2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：必修一Unit 1 School life（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释）

必修一Unit 1　School life
　第一层级——背词汇、学写句，让作文有话可说
一、背词汇
[常用词汇]
(1)regulation n．　　　　 规章
(2)dormitory n. 宿舍
(3)determination n. 决心
(4)destination n. 目的地
(5)board v. 寄宿
(6)achieve v. 达到目的
(7)compete v. 竞争
(8)encourage v. 鼓励
(9)promote v. 促进
(10)struggle v．　　　　 奋斗；努力
(11)energetic adj. 精力充沛的
(12)constant adj. 不变的
(13)tough adj. 艰苦的
(14)despite prep. 尽管
(15)head for 前往
(16)give up 放弃
[亮点词汇]
(1)convenience n. 方便
(2)distinguish v．　　　　 使表现突出
(3)motivate v. 激励
(4)compulsory adj. 强迫的
(5)harmonious adj. 和谐的
(6)a variety of 各种各样的
(7)feel relieved 宽心
(8)get along with 与……相处
(9)be addicted to 沉迷于……
(10)in high spirits 兴高采烈地
二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)
只有用这种方法我们才能过一个和谐的学校生活。 英语角让我有机会凭借说一口流利的英语而扬名。
In this way we can lead a harmonious school life.(使用倒装句改写句子) The English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) corner gives me a chance to make myself known by speaking English fluently.
Only in this way can we lead a harmonious school life. 　The English corner g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ives me a chance to distinguish_myself_by speaking English fluently.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．I am pleased to inf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orm (通知) you that you have won first prize in this month's competition.
2．The majorit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y of the representatives didn't approve (赞同) of that project, thinking it would certainly destroy the forest.
3．When choosing bet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ween giving up his job and giving up his principles, Bob chose the former (前者)．
4．It doesn't matt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er about her lack of experience (经验); we can easily train her for the job.
5．Television prog ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ramming, radio broadcasts and films are excellent sources for learning fluent (流利的) English.
6．I found it very refr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eshing to exchange (交流) ideas with your father — he has some very original views on how to deal with modern industrial pollution.
7．Like many w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omen of her age, Lily struggles (努力) to find a balance between her career and her family.
8．I won't su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ggest her respecting (尊重) me, but I only advise her not to think too much of herself.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Now that my sons ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are becoming more independent (depend), I have more time for myself.
2．The festival was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a great success, and preparations (prepare) are underway for another one next summer.
3．—Where's Jenny
—She is in the te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )achers' office, being told how to write a speech at the graduation (graduate) ceremony.
4．Jennifer just can' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t stop making jokes about her sister whose cooking (cook) is always terrible.
5．Making learning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to read easy means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable (enjoy) and frequent experience for children.
6．Jack felt rather ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )disappointed when he failed to have the most challenging (challenge) job in the company.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．Few people ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e able to devote themselves fully to their careers. Once they are devoted to them, their devotion must bring them a big success.(devote)
2．The result of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) experiment was very satisfying.Not only did we feel satisfied with it, but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction.(satisfy)
1．I think you should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )complain, unless, of course, you are_happy_with_(对……满意) the way things are.
2．The school m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )akes it a rule to have students examined every term to make_sure_(确保) they are healthy.
3．Sally is_fond_of_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(喜欢) singing foreign songs and few could match her in that, I suppose.
4．The teacher asked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a difficult question, but finally Ted came_up_with_(想出) a good answer.
5．The medicine, if t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aken according_to_(根据) the instructions, will surely do your husband a lot of good.
6．Alice looked_over_(查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看) the food in the refrigerator and found that she had eaten up all the eggs and butter.
7．Since certain ki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds of power stations cause serious air pollution, we'd better make_use_of_(利用) other forms of energy like wind.
8．It is all part of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) growing up, and some day you will look_back_on_(回忆) all of this and say，“As hard as it was, it made me who I am today.”
【短语归纳】
1．We also had differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。
[解读]　It is/was＋n.＋(for sb.)to do sth.为常用句型，句中的it为形式主语。
[仿写]　对于东京来说，获得2020年奥运会举办权是一个巨大的成功。
It is a great success for Tokyo to_win the 2020 Summer Olympic Games.
2．Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。
[解读]　upon/on＋doing sth.表示“一……就……”。
[仿写]　一听到《江南style》，许多人就禁不住随之跳起来。
On/Upon_hearing Gangnam style, many people can't help dancing to it.
3．The more choices you have, the better your decisions will be.
你选择余地越大，你的决定就会越好。
[解读]　“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ... ”意为“越……，越……”。
[仿写]　你工作越努力，进步越快。
The_harder you work, the_greater_progress_you will make.
4．I was a little ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都是那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。
[解读]　so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”， that引导结果状语从句。
[仿写]　《中国好声音》是个非常好看的节目，以至于今天晚上我还想看。
The Voice of China ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is so_good_a_programme_that I'd like to watch it tonight again.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．experience vt.经历，体验 n．[U]经验；[C]经历
[高考佳句]　Just sitting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the wheelchair was a learning experience.(2013·新课标全国卷I完形)
只不过坐轮椅是一次学习经历。
(1)in one's experience 从某人的经验看，依某人的经验
(2)learn by/from experience　　 从经验中学习
have experience in ... 在……方面有经验
(3)experienced adj. 有经验的
be experienced in doing ... 在做……方面有经验　
①In my experience, very few people really understand the problem.
据我的经验看，真正理解这个问题的人很少。
②Marcello Lipp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i, the coach of Guangzhou Evergrande, has_much_experience_in_training football players.
马尔切洛·里皮，广州恒大的主教练在训练足球运动员方面有很多经验。
[名师指津]　experience作“经验”讲，是不可数名词；作“经历、阅历”讲，是可数名词。
[一言串记]　The ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )perienced mountain climber experienced a lot of adventures, and he gained much experience from his own adventurous experiences.
这位有经验的登山运动员经历了许多冒险，从他自己的冒险经历中他收获了很多经验。
[链接高考]
(2010·福建高考)—Guess wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, we've got our visas for a short term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing　　　 B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing D．will have experienced
解析：选A　由then可知，此处表示将来的某个时候在做某事，故用将来进行时，故选A。
2．respect n．[U]尊重；[C]点，方面vt.尊敬，敬重
[教材原句]　He also told us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.
他还告诉我们，赢得尊敬的最佳途径就是努力学习得高分。
(1)have/show respect for ...　 尊重……
in all/some/many respects 在各个/某些/许多方面
out of respect for sb. 出于对某人的尊敬
(2)respect sb.for ... 因……而尊重某人
respect sb. as ... 尊某人为……　
①We all know young people should show respect for old people.
大家都知道年轻人要尊重老年人。
②Though dated in some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )respects, this essay is still popular with many young people.
尽管在某些方面有点过时，但该文章仍受到许多年轻人的喜爱。
③We deeply respect_Zhang Lili for_what she has done for the children.
张丽莉因为她为孩子们所做的一切而受到我们由衷的尊敬。
[Word family]
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
3．devote vt.献身，致力于
[高考佳句]　For ten ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long distance swimmers.(2012·天津高考阅读表达)
十年来奈雅德为能够成为一名世界最佳长距离游泳运动员而努力。
(1)devote oneself to　　　　　 献身，致力于，专心于
devote ...to ... 把……用于……， 把……献给……
(2)devoted adj. 忠实的，深爱的
be devoted to 深爱；致力于，专心于
(3)devotion n. 关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚
①After I had graduated, I continued to devote myself to research.
大学毕业后，我继续献身于科学研究。
②Completely devo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted_to_the people, he gave his life in saving his patients.
他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
③As a soldier, he showed selfless devotion to duty.
作为一名战士，他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。
[联想归纳]　表示“专心于……”的短语还有：
①be absorbed in;_　　　　②be addicted to；
③be lost in;_ ④be buried in
4．average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的n.平均，平均数 vt.平均为
[教材原句]　This is about the average size for British schools.
这基本上相当于英国学校的平均班额。
on (the) average　　　　　　　 平均地
above/below (the) average 平均水平以上/下
an average of ... 平均……
①On average, people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.
一般地说，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人更健康。
②Test scores for Amer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ican students were above_average_in all participating countries.
在所有参与的国家中，美国学生的测试成绩在平均水平之上。
③Prices of grain ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve risen by an average of 10% over the past two years.
粮食价格在过去两年平均上涨了10%。
[链接高考]
(2011·天津高考)He was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
A．below　　　　　　　　 B．of
C．on D．above
解析：选D　考查介词。句意：他是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个好学生，在大部分科目上得分都高出平均分。below average“低于平均分”；on average“平均”；above average“高于平均分”。根据句意选D。
5．struggle n．难事；斗争；努力vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎
[高考佳句]　His hands te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll the story of his life as a farmer, including all his struggles. (2013·天津高考完形)
他的双手告诉了我们他农民生活的故事，包括他所有的拼搏努力。
struggle to do sth.　　 艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with/against 与……作斗争
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
①There are ever m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival.(2012·北京高考阅读D)
地球上还有更多的人，他们想过上更好的生活而不是仅仅为生存拼搏，这是合情合理的。
②We are struggling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to change human behaviour in ways that protect health and reduce risks and threats.
我们正在努力改变人类的行为以保护健康并减少风险和威胁。
③They had to struggle_with/against_all kinds of difficulties.
他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。
[链接高考]
(2010·湖南高考)Dina, ________for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling B．struggled
C．having struggled D．to struggle
解析：选C　句意：迪娜在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )经过数月努力寻找一份服务员的工作未果后，最后她终于在当地的一家广告公司找到了一个职位。句子中Dina和struggle之间是主动关系，故可首先排除B项；不定式通常表示将来的动作，不合题意；struggle和take之间存在明显的先后关系，所以使用现在分词的完成式having struggled作时间状语。
6．exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换
[教材原句]　Next year, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme, and I found your article a great encouragement to me.
明年我打算按照学生交流计划到中国的一所高中学习，我觉得你的文章对我来说是个很大的鼓励。
(1)in exchange (for ...)　　　　 作为交换(……)
(2)exchange ... for ... 以……交换……
exchange ... with ... 与……交换……
①Could you tell me where I can exchange my dollars for pounds
请你告诉我在哪里可以把美元换成英镑好吗？
②We students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.(2013·重庆高考书面表达)
我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，在这个世界上他们是最爱我们的人。
7．inform vt.通知，告知
[教材原句]　We regret ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday, Thursday and Friday for the sports meeting.
我们很遗憾地通知您，我们图书馆将在下周三、周四和周五因运动会而关闭。
(1)inform sb.of/about sth.　　　 通知某人某事
inform sb.that /wh clause 通知某人……
keep sb. informed of ... 随时告知某人……
(2)information n．[U] 信息；资料
①I'll leave it to you to inform him of our plan.
把我们的计划通知他，这事就交给你了。
②Please keep_me_informed if anything unusual happens.
如果发生什么不寻常的事情，请随时告诉我。
③Among them are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used. (2013·广东高考阅读D)
它们是一些这样的项目，用一些私人信息，如他们曾用过的电话号码等来核查学生的身份。
[联想归纳]　inform 不可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )直接带双宾语，而是借助介词of/about, 构成“inform sb. of/about sth.”结构。类似的短语还有：
①warn_sb. of sth.　　　 警告某人当心某事
②cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病；矫正某人的不良行为
③remind_sb. of sth. 提醒某人想起某事
④convince_sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事
⑤accuse_sb. of sth. 控告某人某事
⑥suspect_sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
⑦rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人某物
8．approve vt.批准，认可 vi.赞成，同意
[教材原句]　 He ap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )proved the idea, and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member.
他同意了这个想法，两年后，我作为俱乐部的元老级成员负责广播俱乐部的工作。
(1)approve of sb./sth.　　　　 赞成/同意某人/某事
approve of (sb.'s) doing sth. 同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 同意；批准
①Though not eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ryone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.(2013·安徽高考阅读E)
尽管并不是每一个人都赞成这个新舞蹈并且说它有点太令人惊讶，然而它的确拥有足够的支持者并使它迅速流行起来。
②He doesn't approve_of_my/me_leaving_school this year.
他不同意我今年离校。
③His plan was approved ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), and the approval won him many approving glances.
他的计划被批准了，这项计划的批准为他赢得了许多赞许的目光。
9．charge n．负责，掌管；费用vt.使承担责任；收费，要价；控告
[高考佳句]　 The Galler ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.(2013·新课标全国卷I阅读D)
艺术馆每天上午10点到下午6点(周五上午10点到下午9点)对外开放并且免费，但个别展览项目要收费。
(1)take charge of　　　　　 　 负责，接管
in charge (of) 负责，掌管
in/under the charge of 由……负责
free of charge 免费
(2)charge sb. (money) for sth. 为某事收取某人费用
charge sb.with sth. 指控某人犯……罪
①He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.
经理不在时，他负责这个商店。
②The fridge will be delivered to your house free of charge.
冰箱会为你免费送上门。
③The company ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in_the_charge_of him was charged with charging the customers' extra fees.
他负责的那家公司因为收取顾客额外的费用而被指控。
[熟词生义]　猜测句中 charge 的含义
④The phone won't work if it isn't charged up.
A．收费　　B．给……充电　　C．使承担责任
答案：B
[联想归纳]　in ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arge of “负责，掌管”，主语通常为人，含主动意义；in the charge of “由……负责/掌管”，主语通常为物，含被动意义。类似短语还有：
①
②
二、间考词汇自识记
1．donate vt. 捐赠；捐献
donate ... to ...　　　　　　　　 向……捐赠……
2．earn vt. 获得；赚，挣得
earn one's/a living 谋生(＝ make a living)
She earned her living by singing in a nightclub.
她靠在夜总会唱歌谋生。
3．select vt. 选择，挑选
①select ... as ... 　　　　　 选中……担任/作为……
②select ... from/among ... 从……中挑选……
③select sb. to do sth. 选中某人做某事
She selected a diamond ring from the collection.
她从收藏品中挑选了一枚钻石戒指。
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·苏南五校高三联考)W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e don't think the experiment is ________ failure. At least we have gained ________ experience for future success.
A．the; a　　　　　　　　 B．a; /
C．a; an D．the; the
解析：选B　此处failure 表示“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失败的事”，因此其前面用不定冠词a，为抽象名词具体化的用法；experience 表示“经验”时为不可数名词，此处表示泛指意义，所以第二空不用冠词。
2．(2014·南通模拟)It's ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry kind of you to keep me well ______　 what is going on there.
A．informing from B．from informing of
C．informed of D．from informed about
解析：选C　句意：你通知我那里发生了什 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )么真是太好了。keep sb. informed of sth. 为固定搭配，表示“使某人随时了解某事”，符合句意。
3．(2014·南京三中质检)If most ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) breadwinners ________ a day's pay to the Hope Project, then it will be hopeful.
A．gift B．present
C．donate D．give
解析：选C　句意：如果多数赚钱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )养家的人都向希望工程捐献出一天的所得，那么就大有希望了。donate所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或者机构；而present“赠送”，是正式地颁给某人，通常附有仪式，着重强调赠者和接受方的关系。
4．(2014·黄山模拟)—How did you like the film Kung Fu Panda Ⅱ？
—It's not as wond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erful as what has been advertised. It is only ________.
A．particular B．average
C．interesting D．strange
解析：选B　答语句意：它不像 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )广告所宣传的那样精彩，它很一般。average 在此句中意为“平常的，普通的”。 particular“特别的”；interesting“有趣的”；strange“奇怪的”。
5．(2014·淮安高三模拟)Chinese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) government has passed a new law that doesn't ________ gifts with public funds.
A．approve of its leaders bought
B．approve its leaders to buy
C．approve of its leaders to buy
D．approve of its leaders buying
解析：选D　句意：中国政府通过了一条新法规 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，不允许政府领导用公款送礼。approve of sb.('s) doing sth. “赞成/同意某人做某事”，此处its lenders是buying的逻辑主语。故选D。
6．(2014·合肥八中模拟)China w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill continue its cooperation with ASEAN and will not ________ for so called leadership in the region with the other countries.
A．arrange B．struggle
C．apply D．provide
解析：选B　句意：中国将继续与 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )东盟合作，不会与其他国家争夺在该地区所谓的领导权。struggle for sth.“为……而斗争”，符合句意。arrange“安排”；apply“申请”；provide“提供”。
7．(2014·江南十校联考)Microbl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ogs provide a fun and easy way to keep up with the news and ________ thoughts with friends online.
A．consult B．conclude
C．submit D．exchange
解析：选D　句意：微博提供 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了一个有趣且简单的方法在网上来了解新闻以及和朋友交换想法。exchange“交换”，符合句意。consult“查阅”；conclude“推断”；submit“递交”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
题组1　respect 点点练
1．用 respect 的适当形式填空
①He's not the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most popular teacher, but he is respected_by his students.
②Let's make you look a bit more respectable_before you go out.
③The soldiers bowe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d their heads in respectful silence as the funeral procession went by.
2．(2014·龙岩调研)China h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )opes that the United States can fully understand and ________ China's interests in the Asia Pacific region.
A．represent B．respect
C．recover D．realize
解析：选B　句意：中国希望美国应充 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )分理解并尊重中国在亚太地区的利益。respect“尊重”，符合句意。represent“代表”；recover“重新获得”；realize“实现，意识到”。
题组2　devote 多棱镜
1．用devote的适当形式填空
①Mr Wang is a gif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted young man. He has devoted_his heart to his study and research.
②We were amazed at her devotion_to the job.
③Only when we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to building a harmonious society.
2．(2014·淮安高三模拟)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here is no doubt that China will devote itself to ______ other developing countries, especially African countries.
A．help B．helping
C．having helped D．being helped
解析：选B　句意：毫无疑问中国将致力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于帮助其他发展中国家，尤其是非洲国家。devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”。
题组3　charge个个清
1．句型转换
①I'll be in charge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the whole factory next week when the director is away.
→The whole factor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y will be in the charge_of_me next week when the director is away.
→I'll take_ charge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_of_the whole factory next week when the director is away.
②She accused me of neglecting my duty.
→She charged me with neglecting my duty.
2．(2014·徐州模拟)It's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) not a secret that Zhou Libo is _________Mr Zhou Libo Live Show but many people don't realize that he has a talented staff working with him.
A．in need of B．in favour of
C．in charge of D．in memory of
解析：选C　句意：周立波 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主持《壹周立波秀》节目，这一点大家并不陌生，但是许多人并不知道他有一个出色的团队配合他工作。in charge of “负责”，符合句意。
1．for free免费地；无偿地
[教材原句]　I usua ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e mails to my family and friends back home for free.
午饭休息时间我常去电脑俱乐部，这样我就可以免费给国内的家人和朋友发电子邮件了。
(1)free of charge　　　　 免费
set ...free 释放……，使……获得自由
be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事
free from/of 无……的；不涉及……的
(2)free sb.from 把某人从……解放出来， 使某人摆脱/免除……
①He caught many small fishes but he set them free.
他捉到了许多小鱼，但是又把它们放了。
②Delivery is free_of_charge if goods are paid for in advance.
如预付货款就可免费送货。
③A judgement must be made free from prejudice.(2013·福建高考阅读D)
判断一定不要带偏见。
[名师指津]　(1)for free 在句中常用作状语。
(2)free of charge 常用作表语或状语。
(3)在短语 free from/of 中，free 为形容词。
2．look back (on)回忆，回顾
[教材原句]　I look ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck on my time in the UK with satisfaction, and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.
回首在英国的这段时光，我感到很满意，我真的希望再次回到曼彻斯特去学习。
①“Biao Ge” Yang D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )acai looked back with regret on the serious mistakes he had made.
“表哥”杨达才回顾自己所犯的严重错误，深感悔恨。
look into　　　　　　　　 调查；向里面看
look down upon/on 歧视，看不起
look forward to 希望，盼望
look around 环顾四周
②We're so much looking_forward_to_realizing our dream soon.
我们非常期望早日实现梦想。
③Looking around, I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) realized I would have to handle the thing myself！(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ完形)
环顾四周，我意识到必须自己来处理这件事。
3．make use of利用；使用
[教材原句]　With so mu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch free time, students who do not make good use of their time may not pass their exams.
有这么多的空闲时间，那些没有充分利用时间的学生可能不会通过考试。
①She makes use of her spare time to work out.
她利用业余时间进行体育锻炼。
②Time is precious a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd should be made full/good use of/be made the best/most of.
时间是宝贵的，我们应该充分利用它。
[名师指津]　对于make use of 这个短语，除了熟练掌握住它的含义外，还应注意以下两点：
(1)把 use 提前，使用被动语态。
(2)把 use 提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。
具有这种用法的其他常用短语还有 pay attention to; play a role in 等。
③Who can tell th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e new use that the computer will be_made_of_in the future
谁能说出未来人们对于电脑的新的利用？
[链接高考]
(2011·浙江高考)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to ________ it.
A．make the best of B．get away from
C．keep an eye on D．catch up with
解析：选A　句意：这所学校不是我原本真正 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )想要读的，但既然来了，我将不得不好好利用它。 make the best of “好好利用”，符合句意。get away from “逃离”；keep an eye on “照看，留神”；catch up with “赶上，跟上”。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．她从不以懊悔的心情来回顾过去的岁月。
She never looks_back_on/upon the old days with regret.
2．在学校图书馆你可以免费给朋友发电子邮件。
You can e mail your friends for_free_at the school library.
3．我们必须充分利用废物。
Waste materials must be_made_good/full_use_of.
4．要尽可能早地赶到机场以确保能见到将要回家的丁俊晖。
I will get to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e airport as early as possible to_make_sure_that I can meet Ding Junhui, who will return home.
5．我不在时他会负责这家超市。
He will take_cha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rge_of/be_in_charge_of_the supermarket during my absence.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·苏南五校 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )联考)He tried to invite some famous pop stars to sing in the concert ________， but failed.
A．with free B．for freely
C．with freedom D．for free
解析：选D　句意：他试图邀请一些著名流行歌手在音乐会上免费演唱，但失败了。for free “免费”，为固定搭配，符合句意。
2．(2014·盐城高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I think this is the best use that we can ________ the Internet.
A．make of B．do with
C．get from D．make into
解析：选A　句意：我认为这是我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们对互联网的最好利用。本句考查短语 make use of, use 为先行词， that 引导定语从句，修饰 use, 还原后为： we can make the best use of the Internet。
3．(2014·江阴五校联考)—Why is that old man smiling
—Perhaps he is ________ his childhood.
A．looking into B．looking back on
C．looking ahead D．looking through
解析：选B　句意：“那位老人为什么笑？”“或许他在回忆自己的童年。” look back on “回顾，回忆”，符合题意。
1．We also had dif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ferent students in some classes, so it_was_a_struggle_for_me_to_remember all the faces and names.
上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。
句中 it 为形式主语，动词不定式是真正 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的主语，其基本结构为： It be＋n./adj.＋ (for/of sb.) to do sth.
①It is bad manners to leave your food on the plate in some countries.
在一些国家，把你的食物剩在盘子里是不礼貌的。
②It is easy to o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )verlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood.(2013·重庆高考完形)
你的身体对你的情绪影响很大，而这一点很容易被忽视。
③It was difficult for her to make him understand her words.
对她来说，要他明白她所说的话，是一件费劲的事。
[名师指津]　在“It is/was＋ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )adj.(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”结构中，for前面的形容词通常是difficult, necessary, important, quick, easy等，这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而of前面的形容词常常是wise, kind, stupid, silly, bright, nice, good等，这些形容词常常与人的性格特点有关。
④It's_nice_of_you_to help me out.
你帮我脱离困境，真是太好了。
2．Upon_finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。
upon/on＋n./doing表示“一……就……”，在句中作时间状语。
①On/upon hearing the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) pain that Xiao Guobin suffered, many people can't help crying.
一听到小郭斌所遭受的痛苦，许多人禁不住热泪盈眶。
②On/upon_his_arrival/arriving,_he informed us of the news.
他一到达就告诉了我们这个消息。
③He got down to his work immediately he reached the destination.
一到达目的地，他马上投入工作。
[名师指津]　当hardly, scarcely, no sooner 位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
④Hardly had_we_got_into_the_theatre_when the play began.
我们一进戏院，戏就开场了。
3．I was a litt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都是那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。
(1)本句为并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句，在第二个分句中 so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句。常用结构如下：
so＋adj./adv.＋that ...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that ...
so＋many/few/much/little (少的)＋名词＋that ...
①The boy is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so clever that he could write when 3 years old.However, he spends so much of his time in front of TV that he hardly has enough time to study.
这个男孩如此聪明以至于3岁就能写字。但是他在电视机前花的时间太多，以至于他几乎没有足够的时间用来学习。
(2)such ...that ...表示“如此……以至于……”，用于引导结果状语从句，其常见形式如下：
②The Great Wall is s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch a well known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
长城是如此闻名的旅游胜地，以致每年有上百万的游客慕名而来。
③They are such_fine_teachers_that we all hold them in great respect.
他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。
[名师指津]　当 so/such ... that 结构中的 so/such ... 位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.句型转换(每空一词)
1．As soon as I met ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )him, I recognized him though we hadn't seen each other for more than twenty years.
→The moment/instant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/minute I met him, I recognized him though we hadn't seen each other for more than twenty years.
2．It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
→It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
3．He was so tired as to be unable to work.
→He was so tired that he was unable to work.
4．We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang.
→Hardly had we sat down to supper when the phone rang.
5．To protect the environment is very important.
→It's very important to protect the environment.
6．The shop sells ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) such expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it.
→Such expensi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve goods_does_the shop sell that I want to buy nothing in it.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·扬州中学模拟) _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ on my computer, I found an e mail from my penfriend, ________ me to spend the summer holiday in his city.
A．On turning; invited
B．On turning; inviting
C．When having turned; to invite
D．After turning; inviting
解析：选B　第一个空考查 o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n＋doing ... 结构，意为“一……就……”；第二个空为动词 ing 形式作非限制性定语，和 e mail 之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
2．(2014·辽宁六校联考)—Ama ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )zingly, Zhuo Jun got first place for the China's Got Talent last night.
—So wonderfully ________ in the show that he deserved it.
A．did he perform B．had he performed
C．he performed D．he had performed
解析：选A　so＋adj./adv. 位于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句首时句子要部分倒装，由于对话双方都是在谈论过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，将助动词 did 提前，故选A。
3．(2014·长沙模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Since many young people have become rich on , I wonder what ________ is like to run a successful on line business.
A．this B．that
C．it D．one
解析：选C　句意：许多年轻人在淘宝网上发财了，我想知道成功经营一个网站是怎么回事。it 作形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。
关系代词引导的定语从句
1．(2014·江南十校联考)The new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) policy only covers such people ________ have made great contributions during the war.
A．who B．whom
C．which D．as
解析：选D　句意：这项新政策只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )适用于那些在战争中作出卓越贡献的人。空处引导定语从句，修饰 people，且 people 被 such 修饰，因此只能用 as 引导定语从句。
2．(2014·安徽涡阳四中高三模拟)A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter visiting Harbin, most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time ________ they had spent.
A．that B．what
C．when D．at which
解析：选A　句意：去哈尔滨游玩过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之后，大多数的外国友人都说他们永远都忘不了在那里度过的时光。 the time 是先行词，空处在定语从句中作 had spent 的宾语，故选A。
3．(2014·安工大附中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三模拟)The preschool teacher in Henan Province ________ held a child upside down by the legs and exposed him to the cold weather was fired.
A．where B．which
C．who D．when
解析：选C　空处引导定语从句，先行词是the preschool teacher，并在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 who。
4．(2014·浙江宁波八校高三联考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))A housing bubble is an economic situation ________ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.
A．which B．where
C．what D．why
解析：选A　句意：房地产泡沫 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是房价增长过快时出现的一种经济形式。指物的先行词 situation 在从句中作谓语动词 occur 的主语，所以用关系代词 which。
5．(2014·福建宁德高三质检)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )CCTV program, People Who Moved China, honors those ________ contributions should be remembered.
A．whose B．which
C．their D．who
解析：选A　代替指物的先行词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) People Who Moved China(《感动中国》)，作名词 contributions 的定语，为所属关系应该用关系代词 whose。
A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·泰州高三质检) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )University is ________ most worthwhile time of discovery and learning, and it is also ________ very enjoyable and valuable experience for every one of us.
A．a; a　　　　　　　　 B．the; /
C．/; a D．a; the
解析：选A　句意：大学是一段学习和探 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )索的非常有价值的时光，而且对于我们每一个人来说也是一次很快乐、很有价值的经历。第一空，因为没有明确的范围，故不用最高级，most 意为“很，非常”；experience 意为“经历”时是可数名词，在这里是泛指，所以前面需要用不定冠词。
2．(2014·安庆一中模拟)Wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld you please ________ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A．look back on B．look around
C．look up D．look through
解析：选D　句意：你能不能帮我看看这份试卷 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，看有没有明显的错误？look through“浏览，仔细看”，符合句意。look back on“回顾”；look around“环顾”；look up“查找，向上看”。
3．(2014·南京秦淮区模拟)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he news reporters hurried to the airport, only ________ that the film stars had left.
A．informing B．to be informed
C．to inform D．informed
解析：选B　句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，结果却被告知那位影星已经离开了。此处表示一种出乎意料的结果，应用不定式作结果状语，inform 与 the news reporter 之间为动宾关系，故选B。
4．(2014·安徽六校联考)— ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )When will the expert come and give the lecture on intellectual property
—As soon as our program ________ by the authorities.
A．approves B．will be approved
C．is to approve D．has been approved
解析：选D　根据语境并分析句子成分可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知，“项目被批准”是将来完成的动作，as soon as 在此引导时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中常用现在完成时代替将来完成时，故此处用现在完成时。“项目”与“批准”之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。
5．(2014·武汉名校高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三调研)He asked me to be ________ the class because he had to attend to his sick mother.
A．in want of B．in search of
C．in favour of D．in charge of
解析：选D　句意：他要求我负责这个班，因为他 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )必须照顾生病的母亲。in charge of“负责，掌管”，符合句意。in want of“需要(某事物)”；in search of“搜寻”；in favour of“支持，赞同”。
6．(2014·南京第十二中学高三模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Principal White has been working in the school for about 20 years, ________ all his energy to teaching and researching as well as the running of a healthy school.
A．devoted B．devoting
C．to devote D．and devote
解析：选B　devote 的逻辑主语就是主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句的主语 Principal White，后面有宾语 all his energy，所以用现在分词。devoting 表示主动和进行，符合题意。
7．(2014·长沙一模)General s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecretary Xi Jinping required that China's position on the issue of the South China Sea ________.
A．was respected B．should respect
C．be respected D．must be respected
解析：选C　句意：习近平总书记要求中国 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在中南海问题上的立场应得到尊重。require 后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should 可省略；又因 position 与 respect 之间为被动关系，此处应用被动语态。
8．(2014·东台高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一模)Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of books ________ to the rural schools.
A．had been donated B．was donated
C．have donated D．were donated
解析：选B　句意：一些现代化的教学设备 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和数百本书籍被捐给了农村学校。as well as 是介词短语，它连接两个名词或代词作主语时，句子的谓语形式与 as well as 前的名词主语或代词在人称和数上保持一致；equipment 是表示集合的不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词应用单数，而且 donate 与句子主语之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；同时因为题干中没有另一个过去动作与“donate”对比，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
9．(2014·南京三中模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))It is known to all that every minute _________full use of _________the lessons will benefit students a great deal.
A．which makes; studying
B．when made; to study
C．that made; to study
D．when is made; studying
解析：选B　句意：众所周 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知，当每一分钟都被充分利用来学习功课，将会使学生受益匪浅。从句中 every minute 是主语，will benefit 是谓语动词；中间插入了时间状语，when 后省略了 it is, to study the lessons 表示目的，不是作 make use of 的宾语，故选B。
10．(2014·湖北黄 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )石三校高三调研)Spending time online is ________ behavior for teenagers, but too much Internet use might be related to depression.
A．traditional B．exceptional
C．average D．normal
解析：选D　句意：对青少年来说上网是很平常的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一件事，但是上网太多会引发忧郁。normal“正常的，平常的”，符合句意。traditional“传统的，习俗的”；exceptional“杰出的，优秀的”；average“平均的”。
11．(2014·长春高三调研)I r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ead through the first page of the book and ________ a spelling mistake.
A．stared B．stated
C．spotted D．struggled
解析：选C　此处表示发现了一个拼写错误，故选 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )C。stare“盯着看，凝视”，为不及物动词；state“陈述，说明”；spot“注意到，发现”；struggle“奋斗”。
12．(2014·宿迁高三模拟)—Shall I stay here for another day
—________.
A．If you please B．As you please
C．With pleasure D．It's my pleasure
解析：选B　句意：“我可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在这儿再待一天吗？”“请自便。” if you please 常用于客气的请求，意为“如果你愿意”；as you please“请自便”；with pleasure“非常乐意”，表示愉快地接受别人让自己做的事；it's my pleasure“不客气”。
13．(2014·北京海淀 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)You don't need to make fancy foods to impress guests — it is something simple but good ________ will do.
A．what B．that
C．which D．who
解析：选B　句意：你不必做花哨的食物来讨客人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的欢心——简单美味的食物就可以了。分析句子结构可知，simple but good 为 something 的后置定语，________ will do 为 something 的定语从句。先行词为 something 时，应该使用“that”来引导定语从句。故选B。
14．—Ye Shiwen got the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) championship in the women's 400 meter individual medley at London Olympics.
—She fully deserves the title.She ________ for it for years.
A．is preparing B．was preparing
C．has prepared D．had been preparing
解析：选D　答语意为“她完全应得冠军，她之 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前已经为此准备好几年了”。因获得冠军这一动作发生在过去，而准备的动作发生在过去的过去，故应用过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。
15．(2014·江苏姜堰溱潼中学模拟)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he Voice of China is such a popular program with viewers ________ has produced many a music lover.
A．who B．that
C．where D．as
解析：选D　句意：《中国好声音》是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个受观众喜爱的节目，它也产生了许多音乐爱好者。在such ... as ...结构中，as引导定语从句，该句中的as在从句中作主语。本题易误选B项，such ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，在句中不作成分，故被排除。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·南京第三中学模拟)Thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s July, Wang Chen, a student from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, won the International University WEICHI Tournament 2013 in Shanghai, which saw competitors from 54 universities around the world, including Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Compared with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the busy sports ground, it seems a bit dull, but Wang and his peers enjoy an intense brain workout (劳动). Wang is an amateur seventh degree master player — the highest degree amateur players can attain. “I had hoped to win first place, but when it came true, I couldn't believe it，” says Wang. Wang began studying weichi when he was 7 years old. “I was a quiet boy and my parents thought weichi would help develop my logical thinking ability，” he says. He began to attend the Chinese Rank Promotion from the age of 10. “I failed for nine years, and then I gave up. I entered university and became an amateur player，” says Wang.
What this hobby bri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngs Wang is not only a sense of achievement, but also independence. He has won 10 national and international championships, which have brought the young student a handsome sum of money. When he won the national amateur competition in 2011, he received 100,000 yuan in prize money. With awards from contests, Wang covers his expenses and tuition fees all by himself.
Wang is busier than m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost of his peers. A look at his calendar shows that he will attend competitions in Guizhou and Taiwan at the end of August, after attending an international competition only this July. But Wang admits he has little in common with his classmates. “I feel a bit lonely sometimes，” he says.
On campus Wang spends ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more time on exploring his skills. Wang now regards playing weichi as a hobby. He is the captain of the weichi team on campus, which has five members. He organizes them to research the latest formations once a week. Wang says his next project is to promote weichi among his peers on campus. “Many young people in China don't understand this kind of sports and I want to promote it，” says Wang.
语篇解读：在2013年世界大学生围棋邀 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )请赛上，来自上海财经大学的王琛一举夺冠。年纪轻轻的他已是一位横扫国内诸多赛事的高手了，今天就让我们一起走进“围棋王子”的内心世界吧！
1．What's the best title of the passage
A．The Achievement and Dream of the “Weichi Prince”
B．Wang Chen Won the International University WEICHI Tournament 2013
C．Weichi Brings Wang a Sense of Achievement and Independence
D．Wang Chen's Life
解析：选A　标题归纳题。B、C两项都是文章中的一部分，过于具体，范围小了。D项过于笼统。由全文可知只有A项能全面概括文章主题。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．54 countries at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tended the International University WEICHI Tournament 2013 in Shanghai.
B．Wang Chen began to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attend the Chinese Rank Promotion from the age of 7.
C．In 2013, Wang Chen received 100,000 yuan in prize money.
D．Wang Chen h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as won 10 national and international championships nowadays.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段“...which saw competitors from 54 universities around the world ...”可知是来自世界54所大学的选手参加了比赛，故A项错误；根据第二段“Wang began studying weichi when he was 7 years old.”可知B项错误；根据第三段“When he won the national amateur competition in 2011, he received 100,000 yuan in prize money.”可知C项错误；根据第三段“He has won 10 national and international championships ...”可知本题选D。
3．What can we learn from this passage
A．Family plays an important role in shaping world rank players.
B．As long as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you have the same loneliness as Wang Chen, you are sure to succeed.
C．Wang Chen doesn't get on well with his classmates.
D．Perseverance helps to make a top player.
解析：选D　推理判断题。A、B两项的说法都失 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之偏颇，明显可排除；C项文章中没有提及。D项意思是“毅力有助于成就一位顶尖的运动员”，与文章意思相符。
4．The underlined ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) word “handsome” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．
A．good looking B．considerable
C．generous D．beautiful
解析：选B　词义猜测题。画线单词所在句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子的意思是“他先后在国内、外赛事中10次夺冠，对于一名青年学生来说，奖金收入十分可观”。considerable“相当多的，可观的”，符合语境。
5．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A．Wang Chen doesn't get on well with his study.
B．Weichi is not popular with people in China.
C．Nobody can beat Wang Chen.
D．Many students are likely to love weichi on campus.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段最后一句话可知，国内许多年轻人不了解围棋，他想大力推广这项活动，由此可以推出围棋在国内不流行，因此答案选B。
B
(2014·扬州中学模拟)
More UK universities should be profiting from ideas
A repeated critic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ism of the UK's university sector is its noticeable weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.
Recently, the UK Na ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tional Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured, despite an annual ￡40 m spent by the Department of Health on all kinds of research.
However, we do hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.
When viewed at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the national level, the policy_interventions (interference) of the past decade have helped transformed the performances of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK's position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.
This type of u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )neven distribution is not strange to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities are receiving 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. The effect of policies generating long term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.
The core objective fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r universities which are research led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. Their purpose is not to generate funds to add to the bottom line of the university or to substitute other income streams. Rather, these universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise (expert knowledge or skill) in order to build greater confidence in the sector.
Part of the economic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universities. On the evidence presented in my report, there are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.
If there was a great ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er coordination (协调) of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous (happening at the same time) investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作者认为更多的英国大学应该加快将知识转化为技术和服务的能力，从而从研究成果中获益，为推动英国经济复苏而做出贡献。
6．What does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the author think of UK universities in terms of commercialization
A．They have lost their leading position in many ways.
B．They still have a place among the world leaders.
C．They do not regard it as their responsibility.
D．They fail to change knowledge into money.
解析：选B　细节理解题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据第三段最后一句中的“the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity”可知，作者认为，根据最新的对比数据，英国现在在许多商业活动中处于领导地位。故答案选B。
7．What does the autho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r say about the national data on UK universities' performance in commercialization
A．It masks the fatal weaknesses of government policy.
B．It indicates their ineffective use of government resources.
C．It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way.
D．It does not reflect the differences among universities.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句“But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities.”可知，作者认为这些数据掩盖了单个大学之间的差距，故答案选D。
8．We can infer f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom Paragraph 5 that “policy interventions (in Paragraph 4)” refers to ________.
A．concentration of resources in a limited number of universities
B．compulsory cooperation between universities and industries
C．government aid to non research oriented universities
D．fair distribution o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f funding for universities and research institutions
解析：选A　指代判断题。根据第四段内容可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知，过去十年间的policy interventions提高了英国大学的表现，但这些大学间有很大的个体差异。接着第五段分析了差异产生的原因，即第五段第一句中的“uneven distribution”(分配的不平等性)，下文进一步指明这种不平等表现在不到25%的大学占用了75%的研究资金。由此可知，policy interventions是指政府将大量的资金集中分给有限的几所大学这一政策，故答案选A。
9．What does the author suggest research led universities do
A．Fully use their research to benefit all sectors of society.
B．Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.
C．Advertise their research to win international recognition.
D．Spread their influence among top research institutions.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三段第一句“The core objective of universities which are research led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts.”及第三句“Rather, these universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits.”可知，作者建议这些大学应该在社会、经济和环境方面创造最大范围的好处。由此可知，答案选A。
B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2014·东台三仓中学模拟)“Mommy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), can I have a peanut butter and jelly sandwich？” my five year old son asked.
A simple task, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but now, it wasn't that __1__. Anxiety restricted my stomach as I ___2___ I couldn't be a(n) “normal” mommy to my three ， five ， and seven year old sons.
It was the Chris ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tmas season now, and my tasks multiplied.I __3__ to have even a tiny bit of eyesight. But this Christmas season, I saw __4__ — no red or green, no colors, no shadows.
Christmas ___5__ came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quickly, and our sons came in and rushed to our bed.“ __6___,_we want to open presents.”
Each voice had a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )distinct sound and I could tell their mood by the __7__. They jumped, giggled, and teased each other as we wiped the __8__ from our eyes.
I reached for my robe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(睡袍) and held ___9__ my hand, “Come on, let's see what Santa brought.”
“Let's take turns，” th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eir daddy said.“And don't forget to tell __10__ what you get.”
That's __11__ I real ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ized that what I couldn't see threatened to __12__ the Christmas joy. I fought the temptation to __13__ into self pity, and swallowed hard to keep the tears inside.
My husband __14__ beside me. “What can I do for you？”
His sweetness and warm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th further emphasized my __15__. I was disappointing him and I'd __16__ in my role as a wife to him and a mom to my sons.
“This is the best present yet！” one of our sons cried out.
My son's words brough ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t a truth that opened the __17__ of my heart. His gift delighted him. But I had missed mine, __18__ and disregarding my greatest present — the one that __19__ the emptiness of my dark world. It was in the family room — it sang to me with little voices, with little arms that __20__ me, and with the sweetest melody of each “I love you, Mommy.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )议文。作者双目失明，在圣诞节来临时，她为此感到悲伤，多么渴望自己哪怕只有一点微弱的视力。而当那天孩子们围在身边为她唱歌，深情拥抱她时，作者由衷地感到了幸福和快乐。
1．A.interesting　　　　　　　 B．pleasant
C．easy D．difficult
解析：选C　but前后内容是转折关系，结合下 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文可知，作者的眼睛看不见了，因此，原来非常简单的事情，对她来说，也不那么容易了。与上文“A simple task, but now”相照应，故答案选C。
2．A.wondered B．doubted
C．hesitated D．feared
解析：选D　根据语境并结合选项可知， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )由于视力问题，作者担心自己不能成为三个孩子的正常母亲。在四个选项中，fear有“担心，害怕”之意，与语境相符。wonder意为“想知道”；doubt意为“怀疑”；hesitate意为“犹豫”。 故答案选D。
3．A.longed B．struggled
C．assumed D．asked
解析：选A　根据语境可知，随着圣诞节的临近， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )家里的事情多了起来，作者当时非常渴望自己哪怕只拥有一点微弱的视力。long意为“渴望，极想”，符合文意。
4．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．anything
解析：选A　根据空格后提到的“no red ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or green, no colors, no shadows”可知，作者由于视力问题现在什么也看不见了，故nothing符合语境。
5．A.noon B．morning
C．afternoon D．evening
解析：选B　根据下文“our sons c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ame in and rushed to our bed”可知，此处指的是圣诞节的早晨，孩子们冲到作者的床边要圣诞礼物。morning符合语境。
6．A.Stand up B．Get up
C．Take up D．Stay up
解析：选B　A项意为“起立，站起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来”；B项意为“起床”；C项意为“从事，拿起”；D项意为“熬夜”。根据下文“I reached for my robe(睡袍)”可知，当时作者和丈夫还未起床，孩子们进来叫他们起床，get up符合文意。
7．A.tongue B．tune
C．tone D．accent
解析：选C　tongue意为“舌 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )头”；tune意为“曲调，和谐”；tone意为“语气，声调，音调”；accent意为“口音”。作者因为看不见，只能凭借孩子们的说话语气来判断他们的情绪，由此可知，tone符合语境。
8．A.sleep B．joy
C．tears D．sadness
解析：选A　根据语境可知，在圣诞节 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的早晨，孩子们早早地就把睡梦中的夫妇俩叫醒了，他们睡眼蒙眬，试图擦去眼中的睡意。由此结合选项可知，sleep符合文意。
9．A.back B．up
C．out D．on
解析：选C　根据下文“Come on，l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et's see what Santa brought.”可知，此处是指作者伸出了手。held与空格处构成了动词短语，hold out有“伸出”之意，与语境相符；hold back意为“隐瞒，抑制”；hold up意为“举起，耽搁”；hold on意为“稍等，坚持住”。故答案选C。
10．A.Daddy B．yourself
C．Santa D．Mommy
解析：选D　根据语境可知，因 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作者看不见，她的丈夫就让孩子们按顺序告诉母亲自己得到了什么礼物。由此可知，Mommy符合语境，此处与文章第一句中的“Mommy”相对应。故答案选D。
11．A.where B．when
C．how D．why
解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者那时候真正 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地意识到了视力问题所带来的不利影响。空格处作为表语从句的引导词，且从句中缺少时间状语，因此，应用when作为引导词。故答案选B。
12．A.multiply B．gain
C．increase D．erase
解析：选D　multiply意为“乘，使 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )增加”；gain意为“获得，赚到”；increase意为“增加，增长”；erase意为“抹去，擦除”。根据语境可知，作者认为，自己看不见这件事抹去了圣诞节的快乐气氛，因此，erase符合语境。
13．A.come B．get
C．rush D．sink
解析：选D　空格处与空后的介词int ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o构成了动词短语，come into意为“进入，继承”；get into意为“进入”；rush into意为“突然闯入，冲入，冲进”；sink into意为“陷入，沉入”。根据下文“self pity，and swallowed hard to keep the tears inside”，并结合选项可知，作者当时陷入自怜之中，因此sink符合题意。
14．A.flashed B．slid
C．ran D．stuck
解析：选B　根据语境并结合四个选项可知，作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )者的丈夫悄悄地来到作者身边。slid是slide的动词过去式，有“悄悄地移动，潜行，滑动”之意，符合语境。flash意为“闪光”；run意为“跑”；stick意为“粘贴，卡住”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。
15．A.happiness B．disappointment
C．sorrow D．depression
解析：选C　根据上文“self pity， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and swallowed hard to keep the tears inside”及“His sweetness and warmth”可知，作者陷入了自怜之中，而作者丈夫所说的话更加深了作者的悲伤之感。sorrow有“悲伤”之意，符合语境。
16．A.failed B．managed
C．succeeded D．attempted
解析：选A　根据空格前提到的“I was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) disappointing him”可知，作者认为自己使丈夫失望了，作为妻子和母亲的角色，她是失败的。
17．A.eyes B．doors
C．windows D．curtains
解析：选A　根据语境并结合选项可知，作者是看不见的，是儿子所说的话打开了作者心灵的眼睛，因此，eyes符合文意。
18．A.withdrawing B．overcoming
C．undertaking D．overlooking
解析：选D　A项意为“撤退，收 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )回”；B项意为“克服，胜过”；C项意为“承担，保证”；D项意为“忽视，忽略，俯瞰”。结合上下文可知，作者认为自己忽视了最美好的礼物，overlooking符合语境。
19．A.crowded B．filled
C．covered D．packed
解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者认为是这个美好的礼物填满了自己黑暗世界的空虚。在四个选项中，只有filled的词义符合文意。
20．A.seized B．caught
C．hugged D．hung
解析：选C　根据空前的“littl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e arms”可知，此处指作者的孩子拥抱她。因此，hug意为“拥抱”，符合语境。seize意为“抓住”，catch意为“抓住”，hang意为“悬挂”，均不符合语境。故答案选C。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2014·芜湖一中模拟)It had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) been three months since Ms Miller had started teaching. She was gradually being able to understand all her students, except one, Bob. Bob was the only boy who came to school dressed untidily and sat in the class completely lost in his own world. His performance had been deteriorating steadily with every single day.
Ms Miller searched thr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ough the progress reports of Bob and was shocked to see Bob used to be the topper in his class. Bob's performance began to slowly decline when his mother fell ill. He was doing badly in each and every subject when his mother died leaving him alone with his father, who was a businessman and had to travel always. Apart from his performance worsening gradually, Bob's nature too began to change. He had forgotten to laugh and showed no interest in any activity. All his friends had abandoned him.
One day, Bob was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asked to stay back. Ms Miller asked him if he had any problem understanding his lessons. Gradually she began to give him a comfort zone so that he could talk and share. After three weeks, she found Bob gradually improving. He was being able to answer the questions he previously failed. Every day after all the students went away, Ms Miller gave personal attention to Bob and began to spend time with him. Bob improved a lot over the next semester, showing definite signs of progress in his performance.
On a Friday, Bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )b came up to Ms Miller, handed her a box and requested her to open the box on Sunday. Sunday morning, curious, she opened it and saw a bottle of perfume, half filled. Together with it was a small letter, saying that this bottle of perfume used to be his mother's and he wished Ms Miller to wear it so that every time she was around, he could feel his Mom near him. He thanked her for everything. Ms Miller took the bottle of perfume in her hand and saw a new tag attached to it; it said “Happy Mother's Day！”
Ms Miller sudd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enly realized that it was not she who had made a difference to Bob's life but it was Bob who made her realize what true humanity is!
语篇解读：本文通过讲述一位老师的细心和关爱改变了一个学生的故事，鼓励我们应该去学会关爱和帮助别人，因为这样的行为也许会改变一个人的一生。
1．According to the text, Bob ________.
A．wore neat clothes all the time
B．was taller than any other one in his class
C．lost all of his friends after his mother's death
D．could always have his father for company at home
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e was doing badly ... when his mother died leaving him alone with his father ...”和本段最后一句“All his friends had abandoned him.”可知，母亲去世后，Bob所有的朋友都离他而去，故选C。
2．The underlined word ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “deteriorating” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A．changing B．worsening
C．thrilling D．improving
解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第一、二段内容可知，Bob原来是个好学生，但妈妈去世后，他的学习和表现直线下降，故选B，变糟，恶化。
3．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．why Ms Miller would like to help Bob
B．how Bob attracted Ms Miller's attention
C．what Ms Miller did to help Bob
D．where Bob could sit comfortably
解析：选C　段落大意题。通读本段可知，本段主要讲述了Ms Miller是如何帮助Bob在学业上逐渐获得提高的，故选C。
4．The bottle of perfume given to Ms Miller ________.
A．was new and never used before
B．was presented on Mother's Day
C．made Bob a different student
D．showed Bob was grateful for Ms Miller
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章倒数第二段可知，这个香水瓶是Bob妈妈原来使用的，现在Bob将它当做礼物送给老师，是为了感激老师为他所做的一切，故选D。
5．What does the author want to convey to us
A．A teacher could change a student's life.
B．Family is the most important place for kids.
C．Children don't have to solve problems by themselves.
D．One should have sympathy for another's suffering and offer help.
解析：选D　写作意图题。本文通过老师关爱和帮 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )助一个学生，从而改变这个学生的故事来告诉我们，我们应该学会关爱别人，故选D。A项是这个故事的主要内容，而非作者的写作意图，故排除。
Ⅲ.任务型阅读
(2014·苏州高三六校联考)We all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have relationships. We have acquaintances, relatives, neighbors and probably some friends. However, many of these relationships are simply not satisfying. They lack real strength and depth.
I'd like to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how you how you can add a significant amount of depth and strength to your relationships and make your social life a lot more meaningful.
Meet more people. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quality of the people you meet has a great deal to do with the quantity of the people you meet. If you don't know a lot of people, you won't meet very often people who are a good match with you in terms of personality, interests and values. And since this natural match plays a huge part in building strong relationships, you'll just as seldom have the opportunity to develop strong relationships.
Talk about the th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ings that matter to you. A relationship becomes the strongest when two people discover they believe in the same things and have similar interests. It's these commonalities regarding values and interests that create the strongest emotional connection. Talk about the things that truly matter to you and give others a chance to know what you care about and what you believe in. If they believe in the same things and they care about the same things, they'll eagerly let you know. Thus you'll find meaningful common ground and you'll feel more connected.
Express weakness. M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )any people try not to talk about their failures; they hide their shortcomings and they never say anything that could embarrass them. However, by hiding your imperfection, what you do succeed in is appearing cold and impersonal. This makes it very hard for anyone to connect with you e