2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：必修四 Unit 3　Tomorrow’s world（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释）

Unit 3　Tomorrow's world
　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足
(2013·湖南高考)请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。
内容：1.自己或他人的一次经历；2.你的感受。
注意：1.必须使用所给4个关键词；2.词数不少于120个；3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
　　Today was a fine d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay and never will I forget the special day (倒装句式)．I was chosen to be a member of the football match team of Grade 3 and sent to take part in the school football match.I was excited believing I would earn the most scores (现在分词短语作状语)．But in the first round I had my leg hurt (过去分词作宾补) and had to give up the game.I was sad to be a loser.My best friend Tom came up to me, saying “You are great! You still played for a few minutes even after your leg was hurt.You are the really winner.” I couldn't believe my ears.For me the one scoring the most (现在分词短语作定语) is the really winner.But Tom said “the one who still tries his best in spite of bad condition (定语从句) is the real winner.You know with the determination, you will change the result sooner or later.”I am deeply impressed by his words.I want to say to him “Thank you.” 　　Last term, I took part i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n a marathon hosted by the school.So_good_was_I_at_running (我非常擅长跑步。 使用倒装句式) that I had confidence to win the match.When approaching the finish line, I found that one of my competitors fell down and got injured._I_could_have_chosen_to_leave_him_alone(我本可以选择不管他。 使用“情态动词＋have done”形式) and dashed to the end, but I stopped to help him.There was no doubt that the result was not so good and people called me loser.However, winner_as_I_was_not (尽管我不是赢家。使用as引导的让步状语从句), I found that I was also very delighted and satisfied.Sometimes it_is_kindness_rather_than_grades_that_plays_a_more_significant_role_in_our_life (在生活中更有意义的是善举而不是成绩。使用强调句式)．Though I was a loser in the match, I was a winner in my life.
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．It never fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ils to amaze (使惊诧) me how he can talk for so long without ever saying anything interesting.
2．One disadvantage ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(不利条件) of living here is the lack of safe places for the children to play.
3．Information mus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t be stored so that it is secure (安全的) from accidental deletion.
4．When nutrients ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are in short supply the body cannot function (正常运转) properly.
5．You could always hir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e (租用) a dress for the ball if you can't afford to buy one.
6．If you ofte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n hang your clothes out in the bright sun, they will fade (褪色)．
7．She wants ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to do social (社会的) work under the influence of her father.
8．Beautiful music came floating (飘动) out of the window.
9．His family escape ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d (逃离) from Germany and arrived in Britain in 1938.
10．He claims that his employers accused (控告) him of theft.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The reality (real ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon, the youth centre will have to close.
2．The presentatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n (present) of prizes and certificates will take place in the main hall.
3．We want our childr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en to have the best possible chance of happiness (happy)．
4．If you're expect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing Dad to let you borrow his car, you're going to be very disappointed (disappoint)．
5．We have several m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atters of importance (important) to consider today.
6．Mail order is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a convenience (convenient) for buyers who are too busy to shop.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．His friendliness ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and kindness gave us a strong impression. In other words, we were all impressed by his friendliness and kindness.(impress)
2．Jack injured his le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g when he was playing basketball yesterday. The doctor said that his injury was very serious.(injure)
3．He is quite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )confident that he will pass the exam. He works very hard and we all have confidence in him.(confident)
1．If the firms fail ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to make enough money, they will close_down (关闭) soon.
2．The training is n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )othing compared_with (和……相比) what we got yesterday.
3．Reed is a heavy sm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oker and even his hair gives_off (散发出) the smell of cigarette smoke.
4．As_to (关于) our futur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e plans, I think I need only say that the company intends to expand at a steady rate.
5．With_the_aid_of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(在……的帮助下) the most advanced equipment, many facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have come to light.
6．If we behave in a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) dishonest way, we may succeed temporarily. However, in_the_long_term (从长远来看) we will be a loser.
7．It's an explanatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n often put_forward (提出) by my friend; he's convinced that economics is at the bottom of everything.
8．Last_but_not_le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast (最后但同样重要的是), friendship means sharing instead of taking.
【短语归纳】
1．add to　　　　　　　　　　 使增加，使增强，使扩大
2．as to 至于，关于
3．put forward 提出，提议
4．close down 关闭，歇业
5．with the aid of 在……帮助之下
6．in the long term 从长远来看
7．compared with 与……比较起来
8．give off 发出(蒸汽、光、热)等
9．get away 逃离
10．be filled with 充满
11．in terror 惊恐地
12．last but not least 最后但同样重要地
1．Not only will he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment ...
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
[解读]　not only ... but also ...连接了两个分句。当not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句通常用部分倒装。
[仿写]　不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视节目《中国梦之声》。
Not_only I but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_also Tom and Mary are fond of watching the TV programme Chinese Idol.
2．However, in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) many ways virtual reality seems more like a toy rather than a useful technology.
然而，在许多方面，虚拟现实技术更像是一种玩具而不是一项有用的技术。
[解读]　It/Sth.seems like ...“好像……”。
[仿写]　iPhone 5手机好像上市已经很长时间了。
It_seems_like a long time since the iPhone 5 came on the market.
3．In my opinion, it is about time we had new computers.
在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。
[解读]　It's (about/high) time (that) sb. did sth.是某人做某事的时候了。
[仿写]　是当地政府采取措施保护环境的时候了。
It's time that the lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cal government took/should_take_measures to protect the environment.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧
[教材原句]　The RealCine ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )perience will amaze you, and you will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that deserves to be developed further.
RealCine的经历会使你惊讶不已，你会认同这项不同凡响的技术是值得进一步开发的。
(1)It amazed sb. that ...　 使某人吃惊的是……
(2)amazing adj. 令人惊异的；令人大为惊奇的
It's amazing that ... 令人惊讶的是……
(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的
be amazed at/by sb./sth. 对某人或某物感到惊讶
(4)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕
to one's amazement 令某人大为惊奇的是
in amazement 惊愕地
①It amazed me that she made such great achievements without any help.
在没有任何帮助的情况下，她取得了这么大的成就，这让我惊诧不已。
②Her mom is amazed by her positive attitude.(2013·北京高考完形)
她母亲对她的乐观向上的态度感到惊讶。
③To_my_amazement,_my little son was able to recite the poem.
使我吃惊的是，我的小儿子竟然能背出整首诗。
[联想归纳]　可用于“to one's＋n.”结构的抽象名词还有：
delight,_surprise,_satisfaction,_astonishment,_disappointment等。
2．confident adj.自信的；肯定的，确信的，有把握的
[教材原句]　This encouraged him to become more confident around others.
这鼓励了他在其他人面前更加自信。
(1)be confident about sth./that ...　　 相信……
be confident in 自信，信任
be confident of 确信
(2)confidence n. 信心，自信
have confidence in 对……有信心
①The designer is confi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dent that his creation is practical.(2013·山东高考阅读C)
设计人员相信他的发明创造很实用。
②Always rememb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er quotes about being yourself is all about being strong and being_confident_in whatever you do and never give up.
永远记住，有关实现自我的名言就是无论你做什么都要保持坚强和自信，永不放弃。
③Despite the current difficulty, he has confidence in his team.
尽管目前遇到了困难，他依然对他的团队充满信心。
3．secure adj. 安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的 vt. 获得；使安全
[教材原句]　Besides t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his, VR can be used to practise skills in a secure environment that otherwise would be quite dangerous.
除此之外，VR技术还可以用来在安全的环境中训练一些技能，否则这些技能训练可能相当危险。
①For example, we've s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecured internships (实习) with world famous firms such as Honda.(2013·福建高考)
例如，我们已和国际知名公司Honda确立了实习关系。
(1)feel secure about ...　　　 对……有把握/感到安心
be secure against/from ... 没有……的危险
(2)secure sth.for sb.(＝ secure sb.sth.)
为……获得……
secure sth.against ... 保护……使之免受……
(3)security n. 保护措施；担保；安全
②He secured a place for himself at law school.
＝ He secured_himself_a_place at law school.
他在法学院取得了学籍。
③You cannot secure yourself against all risks and dangers.
天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
4．disadvantage n．缺点；不利因素，障碍
[经典例句]　The advantag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es of the scheme far outweighed the disadvantages.(牛津P479)
这个计划的优点远远超过了缺点。
(1)at a disadvantage　　　　　　 处于不利地位
to one's disadvantage/to the disadvantage of sb.
对某人不利
(2)advantage n. 优势；利益；有利条件
take advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 胜过
①When seeking for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a job, a college graduate is at a disadvantage in terms of working experience.
找工作时，大学毕业生在工作经验上处于不利地位。
②Success can breed successes if you take_good_advantage_of it.
如果你好好利用，成功会孕育新的成功。
5．accuse vt.控诉，控告；指责；谴责
[教材原句]　He was accused of piracy by the music industry.
音乐界控告他盗版。
①We don't have to accuse the kids of lacking self confidence.
我们没有必要指责孩子们缺少自信心。
accuse sb. of sth.　　　　　 控告某人某事
the accused 被告
②He was_accused_of_cheating investors (out) of their life savings.
他被指控骗取投资者一生的储蓄。
[辨析比较]　accuse, charge
试一试　选择以上单词填空
③His neighbor accused him of playing the piano too loudly.
④The police are going to charge him with murder.
辨一辨
accuse “指责”、“指控”，语气比bla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me强，指责或指控某人的过错或罪行，可用于一般意义上的指责或责难，也可用于法律意义上的指控或控告。常用结构：accuse sb. of (doing) sth.
charge “指责”、“指控”、“控告”。语气比a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccuse强，多指较严重的错误或罪行，而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。常用结构：charge sb. with sth.
6.escape vi.逃跑，逃离；逃脱 vt.避开，避免；被遗忘，被忽视n.逃离；逃脱
[高考佳句]　Whales tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark.(2013·江苏高考阅读C)
变弯曲的鲸鱼常常那样做，因为它们已浮到水面逃离开了像大鲨鱼那样的捕食动物。
escape from　　　　　　　　 从……逃走；逃脱，逃跑
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
escape one's notice/attention 逃过某人的注意
have a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱，九死一生
①The residents wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e trying to escape from the fire but were overcome by smoke.
居民们正设法逃出大火，却被烟熏倒了。
②The driver narrowly escaped being_killed in the traffic accident.
司机险些在这起交通事故中丧生。
[熟词生义]　猜测句中escape的含义
③Seeing the poisono ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.
A．避开　　B．溢出　　C．逃离
答案：B
二、间考词汇自识记
1．function vi.起作用，正常运转n.作用，功能；职能
①function well/normally　 运转良好/正常
②function as ... 担任/起……作用，具有……功能
I bought a sofa which can function as a bed.
我买了一个可以当床用的沙发。
2．pack vt.收拾(行李)，装箱；包装n.纸袋，纸盒；大背包；一群，一捆，一包
pack up 打行李，收拾行装；停止，放弃
Are you packing up already It's only 4 o'clock.
你已经开始打点行李了吗？现在刚刚4点钟。
3．impression n．印象，感想；想法
make/leave/have a(n) ...impression on sb.
给某人留下……印象
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·乌鲁木齐 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一次诊断测试)Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ________ me, which made me embarrassed.
A．forgot　　　　　　　　 B．missed
C．escaped D．reminded
解析：选C　句意：我昨天偶然碰到我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我非常尴尬。escape“被忘掉”，符合句意。
2．(2014·淮阴中学模拟)Wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en we arrived, the concert had been over and the musicians were ________ their instruments.
A．picking up B．putting up
C．packing up D．turning up
解析：选C　句意：我们到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )达时，音乐会已经结束，乐师们正在收拾乐器。pack up“收拾，打包”，符合句意。pick up“捡起”；put up“搭起，张贴”；turn up“调高”。
3．(2014·黄山高三检测)Sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e's got the job because she has the advantage ________ others of knowing many languages.
A．over B．above
C．against D．beyond
解析：选A　句意：她得到这份工作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是因为她懂多种语言，这比其他人有优势。have an advantage over“胜过”，为固定定搭配。beyond表示“超出(某个数量、水平或程度)”，故应排除。
4．(2014·连云港模拟)Lea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve it to me! I feel much more ________ about myself and my abilities these days.
A．confident B．energetic
C．generous D．curious
解析：选A　句意：留给我吧 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )！这些天来我对自己和自己的能力更加自信了。confident“自信的，确信的”，符合句意。energetic“精力充沛的”；generous“慷慨的，大方的”；curious“好奇的”。
5．(2014·镇江高三检测) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )The heavy fog in London made ________ deep impression on us, which was sometimes so heavy that we lost ________ sight of everything around us.
A．a; the B．a; /
C．the; the D．the; /
解析：选B　句意：伦敦的大雾给我们留下了深刻 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的印象，雾有时候大到我们看不见周围任何东西的程度。make a deep impression on sb.“给某人留下深刻印象”；lose sight of“看不见”，是固定短语。
6．(2014·南师大附中模拟)Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ildren won't work hard if they feel ________ about everything in their daily life.
A．passive B．sure
C．secure D．worried
解析：选C　句意：如果孩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子们对日常生活中的一切事情都感觉无忧无虑的话，他们就不会努力学习了。passive“被动的”；sure“确信的，有把握的”；secure“安全的，无忧无虑的”；worried“担忧的”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
题组1　amaze多棱镜
1．用amaze的适当形式填空
①It was amazing that the car was driving at an amazing speed.
②I didn't know why she was staring at us in amazement.
③Visitors ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e often amazed to discover how little the town has changed.
2．I was ________ with my son about his carelessness, which ________ the main cause of his failure in maths.
A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was
C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was
解析：选D　句意：我对儿子的粗心很生气 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，这(粗心)是他数学不及格的主要原因。关系代词which指代先行词carelessness，谓语应该用单数，先排除A、C两项；annoyed表示“生气的”，符合语境。amazed“惊奇的，吃惊的”；amazing“令人吃惊的”。
题组2　accuse万花筒
1．介词填空
①We accused him of immoral conduct toward her.
②Six days later, the police arrested him and charged him with murder.
2．(2014·南京外国语学校模拟)Hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s neighbor ________ him of playing the musical instrument too loudly, for which he had to apologize.
A．accused B．charged
C．scolded D．blamed
解析：选A　accuse sb. of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sth.＝ charge sb. with sth.意为“控告某人……”；scold“训斥”，常用scold sb. for ...意为“因……训斥某人”；blame“责备”，常用blame sb. for sth.＝ blame sth. on sb.意为“把……归咎于”。根据句意“他的邻居控告他弹奏乐器的声音太大，为此他必须道歉”可知，应选A。
1．add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大
[教材原句]　To add to the v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irtual world of RealCine, the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.
给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。
①The worsening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )financial situation has added to the difficulties of the medium and small businesses.
日益恶化的经济状况增加了中小企业的困难。
add up　　　　　　　 合计
add up to 合计为，结果是；表示
add ... to ... 把……加到……中
②Call immediately ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before it's too late.(2013·福建高考阅读C)
抓紧打电话把这些银鹰放到你的收藏中还为时不晚。
根据下图补全句子
③Will you please add more sand to the water
④Add these figures up and see what the total is.
⑤These four figures add up to 230.
2．put forward提出，提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)
[教材原句]　An argu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ment has been put forward that some users will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.
有人提出了这样不同的看法：有些用户可能会对RealCine感到失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真的。
[一词多义]　写出下列句中put forward的含义
①My watch was slow, so I put it forward three minutes.拨快
②They are to put forward the date of our meeting by one month.提前
③The manager has put forward a new plan to develop the new product.提出
put away　　　　 把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
put aside 把……放到一边；暂不考虑
put down 放下，写下，记下；镇压
put on 穿上；上演；增加
put off 推迟，延期
put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
put up with 忍受
④I can't put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.
在工作时我不能忍受有很多嘈杂的人。
[链接高考]
(2012·新课标全国卷)Mary is r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eally good at taking notes in class. She can ________ almost every word her teacher says.
A．put out B．put down
C．put away D．put together
解析：选B　后句句意：她几乎能把老师说的每句话都记下来。put down“写下，记下”，符合语境。
3．as to至于，关于
[教材原句]　We are not ver ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y confident as to whether an operator will be able to use RealCine easily.
至于使用者能否顺利地使用RealCine技术，我们不是特别有信心。
①As to who will become our monitor, we need a further discussion.
至于谁来当我们的班长，我们还需要进一步讨论。
②In regard to the ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion of further strengthening and improving the Party leadership, we shall discuss it in full.
关于进一步加强和改善党的领导的问题，我们将充分地进行讨论。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．You can have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a bed; as_to/for him, he'll have to sleep on the floor.
2．Our explanation seemed only to add_to his puzzlement.
3．The travelling cost of this time added_up_to 5,000 yuan.
4．Last_but_not_least,_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we are trying our best to satisfy our customers!
5．Remember to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) put_forward your clock tonight in case you get up late tomorrow morning.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·江南十校联考)—What are the workers talking about？　
—They are dis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cussing the idea the old worker ________ at the meeting yesterday.
A．put forward B．came up
C．set off D．brought out
解析：选A　句意：“工人们在谈论什么 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )？”“他们在讨论那位老工人昨天在会上提出的想法。”put forward“提出”，符合句意。come up“被提到”，是不及物动词的词组；set off“出发，引起”；bring out“推出(新产品)”。
2．(2014·无锡高三检测)What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a beautiful sight! Wild flowers of different colors spread all over the hills and around the lake, ________ to the beauty of the valley.
A．to add B．being added
C．adding D．added
解析：选C　句意：多美的风景啊！不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同颜色的野花漫山遍野，绕湖四周，增添了峡谷的美丽。add to“增加，增添”，此处为非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词的主动式。
3．To enjoy the sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enery, Sara would spend long hours on the train ______ travel by air.
A．as to B．other than
C．instead of D．rather than
解析：选D　as to “至 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于，关于”； other than “除了”； instead of “代替，而不是”，后跟名词、代词； rather than “而不是”。would do ...rather than do ...表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
1．Not_only will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment ...
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
句中not only ... but (also) ...“不仅……，而且……”，连接并列句。
(1)not only ... but also ...连接两个对称的并列成分，此时also可以省略。
①They speak English not only in class but (also) in the dormitory.
他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在宿舍也说。
(2)not only ... but also ...连接两个分句，并且not only位于句首时，第一个分句要部分倒装。
②Not only are rewa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.(2012·北京高考阅读C)
不仅有价值的经历会记得更好，而且消极的结果也容易被记起。
③Not only can_trav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el_give_people relaxation and pleasure, but it can increase their knowledge.
旅游不仅让人们放松、感到愉快，而且可以增加人们的知识。
(3)not only ... but also ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致(即就近原则)。
④Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
不仅学生们，连老师也反对这个计划。
2．In my opinion, it_is_about_time_we_had new computers.
在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。
(1)It's (about/hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gh) time (that) sb. did/should do sth.是固定句型，意为“(现在)是某人做某事的时候了”，should通常不可省略。
①It is high time that we cheered for our favorite football team.
是我们为最喜欢的足球队呐喊加油的时候了。
(2)由time构成的其他句型：
It's time (for sb.) to do sth.
是(某人)做某事的时候了。　　
It/This/That is/wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the first/second ... time (that) sb. has/had done sth.
这是某人第一/二……次做某事。
②It is time for him to consider what to do with the money.
到了他考虑如何处理这笔钱的时候了。
③It is the first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time that I have_ever_seen a man so young and so wise.
我是第一次看到这么年轻而又聪明的人。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Not only you but also I am (be) fit for the job.
2．It was the first time that I had_given (give) you a lesson.
3．I think it's time you should_buy/bought (buy) a car.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·徐州第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中学高三质检)Not only ________ a school for his hometown that year, but ________ a helping hand to the people in the earth stricken area.
A．he built; he lent　　　　　　 B．he built; did he lend
C．did he build; did he lend D．did he build; he lent
解析：选D　句意：那年他不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )仅为家乡建了一所学校，而且为地震灾区提供了帮助。not only位于句首时其后的句子用部分倒装，但but (also)后面的句子不倒装。
2．(2014·长沙模拟)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is high time we ________ some effective measures to solve the job problem.
A．will take B．have taken
C．had taken D．took
解析：选D　考查it's (abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut/high) time (that)．..句式。该句式从句中的谓语常用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”。
被动语态
1．(2014·苏州第十中学模拟)— ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Peter, would you like a coffee to go with your sandwich
—Sure, it ________.
A．ordered B．was ordered
C．has been ordered D．has ordered
解析：选C　句意：“彼得，你想喝咖 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )啡加三明治吗？”“当然。已经点了。”a coffee与order之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；此处表示现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时。
2．(2014·宿迁高三一模)Ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are lots of problems in your hometown, but we're happy to see many of them ________.
A．are solving B．are solved
C．have solved D．are being solved
解析：选D　句意：在你的家乡存在好多问题，但我们很高兴看到问题正在得以解决。由语境可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
3．(2014·徐州高三模拟)—How is your collection going
—I need one more stamp before my collection ________.
A．is completed B．will be completed
C．has finished D．will be finished
解析：选A　句意：“你的收藏怎样 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了？”“我再需要一张邮票就完成我的收藏了。”before从句应用一般现在时表示将来时，又collection与complete为动宾关系，故用被动语态。
4．(2014·成都高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)The 12th Five Year Plan (2011—2015) said a system ________ to protect people's secrets online.
A．would be developed B．has been developed
C．will develop D．had developed
解析：选A　句意：在十二五计划中写道：一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种系统将被开发来保护人们的网上秘密。根据时态一致原则，应首先排除B、C两项；a system是被开发，故选A。
5．(2014·湖南浏阳一中高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测试)They were ahead during the first half of the match, but they ________ in the last five minutes.
A．were beating B．beat
C．were beaten D．had been beaten
解析：选C　句意：他们在比赛的前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一半领先，但是在最后五分钟时被击败了。beat与they是动宾关系，所以应该用被动语态。beat所表示的动作发生在were ahead之后，所以排除D项，选C。
A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·安徽怀远 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一中月考)The government has ________ a series of policies and measures to ensure the improvement in living standards.
A．put out　　　　　　　　　　 B．put off
C．put forward D．put down
解析：选C　句意：政府出台了一系列政策和措施以确保人民生活水平的提高。put forward“提出”，符合语意。
2．(2014·盐城模拟)—What on earth made Susan weep
—________ of cheating in the exam.
A．Be accused B．She was accused
C．Because she was accused D．Being accused
解析：选D　句意：“苏珊究竟为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )什么哭？”“她被指责在考试中作弊。”题线处在答句中作主语，A、C两项不能作主语，若选B项则应在前面加that；此处为动词 ing形式作主语。
3．(2014·永州高三检测)—Put these glasses away before they ________.
—OK. I'll put them in the cupboard.
A．have broken B．will be broken
C．get broken D．got broken
解析：选C　因they (th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese glasses)是break的承受者，故用被动语态；又因在时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，此处由“get＋过去分词”构成被动语态。
4．(2014·安徽重点中学3月联 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考)Not only ________ to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we also failed to lock the front door.
A．we forgot B．forgot we
C．did we forget D．we did forget
解析：选C　句意：我们不仅忘记关厨房的灯，而且也忘了锁前门。not only位于句首时，其后的分句要部分倒装，故选C。
5．(2014·南京四校高三联考)Mr. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Smith found that gas ________ from the pipe when he came back because we forgot to switch off. But at last we were lucky to escape ________.
A．escaped; being punished
B．was escaping; being punished
C．escaped; punishment
D．was escaping; punishing
解析：选B　句意：史密斯先生回家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时发现煤气正从管道里泄漏，因为我们忘记关阀门了。但是后来我们很幸运，没受到惩罚。escape from ...“(气体等)从……中泄漏”，由“when he came back”可知第一个空应用过去进行时；escape being punished/punishment“逃脱/逃避惩罚”。
6．(2014·江苏两所名校联考)—What happened to that woman selling newspapers
—I don't know. She ________ around here for a long time.
A．hasn't seen B．didn't see
C．hadn't been seen D．hasn't been seen
解析：选D　根据答语第一句中的时态可知 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， 此处强调的是“到目前为止，好长时间没有见到她了”，而且see 与she之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。
7．(2014·宁波四中高三一模)Thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s kind of cloth ________ well. I think it is worthy ________.
A．washes; buying B．is washed; buying
C．washes; to be bought D．is washed; to be bought
解析：选C　句意：这种布很好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )洗，我认为值得买。第一空表示主语内在的特征、性质而非强调动作本身，应用主动表示被动，故可排除B、D两项；根据短语be worthy to be done和be worthy of being done(值得做)，可知应选C。
8．(2014·淮北模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))The cinema looks very old because of its traditional design. ________， it was finished only two months ago.
A．In reality B．In turn
C．In return D．In need
解析：选A　句意：这个电影院由于传统的设 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )计而看上去很旧。实际上，它仅仅在两个月前才完工。in reality“事实上，实际上”，符合句意。in turn“依次，轮流”；in return“作为回报”；in need“在危难中”。
9．(2014·黄冈模拟)In a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ense, no country, big or small, should object to the trend of peace and development, ________ creating trouble to others.
A．constantly B．eventually
C．finally D．immediately
解析：选A　句意：从某种意义上来讲，一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个国家不论大小都不要反对和平与发展的趋势，不要不断地给其他国家制造麻烦。constantly“不断地，经常地”；eventually“最后地”；finally“最后”；immediately“立即，马上”。
10．(2014·泰州模拟)—H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow did you find the London Eye during your visit to London as an exchange student
— ________！ It impressed me very much.
A．Tiring B．Amazing
C．Frustrating D．Amusing
解析：选B　句意：“在你作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为一个交换生参观伦敦期间，你认为伦敦眼摩天轮怎么样？”“非常棒！给我留下的印象非常深刻。”tiring“令人疲倦的”；amazing“惊人的，很棒的，了不起的”；frustrating“令人沮丧的”；amusing“有趣的，引人发笑的”。
11．(2014·长沙一中模拟)_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ at his failure in the test, John wouldn't like to pick up the topic for the moment.
A．To be disappointed B．Disappointing
C．Disappointed D．Having disappointed
解析：选C　句意：因为考试失 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )败而非常沮丧的约翰目前不愿重提这个话题。因为句子的主语是John，与disappoint是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词。
12．(2014·徐州模拟)The e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ________ the helplessness of the crew.
A．added to B．resulted from
C．turned out D．made up
解析：选A　句意：轮船的发动机出了故障，而 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )且坏天气又增加了船员的绝望。add to“增加”，符合句意。result from“因……而发生”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；make up“弥补”。
13．(2014·湖南名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )校联考)It is the first time he ________here and now it is high time that he ________ around.
A．come; should be showed B．has come; was showed
C．has come; be showed D．came; was showed
解析：选B　It is the first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time that ...结构中that从句应用现在完成时；It is high time that ...结构中that从句应用过去时或“should＋动词原形”，而且should不能省略，故选B。
14．(2014·宿迁高三检测 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))China is the third country that has ________ the technique of space docking.
A．controlled B．invented
C．mastered D．employed
解析：选C　句意：中国是第三个掌握空间对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )接技术的国家。master“掌握”，符合句意。control“控制”；invent“发明”；employ“使用，雇用”。
15．—Sorry, I hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en't got any grape juice, but I've got you some orange juice.
—________. Thanks a lot anyway.
A．Don't mention it B．That'll do me
C．It's up to you D．That's right
解析：选B　句意：“不好意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )思，我没有买到葡萄汁，不过给你买了一些橙汁。”“这已经够了。总之多谢了。”That'll do me的意思是“这对我来说已经够了”，符合语境。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·皖南八校高三联合考试)H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umans: it's time to abandon Earth or race extinction.
It could be th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e plot of a summer blockbuster (大片), but this prediction isn't science fiction. It's a glimpse of the future, according to famous British scientist Stephen Hawking.
“I see great dangers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for the human race，” he said in an interview with global forum Big Think. “There have been a number of times in the past when its survival has been a question of touch and go.”
“I believe tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the long term future of the human race must be in space，” he said.“ It will be difficult enough to avoid disasters on planet Earth in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand, or million.”
Hawking, who wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom last year, has recently voiced many concerns about the future of life on Earth.
“If aliens visited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) us, the outcome would be as much as when Columbus landed in America, which didn't turn out well for the Native Americans，” he said. “Such advanced aliens would perhaps become nomads (游牧民), looking to conquer and colonize whatever planets they can reach.”
But Hawking says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he's still hopeful for the future of humanity. He told Big Think, “We've made remarkable progress in the last hundred years. But if we want to continue beyond the next hundred years, our future is in space.”
Getting to another pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anet will prove a challenge, not to mention colonizing it for humanity. Katherine Freese from University of Michigan told Big Think, “ the nearest star to Earth is Proxima Centauri which is 4.2 light years away. That means, if you were traveling at the speed of light the whole time, it would take 4.2 years to get there — or about 50,000 years using current rocket science.”
语篇解读：文章主要介绍了英国著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金对人类未来的预测。
1．Humans are advised to abandon Earth mainly because ________.
A．aliens will take up our home planet soon
B．it was discussed in the forum Big Think
C．many scientists like Hawking are concerned about it
D．many disasters will happen on Earth
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )四段中的“It will be difficult enough ..., or million.”可知，在接下来的几百年中地球上会有许多灾难发生。故答案为D。
2．Thinking about the future of humans, Hawking feels that ________.
A．humans can't live on Earth any longer
B．Earth will not be habitable for humans
C．other planets are ready for humans to reach
D．aliens are the biggest future threat to humans
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第七段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的“We've made remarkable ..., our future is in space.”可知，我们虽然在过去的几百年中取得了卓越的进步，但是如果我们要在接下来的几百年中继续延续这种进步，我们将来的生活空间在太空。据此可以推断出，未来地球将不再适合人类居住。故答案为B。
3．What is the writer's key point in the last paragraph
A．It is impossible to get to another planet in space.
B．It is urgent for Hawking to develop the space science.
C．The near future can't see human's move to another planet.
D．The planet Proxima Centauri is far away from Earth.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最后一段的内容可知，人类借助现在的火箭科学技术，短时间内是不可能到达离地球最近的Proxima Centauri (比邻星)的，所以人类搬去另外一个星球在不远的将来是不会实现的。故答案为C。
4．This passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．a conference interview
B．a science fiction
C．a history book
D．a forum report
解析：选D　文章出处题。文章主要介绍 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了斯蒂芬·霍金对人类未来的预测，是在global forum Big Think上发表的自己的看法与观点，故文章最有可能摘自论坛报告。答案为D。
B
(2014·江苏常州市水平 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )检测)Beautiful people are indeed happier, a new study says, but not always for the same reasons. For handsome men, the extra kicks are more likely to come from economic benefits, like increased wages, while women are more likely to find joy just looking in the mirror. “Women feel that beauty is naturally important，” says Daniel Hamermesh, a University of Texas at Austin labor economist and the study's lead author. “They just feel bad if they're ugly.”
Hamermesh is the ackno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wledged father of pulchronomics, or the economic study of beauty. It can be a dangerous job. He once made angry an audience of young Mormon (魔门教) women, many of whom wished to stay home with future children, by explaining that homemakers tend to be less attractive than their working girl peers (同伴). “Since beautiful women tend to be paid more, they have more motivation to stay in the work force，” he says.
The pursuit of good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) looks drives several huge industries — in 2010, Americans spent $845 million on face lifts alone — but few economists focused on beauty's financial power until the mid 1990s, when Hamermesh and his colleague, Jeff Biddle of Michigan State University, became the first scholars to track the effect of appearance on earnings potential for a large sample (样本) of adults. Like many other desirable commodities (商品), “beauty is rare，” Hamermesh says, “and that rareness commands a price.”
A handsome man is est ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )imated to make 13 percent more during his career than a “looks challenged” peer, according to calculations in Hamermesh's recent book, Beauty Pays. Interestingly, the net benefit is slightly less for pretty women, who may make up the difference by trading on their looks to marry men with higher earning potential. And some studies have shown that attractive people are more likely to be hired in a recession (经济衰退)．
Hamermesh argues that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“there's not much we can do to improve our pulchritude (美丽)”. There are even studies suggesting that for every dollar spent on cosmetic products (化妆品), only 4 cents returns as salary — making lipstick a truly awful investment.
________.One 2006 s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudy showed that the less beautiful may actually profit from their lack of looks. People tend to expect less from the unattractive, so when they go beyond those low expectations they are rewarded. And the beautiful ones are often primarily held to a higher standard — “then hit with a ‘beauty penalty’ if they fail to deliver.” Hamermesh says.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了最近的一项调查研究表明，漂亮的人确实更幸福，即使在经济衰退时期，也比较容易找到工作。
5．What is the best title of this passage
A．How Much does Being Attractive Cost
B．How Much is Being Attractive Worth
C．How can We Make Use of Our Beauty
D．How Happy do Attractive People Feel
解析：选B　标题归纳题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )通读全文可知，文章主要讲了漂亮的人会更幸福，长相好的男士可以比相貌一般的同伴赚到更多的工资，长相好的女士可以嫁入豪门；即使在经济衰退时期，长相好的人们也能更容易找到工作。由此可知，研究者主要是对漂亮价值进行研究。故答案选B。
6．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage
A．Handsome men are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )happier because they can make profits from their pulchritude.
B．Housewives a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re usually less beautiful and thus less motivated than their working peers.
C．Beauty's f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inancial power has long been noticed historically as a most desirable commodity.
D．Beautiful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )women usually make more as they can trade their looks to wealthy and handsome men.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Beautiful people are indeed happier ... but not always for the same reasons.”和第二句中的“Fot handsome men, the extra kicks are more likely to come from economic benefits”可知，A项正确。
7．What is the topic sentence of the last paragraph
A．But inborn beauty isn't always profitable.
B．But people always desire to be more beautiful.
C．But inborn beauties don't need to improve themselves.
D．But being more attractive deserves great efforts.
解析：选A　段落大意题。文章最后一段讲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到，2006年的一项研究表明，长相普通的人可能会由于人们对他们期望较低而获益，而长相较好的人也可能会由于达不到人们对他们的期望而得不到相应的好处。由此可知，本段的主题句应为：天生的漂亮并不总能带来好处。故答案选A。
8．Which one of the fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing words of Hamermesh's can best explain the fact that attractive people are more likely to be hired in a recession
A．“Women feel that beauty is naturally important.”
B．“Beauty is rare, and that rareness commands a price.”
C．“There's not much we can do to improve our pulchritude.”
D．“... then hit with a ‘beauty penalty’ if they fail to deliver.”
解析：选B　推理判断题。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据文章第四段最后一句“即使在经济衰退时期，长相好的人也比较容易找到工作”可知，雇主也喜欢漂亮的员工。所以B项“漂亮是稀少的，稀缺资源就有价值”能反映漂亮在经济衰退时期的优势。故答案选B。
B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2014·苏州高三检测) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )One day I was doing a big clean up when I __1__ a knotted handkerchief with an old dark brown coin inside. I took one look and immediately __2__ an unforgettable time.
In 1991, I had spent f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ive months in Niger, with sandstorms and great heat. Its __3__ and beggars were my biggest and most constant complaint. Street beggars would continually reached out their hands, shouting “Gift! Gift！”
One day, I __4__ for neighboring Burkina to work in a health clinic.
Arriving by taxi at o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur destination in Burkina, we began to __5__. Out of the darkness, a motorbike with two men approached slowly. Without __6__， one of the men grabbed my daypack as the motorbike swept close by. Within seconds, the two were out of sight, __7__ up by the night.
The bag had my passpo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt, money, traveler's cheques, camera, an airline ticket and other things __8__ to me. I was in deep trouble.
In the weeks that fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowed, I __9__ guarded the rest of my valuables and regarded all __10__ with suspicion. All I wanted was to leave this place.
Then, walking thro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ugh Burkina's streets, I met with an old woman，“Gift! Gift！” she cried. I'd had enough. I was __11__ of the country: its poverty, its thieves, the heat, and the dust, I told her angrily，“A thief stole all my money and now I can't __12__ out of your country. I cannot give you anything”．
The beggar woman l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )istened attentively and __13__ my words. Then she reached __14__ the folds of her dress.
“Then I will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )give you a gift”， she announced. Kindly, she placed an old, dark brown coin in my hand. I looked at it in __15__. It was a very small amount of money — but for this woman, the coin __16__ a meal. At that moment, I felt a shame. In spite of her __17__， she was able to give me something priceless.
I saw then the __18 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__ beauty of the people of Burkina, and appreciated deeply the quiet __19__ of the poor. With the old woman's gift, I hope never to part with the coin she gave me. With one small coin, she __20__ my concept completely.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一枚发黑的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )硬币让“我”想起了一段难忘的经历。一枚硬币虽然不值钱，但是通过这枚硬币，“我”深深地感受到Burkina 穷人 内心的善良和尊严。
1．A.cared about　　　　　　　　　B．came across
C．looked for D．focused upon
解析：选B　一次“我”在大扫除的时候，偶然 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )发现了一个打结的手帕，里面有一枚发黑的硬币。care about意为“担心，在乎”；come across意为“偶然发现，偶然遇到”；look for意为“寻找”；focus upon意为“集中于”。
2．A.presented B．gave
C．recalled D．reminded
解析：选C　“我”看了一眼硬币，立刻回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )想起以前的一段难忘的时光。present意为“提出，呈现”；give意为“给”；recall意为“回忆，回想”；remind意为“使想起”，固定搭配remind sb. of sth.意为“让人想起某事”。
3．A.traffic B．dust
C．noise D．climate
解析：选D　根据上文中的“sandstorms and great heat”可知，作者抱怨的是这种炎热的气候。故选D。
4．A.headed B．struggled
C．stood D．came
解析：选A　一天，“我”前往“我” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )邻居Burkina工作的一家诊所。head for意为“前往某地”，符合语境，故选A。其他选项与for搭配均与句意不符。
5．A.move B．unload
C．hide D．pass
解析：选B　乘出租到达目的地后，“我们”开始卸行李。unload意为“卸载”，符合语境，故选B。其他选项均与句意不符。
6．A.warning B．planning
C．thinking D．arranging
解析：选A　当摩托车从“我”身旁驶过的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )候，其中一个男人突然抢走了“我”的小背包。很突然，没有任何的警示。warn意为“警示，警告”；plan意为“计划”；think意为“思考，想”；arrange意为“安排”。
7．A.hung B．put
C．swallowed D．cleared
解析：选C　很快，两个人消 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失在夜色之中。swallow up意为“吞并，侵吞，把……并入其中”，此处是用过去分词作状语，表示被动，被夜色所吞没，带有拟人的意味。hang up意为“挂断，悬挂，搁置”；put up意为“提供，张贴”；clear up意为“(天空)放晴”。
8．A.obvious B．expensive
C．familiar D．precious
解析：选D　包里有护照、钱、旅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行支票等，都是一些对“我”来说很重要的东西。obvious意为“明显的”；expensive意为“昂贵的”；familiar意为“熟悉的”；precious意为“宝贵的，珍贵的”。
9．A.elegantly B．cautiously
C．dependently D．frequently
解析：选B　句意：接下来 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的几个星期里，我警惕地保护着剩下的宝贵东西。elegantly意为“优美地，雅致地”；cautiously意为“小心地，谨慎地”；dependently意为“依靠地，依赖地”；frequently意为“频繁地，屡次地”。与下文“regarded all________with suspicion”相呼应，故选B。
10．A.locals B．thieves
C．beggars D．motor bikers
解析：选A　接下来的几个星期里，“我”警惕地 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )保护着剩下的贵重的东西，并怀疑每一个当地人。local意为“当地人”，符合语境。与下文“All I wanted was to ...”相呼应。
11．A.proud B．conscious
C．sick D．aware
解析：选C　“我”对这个国家感到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )厌倦——贫穷、小偷、热和灰尘。be proud of意为“以……为骄傲”；be conscious of意为“意识到……”；be sick of意为“厌恶，厌倦”；be aware of意为“意识到……”。与下文“I told her angrily”相呼应，故选C。
12．A.get B．run
C．come D．rush
解析：选A　句意：一个贼偷光了我的钱， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我现在不能离开你们的国家，我不能给你们任何东西了。get out of意为“摆脱，逃避”，符合语境。故选A。
13．A.attended to B．looked up
C．thought about D．wrote down
解析：选C　那个女乞丐仔细听着， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )琢磨着“我”的话。attend to意为“照料”；look up意为“查询，抬头看”，think about意为“考虑……琢磨……”；write down意为“写下”。与上文“listened attentively”相呼应，故选C。
14．A.for B．into
C．out D．at
解析：选B　听了“我”的话，这位女 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )乞丐把手伸进了衣服的褶缝里。reach for意为“伸出……以触及”；reach into意为“伸进，进入”；reach out意为“伸出”；reach at意为“到达”。
15．A.order B．vain
C．serve D．shock
解析：选D　她轻轻地把一枚发黑的硬币放 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在“我”手里，“我”很惊讶地看着硬币。in order意为“按次序的”；in vain意为“徒劳地，白费力气地”；in serve意为“在服务中”；in shock意为“震惊地”。
16．A.meant B．made
C．served D．suggested
解析：选A　这枚硬币的面值很低——但对那个女人而言，它意味着一顿饭。mean意为“意味着”，符合句意。故选A。
17．A.dirtiness B．poverty
C．kindness D．safety
解析：选B　尽管她很穷，她给“我”的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )东西是无价的。句中in spite of意为“尽管”。poverty意为“贫穷”，符合语境。与上文“The beggar woman”相呼应，故选B。
18．A.updated B．unfolded
C．broken D．unexpected
解析：选D　“我”看到了Bur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kina人民令人始料未及的美丽。根据上下文可知，“我”在这之前没有想到这位女乞丐会给自己一枚硬币，所以用unexpected表示始料未及。与上文“I looked at it in________.”相呼应，故选D。
19．A.moment B．action
C．dignity D．life
解析：选C　看到这位女乞丐的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )做法，“我”深深地感受到穷苦人内心的尊严。虽然他们靠乞讨生活，但他们也有尊严。dignity意为“尊严”，符合句意。故选C。
20．A.changed B．damaged
C．found D．accepted
解析：选A　惭愧之余，“我”希望这枚硬币永远伴随着“我”。一枚小小的硬币，彻底改变了“我”的观念。与最后一段第一句相呼应，故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2014·鹰潭市高三第二次模拟考试)Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A little known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.
It is a surprising fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.
What are the implica ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions of these increased numbers of older folk One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability. Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.
Another signif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change.
Much needs t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Life long learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country's development.
Social secur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.
To achieve equality i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n such matters will take considerable time and effort. One thing is sure: there is no time to be lost.
语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。老年人口的比例在发展中国家猛增，这无疑会带来很多问题，尽管这一问题很棘手，但解决这一问题势在必行、刻不容缓。
1．The proportion of older people ________.
A．is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries
B．is one seventh of the population in developing countries
C．will increase much faster in China than in France
D．will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知，在法国，115年里老年人口的比例从7%增长到了14%，而在中国仅仅用了27年的时间就达到了这个增长幅度。因此可推知，将来中国老龄人口比例的增长速度要比法国快得多。故答案选C。
2．According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he passage, which of the following are governments most worried about
A．The diseases and disability of older people.
B．The longer life and good health of people.
C．The loss of taxes on older people.
D．The increasing respect for older people.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，政府担心，人们活的寿命越长，人们的健康压力会越大。答案选A。
3．It is stated direct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly in the passage that older people should ________.
A．be treated differently in different cultures
B．enjoy a similar lifestyle
C．be ignored as society changes
D．be valued by the younger generations
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations ... society.”可知，年轻人应该理解和尊重老年人，D项为文章中直接陈述的观点。故答案选D。
4．Which of the foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owing measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem
A．Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.
B．Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.
C．Providing free health care for sick older people.
D．Supplying life long learning programs to older people.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句可知，A项表述正确；根据倒数第二段第一句可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第三段第二句可知，D项表述正确。故答案选C。
5．The author concludes in the last paragraph that ________.
A．governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problem
B．population a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )geing is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgently
C．people are too busy to solve the population ageing problem
D．much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem
解析：选B　段落大意题。根据最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段中“there is no time to be lost”可知，作者认为，尽管人口老龄化这一问题很棘手，但解决它已经是刻不容缓了。故答案选B。
Ⅲ.任务型阅读
(2014·泰州高三模拟)
Job stress hits students
As the job hunting sea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )son kicks off, many graduates are suffering from anxiety. Job interview results are becoming the most common conversation topic in dormitories. Worried about not getting satisfactory offers, some students have sleep problems, or lose their appetite. Some might even display symptoms of depression.
According to a su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rvey across several universities in Wuhan conducted by Wuhan Yangtze Business University, over 72 percent of student participants were worried about finding a job. Students in the first one or two years were also uneasy about their job prospects, which contributed to spreading anxiety further.
Lang Lei, 22, a busine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss major from Renmin University in Beijing, admitted having mood swings when job hunting. The student hoped to get positions with large state owned enterprises in his hometown of Yantai, Shandong. But when it turned out that things wouldn't be so easy, Lang became concerned. After some struggling moments, he has now changed to more realistic goals.
Others feel tortured ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )受折磨) while waiting for interview results. Mo Tong, a senior software engineering major at South China Normal University, would fall into a nervous state every time after he attended a job interview.
“For a day or two I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )couldn't help but keep thinking about how I performed in front of the interviewers, how well I dealt with their questions, and whether they would consider giving me a chance in the end，” Mo was unable to focus on other things as his anxiety grew.
Media reports about ri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sing unemployment rates and a difficult job market have touched students' nerves.
“I'm alarmed by artic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )les saying how bachelor's degree holders are losing ground，” said Wang Hongjuan, a sophomore English major from Putian University in Fujian Province. “It suggests to me that good jobs are only available to graduate or doctoral students.”
As Wang has n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o plans to further her education, she has to commit herself to all sorts of extracurricular activities to improve her prospects. This throws her into a packed schedule.
Wen Fang, a well known ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) education psychology expert and consultant in Beijing, advises students not to be misled by depressing surveys and reports about the job market. “Unemployment rates are not linked to an individual's chances of getting a job，” he said. “An individual's chances are actually mainly determined by his or her capability.”
According to Wen, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a moderate degree of anxiety is normal — it can even be helpful. But if it constantly affects a student's normal life, one should pay more attention. “Focus on adapting yourself to the needs of society, and never ever overestimate your goals，” Wen added.
Title：Job stress hits students
Present (1)________ on campus As the job hunting se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ason comes, most students become (2)________． Students (3)________ mainly about job interview results in dormitories. Some students are wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ried about not getting satisfactory jobs and feel (4)________． Students in the first one or two years are also uneasy about their job prospects.
Examples Lang Lei He (5)________ in business and finds it hard to get a satisfying job in his hometown. He has now changed to more realistic goals.
Mo Tong After an inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )view, he always thinks about how he performed in front of the interviewers and whether he could get a chance (6)________． With his anxiety ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (7)________， Mo becomes less focused on other things.
Wang Hongjuan She is alarme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d by m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )edia reports saying bachelor's degree holders have no (8)________ when hunting for jobs. She is busy with extracurricular activities to improve her prospects.
Experts' opinion One's capability (9)__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ his or her chances of getting a job. Students should no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t be misled by gloomy surveys and reports about the job market. Try to (10)________ yourself to the needs of society, and never ever overestimate your goals.
答案：(1)situation　(2)an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xious/worried　(3)talk　(4)depressed　(5)majors　(6)finally/eventually　(7)growing/increasing　(8)advantage(s)/edge　(9)determines/decides　(10)adapt/adjust
生态环保类
[精读语篇](2013·安徽高考阅读B)
Using too much water ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.You may wonder how paving (铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water.A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground.The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t responsible for all water shortages (短缺)．Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there's a lot we can do to lower the number.
You can take step ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to save water in your home.To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.
[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟)
60．Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater
A．Using river water.
B．Throwing batteries away.
C．Paving parking lots.
D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.
61．What can be inferred from the text
A．All water shortages are due to human behavior.
B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.
C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.
D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.
62．The last paragraph is intended to ________.
A．show us how to fix leaks at home
B．tell us how to run a dishwasher
C．prove what drinking glass is best for us
D．suggest what we do to save water at home
63．The text is mainly about ________.
A．why paving roads reduces our water
B．how much we depend on water to live
C．why droughts occur more in dry climates
D．how human activity affects our water supply
[读文样板]
一、理清文章脉络
本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了人类活动对水资源的隐性影响并举例说明在日常生活中如何节水。
第一段：人类活动对水资源的影响。
第二段：水资源短缺不完全是人类活动所致，但合理利用水资源能确保水资源丰富且能满足人类的基本需求。
第三、四两段：举例说明如何节水。
二、破解阅读障碍
(一)怎样破解生僻词汇
1．useable adj.能用的，可用的(也可拼为usable)
破解方法：利用构词法。use(用途)＋ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形容词后缀 able＝useable(可用的)，类似词还有：fashionable(时髦的), portable(手提的，便携式的), reasonable(合情合理的)，comfortable(舒适的), knowledgeable(知识渊博的，有见识的)等。
2．groundwater n．地下水
破解方法：利用构词法。ground(地面，土地)＋water(水)→groundwater(地下水)
(二)怎样破解长难句
译文：当然气候干燥地区比多雨地区更容易引起干旱，但不管怎样，合理利用水资源能确保有足够的水源满足我们的基本需要。
[解题样板]
60.以下哪一项最可能导致地下水减少？ 信息源 选项特征
A.使用河水。 文中未提及 无中生有
B.扔掉废电池。 第四段 曲解文意
C.铺设停车场。 第一段 合理推断
D.把垃圾扔到湖里。 第一段 曲解文意
[分析]　选C　由文章第一段最后一句“The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，我们铺设的道路和停车场越多，流入地下的水就越少。
61.从文章可以推断出什么？ 信息源 选项特征
A.缺水都是人为的。 第二段 以偏概全
B.满足我们的用水需求要作很大的努力。 全文 合理推断
C.我们有很多办法来减少家庭用水量。 第四段 以偏概全
D.美国普通家庭用水合理。 第三段 曲解文意
[分析]　选B　从文章可看出，既存在水浪费、水污染的现象，人类对水的需求量又有增无减，由此推知，要解决水资源短缺矛盾，仍须作很大努力。
62.最后一段的目的是________。 信息源 选项特征
A.如何解决家庭漏水的问题 第四段 以偏概全
B.如何使用洗碗机 第四段 以偏概全
C.证明什么样的饮水杯对我们最好 第四段 以偏概全
D.建议我们在家庭生活中如何节水 第四段 合理推断
[分析]　选D　最后一段(第四段) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )首句You can take steps to save water in your home.为主题句，接下来从四个方面举例，显然本段主要是讲在家庭生活中如何节约用水。
63.文章大意是________。 信息源 选项特征
A.为什么铺设道路会减少水源 第一段 以偏概全
B.我们对水的依赖性多大 第三段 以偏概全
C.气候干燥时为什么易出现干旱现象 第二段 以偏概全
D.人类活动如何影响水资源 全文 合理推断
[分析]　选D　首段开头句“. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).. humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways”统领全文，接着讨论了人类活动对水资源的隐性影响。