单项选择
1.________ many times, he still couldn’t overcome the difficulties.
A.Trying B.Tried C.Have tried D.Having tried
2.________ much of her life away from Europe, Stark decided to go back to live out her final days.
A.Spending B.To have spent C.Spent D.Having spent
3.When I got back home I saw a message pinned on the door ________ “Sorry to miss you, will call later.”
A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read
4.________ this vision, Ricci is mounting one of the most enterprising and most expensive promotional campaigns in magazine-publishing history.
A.To realize B.To have realized C.Realizing D.To be realizing
5.________ somewhere in deep grass there is a rusting lawn mower which I have promised to repair one day.
A.Being buried B.Burying C.Buried D.Having been buried
6.We learned so hard some Italian words only ________ they spoke English.
A.finding B.to find C.found D.to have found
7.Considering the tight schedule, I decided to accept his advice on me________ a couple of hours’ sleep on the plane.
A.to grab B.having grabbed C.grabbing D.grabbed
8.Classic American apple and cherry varieties might be the first dishes ________ to mind ________ the word “pie” is mentioned.
A.to come, when B.coming, provided that
C.that came, when D.to come, on the grounds that
9.Some experts say that ________ to a variety of foods without pesticides (农药) is especially important throughout childhood.
A.exposing B.exposed C.having been exposed D.being exposed
10.It has been 10 years________ I read an interesting book about dietary supplements. I found it particularly beneficial before________ other practical suggestions.
A.before, giving B.since, being given C.after, giving D.since, given
11.Pie, pita, torta, tarte. ________it’s called, the idea applies across the globe because everyone loves a piece of filled, ________goodness.
A.However, baked B.No matter how, baking
C.No matter what, baked D.Whatever, baking
12.________you have access to stairs, there are numerous exercises you can do________ just two stairs.
A.Unless, to use B.While, using C.If, using D.When, use
13.The great majority of research on the topic has been observational, ________ we just look at ________ happens to people who do and don’t drink coffee.
A.meant; which B.meaning; what C.which meant; what D.meaning; which
14.________ a better idea of coffee’s immediate health effects, the authors found 100 healthy adults ________ 39 on average.
A.To get, aging B.Having got, aged C.To get, aged D.Getting, aging
15.Spring________ still nearly a month away, the________ students are likely to get back soon.
A.is, remaining B.being, remaining C.is, remained D.being, remained
16.________ 8.4 on the Richter scale, the earthquake ________ left thousands of people homeless.
A.Measured, happened B.Measured, happening
C.Measuring, that happened D.Measuring, to happen
17.Although she wants her paintings________ in the gallery, we don’t think they will be popular because they are quite unconventional and not what most people expect________ in a gallery.
A.displayed; seeing B.to display; to see
C.displaying; to be seeing D.displayed; to see
18.Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices________ in different parts of the world.
A.to have operated B.be operated C.operating D.having operated.
19.________ your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes to ________ the perfect picture.
A.As; taking B.Whether; take C.Though; take D.While; taking
20.With the meeting ________ in just a couple of hours, I didn’t have the time to worry about those unimportant things.
A.beginning B.begun C.to begin D.would begin
21.When he got ________ in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.
A.absorb B.absorbed C.absorbing D.to absorb
22.His brother is said ________ in an amusement park now.
A.working B.are working C.to work D.to be working
23.With us long ________ that talking plants are fantasy (幻想), new research has proved something amazing: it seems that plants can communicate.
A.believed B.to believe C.have believed D.believing
24.The first landmark ________ my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge ________over permafrost (永久冻土).
A.to catch; built B.caught; built C.catching; built D.to catch; building
25.______ in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A.Completing B.To complete
C.To be completed D.Completed
26.The firefighter rushed into the building, only ______ that a kid set off the alarm accidentally.
A.informing B.to inform C.to be informed D.informed
27.When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ______ the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
A.surrounding B.to surround C.to be surrounded D.surrounded
28._______ English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can.
A.Learning B.To learn C.Having learned D.Being learned
29.Tom pretended to be cheerful, ________ nothing about the argument.
A.says B.said C.to say D.saying
30.Day in, day out, Wang Jin and his students spent their time ________ clocks ________ back to hundreds of years.
A.restored; dating B.restored; dated C.restoring, dating D.to restore, dated
31.Children have been accustomed to ________ masks when ________ to the public in recent years.
A.wear; exposed B.wearing; being exposed
C.wear; being exposed D.wearing; exposed
32.________ students’ learning status and efficiency in real-time, many parents have latest monitoring devices ________ in their house.
A.To inform of; assigned B.Being informed of; assigned
C.To be informed of; installed D.Having informed of; installed
33.Water birds________ in the lake, and cattle and sheep________ the grasslands bring the scenery to life.
A.were playing; were wandering B.playing; wandering
C.to play; wandering D.playing; to wander
34.The students expected there _____ more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A.have been B.to be C.being D.is
35.A number of art works are believed _____ during World War II.
A.being stolen B.having been stolen C.to be stolen D.to have been stolen
36.Activities on the farm range from milking cows to _____ the chickens to satisfy the needs of different people.
A.feed B.fed C.feeding D.have fed
37._____ in financial scandals (丑闻), according to a social research, was regarded as top 1 reason for officials to give up political career in Italy.
A.Involved B.Involving C.Being involved D.To involve
38.The latest research _______ shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking tool among Chinese netizens.
A.to undertake B.undertaken C.undertaking D.having been undertaken
39.We don’t doubt ________ international cooperation is a solution to ________ with cyber-crime.
A.whether; deal B.whether; do C.that; doing D.that; dealing
40.China would like to make its contribution _____ win-win progress and maintain sustainable development.
A.to promote B.to having promoted
C.to promoting D.to have promoted
41._______voluntary work outside school is of great help in cultivating a good personality.
A.Does B.Do C.Doing D.Did
42.________, we have to get down to ________ the papers right away.
A.There was no time left; mark B.There is no time left; being marked
C.As there was no time left; marking D.There being no time left; marking
43.With all his attention________ on his work, he barely has any time for his family.
A.fixing B.fixed C.having fixed D.is fixed
44.All________ members voted________ the Most Influential Figures of 2020, an overwhelming 80% _________Zhong Nanshan.
A.voted; for; voting for B.voting; for; voted for
C.voting; on; voting for D.voted; on; voted for
45.It is________ that Zhengzhou is not ________ it used to be.
A.worth noting; that B.worthy of being noted; what
C.worth being noted;what D.worthy noting; that
46.The power given to this office will be used to hold, occupy and possess the property and places ________ to the government and ________ the taxes.
A.belonging; to collect B.belong; collecting
C.belong; to collect D.belonging; collecting
47.Into the dark room ______ David, who became surprised then when ______ “Happy Birthday” shouted by his roommates.
A.walked; heard B.walked; hearing
C.walking; hearing D.did walk; heard
48.Even if he had heard it before, he couldn’t help ________ when someone told him the joke.
A.laughing B.laugh C.to laugh D.laughed
49.________ from the outer space, the earth looks like a blue globe with signs of life.
A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.Being seen
50.________ the confused look on the students’ face, the teacher explained for a second time.
A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.Saw
51.What great trouble the boy had _____ his father to quit smoking!
A.persuaded B.persuade C.to persuade D.persuading
52.It’s learned from the Public Security Ministry that in 2007, 327,209 road accidents occurred,________ 81,649 deaths.
A.resulted in B.resulting in
C.resulted from D.resulting from
53.I suggest that the person________ put into prison.
A.refer to
B.referred to be
C.referring to should be
D.referred to was
54.It rained for two weeks on end, completely ________ our holiday.
A.ruined B.to ruin C.ruining D.was ruined
55.The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A.robbed B.to have been robbed C.being robbed D.having been robbed
56.His life in the big city was hard and finally he was reduced ________ in the street.
A.to wander B.to have wandered C.to wandering D.wandering
57.She had despaired of ever ________ alive.
A.rescuing B.being rescued C.to rescue D.rescued
58.All the visitors were ________ from the burning hostel and the two injured were ________ by doctors from a nearby hospital.
A.saved; rescued B.rescuing; saved C.rescued; saved D.saving; saved
59.We don’t want to risk ________ involved in a civil war.
A.beome B.to become C.becomes D.becoming
60.Those gymnastics movements require ________.
A.to improve B.improving C.being improved D.improved
61.—What made Trump so annoyed
—______ by Biden in the Presidential election.
A.To be beaten B.Beating C.Beaten D.Being beaten
62.I had my eyes ______.
A.examining B.to examine C.examined D.having examined
63.She smiled happily, a set of amazing white teeth to us.
A.exposing B.being exposed
C.exposed D.to expose
64.—I failed again.
—Why not explain ______ you have done your best
A.him B.him that C.that D.to him
65.In the great fire, he was lucky to escape ________.
A.to be killing B.killing C.killed D.being killed
66.Mike often attempts to escape ______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A.having been fined B.to have been fined
C.to be fined D.being fined
67.I don’t think he is equal ______ this kind of work, so I can’t hire him.
A.in doing B.doing C.to do D.to doing
68.—You look so worried.What’s the matter
—I don’t know ________ these boring problems.
A.what to deal with B.how to do with
C.what can I do with D.how to deal with
69.He had to speak in a loud voice in order to make himself________.
A.hear B.hearing
C.heard D.to be heard
70.I meant to ________ you with your homework but father didn’t permit me to.
A.helped B.have helped C.helping D.having helped
参考答案:
1.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然努力了很多次,他还是不能克服困难。动词try在句中作状语,与逻辑主语he主动关系,早于谓语动词发生,应使用现在分词的完成式。故选D项。
2.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:Stark在欧洲度过了她生命中的大部分时间,她决定回去度过她最后的日子。句中谓语是decided,空格处用非谓语动词,Stark和spend之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,spend这个动作发生在谓语动作decided之前,因此空格处用having done表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。故选D。
3.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回到家的时候,我看到门上钉着一张纸条,上面写着“对不起,错过了你,回头再打电话。”分析句子结构可知,read在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语message构成主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语。故选C。
4.A
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:为了实现这一愿景,里奇正在开展杂志出版史上最具进取心、最昂贵的宣传活动之一。本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故选A项。
5.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:深草丛中的某个地方有一台正在生锈的割草机,那就是我曾答应某日要修理的割草机。句子使用了倒装手法,逻辑主语mower和bury之间是被动关系,用过去分词。还原后是:there is a rusting lawn mower buried somewhere in deep grass which I have promised to repair one day;将buried somewhere置于句首起到强调作用。故选C。
6.B
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我们辛辛苦苦学了一些意大利语单词,却发现它们说的是英语。根据句意可知,此处表示出乎意料的结果,用“only+to do”表出乎意料的结果,故选B。
7.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:考虑到日程安排紧张,我决定接受他让我在飞机上睡几个小时的建议。advice on“关于……的建议”,on是介词,因此空处用grab的动名词形式和me构成动名词复合结构作宾语。故选C。
8.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词和状语从句。句意:当提到“派”这个词时,人们首先想到的可能是经典的美国苹果和樱桃品种。第一空修饰dishes,可用定语从句或非谓语动词,用定语从句时,句子在叙述现在的规律性的事实,从句应用一般现在时,故排除C项;用非谓语动词时,dishes前有the first修饰,需用不定式,故排除B项。第二空引导状语从句,表示提到“派”这个词的时候,应用when来引导,on the grounds that引导的是原因状语从句,不符合句意。故选A。
9.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一些专家表示,在整个童年时期,接触各种无农药的食物尤为重要。be exposed to“接触”是固定短语;分析句子可知,空处作宾语从句中的主语,需用动名词形式。故选D。
10.B
【详解】考查时间状语从句引导词、非谓语动词。句意:我已经10年没有读过一本有趣的关于膳食补充剂的书了。在得到其他切实可行的建议之前,我发现它特别有益。分析句子结构,根据第一个空白处上文“has been”可知第一句话谓语动词使用了现在完成时,时间状语从句应表达“自从……以来”含义,所以第一个空白处填since。因第二个空白处前面有介词,可知空白处应填动名词,因空白处与逻辑主语I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应填动名词的被动式,综合以上判断,B项符合以上分析,故选B项。
11.C
【详解】考查状语从句、非谓语动词。句意:馅饼,皮塔饼,意大利卷饼,馅饼。无论它叫什么,这个想法都适用于全球。每个人都喜欢一块填满的、烤好的食物。分析句子结构,这是一个包含状语从句的复合句,第一空引导让步状语从句,从句缺少宾语,且指物,可用whatever/no matter what引导。分析第二个空白处,因第二个空白处在句子中作定语修饰后面名词goodness,应使用非谓语动词,因两者之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,使用过去分词。综上,故选C项。
12.C
【详解】考查条件状语从句和非谓语动词。句意:如果你可以利用楼梯,你可以用两个楼梯做很多运动。unless除非; while当……的时候; if如果; when在……时候;use使用。根据句意,“可以利用楼梯”是用楼梯进行锻炼的条件,所以用从属连词if引导条件状语从句;分析主句“there are numerous exercises you can do________ just two stairs.”可知,“用两个楼梯”作伴随状语,动词use是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语you之间是主动关系,用现在分词using表示主动。故选C项。
13.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。句意:关于这个话题的绝大多数研究都是观察性的,也就是说我们只观察喝咖啡和不喝咖啡的人会发生什么。第一空可用非谓语动词或非限制性定语从句,用非谓语动词时,空处为状语,对空前内容进行补充说明,不存在被动的关系,应用现在分词的形式,故排除A项;用非限制性定语从句时,主句是现在完成时,从句是对主句进行解释说明,用一般现在时,故排除C项。分析句子可知,look at缺少宾语,第二空引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指事物,需用连接代词what,故排除D项。故选B。
14.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词词义辨析。句意:为了更好地了解咖啡对健康的直接影响,作者找到了100名平均39岁的健康成年人。第一空作句子的状语,用非谓语动词,作者找人的目的是为了了解咖啡对健康的直接影响,应用不定式表示目的,故排除B项和D项。第二空作adults的后置定语,表示“平均39岁的健康成年人”,aging意为“变老的,变旧的”,只能放在名词的前面,aged作“年老的,年迈的”理解时,放在名词的前面,作“……岁的”理解时,和岁数一起使用,构成aged 25这样的固定搭配,只能放在名词的后面。故选C。
15.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:距离春天还有将近一个月的时间,其他的学生可能很快就会回来。分析句子结构可知,该句中没有连词,所以第一空应为非谓语动词,be动词与spring构成独立主格结构,两者间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词形式;第二空为非谓语动词作定语,remain与逻辑主语students之间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词。故选B项。
16.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:这次发生的地震震级为里氏8.4级,导致数千人无家可归。第一空为非谓语动词,作状语,measure和the earthquake之间为主动关系,表示“地震震级为……”,应用现在分词形式,故排除A项和B项;第二空修饰空前的the earthquake,地震已经发生,并造成了严重的后果,因此不能用不定式结构作后置定语,而用定语从句进行限定。故选C。
17.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然她想在画廊里展出她的画,但我们认为这些画不会受欢迎,因为它们很不传统,不是大多数人期望在画廊里看到的。分析句子结构可知,一空处,空前已有动词wants,所以display应用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是paintings,两者间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,二空处,是固定搭配:expect to do意为“期待做某事”,所以填to see。故选D项。
18.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:大公司通常在世界各地都有很多分支机构。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中做后置定语,应使用非谓语动词,因与其逻辑主语branch offices之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,使用现在分词,故选C项。
19.D
【详解】考查状语从句、非谓语动词。句意:虽然你的手机是一个很有价值的伙伴,但在拍摄完美照片时,没有什么可以替代真正的相机。分析句子结构,这是一个包含让步状语从句的复合句,因从句“your phone is a worthy assistant(你的手机是一个很有价值的伙伴)”与主句之间为转折关系,使用while引导让步状语从句。根据第二个空白处前面的介词to可知第二个空白处应动名词,综合以上分析并分析四个选项,D项符合以上分析,故选D项。
20.C
【详解】考查不定式做宾补。句意:会议几小时后就开始了,我没有时间担心这些不重要的事情。根据时间状语“in just a couple of hours”可知是即将发生,to do做宾补表示将来,为主动,故使用不定式形式。故选C项。
21.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时,他觉得自己好像能“看到”周围世界的美,就像他以前的生活一样。句中用“get+过去分词”,构成系表结构。故选B。
22.D
【详解】考查动词不定式的进行式。句意:据说他哥哥现在在一家游乐园工作。be said to do意为“据说做某事”。根据now可知,此处应用to do不定式的进行式。故选D。
23.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:长久以来,我们一直认为会交谈的植物只是幻想,但最新研究表明,植物似乎会交流。分析句子结构可知,空处和“With us”构成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构,believe和us逻辑上是主动关系,空处用现在分词believing。故选D。
24.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:第一个吸引我眼球的地标是清水河大桥,这是世界上最长的修建在永久冻土上的大桥。第一空landmark前有序数词,后跟不定式作后置定语;第二空分析句子结构可知build在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语bridge 构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故选A。
25.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:帝国大厦于1931年竣工,是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼,激发了全世界的想象力。分析可知,空处应填非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the Empire State Building和complete之间为被动关系, 且动作已经完成,应用过去分词。故选D。
26.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:消防员冲进大楼,却被告知是一个孩子不小心触发了警报。结合句意和句子结构可知,表示意料之外的结果,应用only to do作状语,意为“却……”,逻辑主语firefighter和inform之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动语态。故选C。
27.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,轻柔的云朵环绕着山顶时,他泪流满面。see sb./sth. doing sth表示“看见某人或某事物在做某事”,现在分词surrounding作宾语补足语,和宾语之间是主谓关系,故选A。
28.B
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:要学好英语,我们应该尽可能多地找机会听别人说英语。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
29.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆假装很高兴,对争论只字不提。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Tom与say之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故选D。
30.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:日复一日,王进和他的学生们花时间修复数百年前的时钟。固定搭配spend some time (in) doing sth. “花费时间做某事”,故空1为restoring。分析句子成分可知,固定搭配date back to...“追溯到……”,为不及物动词短语,故应为现在分词形式作定语修饰名词“clocks”。故空2为dating。故选C。
31.D
【详解】考查动名词和状语从句的省略。句意:近年来,孩子们已经习惯于在公众面前戴口罩。短语:be accustomed to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,所以可以排除选项A、C;分析可知,when引导的时间状语从句的完整句式为:when they are exposed to the public in recent years,they指代句子主语children,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,从句用到了系动词,可以省略从句的主语和系动词,所以此处省略了they are,故选D。
32.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意:为了实时了解学生的学习状况和学习效率,许多家长在家里安装了最新的监控设备。A. To inform of通知,了解;assigned分配,委任;B. Being informed of被告知;assigned分配,委任;C. To be informed of被告知;installed安装,安置;D. Having informed of通知,了解;installed安装,安置。分析可知,第一个空应是目的状语,用动词不定式表达,且动词短语“inform of”与逻辑主语“many parents”之间为被动关系,应是动词不定式被动结构:to be done,即,to be informed of。第二个空应是结构“have sth done”,意为“让……被做”,其中“done”为宾语补足语,且“monitoring devices”意为“监控设备”,应是动词“installed”。故选C项。
33.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在湖中嬉戏的水鸟,在草地上漫步的牛羊,使风景充满生机。A. were playing正在玩耍;were wandering正在徘徊闲逛;B. playing玩耍;wandering徘徊,闲逛;C. to play玩耍;wandering徘徊,闲逛;D. playing玩耍;to wander徘徊,闲逛。分析可知,句子的谓语为“bring”,因此所选动词应是非谓语。第一个空“________ in the lake”应是作之前名词“Water birds”的后置定语,与其之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式“playing”。第二个空“________ the grasslands”作之前名词“cattle and sheep”的后置定语,动词与其之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式“wandering”。故选B项。
34.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们希望期末考试前有更多的复习课。本句的谓语动词为expected,结合expect to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“期待做某事”,故使用there be的非谓语形式there to be,故选B项。
35.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多艺术作品被认为是在二战期间被偷走的。分析句子可知,本句有谓语are believed,故使用非谓语动词,在be said/ be reported/ be believed/be supposed/be thought等后面,要求接不定式作主语补足语;结合句意,A number of art works和steal之间是被动关系,需用被动语态;且非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,需使用完成时。因此空处使用不定式的完成时的被动语态。故选D项。
36.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:农场的活动范围从挤牛奶到喂鸡,以满足不同人的需求。短语range from… to…“包括从……到……”中,to为介词,故其后使用动名词作宾语。故选C项。
37.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一项社会调查显示,卷入金融丑闻被认为是意大利官员放弃政治生涯的首要原因。分析句子可知,本句缺主语,故用动名词做主语,且 officials和involve之间是被动关系,因此用动名词的被动语态做主语,即being done。be involved in也是固定短语,意为“被卷入到……”故选C项。
38.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最新研究表明,微博是中国网民中最受欢迎的社交网络工具。分析句子可知,主句有谓语shows,故使用非谓语动词;The latest research和undertake之间是被动关系,且动作已完成,故用过去分词作后置定语。故选B项。
39.D
【详解】考查名词性从句和非谓语动词。句意:我们不怀疑国际合作是对付网络犯罪的解决办法。设空处连接宾语从句,从句中不缺少成分,也不缺少意思,用that连接;the solution to……的解决方法,其中的to介词,后面用动名词作宾语。故选D。
40.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国愿为促进互利共赢、保持可持续发展作出自己的贡献。make one’s contribution to doing sth为做某事作出贡献,固定短语,此处不强调动作的先后,应使用动名词的一般式作宾语。故选C。
41.C
【详解】考查动名词。句意:做校外志愿工作对培养良好的个性有很大帮助。分析句子可知,此处为动名词Doing voluntary work作主语,符合句子结构。故选C项。
42.D
【详解】考查独立主格结构和固定搭配。句意:时间不多了,我们必须马上开始阅卷。分析句子可知,第一空可为独立主格结构形式或从句结构形式,而C项时态错误,应为一般现在时;第二空考查get down to doing sth表“开始认真做某事”,为固定结构。故选D项。
43.B
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:他所有的注意力都放在工作上,几乎没有时间陪伴家人。分析句子可知,此处使用了with复合结构,attention和fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系,因此需使用过去分词。故选B。
44.C
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语和非谓语。句意:所有投票成员都参与了“2020年最具影响力人物”的投票,80%的人投票给了钟南山。分析句子可知,第一个空处需使用形容词作定语对名词members进行修饰;第二个空考查固定短语中介词的使用,vote on意为“就……表决”;第三个空考查非谓语,an overwhelming 80% 与vote是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词表主动。故选C。
45.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词和表语从句。句意:值得注意的是,郑州早已今非昔比。该句是It作形式主语,真正主语是that引导的从句。be worth doing“值得做”,此处是主动表示被动,C项不对,没有be worth being done用法,be worthy of是固定短语,意为“值得……的”,后面接动名词,且因为该句真正主语与动词note之间是被动关系,所以note应用动名词的被动语态being noted。that引导的从句中,Zhengzhou是从句主语,Zhengzhou后面的is not ________ it used to be是从句的系表结构,即第二空引导表语从句,表语从句的主语是it,从句谓语是used to be,缺少表语,则应用what引导该句的表语从句。故选B项。
46.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:赋予该办公室的权力将用于持有、占有和拥有属于政府的财产和场所,并收取税款。分析句子结构可知,该句谓语是will be used,动词短语belong to应用现在分词形式belonging to,belonging to the government作后置定语,修饰the property and places,则第一个空应为belonging;不定式to hold, occupy and possess与第二个空并列,则collect应用不定式to collect,与前者共同作目的状语,则第二个空应为to collect。故选A项。
47.B
【详解】考查倒装句和省略句。句意:大卫走进了黑暗的房间,当听到室友喊“生日快乐”时,他惊讶万分。分析句子结构可知,第一空为倒装句,表方位的介词短语位于句首时,句子要用全部倒装,根据became可知,此处用一般过去时态,将谓语walked置于主语David前;第二空为省略句,当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省去从句中的主语和be动词,只保留非谓语动词形式,hear与主语David之间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词hearing作状语。故选B项。
48.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:即使他以前听过这个笑话,当有人讲这个笑话时,他还是禁不住大笑。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词,can’t help doing意为“禁不住做某事”,所以此空选动名词作宾语。故选A项。
49.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从外太空看,地球就像一个有生命迹象的蓝色球体。根据句子结构,句子的谓语为looks,设空处应为非谓语动词,see与逻辑主语the earth之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词表被动。故选B项。
50.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:看到学生们困惑的表情,老师又解释了一遍。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the teacher与see之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故选A。
51.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那个男孩说服他父亲戒烟费了多大的劲啊!persuade意为“劝说”,这是一个感叹句,“ the boy had _____ his father to quit smoking”是定语从句,修饰trouble,句中含有固定短语have trouble (in) doing …意为“做某事有困难”,故空格处应用动名词形式作介词宾语。故选D 项。
52.B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意:从公安部得到的消息:2027年共发生327,209起交通事故,造成81,649人死亡。result in导致;result from由……造成;根据句意,此处为导致,应用result in。分析句子结构,“result in 81,649 deaths(造成81,649人死亡)”在句子中做结果状语,应使用非谓语动词形式,表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作状语 ,故选B项。
53.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词、虚拟语气。句意:我建议把谈及的那个人关进监狱。主句中的谓语动词为suggest,意为“建议”,后接的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,谓语动词应用(should) do结构;从句中主语为the person,谓语动词put与主语the person之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故用(should)be put;动词refer to与逻辑主语the person之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词短语referred to,作后置定语,设空处应填referred to (should) be。故选B项。
54.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:大雨连续不停地下了两周,完全毁了我们的假期。分析句子结构,“ruin our holiday(毁了我们的假期)”在句子中做结果状语,因逻辑主语是前面的一整句话,需使用现在分词形式,故选C项。
55.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据当地报纸报道那家银行昨天白天被抢劫了。be reported to do sth/to have done sth“据报道做某事/做了某事”属于固定用法;根据句意可知,银行与抢劫之间构成被动关系,而且是一个已经完成的事情,所以使用不定式的完成被动式。故选B。
56.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他在大城市过得很苦,最终他沦落街头。固定短语be reduced to意为“沦落为……”,其中to为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词,后跟动词需要变doing。故选C项
57.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她那时对获救生还已经绝望了。根据前文介词of,后需要跟动名词作宾语,且句子的主语She和rescue之间为被动关系,故用动名词的被动式。故选B项。
58.C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意:所有的游客都从着火的旅馆里被救了出来,两名受伤的人被附近医院的医生救了出来。A. saved救助;rescued营救;B. rescuing营救,现在分词;saved救助;C. rescued营救;saved救助;D. saving拯救,现在分;saved救助。第一个空是游客被营救,be动词+过去分词,用rescued;第二个空是伤者被医生救助,be+过去分词,用saved。故选C。
59.D
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:我们不想冒卷入内战的危险。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语risk doing“冒险做某事”,后接动名词形式,满足句意要求。故选D项。
60.B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:那些体操动作需要改进。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“require doing sth.”,意为“某事需要被做”,用主动形式表示被动含义,相当于“require to be done”,故空格处应填“improve”的动名词“improving”。故选B项。
61.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——是什么让特朗普如此恼火?——在总统大选中被拜登击败。分析语境可知,上文是对句子主语提问,所以下文回答的内容在句中作主语,由此可以判断,此题考查的是动名词作主语,结合句意可知,beat与逻辑主语Trump为被动关系,且在句中作主语,所以使用动名词的被动式,A选项的不定式结构表示将要发生的事情,与语境不符。故选D项。
62.C
【详解】考查宾语补足语。句意:我检查了眼睛。分析句意可知,此处使用了使役动词+宾语+补语的结构,呈现为have sth. done“使某事被做”,即说话人使自己的眼睛被检查,用examined“检查”符合语境。故选C项。
63.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她开心地笑了,露出了一副漂亮的白牙。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语,设空处只能填非谓语动词形式;expose的逻辑主语为she,二者之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,此处整个现在分词短语做状语。故选A项。
64.D
【详解】考查动词固定搭配。句意:——我又失败了。——为什么不向他解释你已经尽力了?“向某人解释……”用explain sth to sb或者expain to sb+从句。由句意以及空后的“you have done your best”可知此句应为“Why not explain to him that you have done your best ”,在句中that引导名词性从句作宾语,that可以省略,故选D。
65.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在那场大火中,他幸运地逃过一劫。动词escape后接动名词作宾语,且句子主语和kill之间为被动关系,故用being killed。故选D项。
66.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:每当迈克违反交通规则时,他总是试图逃避罚款。根据短语escape doing sth.可知,排除B、C选项;A选项强调fine发生在谓语动词之前,不符合语境;此处fine与Mike构成被动关系,故应用being done形式。故选D。
67.D
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:我认为他不能胜任这种工作,所以我不能雇用他。be equal to doing…“胜任……”为固定句型,其中to为介词。故选D项。
68.D
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:——你看起来很担心。怎么了?——我不知道如何处理这些无聊的问题。此处为疑问词+不定式结构,作宾语,how与deal with搭配,what与do with搭配。C选项语序错误,故选D。
69.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他不得不大声说话,以便让别人听到他的声音。由句意可知,此处应是“使他自己被听到”,用“make+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,应用过去分词。故选C。
70.B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我本想帮你做作业的,但父亲不允许我做。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是固定搭配mean to have done意为“本打算做某事(而事实上没做)”。故选B。