(共16张PPT)
谓语动词的时态和语态
I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That's changed since I came here.
--- Anne's diary
Appreciation
1)Around two o' clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us.
2)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
Sharing
Everyday he will sit here hour after hour doing nothing.
I will never do that again.
（习惯性，经常性动作）
（意志，决心）
3)She has been back to China. She stayed in the USA for two years.
As the novel coronavirus (cause)some deaths in the past one
month in China, Wuhan and some of its neighbours (put)into lockdown.
It is the most serious pandemic that I (experience)
since I was born.
It is the first time that I (stay) at home for such a long time for
self-protection.
has caused
have been put
2.过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果
1.过去的动作一直延续至今并可能继续下去,常用lately, recently, already, before, yet, so far, by now/up to now/till now, since…, for +时间段, in the last/past +时间段，等作状语。
have experienced
have stayed
现在完成时(have/has done)
3. It is the best (最高级) +名词+that sb. has/have done….
4. It is the first/last time that sb. has/have done….
It was the first/last time that sb. had done….
1.【2019·江苏】The musician along with his band members ___________ (give) ten performances in the last three months.
5.【2018·北京】China’s high-speed railways _______ __ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
11.【2016·北京】I ________(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
16.【2015·北京】In the last few years, China (make) great achievements in environmental protection.
18.【2015·天津】Despite the previous rounds of talks, no
agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.
has given
have grown
have read
has made
has been reached
现在完成时被动语态： have/has been done
现在完成时(have/has done)
4.【2019·天津】Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
13.【2018·北京】1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here I haven’t seen you around
—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________(start) on Monday.
15.【2015·北京】--Did you enjoy the party
--Yes, we (treat) by our hosts.
was given
started
were treated
一般过去时(did)
一般过去时被动语态： was / were done
9.【2017·北京卷】People ______(have) better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
一般现在时(do/does)
have
一般现在时被动语态： is / am /are done
The lifts and stairs are sterilized with alcohol every day.
过去完成时（had done)：
表 “过去的过去”动作。
句中有明显的过去参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。常与when+过去时，by + 过去时间点或by the time +从句（一般过去时）等连用。
过去完成时
1) I had finished my homework.
2) I have finished my homework.
1) 到新冠病毒最先在武汉爆发时，几乎没有人对它有所了解。（by the time)
2)在钟南山教授到达武汉之前，新冠病毒已经在全国蔓延开来。(when)
3) 截止到2020 年2月1 日，因感染新冠病毒死亡人数达304例。(by +过去时间点）
The novel coronavirus had spread in China when Professor Zhong arrived in Wuhan in Jan.18th, 2020.
1. ...was/were doing...when sth. did...
2. ...was//were about to do.../ on the point of doing...when sth. did...
3. ...had just done..when sth. did...
By Feb.1st, 2020, the number of deaths caused by the novel coronavirus had added up to 304.
By the time the outbreak of the novel coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan , few people had known about it.
√
She had stayed in the USA for two years before/when she went back to China.
She has been back to China. She stayed in the USA for two years.
had stayed
用过去完成时改写
She had stayed in the USA for two years by the time she went back to China.
Hardly/scarcely had sb. done… when sb. did …
No sooner had sb. done …than sb. did …
感染人员一被发现就要接受治疗。
与其有密切接触者一被发现要进行追踪，确认和隔离。
Hardly had the infected people been discovered when they were treated in hospital.
No sooner had those people having close contact with the infected ones been discovered than they were traced, checked and isolated.
2.【2019·江苏】A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________(fall) in love with the people and culture there.
3.【2019·天津】I __________(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it.
6.【2018·北京】A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists
who _______ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
12.【2016·天津】When walking down the street, I came across David,
who I (see) for years.
14.【2016·浙江】Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
17.【2015·北京】—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house
—Not really. She (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it. easily
20.【2015·安徽】Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ______ (leave) my bank card in the cafe.
had hoped
had been trapped
hadn’t seen
had given
had become
had left
过去完成时被动语态： had been done
fell
7.【2018·天津】My washing machine __________ _(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
8.【2017·天津】I ________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
10.【2016·北京】Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.
is being repaired
was driving
was working
现在进行时(is/am are doing)：1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
现在进行时被动语态： is/am/are being done
Make sentences.
is/am/are doing
be done
being
is/am/are
done
过去进行时(was/were doing)：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作；表示过去将来动作。
过去进行时被动语态： was/were being done
sb. was/were doing...when sth. /sb. did...
19.【2015·四川】More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
will be built
一般将来时(will do)：一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况
一般将来时被动语态： will be done
1). The flowers ______(smell) good.
2). I prefer his plan which _______(prove) to be practical.
1. look; sound; feel; smell; taste; appear; seem; go; prove; turn; stay; become; fall; get; grow; keep+ 形容词/名词
2. begin; finish; start; open; close; stop; end; shut
3. 表示主语某种属性的动词 read, cut, write, sell, wash, wear, cook, ,measure, weigh
This cloth (wash) very well. This knife (cut) easily.
A Middle Summer Night’s Dream _____ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June
主动表被动的用法
smell
proves
opened
washes
cuts
4 动词短语be to blame(受责备), be to let (出租), 需要做，值得做(be worth doing)等可以用主动形式表示被动含义
I feel it is your husband who __________ for the spoiled child. (blame )
There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need____________ . (improve)
5. in/on/under等介词+名词构成的介词短语，表被动意义
under treatment/ repair/ discussion/ construction
on trial/strike/show in print/need
6. 不能用于被动的短语:
belong to, take part in, suffer from, agree with, date back to，consist of, happen, take place, occur, come about, arrive at, shake hands with，go和come的词组等。
is to blame
improving/to be improved
一般 进行 完成
现在
过去
将来 --- ---
被：is/am /are done
was /were done
will be done
is/am /are being done
was/were being done
has/have been done
had been done
Homework
1. Finish the form to review the tenses and voices of predicate verb.
2. Try to wirte one paragraph around a theme(e.g. 2019-nCov, online teaching. , using the tenses and voices of predicate verb in the form. (You can share it with me by Dingding or wechat.)
主：do/does
is/am /are doing
has/have done
did
was/were doing
had done
will do
参考句型：
(1) It is the first/last time that … has/have done…. It was the first/last time that … had done….
(2) It is the best (最高级)/ +名词+that…has/have done….
(3) Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done… when 主+ did …
No sooner had sb.done …than 主+ did …
(4) sb. was/were doing...when sth./sb. did...
sb. was//were about to do.../ on the point of doing...when sth./sb. did...
sb. had just done..when sth./sb. did...
(5) Not until...
Only when…(共14张PPT)
谓语动词的时态
2019-nCov
新冠病毒
virus
corona
novel
new: having existed for only a short time
novel: not like anything known before
Make one sentence about the novel coronavirus(新冠病毒), using one of the following tenses.
一般过去时
一般现在时
现在完成时
In Dec. 2019, some people in Wuhan got infected with a novel coronavirus,
which was not known clearly at that time. And the virus spread at an
astonishing speed in Jan. 2020 in China.
Nowadays, all people in China work hard to fight against the virus.
Wearing surgical face mask proves an effective way to prevent human-to human transmission.
Chinese government has spared all-out efforts to bring the pandemic under control in the past one month, which has been praised by WHO.
Make one sentence about the novel coronavirus(新冠病毒), using one of the following tenses.
一般过去时
一般现在时
现在完成时
In Dec. 2019, some people in Wuhan got infected with a novel coronavirus,
which was not known clearly at that time. And the virus spread at an
astonishing speed in Jan. 2020 in China.
Nowadays, all people in China work hard to fight against the virus.
Wearing surgical face mask proves an effective way to prevent human-to human transmission.
Chinese government has spared all-out efforts to bring the pandemic under control in the past one month, which has been praised by WHO.
did
do/does
have/has done
▲ 2019 年
(全国 I 卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
(全国 II 卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.
(全国 III 卷)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
( 浙江卷)One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
have reported
declared
are
have made
recommended
were invited
improved
▲ 2018 年
全国 I 卷 While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
全国 II 卷 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice.
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
全国 III 卷 When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm.
浙江卷 I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and
I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
is
has grown
started
meant
was shocked
have become
▲ 2017 年
全国 I 卷 When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
全国 II 卷 Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lifts.
全国 III 卷 Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling ...”
浙江卷 Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.
are removed
is
were used
managed
comes
searched
▲ 2016 年
全国 I 卷
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
全国 II 卷
Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.
全国 III 卷
Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.
was allowed
is
were
▲ 2015 年
全国 I 卷
It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
全国 II 卷
This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.
goes
arrived
is
2020浙江卷 The medium age of an American in 1950 56 __（be） 30 -- today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050.
was
时态归纳
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时
are, is(4), comes, goes, was, are removed
declared, recommended, improved, started, meant, managed, searched, were, arrived, was shocked, were used, was allowed, were invited
have reported, have made, has grown, have become
do/does
did
have/has done
9
13
4
1. 一般现在时****
1)Around two o' clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _________(bother) us.
2)Light ________ faster than sound（travel）.
3)The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _____ (suggest) that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
4)If we (act) now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it.
5)I will finish my homework before my Dad (come) back.
6)I __________ (write) you as soon as I reach there.
7) Here (come) the bus.
在时间,条件状语从句中, 从句用一般现在时（do/does），主句用一般将来时（will do）.
表常发生的动作; 客观真理，科学事实。
bothers
suggests
travels
don’t act
comes
will write
comes
在以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
2. 一般过去时****
1)I’m calling about the apartment you _________ (advertise) the other day.
Could you tell me more about it
2)-- What about your self-drive trip yesterday
-- Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _______ (have) a rough ride.
3) She has been back to China. She _______ (stay) in the USA for two years.
4) After Jack sent some e-mails, he _______ (start) working on his project.
在过去的时间发生的动作, 反复的动作或持续的状态。
advertised
had
5)续写佳句：直到失去时我才后悔莫及。（Not until/ Only when…）
Not until I lost it did I regret…
Only when I …did I regret…
stayed
started
3. 现在完成时****
1) I (read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
2)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs (increase) sharply.
3)--Have you heard about the recent election
--Sure, it _____ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.
4)It is the most instructive lecture that I (attend) since I came to this school.
5) It is the first time in a year and a half that I (see) the night face to face.
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，说话时已完成的动作。
2. 过去的动作一直延续至今并可能继续下去，常用lately, recently, already, ….before, yet, so far/by now/up to now/till now, since…, for +时间段, in the last/past +时间段，等作状语。
has been
has increased
have attended
have read
have seen
It is the best (最高级) +名词+that sb. has/have done….
It is the first/last time that sb. has/have done….
It was the first/last time that sb. had done….
Homework
Review the three types of tense：
一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时
2. Finish a piece of learning sheet
--- English Homework on Feb.2nd
