搭配，符合句意和语境，故填in。
Passage 11
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）In recent years, shared vegetable plots have been springing up in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which ____35____ (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits, and leisure areas.“In my previous companies, ____36____ my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for ____37____ (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
【答案】35．comes 36．what 37．themselves
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍北京的共享生态农场变得越来越受欢迎。
35．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：北京的共享生态农场就是一个典型的例子，它有共享的菜地、烧烤场和休闲区。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是which指代先行词A shared ecological farm，谓语用第三人称单数，故填comes。
36．考查主语从句。句意：这位创始人说：“在我以前的公司里，同事们讨论的总是食品质量，以及他们有多喜欢有机农产品。”分析可知，设空处连接主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“所……的”，故填what。
37．考查反身代词。句意：这在一定程度上使农业受到欢迎，因为人们可以自己看到蔬菜的来源，并对质量有信心。分析可知，设空处作宾语，并且指代主语自己，所以应用反身代词，故填themselves。
Passage 12
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）Sanfutie is a bandage made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that ____38____ (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma, and arthritis. The treatment____39____ (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs that are “hot” in nature, and when____40____ (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
【答案】38．receiving 39．is based 40．applied
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍三伏贴的用途和原理
38．考查动名词。句意：人们相信，在最热的夏天服用三伏贴对咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎有效。分析可知，设空处为主语，应用动名词形式，故填receiving。
39．考查时态和语态。句意：该疗法基于中医阴阳原理，认为身体中两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。设空处为谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语The treatment为主语，谓语用第三人称单数，故填is based。
40．考查过去分词。句意：三伏贴含有一种“热”的草药膏，当应用于特定的穴位时，通常是在背部和颈部，它会给身体注入阳气。分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，并且和when构成状语从句的省略，故填applied。
Passage 13
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）As a variant of American football, flag football is a type of sport in which a player must remove a flag belt from the ball carrier to end a down. The first rule of the game is that contact____41____players is not permitted. Recently, it____42____(gain) great popularity in China among young people. It’s engaging and ridiculously fun. That’s why the percentage of people____43____ (join) a flag football club through online channels has risen to a new high level.
【答案】41．between 42．has gained 43．joining
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了夺旗橄榄球在中国年轻人中很受欢迎。
41．考查介词。句意：比赛的第一条规则是球员之间不允许有身体接触。表示“在两者之间”应用介词between。故填between。
42．考查动词时态。句意：最近，它在中国年轻人中很受欢迎。根据时间状语“recently”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has gained。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是为什么通过在线渠道加入夺旗橄榄球俱乐部的人的比例上升到一个新的高度。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has risen，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，people和join为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填joining。
Passage 14
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）Old Connections, a telecommunications museum in Seattle, with a working exchange from the 1940s,____44____(show) how telephones brought us together, but also tore us apart. Perhaps it should not be____45____(surprise) that the Internet has brought with it a new wave of horrific destructiveness. History itself is a kind of radio programme, broadcast to us in frequencies that become harder to receive as we forget the old ways. But as long as we keep the ancient exchanges running, we have a way to remember and understand____46____we come from.
【答案】44．shows 45．surprising 46．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以西雅图的电信博物馆“旧连接”一台从20世纪40年代就开始运作的交换机引入话题，告诉我们要保留古老的交流方式。
44．考查动词时态。句意：西雅图的电信博物馆“旧连接”(Old Connections) 拥有一台从20世纪40年代就开始运作的交换机，它展示了电话是如何让我们走到一起的，但也让我们分开了。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语Old Connections是专有名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填shows。
45．考查形容词。句意：互联网带来了一波可怕的破坏性浪潮，也许这并不奇怪。空处需填形容词作表语，修饰后文提到的事情，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故填surprising。
46．考查宾语从句。句意：但只要我们保持这种古老的交流，我们就有办法记住和理解我们来自哪里。空处引导宾语从句，句子缺少地点副词，用连接副词where引导。故填where。
Passage 15
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）Wang Dakang, aged 88, is a model of lifelong learning. In the 1980s, he was the first person____47____(accomplish) a round trip of China using only a bicycle. To edit this experience into his book, Wang decided to go to college. At the age of 61, he____48____(admit) into college, majoring in journalism. By 2012, he had completed three majors in college. At present, Wang lives in Leshan, where he spends his days following carefully____49____(plan) routines. His study starts at 6 am every morning, during____50____he reads and takes notes from newspapers. Wang said, “There is so much to learn and I will continue learning until the very end.”
【答案】47．to accomplish 48．was admitted 49．planned 50．which
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了骑游中国的王大康的人生经历。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：在20世纪80年代，他是第一个只用自行车完成中国往返旅行的人。名词person前面有the first修饰，需填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to accomplish。
48．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：61岁时，他被大学录取了，主修新闻专业。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，be admitted into为固定短语，意为“被……录取”，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was admitted。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，王住在乐山，在那里他每天都按照精心安排的日程生活。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词routines，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填planned。
50．考查定语从句。句意：他每天早上6点开始学习，在此期间他阅读并从报纸上做笔记。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作介词during的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
Passage 16
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）Because of the changes that occurred over tea’s extremely long history, the tea-making process ____51____ (become) very complicated and diverse today. To follow the rather strict steps ____52____ may include dozens of smaller steps, generally speaking, it takes about half a month to complete the ____53____ (begin) processes such as tea picking, selecting and drying. In order to reach the highest standard, it takes at least a whole month only to dry the tea as dry as it can get. So it takes several months alone ____54____ good tea products are ready for consumers.
【答案】51．has become 52．which/that 53．beginning 54．before
【导语】这是一篇说明文。由于茶在极其漫长的历史中发生了变化，今天的制茶过程变得非常复杂和多样化。要遵循相当严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。为了达到最高标准，至少要花整整一个月的时间才能把茶弄干。因此，好的茶叶产品要为消费者准备好就需要几个月的时间。
51．考查时态。句意：由于茶在极其漫长的历史中发生了变化，今天的制茶过程变得非常复杂和多样化。此处过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时，主语为the tea-making process，助动词用has。故填has become。
52．考查定语从句。句意：要遵循相当严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。定语从句修饰先行词steps，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。
53．考查名词。句意：要遵循相当严格的步骤，可能包括几十个小步骤，一般来说，需要大约半个月的时间来完成采摘，选择和干燥等最初的过程。作定语修饰名词processes，应用beginning。故填beginning。
54．考查固定句型。句意：因此，好的茶叶产品要为消费者准备好就需要几个月的时间。此处为it takes+一段时间+ before，表示“过多久才……”。故填before。
Passage 17
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）To remain competitive throughout their careers, students need to learn how to use an AI writing tool to make worthwhile output ____55____ know how to evaluate its quality, accuracy and originality. They need to learn to compose well-organized essays involving a mix of AI-generated text and ____56____ (tradition) writing. When working into the 2060s and beyond, professionals ____57____ (learn) how to engage productively with AI systems, using them to enhance human creativity.
【答案】55．and 56．traditional 57．will learn
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了在整个职业生涯中保持竞争力，学生们需要学习如何使用人工智能写作工具做出有价值的产出，并知道如何评估其质量、准确性和独创性。他们需要学习撰写组织良好的文章，包括人工智能生成的文本和传统写作的结合。在20世纪60年代及以后的工作中，专业人士将学习如何有效地使用人工智能系统，利用它们来增强人类的创造力。
55．考查连词。句意：为了在整个职业生涯中保持竞争力，学生们需要学习如何使用人工智能写作工具做出有价值的产出，并知道如何评估其质量、准确性和独创性。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
56．考查形容词。句意：他们需要学习撰写组织良好的文章，包括人工智能生成的文本和传统写作的结合。修饰名词writing应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
57．考查时态。句意：在20世纪60年代及以后的工作中，专业人士将学习如何有效地使用人工智能系统，利用它们来增强人类的创造力。根据上文When working into the 2060s and beyond可知为一般将来时。故填will learn。
Passage 18
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal ____58____ (success) without hours of labour. It’s your shortcut that mathematicians ____59____ me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I ____60____ (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Here’s a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the smartest ways of thinking.
【答案】58．successfully 59．like 60．was producing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的新书。
58．考查副词。句意：我的新书颂扬了数学思维的力量，它能让你不花几个小时就成功地达到目标。修饰动词get应用副词successfully，故填successfully。
59．考查介词。句意：这是像我这样的数学家想出来的通往目的地的捷径。后跟me作宾语，表示“像”应用like。故填like。
60．考查时态。句意：当然，当我在写《思考得更好：捷径的艺术》的时候，我读了不少书。此处从句表示动作正在进行，且发生在过去，用过去进行时，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was producing。
一模汇编
Test 1
（2023·北京东城·统考一模）On a particular sunny day, little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels. When the neighborhood kids ____1____ (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike, they raced over ____2____ (help). Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement. Mykel was not alone as he tried to reach his goal of learning to ride his bike! Some things are ____3____ (easy) said than done. However, with a little help from friends, things go better!
【答案】1．spotted 2．to help 3．easier
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Mykel学习骑自行车时得到周围孩子的帮助的故事。
1．考查一般过去时。句意：当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时，他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语“On a particular sunny day”及主句中的“raced”可知，文章是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填spotted。
2．考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。
Test 2
（2023·北京东城·统考一模）Renewable methods for ____4____ (produce) electricity, such as wind turbines and solar panels, can only provide power on the days ____5____ wind blows or the sun shines. Electric batteries ____6____ (use) to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting. Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work, heating 100 tons of sand to around 500℃. The sand stays hot for months; when energy ____7____ (require), air can be pumped through it and heated up. The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.
【答案】4．producing 5．when 6．used 7．is required
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰科学家提出的一个利用沙子的可再生发电方式。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。空前为介词for，故空处需要填动名词doing的形式构成“介宾”结构。故填producing。
5．考查定语从句。句意：可再生发电方法，如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板，只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the days，表“时间”，从句中不缺主、宾、表和定语，故填关系副词。故填when。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：用来储存能量的电池价格昂贵，而且会造成污染。本句已有动词are,且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词与空前名词之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
7．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当需要能量时，空气可以通过它来加热。结合句意可知，此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；动词require和单数主语energy为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be done的形式。故填is required。
Test 3
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模）“Conventional wisdom tells us that we can feel happier if we smile or that we can get ourselves ____8____ a more serious mood if we scowl(怒视),” said Nicholas Coles, a PhD at Utah University. His team combined data from 138 studies testing more than 11,000 participants and found facial ____9____(express) do have impact on feelings. For example, smiling makes people happier, scowling makes them feel angrier, and frowning makes them ____10____(sad). These finding are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and body interact ____11____(influence) our conscious experience of emotion.
【答案】8．in 9．expressions 10．sadder 11．to influence
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究发现面部表情对情绪有影响。
8．考查介词。句意：犹他大学的尼古拉斯·科尔斯博士说:“传统观念告诉我们，微笑会让我们感到更快乐，皱眉会让我们的心情更严肃。”in a more serious mood为固定短语，意为“处于更严肃的情绪”。故填in。
9．考查名词。句意：他的团队综合了对1.1万多名参与者进行的138项研究的数据，发现面部表情确实对情绪有影响。分析句子可知，“facial 　　2　　(express) do have impact on feelings”是宾语从句，提示词是从句中主语，应用名词expression作主语，结合谓语中助动词do可知，主语是复数名词。故填expressions。
10．考查形容词比较级。句意：例如，微笑让人更快乐，皱眉让人更生气，皱眉让人更悲伤。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，且空处和happier，angrier并列，空处需填形容词比较级作宾语补足语。故填sadder。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些发现令人兴奋，因为它们提供了一个线索，说明大脑和身体是如何相互作用，影响我们对情感的有意识体验的。空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to influence。
Test 4
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模）By drawing patterns such as bamboos on the surface of a cup of tea, Chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick ____12____(go) viral recently. There are a dozen steps, from grinding tea for fine powder, to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫), and finally drawing patterns. Clear water it used to put into the cup. When the water ____13____(touch) the surface of tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before drawing is known as “diancha.” The quality of it is crucial to ____14____ the patterns can be successfully produced later.
【答案】12．has gone 13．touches 14．whether
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种古老的中国茶艺——茶百戏。
12．考查动词时态。句意：在一杯茶的表面画上竹子的图案，这是一种古老的中国茶艺，茶百戏，最近在网上疯传。根据时间状语“recently”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为an ancient Chinese tea trick，助动词用has。故填has gone。
13．考查动词时态。句意：当水接触到茶的表面时，它会变成白色，并在20分钟内消失。when引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词，主句谓语动词turns是一般现在时，从句也使用一般现在时，主语为the water，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填touches。
14．考查宾语从句。句意：它的质量对于以后是否能成功地制作出图案至关重要。空处引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，从句不缺成分，连接词表示“是否”，需用whether引导。故填whether。
Test 5
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）Beijing Olympic Park, also ____15____ (know) as the Olympic Green, is located in Chaoyang District, Beijing, with a total land area of 11.59 square kilometers. The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest” is the centerpiece of the park, ____16____ the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were hosted. The National Aquatics Center or “Water Cube” hosted the swimming, diving and synchronized swimming events. It was transformed ____17____ the “Ice Cube” for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and detachable curling tracks were built on the swimming pool to host curling events.
【答案】15．known 16．where 17．into##to
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：北京奥林匹克公园，又称奥林匹克公园，位于北京市朝阳区，总土地面积11.59平方公里。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，主语Beijing Olympic Park与know之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
16．考查定语从句。句意：著名的国家体育馆或者“鸟巢”是公园的中心，在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥会的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest”，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。故填where。
17．考查介词。句意：为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会，将它改造成了“冰立方”，并在游泳池上建造了可拆卸的冰壶跑道，以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“转变为，改变为”，表达为be transformed into/to。故填into/to。
Test 6
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）When I was seven years old, I caught a cold and had to stay at home. My parents had to work, so my neighbor came over to look after me. She read many different books to me ____18____ (patient), including adventures set in ancient times, travel stories, family dramas, historical novels, etc. To my joy, ____19____ (listen) to each book made me feel like watching a movie, but better because books gave much more details than movies. She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I ____20____ (have) a job teaching English. I hope that I can transfer the love of reading to my students.
【答案】18．patiently 19．listening 20．will have##am going to have
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候，邻居激发了作者的阅读兴趣。
18．考查副词。句意：她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书，包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说等。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填patiently。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：让我高兴的是，每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影，但更好，因为书比电影提供了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。
20．考查时态。句意：明年，大学毕业后，我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Next year可知，用一般将来时。故填will have/am going to have。
Test 7
（2023·北京海淀·石家庄市第四十二中学统考一模I’ve loved photography since I was a teenager. My parents recorded many home videos of my siblings and me. Cherished family moments ____21____(document). Revisiting them was like opening a treasure chest. I’m grateful for these visual records ____22____ showed our youth and growth. Film had a big influence on me. I love the emotions conveyed by the story on video. For a decade I worked as a freelance filmmaker and photographer. I recorded a wide range of genres, therefore ____23____(collect) tens of thousands of images—both still and moving.
【答案】21．were documented 22．which##that 23．collecting
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父母在童年为他和兄弟姐妹们录像对他成为一位电影制作人和摄影师的影响。
21．考查动词时态语态。句意：珍贵的家庭时刻被记录下来。空处作谓语，和主语moments为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合上文“recorded”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were documented。
22．考查定语从句。句意：我很感激这些记录我们青春和成长的影像。空处引导定语从句，先行词records，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：我录制的题材广泛，因此收集了数以万计的图像——有静止的，也有移动的。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词recorded，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，I和collect为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填collecting。
Test 8
（2023·北京房山·统考一模）World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our ____24____ (diary). It happens on June 5 every year and should be one of the most important days of the holiday calendar. WED ____25____ (create) in 1972 by the United Nations General Assembly. The environment wasn’t such a big issue back then. But it is one of the hottest topics in the world today. WED helps raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment. ____26____ people can do that day is to start changing lifestyles to reduce their carbon footprint. Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year. These events encourage both governments and local communities to work together ____27____ (handle) environmental problems.
【答案】24．diaries 25．was created 26．What 27．to handle
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。
24．考查名词的数。句意：世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词，根据形容词性物主代词our可知，用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。
25．考查时态语态。句意：世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in 1972可知，用一般过去时。主语WED是单数，与create之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was created。
26．考查名词性从句。句意：人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to handle。
Test 9
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee ____28____ (visit) my school. For the previous weeks, I had been trained on ____29____ to be a volunteer for it.
The exciting race began, Cathy and I waited patiently until word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon, we ____30____ (quick) poured water into the cups for them. After the last runner passed, Cathy and I started clearing up. Tired and wet with sweat, we felt good.
【答案】28．visited 29．how 30．quickly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加今年的半程马拉松比赛志愿者活动的过程。
28．考查动词时态。句意：在组委会主席参观我的学校后，我决定志愿参加今年的半程马拉松比赛。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填visited。
29．考查疑问词。句意：在之前的几周里，我一直在接受如何成为一名志愿者的培训。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用“疑问词+to do”结构，作on的宾语，表示“如何”，应用how。故填how。
30．考查副词。句意：激动人心的比赛开始了，凯茜和我耐心地等待着，直到第一批选手即将到来的消息传开，我们迅速地把水倒进杯子里。此处修饰动词poured，应用副词，作状语。故填quickly。
Test 10
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）This year, the 13th Spring Festival Joint Exhibition of Chinese Books, ____31____ theme was “Reading China”, was held on January 24th in 85 bookstores worldwide. It ____32____(carry) out a variety of activities such as book exhibitions and cultural performances. Books displayed in the exhibition were philosophical and artistic, which closely met the needs of overseas readers. Overall, this year’s book exhibition presented the newest and ____33____(fine) Chinese publications to local readers so that they could better understand China in the new era.
【答案】31．whose 32．carried 33．finest
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以“读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书展，并且介绍了活动内容及展出书目等详细情况。
31．考查定语从句。句意：今年，以“读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书展于1月24日在全球85家书店举行。分析句子可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，因此需使用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
32．考查时态。句意：此次图书展将会开展书展、文艺演出等多种活动。分析句子可知，空处与主语it构成主动关系且陈述过去事实，因此可使用过去式。故填carried。
33．考查形容词最高级。句意：总的来说，今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物，让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。由并列连词and和the newest（最新的）可知，空处应使用形容词最高级。故填finest。
Test 11
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）Smoke jumpers are firefighters, trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can’t reach. They travel in small planes and, ____34____(use) a parachute, jump into remote wild areas to fight fires. Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly. While a fire is still small, the pilot ____35____(drop) team members into the area as needed. Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading. Water is sent down to them. Smoke jumpers must be ____36____(high) trained, very experienced and extremely fit. Their job is very dangerous.
【答案】34．using 35．drops##will drop 36．highly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了跳伞灭火工作人员的工作方式，内容和条件。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们乘坐小型飞机旅行，并使用降落伞跳入偏远的荒野地区灭火。分析句子成分可知，本句的谓语动词为“travel”和“jump”，连词为“and”，故提示词应为非谓语动词。照应主语“They”，为逻辑上的主动关系，故用doing形式作方式状语。故填using。
35．考查谓语动词。句意：当火势还很小时，飞行员会根据需要将队员空投到该地区。分析句子成分可知，本句为“While”引导的时间状语从句，主将从现，故主句应用一般将来时。另外，本句也可理解为客观描述，可用一般现在时。故填drops/will drop。
36．考查副词。句意：跳伞灭火员必须训练有素，非常有经验和非常健康。根据空前后为谓语动词“must be trained”可知，应为副词修饰动词。故填highly。
Test 12
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）It’s said that for the Englishman, his house is his castle. However, this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others ____37____ (invite) to see. For the British, the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world. It’s a private place in which he goes to hide away ____38____ the troubles of life. To the American, the home is an expression of ____39____ (he). Much money is often spent on each and every room ____40____ (create) the right “feel” according to the person’s lifestyle. Therefore, he is happy to show his house to others.
【答案】37．are invited 38．from 39．himself 40．to create
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“房屋”对英国人和美国人分别意味着什么。
37．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：然而，这并不意味着他的房子是一个美丽的宫殿，其他人都会被邀请来参观。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语others与invite为动宾关系，表示“被邀请”，故需要用到被动语态；文章为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时态。故填are invited。
38．考查介词。句意：这是他躲避生活烦恼的私人场所。结合句意，表示“躲避”为固定短语hide away from。故填from。
39．考查反身代词。句意：对于美国人来说，房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式。结合句意可知，空处需要填反身代词表示“美国人自己”；根据谓语动词is和宾语an expression可知，此处反身代词需要用单数形式，在性别有男有女时，用himself代指。故填himself。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：通常会在每个房间都花很多钱，以根据人们的生活方式来创造一种合适的“感觉”。分析句子结构，谓语动词为is spent，故空处需要填非谓语的形式；结合句意，表示“来……”为目的，故用to do不定式的形式。故填to create。
Test 13
（2023·北京西城·统考一模）
My name is Barbara and I work at a department store. I ____41____(work) there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff. Then I changed my name tag from “Barb” to “Barbie”. ____42____made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me. “Is she really Barbie ” they asked. I changed it at my other job, too and began answering the phone, “This is Barbie. How can I help you ” The callers have gotten used to that over time, ninety percent of ____43____now respond with my name: “Barbie, can you tell me.” Pronouncing that long “e” sound forces your mouth into a smile, but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
【答案】41．had worked 42．What 43．whom
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一家百货公司工作时，另一位和作者同名的人也加入进来的趣事。
41．考查时态。句意：我在那里工作了一年之后，另一个Barbara加入了工作。由“when another Barbara joined the staff”可知，当另一个Barbara加入了工作时，“我”已经工作一年了，空格处用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，因此空格处是had worked。故填had worked。
42．考查主语从句。句意：让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处指“小孩子们怎么谈论我”这件事，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
43．考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，来百货公司的的人已经习惯了，现在90%的人对我名字的反应是“芭比，你能告诉我吗？”空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词callers是人，因此空格处用whom，故填whom。
Test 14
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise ____44____ (appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman.
The American superstar ____45____ (spot) with a young physically-challenged Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS. It ____46____ (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. But the determined young man refused to let his condition prevent his thirst ____47____ life and decided to take on a range of sports — tackling everything from rock climbing, football, ice hockey to swimming.
【答案】44．appearance 45．was spotted 46．impacts 47．for
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了卡塔尔世界杯与超级巨星摩根弗里曼一起出现的卡塔尔男孩——身残志坚的Al Muftah。
44．考查名词。句意：在2022年卡塔尔世界杯的开幕式上，好莱坞演员摩根·弗里曼 (Morgan Freeman) 惊奇现身。不定冠词修饰单数名词，故填appearance。
45．考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这位美国超级巨星和一位身体有缺陷的年轻卡塔尔男孩一起出现。分析句子可知，spot作谓语，与主语superstar是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填was spotted。
46．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它影响下半身的正常形成。分析句子可知，impact作谓语，it指代上文提到的CRS，主语和谓语之间是主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，讲述事实用一般现在时，故填impacts。
47．考查介词。句意：但是，这位意志坚强的年轻人拒绝让他的疾病阻止他对生活的热爱，决定进行一系列运动——从攀岩、足球、冰球到游泳，无所不包。thirst for“渴望”是固定短语，故填for。
Test 15
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）My son Zack suffered from autism (自闭症)when he was two. Watching a movie together was an important routine for us. On an ordinary spring day, we were enjoying one of his favorite movies that he ____48____ (see) many times before. I took his hand as usual. Suddenly he stood up and wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug. You could imagine ____49____ excited I was. Although it was just a hug, it meant a lot to me, ____50____(fill) me with great joy.
【答案】48．had seen 49．how 50．filling
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症，某天他们一起看电影的时候儿子拥抱了作者，让作者非常触动和高兴。
48．考查时态。句意：在一个普通的春日，我们正在欣赏他最喜欢的电影之一，他以前看过很多次。根据后文many times before可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had seen。
49．考查宾语从句。句意：突然，他站了起来，紧紧地抱住我。你可以想象我有多兴奋。引导宾语从句，表示“多么激动”应用how excited。故填how。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然只是一个拥抱，但它对我来说意义重大，让我充满了巨大的喜悦。分析句子结构可知fill与逻辑主语hug构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填filling。
Test 16
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）ChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence technology ____51____(create) by Open AI. It enables machines to understand and respond to human conversations in a ____52____(nature) and conversational way. ChatGPT has shaken the tech world since it was opened for public use last year. While it certainly comes across as knowledgeable, it’s far ____53____ perfect. It cannot answer questions about things that have happened recently because it____54____(train) using data from 2021 and before.
【答案】51．created 52．natural 53．from 54．is trained
【导语】这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT是Open AI创造的一种新的人工智能技术。它使机器能够以自然和对话的方式理解和回应人类的对话。自去年开放给公众使用以来，ChatGPT已经撼动了科技界。虽然它看起来很有知识，但它远非完美。它无法回答关于最近发生的事情的问题，因为它使用的是2021年及之前的数据。
51．考查非谓语动词。句意：ChatGPT是Open AI创造的一种新的人工智能技术。分析句子结构可知create与逻辑主语a new artificial intelligence technology构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填created。
52．考查形容词。句意：它使机器能够以自然和对话的方式理解和回应人类的对话。修饰名词way应用形容词natural，作定语。故填natural。
53．考查介词。句意：虽然它看起来很有知识，但它远非完美。短语far from表示“远非”。故填from。
54．考查时态语态。句意：它无法回答关于最近发生的事情的问题，因为它使用的是2021年及之前的数据。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填is trained。
Test 17
（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）According to some food experts, it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. Of course, each person’s comfort food largely depends on the place ____55____ they come — for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, ____56____ (serve) hot, salty and sour. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ____57____ (give) us the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of homesickness.
【答案】55．where 56．served 57．giving
【导语】本文是说明文。根据一些食品专家的说法，放弃伴随你长大的食物是最难的。每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方，一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，给我们“家的味道”，缓解乡愁。
55．考查定语从句。句意：当然，每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方——对中国人来说，可能是一盘饺子和一碟醋，而对英国人来说，可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，热热的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上来。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰the place，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，serve用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语the classic fish and chips是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填served。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，给我们“家的味道”，缓解乡愁。分析句子可知，give用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填giving。
Test 18
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they____58____ (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however ____59____(use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy,_____60_____is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas_____61_____ (locate) far from a power grid (电网).
【答案】58．traditionally 59．uses 60．which 61．located
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
58．考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词work，故应用副词“traditionally传统地”修饰，故填traditionally。
59．考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。
60．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰areas，areas与locate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。
Test 19
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Wang was born and grew up in America, but she____62____(build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of ____63____ (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. “I love hanfu. I’ve made many videos,____64____(aim) to help more people learn about it,” Wang told Beijing Review.
【答案】62．has built 63．herself 64．aiming
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化，她经常上传自己穿着汉服的视频，她说她喜欢汉服，想要更多的人了解它。
62．考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she，build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has built。
63．考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处of是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为she，此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词herself作宾语，故填herself。
64．考查现在分词。句意：我录了很多视频，是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，aim与主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填aiming。
Test 20
（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears____65____(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners____66____being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out____67____dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
【答案】65．were produced 66．after 67．whether##if
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。结果显示，狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应
65．考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were produced。
66．考查介词。句意：然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意可知，空处填介词after。故填after。
67．考查连接词。句意：研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应。find out后接宾语从句，根据句意可知，表示“是否”，用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。
Test 21
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）As products of nature, shells have developed a bond with people since the period of cavemen, ____68____ images in the cave paintings show them wearing shells. Today, in Fujian Province, experts are turning the natural gifts into shell-carved artworks by ____69____ (integrate) techniques from jade and wood carving, as well as traditional Chinese painting. In 2021, a shell carving art museum was established, where the craft’s history has been publicized. The experts hope they ____70____ (explore) new techniques in the future to carry this ancient craft forward.
【答案】68．whose 69．integrating 70．will explore
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍将贝壳作为艺术品。
68．考查定语从句。句意：贝壳作为自然的产物，自穴居人时期就与人类产生了联系，洞穴壁画中的穴居人就穿着贝壳。句中先行词为cavemen，在非限定性定语从句中作名词images的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，在福建省，专家们将玉雕、木雕以及中国传统绘画的技术结合起来，将这些天然礼物变成了贝壳雕刻艺术品。介词by后接动名词形式。故填integrating。
70．考查时态。句意：专家们希望他们能在未来探索新的技术，将这项古老的工艺发扬光大。根据时间状语in the future可知，用一般将来时。故填will explore。
Test 22
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）Since ChatGPT’s launch in November last year, it has become an immediate hit that is both entertaining and alarming ____71____ (it) users. Given a command or question, the chatbot is able to return convincing essays, simple recipes and even life advice in a matter of ____72____ (second). This impressive achievement ____73____ (obtain) by a large language model. Many are wondering ____74____ could be next for this technology and where the technology could end up.
【答案】71．its 72．seconds 73．is obtained 74．what
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个热门软件ChatGPT。
71．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：ChatGPT自去年11月推出以来，就立即成为一款热门软件，让用户既感到有趣，又感到担忧。此处应用形容词性物主代词，修饰名词users，故填its。
72．考查名词复数。句意：只要收到一个命令或问题，这个聊天机器人就能在几秒钟内回复令人信服的文章、简单的食谱，甚至是生活建议。second秒，是可数名词，in a matter of seconds在几秒钟之内，固定短语。故填seconds。
73．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这一令人印象深刻的成就是通过一个大型语言模型获得的。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语achievement和动词obtain之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is obtained。
74．考查宾语从句。句意：许多人都想知道这项技术的下一步会是什么，以及这项技术最终会走向何方。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词wondering的宾语，结合句意可知，此处指“下一步会是什么”，应用连接代词what。故填what。
Test 23
（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）Nick was riding his bike along the Arching River when he noticed something ____75____ (usual) in the water. He took a closer look and saw a pair of fin-like things circling above the river’s surface. ____76____ (confuse) by what he had seen, Nick took a video and posted it on the Internet. Days later, some researchers confirmed that he ____77____ (spot) two dolphins— the first cetacean (鲸目动物) sighted in this river since 2017—and this suggested the efforts to restore the health of the river were paying off.
【答案】75．unusual 76．Confused 77．had spotted##spotted
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nick在河中发现鲸目动物，说明环境得到了改善。
75．考查形容词。句意：Nick沿着拱门河骑着自行车，突然他注意到河里有不寻常的东西。something是一个不定代词，后面一般加的是形容词。结合句意，用形容词unusual，表示“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。
76．考查非谓语动词。句意：Nick对他所看到的感到困惑，他拍了一段视频并发布在网上。be confused by对……困惑，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。故填Confused。
77．考查时态。句意：几天后，一些研究人员证实，他发现了两只海豚，这是自2017年以来在这条河中发现的第一只鲸类动物，这表明恢复河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根据时间状语可知，从句的动作发生在主句过去动作confirmed之前，所以用过去完成时。或者表示陈述过去事实，所以也可用一般过去时。故填had spotted/spotted。
Test 24
（2023·北京·模拟预测）Hand-washing ___78___(be)one of the simplest and most effective ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19. And yet, some people still fail ___79___ (wash)their hands effectively. However, there is one last procedure ___80___might save the day–how they dry their hands.
Scientist from the University of Leeds, UK, found that both paper towels ___81___jet air hand dryers–the two main ways people dry their hands in public toilets–can ___82___ (significant) reduce virus contamination(污染).But there is still a big difference between the two.
In their study, scientists contaminated the hands of participants with a harmless virus. To simulate(模拟)poorly washed hands, participants ___83___ (ask) not to wash them at all before either wiping them with paper towels or ___84___(put) them under a hand dryer. Scientists then tested surfaces that the participants touched afterward–doors, elevator buttons and phones,___85___example. They found that on 10 out of 11 surfaces, the contamination was much ___86___(heavy) after being touched by a blow-dried hand than a towel-wiped hand.
So the next time you use a public toilet, make sure you dry your hands with a paper towel, ideally after ____87____(second) of careful hand-washing.
【答案】78．is 79．to wash 80．that##which 81．and 82．significantly
83．were asked 84．putting 85．for 86．heavier 87．seconds
【导语】这是一篇说明文。美国利茨大学的科学家发现，纸巾和喷气式烘手器都能显著减少病毒污染，但是纸巾擦手的效果更好。
78．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：洗手是预防新冠传播的最简单有效的方法之一。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
79．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些人仍然不能有效地洗手。空格处作宾语，fail后接动词不定式作宾语，意为“不能做某事”。故填to wash。
80．考查定语从句。句意：然而，还有最后一个程序可以拯救这一天——他们如何把手擦干。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 procedure，先行词在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
81．考查连词。句意：来自英国利茨大学的科学家发现，这两种纸巾和空气干燥器——两种主要的人们在公共厕所里干手的方式——可以显著地减少病毒感染。both…and…为固定搭配，意为“两者都”。故填and。
82．考查副词。句意：来自英国利茨大学的科学家发现，这两种纸巾和空气干燥器——两种主要的人们在公共厕所里干手的方式——可以显著地减少病毒感染。空处修饰动词reduce，需用副词形式。故填significantly。
83．考查时态和被动语态。句意：为了模拟洗手不干净的情况，在要么用纸巾擦手要么把手放在烘干机下之前，参与者被要求完全不洗手。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时，主语participants和ask之间是动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were asked。
84．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了模拟洗手不干净的情况，在要么用纸巾擦手要么把手放在烘干机下之前，参与者被要求完全不洗手。 either…or…意为“要么……要么……”连接两个并列成分，空格处在句中作介词before的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填putting。
85．考查介词。句意：科学家稍后测试参与者触摸的物体表面——举例来说，门、电梯按钮和电话。for example为固定短语，意为“举例来说”。故填for。
86．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们发现在十一个表面当中的十个表面，用吹干的手比用毛巾擦拭的手的污染程度要更加严重。根据空格前的was可知，空格处填形容词作表语，再根据介词than可知，空格处应填形容词的比较级。故填heavier。
87．考查名词的数。句意：所以下次你使用公共厕所时，最好是在仔细洗手数秒之后，确保用纸巾擦干手。空格处作after的宾语，应填名词形式，结合句意应用名词的复数形式。故填seconds。