2015《三维设计》高考英语（江苏专用）大一轮复习配套讲义：选修八 Unit 3　The world of colours and light（单词集释+短语集释+句型集释）

Unit 3　The world of colours and light
　第二层级——背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅
1．The Students' Unio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n in our school conducted a survey among all the students.
我们学校的学生会在所有学生之间进行了一次调查。
2．It is on whether we should learn English.
它是关于是否我们应该学习英语的。
3．They think learning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English is one of the demands of modern society.他们认为学习英语是现代社会的要求之一。
4．It will do good to our future career.
它有益于我们未来的职业。
5．Others are against the idea.
其他人反对这个主意。
6．They say that learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing English is useless and is a waste of energies.他们说学英语不但没用而且是一种精力的浪费。
7．We are supposed to learn English well.
我们理应学好英语。
8．A good comm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and of English means more opportunities in the future.精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。,
1．使用宾语从句连接1、2句
The_Students'_Union ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_in_our_school_conducted_a_survey_among_all_the_students_on_whether_we_should_learn_English.
2．使用and连接3、4句
They_think_learni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng_English_is_one_of_the_demands_of_modern_society_and_will_do_good_to_our_future_career.
3．使用分词短语连接5、6句
Others_are_agains ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t_the_idea,_saying_that_learning_English_is_useless_and_is_a_waste_of_energy.
4．使用because连接7、8句
We_are_supposed_to_lea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rn_English_well_because_a_good_command_of_English_means_more_opportunities_in_the_future.
选用“what's wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se, however, in my opinion, as the survey shows”过渡词句衔接成文。
Last week, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he Students' Union in our school conducted a survey among all the students on whether we should learn English.As_the_survey_shows,_most of the students say yes, for they think learning English is one of the demands of modern society and will do good to our future career.However,_others are against the idea, saying that learning English is useless and is a waste of energy.What's_worse,_they feel learning English is nothing but a burden.In_my_opinion,_we are supposed to learn English well because a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．Those who work and save should have their just reward (回报).
2．Spray (向……喷洒) pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts heavily enough to see liquid dropping from leaves.
3．Is it necessary to buy a souvenir (纪念品) when you go traveling
4．Guilin is known throughout the world for its scenery (风景)．
5．The boy who won t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he scholarship (奖学金) was a quite outstanding student.
6．Each student di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pped (蘸) a finger into the mixture, sucked it and made a face.
7．You know, my shirt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s will wrinkle (起皱褶) if they aren't folded right away.
8．The magazine bec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omes a cultural medium (媒介) of communication between the two peoples.
9．The annual output (产量) of the steel plant amounts to 500,000 tons.
10．Henan Province i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the major birthplace (发源地) of Chinese civilization.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．This palace i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s an example of early ancient Chinese architecture (architect)．
2．They called for a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssurances that the government is committed (commit) to its education policy.
3．I was overlooked re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peatedly, to such an extent that I became completely disgusted (disgusting)．
4．It is said t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat the media (medium) were accused of influencing the final decision.
5．The weather is ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry changeable (change) at this time of year , which makes me bored.
6．In the dusk of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e moonless and starry (star) night, lights from windows shone vividly.
7．Just contact a tra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vel agency (agent), and they will do all the necessary things for you.
8．My favorite team is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the Spainish (Spain) Team, while my brother's favorite team is Brazil Team.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．A new dormitory ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was built to accommodate the fresh students, that is, the fresh students will be offered accommodation.(accommodation)
2．He is good at ora ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l calculation,_and can calculate without the slightest error. (calculate)
3．Tom applied for ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)
1．Please lay_out (铺开) all the clothes you want to take on holiday.
2．He showed me the pictures he had cut_out_of (剪下) the magazine.
3．So_far (迄今为止) w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e have done a lot to build a low carbon economy, but it is far from ideal. We have to work still harder.
4．Experts now put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the possible value of the artwork at upwards_of (超过)$150 million.
5．The cook washed the meat and cut_it_up (切碎) for the pie.
6．Listening comes first. Don't worry, have_a_go_at (试一试) it.
7．Come on. I really want you to try_out (试用) this new product.
8．I don't like that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) new dictionary; in_addition (另外), it's too expensive.
9．They experim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ented_with (用……做试验)new methods of teaching and succeeded.
10．This week ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he will be_off_to (动身去) Beijing after a short stop over in Turkey.
【短语归纳】
1．experiment with ...　　　 用……做试/实验
2．be off to 动身去……
3．range from ...to ... 从……到……(变化)
4．upwards of 在……以上，超过
5．cut up 切碎
6．lay out 布置，设计；铺开
7．cut sth.out (of sth.) 剪出，剪下
8．have a go (at) 试一试
9．try out 试用
10．in addition 而且，另外
11．so far 到目前为止
12．put on 上演；穿上
1．Hardly had we left ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。
[解读]　hardly ...when .. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
[仿写]　飞机一着陆，人们就跑过去了。
Hardly had the plane landed when people ran towards it.
2．After his graduation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making him famous nationwide.
他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。
[解读]　现在分词短语作结果状语。
[仿写]　他突然刹车，使得前轮打了滑。
He braked suddenly, causing_the_front_wheels to skid.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．commit vt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
[高考佳句]　The sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ools that I visit in Nottlingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment.(2012·福建高考阅读E)
我在诺丁汉市参观的学校有富有经验的员工，他们致力于给孩子们营造一个充满关爱、激励的学习环境。
(1)commit an error (fault)/a crime/suicide做错事/犯罪/自杀　　　　　　　　
commit oneself/sb.to (doing) sth.
承诺(做)某事/保证某人做某事
commit to (doing) sth.
答应/承诺(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
(2)commitment n. 承诺；奉献
①He that commits a fault thinks everyone speaks of it.
做贼心虚。
②I must go. I ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve_committed_myself_to the club tonight and the members are expecting me.
我得走了，我已经答应今晚去俱乐部，会员们正等着我呢。
[熟词生义]　猜测句中commit的含义
③The court committed the woman to a mental hospital.
A．将……托付给　　　　B．承诺　　　　C．投入
答案：A
2．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.给以酬劳，奖赏
[高考佳句]　While both men ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.(2012·北京高考)
在压力之下，尽管男性和女性都往往注重奖赏而忽视后果，但他们对冒险的反应却被证明是不同的。
①Fortune often rewa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rds with interest those who have patience to wait for her.
只要有耐心，总会走好运。
(1)reward sb.with sth.　 用……报答/回报某人
reward sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事奖赏某人
(2)in reward (for) 作为(对……的)报酬
as a reward for 作为对……报酬
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.
为某事而给某人报酬
②As_a_reward_for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.
她因为通过了考试，父母给她买了一辆新自行车作为奖励。
③The owner has offered a reward for the recovery of the stolen goods.
失主已经悬赏寻找被窃物品。
3．disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的
[高考佳句]　Upsetting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.(2013·安徽高考阅读D)
用未签名的消息使人们厌烦是残酷的、令人讨厌的。
(1)disgust vt.　　　　　　　 使生气；使恶心
n．[U] 厌恶，反感；愤慨
to one's disgust 使某人气愤/反感的是
in disgust 厌恶地，气愤地
(2)disgusted adj. 厌恶的；憎恶的
be disgusted at/by/with 对……感到反感/厌恶
be disgusted to find/hear/see ... 发现/听到/看到……很气愤
①Sam threw his books down in disgust and stormed out of the room.
萨姆反感地扔下书，气愤地冲出了房间。
②I headed down the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )street and suddenly, to_my_disgust,_found tears running down my face.
我一路向前走着，让我无地自容的是突然发现眼泪在脸上肆意横流。
③I was_disgusted_to_hear what he said.
听到他说的话我很气愤。
[名师指津]　disgusting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )与disgusted都可用作形容词，但disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”，常用来修饰物；disgusted意为“感到厌恶的”，常用来修饰人。
4．dip vt.&vi.浸，蘸
[教材原句]　For example ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), one end of a tin can be dipped into paint and used to make circles on a piece of card.
例如，一个罐的一端可以用来蘸颜料，用来在卡片上画圆圈。
(1)dip ...into ...　　　　 把……浸入……
dip ... in 把……浸入……中
(2)dip into 把手伸进；浏览
①After saying this, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) he dipped his finger into the jar and put it into his mouth.
说完，他把手指放进罐子里，又拿出来放进嘴里。
②I haven't read the report properly — I've only dipped_into it.
我还没有好好阅读这份报告——我只是浏览了一下。
二、间考词汇自识记
1．calculate vt.&vi.计算；推测
It's calculated that....　 据估算……
It has been calculated that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.
据估算去年至少丧失了47 000个工作。
2．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
make/provide accommodations for为……提供食宿
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·盐城高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )检测)He ________ his gains and losses of money and the result was a minus.
A．calculated　　　　　　　　　 B．considered
C．completed D．controlled
解析：选A　句意：他计算了收益和亏 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )损，所得结果是个负数。calculate“计算，核算”，符合句意。consider“考虑”；complete“完成”；control“控制”。
2．(2014·长沙高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)Some countries have laws against traditional cyber crimes ________， but others have no laws against cyber crimes at all.
A．committed B．commit
C．being committed D．committing
解析：选A　句意：一些国家立法禁止 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )传统的网络犯罪，然而其他的一些国家根本没有这样的法律。commit crimes意为“犯罪”，所以此处用committed作crimes的后置定语，故选A。
3．(2014·宿迁高三模拟)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aking up a piece of soap on the table, he ________ it into water and began lathering (涂皂沫) his face.
A．dropped B．dipped
C．pushed D．burst
解析：选B　句意：他拿起桌上的一块 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )肥皂，蘸在水里，开始往脸上涂皂沫。dip“浸，蘸”，符合句意。drop“降低”；push“推”；burst“爆炸”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
　reward多棱镜
1．一句多译
我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。
①I sent him a book in_reward_for his help.
②I rewarded_him_with a book for his help.
③As_a_reward_for his help, I sent him a book.
2. Anyone pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )viding information which leads to the recovery of the painting will be ________.
A．awarded B．rewarded
C．gained D．included
解析：选B　句意：任何人只要提 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )供找回这幅画的信息都将受到奖赏。reward“奖赏，奖励”，符合题意。award“授予”；gain“获得”；include“包括”。
　disgust面面观
1．完成句子
①影片中的暴力场面实在让我反感。
The scene of violence in the film really disgusted_me.
②使他大为气愤的是，她连一句道谢的话都没说就离开了。
To_his_disgust,_she left without even a word of thanks.
2．There was a ________ expression on the child's face when he saw the ________ scene.
A．disgusting; disgusting B．disgusted; disgusting
C．disgusting; disgusted D．disgusted; disgusted
解析：选B　a disgusted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )expression/look“一副感到厌倦的表情”；the disgusting scene“令人厌恶的场景”。
1．cut up 切碎
[教材原句]　Cut u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p some tomatoes for eyes, pieces of cheese for ears, and a mushroom for a nose.
将一些西红柿切碎作为眼睛，奶片作为耳朵，一个蘑菇作为鼻子。
①Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
cut in　　　　　　　 插嘴
cut across 抄近路穿过；横越
cut down 砍倒；缩减
cut off 切断；割掉；截断(退路等)
cut sth.out (of sth.) 剪出，剪下；删去
②Mary cut_in quickly before Johnny could open his mouth.
玛丽不等约翰尼张口说话，赶紧插嘴。
③Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.
不要忘恩负义。
2．lay out 布置，设计；铺开，展开
[教材原句]　You c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an lay all the pieces out on the card before you stick them down.
你可以在粘贴之前把所有的贝壳都铺放在卡片上。
①It is the way anc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ient architects lay out things in the gardens that makes them unique.
是古代建筑设计花园景物的方式使它们独一无二。
lay sb.off　　　　　　　 裁员，解雇
lay sth.aside 把……放在一边；储存
lay down 中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)；放下
It is laid down that ... 根据规定……
②I heard a rumor th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the company is going to lay_off a hundred people.
我听到传言说公司将裁员一百人。
③Now lay aside all these thoughts and look to the future.
现在还是抛开这些所有的想法向前看。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　　　
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．It's pretty cold this morning. You'd better put_on your coat.
2．We have tried_out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a period of cooperation and come to know each other better.
3．Mother is cutting_up the chicken in order to make some soup.
4．While delicious, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y tend to be expensive so you can have_a_go_at making your own.
5．Once the proj ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ect is completed, they are_off_to the next opportunity.
6．It is important ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that our plan must be well laid_out before we begin to work.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·苏北四市调研 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Someone has upset the photographs I ________ so carefully, which made me quite angry.
A．laid off B．laid out
C．laid down D．laid aside
解析：选B　句意：有人弄乱了我精心布置的照片 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，这让我非常生气。lay off“裁员，解雇”；lay out“布置，设计”；lay down“放下”；lay aside“把……放在一边”。
2．(2014·淮北高三模拟)Can yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u see that this picture and the article are ________ from the same newspaper
A．cut up B．cut out
C．cut down D．cut off
解析：选B　句意：你能看出这张照片和这篇文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是从同一张报纸上剪下来的吗？cut out“剪出，剪下”，符合句意。cut up“切碎”；cut down“砍倒”；cut off“割掉，切断”。
1．Hardly had we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。
hardly ...when ...“一…… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when 引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
①We had hardly put down our luggage when the train started off.
我们还没来得及放下行李，火车就开了。
②Hardly had_we_begun the climb when the snow began to come down.
我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。
[联想归纳]　表示“一…… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )就……”而且用法类似的结构还有：①no sooner ... than ...; ②scarcely ... when ...；
③directly ... when ...
2．After his g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making_him_famous_nationwide.
他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。
句中 making him famous nationwide为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，常置于句尾。
①At the right dept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h, these blood filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.(2013·浙江高考阅读B)
在合适的深度，这些流动着血液的静脉没有周围的皮肤颜色红，相比之下，使静脉看起来是蓝色的。
②He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident.
他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。
[名师指津]　现在分词作结果状语时表示必 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )然的结果，前面可加thus; 动词不定式作结果状语时表示出乎意料的结果，常被only或just所修饰。
③I rushed to the door, only_to_discover that it was locked.
我冲到门边，却发现门已经被锁死了。
[链接高考]
(2012·天津高考)He got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) up late and hurried to his office, ________ the breakfast untouched.
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
解析：选C　句意：他起晚了，匆忙赶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )往办公室，没有吃早饭。主语he与leave之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果。不定式作结果状语时表示意想不到的结果，故排除B项；leave这一动作并未发生在谓语动作之前，排除D项。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．No sooner had I heard the knock than I opened the door.
→Hardly/Direct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly/Scarcely had I heard the knock when I opened the door.
2．More highways ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have been built in China and made it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
→More highways hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
→More highways hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e been built, which makes it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·芜湖一中高三考试) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Changes ________ to the construction laws in Los Angeles have strengthened the city's buildings and highways，________ them more resistant to quakes.
A．making; made B．being made; to make
C．made; made D．made; making
解析：选D　made to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )construction laws in Los Angeles是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰changes，make与changes之间是逻辑上的动宾关系；后半句是v. ing分词短语作结果状语，逗号前面的内容与make之间是逻辑上的主动关系。
2．(2014·厦门质检)Hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly ________ twelve when they realized that it was too late to catch the last train.
A．the clock had struck
B．the clock had been struck
C．had the clock been struck
D．had the clock struck
解析：选D　hardly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ...when ...表示“一……就……”。否定词hardly放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。时钟敲响应用主动语态，故选D。
倒装
1．(2013·长沙一中模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)________ going to the program If You Are the One, he was rather concerned about being turned down in public.
A．Much as he liked B．However he liked
C．As he liked much D．As much he liked
解析：选A　句意：尽管他非常愿意去(参加)《非诚勿扰》这个节目，但他很担心在公众面前被拒绝。as意为“尽管”时，句子要倒装，故选A。
2．(2014·江苏南通第一次质 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量检查)So quickly ________ is a possibility today may be a reality tomorrow.
A．are science and technology advancing that
B．science and technology advancing are that
C．science and technology are advancing what that
D．are science and technology advancing that what
解析：选D　句意：科学技术进步得如 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )此之快以至于今天的可能性在明天也许就变成了现实。“so＋adv.”位于句首，句子要部分倒装，故句中的助动词are应提到主语的前面。so ... that 引导一个结果状语从句，在这个从句中含有一个主语从句，主语从句缺主语，故用what引导。
3．(2014·临淄中学二次月考)I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have been living in the United States for 20 years, but seldom ________ so lonely as now.
A．have I felt B．I had felt
C．I have felt D．had I felt
解析：选A　表示否定意义的副词se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ldom在句中作状语置于句首时，句子采用部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词等置于主语前。根据now和前一分句的时态可知，空处应用现在完成时。
4．(2014·连云港高三质检)___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.
A．Out did the boy rush
B．Out rushed the boy
C．Out the boy rushed
D．Rushed the boy out
解析：选B　句意：听到可怕的声音后，小男孩穿着拖鞋就冲了出来。副词out提前，要用完全倒装结构，故选B。
5．(2014·海南四校高三联考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) Only by practicing a lot ________ our English well enough to communicate with foreigners.
A．we can learn B．can we learn
C．learn we D．we learn
解析：选B　“only＋状语”放在句首需要部分倒装。故选B。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·安徽师大 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )附中月考)—Can you keep an eye on my bag, Jack I just want to use the bathroom.
—________. It'll be safe with me.
A．I think so　　　　　　　 B．It's my pleasure
C．Go ahead D．You're welcome
解析：选C　根据第二句答语“It'll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be safe with me”可知，答话人同意为对方看着她的包，故用go ahead表示“去吧”。go ahead“(尤指经某人允许后)开始做；着手干”。
2. (2014·江苏四市调研) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I was disgusted ________ the picture on Page 1 of Sunday's feature section.
A．seeing B．to see
C．to have seen D．to be seen
解析：选B　句意：看到周日特写专 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )栏第一页上的照片，我感到很气愤。be disgusted to do sth.“很生气做某事”，不定式作原因状语。
3．(2014·长沙质检 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Hardly ________ the phone ________ I was told that the hotel had been booked up.
A．I had picked up; when
B．had I picked up; than
C．had I picked up; when
D．I had picked up; than
解析：选C　hardly .. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). when ...，表示“一……就……”；当hardly位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且主句要用过去完成时。分析句子结构可知应选C。
4．(2014·常州高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )His early works, mostly in the traditional Chinese style, reflected the________ of eastern China.
A．sight B．scenery
C．view D．scene
解析：选B　句意：他的早期作品，主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要是以传统的中国风格创作的，反映了中国东部的自然风光。sight指眼睛所看到的景象；scenery指自然风光；view指从某处俯视的情景；scene指特定环境的景色。
5．(2014·安徽名校联考)Steve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Hawking's conclusion about black holes is a little ________， but it has been accepted by most of the world.
A．realistic B．abstract
C．contemporary D．appropriate
解析：选B　句意：虽然史蒂芬·霍 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )金关于黑洞的理论有点抽象，但已被世界上大多数人所接受。abstract“抽象的”，符合句意。realistic“现实的”； contemporary“同时代的，当代的”；appropriate“恰当的”。
6．(2014·淮安楚州高三质检)We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) enjoyed the atmosphere ________ we could talk in a friendly way.
A．that B．where
C．when D．which
解析：选B　句意：我们都喜欢那种氛围，在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )其中我们能以一种友好的方式进行交流。the atmosphere是先行词，表示抽象的地点，应用where。
7．(2014·湖南六校模拟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))I don't know how long ________ will take the workers to build the bridge.
A．it B．that
C．this D．one
解析：选A　句意：我不知 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道工人们要多久才能建完这座桥。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
8．(2014·陕西咸阳四校抽样检测)W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen we entered, we found lying on the ground ________ along with her parents.
A．was a girl B．were a girl
C．a girl was D．a girl were
解析：选A　把found后面的成分变为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )陈述语序应该是a girl along with her parents was lying on the ground，主语是a girl，所以谓语动词用单数；lying与地点状语on the ground提前，后面应该用全部倒装，故选A。
9．(2014·淮北高三模拟)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )architect has committed herself________ the design within a month.
A．for finishing B．to finish
C．to finishing D．at finishing
解析：选C　commit oneself to“承诺……”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故选C。
10．(2014·淮安高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Tom got nothing in ________ for his kindness, ________ made him very sad.
A．award; as B．reward; which
C．prize; which D．medal; as
解析：选B　句意：汤姆的好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )心没有得到任何回报，这使他非常伤心。in reward for为固定搭配，“作为……的报酬”；which在此引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这/那”，先行词为前面整个句子。as引导非限制性定语从句时表示“正如，就像”，与句意不符。
11．(2014·宝鸡模拟)Uns ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atisfied________with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.
A．as was he B．as he was
C．he was as D．was he as
解析：选B　句意：虽然他对那 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )份工作的报酬不满意，但是他为了得到一些工作经验还是接受了它。在让步状语从句中，可以将从句中的表语提前，构成“表语＋though/as＋主语＋...”结构。
12．(2014·浙江金华高三模拟)T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yphoon Fitow hit Zhejiang Province in October,2013, ________ serious flooding.
A．caused B．having caused
C．causing D．to cause
解析：选C　句意：2013年10月台风菲特 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )袭击了浙江省，结果造成严重的水灾。此处用非谓语动词作结果状语，而且是表示一种必然性的结果，故选C。
13．(2014·连云港 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)I was________ in the middle of my call because I had no more coins to put in the box.
A．broken in B．cut off
C．hung up D．put down
解析：选B　句意：因为我无硬币可投了，所以我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的电话被中途切断了。cut off“切断”，符合句意。break in“强行进入，插嘴”，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；hang up“挂断电话”；put down“取下，写下”。
14．(2014·安徽省级示范 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高中名校联考)As________ birthplace of Huaxia civilization, Xi'an is________ city with a long history and abundant cultural relics.
A．the; a B．a; a
C．/; a D．the; /
解析：选A　句意：作为华夏文明的发源地， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )西安是一座拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化底蕴的城市。birthplace后面有of短语作其后置定语，且“发源地”具有唯一性，故birthplace在本句中表特指，用定冠词the；第二空后的city为可数名词，但“拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化底蕴”的城市并非只有西安，故第二空应该表泛指，需用不定冠词。
15．(2014·江苏灌南高级中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学模拟)In order to discover the crops most suited to the soil, Dr. Johnson as well as his assistants________ various kinds of grain.
A．are experimenting with
B．is experimenting with
C．are experimented with
D．is experimented with
解析：选B　句意：为了找到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最适合该土壤的农作物，Johnson博士和他的助手们正在试验各种各样的谷物。“名词＋as well as＋名词(代词)”结构，其谓语动词应根据as well as前面的名词来确定，故可排除A、C两项；由语境可知，此处应用主动语态，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2014·徐州高三适应性考试)Ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve you ever not wanted to do something so badly that you would rather die than go Well, that's how I __1__ about joining Madcaps, a mothers and daughters' club assisting philanthropies (慈善事业)．But now I believe that you __2__ open up your mind to things because eventually you might __3__ end up enjoying them.
“It's a waste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of time，” I said when my mom told me that I had to join Madcaps, and then when she said I had to __4__ at a homeless shelter, I thought this just could not be __5__.
We got there late, of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) course, and the security guard led us to the kitchen __6__ we ran into 48 other fellow Madcaps members.I looked around for my mom but she was not there.Damn, I was __7__！ When the man in __8__ came and asked for 3 mothers to work outside the __9__ to clean up the plates, my mom just happened to volunteer, leaving me to __10__ food with others.
Soon the __11__ families started to walk in and a little girl walked up and pointed to the food I was __12__.After I gave her the cold sandwich, she nodded in a form of saying __13__， and then walked to join her family at a large table.
As she walked a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way, I thought of how much I __14__. I go to the top school, I have a great house, and I have a warm meal every night.It is that little girl who made me __15__ how lucky I am.After that moment I had a change of __16__. Now, I love Madcaps and don't miss one meeting.I have __17__ being socially awkward and now have many friends.And this year I am sure I will do __18__ the required 20 hours of philanthropies.
I believe that if ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you have an __19__ mind about things, you can accomplish more and become a better rounded person.I believe sometimes you can make a difference just __20__ doing one thing you don't want to do.
语篇解读：有时你只是做了一件你不想做的事，就可以有很大的变化。
1．A.cared B．joked
C．felt D．doubted
解析：选C　结合语境可知，作者在此处谈论的是加入Madcaps俱乐部的感受，故C项正确。
2．A.should B．would
C．may D．can
解析：选A　句中的But表明有了一番经历之后，作者认为应该敞开心扉，故选should。
3．A.also B．just
C．not D．still
解析：选B　因为最终你可能从中得到享受。might/may just表示“可能，也许”。
4．A.report B．live
C．donate D．volunteer
解析：选D　根据上文的“assis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting philanthropies (慈善事业)”可知，此处应选volunteer，表示“义务做，自愿做”。
5．A.better B．sooner
C．easier D．worse
解析：选D　根据上下文内容可知，此时作者不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )喜欢做这份慈善工作。this just could not be worse是否定词与比较级连用的形式，表示最高级的含义，意为“这真是最糟的了”。
6．A.where B．when
C．until D．because
解析：选A　在厨房里，我们遇到了Madcaps俱乐部的其他48个成员。where在句中作地点状语。
7．A.shy B．late
C．alone D．hopeless
解析：选C　上文的“but she was not there”说明此时作者是孤单一人，故选alone。
8．A.need B．preparation
C．store D．charge
解析：选D　根据下文可知，此处表示负责人来了，故选charge。
9．A.kitchen B．house
C．club D．shelter
解析：选A　根据6空前面的the kitchen可知此处应选A。
10．A.pack B．purchase
C．serve D．bake
解析：选C　作者的妈妈被叫到厨房外面洗盘子，留下作者和其他人一块儿提供食物。serve food表示“提供食物”。
11．A.poor B．homeless
C．voluntary D．local
解析：选B　根据4空后面的homeless可知B项正确。
12．A.playing with B．putting away
C．looking for D．holding out
解析：选D　作者在给这些无家可归的家庭分发食物，故选D项。hold out sth.表示“递出东西，提供东西”。
13．A.hello B．sorry
C．thanks D．okay
解析：选C　根据“she nodded”可知，小女孩接受食物的时候点头表示感谢，故选C。
14．A.had B．earned
C．brought D．did
解析：选A　下文列举的the top school、a great house、a warm meal都是作者所拥有的，故选had。
15．A.wonder B．complain
C．realize D．doubt
解析：选C　是那个小女孩让作者意识到了自己有多幸运。故选C。
16．A.heart B．luck
C．identity D．taste
解析：选A　根据上下文可知，从那时起，作者的内心发生了变化。
17．A.believed in B．learnt from
C．got over D．thought about
解析：选C　句中的“now have many friends”说明作者克服了社交障碍，故选got over。
18．A.more than B．nothing but
C．anything but D．less than
解析：选A　今年，“我”相信“我”会做比要求的20个小时还要多的慈善工作，more than符合语境。
19．A.intelligent B．abstract
C．empty D．open
解析：选D　2空后面的“open up your mind to things”是线索提示，故D项正确。
20．A.at B．by
C．upon D．to
解析：选B　“我”相信，有时你只是做一件你不想做的事，就可以有很大的变化。by doing ...在句中作方式状语。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2014·安徽师大附中高三模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )An older friend once gave me a piece of advice, “Enjoy the last few weeks of college，” she said, “since college is the best time of your life.”
This was not the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst time I'd heard such a statement, but with graduation fast coming close, her words especially struck me. It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one's life peak at only 22 years of age, but in her opinion, college had been one of the best times in my life so far. I made friends, took classes, and learned a great deal about myself. But I was also excited for the time after college — moving to a new city, starting a new job, and becoming a “real” person. I hoped that my great dreams were practical.
Then, last week ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude, in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views. I noticed that none of them considered college as the “best” time of their life. Not all of them went to college, but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life. They said some of their favorite times were raising their children, traveling after retirement, and even enjoying their present time and age.
Enjoying one's pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sent time and age was a clear theme of the interviews. A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend; I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100. I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill, or even leveling off.
I am sure tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life. We will not just look backwards or miss our college days. We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。都说大学是人生最辉煌的时光，但文中的作者却给出了不同的观点。
1．Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with
A．College is the best time of one's life.
B．Twenties were the best time of the old people.
C．One should make the best of all situations.
D．One should not look backwards at their college time.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三句“A piece of advice given by the women ... making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend ...”可知，答案C符合文意。
2．In the second paragraph, the writer wants to say ________.
A．her achievements in college would be the peak of her success
B．she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college
C．she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation
D．she is satisfied ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with the college life but is hopeful for the future
解析：选D　段落大意题。根据文章第二段最后三句可知，作者对现在的大学生活很满意，但同时对未来也充满了期待，故答案D符合文意。
3．The column the writ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er read is mainly about those old women's ________.
A．best time of life at youth
B．life experiences and views
C．different opinions about life
D．favorite time with best friends
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的“... in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views”可知，答案B正确。
4．By saying “I refu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill, or even leveling off” (in Paragraph 4), the writer really means ________.
A．she will not spend the rest of her time at college
B．she will not just obtain a college level certificate
C．she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished
D．She will not be content with the life in the future
解析：选C　句意理解题。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据对文章最后一段的整体理解可知，作者并不满足现有的成就，而是要继续下去，把整个人生都活得精彩、生动。由此可推知，答案C符合文意。
5．Which of the following words can be used to describe the writer
A．Ambitious.　　　　　　　 B．Practical.
C．Imaginative. D．Proud.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据对文章的整 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体理解，尤其是最后一段可推知，作者是一个不满足于现状的年轻人，是一个积极进取的人。故答案A“有抱负的”符合文意。
Unit 4　Films and film events
　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足
(2012·山东高考)假设你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是新华中学的学生李华，不久前在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。校报请你写一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介绍你课外学习英语的经验。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文：
1．参加英语角的益处；2.坚持写英语日记的作用；3.英文阅读网站(EnjoyReading)对你的帮助。
注意：1.词数：120～150；2.可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
(Ⅰ)单词拼写
1．Someone wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o is suffering from sunstroke feels dizzy (眩晕的)and has a high temperature.
2．The manage ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r is said to have arrived back from Paris where he had met some European business partners (搭档)．
3．The country is importing a broad (广泛的) range of skilled personnel.
4．If it does happen, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e tend to feel ignored, overlooked (忽视) and unappreciated.
5．The hotel's sheet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and towel are sent to the laundry (洗衣店) every day.
6．Attending the three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hour meeting every Tuesday is a tiresome (令人厌烦的) business.
7．Starting wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th an anecdote (趣闻) or a joke warms up the audience when giving a speech.
8．Our purpose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is not only to conquer (征服) nature but also to remake nature.
9．Tiny beads of sweat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )began to appear on his forehead (前额) after taking exercise.
10．The road and the railway are parallel (平行的) to each other.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The central governm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent will provide financial (finance) and technical support to protect historic villages.
2．She resembles (rese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mblance) her father facially, but in other respects she's not at all like him.
3．Parents can express ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a preference (prefer) for the school their children attend.
4．I send you my wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rmest congratulations (congratulate) on your success.
5．The police are o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffering a big reward for information about the robbery (rob)．
6．The represe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntatives (represent) pronounced against the decision made at the conference.
(Ⅲ)语境填词
1．The witnesses' st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atements contradicted each other and the facts remained unclear. In the court the witnesses gave two completely contradictory accounts.(contradict)
2．—Are you disappoint ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed at the disappointing news that our team was defeated
—Yes, to be honest, m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y disappointment is not the result but their performance.(disappoint)
3．What attracts me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to go there is that there are a lot of attractions there.(attraction)
1．Most people will give_thought_to (认真考虑) life's important decisions.
2．These plants have_a_tendency_to (往往) grow in the more rural areas.
3．We are also awa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re_of (知道) the fact that competitiveness is also about the quality and creativity of the people.
4．Please refer_to (参考) the last page of the book for answers.
5．In doing your work, you must pay_attention_to (注意) ways and means.
6．Many people in mou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntainous area have_no_access_to (没有……机会) the Internet at home.
7．Although he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wants to make a hit, I think he hasn't got much to show_off (炫耀).
8．How does bein ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g in the majority compare with being in_the_minority (占少数)
9．His speech ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in_defence_of (为……辩护) the policy didn't carry much conviction.
10．Regardless_of (不管) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how often I correct him, he always makes the same mistake.
【短语归纳】
1．in defence of　　　　　　　 为……辩护；防卫
2．point out 指出
3．regardless of 不管
4．outside of 在……外面
5．in the minority 占少数
6．refer to 提到；参考；有关
7．pay attention to 注意
8．have no access to 没有……的机会/权利
9．show off 炫耀，卖弄
10．be aware of 知道，意识到
11．have a tendency to ... 有……倾向
12．give thought to 认真考虑，思考
1．Whether you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the best known award a film can receive.
不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。
[解读]　句中whether ...or ...为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
[仿写]　不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。
Whenever you are in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vited to do something, response is expected, whether_you_can_go_or_not.
2．However, he la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch, both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard — the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。
[解读]　both of whom引导非限制性定语从句。
[仿写]　她的两个兄弟都在苏格兰工作，他们每周都给她打电话。
Her brothers, both_of_whom work in Scotland, ring her up every week.
一、常考词汇细点拨
1．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露；露出，袒露
[教材原句]　Redford ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s acted in and directed many big Hollywood films, but wanted to expose the public to films made outside of the Hollywood system that ordinary people might have no access to otherwise.
雷德福曾出演并执导过许多好莱坞大片，但是他希望公众了解好莱坞以外的影片，否则普通观众可能无从看到这些影片。
(1)expose ... to ... 把……暴露在……，使……接触……
(2)exposed adj. (指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的
be exposed to　　 接触……；暴露于……中
(3)exposure n. 暴露
①The EP has no expo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed heating parts that can cause a fire.(2013·北京高考阅读A)
EP没有暴露可能引起火灾的加热部件。
②When exposed_to_s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tress,_in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically.
当我们遇到压力时，无论是何种压力，我们都会有机能和体能上的反应。
③As I grew olde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r and was exposed to more, my interests in the world of dance certainly varied.(2012·北京高考完形)
随着年龄的增长、阅历的丰富，我对舞蹈的兴趣当然也发生了变化。
④There is conv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )incing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
2．overlook vt.忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视
[教材原句]　At our festiva ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l, Hollywood films are in the minority, while films that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals, for example at Cannes, have a real chance of becoming champions.
在我们的电影节中，好莱坞电影只占少数，而在其他电影节上，比如戛纳电影节，可能被忽视的电影却大有夺魁的机会。
overlook sp.　　　　　　　　 俯视某地
overlook sb./sth. 忽视某人/事
overlook the fact that ... 忽略……的事实
①From our house on th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e hillside, we can overlook the whole of the harbor.
从我们在山腰的房子里，我们能俯瞰这港口的全景。
②It's easy to overlo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.(2013·天津高考阅读D)
从公司的朋友那里得到的快乐、我们喜欢住的地方的自由，甚至是健康都很容易被忽视。
[辨析比较]　overlook, ignore
试一试　选择以上单词填空
③Three phone c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alls came through and he didn't bother to answer them and ignored them all.
④Sometimes we are easy to overlook our own faults.
辨一辨　
overlook 常指由于匆忙或没注意到而忽视
ignore 指故意地不理睬某人、某物
3.preference n．[U] 偏爱，偏好；喜爱 [C]更喜欢的人(或物)
[高考佳句]　Bryso ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.(2013·重庆高考阅读E)
他说，布莱森是错误的，因为英国人对天气的偏爱与自然现象无关。
have a preference for　　　 更喜欢……
give (a) preference to 给……以优惠；优待
develop a preference for 养成对……的偏爱
in preference to 优先于，而不是
①I must say I have a strong preference for cycling to go to work.
应该说我更喜欢骑自行车上班。
②In consider ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing people for the job, we give_preference_to those with some experience.
在考虑这份工作的人选时，我们将优先考虑那些有一定工作经验的人。
[链接高考]
(2013·浙江高考)People dev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.
A．a; an　　　　　　　　　　 B．a; /
C．/; the D．the; an
解析：选A　a preference表示“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一种偏好”，develop a preference for“养成对……的偏爱”，故第一空用不定冠词a；at an early age是固定词组，意为“在很小的时候”，故选A。
4．attraction n．吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方/事物； 吸引，吸引力
[教材原句]　The skill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) with which these three become their characters is one of the film's main attractions.
他们三个担任的角色所需要的技巧是这部电影最吸引人的地方之一。
①The attraction of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e earth for other bodies is called the force of gravity.
地球对其他物体的吸引称为地心引力。
(1)a tourist attraction　　 旅游景点
(2)attract vt. 吸引，引起
attract sb.to sth. 吸引/引起某人对某事的兴趣
attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意
(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；诱人的
②Now the main use of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the Bird's Nest seems to have been as a tourist attraction.
现在鸟巢的主要功能似乎就是供人们观光游览。
③The launch of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Chang'e 3 lunar probe early on Dec. 2 morning, 2013, attracted_worldwide_attention.
2013年12月2日早晨发射的嫦娥3号月球探测器引起了全世界的关注。
5．disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴
[教材原句]　Also, it disap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )points me that several interesting scenes are not shown in the film.
此外，让我感到失望的是，好几个有趣的场景在电影中没有展现。
(1)disappointed adj.　　　　 感到失望的
be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而失望
be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed with sb. 对某人感到失望
(2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(3)disappointment n. 失望
(much) to one's disappointment/to one's (great) disappointment
使某人(大为)失望的是
①These jobs did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n't pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.(2013·安徽高考阅读E)
这些工作报酬不高，而且人们感到孤独、对城市的新生活感到失望。
②The film was bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ilt up to be a masterpiece, but I found it very disappointing.
这部影片被吹捧为杰作，可是我觉得令人失望。
③To_our_great_disappointment,_it rained on the day of the picnic.
使我们大失所望的是野餐那天下起雨来了。
[链接高考]
(2011·福建高考)—My teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) says she's canceling the class play.I just can't understand.
—________.You were looking forward to it.
A．It doesn't matter
B．It's very unwise of her
C．Don't worry about it
D．You must be disappointed
解析：选D　依据“You were looking forward to it.”可知，空处要表达的意思是“你肯定会失望的”。
二、间考词汇自识记
1．resemble vt.看起来像，类似，相似
resemble sb./sth. in sth.在某方面与某人/某物相似
She resembles her twin sister in appearance but not in character.
她和她的孪生姐姐外貌相似，性格却不同。
2．accumulate vt.积累，积聚vi.逐渐增加
By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.
她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。
[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. (2014·安徽名校第四次诊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )断性测试)One reason for her ________for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A．reference　　　　　　　　 B．preference
C．performance D．consequence
解析：选B　句意：她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )她能很方便地去商店、饭店这样的地方。preference“偏爱，喜爱”，符合句意。reference“参考”；performance“表演，演出”； consequence“后果”。
2．(2014·徐州高三检测)The Gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at Salt Lake is a great tourist ________， and draws a large number of visitors each year.
A．application B．attraction
C．appointment D．arrangement
解析：选B　句意：大盐湖是一个很好的旅游 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )景点，每年都吸引大批的游客前来参观。此处attraction用作可数名词，意为“有吸引力的地方”，符合句意。application“申请，应用”；appointment“约会，任命”；arrangement“安排，整理”。
3．(2014·宿迁质检)John went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) through the test paper once more carefully for fear that he would ________ any essential details.
A．betray B．abandon
C．overlook D．escape
解析：选C　句意：约翰仔细把试卷又检查了一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )遍，以免忽略了任何重要的细节。overlook“忽略”，符合句意。betray“背叛”；abandon“抛弃”；escape“避开，逃走，被忽略”。
Ⅱ.多维演练
　expose多棱镜
1．用expose的适当形式填空
①The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.
②The journali ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st is famous for his exposure of corruption within the government.
2．一句多译
真正的艺术家总能使他的学生接触好的艺术和音乐。
③A real artist can always expose_his_students_to_good_art_and_music.
④The students of a rea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l artist can always be_exposed_to_good_art_and_music.
3．(2014·山西第三次四校联考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Studies show that students often ________ to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.
A．exposing B．being exposed
C．to expose D．exposed
解析：选D　此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，因e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpose与students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动形式，排除A、C两项；此处不表示正在进行的动作，排除B项，故选D。
　disappoint面面观
1．介词填空
①I was much disappointed at/by the result of the game.
②I am greatly disappoi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nted in/with you — I really thought I could trust you!
③To his disappointmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, his parents didn't allow him to stay there long.
2．(2014·江苏前黄高级中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )模拟)From his ________ voice on the phone I know what his son did ________ him; in other words, his son is ________.
A．disappointed; disappointing; disappointing
B．disappointed; disappointed; disappointing
C．disappointing; disappointed; disappointed
D．disappointing; disappointing; disappointed
解析：选B　句意：我从电话中他那 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失望的声音得知他的儿子所做的事情令他失望，换句话说，他的儿子是令人失望的。第一空所填词disappointed“失望的”是形容词，作定语，用来描述人的感受；第二空所填词是动词，用动词的过去式作谓语；第三空填disappointing“令人失望的”作表语，用来描述某人或某事给人的一种感受。
1．in defence of 为……辩护；保卫
[教材原句]　Kathy, I d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on't like to argue, but in defence of the Venice Film Festival, I have to point out that we don't just have Hollywood films.
凯西，我不喜欢争论，但我得为威尼斯电影节说句公道话，我不得不指出我们不仅仅只是放映好莱坞电影。
①More and more women ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) today have learned to rise in defence of their legal rights.
现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。
(1)in one's defence ＝ in defence of sb.
　　　　　　　　　　　　 为某人辩护
(2)defend vt. 保卫；防守
defend ... from/against 保护……使不受……，为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫
②The dam was b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uilt to_defend the road from_being_washed away by the sea.
建筑这座堤坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲垮。
③The teacher showed us how to defend oneself best.
老师给我们演示了最有效的自卫方法。
2．give thought to 认真考虑，思考
[教材原句]　This shows th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the film makers did not give enough thought to who the audience of the film would be.
这表明影片制作人并没有充分考虑到电影的受众是谁。
①They need to give s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erious thought to how they can best adjust to such changes.
他们需要认真思考青少年如何能最好地适应这些变化。
at first thought　　　　　　 乍一想
at the thought of 一想到……(就)
on second thought(s) 经仔细考虑后
without a second thought 立即，马上；不假思索
be deep/lost in thought 陷入沉思
read sb.'s thoughts 看出某人的心思
②At first thought, the plan was quite practical.
乍一想，这一计划还相当实用。
③I saw him sitting on the bench of the park, lost_in_deep_thought.
我看见他在公园的长椅上坐着，陷入了沉思。
[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.选词填空
have a tendency to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， show off， regardless of， become aware of， give thought to， in defence of
1．All friendly people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are welcome here regardless_of their political faith.
2．We all respected hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s father, who gave his life in_defence_of our country.
3．I'm making a fool ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of myself trying to show_off before an expert like you.
4．There is stil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l a long way to go before everyone becomes_aware_of the problem.
5．Please give muc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h thought_to the suggestion, which I think is very reasonable.
6．When it comes to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dealing with daily obstacles, some people have_a_tendency_to a storm in a teacup.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·安徽师大附中模拟)Mr Gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een didn't think the little boy was to blame, so he stood up ________ him.
A．in honour of B．in defence of
C．in charge of D．in praise of
解析：选B　句意：格林先生站起来为那个小男孩辩护，说他并不应受责备。in defence of“为……辩护”，符合句意。
2．(2014·苏南五校联考)Jo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hnson had made up his mind to give it up, but on ________ second thought he determined to try ________ third time.
A．/; a B．the; /
C．a; a D．the; a
解析：选A　on second ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thought表示“转念一想”。a third time表示“再试一次”，强调动作的重复而不是强调第三次，故选A。
1．Whether you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the best known award a film can receive.
不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。
句中whether ...or ...为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，它还可以引导名词性从句。
①Whether he will stay or not, I really don't care.
他要留下来还是要走，我真的不在意。
②There's always competition, whether_you_realize_it_or_not.
不论你是否意识到，竞争永远存在。
③Whether the secretary ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be fired or not is at the mercy of her boss.
这个秘书是否被解雇完全取决于她的老板。
[链接高考]
(2012·湖南高考)Everyone i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A．why B．how
C．whether D．when
解析：选C　句意：这个村里的所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有人都很友好。无论你在该村住的时间长或短都没有关系。由句意可知选whether，和空后的or构成固定句型：whether ...or ...“无论……还是……”。
2．However, he later fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch, both_of_whom were murdered by an evil wizard — the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。
both of whom属于“代词(或数词)＋of＋关系代词(whom/which)”结构。该结构的用法如下：
(1)常见形式：both/all/neith ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er/none/some/several/a few/many/more/the largest ...of which/whom
(2)关系代词：指人时用whom，指物时用which
①I have two children, both of whom are studying at university now.
我有两个孩子，现在都在上大学。
②On the desk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are two English books, both_of_which are about the history of Egypt.
书桌上有两本英文书，都是有关埃及历史的。
③It also causes bad side effects, some of which can be deadly.
它也引发严重的副作用，其中一些可以是致命的。
④There are thirty stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents in Class A, many_of_whom come from the south.
A班有三十名学生，其中许多都来自南方。
[链接高考]
(2013·浙江高考)The ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ildren, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A．all of what B．all of which
C．all of them D．all of whom
解析：选D　句中定语从句的先行词是the children，此处关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故应该用关系代词whom。
[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．我拿不定主意参不参加这个聚会。
I couldn't decide whether_or_not_to_go_to_the_party.
2．无论他同意与否，我们都将执行我们的计划。
Whether_he_agrees_or_not,_we'll carry out our plan.
3．我正和朋友在度假，他们多数是老师。
I am on vacation with my friends, most_of_whom are teachers.
4．有两种方法，我们将讨论其中之一。
There are two methods, one_of_which will be discussed by us.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·北京东城区模拟)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 20 hour storm that hit Beijing on Saturday claimed the lives of 77 people, ______ 46 were caused by drowning.
A．in whom B．in them
C．of whom D．of them
解析：选C　前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )称代词them，另外根据句意可知，此处表示在这77人中有46人是溺水而亡的，故用of whom。
2．(2012·山东高考)It doe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether
C．what D．why
解析：选B　句意：在这个商店中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用现金或信用卡支付都可以。前面的it是形式主语，空格后面是真正的主语。whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，常与or搭配使用，符合题意。
强调
1．(2014·安徽江南十校 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三摸底)Is it the price that you see on the gift receipt ________ makes a gift special
A．that　　　　　　　　　　 B．what
C．which D．how
解析：选A　句意：是礼物收据上的价格让一份礼物变得特殊吗？分析句子结构可知，本句是一个强调句，强调主语，故选A。
2．(2014·哈师大附中、东北师大附中、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辽宁实验中学一联)It is ________ Tom often breaks the school rules ________ makes his teacher unsatisfied with him.
A．what; that B．that; what
C．that; that D．which; that
解析：选C　句意：是汤姆经常违反学校校规 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )才让他的老师对他不满意的。第一空引导主语从句，并在从句中不作成分，故用that。本句是强调句型，被强调部分是主语从句“that Tom often breaks the school rules”，因此第二空选that。
3．(2014·安徽师大附中高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考模拟)The police were seeking more information to find out ________ the rich merchant.
A．who was it that killed
B．who it was that killed
C．it was who killed
D．who was it killed
解析：选B　此处“who it was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that killed the rich merchant”是find out的宾语从句，who是强调句型中被强调的部分，又因who是连词，故放在从句句首。
4．(2014·永州高三模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拟)If you have a job, ________ yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.
A．do devote B．don't devote
C．devoting D．not devoting
解析：选A　本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型；do是对谓语动词devote的强调。
5．I have trouble ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )understanding English humour. More often than not, I can't figure out ________ that makes them laugh.
A．what it is B．why it is
C．what is it D．why that makes
解析：选A　分析句子结构并结合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )选项可知，此处“________ that makes them laugh”为宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序；其中“it is ... that”是强调句型，被强调部分是what，故选A。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·江阴五校高三联考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )As ________tourist attraction, the Summer Palace does have ________ strong attraction to visitors from home and abroad.
A．the; /　　　　　　　　　　 B．the; a
C．a; / D．a; the
解析：选C　颐和园作为“一个”景点，是泛指，故第一个空填a；attraction在此意为“吸引力”，是不可数名词，且也不表特指，故选C。
2．(2014·蚌埠质检)She ________herself.She said she would never marry young, but she did.
A．did contradict B．didn't contradict
C．wasn't contradicted D．was contradicted
解析：选A　句意：她的确自相矛盾。她说她绝不会早结婚，但她却这样做了。contradict“与……相矛盾”，此处did用于动词前表示强调。
3．(2014·泰州模拟) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It is said that ________ to classic music may be helpful in improving teenagers' taste.
A．exposed B．exposing
C．being exposed D．having exposed
解析：选C　句意：据说接触古典音乐可能有利于提高青少年的品位。be exposed to“接触，体验”，此处为动名词短语作主语。
4．(2014·苏南五校联考)With ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tourism having ________ the economy a great deal, the local government has passed a new law to invest double the amount in the past year to benefit more from it.
A．expanded B．disadvantaged
C．accumulated D．embarrassed
解析：选C　expand“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )扩大，扩张”；disadvantage“使处于不利地位，损害”；accumulate“累积，聚积，积攒”；embarrass“使困窘，使尴尬”。由语境可知应选C。
5．(2014·衡阳六校联考)—The experiment is of particular importance.
—I see.We will ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rry on with it ________ we can get enough money or not.
A．unless B．whether
C．though D．until
解析：选B　句意：“这个实验特别重要。”“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我明白。无论我们能不能得到足够的钱，我们都会继续进行下去。”whether ... or表示“不管是……还是”。
6．(2014·连云港模拟)Sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eaking ________ the proposal, he pointed out how much cheaper it would be.
A．in honor of B．in need of
C．in control of D．in defence of
解析：选D　句意：在为这项提议辩护发言时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，他指出这项提议实施起来将经济得多。in defence of“为……进行辩护”，符合句意。in honor of“向……表示敬意”；in need of“需要”；in control of“掌管，控制”。
7．(2014·江西抚州五校第六次 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )联考)________more tourists, travel agencies from both China and the DPRK have developed a package of new products.
A．Attracting B．Attracted
C．To attract D．Having attracted
解析：选C　句意：为了吸引更多的游客，中国和朝鲜的旅行社已经推出了一系列的新产品。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
8．(2014·江苏姜堰高三检测) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—I wonder ________ made some students give up this year's college entrance exam.
—Perhaps the present situation of employment.
A．what was it that B．what it was that
C．what was that it D．what was that
解析：选B　强调句的特殊疑问句形式为“特殊疑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分”。此处强调句充当wonder的宾语，应用陈述语序。故选B。
9．(2014·淮北一中模拟)Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those
解析：选A　句意：这个定居点是将近1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 000人的家园，他们中的许多人为了过上更好的生活离开农村老家来到这座城市。逗号暗示其后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为people，故many of后需要宾格形式的关系代词，且指代人，综合题意，只有whom符合条件。which指代物；them与those不能引导定语从句，故排除。
10．(2014·南京学情调 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )研)—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh, ________！
A．cheer up B．well done
C．go ahead D．congratulations
解析：选D　句意：“我和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )约翰下个月将庆祝我们结婚四十周年纪念。”“噢，恭喜恭喜！”cheer up“打起精神”；well done“做得好”；go ahead“开始吧”；congratulations“祝贺，恭喜”。
11．(2014·衡阳八中模拟)Acci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dents are likely to happen when safety checks ________.
A．overlooked B．were overlooked
C．are overlooked D．are overlooking
解析：选C　句意：忽视安全检查就很可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能会导致事故的发生。safety checks与overlook之间为被动关系，再根据主句谓语动词的时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。
12．(2014·长沙四县一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )市联考)—Jim has his wife do all the housework. Isn't he wise
—Not really.He is________.
A．more wise than lazy B．wiser than lazy
C．more lazy than wise D．lazier than wise
解析：选C　句意：“吉姆让他的妻子做所有的家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )务。难道说他不聪明吗？”“并不真聪明。与其说他聪明不如说懒惰。” more ... than ...“与其说……不如说……”。
13．(2014·安徽江南十校联考)___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ each other, the twin sisters are difficult to distinguish.
A．To resemble B．Resembling
C．Resembled D．Resemble
解析：选B　句意：这对双胞胎姐妹 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )长得十分相像，很难辨认。此处非谓语动词作状语，resemble与句子主语是主动关系，故选B。动词的不定式表示将来的