2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：选修七Unit 2 Fit for life（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释）
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| 名称 | 2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：选修七Unit 2 Fit for life（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2014-07-28 19:13:37 | ||
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Unit 2 Fit for life
第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足
(2013·辽宁高考)一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。
写作要点：1.它是中国的传统节日之一；2.家人团聚；3.赏月、吃月饼；4.还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中秋节：the Mid Aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umn Festival 农历：lunar calendar 赏月：enjoy the full moon 月饼：moon cake
The Mid Autumn Festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alThe Mid Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are (让步状语从句), we will try to come home for the celebration.The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month.What we love most (主语从句) is the time when we enjoy the full moon together.With the beautiful moon up in the sky (with的复合结构), we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories (现在分词短语作状语)．In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends. The Mid Autumn Fest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ivalThe Mid Autumn festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.As_we_all_know (众所周知。使用非限制性定语从句), there are a variety of traditional festivals in China, including Mid Autumn festival.Chinese peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e attach great importance to Mid Autumn festival.It involves several kinds of celebrations.For example, no_matter_where_they_are (无论他们在哪儿。使用让步状语从句), the family members will go home to get together to spend this unusual day.In the evening, they will enjoy the full moon while_eating_delicious_moon_cakes (他们在吃美味的月饼时。使用状语从句的省略句式)．Besides, it is also a custom for the Chinese people to travel and visit friends on this day.In a word, Mid Autumn festival is of great importance to the Chinese people because it makes them not_only_relax_but_also_realize_the_significance_of_family_reunion (不但得到放松而且认识到家庭团聚的意义。使用not only ...but also ...句式).
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．China's best se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lling (畅销的) tablet computer iPad saw its shipments to the country between April and June.
2．It is vital (重要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的) that we should be kept informed of all developments.
3．He said that they ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eded to identify actual and potential (潜在的) problems.
4．When the bl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood pressure is abnormal (不正常的), many physicians repeat the measurement.
5．In order t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o catch up with and surpass the advanced world levels we'll have to accelerate (加快) our speed.
6．These precise ins ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )truments have already gone into mass (大规模的) production.
7．Tiredness is one of the most common symptoms (症状) of stress.
8．We were perfectly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) satisfied with the outcome (结果) of the experiment.
9．I knew very wel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l that the problem was more complex (复杂的) than he supposed.
10．These theories ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e used to confirm the relationship between the phenomena (现象) of the universe.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Sunshine, fresh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )air, and rest often accelerate a person's recovery from sickness (sick)．
2．It is not how muc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits (beneficial) our work most.
3．She said that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the ring was one of her most treasured possessions (possess)．
4．Blood must circul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate (circulation) properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need.
5．The application (ap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ply) must be made within twenty four hours, or it will not be attended to.
6．The governme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt has already adopted effective (effect) measures against piracy.
7．Yet political new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s was often related (relate) to economic and social problems.
8．You must take all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) reasonable (reason) measures to protect yourself and your family.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．The drug is so add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ictive that he is addicted to it. Therefore, it's hard for him to get rid of the addiction to it.(addicted)
2．We arranged the perf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ormance for the foreign guests after the meeting and they were satisfied with the arrangement.(arrange)
3．The astonishing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )news that he refused to accept our help we offered made us astonished. Much to our astonishment,_he was angry at our offer.(astonish)
1．Save your change, and we're ready to try it out (试验)．
2．Look_out_for (留心) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) burglars. If you see anything suspicious, call the police immediately.
3．The doctor worked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on for eighteen hours without rest, which wore_him_out (使他筋疲力尽)．
4．Her arm was beginning to swell_up (肿胀) where the bee had stung her.
5．This newspaper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has long subscribed wholeheartedly to (赞同) the idea of the current medical idea.
6．Attention was fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cused_on (集中) what was needed to obtain the required answer.
7．He was picked_out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (挑出) from the whole class to represent them to give a speech at the other school.
8．The competit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion encouraged young people to carry_out (实施) their bright ideas.
9．Like the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars in the sky, a superstar may fade_away (消失) as the years go by.
10．We are all in_favo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur_of (支持) any measure which will lead to closer cooperation in your company.
【短语归纳】
1．focus on 集中于
2．carry out 执行，实施
3．pick out 挑选，挑出
4．look out for 当心；留心，寻觅
5．try out 测试，试验；参加选拔
6．wear sb. out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
7．be cautious about 对……小心谨慎
8．let out 放出，发出
9．swell up 肿胀，膨胀
10．subscribe to 同意，赞成
11．fade away 逐渐消失
12．in favour of 支持；赞同
1．Have you ever seen a doctor If so, what happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
[解读] if so“如果是这样的话”，属于省略结构。
[仿写] 那帽子是六号的吗？如果是，对我正合适。
Is that a size 6 hat If_so,_it will do me.
2．If you open up any m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )edicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.
倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一家药店的柜台，都很有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。
[解读] 句中it is likely that ...为固定句型，意为“很可能……”。
[仿写] 他们小组很可能会赶到我们的前面。
It_is_likely_that their group will get ahead of us.
3．Some acupuncturists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.
一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。
[解读] 本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。
[仿写] 我爱喝清咖啡，而他喜欢加奶油的。
I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．possess vt.拥有，具有
[教材原句] Nearly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.
将近3 500年以前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。
①He alone is poor who does not possess knowledge.
没有知识，才是贫穷。
possession n． [C，常用复数]所有物；财产[U]具有；拥有
take possession of 占有，拥有；占领
in possession of sth. 占有(或拥有)某物
in the possession of sb. 为某人所有
②Up on the mount ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain, my most valuable possessions were my relationships with my neighbors.(2013·江苏高考完形)
在山上，我最宝贵的财富是我和我的邻居的关系。
③You can't take_posse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssion_of the house until all the papers are signed.
不到所有证件签好字，你不能占有这所房子。
④Technical progress ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) would put our firm in_possession_of the home market.
技术的进步将使我们公司占领国内市场。
[名师指津] in possess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion of 表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession of 表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“……被占有”。
2．vital adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的
[高考佳句] Through t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to pick up the material fast with every last bit of concentration.(2012·北京高考完形)
通过每周六天严格的舞蹈排练，我发现全神贯注地快速学会每一个动作是很重要的。
be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
It is vital that ... ……是极重要的
①Enough sleep is vital for the students' well being and health.
充足的睡眠对学生的身心健康是非常重要的。
[名师指津] 在句型“It is vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tal that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
②It is vital that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you (should)_keep_good_relationship_with neighbouring countries.
保持睦邻友好关系是十分重要的。
[链接高考]
(2012·安徽高考)Interes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.
A．vital B．available
C．specific D．similar
解析：选A 句意：对于学习来说，兴趣同 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。根据句意可知，应用vital。be vital to ...意为“对……极其重要”。
3．astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊
[教材原句] It as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.
令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。
(1)It astonishes sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人感到惊讶
It astonishes sb.that ... 令某人感到吃惊的是……
What astonishes sb.is ... 使某人吃惊的是……
(2)astonished adj. 吃惊的(多修饰人)
be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do ... 做……感到惊讶
(3)astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的(多修饰物)
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊
to one's astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是
in astonishment 惊讶地
①Podell was astonished at the strong response.(2013·湖南高考阅读简答)
伯德尔对这个强烈的反应感到很惊讶。
②What_astonished_me was that he made such rapid progress.
使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。
③Here is an aston ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.(2013·辽宁高考阅读C)
这是一个惊人的、重要的事实：单就脑力工作不会使我们疲惫。
[一言串记] To my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) astonishment, they seemed astonished at the astonishing news, and looked at me in astonishment.
令我吃惊的是，他们听到这个令人惊讶的消息时似乎大吃一惊，并惊讶地望着我。
4．addicted adj.上瘾；入迷
[教材原句] Some peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e have also used acupuncture to treat smokers, alcoholics and people who are addicted to drugs.
有些人也用针刺疗法来治疗吸烟者、酗酒者以及对毒品上瘾的人。
(1)be/get/become addicted to ... 对……上瘾
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 入迷的人；有瘾的人
addict oneself to 沉溺于……；醉心于……
(3)addiction n. 上瘾；沉溺；入迷
(4)addictiveadj. 使人上瘾的
①Whatever you do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. (2013·广东高考阅读B)
无论你做什么，如果你想做得很好，在很长一段时间内，你需要日复一日的工作，几乎到痴迷的地步。
②Teenagers who ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dict themselves_to_the_Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。
[名师指津] 与addicted/addiction连用的to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
5．relate vt.& vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述
[教材原句] Anothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.
另一种理论则将针灸和人体内减少疼痛的化学物质的生成联系起来。
(1)relate ... to/with ... 把……与……联系起来
relate sth.to sb. 向某人讲述……
relate to ... 涉及，与……相关
(2)related adj. 有关系的，相关的；亲戚的
be related to 与……有关/联系/血缘关系
①The third rela ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tes to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
第三涉及所有的部门工作标准的建立。
②Also, the researchers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.(2013·湖北高考阅读E)
而且，研究者说，收入越高残疾的风险会越大。
二、间考词汇自识记
1．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
be beneficial to 对……有益
2．approval n．批准，通过；赞成，同意
①meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人的赞成
②with/earn sb.'s approval 得到某人的赞许
Do the plans meet with your approval
这些计划你赞成吗？
[单词对点集训]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·皖北协作区联考)—I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the young woman standing there ________ the company
—No. It is ________ her uncle.
A．in the possession of; in possession of
B．in possession of; in the possession of
C．in possession of; in possession of
D．in the possession of; in the possession of
解析：选B 句意：“站在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那里的那位年轻女士拥有这家公司吗？”“不是，这家公司为她叔叔所拥有。”in possession of sth.“拥有某物”，主语通常是人；in the possession of sb.“为某人所拥有”，主语通常是物。由句意可知答案为B。
2．(2014·江南十校 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )联考)Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensibility, which is ________ to an artist.
A．absolute B．urgent
C．special D．vital
解析：选D 句意：用静止的形象作画会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导致敏感性的丧失，这对一个艺术家来说至关重要。vital“对……极其重要的”，符合句意。absolute“绝对的”；urgent“紧急的”；special“特殊的”。
3．(2014·淮阴中学高三模拟)Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Johnson gave us a report last night, which________ what he did to what he said.
A．related B．joined
C．agreed D．satisfied
解析：选A relate ...to ...“将……与……联系起来”，符合语境。join ... with ...“把……与……连接起来”；agree“同意”；satisfy“使满意”。
4．(2014·南师大附中模拟)We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )need parental ________ before allowing students to go on field trips.
A．enjoyment B．acceptation
C．certification D．approval
解析：选D 句意：在允许学生实地考察之前，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们需要得到父母的同意。approval“同意，赞成”，符合句意。enjoyment“乐趣”；acceptation“接受”；certification“证明”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
astonish多棱镜
1．用astonish的适当形式填空
①She was astonished at her sister's courage.
②It is astonishing that he should have done that work so early.
③To my astonishment,_it was dark when I woke up.
④“For someone t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said.(2012·福建高考阅读A)
2．(2014·新沂二中模拟)Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ________ expression on his face suggested that he was ________ at the extraordinary beauty of the picture.
A．astonished; astonished
B．astonishing; astonished
C．astonished; astonishing
D．astonishing; astonishing
解析：选A 句意：他脸上惊讶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的表情表明这幅画异乎寻常的美使他感到十分惊讶。astonished“吃惊的，惊愕的”，常用来说明人的感受；astonishing“令人吃惊的”，常用来修饰物，说明事物的性质。
addicted点点练
1．用addicted的适当形式填空
①It is said that some singers have addiction to drugs.
②I didn't know he was a drug addict.
③A textaholic can be d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages.
2．根据英汉提示完成小片段
李明是一个游戏迷，他父母一直试图让他不要沉迷于让人上瘾的电脑游戏。
Li Ming is a game add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ict,_and his parents have been trying to prevent him from being_addicted_to computer games which are very addictive.
3．(2014·黄山七校联考)________to drugs, he seldom calls his parents except when he asks them for money.
A．Being addicted B．Addicted
C．Addicting D．Having addicted
解析：选B 句意：由于他吸毒上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瘾，常常是向父母要钱时才给他们打电话。be addicted to“对……上瘾”，故此处用过去分词形式作状语。
1．try out 测试，试验；参加选拔
[教材原句] Fleming tried t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.
弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。
①Scientists t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ried out thousands of chemicals before they found the right one.
科学家们试验了数千种的化学药品才找到一种合适的。
try out for 参加……选拔(或试演)
try for 试图获得，力争赢得
try on 试穿
②Players have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to try_out_for the team and be approved by a majority of players.
他们入队当运动员要经过选拔并取得多数运动员的同意。
③Can I try on this shirt in a bigger size
我能试穿比这件衣服大一点的尺寸吗？
2．let out 放出，释放；发出(声音)；放大(衣服)；泄露
[高考佳句] They let ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.(2012·四川高考)
他们释放出星球上几乎所有生物体所需的氧气。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中let out的含义
①People let out thun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derous cheers when Tiangong 1 successfully blasted off.发出
②The waist in the pants needs to be let out.放大
③Who let out the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exam results They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow.泄露
④If he was given ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )five years' imprisonment, he could be let out after three years.释放
let go 放开；释放
let down 使失望；放下
let alone 更不用说；更别提；不打扰
⑤When someone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.(2013·辽宁高考)
当有人深深伤害了你时，你会很难摆脱仇恨。
3．subscribe to 同意，赞成；订阅；捐赠
[教材原句] A lot of people now subscribe to these theories.
现在有很多人认同这些理论。
①If you subscribe to the newspaper, it'll be delivered to your door.
如果你订阅报纸，会送货上门。
②Rich and genero ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us, he subscribed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
由于有钱又慷慨，他给红十字会捐了两百万美元。
[一言串记] We applied ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work. The department manager subscribed to it and subscribed her name to the application form.
我们申请订阅几本对我们的工作有益的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求，并在申请表上签上了她的名字。
[联想归纳] 表示“同意，赞成”的短语还有：
①be for ②submit to
③agree to/with ④approve of
⑤in favour of
[短语对点集训]
Ⅰ.选词填空
(be cautious about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， focus on， try out， pick out， carry out， subscribe to， open up， let out
1．She made me promise not to let_out where it was hidden.
2．The school library usually subscribes_to many kinds of magazines.
3．All the importa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt sentences in the article were picked_out in red lines.
4．They opened_up l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arge areas of wasteland and turned them into farmland.
5．The talks will focus_on economic development of the region.
6．All these exper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iments are carried_out with practical rather than scientific aims in view.
7．The method seems good but it needs to be tried_out.
8．Doctors ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e_cautious_about this new treatment, which is understandable.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·河北五校高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三联考)John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ________all his trousers to his measure.
A．let out B．give away
C．bring in D．make up
解析：选A 句意：John最近长胖了这么多，所以他母亲不得不按照他的尺寸把他的裤子加肥。let out在本题中意为“加肥”，符合题意。
2．(2014·安徽名校联考)—What attracted you to our university
—You have a great basketball team and I can ________ for it.
A．work out B．look out
C．try out D．carry out
解析：选C 句意：“是什么吸引你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到我们的大学？”“你们这里有一支很好的篮球队，我可以参加这支队伍的选拔赛。”work out“解出，算出”，carry out“执行”，以上两项均不能与介词for构成固定短语；look out for“小心”；try out for“参加……选拔(或试演)”。
3．(2014·江苏苏州中学月考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—Do you ________ her optimistic view of the state of the current economy
—Yes. We should have faith in our government.
A．subscribe to B．contribute to
C．correspond to D．cater to
解析：选A 问句句意：你赞成她对现在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的经济形势所持的乐观观点吗？subscribe to“赞成”，符合句意。contribute to“促进”；correspond to“与……一致”；cater to“迎合，满足……的需要”。
1．Have you ever seen a doctor If_so,_what happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
if so是省略结构，意为“如果这样的话”。
常见的含if的省略结构还有：
if necessary 如有必要
if possible 如有可能
if not 如果不是这样的话
if any 如果真有的话
if ever 若曾经有的话
①If not, in a few ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years' time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.(2013·江西高考阅读D)
如果不是这样的话，几年以后恰恰是现在吸引游客的东西可能已经完全被破坏了。
②Our plans are quite flexible, so we can change them if_necessary.
我们的计划很灵活，如有必要可以变动。
2．Some acupuncturis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.
一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。
本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。while还有以下用法：
(1)while 引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”。
(2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
(3)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
①Some people are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.(2013·广东高考阅读B)
一些人出生在富贵家庭，而另一些人天生智力好，生活就是这样。
②Twenty five ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. (2013·陕西高考)
25年后，2003年的一天，当我正开车去一个附近的城镇时，我看到一位老人在炎热酷暑下站着等搭便车。
③There will be life while there is water and air.
只要有水和空气的地方就会有生命。
[句型对点集训]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．她在吗？如果不在， 我可以跟她姐姐说话吗？
Is she in If_not,_could I speak to her sister
2．我想他很可能明天到达。
I think it_is_likely_that he will arrive tomorrow.
3．这些是物理变化而那些是化学变化。
These are physical changes while those are chemical changes.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·安庆一中高三调研)He ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is ready to help others, seldom, ________refusing them when they turn to him.
A．if never B．if ever
C．if not D．if any
解析：选B 句意：他乐于助人，别人向他求助时他几乎从不拒绝。if ever意为“曾有的话”，是if there is ever的省略。
2．(2014·南京高三巩固性训 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )练)Steve was busy clearing the cups and dishes from the table ________ others were playing.
A．until B．if
C．since D．while
解析：选D 根据句意可知，空处前后表达的是两个同时发生的动作，强调对比，表示“而”，所以用while。
3．(2014·安徽大江中学模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))________ good looks are impressive, they hardly make someone a lasting star.
A．Once B．Unless
C．Since D．While
解析：选D 句意：虽然好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的外貌令人印象深刻，但是它也不能让一个明星长久出名。根据句意可知，这里while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
连系动词
1．(2014·石家庄高三一模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Although it________ a little bitter, this medicine will be good for curing the disease.
A．is tasted B．tasted
C．is tasting D．tastes
解析：选D 句意：尽管尝起来有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )点苦，但这种药对治疗这种病有好处。根据空后的“bitter”一词可知，taste是系动词，不用被动语态，也不用进行时，故可排除A、C两项；由主句的时态可知应选D。
2．(2011·重庆高考)Look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at the pride on Tom's face.He ______to have been praised by the manager just now.
A．seemed B．seems
C．had seemed D．is seeming
解析：选B 句意：看汤姆脸上骄傲的神情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，他似乎刚才被经理表扬了。 根据第一句中的内容可知叙述的是现在的情况，此处seem表示“似乎；看起来”，是系动词，不用于进行时， 因此排除D项，选B。
3．(2014·江苏大丰模拟)D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o you think that bridge ________ 2,000 meters long It doesn't appear ________ long.
A．measures; that B．is measured; so
C．is measured; such D．measures; much
解析：选A measure表示“有多长 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(宽、高、深)”时为系动词，所以用主动语态。that在此处相当于副词so，而much不能修饰形容词原级，故选A。
4．(2014·黄山七校联考)All t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he students looked ________ at the broken model ship and felt quite ________.
A．sad; sad B．sadly; sadly
C．sad; sadly D．sadly; sad
解析：选D 考生很容易误选A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，认为look和feel均为连系动词，所以其后应接形容词作表语。其实，第一空前的“looked”并不是连系动词，而是实义动词，故应用副词sadly修饰。第二空前的“felt”为系动词，应用形容词sad与其构成系表结构，故选D。
5．(2014·六安模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))During the long term cooperation, Mr.Li ________ a smart, honest and trust worthy man.
A．appears B．makes
C．turns D．proves
解析：选D 句意：在长期合作中，李先生被 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )证明是一个精明、诚实且值得信赖的人。prove“证明是”；appear“好像”；make“使”；turn“变成”。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·皖北协作区高三联考)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he matter ________ people's health surely requires ________ carefully.
A．related to; dealing with
B．relating to; dealt with
C．related to; being dealt with
D．relating to; having dealt with
解析：选A 句意：与人们健康有关的问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )确实需要认真处理。第一空表示“与……相关的”，应该用related to作matter的后置定语，表示被动；require后面需要跟动名词主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。故根据句意和结构可知应选A。
2.(2014·常州高三模拟)— ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Is there any possibility of the film ________ in Paris International Festival
—Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.
A．trying out B．tried out
C．to try out D．being tried out
解析：选D 句意：“这部电 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )影有可能入围巴黎国际艺术节吗？”“一点都不可能，因为观众对此电影评价很低。”解答该题的关键是要正确理解介词后动名词的主动式与被动式的选用以及动名词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。选项在句中作介词of的宾语，应使用动名词形式，根据句意可知，介词of后的名词the film为try out的逻辑主语，且两者之间为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动结构。
3．(2014·常德高三检测)He ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was ________ to hear that he had lost the job, and the news was too ________ to him.
A．astonished; astonished B．astonishing; astonishing
C．astonished; astonishing D．astonishing; astonished
解析：选C astonished“感到惊讶的”，作表语时，其主语通常是人；astonishing“令人惊讶的”，常用来描述事物。
4．(2014·南京四校联考)—Do you ________ the idea of living a low carbon life
—It sounds tough, but it is a tendency.
A．correspond to B．apply to
C．cater to D．subscribe to
解析：选D 句意：“你同意过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )低碳生活的观点吗？”“听起来很难，但这是一种趋势。”subscribe to“同意”，符合句意。correspond to“与……一致”；apply to“适合”；cater to“迎合”。
5．(2014·南京金陵中学模拟)So ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me students, who are addicted________ the computer games, do not go to school at all.
A．to play B．playing
C．to playing D．play
解析：选C be addicted to“对……上瘾”，其中to为介词，后跟名词或动名词作宾语，故选C。
6．(2011·湖北高考)An unhap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )py childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character; however, they are not always______.
A．practical B．avoidable
C．permanent D．beneficial
解析： 选C 句意：不幸 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的童年可能对人的性格有些负面影响， 但是这些影响不总是永久的。 practical “切合实际的”；avoidable“可避免的”；permanent“永久的”；beneficial“有利的”。
7．(2014·枣庄三中阶段测试)—I'm really angry at Tom. He never listens to me.
—________， Ellen. Things will work out.
A．Don't mention it B．I don't think so
C．Take it easy D．No problem
解析：选C 句意：“我真的生汤姆的气。他从不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )听我的话。”“别急，Ellen。事情会好转的。”take it easy“放松，别烦恼，不要生气”。
8．(2014·合肥八中高三模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)Take medicine as directed by the doctor; besides, you should also keep in mind that sunshine, fresh air, and rest often________ a person's recovery from sickness.
A．accelerate B．approve
C．accomplish D．accumulate
解析：选A 句意：按医生说明吃药，此外， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你也应牢记阳光、新鲜空气和休息常常会使一个人早日康复。accelerate“加速”，符合句意。approve“赞成”；accomplish“完成”；accumulate“积累”。
9．(2014·河北高三教学质量 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )检测)________ I couldn't fully understand what he wanted to show in his paintings, I thought his works were quite impressive.
A．As B．Since
C．If D．While
解析：选D 句意：尽管我不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能充分理解在他的画里他想要展现什么，但我觉得他的作品给人的印象很深刻。while在此处表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
10．(2014·连云港高三检测)—Have you been to the Great Wall
—Perhaps not in my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) memory.________， it might have been during my early childhood.
A．If any B．If ever
C．If not D．If possible
解析：选B If ever是“If I ever have been to the Great Wall”的省略。
11．(2014·石家庄一中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中测试)Today we have too many choices of communication through advanced technology, but we seem ________ the joy of communicating face to face.
A．losing B．to have lost
C．to be lost D．having lost
解析：选B 句意：今天，我们有太多通过先进 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的技术进行沟通交流的选择，但我们似乎已经失去了面对面沟通的乐趣。系动词seem后应接动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，we与lose是逻辑上的主动关系，故选B。
12．(2014·盐城高三模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)Kate is a woman who________ a rare intelligence and she is sure to do the work well.
A．possess B．possesses
C．is possessed D．possessed
解析：选B 句意：凯特是个具有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )非凡才智的女人，她一定会做好这份工作。根据两个并列分句的时态可知，空格处应用一般现在时，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。故选B。
13．(2014·庐江二中模拟)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is vital that schools________ students to use computer technology.
A．should be taught B．must teach
C．teach D．are taught
解析：选C 句意：学校应该教会学生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使用计算机技术，这是至关重要的。在“It is vital that ...”句型中，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。teach后的students是其宾语，不能用被动语态。
14．(2014·南京四校联考)—Did you have a good night's sleep, sir
—Oh, exactly. It was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )such a comfortable bed. I could never have________ sleep.
A．a good B．the best
C．a better D．a best
解析：选C 从语意看，说话人表示“从来没有睡得这样好”，“a(n)＋形容词的比较级＋名词”用在否定句中表示最高级的含义。
15．________ annoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s me a great deal to hear people blaming everything. Why can't they just be a little more positive
A．What B．It
C．That D．As
解析：选B 句意：听到别人每件事情都抱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )怨，我很烦。为什么他们不能够更积极一点儿呢？it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是“to hear people blaming everything”，故选B。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·宿迁高三模拟)Rae ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard, they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional well being — and it's no surprise to health care professionals.
“Rest, relaxation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), and stress reduction are very important for people's well being and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing, so a rested, relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.
Psychologists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one's mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation, even if it is a 24 hour time out.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.
The online travel agen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cy Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days — but only used 14 of them.France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans' responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that's not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.
Psychologists have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also found that people who don't take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this, the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to shift into less stressed states，” Mulhern said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。
1．How did the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By making comparisons. B．By giving an example.
C．By raising questions. D．By providing data.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。
2．According to Natasha Withers, vacations can ________.
A．weaken reaction system
B．cure serious diseases
C．reduce the level of well being
D．decrease the risk of heart disease
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people's well being and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。故选D。
3．Expedia's survey shows that Americans ________.
A．dislike family gatherings
B．have the shortest vacation
C．enjoy as many vacations as the French
D．think much of spending long hours on the job
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二段最后一句中的“Americans' responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。故选D。
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．One should never wait to relax.
B．Work and rest go against each other.
C．Time and opportunity wait for no man.
D．A relaxed mind determines everything.
解析：选A 推理判断题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知选A项“我们要及时休息”。
5．What is mainly talked about in the text
A．Ways to relax in one's free time.
B．The benefits of taking time off.
C．Different opinions on holidays.
D．The Hostetlers always on the go.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。故选B。
B
(2014·安徽省三所示范性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高中高三教学质量检查)Modern living is resulting in more people becoming disconnected from the natural world, at the expense of our health and well being.
Most concern ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is centred around children, who are missing out on opportunities afforded to previous generations, ones as simple as climbing trees or getting their knees dirty.
In the moder ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n world, the adults of the future are displaying the symptoms of “nature deficit (缺少) disorder”. The term was made up by Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
In the introduction to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his book, he said that over the past few decades the way children understood and experienced nature had “changed greatly”. “Today, kids are aware of the global threats to the environment — but their physical contact, their intimacy (亲密) with nature, is fading. That's exactly the opposite of how it was when I was a child，” said Mr. Louv. He admitted that nature deficit disorder was “by no means a medical diagnosis”．
Tim Gill, author o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the report Sowing the Seeds: Reconnecting London's Children with Nature, agreed that the term does not have any meaningful clinical basis. “My idea is that regular contact with nature is part of a balanced diet of childhood experiences. If children do not have those experiences then they are not going to thrive to the same degree as if they did，” Tim Gill added. “They are also likely to grow up not caring about the world around them.”
“Forest schools” are a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) type of outdoor education in which children visit forests, learning social and living skills. They are intended to offer children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence through hands on learning in a woodland environment. They have appeared to have a beneficial effect on children with emotional or behavioural problems.
Play England ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is an organization that focuses on giving children access to free play areas. “We believe that kids should be outside playing for a good proportion of the day because it is how they can stay happy, less stressed and healthy，” said Play England director Cath Prisk.
However, she ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )added: “Research showed that parents think taking their kids to the park is something you do as a rare treat instead of something you do routinely.”
语篇解读：本文为说明文。研究发现现代生活方式 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )减少了儿童与大自然接触的机会，很多儿童患有“大自然缺失症”。“大自然缺失症”对孩子的身心发展会产生不良影响。
6．As a child, Richard Louv ________.
A．was fond of writing medical books
B．spent a lot of time playing in the open air
C．read a lot of books about nature
D．was curious about wildlife
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oday, kids are aware of the global threats ...it was when I was a child，”可以推断，Richard Louv小时候经常在户外玩耍。
7．When children with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nature deficit disorder grow up, they will probably ________.
A．suffer from a mental disease
B．be confident and independent
C．ignore the surrounding world
D．have bad social skills
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，患有“大自然缺失症”的孩子长大后很可能对周围的世界漠不关心。
8．What is a child not likely to learn in “forest schools”
A．Cooking. B．Putting up a tent.
C．Making friends. D．Writing.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知，在“森林学校”里学生学习社交及生活技能。A、B和C三项属于这两项技能，D项则不属于。
9．The underlined word ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “routinely” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “________”．
A．regularly B．properly
C．hardly D．casually
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据该句中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“instead of”可知，前后存在对比关系，根据“a rare treat”可推断，routinely是“常规地，日常地”之意，故选A。
Ⅲ.书面表达
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Some post 80s grad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uates have given up the dream of working in a big city, and heading back home has become part of future job consideration. Two of the more common ones are trying to avoid the intense competition and the pressure, and seeing unprecedented opportunities in the growing economies back home.
Changping, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )22 year old student from Hainan University, said that if he would decide on starting his business, he'd certainly return to his hometown, Xiangfan, in Hubei Province. That was because he has his own network of people who could help him in every way. Also, he could get some good business ideas like setting up advanced kindergartens in small cities. If no one was doing that, the chance of being successful seemed higher.
But Chen Haihua, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )college student from Guangzhou Medical College, said that she would plan to stick to a big city, Guangzhou, instead of going back to her hometown, Zhanjiang, in Guangdong Province. She wanted to struggle in the big city for a more exciting, better life. She explained that she also could be a role model, letting the kids in her hometown work hard to go to key universities.
[写作内容]
1．以约30个词概括该短文的内容；
2．然后以约120个词谈谈你对就业方向的看法，内容包括：
(1)试分析在大城市和回家乡就业各自的有利因素；
(2)如果你大学毕业了，你会选择在哪里就业；
(3)选择的理由。
[写作要求]
作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
参考范文：
Post 80s graduates ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld different views towards job choices. Some, like Changping, will head back home to avoid the competition and pressure in big cities, while others, like Chen Haihua, would prefer to stay in big cities to seek a better job.
Working in a big city ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is of course an exciting thing, which means better opportunities and more conveniences. It's easier to find a well paid job or a better platform to improve oneself. While in a small town, where there are not so many elites to compete with, one can easily avoid the pressure from fierce competition in big cities to live a rather cosy life.
As for me, a girl f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom a remote village, I would rather struggle in a big city like Shenzhen to make a living than go back to my hometown. Though hard, struggling itself may gain me enough experience of doing business.
Therefore, after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )graduation, I will choose a big city as the start of my career. Thanks to the intense competition, I can grow into an experienced and competitive person, which does good to my later development.
社会文化类
[精读语篇](2013·辽宁高考阅读理解D)
“Indeed，” George Was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning bug (萤火虫)．But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d be a small machine or object, for example, a bug shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”．Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations.Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”
[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟)
68．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C．the word bug was sti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D．both Englishme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
69．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Explanation. B．Finding.
C．Origin. D．Fault.
70．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.
A．the misunderstanding of the word bug
B．the development of the word bug
C．the public views of the word bug
D．the special characteristics of the word bug
[读文样板]
一、理清文章脉络
本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了bug一词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的不同含义及发展过程。它可以指一个对某种活动着迷的人，也可以指一种小型机器或物体，还可以指防盗设备以及窃听设备。如今，它可以指代电脑程序或其他设计中出现的缺陷，而在爱迪生时代，它指代发明中遇到的一些困难问题。
第一段：介绍bug一词的使用渊源。
第二至四段：介绍bug一词的词义演变。
二、破解阅读障碍
(一)怎样破解生僻词汇
1．bug shaped adj.虫形的
破解方法：利用合成构词法。bug(虫)＋shape (形状)＋ed(形容词后缀)＝bug shaped(虫形的)
2．overcome v．克服
破解方法：利用合成构词法。over(副词，越过)＋ come(动词，来)＝overcome(努力地越过各种障碍而来)克服
(二)怎样破解长难句
译文：但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。
译文：美语bug也可以指人，即指对某项特殊活动痴迷的人。
[解题样板]
68.从第一段我们可以得知________。 信息源 选项特征
A.美国人在学习使用bug一词上有困难 文中未提及 无中生有
B.George Washington是把昆虫称作bug的第一人 第一段第二句 颠倒是非
C.在19世纪bug一词在英语中仍然被普遍使用 第一段第四句 曲解文意
D.在18世纪英国人和美国人都使用bug一词 第一段第三句及第四句 合理推断
[分析] 选D 根据“When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century(当华盛顿写到此时，英国人已经把昆虫称作bug已经一个多世纪了)”。本段最后一句“But the English ...twentieth centuries.(但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。)”也告诉我们18世纪bug一词被英美两国人同时使用。
69.最后一段中的单词“flaw”的意思是什么？ 信息源 选项特征
A.解释。 文中未提及 无中生有
B.发现。 文中未提及 无中生有
C.起源；开端。 文中未提及 无中生有
D.故障；缺陷。 第四段第三句 合理推断
[分析] 选D 根据最后一段中的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as ‘little problems and difficulties’”(这个含义可追溯到爱迪生时代。在1878年，他把bug解释为“小的问题和麻烦”。)可以推断出，bug如今指代电脑程序或者其他设计中需要克服的缺陷、瑕疵，故D项正确。
70.这篇文章主要是关于________。 信息源 选项特征
A.对单词bug的误解 文中未提及 无中生有
B.单词bug的发展演变 第一段及二、三、四段的首句 综合概括
C.大众对bug一词的看法 文中未提及 无中生有
D.bug一词的特殊之处 文中未提及 无中生有
[分析] 选B 总结全文特别是第一段及二、三、四段的首句可知，文章主要围绕bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义来展开，故B项符合文章主旨。
第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足
(2013·辽宁高考)一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。
写作要点：1.它是中国的传统节日之一；2.家人团聚；3.赏月、吃月饼；4.还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中秋节：the Mid Aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umn Festival 农历：lunar calendar 赏月：enjoy the full moon 月饼：moon cake
The Mid Autumn Festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alThe Mid Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are (让步状语从句), we will try to come home for the celebration.The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month.What we love most (主语从句) is the time when we enjoy the full moon together.With the beautiful moon up in the sky (with的复合结构), we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories (现在分词短语作状语)．In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends. The Mid Autumn Fest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ivalThe Mid Autumn festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.As_we_all_know (众所周知。使用非限制性定语从句), there are a variety of traditional festivals in China, including Mid Autumn festival.Chinese peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e attach great importance to Mid Autumn festival.It involves several kinds of celebrations.For example, no_matter_where_they_are (无论他们在哪儿。使用让步状语从句), the family members will go home to get together to spend this unusual day.In the evening, they will enjoy the full moon while_eating_delicious_moon_cakes (他们在吃美味的月饼时。使用状语从句的省略句式)．Besides, it is also a custom for the Chinese people to travel and visit friends on this day.In a word, Mid Autumn festival is of great importance to the Chinese people because it makes them not_only_relax_but_also_realize_the_significance_of_family_reunion (不但得到放松而且认识到家庭团聚的意义。使用not only ...but also ...句式).
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．China's best se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lling (畅销的) tablet computer iPad saw its shipments to the country between April and June.
2．It is vital (重要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的) that we should be kept informed of all developments.
3．He said that they ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eded to identify actual and potential (潜在的) problems.
4．When the bl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood pressure is abnormal (不正常的), many physicians repeat the measurement.
5．In order t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o catch up with and surpass the advanced world levels we'll have to accelerate (加快) our speed.
6．These precise ins ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )truments have already gone into mass (大规模的) production.
7．Tiredness is one of the most common symptoms (症状) of stress.
8．We were perfectly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) satisfied with the outcome (结果) of the experiment.
9．I knew very wel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l that the problem was more complex (复杂的) than he supposed.
10．These theories ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e used to confirm the relationship between the phenomena (现象) of the universe.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Sunshine, fresh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )air, and rest often accelerate a person's recovery from sickness (sick)．
2．It is not how muc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits (beneficial) our work most.
3．She said that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the ring was one of her most treasured possessions (possess)．
4．Blood must circul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate (circulation) properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need.
5．The application (ap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ply) must be made within twenty four hours, or it will not be attended to.
6．The governme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt has already adopted effective (effect) measures against piracy.
7．Yet political new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s was often related (relate) to economic and social problems.
8．You must take all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) reasonable (reason) measures to protect yourself and your family.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．The drug is so add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ictive that he is addicted to it. Therefore, it's hard for him to get rid of the addiction to it.(addicted)
2．We arranged the perf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ormance for the foreign guests after the meeting and they were satisfied with the arrangement.(arrange)
3．The astonishing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )news that he refused to accept our help we offered made us astonished. Much to our astonishment,_he was angry at our offer.(astonish)
1．Save your change, and we're ready to try it out (试验)．
2．Look_out_for (留心) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) burglars. If you see anything suspicious, call the police immediately.
3．The doctor worked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on for eighteen hours without rest, which wore_him_out (使他筋疲力尽)．
4．Her arm was beginning to swell_up (肿胀) where the bee had stung her.
5．This newspaper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has long subscribed wholeheartedly to (赞同) the idea of the current medical idea.
6．Attention was fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cused_on (集中) what was needed to obtain the required answer.
7．He was picked_out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (挑出) from the whole class to represent them to give a speech at the other school.
8．The competit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion encouraged young people to carry_out (实施) their bright ideas.
9．Like the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars in the sky, a superstar may fade_away (消失) as the years go by.
10．We are all in_favo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur_of (支持) any measure which will lead to closer cooperation in your company.
【短语归纳】
1．focus on 集中于
2．carry out 执行，实施
3．pick out 挑选，挑出
4．look out for 当心；留心，寻觅
5．try out 测试，试验；参加选拔
6．wear sb. out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
7．be cautious about 对……小心谨慎
8．let out 放出，发出
9．swell up 肿胀，膨胀
10．subscribe to 同意，赞成
11．fade away 逐渐消失
12．in favour of 支持；赞同
1．Have you ever seen a doctor If so, what happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
[解读] if so“如果是这样的话”，属于省略结构。
[仿写] 那帽子是六号的吗？如果是，对我正合适。
Is that a size 6 hat If_so,_it will do me.
2．If you open up any m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )edicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.
倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一家药店的柜台，都很有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。
[解读] 句中it is likely that ...为固定句型，意为“很可能……”。
[仿写] 他们小组很可能会赶到我们的前面。
It_is_likely_that their group will get ahead of us.
3．Some acupuncturists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.
一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。
[解读] 本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。
[仿写] 我爱喝清咖啡，而他喜欢加奶油的。
I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．possess vt.拥有，具有
[教材原句] Nearly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.
将近3 500年以前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。
①He alone is poor who does not possess knowledge.
没有知识，才是贫穷。
possession n． [C，常用复数]所有物；财产[U]具有；拥有
take possession of 占有，拥有；占领
in possession of sth. 占有(或拥有)某物
in the possession of sb. 为某人所有
②Up on the mount ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain, my most valuable possessions were my relationships with my neighbors.(2013·江苏高考完形)
在山上，我最宝贵的财富是我和我的邻居的关系。
③You can't take_posse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssion_of the house until all the papers are signed.
不到所有证件签好字，你不能占有这所房子。
④Technical progress ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) would put our firm in_possession_of the home market.
技术的进步将使我们公司占领国内市场。
[名师指津] in possess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion of 表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession of 表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“……被占有”。
2．vital adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的
[高考佳句] Through t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to pick up the material fast with every last bit of concentration.(2012·北京高考完形)
通过每周六天严格的舞蹈排练，我发现全神贯注地快速学会每一个动作是很重要的。
be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
It is vital that ... ……是极重要的
①Enough sleep is vital for the students' well being and health.
充足的睡眠对学生的身心健康是非常重要的。
[名师指津] 在句型“It is vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tal that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
②It is vital that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you (should)_keep_good_relationship_with neighbouring countries.
保持睦邻友好关系是十分重要的。
[链接高考]
(2012·安徽高考)Interes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.
A．vital B．available
C．specific D．similar
解析：选A 句意：对于学习来说，兴趣同 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。根据句意可知，应用vital。be vital to ...意为“对……极其重要”。
3．astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊
[教材原句] It as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.
令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。
(1)It astonishes sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人感到惊讶
It astonishes sb.that ... 令某人感到吃惊的是……
What astonishes sb.is ... 使某人吃惊的是……
(2)astonished adj. 吃惊的(多修饰人)
be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do ... 做……感到惊讶
(3)astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的(多修饰物)
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊
to one's astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是
in astonishment 惊讶地
①Podell was astonished at the strong response.(2013·湖南高考阅读简答)
伯德尔对这个强烈的反应感到很惊讶。
②What_astonished_me was that he made such rapid progress.
使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。
③Here is an aston ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.(2013·辽宁高考阅读C)
这是一个惊人的、重要的事实：单就脑力工作不会使我们疲惫。
[一言串记] To my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) astonishment, they seemed astonished at the astonishing news, and looked at me in astonishment.
令我吃惊的是，他们听到这个令人惊讶的消息时似乎大吃一惊，并惊讶地望着我。
4．addicted adj.上瘾；入迷
[教材原句] Some peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e have also used acupuncture to treat smokers, alcoholics and people who are addicted to drugs.
有些人也用针刺疗法来治疗吸烟者、酗酒者以及对毒品上瘾的人。
(1)be/get/become addicted to ... 对……上瘾
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 入迷的人；有瘾的人
addict oneself to 沉溺于……；醉心于……
(3)addiction n. 上瘾；沉溺；入迷
(4)addictiveadj. 使人上瘾的
①Whatever you do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. (2013·广东高考阅读B)
无论你做什么，如果你想做得很好，在很长一段时间内，你需要日复一日的工作，几乎到痴迷的地步。
②Teenagers who ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dict themselves_to_the_Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。
[名师指津] 与addicted/addiction连用的to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
5．relate vt.& vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述
[教材原句] Anothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.
另一种理论则将针灸和人体内减少疼痛的化学物质的生成联系起来。
(1)relate ... to/with ... 把……与……联系起来
relate sth.to sb. 向某人讲述……
relate to ... 涉及，与……相关
(2)related adj. 有关系的，相关的；亲戚的
be related to 与……有关/联系/血缘关系
①The third rela ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tes to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
第三涉及所有的部门工作标准的建立。
②Also, the researchers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.(2013·湖北高考阅读E)
而且，研究者说，收入越高残疾的风险会越大。
二、间考词汇自识记
1．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
be beneficial to 对……有益
2．approval n．批准，通过；赞成，同意
①meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人的赞成
②with/earn sb.'s approval 得到某人的赞许
Do the plans meet with your approval
这些计划你赞成吗？
[单词对点集训]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·皖北协作区联考)—I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the young woman standing there ________ the company
—No. It is ________ her uncle.
A．in the possession of; in possession of
B．in possession of; in the possession of
C．in possession of; in possession of
D．in the possession of; in the possession of
解析：选B 句意：“站在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那里的那位年轻女士拥有这家公司吗？”“不是，这家公司为她叔叔所拥有。”in possession of sth.“拥有某物”，主语通常是人；in the possession of sb.“为某人所拥有”，主语通常是物。由句意可知答案为B。
2．(2014·江南十校 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )联考)Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensibility, which is ________ to an artist.
A．absolute B．urgent
C．special D．vital
解析：选D 句意：用静止的形象作画会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导致敏感性的丧失，这对一个艺术家来说至关重要。vital“对……极其重要的”，符合句意。absolute“绝对的”；urgent“紧急的”；special“特殊的”。
3．(2014·淮阴中学高三模拟)Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Johnson gave us a report last night, which________ what he did to what he said.
A．related B．joined
C．agreed D．satisfied
解析：选A relate ...to ...“将……与……联系起来”，符合语境。join ... with ...“把……与……连接起来”；agree“同意”；satisfy“使满意”。
4．(2014·南师大附中模拟)We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )need parental ________ before allowing students to go on field trips.
A．enjoyment B．acceptation
C．certification D．approval
解析：选D 句意：在允许学生实地考察之前，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们需要得到父母的同意。approval“同意，赞成”，符合句意。enjoyment“乐趣”；acceptation“接受”；certification“证明”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
astonish多棱镜
1．用astonish的适当形式填空
①She was astonished at her sister's courage.
②It is astonishing that he should have done that work so early.
③To my astonishment,_it was dark when I woke up.
④“For someone t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said.(2012·福建高考阅读A)
2．(2014·新沂二中模拟)Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ________ expression on his face suggested that he was ________ at the extraordinary beauty of the picture.
A．astonished; astonished
B．astonishing; astonished
C．astonished; astonishing
D．astonishing; astonishing
解析：选A 句意：他脸上惊讶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的表情表明这幅画异乎寻常的美使他感到十分惊讶。astonished“吃惊的，惊愕的”，常用来说明人的感受；astonishing“令人吃惊的”，常用来修饰物，说明事物的性质。
addicted点点练
1．用addicted的适当形式填空
①It is said that some singers have addiction to drugs.
②I didn't know he was a drug addict.
③A textaholic can be d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages.
2．根据英汉提示完成小片段
李明是一个游戏迷，他父母一直试图让他不要沉迷于让人上瘾的电脑游戏。
Li Ming is a game add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ict,_and his parents have been trying to prevent him from being_addicted_to computer games which are very addictive.
3．(2014·黄山七校联考)________to drugs, he seldom calls his parents except when he asks them for money.
A．Being addicted B．Addicted
C．Addicting D．Having addicted
解析：选B 句意：由于他吸毒上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瘾，常常是向父母要钱时才给他们打电话。be addicted to“对……上瘾”，故此处用过去分词形式作状语。
1．try out 测试，试验；参加选拔
[教材原句] Fleming tried t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.
弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。
①Scientists t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ried out thousands of chemicals before they found the right one.
科学家们试验了数千种的化学药品才找到一种合适的。
try out for 参加……选拔(或试演)
try for 试图获得，力争赢得
try on 试穿
②Players have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to try_out_for the team and be approved by a majority of players.
他们入队当运动员要经过选拔并取得多数运动员的同意。
③Can I try on this shirt in a bigger size
我能试穿比这件衣服大一点的尺寸吗？
2．let out 放出，释放；发出(声音)；放大(衣服)；泄露
[高考佳句] They let ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.(2012·四川高考)
他们释放出星球上几乎所有生物体所需的氧气。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中let out的含义
①People let out thun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derous cheers when Tiangong 1 successfully blasted off.发出
②The waist in the pants needs to be let out.放大
③Who let out the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exam results They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow.泄露
④If he was given ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )five years' imprisonment, he could be let out after three years.释放
let go 放开；释放
let down 使失望；放下
let alone 更不用说；更别提；不打扰
⑤When someone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.(2013·辽宁高考)
当有人深深伤害了你时，你会很难摆脱仇恨。
3．subscribe to 同意，赞成；订阅；捐赠
[教材原句] A lot of people now subscribe to these theories.
现在有很多人认同这些理论。
①If you subscribe to the newspaper, it'll be delivered to your door.
如果你订阅报纸，会送货上门。
②Rich and genero ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us, he subscribed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
由于有钱又慷慨，他给红十字会捐了两百万美元。
[一言串记] We applied ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work. The department manager subscribed to it and subscribed her name to the application form.
我们申请订阅几本对我们的工作有益的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求，并在申请表上签上了她的名字。
[联想归纳] 表示“同意，赞成”的短语还有：
①be for ②submit to
③agree to/with ④approve of
⑤in favour of
[短语对点集训]
Ⅰ.选词填空
(be cautious about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， focus on， try out， pick out， carry out， subscribe to， open up， let out
1．She made me promise not to let_out where it was hidden.
2．The school library usually subscribes_to many kinds of magazines.
3．All the importa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt sentences in the article were picked_out in red lines.
4．They opened_up l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arge areas of wasteland and turned them into farmland.
5．The talks will focus_on economic development of the region.
6．All these exper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iments are carried_out with practical rather than scientific aims in view.
7．The method seems good but it needs to be tried_out.
8．Doctors ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e_cautious_about this new treatment, which is understandable.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·河北五校高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三联考)John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ________all his trousers to his measure.
A．let out B．give away
C．bring in D．make up
解析：选A 句意：John最近长胖了这么多，所以他母亲不得不按照他的尺寸把他的裤子加肥。let out在本题中意为“加肥”，符合题意。
2．(2014·安徽名校联考)—What attracted you to our university
—You have a great basketball team and I can ________ for it.
A．work out B．look out
C．try out D．carry out
解析：选C 句意：“是什么吸引你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到我们的大学？”“你们这里有一支很好的篮球队，我可以参加这支队伍的选拔赛。”work out“解出，算出”，carry out“执行”，以上两项均不能与介词for构成固定短语；look out for“小心”；try out for“参加……选拔(或试演)”。
3．(2014·江苏苏州中学月考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—Do you ________ her optimistic view of the state of the current economy
—Yes. We should have faith in our government.
A．subscribe to B．contribute to
C．correspond to D．cater to
解析：选A 问句句意：你赞成她对现在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的经济形势所持的乐观观点吗？subscribe to“赞成”，符合句意。contribute to“促进”；correspond to“与……一致”；cater to“迎合，满足……的需要”。
1．Have you ever seen a doctor If_so,_what happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
if so是省略结构，意为“如果这样的话”。
常见的含if的省略结构还有：
if necessary 如有必要
if possible 如有可能
if not 如果不是这样的话
if any 如果真有的话
if ever 若曾经有的话
①If not, in a few ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years' time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.(2013·江西高考阅读D)
如果不是这样的话，几年以后恰恰是现在吸引游客的东西可能已经完全被破坏了。
②Our plans are quite flexible, so we can change them if_necessary.
我们的计划很灵活，如有必要可以变动。
2．Some acupuncturis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.
一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。
本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。while还有以下用法：
(1)while 引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”。
(2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
(3)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
①Some people are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.(2013·广东高考阅读B)
一些人出生在富贵家庭，而另一些人天生智力好，生活就是这样。
②Twenty five ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. (2013·陕西高考)
25年后，2003年的一天，当我正开车去一个附近的城镇时，我看到一位老人在炎热酷暑下站着等搭便车。
③There will be life while there is water and air.
只要有水和空气的地方就会有生命。
[句型对点集训]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．她在吗？如果不在， 我可以跟她姐姐说话吗？
Is she in If_not,_could I speak to her sister
2．我想他很可能明天到达。
I think it_is_likely_that he will arrive tomorrow.
3．这些是物理变化而那些是化学变化。
These are physical changes while those are chemical changes.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·安庆一中高三调研)He ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is ready to help others, seldom, ________refusing them when they turn to him.
A．if never B．if ever
C．if not D．if any
解析：选B 句意：他乐于助人，别人向他求助时他几乎从不拒绝。if ever意为“曾有的话”，是if there is ever的省略。
2．(2014·南京高三巩固性训 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )练)Steve was busy clearing the cups and dishes from the table ________ others were playing.
A．until B．if
C．since D．while
解析：选D 根据句意可知，空处前后表达的是两个同时发生的动作，强调对比，表示“而”，所以用while。
3．(2014·安徽大江中学模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))________ good looks are impressive, they hardly make someone a lasting star.
A．Once B．Unless
C．Since D．While
解析：选D 句意：虽然好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的外貌令人印象深刻，但是它也不能让一个明星长久出名。根据句意可知，这里while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
连系动词
1．(2014·石家庄高三一模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Although it________ a little bitter, this medicine will be good for curing the disease.
A．is tasted B．tasted
C．is tasting D．tastes
解析：选D 句意：尽管尝起来有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )点苦，但这种药对治疗这种病有好处。根据空后的“bitter”一词可知，taste是系动词，不用被动语态，也不用进行时，故可排除A、C两项；由主句的时态可知应选D。
2．(2011·重庆高考)Look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at the pride on Tom's face.He ______to have been praised by the manager just now.
A．seemed B．seems
C．had seemed D．is seeming
解析：选B 句意：看汤姆脸上骄傲的神情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，他似乎刚才被经理表扬了。 根据第一句中的内容可知叙述的是现在的情况，此处seem表示“似乎；看起来”，是系动词，不用于进行时， 因此排除D项，选B。
3．(2014·江苏大丰模拟)D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o you think that bridge ________ 2,000 meters long It doesn't appear ________ long.
A．measures; that B．is measured; so
C．is measured; such D．measures; much
解析：选A measure表示“有多长 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(宽、高、深)”时为系动词，所以用主动语态。that在此处相当于副词so，而much不能修饰形容词原级，故选A。
4．(2014·黄山七校联考)All t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he students looked ________ at the broken model ship and felt quite ________.
A．sad; sad B．sadly; sadly
C．sad; sadly D．sadly; sad
解析：选D 考生很容易误选A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，认为look和feel均为连系动词，所以其后应接形容词作表语。其实，第一空前的“looked”并不是连系动词，而是实义动词，故应用副词sadly修饰。第二空前的“felt”为系动词，应用形容词sad与其构成系表结构，故选D。
5．(2014·六安模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))During the long term cooperation, Mr.Li ________ a smart, honest and trust worthy man.
A．appears B．makes
C．turns D．proves
解析：选D 句意：在长期合作中，李先生被 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )证明是一个精明、诚实且值得信赖的人。prove“证明是”；appear“好像”；make“使”；turn“变成”。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·皖北协作区高三联考)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he matter ________ people's health surely requires ________ carefully.
A．related to; dealing with
B．relating to; dealt with
C．related to; being dealt with
D．relating to; having dealt with
解析：选A 句意：与人们健康有关的问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )确实需要认真处理。第一空表示“与……相关的”，应该用related to作matter的后置定语，表示被动；require后面需要跟动名词主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。故根据句意和结构可知应选A。
2.(2014·常州高三模拟)— ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Is there any possibility of the film ________ in Paris International Festival
—Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.
A．trying out B．tried out
C．to try out D．being tried out
解析：选D 句意：“这部电 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )影有可能入围巴黎国际艺术节吗？”“一点都不可能，因为观众对此电影评价很低。”解答该题的关键是要正确理解介词后动名词的主动式与被动式的选用以及动名词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。选项在句中作介词of的宾语，应使用动名词形式，根据句意可知，介词of后的名词the film为try out的逻辑主语，且两者之间为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动结构。
3．(2014·常德高三检测)He ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was ________ to hear that he had lost the job, and the news was too ________ to him.
A．astonished; astonished B．astonishing; astonishing
C．astonished; astonishing D．astonishing; astonished
解析：选C astonished“感到惊讶的”，作表语时，其主语通常是人；astonishing“令人惊讶的”，常用来描述事物。
4．(2014·南京四校联考)—Do you ________ the idea of living a low carbon life
—It sounds tough, but it is a tendency.
A．correspond to B．apply to
C．cater to D．subscribe to
解析：选D 句意：“你同意过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )低碳生活的观点吗？”“听起来很难，但这是一种趋势。”subscribe to“同意”，符合句意。correspond to“与……一致”；apply to“适合”；cater to“迎合”。
5．(2014·南京金陵中学模拟)So ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me students, who are addicted________ the computer games, do not go to school at all.
A．to play B．playing
C．to playing D．play
解析：选C be addicted to“对……上瘾”，其中to为介词，后跟名词或动名词作宾语，故选C。
6．(2011·湖北高考)An unhap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )py childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character; however, they are not always______.
A．practical B．avoidable
C．permanent D．beneficial
解析： 选C 句意：不幸 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的童年可能对人的性格有些负面影响， 但是这些影响不总是永久的。 practical “切合实际的”；avoidable“可避免的”；permanent“永久的”；beneficial“有利的”。
7．(2014·枣庄三中阶段测试)—I'm really angry at Tom. He never listens to me.
—________， Ellen. Things will work out.
A．Don't mention it B．I don't think so
C．Take it easy D．No problem
解析：选C 句意：“我真的生汤姆的气。他从不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )听我的话。”“别急，Ellen。事情会好转的。”take it easy“放松，别烦恼，不要生气”。
8．(2014·合肥八中高三模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)Take medicine as directed by the doctor; besides, you should also keep in mind that sunshine, fresh air, and rest often________ a person's recovery from sickness.
A．accelerate B．approve
C．accomplish D．accumulate
解析：选A 句意：按医生说明吃药，此外， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你也应牢记阳光、新鲜空气和休息常常会使一个人早日康复。accelerate“加速”，符合句意。approve“赞成”；accomplish“完成”；accumulate“积累”。
9．(2014·河北高三教学质量 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )检测)________ I couldn't fully understand what he wanted to show in his paintings, I thought his works were quite impressive.
A．As B．Since
C．If D．While
解析：选D 句意：尽管我不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能充分理解在他的画里他想要展现什么，但我觉得他的作品给人的印象很深刻。while在此处表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
10．(2014·连云港高三检测)—Have you been to the Great Wall
—Perhaps not in my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) memory.________， it might have been during my early childhood.
A．If any B．If ever
C．If not D．If possible
解析：选B If ever是“If I ever have been to the Great Wall”的省略。
11．(2014·石家庄一中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中测试)Today we have too many choices of communication through advanced technology, but we seem ________ the joy of communicating face to face.
A．losing B．to have lost
C．to be lost D．having lost
解析：选B 句意：今天，我们有太多通过先进 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的技术进行沟通交流的选择，但我们似乎已经失去了面对面沟通的乐趣。系动词seem后应接动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，we与lose是逻辑上的主动关系，故选B。
12．(2014·盐城高三模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)Kate is a woman who________ a rare intelligence and she is sure to do the work well.
A．possess B．possesses
C．is possessed D．possessed
解析：选B 句意：凯特是个具有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )非凡才智的女人，她一定会做好这份工作。根据两个并列分句的时态可知，空格处应用一般现在时，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。故选B。
13．(2014·庐江二中模拟)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is vital that schools________ students to use computer technology.
A．should be taught B．must teach
C．teach D．are taught
解析：选C 句意：学校应该教会学生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使用计算机技术，这是至关重要的。在“It is vital that ...”句型中，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。teach后的students是其宾语，不能用被动语态。
14．(2014·南京四校联考)—Did you have a good night's sleep, sir
—Oh, exactly. It was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )such a comfortable bed. I could never have________ sleep.
A．a good B．the best
C．a better D．a best
解析：选C 从语意看，说话人表示“从来没有睡得这样好”，“a(n)＋形容词的比较级＋名词”用在否定句中表示最高级的含义。
15．________ annoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s me a great deal to hear people blaming everything. Why can't they just be a little more positive
A．What B．It
C．That D．As
解析：选B 句意：听到别人每件事情都抱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )怨，我很烦。为什么他们不能够更积极一点儿呢？it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是“to hear people blaming everything”，故选B。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·宿迁高三模拟)Rae ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard, they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional well being — and it's no surprise to health care professionals.
“Rest, relaxation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), and stress reduction are very important for people's well being and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing, so a rested, relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.
Psychologists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one's mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation, even if it is a 24 hour time out.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.
The online travel agen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cy Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days — but only used 14 of them.France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans' responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that's not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.
Psychologists have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also found that people who don't take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this, the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to shift into less stressed states，” Mulhern said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。
1．How did the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By making comparisons. B．By giving an example.
C．By raising questions. D．By providing data.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。
2．According to Natasha Withers, vacations can ________.
A．weaken reaction system
B．cure serious diseases
C．reduce the level of well being
D．decrease the risk of heart disease
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people's well being and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。故选D。
3．Expedia's survey shows that Americans ________.
A．dislike family gatherings
B．have the shortest vacation
C．enjoy as many vacations as the French
D．think much of spending long hours on the job
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二段最后一句中的“Americans' responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。故选D。
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．One should never wait to relax.
B．Work and rest go against each other.
C．Time and opportunity wait for no man.
D．A relaxed mind determines everything.
解析：选A 推理判断题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知选A项“我们要及时休息”。
5．What is mainly talked about in the text
A．Ways to relax in one's free time.
B．The benefits of taking time off.
C．Different opinions on holidays.
D．The Hostetlers always on the go.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。故选B。
B
(2014·安徽省三所示范性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高中高三教学质量检查)Modern living is resulting in more people becoming disconnected from the natural world, at the expense of our health and well being.
Most concern ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is centred around children, who are missing out on opportunities afforded to previous generations, ones as simple as climbing trees or getting their knees dirty.
In the moder ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n world, the adults of the future are displaying the symptoms of “nature deficit (缺少) disorder”. The term was made up by Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
In the introduction to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his book, he said that over the past few decades the way children understood and experienced nature had “changed greatly”. “Today, kids are aware of the global threats to the environment — but their physical contact, their intimacy (亲密) with nature, is fading. That's exactly the opposite of how it was when I was a child，” said Mr. Louv. He admitted that nature deficit disorder was “by no means a medical diagnosis”．
Tim Gill, author o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the report Sowing the Seeds: Reconnecting London's Children with Nature, agreed that the term does not have any meaningful clinical basis. “My idea is that regular contact with nature is part of a balanced diet of childhood experiences. If children do not have those experiences then they are not going to thrive to the same degree as if they did，” Tim Gill added. “They are also likely to grow up not caring about the world around them.”
“Forest schools” are a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) type of outdoor education in which children visit forests, learning social and living skills. They are intended to offer children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence through hands on learning in a woodland environment. They have appeared to have a beneficial effect on children with emotional or behavioural problems.
Play England ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is an organization that focuses on giving children access to free play areas. “We believe that kids should be outside playing for a good proportion of the day because it is how they can stay happy, less stressed and healthy，” said Play England director Cath Prisk.
However, she ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )added: “Research showed that parents think taking their kids to the park is something you do as a rare treat instead of something you do routinely.”
语篇解读：本文为说明文。研究发现现代生活方式 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )减少了儿童与大自然接触的机会，很多儿童患有“大自然缺失症”。“大自然缺失症”对孩子的身心发展会产生不良影响。
6．As a child, Richard Louv ________.
A．was fond of writing medical books
B．spent a lot of time playing in the open air
C．read a lot of books about nature
D．was curious about wildlife
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oday, kids are aware of the global threats ...it was when I was a child，”可以推断，Richard Louv小时候经常在户外玩耍。
7．When children with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nature deficit disorder grow up, they will probably ________.
A．suffer from a mental disease
B．be confident and independent
C．ignore the surrounding world
D．have bad social skills
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，患有“大自然缺失症”的孩子长大后很可能对周围的世界漠不关心。
8．What is a child not likely to learn in “forest schools”
A．Cooking. B．Putting up a tent.
C．Making friends. D．Writing.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知，在“森林学校”里学生学习社交及生活技能。A、B和C三项属于这两项技能，D项则不属于。
9．The underlined word ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “routinely” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “________”．
A．regularly B．properly
C．hardly D．casually
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据该句中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“instead of”可知，前后存在对比关系，根据“a rare treat”可推断，routinely是“常规地，日常地”之意，故选A。
Ⅲ.书面表达
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Some post 80s grad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uates have given up the dream of working in a big city, and heading back home has become part of future job consideration. Two of the more common ones are trying to avoid the intense competition and the pressure, and seeing unprecedented opportunities in the growing economies back home.
Changping, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )22 year old student from Hainan University, said that if he would decide on starting his business, he'd certainly return to his hometown, Xiangfan, in Hubei Province. That was because he has his own network of people who could help him in every way. Also, he could get some good business ideas like setting up advanced kindergartens in small cities. If no one was doing that, the chance of being successful seemed higher.
But Chen Haihua, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )college student from Guangzhou Medical College, said that she would plan to stick to a big city, Guangzhou, instead of going back to her hometown, Zhanjiang, in Guangdong Province. She wanted to struggle in the big city for a more exciting, better life. She explained that she also could be a role model, letting the kids in her hometown work hard to go to key universities.
[写作内容]
1．以约30个词概括该短文的内容；
2．然后以约120个词谈谈你对就业方向的看法，内容包括：
(1)试分析在大城市和回家乡就业各自的有利因素；
(2)如果你大学毕业了，你会选择在哪里就业；
(3)选择的理由。
[写作要求]
作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
参考范文：
Post 80s graduates ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld different views towards job choices. Some, like Changping, will head back home to avoid the competition and pressure in big cities, while others, like Chen Haihua, would prefer to stay in big cities to seek a better job.
Working in a big city ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is of course an exciting thing, which means better opportunities and more conveniences. It's easier to find a well paid job or a better platform to improve oneself. While in a small town, where there are not so many elites to compete with, one can easily avoid the pressure from fierce competition in big cities to live a rather cosy life.
As for me, a girl f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom a remote village, I would rather struggle in a big city like Shenzhen to make a living than go back to my hometown. Though hard, struggling itself may gain me enough experience of doing business.
Therefore, after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )graduation, I will choose a big city as the start of my career. Thanks to the intense competition, I can grow into an experienced and competitive person, which does good to my later development.
社会文化类
[精读语篇](2013·辽宁高考阅读理解D)
“Indeed，” George Was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning bug (萤火虫)．But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d be a small machine or object, for example, a bug shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”．Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations.Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”
[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟)
68．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C．the word bug was sti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D．both Englishme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
69．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Explanation. B．Finding.
C．Origin. D．Fault.
70．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.
A．the misunderstanding of the word bug
B．the development of the word bug
C．the public views of the word bug
D．the special characteristics of the word bug
[读文样板]
一、理清文章脉络
本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了bug一词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的不同含义及发展过程。它可以指一个对某种活动着迷的人，也可以指一种小型机器或物体，还可以指防盗设备以及窃听设备。如今，它可以指代电脑程序或其他设计中出现的缺陷，而在爱迪生时代，它指代发明中遇到的一些困难问题。
第一段：介绍bug一词的使用渊源。
第二至四段：介绍bug一词的词义演变。
二、破解阅读障碍
(一)怎样破解生僻词汇
1．bug shaped adj.虫形的
破解方法：利用合成构词法。bug(虫)＋shape (形状)＋ed(形容词后缀)＝bug shaped(虫形的)
2．overcome v．克服
破解方法：利用合成构词法。over(副词，越过)＋ come(动词，来)＝overcome(努力地越过各种障碍而来)克服
(二)怎样破解长难句
译文：但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。
译文：美语bug也可以指人，即指对某项特殊活动痴迷的人。
[解题样板]
68.从第一段我们可以得知________。 信息源 选项特征
A.美国人在学习使用bug一词上有困难 文中未提及 无中生有
B.George Washington是把昆虫称作bug的第一人 第一段第二句 颠倒是非
C.在19世纪bug一词在英语中仍然被普遍使用 第一段第四句 曲解文意
D.在18世纪英国人和美国人都使用bug一词 第一段第三句及第四句 合理推断
[分析] 选D 根据“When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century(当华盛顿写到此时，英国人已经把昆虫称作bug已经一个多世纪了)”。本段最后一句“But the English ...twentieth centuries.(但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。)”也告诉我们18世纪bug一词被英美两国人同时使用。
69.最后一段中的单词“flaw”的意思是什么？ 信息源 选项特征
A.解释。 文中未提及 无中生有
B.发现。 文中未提及 无中生有
C.起源；开端。 文中未提及 无中生有
D.故障；缺陷。 第四段第三句 合理推断
[分析] 选D 根据最后一段中的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as ‘little problems and difficulties’”(这个含义可追溯到爱迪生时代。在1878年，他把bug解释为“小的问题和麻烦”。)可以推断出，bug如今指代电脑程序或者其他设计中需要克服的缺陷、瑕疵，故D项正确。
70.这篇文章主要是关于________。 信息源 选项特征
A.对单词bug的误解 文中未提及 无中生有
B.单词bug的发展演变 第一段及二、三、四段的首句 综合概括
C.大众对bug一词的看法 文中未提及 无中生有
D.bug一词的特殊之处 文中未提及 无中生有
[分析] 选B 总结全文特别是第一段及二、三、四段的首句可知，文章主要围绕bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义来展开，故B项符合文章主旨。
同课章节目录