2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：选修七Unit 3　The world online（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释）

Unit 3　The world online
　第一层级——背词汇、学写句，让作文有话可说
一、背词汇
[常用词汇]
(1)journey n．　　　 旅行
(2)schedule n. 日程；时刻表
(3)scenery n. 风景
(4)transport n. 交通
(5)jam n. 拥挤
(6)pack v. 包装
(7)obey v. 服从
(8)book v. 预订
(9)board v. 登上(船、飞机等)
(10)behave v．　　　　　 行为
(11)mind v. 介意
(12)serious adj. 严重的
(13)crowded adj. 拥挤的
(14)convenient adj. 方便的
(15)abroad adv. 在国外
(16)including prep. 包括
[亮点词汇]
(1)accommodation n. 住所，住宿
(2)manage v．　　　　　 设法
(3)relieve v. 缓解
(4)regard v. 认为
(5)well educated adj. 受过良好教育的
(6)if necessary 如果必要的话
(7)appeal to 呼吁
(8)keep ...in mind 记住
(9)an increasing number of 越来越多的
(10)see off 送行
二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)
我们想方设法收集了一些有用信息，这包括列车时刻表和旅馆。 越来越多的私家车可能引发交通堵塞和汽车事故。
I managed to collect some useful information which includes the train schedule and hotels. 使用介词短语改写句子 More and more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) private cars may cause traffic jams and car accidents.
I managed to collect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some useful information，including the train schedule and hotels. 　An_increasing_number ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_of private cars may cause traffic jams and car accidents.
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．I've heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )from a reliable source (信息源) that company is running very well.
2．The general issue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d a command (命令) that all of them should come at six o'clock.
3．She claimed (宣称 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) that nuclear power was the most environmentally safe form of energy.
4．Mrs Smith was a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccused of knowingly making a false (虚假的) statement to the police.
5．Zhao Huimin, directo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r of Beijing Foreign Affairs Office, made the remarks at a news conference (会议) in Indonesia on Wednesday.
6．We should make decisions according to specific (具体的)conditions.
7．All relevan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t (相关的) departments shall provide support and assistance to the joint venture.
8．What bothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )red (打扰) me even more were all the times she was always telling lies.
9．He has only been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )able to trace out the outline (概要) of the plan, without any details.
10．I'd like to with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )draw (提取) 1,000 dollars from my savings account and put it in my cheque account.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance (abundant) on the island.
2．The project was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) predicated on the assumption (assume) that the economy was expanding.
3．What she has just ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )said isn't in correspondence (correspond) with the views of the majority.
4．The library cont ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ains a large number of foreign language reference (refer) books.
5．The truck was fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd abandoned (abandon) by the side of a windswept rural road late the next day.
6．A true apolog ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is more than just an acknowledgement (acknowledge) of a mistake.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．Previous experien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce is an essential qualification for the job. We welcome applications from suitably qualified individuals.(qualify)
2．If you have made an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) appointment with a customer, you will be there at the time which was appointed for the meeting.(appoint)
3．The educator ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) educated two thousand students in his lifetime, many of whom received further education.(educate)
1．He was running fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r class president, but dropped_out (退出) when he knew he couldn't win.
2．The police and th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e volunteers combed the forest for (仔细搜寻) the lost puma from the zoo.
3．My son gave me a_b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unch_of (一束) beautiful flowers and a beautiful sweater last Mother's Day.
4．Do not hesitate to turn_to (向……求助) us if you are in difficulty.
5．We told him that our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) services were completely at_his_command (受他支配)．
6．He learns easily ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and what_is_more (而且), he remembers what he has learnt.
7．Time goes by quietly and the past doesn't belong_to (属于) us.
8．People usually ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t mooncakes which stand_for (代表) a happy reunion on Mid Autumn Day.
9．What you have told ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) me may make_a_difference (有影响) to my own position.
10．I would very m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch appreciate it if you could take our suggestion into_consideration (把……考虑在内)．
【短语归纳】
1．turn to　　　　　　　　　　 向……求助
2．at someone's command 受某人支配
3．what is more 更有甚者
4．drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
5．a bunch of 一串，一束
6．comb (through) sth.(for) 仔细搜寻
7．keep ...in mind 牢记
8．take ...into consideration 把……考虑在内
9．belong to 属于
10．set a good example to sb. 给某人树立好的榜样
11．stand for 代表
12．make a difference 有关系；有影响
1．What do you think the most important benefit of the Internet is
你认为因特网最重要的好处是什么？
[解读]　do you think是插入语。
[仿写]　你认为最安全的交通方式是什么？
What_do_you_think is the safest form of transportation
2．Without the Inte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnet, these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
[解读]　without引导的介词短语表示虚拟条件，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句。
[仿写]　没有空气、水和能量就没有生物。
Without air, water and energy, there_would_be no living things.
3．Follow these tips ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就会更加值得。
[解读]　本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。
[仿写]　好好休息，很快你就会痊愈的。
Take_a_good_rest,_and soon you will be well again.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．command n．命令；控制；掌握 vt.命令；指挥；控制
[经典例句]　For the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) first time in years, she felt in command of her life.(牛津P352)
多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
①If you command wisely, you'll be obeyed cheerfully.
指挥有方，人人乐从。
(1)in command of　　　　 　控制
take command of 指挥，控制
have a good command of 精通
at sb.'s command 受某人支配
(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that ...　命令……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)
②Only when yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u have a good command of vocabulary, will reading no longer be your obstacle.
只有掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。
[名师指津]　command意为“命令”时，其后的名词性从句中用虚拟语气形式“(should＋) do”。
③The teacher gave a c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ommand that all the pupils (should)_gather_at_once.
老师命令所有的学生立即集合。
2．correspond vi.通信；相一致，符合；相当于
[高考佳句]　For example, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding economic class.(2013·陕西高考阅读C)
例如，一个州的州长有很大的权力，但他或她可能不属于一个相应的经济等级。
correspond to/with　　 和……相符，与……一致
correspond with 与……通信
correspond to 与……相当/相称
①I assure you my actions will correspond with my words.
我向你保证，我将言行一致。
②The translation does not quite correspond_to the original.
译文不切原意。
3．abandon vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃 n．尽情；放任
[教材原句]　They would not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.
如果他们放弃了他们的梦想，他们就不会取得成功。
(1)abandon oneself to ... 沉溺于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放任地；放纵地；纵情地
(3)abandoned adj. 废弃的；被遗弃的
①We shouldn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )abandon ourselves to computer games, because it may ruin our life.
我们不应该沉迷于电脑游戏，因为那可能会毁掉我们的生活。
②The young peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e sang and danced with_abandon at the party last night.
在昨晚的晚会上，这些年轻人尽情地载歌载舞。
③It was abandoned, full of broken glass and rubbish.(2013·江苏高考完形)
它是被遗弃的，到处都是玻璃碎片和垃圾。
[一言串记]　The child was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )abandoned by his parents.Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street, abandoning himself to despair.
那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的男孩在大街上游荡，他已陷入了绝望。
[熟词生义]　猜测句中abandon的含义
④Most of the villagers have abandoned their homes and fled.
A．抛弃　　　　B．离开　　　　C．停止
答案：B
[链接高考]
(2012·浙江高考)Peter ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d intended to take a job in business, but ________ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
A．had abandoned　　　　　 B．abandoned
C．abandon D．will abandon
解析：选B　句意：皮特本打算在商界 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )找一份工作，但2010年在加拿大的一次不愉快的经历使他最终放弃了那个计划。根据句意可知abandon的动作发生在过去，同时由题眼“had intended”可知，该空应该用一般过去时，所以只有B项符合句意。
4．bother vi.& vt.花费时间、精力(做某事)；打扰，给某人造成麻烦 n．麻烦
[教材原句]　Usually, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people try to put correct information on the Internet, but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections.
通常，人们尽量把正确的信息放在因特网上，但并不是每个人都费心核对他们所写的内容并改正错误。
bother doing/to do sth.　 　 费心做某事
bother sb.to do sth. 纠缠某人做某事
bother sb.with/about sth. 拿某事来烦扰某人
bother about/with sth. 为某事而烦恼；为某事而费心
can't be bothered to do sth. 不想费心做某事
①You don't bother to get dinner for me today, I'll eat out.
今天不要麻烦为我预备饭了，我要在外边吃。
②He is always bothering_me_to_lend him money, which makes me upset.
他总来缠着我，向我借钱，这使我很生气。
③The naughty boy bothered_me_with a great many strange questions.
那个淘气的男孩对我提了一大堆奇怪的问题，真烦人。
[链接高考]
(2011·天津高考)—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
—________？ Mary is interested.
A．Why bother B．Why not
C．So what D．What for
解析：选A　说话人想登广告找一个室友， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据答语的第二句“Mary is interested.”可知答话人认为对方“没必要那么麻烦”，故选A项。B项意为“(提出或赞同建议)为什么不呢”；C项意为“(认为某事无关紧要)那又怎么样”；D项意为“为何目的”。
5．acknowledge vt.承认，认可；感谢
[高考佳句]　People spe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if we'd publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.(2013·安徽高考阅读D)
人们花费大量的时间指出不礼貌的行为，但是当我们看到礼貌的行为时，如果我们当众承认礼貌甚至会更有帮助。
(1)acknowledge (doing) sth.　　 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as ...
承认某事/某人是……
It is generally acknowledged that ...
……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；致谢；答谢
①He acknowledged receiving gifts that could be seen as bribes.
他承认收过一些可视为贿赂的礼物。
②The film festival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is acknowledged as an event of international importance.
这个电影节被认为是一个国际性的重要节日。
③It_is_generally_ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )knowledged that Lin Dan is the No.1 badminton player in the world.
林丹被公认为是世界一号羽毛球高手。
[熟词生义]　猜测句中acknowledge的含义
④I am telephoning to acknowledge receipt of your letter of July 25.
A．告知(信件、礼物等)已收到　B．承认　C．感谢
答案：A
二、间考词汇自识记
1．address vt.探讨，解决，处理；向……说话；称呼(某人)；在(信封、包裹)上写姓名和地址n.地址；演说
①address sth. to sb./sth.
向某人或某事物提出(意见或书面陈述)
②address sb. as sth.用(某姓名或头衔)称呼其人
The Judge should be addressed as ‘Your Honour’．
对法官应该称“法官大人”。
2．withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn) vi.&vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)
①withdraw from ...　　 不与人交往；退出
②withdraw ... from ...　 从……撤离/退出/提取……
If we are go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing to withdraw from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.
如果我们想取消婚约，那是出于你的意愿而不是我的。
3．classify vt.分类，归类
①classify ... as　　　 把……归类为
②classify ... into 把……分为
Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
这些事故中只有十一例被判定为重大事故。
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. (2014·湖南浏阳一中月考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))The army received a command that they ________ to the front immediately.
A．would march 　　　　　　 B．must march
C．should march D．were marching
解析：选C　comman ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d在此为名词，同位语从句解释说明command的内容，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
2．(2014·蚌埠三校联考)Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e written record of our conversation doesn't ________ what was actually said. There are a lot of mistakes.
A．correspond with B．relate to
C．look into D．compare with
解析：选A　句意：我们谈话的书面 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )记录和我们实际说的不一致。上面有很多错误。correspond with“与……一致”，符合句意。relate to“和……有关”；look into“调查”；compare with“和……相比”。
3．(2014·宿迁高三检测)I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )know this is not quite the right word, but I can't be ________ to think of a better one.
A．disturbed B．bothered
C．troubled D．worried
解析：选B　句意：我知道这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个词不完全准确，但我不想费心再想一个更恰当的了。bother“费心，麻烦”，can't be bothered to do sth.“不想费力做某事”。disturb“打扰，妨碍，使不安”；trouble“麻烦”；worry“焦躁不安”。
4．Our ________ resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages of developing their businesses.
A．generous B．limited
C．narrow D．abundant
解析：选D　句意：我们丰富的资源及稳定的政策 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为外国人提供了发展他们的业务的有利条件。abundant“丰富的”，符合句意。generous“慷慨的”；limited“有限的”；narrow“窄的”。
5．(2014·南通知名中学调研)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he US government threatened that it would ________ all its investment from the country if the country didn't reduce the customs duties.
A．take B．move
C．withdraw D．draw
解析：选C　句意：美国政 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )府威胁如果这个国家不减少海关各种关税，它将会从这个国家撤回所有投资。withdraw“撤回”，符合句意。take“拿出”；move“移动”；draw“提取”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
　acknowledge点点练
1．句型转换
①She acknowledged that she had been defeated.
→She acknowledged having been defeated.
②Most people acknowledged that he was innocent.
→It was widely acknowledged that he was innocent.
2．(2014·南京模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Arriving home, the Smiths wrote to Mr Wang to ________ his warm reception during their stay in Nanjing.
A．acknowledge B．update
C．consult D．acquire
解析：选A　句意：史密斯先生一家刚到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )家就写信给王先生感谢在他们逗留南京期间王先生所给予的热情招待。acknowledge“感谢”，符合句意。update“更新”；consult“请教”；acquire“获得”。
　abandon万花筒
1．句型转换(每空一词)
As he abandoned himself to smoking, he suffered from lung cancer.
①Abandoning himself to smoking,_he suffered from lung cancer.
②Abandoned to smoking,_he suffered from lung cancer.
2．根据英汉提示完成小片段
③这个男孩从小就被父母遗弃，所以在生活中遇到困难时他很容易陷入绝望。
The boy was_abandon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed_by his parents when he was a baby, so he tended to abandon_himself_to despair when meeting trouble in life.
3．The study shows th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere is a deep fear among the elderly of being ________ to the care of strangers.
A．dismissed B．abandoned
C．stood D．quit
解析：选B　句意：研究表明老年人很害怕被遗弃给陌生人照顾。abandon“舍弃，抛弃”，符合句意。
1．turn to 向……求助；转向；翻到
[教材原句]　When people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first source they turn to.
如今，当人们需要信息时，无论是时事新闻、天气预报还是旅游线路、学术研究，因特网都是他们的首选。
①Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.
沿着大道走到分岔地方再向左拐。
②I tried to stand on m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y own two feet rather than turned_to my parents.
我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。
turn away　　　　　 转过脸去；拒绝(某人)进入
turn against 反对；背叛
turn down 调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn up 调大(音量等)；出现；到场
turn in 上交
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻转；反复考虑；移交
③We have been a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pproached several times but have_turned_down all offers.
虽然经数次洽谈，但我们拒绝了所有提议。
④As it turned out, he lost his job because of being late frequently.
结果，因为经常迟到，他丢了工作。
2．drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
[教材原句]　One univer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sity did a study about the students who had dropped out, and found that 43 per cent of them were heavy Internet users.
某大学曾对退学的学生做过一项调查，发现43%的人痴迷于电脑。
①Peter dropped out before completing the race because of his injury.
因为受伤，彼得在比赛还未结束时就退出了。
drop out of　　　　　　 退出……
drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人
drop in at a place 顺便走访某地
drop by/in 顺便拜访
drop off 中途下客或卸货；减少；下降
drop into 顺路到……
②There are at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )least three reasons why so many children have_dropped_out_of_school.
为什么这么多孩子辍学至少有三个原因。
③They dropped off bla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nkets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to chat. (2013·江苏高考完形)
他们放下毯子、蜡烛和工具开始过来聊天。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　　
Ⅰ.介、副词填空
1．We must keep in mind that pride goes before a fall.
2．I think there are other things to take into consideration there.
3．Since we're League members, we should set a good example to others.
4．If you love anyone, you will like all that belongs to him.
5．Can you drop the kids off at school this morning
6．I can't tell my parents about it; I don't know who to turn to.
7．The manager drops in at the boss' office several times a day.
8．The letters PRC stand for the People's Republic of China.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·苏南五校联考)New com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )puters are soon out of date since newer models are ________ constantly.
A．turned up B．turned out
C．turned down D．turned over
解析：选B　句意：由于更加新型 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的电脑不断地被生产出来，新电脑很快就会过时。turn up“出现”；turn down“拒绝”；turn over“翻身，翻转”。turn out为及物动词短语，意为“生产或制造”。newer models与turn out之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。本题易误选A项，但turn up意为“appear(出现)”时为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。
2．(2014·金陵中学模拟)On the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way to the Summer Palace, we ________ Beijing University.
A．dropped off B．dropped out of
C．dropped into D．dropped behind
解析：选C　句意：去颐和园 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的路上我们顺便去参观了北京大学。drop off“减少”；drop out of“退出”；drop into“顺路到”；drop behind“落后”。
Follow_these_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tips,_and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就会更加值得。
(1)本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。
①Work harder and you will be admitted to a key university.
更加努力学习你就会考上名牌大学。
(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句。
②Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
人必自敬，然后人敬之。
(3)在“祈使句＋并列连词＋陈述句”句型中，也可以用“名词＋并列连词＋陈述句”表示。
③A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist.
要是我早来几分钟，就能见到那位著名的科学家了。
[链接高考]
(2013·四川高考)Read th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is story, ________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A．or B．and
C．but D．so
解析：选B　句意：读这个故事，然后你就会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )明白并不是所有东西都能用钱买到。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”为固定句型。根据句意可知此处表顺承关系，故用and。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．为什么你认为自己非常适合这项工作？
Why_do_you_think you would be a good fit for this job
2．没有你们的支援，我是不会成功的。
I wouldn't_have_succeeded without your support.
3．抓住机会吧， 否则你会遗憾的。
Take the chance, or/otherwise you will regret it.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—Mum, I am afraid I won't do well in the coming test.
—Honey，________ more careful，________ you will make it.
A．be; and B．be; otherwise
C．do; and D．be; or
解析：选A　形容词careful前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面用be动词，构成系表结构。根据句意可知此处是顺承关系，故用并列连词and，符合句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。
2．________， and the problem will be worked out.
A．If you have a bit more effort
B．Having a little effort
C．A bit more effort
D．There being a little effort
解析：选C　句意：再多努力一点，这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个问题就会被解决了。本题中把动词make 省略了，直接用名词短语表示祈使语气，符合“祈使句(或名词词组)＋and/or(else)＋陈述句”这一句型。
3．(2014·济南市名校第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )四次诊断性测试)The Internet plays an important role in our life. Without the Internet, life________ quite different nowadays.
A．would be B．will be
C．is D．was
解析：选A　句意：因特网在我们的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生活中发挥了重要的作用。如果没有因特网的话，今天的生活就是另一番景象了。without the Internet相当于一个非真实条件状语从句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，故选A。
助动词
1．(2014·安庆一中模拟)I t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hought the teacher would say something about our exam result but he________ it.
A．doesn't mention B．hasn't mentioned
C．wouldn't mention D．didn't mention
解析：选D　句意：我以为老师会就我们的考试结果说些什么，但是他提都没提。根据句意可知，此处表示的是发生在过去的一件事情，因此用一般过去时。
2．(2014·江西南昌联考)If ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you don't plan to stay there long in the coming holiday，________.
A．so do I B．so will I
C．nor do I D．nor will I
解析：选D　空处表示与前句有相同情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形，且前句为否定句，应用“nor＋倒装句”。if从句中用一般现在时代替了一般将来时，故主句的时态应用将来时态。
3．(2014·扬州高三模拟)—Ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s your son come back from abroad for the winter vacation
—Yes. But he stay ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed at home for only a week. Now he ________ back to college.
A．went B．has gone
C．was going D．will go
解析：选B　句意：“你儿子已经从国外回来过寒假了吗？”“是的，但是他只待了一周，现在又回去上学了。”根据句意可知应用现在完成时。
4．(2014·南京十三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中高三检测)If we ________ another two weeks, we will be able to finish the task.
A．give B．will give
C．are given D．will be given
解析：选C　在条件状语从句中，应用一般现在时表示将来。give和we之间存在动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态形式。
5．(2014·长沙一中模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)They ________ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ________ on it as no good results have come out so far.
A．had been working; are still working
B．had worked; were still working
C．have been working; have worked
D．have worked; are still working
解析：选A　根据前一分句中的“b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efore I joined them”可知，此处动作发生在过去的过去，而且表示的是一种持续进行的动作，所以应用过去完成进行时。根据语意和第二个分句中的now可知，第二空用现在进行时。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·江南十校联考)Wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at some people regard as ________ drawback is seen as ________ plus by many others.
A．a; a　　　　　　　　 B．the; /
C．/; a D．a; the
解析：选A　句意：一些人认为是劣势的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )东西其他很多人认为是优势。drawback“劣势”和plus“优势”都是可数名词，且由语境可知此处表泛指，所以两个空都填a。
2．(2014·常州高三模拟)—Can you help me
—Yes. ________ your teacher's advice, in my opinion, and everything will be OK.
A．Follow B．Following
C．To follow D．Followed
解析：选A　本题考查“祈使句＋and/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or(else)＋陈述句”结构，因此正确答案为A。本题中的祈使句后加了in my opinion这一插入语，加大了试题难度。
3．(2013·安徽七校大联考)—Does it rain a lot in this area
—________， it ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rdly ever rains; the climate is like that of a desert.
A．What's more B．In other words
C．On the contrary D．As a result
解析：选C　句意：“这个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地区雨量充沛吗？”“正好相反，几乎不下雨，气候就像沙漠气候。”what's more“而且，更为甚者”；in other words“换句话说”；on the contrary“正好相反”；as a result“结果”。
4．(2014·淮安高三质检)In th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eir efforts to persuade us to buy that product, shop keepers have made a close study of human nature and have________ all our weaknesses.
A．divided B．arranged
C．classified D．separated
解析：选C　句意：在说服我们买那 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种产品所尽的努力中，店员深入研究了人性而且将我们的弱点进行了分类。classify“将……分类”，符合句意。divide“划分”；arrange“安排”；separate“分开”。
5．(2014·安徽师大附中模拟)—Shall I check the lab before I go home
—________. I'll check it myself later.
A．Go ahead B．No problem
C．No hurry D．Don't bother
解析：选D　句意：“我回家前要不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要我检查一下实验室？”“不烦劳你了，晚些时候我会亲自检查的。”go ahead“干吧，做吧”；no problem“没问题”；no hurry“不着急”；don't bother“不烦劳你了”。
6．(2014·徐州高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)Of course, access________ up to date, accurate information is an important thing for anyone________ is doing research.
A．to; whose B．of; that
C．to; who D．of; who
解析：选C　access to sth.“使用某物或接近某物的机会或权利”；先行词为anyone而定语从句中又缺少主语，故用who。
7．—Could you be more ________ about your plan
—Of course, I'll introduce it to everyone present in detail.
A．special B．particular
C．specific D．fundamental
解析：选C　句意：“你能不能对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你的计划再具体些？”“当然可以，我会向在场的每一位详细介绍这项计划。”specific“具体的，明确的，详细的”，符合句意。special“特殊的，专门的”；particular“特别的，独有的，挑剔的”；fundamental“基本的”。
8．(2014·南京高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—Hey, if you can't enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use the earphone. I'm studying.
—Oh, I'm sorry. I________ realize it________ you.
A．don't; bothers　　　　　　 B．didn't; bothered
C．don't; was bothering D．didn't; was bothering
解析：选D　答句句意：我没意识到( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指前者提醒之前没意识到，现在已意识到了)这么大的音量一直打扰着您。故第一个空用一般过去时，第二个空用过去进行时。
9．(2013·长沙十二校联考)When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) he ________ some money, he found that he forgot to take his bankbook.
A．withdrew B．had withdrawn
C．was to withdraw D．would withdraw
解析：选C　句意：当他正要取钱的时候却发现忘记带存折了。根据语境可知，动作发生在过去某一时间，只有C项可以表达“过去正要做某事”的含义。
10．(2014·宿迁高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )He commanded that all the gates ________ immediately in case the murderer escaped.
A．should shut　　　　　　　 B．would be shut
C．shut D．be shut
解析：选D　句意：他命令立刻关上所有的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )门以免杀人犯逃走。command后接宾语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。宾语从句的主语gate与shut之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动语态。
11．(2014·安徽省高考命题研究专家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原创卷)According to school bus safety rules, when a school bus stops on the road to ________ or pick up students, other vehicles behind it must stop to wait.
A．drop off B．take off
C．pay off D．turn off
解析：选A　句意：根据校车安 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全条例，当校车在公路上停车上下学生时，其后的车辆必须停车等待。drop off“中途下客”对应pick up。take off“脱下，脱掉”；pay off“付清，还清，付清工资解雇(某人)”；turn off“关掉”。
12．(2014·江苏海 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )门高三检测)—Excuse me, I'd like to make an early ________ to have my hair cut tomorrow.
—Will 8 o'clock do
A．appointment B．arrangement
C．employment D．engagement
解析：选A　句意：“劳驾，我想早点预约明 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )天理发。”“8点行吗？”make an appointment“预约，约定”，符合句意。arrangement“排列，安排”；employment“雇用，使用”；engagement“约会，订婚”。
13．(2014·江苏盐城中学模拟)W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are looking into the problem. You can offer any information________ to it.
A．similar B．relevant
C．unique D．equal
解析：选B　句意：我们正在调查这个问题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。你可以提供与此相关的任何信息。relevant“相关的”，符合句意。similar“相似的”；unique“独特的”；equal“相等的”。
14．(2014·安徽太湖中学模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)He refused to acknowledge________ in the match, but in vain.
A．to defeat B．to be defeated
C．defeating D．being defeated
解析：选D　句意：他拒不承 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )认在比赛中被击败，但这一切都是徒劳的。acknowledge后接动名词作宾语，主语he与defeat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故选D。
15．(2014·河南六市高三联考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Any packet ________ properly will not be accepted by the post office.
A．not to address B．not being addressed
C．not addressed D．not having addressed
解析：选C　写地址与包裹之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。表示否定意思时，将否定词放于doing或done之前，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2014·无锡洛社高级中学高三模拟)
A Faithful Father
My husband kis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed me goodbye, stroked the baby's cheek and then rushed out of the door, into his busy day.With the cold of the morning fading, I fed my baby and it fell fast asleep.Usually I would place it in bed and quickly have the house somewhat in __1__.
This morning, howev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er, I stayed seated, just __2__， with the baby in my arms.The thoughts ran into __3__ of the mornings with my husband, a father rushing out of the door to meet the obligations of life.It was only a small jump to thoughts of my own __4__.
My mother passed away ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) when I was ten, and as I looked __5__， I could see how much of a family man my dad was.He went to work every morning and __6__ to his family every evening.He __7__ food, clothing, warmth, and protection.He was a faithful father.
Setting the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )baby down, I dialed the __8__ number.I had just realized the __9__ of the ordinary — the daily life going on around us that we often took for granted, and that it needed to be __10__.
“Hi, Dad.” I said, __11__back tears.
“Hey, Bud.How are you？” __12__ was in his voice.
“Fine, I'm just callin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g to say ...thank you.” I got it out before my throat __13__ too much for me to speak.
“What for？”
“For getting up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and going to work every morning of my life.Now that I have my own __14__ and I see my husband doing the same, I just wanted to thank you for being __15__.”
There was __16__ f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or a moment as my dad composed himself, and with a small __17__ in his voice he said，“You're welcome, Bud.”
I don't remember ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) much of the rest of the call, __18__ that moment of revelation (显露) about my father, I will never forget.There are those who are known for their heroic __19__， and also those who are known for their fortunes and fame, but it is the __20__ everyday fathers who are the true heroes.I'm thankful that my father was one of them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )议文。作者在家带孩子，看到丈夫每天为了家庭辛苦奔波，由此想到了自己的父亲，一位忠诚的父亲，为家庭的幸福而任劳任怨。在作者的心目中，那些平凡的父亲们才是真正的英雄。
1．A.use B．line
C．order D．fashion
解析：选C　空格处与空前的介词in构 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成了介词短语，in use意为“在使用中”；in line意为“成直线，排成一行”；in order意为“整齐，整洁，井然有序”；in fashion意为“流行的，时髦的”。根据语境可知，作者在家带孩子，当然是趁着孩子睡熟的间隙快速整理家务，使房子整洁有序，由此可知，order符合文意。
2．A.thinking B．dreaming
C．imagining D．praying
解析：选A　此处与下文中“thoughts”相照应，指作者当时正在思考，因此，thinking符合文意。
3．A.conversations B．struggles
C．incidents D．memories
解析：选D　A项意为“谈话， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )交谈”；B项意为“努力，奋斗”；C项意为“事情，事件”；D项意为“回忆，记忆，记忆力”。根据下文可知，作者陷入了回忆，回忆早晨和丈夫在一起时的情景，memories符合文意。
4．A.baby B．husband
C．mother D．father
解析：选D　此句话起到了承上启下的作用，根据下文第三段中的“my dad”可知，作者想到了自己的父亲，father符合文意。
5．A.out B．away
C．back D．around
解析：选C　look out意为“注意，小 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )心，向外看”；look away意为“转移目光，扭头看别处，把脸转过去”；look back意为“回顾，回忆，追忆，回头看”；look around意为“环顾四周”。根据下文“I could see how much of a family man my dad was.”可知，此处指作者回忆起，当时是父亲担负起了家庭重任，并根据下文可知，look back符合文意。
6．A.moved B．returned
C．escaped D．walked
解析：选B　根据语境可知，a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd前后两分句为并列关系，前面提到每天上午上班，故后面指的是每天晚上回到家。在选项中，return意为“返回”，符合文意。
7．A.provided B．collected
C．sought D．bought
解析：选A　空格后提到食物、衣 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )服、温暖和保护，根据上文中父亲早出晚归可知，此处指父亲的忙碌和辛苦是为我们提供这些。故provide“提供”符合文意。而collect, seek, buy三个词与空后内容明显不搭配，可排除。
8．A.popular B．relative
C．regular D．familiar
解析：选D　popular意为“流行 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的，受欢迎的”；relative意为“相对的，相关的，有关系的”；regular意为“定期的，有规律的”；familiar意为“熟悉的，常见的，亲近的”。根据下文中“‘Hi, Dad.’I said”可知，作者是在给自己的父亲打电话，号码应该是她所熟悉的，familiar符合文意。
9．A.difference B．significance
C．balance D．absence
解析：选B　difference意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“差异，不同”；significance意为“意义，重要性”；balance意为“平衡，余额”；absence意为“缺席，不在”。根据上文可知，父亲所做的事情似乎都是日常生活中的事情，而此时作者才认识到这普通日常生活的意义，可我们却常常把这一切认为是理所当然的。由此可知，significance符合文意。
10．A.recognized B．arranged
C．reduced D．achieved
解析：选A　A项意为“承认，认出”；B项意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“安排，排列”；C项意为“减少”；D项意为“达到，完成，实现”。此句中的it代指上文中提到的这种日常生活的意义。该句意为：这种意义需要得到认可，recognized符合文意。
11．A.sending B．pushing
C．holding D．putting
解析：选C　空格处与后面的back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构成了动词短语，send back意为“送回，退还”；push back意为“把……向后推，推回”；hold back意为“控制，阻止，隐瞒”；put back 意为“放回原处，向后拨，拨回”。作者给父亲打电话时心情非常激动，由此可知，应该是忍住自己的泪水，hold back符合文意。
12．A.Sympathy B．Stress
C．Doubt D．Concern
解析：选D　sympathy意为“同情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，怜悯”；stress意为“压力，强调，重读”；doubt意为“怀疑，疑惑”；concern意为“关系，关心，关心的事”。根据上文提到的“How are you？”可知，在电话里作者的父亲对作者非常关心，concern符合文意。
13．A.cleared B．hurt
C．ached D．tightened
解析：选D　A项意为“清除，使干 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )净”；B项意为“使受伤，使疼痛，感到疼痛”；C项意为“疼痛”；D项意为“变紧，使变紧”。根据上文语境可知，作者在表达对父亲的谢意时，心情激动，喉咙发紧，tightened符合文意。
14．A.child B．duty
C．plan D．career
解析：选A　养儿方知父母恩，有了自己 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的孩子之后，作者才从内心深处体会到了父亲当时为家庭所付出的一切。由此可知，child符合文意。与文中第一段中“I fed my baby”相照应。
15．A.inspiring B．faithful
C．considerate D．admirable
解析：选B　inspiri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng意为“鼓舞人心的”；faithful意为“忠实的，忠诚的”；considerate意为“体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的”；admirable意为“令人钦佩的，极好的”。此处与短文的标题相照应，是点题之句，作者想感谢父亲的忠诚，因此，faithful符合文意。
16．A.peace B．calm
C．silence D．rest
解析：选C　下文提到作者的父亲定了定神，因此，此处指的是父亲沉默了片刻，silence符合文意。
17．A.tremble B．hesitation
C．passion D．sigh
解析：选A　tremble意为“颤抖，战栗” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；hesitation意为“犹豫”；passion意为“激情，热情，酷爱”；sigh意为“叹息，叹气”。作者的父亲对女儿突然说出的这番感谢之词，是没有心理准备的，因此，他说话时声音发颤，tremble符合文意。
18．A.and B．but
C．or D．nor
解析：选B　上文提到“I don't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )remember”，而下文提到“I will never forget”，由此可知，空格处表示的是转折，but符合文意。
19．A.ideas B．deeds
C．remarks D．words
解析：选B　根据语境可知，有些人是以他们的英雄事迹出名，deeds是“事迹，功绩”之意，符合文意。
20．A.outstanding B．patient
C．ordinary D．honest
解析：选C　outstanding意为“杰 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )出的，显著的”；patient意为“坚忍的，耐心的”；ordinary意为“普通的，平凡的”；honest意为“诚实的，实在的，可靠的，坦率的”。因为句中连词but表示其前后句为转折关系，并结合语境可知，在作者的心目中，普通的父亲们才是真正的英雄，此处与上文第四段中“the ordinary — the daily life”相照应，ordinary符合文意。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2014·长沙高三模拟)Christmas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Easter and Birthday parties can be difficult times for grandmothers and parents as they rush around trying to arrange the perfect celebration or making everyone as happy as possible! What's better than a birthday party that makes your grandchild smile throughout or a celebration that impresses relatives and close friends
That is why Granny ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Look has supplied in this section, one of the most comprehensive guides to making these special occasions that happen perhaps once a year a real success.
From a selec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children and grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas.
Bring that festive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )spirit to all those traditional days, and ensure you are always ready for any possibility. Granny Look's extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content.
CHRISTMAS STOCKING_FILLERS
LOOK no furthe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r！！ Granny Look helps the family to prepare in time for FATHER CHRISTMAS. Give SANTA CLAUS some ideas. He can fill all the children's Christmas stockings with goodies! Unique Christmas gifts for children stocking fillers.
A Granny Look favorite!
ADVENT_CALENDARS
All children ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) love the build up to CHRISTMAS! What is better than choosing one of Granny Look's selection of Advent Calendars! Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent Calendars for children at Christmas time.
A Granny Look favorite!
BIRTHDAYS
LOOKING for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a SPECIAL BIRTHDAY GIFT Explore Granny Look's selection of PRESENTS, PARTYPLANNING, PARTY TOYS and PARTY GAMES for your Children and Grandchildren's BIRTHDAYS.
Plan and organize the KIDDIE'S PARTIES ahead of time！！
Don't forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS !
CHRISTMAS
LOOK and BOOK now！！ Gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anny Look's selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children.
Some guides to “Wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t's on in your area” ... for the kids. PANTOS, SHOWS, THEATRES ... at Christmas time!
UNIQUE Christmas gifts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for Children. Spend QUALITY TIME with your Children's Children this FESTIVE SEASON!
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个网站：Granny Look。该网站的主要功能是帮助祖父母或者父母为一些诸如圣诞节、复活节、生日聚会等特别的场合做准备。
1．From the text, we know that “Granny Look” is ________.
A．a person wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o guides you to make your yearly celebration a real success
B．a magazine that helps the family to prepare for special occasions
C．a company that sells all sorts of products on the Internet
D．a website that helps you to prepare for special occasions
解析：选D　细节理解题。结合第二段和ADVE ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )NT CALENDARS部分中的内容可知，Granny Look是帮助人们为特别的场合做准备的网站。故答案选D。
2．The purpose of the text is ________.
A．to make children have a memorable holiday
B．to show you how to shop on the Internet
C．to give you some information about Granny Look
D．to introduce some goods
解析：选C　写作意图题。本文主要介绍了Granny Look这个网站的一些相关信息。故答案选C。
3．If you want to send ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) some invitations to your daughter's classmates, where will you search for the information
A．At Birthdays.
B．At Advent Calendars.
C．At Christmas stocking fillers.
D．At Christmas.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文中BIRTH ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )DAYS部分的最后一句话“Don't forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS！”可知，要想给女儿的同学发请柬的话，可以在BIRTHDAYS部分寻找信息。故答案选A。
4．You will fail to fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd any information at Christmas when you need ________.
A．Christmas cards B．fun Advent calendars
C．Christmas gifts D．tickets for theatres
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章CHRISTMAS部分的内容可知，文中没有提及“fun Advent calendars”。故答案选B。
5．If your son want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a traditional Advent calendar, you should search ________.
A．Birthdays B．Advent Calendars
C．Christmas stocking fillers D．Christmas
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据ADVE ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )NT CALENDARS部分中的“Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent Calendars for children at Christmas time.”可知，如果你儿子想要一个传统的基督降临日历，你应该去搜索Advent Calendars。故答案选B。
Unit 4　Public transport
　第二层级——背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅
1．I managed to collect some information from the Internet.
我设法从网上收集了一些信息。
2．The informa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion includes the train schedule, hotels and the weather there.
这些信息包括列车时刻表以及那里的宾馆和天气状况。
3．I booked two tickets online.
我从网上订了两张票。
4．I helped them pac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k into the suitcase what they might need in the following days.
我帮他们把他们随后几天可能用到的东西塞进手提箱。
5．I went to the station to see them off.
我去车站给他们送行。
6．I wished them a happy journey.
我希望他们旅途愉快。,1.用including连接1、2句
I_managed_to_collect_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some_information_from_the_Internet,_including_the_train_schedule,_hotels_and_the_weather_there.
2．连接3、4句，使其成为含after引导的状语从句的复合句
After_I_had_booked_tw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o_tickets_online,_I_helped_them_pack_into_the_suitcase_what_they_might_need_in_the_following_days.
3．使用分词短语连接5、6句
I_went_to_the_station_to_see_them_off,_wishing_them_a_happy_journey.
选用“finally, firstly, at the same time, afterwards”过渡词语衔接成文。
Last weekend, I hel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.Firstly,_I managed to collect some useful information about this journey from the Internet, including the train schedule from Beijing to Beidaihe, the hotel they will stay in as well as the weather in Beidaihe.Afterwards,_after I had booked two tickets online, I helped them pack into the suitcase what they might need in the following days.
Finally,_the day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )coming, I went to the station to see them off, wishing them a happy journey.At_the_same_time,_I was glad that I did what I could for my grandparents.
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1. I want to convey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(传递) a positive, optimistic message like sunshine and love to audience through the programme.
2．I'm sorry t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o inconvenience you, but we have to postpone (推迟) our exhibition.
3．The spokesman ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) refused to disclose details(细节) of the takeover to the press.
4．New concer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns have arisen (出现) over the emissions from the growing number of motor vehicles.
5．When the train crash ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed (碰撞), many passengers were thrown out onto the lines.
6．A young man wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s bending low to push a heavily loaded (载重的) bike up a slope.
7．The drivers of mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tor vehicles should pay greater attention to the safety of the pedestrians (行人)．
8．I soon found I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had undertaken (承担) a task of more difficulty than I had imagined.
9．The US business ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) today is challenged by aggressive (挑衅的) overseas competitors.
10．Many African peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple have only the basics of survival. It's absolutely unbelievable (难以置信的)．
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．She told her son ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to cross the street in security at pedestrian crossing (cross)．
2．Two pedestria ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns and a cyclist (cycle) were injured when the car skidded.
3．One must nev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er violate (violation) these loyalties to serve one's own interests.
4．People who drive wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en they are drunk (drink) should be heavily punished.
5．The hotel reception ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ist (reception) wants to know when we will be checking out tomorrow morning.
6．In the course of c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onversation, we told your representive that we were eager to enlarge (large) bussiness with you.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．Yesterday I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )received a present.I don't know who sent the present, but I'll make careful enquiries. I'm writing to my friends to enquire about it.(enquiry)
2．I called t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o reserve a table for two, but the waiter told me all the tables had been reserved and I was supposed to make reservations in advance.(reservation)
1．The rivers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will lose their force when spilt_up (分解) into several streams.
2．Please fill_in (填写) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this form, giving your name, address and business.
3．He dropped_off (中途下车) at the square and changed to a suburban bus.
4．All of our computer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are_linked_up (连接), so we can communicate with each other very easily.
5．She had to put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_off (推迟) her dentist appointment because she had a business trip.
6．Ellie arrived not l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong before the taxi to the airport turned_up (出现)．
7．Once these difficu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lties were got over, the work would speed_up (加速).
8．The confusion abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut the date of the meeting arose_from (起因于) a typing error.
9．He sat down and wai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted while the operator put_through (接通) his call.
10．Have you decided_on (决定) where you'll spend your holidays
【短语归纳】
1．drop off　　　　　　　 中途下客或卸货
2．link up 联合，连接
3．put through (给某人)接通(电话)
4．decide on/upon 决定，选定
5．put off 推迟，推延
6．turn up 出现，到来
7．fill in 填写(表格)
8．split up 分组，分解；分离
9．speed up (使)加速
10．arise from 起因于，由……引起
1．So, why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today
那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？
[解读]　“why not＋动词原形”表示“为什么不……”，常用来提出建议。
[仿写]　天气多好啊！为什么不出去散散步？
What pleasant weather! Why_not_go out for a walk
2．Below are som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars, minibuses and lorries, and what drivers should do to prevent them.
以下是机动车如小汽车、小型巴士和货车引起道路交通事故的一些主要原因，以及司机为防止事故应采取的措施。
[解读]　本句使用了完全倒装句。
[仿写]　两座楼之间有棵大松树。
Between_the_two_buildings_stands_a_tall_pine.
3．It is up to al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.
靠注意道路安全来确保避免事故，这就取决于我们大家，即道路使用者。
[解读]　It is up to sb.to do sth.为固定句式，意为“由某人决定做某事”。
[仿写]　去还是不去，由你决定。
It's_up_to_you_to_decide whether you go or not.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．convey vt.运送，输送；表达，传达
[高考佳句]　It is true you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can't judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey certain messages.(2012·陕西高考阅读D)
的确，你不能根据封面判断一本书，然而，为了传达某种信息，人们确实给自己装上“封面”。
convey one's feelings/emotions/meanings
　　　　　　　　 表达某人的感情/情感/意思
convey sth.to sb. 向某人表达/传递……
convey sb./sth.from A to B
把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
①Eyes tell a lot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about a person; they convey one's feelings, character and emotions.
眼神可以表露一个人的很多信息；它们传达人的情感、表达个性和情绪。
②I hope I can also con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vey to you something of my pleasure in American literature.
我也希望能把我从美国文学中得到的乐趣与你们共享。
2．postpone vt.延迟，延期
[教材原句]　However, new tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.
但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。
①We have two more postponed matches to play next week.
我们有两场拖延下来的比赛要在下星期举行。
postpone sth.to/until ...　 把事情推迟到……
postpone doing sth. 耽搁/推迟做某事
②Because it was raining, we postponed the match until tomorrow.
因为下雨，我们把比赛推迟到明天举行。
③They have purposely postponed_going to London till next autumn.
他们故意把伦敦之行延期到下一年的秋天。
3．undertake vt.& vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应
[经典例句]　The company h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.(牛津P1923)
公司已经宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。
①I do not think of any ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) reason you undertake all faults to the thing of occurring.
我想不出你对所发生的事承担全部过错的任何理由。
undertake a task　　　　　 承担任务
undertake to do sth. 答应/同意做某事
undertake that ... 承诺……
②I repeat that we_cannot_undertake_the_task.
我再说一遍，我们不能承担这项任务。
③The United Nations O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rganization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid.(2013·江西高考)
联合国组织可以承担指挥援助的分配。
4．split vi.& vt.分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破
[教材原句]　We could split up into groups, and come at different times.
我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。
split up　　　　　　　　 分组；分解；分离，解散；绝交
split (up) with sb. 与……断绝关系；分手
split sb.up 拆散某人
split (up) into ... 分开(成几部分)
split sth.between ... 分摊，分配
①She's split up with her boyfriend because of different characters.
由于性格不合，她已和男友分手了。
②About two th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irds of the boys leave school, the others split_up_into Science and Arts.
大约三分之二的男生离校，其余的人分成文理科两大类。
5．arise (arose, arisen) vi.出现，产生
[教材原句]　The number of r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oad accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year.
在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有增长。
arise from ＝ arise out of　　 由……引起/产生
if/when the need arises 如果/当有需要
①Science arises fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems.
科学出自人们处理日常问题的实际需要。
②Use this money if the need arises, but you mustn't waste it.
如果需要就使用这笔钱，但你千万不能浪费。
6．load n．[C]负荷，负载；大量，许多 vt.装载，装上，装入
[教材原句]　Carrying more t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control.
用自行车载上重物会使车子难以控制。
(1)a load of ＝ loads of　　　 大量的，许多(修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词)
take a load off sb.'s mind 消除某人的思想负担
(2)load up 装载
load ...with ... 用……装载……
load sth.into/onto ... 把某物装入(到)……
①Learning without wisdom is a load of books on ass's (驴) back.
有学问无智慧就像书本驮在驴背上。
②The good news has tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en_a_load_off_my_mind that my son is out of danger.
儿子脱离危险的好消息使我如释重负。
③Often this earliest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods.(2013·浙江高考阅读A)
通常这种早期形式的广告与一个刚到的载满货物的轮船有关。
二、间考词汇自识记
1．enlarge vt.&vi.扩大，扩展，增大；放大(照片、文件)
I asked the photographer to enlarge the picture.
我请摄影师把那张照片放大。
2．crash n．&vi.&vt.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃；碰撞声，巨响
The heavy shelf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )came crashing down and sent Kruger down the stairs.(2012·辽宁高考完形)
大重架子猛地倒下让克鲁格顺着楼梯滚下。
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·江苏阜宁中学质检 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to ________ the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A．suggest　　　　　　　　 B．postpone
C．oppose D．disobey
解析：选B　句意：明天要是下雨的话 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们将推迟参观杨浦大桥。postpone“推迟”，符合句意。suggest“建议，提议，暗示”；oppose“反对”；disobey“违抗”。
2．(2014·安徽七校大联考)Nowa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )days many new couples like to ________ their wedding photos and hang them on the wall.
A．extend B．enlarge
C．spread D．stretch
解析：选B　句意：现在，很多 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )新婚夫妇喜欢把结婚照放大了挂在墙上。enlarge“放大”，多指放大具体物品，如相片、图画等，符合句意。extend指范围上扩展、距离上延长、时间上延长以及能力上尽可能地发挥等；spread指使某物摊开、展开或消息等向四面八方传播开来；stretch指“伸展、延伸；伸长、伸出(身体某部位)”。
3．(2014·溧阳高三模拟)A cla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss with 40 kids is more likely to ________ opposing groups than one with 20, which may explain why students tend to do better in smaller classes.
A．look into B．split into
C．break into D．run into
解析：选B　句意：一个有40个孩子的班级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比一个只有20个孩子的班级更容易分裂，这也许可以解释为什么小班的学生学得更好。split (up) into“分开(成几部分)”，符合句意。
4．(2014·江南十校联考)No ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )further financial problems ________， but we once couldn't make both ends meet.
A．rose B．arose
C．aroused D．raised
解析：选B　句意：虽然更深层的财政问题没出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )现，但我们根本不能维持生计。rise“升起”；arise“出现”；arouse“唤醒，引起”；raise“提升，举起”。
5．(2014·江苏省高考名校联考信息优化 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )卷)At the press conference, the manager ________ the message that the company is trying to find possible solutions to the problem.
A．left B．conveyed
C．carried D．took
解析：选B　句意：在新闻发布会上，经理传达了公司正努力寻找这个问题的合理解决方法的信息。convey“表达；传递”，符合句意。
Ⅱ.多维演练
　undertake面面观
1．完成句子
①她为新变化承担全部责任。
She undertook_full_responsibility for the new changes.
②他保证6个月内还钱。
He undertook_to_pay_the_money_back in six months.
2．一句多译
我不能保证按时完成这项任务。
③I_cannot_undertake_to_finish_the_task_on_time.
④I_cannot_undertake_that_I_shall/will_finish_the_task_on_time.
3．(2013·宿迁模拟)As Geor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge Washington said，“Don't________ what you cannot perform, but be careful to keep your promise.”
A．analyse B．preserve
C．explore D．undertake
解析：选D　句意：正如乔治·华 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )盛顿所说，“不要承诺你完成不了的事，但一定要信守诺言。”undertake“承担，承诺”，符合句意。analyse“分析”；preserve“保留”；explore“探讨”。
　load 万花筒
1．介词填空
①People were loading bags of rice onto/into the truck.
②She loaded my basket with apples and oranges.
③The woman came down the hill with her loads of firewood.
2．(2014·浏阳一中模拟)Li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fe is like a bus ________ with passengers, each man to his destination.
A．loading B．to load
C．loaded D．having loaded
解析：选C　句意：人生就像一辆满载乘客的客车，每个人都驶向自己的目的地。bus与load之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语。
1．link up 联合，连接；使结合；使连接
[教材原句]　Sixteen year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided underground service in the middle of the city.
16年后，在1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合，为城市中部地区提供地铁服务。
①Engineers can link up distant countries by radio or telephone.
工程师们用无线电或电话可把相距遥远的国家联系在一起。
link up with　　　　 连接，联合
link ...to/with 将……与……联系或连接起来
be linked to 与……有关
②The two satellites will link up with one another in space.
两颗卫星要在太空中接头了。
③Most scientists accep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t that climate change is_linked_to carbon emissions.
大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
2．put through 给某人接通(电话)；使经历
[教材原句]　I will put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.
我帮你接通接待员的电话，她会记录你的详细要求。
(1)put sb.through 给某人接通(电话)；使某人经受
(磨练、痛苦)；使某人完成
put sth.through　　　 完成(工作、计划等)；使成功
(2)put off 推迟，延迟
put up 张贴；建造，搭起
put away 收起来放好；储蓄
put on 穿(戴)上；上演；增加(体重)
put in 加入，放入
put forward 提出；拨快(钟表指针)；提前
①I'm looking for a part time job to help (to) put me through school.
我想找到一份兼职工作帮助自己完成学业。
②Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.
今日事，今日毕。
③Why is it that you've come out against the proposal he put_forward
为什么你要反对他提出的建议呢？
3．speed up (使)加速
[教材原句]　Newsflas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h: A new service has just opened between Beijing and Dalian and this has speeded up travel between the two cities.
新闻快讯：在北京和大连之间刚刚开通了一项新的列车服务，这加速了两个城市之间的旅行。
①Having realiz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed that opposite party look difference, she lowered her head speeding up the footsteps.
察觉对方眼神异样， 她低头加快了脚步。
speed n．　　　　　　　 　 速度；进度
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at a speed of ... 以……速度
with all speed 尽快地
pick up speed 加速
②Suddenly, a bike rush ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed out of the lane at_high_speed. We crashed into each other.
忽然一辆自行车高速驶出胡同，我们撞车了。
③We're driving at_a_speed_of about 50 miles each hour.
我们以每小时大约50英里的速度驾车前进。
[链接高考]
(2011·山东高考)They are b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roadening the bridge to ______the flow of traffic.
A．put off B．speed up
C．turn on D．work out
解析：选B　句意：他们正在拓宽 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )大桥，以加速车流。speed up the flow of traffic“加速车流”，符合句意。put off“推迟”；turn on“打开”；work out“解决，算出”。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．I'm sorry. The guest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is in the restaurant. May I put you through to the restaurant and find him for you
2．We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put_off.
3．It is already 4 o'clock, but no one has turned_up yet.
4．I've filled_in this form incorrectly.Can I hand it in now
5．Now, children, you must split_up into two groups for this game.
6．As is known ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to all, development arises_from the contradictions inside a thing.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·武汉高三调研)In Disn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eyland, every year about 800,000 plants are replaced because Disneyland refuses to ________signs asking his “guests” not to step on them.
A．put down B．put out
C．put off D．put up
解析：选D　句意：在迪士尼乐园，每 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )年有大约80万的植物要重新栽植，因为迪士尼乐园拒绝竖起让游客不要践踏植物的牌子。put down“写下，记下”；put out“熄灭，扑灭”；put off“推迟”；put up“竖立”。根据句意可知D项正确。
2．(2014·盐城模拟)—I don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t think I can go there with you as planned because something urgent has ________.
—What a shame!
A．come up B．cleared up
C．stayed up D．linked up
解析：选A　句意：“我想我不能按照计划和你一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起去了，因为发生了一些紧急的事。”“多么遗憾啊！”come up“出现”，符合句意。clear up“整理，收拾”；stay up“熬夜”；link up“连接”。
3．(2014·阜阳一中检测)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Internet is widely used, which ________ the development of English.
A．speeds up　　　　　　 B．takes over
C．gets across D．turns to
解析：选A　句意：网络被广泛运 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用，这加快了英语的发展。speed up“加速”，符合句意。take over“移交”；get across“(使)被理解”；turn to“转向，求助于”。
1．So, why_not_take a trip on the oldest underground system today
那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？
Why not do sth.？是Why don't you do sth.？的省略形式，意为“为什么不……？”，是表示建议的常用句型。
①Why not get t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the meat of the literature and stop talking about symbolism.(2013·浙江高考阅读D)
为什么不直击文学的重要内容而停止谈论象征手法。
表示“建议”的常见句型还有：
Let's do ...　　　　　　　　　 让我们做……吧。
Shall we do ... 让我们做……，好吗？
Would you like to do ... 你想要(愿意)做……吗？
Will you please do ... 请你做……，好吗？
What (How) about doing ... 做……怎么样？
I suggest that sb.(should) do ... 我建议某人做……
You'd better (not) do ... 你最好(不)做……
②Shall we determine what we are going to do next
我们来确定下一步该做什么好吗？
③You'd_better_not_bre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ak_your_word,_otherwise, nobody will believe you.
你最好不要食言，否则没人会相信你。
2．It_is_up_to_all_of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_us_road_users_to_make_sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.
靠注意道路安全来确保避免事故，这就取决于我们大家，即道路使用者。
It is up to sb.to do sth.为固定句式，多出现在口语中，意为“由某人决定做某事；做某事是某人的职责”。
①Life provides you with time and space. It's up to you to fill it.
生命只给你时间与空间。如何填满它是你自己的事。
②Call in, or ring us up. It's_up_to_you.
你可以亲自来访， 也可以打电话， 由你定。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．你喜欢去海滨或是其他什么地方吗？
Would_you_like_to_go to the beach or anywhere
2．他们到了仓库，仓库的前面坐着一个小男孩。
They arrived at a farmhouse, in_front_of_which_sat a small boy.
3．要不要做兼职由你自己决定。
It's_up_to_you whether you do a part time job or not.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·合肥质检)—M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay I have a close contact with the flowers in the garden
— ________.But be careful of the bees.
A．It just depends B．It's up to you
C．Sorry you can't D．Glad to hear that
解析：选B　根据“But be caref ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul of the bees.”可知应选B, It's up to you“由你来决定”。It just depends“视情况而定”；Sorry you can't “对不起，你不能”；Glad to hear that “很高兴听到那个消息”。
2．(2014·泰州三所重点中学联考)—It's a long time since I saw my sister.
—________ her this weekend
A．Why not visit B．Why not to visit
C．Why not visiting D．Why don't visit
解析：选A　句意：“我很久 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )没见我的姐姐了。”“为什么这周不去看看她呢？”Why not do ...？“为什么不……？”为常用句型。若选D项，应在don't后加you。
动词短语
1．(2014·徐州高三调研)If ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) appearance did not count, why would people ________ for such interviews
A．stay up B．hold up
C．pick up D．dress up
解析：选D　句意：如果外表不重 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要的话，那么为什么人们还要精心打扮后去参加面试呢？stay up“熬夜，深夜不睡”；hold up“延迟，阻碍”；pick up“捡起，收拾，整理”；dress up“盛装打扮，精心打扮”。
2．(2014·金华一中期末)It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is difficult to ________ a conversation with someone who only says “Yes” and “No”．
A．keep up B．take up
C．make