(共91张PPT)
UNIT 5
HUMANS AND NATURE
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基 础
知识排查
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drought n.旱灾，干旱
hurricane n.飓风
landslide n.滑坡；塌方
volcanic adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的
landscape n.风景，景色
weed n.野草；海藻
deer n.鹿
速记——词汇句型背诵
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
insect n.昆虫
whale n.鲸
dolphin n.海豚
shark n.鲨(鱼)
kangaroo n.袋鼠
eagle n.鹰
fox n.狐狸
jungle n.(热带)丛林
whirlpool n.旋涡
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descent n.下降，下落
tidal adj.潮汐的，潮水的
barrel n.桶
extent n.面积；长度；范围；程度
tube n.圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁
lamp n.灯
sledge n.雪橇
ski n.滑雪板
vi.滑雪
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polar adj.极地的，地极的
continent n.洲，大洲；大陆
tent n.帐篷
brochure n.小册子
aftershock n.(地震的)余震
metal n.金属
skiing n.滑雪运动
originality n.独创性；创造力
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disaster n.灾难；灾祸
flood n.洪水，水灾
wildlife n.野生动植物，野生生物
comment n.评论；意见
crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的
living adj.活的，活着的
soil n.土壤
Ⅱ.记重点单词
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climate n.气候
lecture n.讲座，讲课；演讲
overuse vt.过度使用；滥用
million n.百万
greenhouse n.温室，暖房
title n.题目，标题
vt.加标题
wave n.海浪；波涛；(情感的)一阵
escape vi.&vt.逃离；逃避
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float vi.浮；漂
file n.档案，卷宗
soul n.灵魂
edge n.边缘
rescue n.&vt.营救；救援
vehicle n.交通工具，车辆
trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中
attempt n.&vt.努力，尝试，企图
damage n.伤害，损伤，损害
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measure vt.估量，衡量；测量
overseas adv.在海外，在外国
site n.场所，地点
process n.过程，进程
battle n.较量，竞争；斗争；战斗
duty n.职责，义务；责任
suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
nearby adv.附近
dust n.灰尘；尘埃
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captain n.上校；队长；组长
base n.基地，大本营；基础
vt.以……为基地
distant adj.久远的；遥远的
shelter n.避难所
varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的
scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的
harmless adj.无害的
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Ⅲ.知拓展单词
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eruption n.爆发
→erupt v.爆发；喷出
ecology n.生态；生态学
→ecological adj.生态学的；生态的
shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n.震惊；休克；冲击
→shocking adj.令人震惊的
→shocked adj.震惊的
survive vi.&vt.活下来；幸存
→survival n.幸存
→survivor n.幸存者
poetry n.诗歌；作诗的艺术
→poem n.诗；诗歌
→poet n.诗人
mystery n.神秘事物，难以理解的事物
→mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的
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frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
→frightening adj.令人害怕的
→frighten v.使受惊；使惊恐
horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的
→horror n.恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事
→horribly adv.害怕地；可怕地；极其地
curious adj.好奇的
→curiously adv.好奇地
→curiosity n.好奇心
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observation n.观察；观察结果
→observe v.观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守
equal adj.相等的；相同的；平等的
→equally adv.同样地；平等地
→equality n.平等
interrupt vi.&vt.打断讲话
→interruption n.打断，打扰；中断时间
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death n.死，死亡
→die v.死亡
→dying adj.垂死的
→dead adj.失去生命的；不再使用的
loss n.丧失；死亡
→lose vt.失去；丢失；使迷路
→lost adj.丢失的；迷路的
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operation n.行动，活动；手术；操作
→operate v.运转；做手术；操作
→operator n.接线员；操作者
conduct vt.实施；执行；进行 vi.&vt.指挥
→conductor n.指挥；售票员
protection n.保护；防护
→protect v.保护；防护
→protective adj.保护的；防护的
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breathe vi.&vt.呼吸
→breath n.呼吸
→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的
→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地
explorer n.探险者；勘察者
→explore v.探索；探究；勘察
→exploration n.探索；探究；勘察
preparation n.预备，准备
→prepare v.准备；预备
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anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地；担忧地
→anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的
→anxiety n.忧虑，焦虑
ambition n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿
→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的
cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的
→cheer v.使高兴；欢呼 n.欢呼声
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prove vt.证明；证实
→proof n.证据
honesty n.坦诚；诚实，正直
→honest adj.诚实的
→dishonest adj.不诚实的
sincerity n.真诚，真挚，诚实
→sincere adj.真诚的
→sincerely adv.诚挚地
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bravery n.勇气；勇敢的行为
→brave adj.勇敢的
→bravely adv.勇敢地
disappearance n.消失；消亡
→disappear vi.消失；消亡；灭绝
→appear vi.出现linking v.看来；似乎
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[词汇助力]
高频词汇
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biography n.传记
bless vt.祝福；保佑
border n.边缘；边境，国界
boundary n.边界；范围；分界线
breakthrough n.突破；重大进展
brilliant adj.光亮的；极好的
broaden vt.拓宽
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budget n.预算
casual adj.随意的；不定期的
cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的
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turn one’s back (on sb/sth) 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管
in the direction of 朝……方向
on the edge of 在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指
不好的事)
at great speed 高速地
be/become curious about 对……感到好奇
in the end 最后
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Ⅳ.背核心短语
pick up 去接(某人)；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救
breathe in 吸气
run out 用完；耗尽
on the way to... 在去往……的路上
have difficulty with sth 在某事方面有困难
break down 停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉
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It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.(It takes/took sb some time to do...)
不到一天的时间，我的头发就由黑变白了。
I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(as if引导方式状语从句)
我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。
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Ⅴ.悟经典句式
The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell...(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
第一，物体越大，下落越快……
As you can see，the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.(The reason why...is/was that...)
如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。
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But what if I’m trapped？(what if...？)
但是如果我被困住了怎么办？
Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装)
极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。
The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.[have difficulty (in) doing...]
下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。
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填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
battle， bravery， death， disappearance， million， trap，curious
In fact，it was out of 1. that I attended the lecture given by a famous explorer，who had just returned from a distant continent. Expecting to hear varied horrible experiences and mysteries in the process of his exploration，I went to the site cheerfully. He indeed shared some stories of 2. against nature with 3. ，in one of which his vehicle broke down in the polar area because the gas had run out.
curiosity
battling
bravery
4. in the scary snowstorm，he attempted to call for rescue through the phone，but it proved useless.Frightened and hungry，he was at a loss and was faced with 5. several times. He was walking anxiously until he found shelter in a nearby base. Besides，the suffering of wildlife shocked us. According to his observation, 6. of animals are on the edge of 7. . Apart from natural disasters such as flood，drought，landslides, volcanic eruptions and hurricane，to some extent,
battle， bravery， death， disappearance， million， trap，curious
Trapped
death
millions
disappearance
too much greenhouse gas also caused damage to them. Instead of turning our back on the terrible climate, we should take measures to conduct wildlife protection. Having heard his lecture，I find it everyone’s duty to keep the balance of ecology. Equally important is that we should hand out some brochures to teach people to observe natural laws.
battle， bravery， death， disappearance， million， trap，curious
返 回
核 心
考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vt.使震惊；使难以置信n.休克；打击；震惊(shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.感到震惊的)
shock
in shock震惊地；休克
be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆
be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
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(1)(读后续写之心理描写) He was on the edge of breaking down， not uttering a word, but pointed to the distance shock.
in
(2)听到我的搭档住院的消息，我很震惊。与此同时，我很震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
I that my partner was admitted to hospital. Meanwhile, I I had no option but to finish our project on my own.
(3) (读后续写之神态描写)看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。
Seeing horrible heavy smoke shooting out of the window，he __________
__________.
was shocked by/at the news
was shocked to find that
was numb
with shock
escape from从……逃脱；逃避……
escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事
have a narrow escape死里逃生；侥幸躲过
vi.&vt.逃离；逃避；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏n.逃脱；逃避；漏出
escape
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(1)The frightened deer attempted to escape (catch) by the tiger，but in vain.
being caught
(2)(读后续写之逃生)我离开帐篷才死里逃生。 我刚从里面逃出来它就烧毁了。
by leaving the tent.Hardly ____________________
when it burned down.
I had a narrow escape
had I escaped from it
survive sth幸免于；从……中活过来
survive on靠……存活下来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
vi.&vt.活下来；幸存；比……活得长(survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存；生还)
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survive
(1)If the explorer couldn’t find his way out of the jungle，there would be little chance of (survive).
survival
(2)All the (survive) have been rescued from the horrible landslide and sent to a nearby shelter.
(3)When I realized that the poor boy survived discarded(丢弃的) food, a wave of sadness and sympathy washed over me.
survivors
on
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be curious about对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth极想做某事
out of curiosity出于好奇
meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心
adj.好奇的(curiosity n.好奇；好奇心 curiously adv.好奇地)
curious
(1)Curious the process of making a lamp，the boy went to the factory to make a careful observation.
about
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)出于好奇，我偷偷地透过窗户向办公室内窥视。
，I secretly peeped through the window into the office.
(3)(应用文写作之人物描写)我弟弟总是想知道一切，但似乎没有人能满足他的好奇心。
My brother ，but no one _________
_______________________________.
Out of curiosity
is always curious to know everything
seems to
be able to meet/satisfy his curiosity
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be equal to (doing) sth等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb/sth in (doing) sth在(做)某事上比得过某人/物
without equal无与伦比
adj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物linking v.与……相等，等于vt.比得上(equality n.平等；相等equally adv.相等地；公平地)
equal
(1)The person I respect most is my head teacher who attaches great importance to honesty， sincerity， bravery and , so he treats each of us students .(equal)(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
equality
equally
(2)(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样吸引人的是，我的沟通技巧无与伦比。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。
Firstly，nobody can is that I am in communication skills. So I hold the firm belief that ____________________ as a volunteer for the fair.
equal me in oral English.Equally attractive
without equal
I am equal to the job
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attempt to do sth尝试(试图)做某事
make an attempt/attempts (to do sth) 尝试(做某事)
at the first attempt第一次尝试
n.&vt.企图；试图；尝试；努力(attempted adj.未遂的)
attempt
(1)Although he survived the (attempt) murder，it took him quite a long time to return to normal.
attempted
(2)我尝试向无家可归的人分发食物，但我笨手笨脚的。我不安地皱了皱眉。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
I ，but I was all thumbs.I frowned anxiously.
(3)(应用文写作之安慰信)不要因为这次失败而感到沮丧，因为很少有人能在第一次尝试中成功。
Don’t be upset because of this failure，because ______________________
____________.
attempted/made an attempt to distribute food to the homeless people
few can succeed at the
first attempt
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measure...by...用……来衡量……
be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算
take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事
make sth to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
vt.测量；估量；衡量linking v.量度为n.措施(measurement n.尺寸；大小；测量)
measure
(1)According to the lecture，you can’t measure someone their appearances and the clothes they wear.
by
(2)In that distant continent，trees are extremely tall，some ___________
(measure) over 90 meters in height.
(3)The tailor insisted that he should make clothes my own measure.
(4)(应用文写作之倡议信)该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。
It is high time that we ____________________________________________
________.
measuring
to
took/should take measures to keep air from being
polluted
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breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气
in one breath一口气；同时
hold one’s breath屏息；屏气
take/draw a deep breath深呼吸
out of breath喘不过气
vi.&vt.呼吸(breath n.呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的)
breathe
(1)Believe it or not，the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one
_________(breathe).(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
(2)It has been proved that in the daytime，plants breathe carbon dioxide and breathe oxygen.
(3)(记叙文写作之活动介绍)大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管(累得)上气不接下气，但我们收获了美丽的风景。
About 2 hours later，we all reached the top._________________________
______________________________________________.
breath
in
out
Though out of breath/
breathless，we were rewarded with beautiful scenery
(4)(读后续写之乐于助人)我深吸一口气，跳入水中，救了那个溺水的女孩。在进行急救后，我屏住呼吸，等待她恢复意识。看到她正常呼吸之后，我松了一口气。
I ，dived into the water and saved the drowning girl. After conducting first aid, I , waiting for her to become conscious. After observing her normally, I ___________
___________.
took/drew a deep breath
held my breath
breathe
breathed a
sigh of relief
be anxious about/for为……担忧
be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)……
with anxiety＝anxiously adv.焦急地
adv.焦虑地；不安地(anxious adj.焦急的；不安的；渴望的anxiety n.忧虑，担心；渴望)
(1)The mother was anxious her little son when knowing that he was frightened by a horrible accident.
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anxiously
about/for
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)他焦虑地等待着结果，如坐针毡。
as if he had been sitting on pins and needles.
(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕别人嘲笑他，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
①David the cross-country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. He was ______________
______________ rolled down his cheeks. (be anxious to do；so...that...)
He was waiting for the results anxiously/with anxiety
was anxious to participate in/take part in
so anxious that
tears of anxiety
②David the cross-country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. __________
.(be anxious that；倒装句)
was anxious that he could participate in/take part in
So anxious
was he that tears of anxiety rolled down his cheeks
run out of用完；耗尽(主语为人)
run across偶然遇见
run after追捕；跟踪；追求
run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)
run for竞选；匆匆去取
用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
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run out
用run短语的适当形式填空
(1)If they certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.(2019·北京)
(2)The explorer much unexpected trouble despite the preparations he had made.
(3)With a fierce dog it，the fox escaped into the jungle as fast as it could.
run out of
ran across/into
running after
(4)Jane’s energy was when her husband emerged, making her smile through tears.
(5)(应用文写作之建议信)Learning that you are the position of chairman of the Student Council, I am writing to inform you of some do’s and don’ts.
running out
running for
break up 结束；(使)破碎；(使)散开
break in破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等)
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)
break away from脱离；挣脱
停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉；消除(矛盾或情态等)
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break down
用break短语的适当形式填空
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)Due to a terrible quarrel，we and he even our organization.I don’t know how to ________
______ our conflict，so could you please be kind enough to offer me some proposals
(2)We were discussing anxiously when he ，“Perhaps someone had the room and set a fire to it，so the fire .”
broke up
broke away from
break
down
broke in
broken into
broke out
“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为
“越……，就越……”。
“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的
变化。
“the more...，the less...”意为“越……，越不……”。
The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell...第一，物体越大，下落越快……
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the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...
(1)The more roads and parking lots we pave，the (little) water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
less
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。
， ，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.
(3)我读的报纸越多，我的英语就越好。所以我真诚地希望你们的报纸越来越好，越来越多的人从中受益。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
I read the newspaper， my English is. So I sincerely hope that your newspaper and ______________
_______ will benefit from it.
The more she thought about it
the more frightened she felt
The more
the better
will be better and better
more and more
people
用法点拨 “the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来意义。
“What if...？”意为“要是……会怎么样，如果……将会怎样？”，
可以看作“What will happen if...？”的省略形式。
What/How about...？……怎么样？
What (...) for？为什么？/(……)是干什么用的？
So what？那又怎么样？
But what if I’m trapped 但是如果我被困住了怎么办？
13
What if...？
(1)Jeff小声说道：“为妈妈准备一顿美味的早餐怎么样？要是我们失败了怎么办呀？”Jenna双眼闪烁着兴奋的光芒回答道：“那又怎么样？至少我们可以为妈妈做点事情了。”(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Jeff whispered，“ preparing a tasty breakfast for our mother we fail？” Jenna responded with her eyes glittering with excitement，“ At least we can do something for our mother.”
What/How about
What if
So what
(2)——你可以去倒空抽屉吗？
——为什么？
—Would you please go and empty the drawer
—_________
What for
印证——高考原句呈现
From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises，the whole experience was amazing.(2022·全国甲)
从观赏野生动物到观看日出，整个经历都令人惊叹。
1
印证——高考原句呈现
2
For them，there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.(2022·全国乙)
对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己不被看到是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。
印证——高考原句呈现
3
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
《健康杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢你的健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。
印证——高考原句呈现
4
If food waste were a country，it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
如果食物浪费集中在一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。
印证——高考原句呈现
5
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry，“food waste goes against the moral grain，” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中所写的那样，在这个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界上，“食物浪费违背了道德常理”。
印证——高考原句呈现
6
Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—has been viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.(2022·浙江1月)
对科学家而言，经常乘飞机去参加会议、讲座、研讨会之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。
印证——高考原句呈现
7
But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.(2022·浙江1月)
但现在科比和其他人正质疑那个想法——推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会以及改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力。
印证——高考原句呈现
8
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with one another.(2022·全国乙)
持久的友谊都具有双方平等联系和彼此分享的特征。
巩固——基础知识达标
1.observe
(1)Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still observe traditional customs.
(2)The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.
(3)Could you tell me how you usually observe Harvest Day in your country？
A.观察 B.庆祝 C.遵守
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
____
C
____
A
____
B
A.(机器)出故障 B.(物质)分解 C.(计划)失败 D.(身体)垮掉 E.(和谈)中断
2.break down
(1)Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
(2)If you work hard like that，you will break down one day.
(3)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.
____
E
____
D
____
A
A.(机器)出故障 B.(物质)分解 C.(计划)失败 D.(身体)垮掉 E.(和谈)中断
(4)Researchers in Spain and England have recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics.
(5)All our plans broke down because of his opposition.
____
B
____
C
A.vt.引导 B.vi.& vt.指挥 C.vt.传导(热或电等能量) D.vt.实施，执行 E.vt.表现，举止
3.conduct
(1)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
(2)The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.
____
D
____
E
A.vt.引导 B.vi.& vt.指挥 C.vt.传导(热或电等能量) D.vt.实施，执行 E.vt.表现，举止
(3)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.
(4)Most metals can conduct electricity.
(5)Dennis has recently begun a successful career conducting opera.
____
A
____
C
____
B
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思
(1)It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.
(2)The emperor conferred(授予) a title on the brave soldier.
(3)He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury.
(4)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.
____
训斥
__________
头衔，称号
_______
赔偿金
____
提出
(5)Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.
(6)I’m sorry, but your name escapes me.
____
休克
______
被遗忘
1.I was (shock) at the news that I got my privacy leaked as a result of using my smartphone.
2.The sailors steered the ship carefully to escape (harm) by the powerful waves.
3.Obviously，his (survive) depends on his perseverance to a degree.
4.Out of (curious)，the girl pressed the red button of the device regardless of the warning.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
shocked
being harmed
survival
curiosity
5.In my opinion，the young man is equal the job on account of his creativity.
6.To my amazement，our first attempt (develop) a new software was a great success.
7.We must take instant (measure) to ensure the safety of the project.
8.Many recommendations came up at the conference about wildlife ___________(protect).
9.In addition，taking a deep (breathe) before taking an exam can help you relieve your stress.
to
to develop
measures
protection
breath
10.These businessmen are anxious (know) the detailed contents of the policy.
11.With my money running ，I have to ask my sister to do me a favour by lending me a few dollars.
12.To make matters worse，his car broke at a location where no help was accessible.
13.The more careful you are，the (few) errors you will make.
14.My cousin，who is addicted to computer games，has difficulty
_____________(concentrate) on his academic work.
to know
out
down
fewer
concentrating
返 回
写 作
能力提升
老实说，我以前在学好英语方面有困难。 (have difficulty in doing...)
_____________________________________________________________
1
2
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ——Youth庆祝创刊十周年)
To be honest，I had difficulty in learning English well before.
一般来说，我过去常常要花大约15分钟才能读完一篇文章。(It takes sb some time to do...)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Generally，it used to take me about 15 minutes to finish reading a passage.
3
4
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
Youth 仿佛是一个神奇的工具，使我的英语水平迅速提高。(as if)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Youth has made my English level improve rapidly as if it were a magical tool.
它受学生欢迎的原因是它涵盖了我们青少年感兴趣的新闻。 (The reason why...is/was that...)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
The reason why it is popular with students is that it covers the news we teenagers are interested in.
5
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
最受喜爱的专栏之一是《我们周围的榜样》，它讲述了我们学校里的优秀学生的故事。(全部倒装)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Among the most loved columns is Role Models Around Us，which tells stories of excellent students in our school.
6
我读它越多，就能读得越快。(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
_____________________________________________________________
The more I read it，the faster I can read.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写
shocked adj.震惊的
frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的
curious adj.好奇的
→curiously adv.好奇地
anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地
cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的
on the edge of在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
at a loss感到迷惑；不知所措
教材续写语料
2.动作描写
turn one’s back on 对……置之不理
float vi.浮；漂
escape vt.&vi.逃离；逃避
observe v.观察；看到
rescue n.&vt.营救；救援
trap vt.困住；使陷入困境
breathe vt.呼吸，呼气
break down停止运转，出故障；(情感等)失控
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
3.环境描写
flood n.洪水v.(使)灌满水；淹没
eruption n.喷发；爆发
wave n.波浪，海浪
crowded adj.拥挤的；充满的
landscape n.风景，景色
shelter n.遮蔽(物)，庇护(处)
教材续写语料
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
大雨倾盆，街道被水淹没。John 正在公交站点躲雨，这时他看到一辆汽车在深水中抛锚了。一个孩子好奇地打开车窗观察外面拍打车门的波浪。司机和乘客被困在了车里。吓坏了的母亲想抱着孩子从车里逃出来。突然，不知所措的她滑倒了，她处于崩溃的边缘，似乎漂浮在绝望的世界里。John震惊之余，立刻跑去救援。齐胸深的水让他呼吸困难，但他怎么能对这对溺水的母子置之不理呢？
续写语料运用
It was pouring and streets . John _________________
_____________at the bus stop when he saw a car break down in deep water.
A child beating the door outside.The driver and the passengers_____________________.___
____________________________________________with the child in her arms. Suddenly, being ，she slipped and was ______________
______________.It seemed as if __________________________________
___________. ，John immediately___________________. The chest-deep water ______________________________，but how could he
_________________________________________
返 回
续写语料运用
were flooded
was taking shelter
from the rain
opened the window curiously to observe the waves
were trapped in the car
The
frightened mother wanted to escape from the car
at a loss
on the edge of
breaking down
she were floating in the world of
helplessness
Shocked
came to their rescue
made it hard for him to breathe
turn his back on the drowning mother and sonⅠ.认阅读单词
1．drought n．旱灾，干旱
2．hurricane n．飓风
3．landslide n．滑坡；塌方
4．volcanic adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的
5．landscape n．风景，景色
6．weed n．野草；海藻
7．deer n．鹿
8．insect n．昆虫
9．whale n．鲸
10．dolphin n．海豚
11．shark n．鲨(鱼)
12．kangaroo n．袋鼠
13．eagle n．鹰
14．fox n．狐狸
15．jungle n．(热带)丛林
16．whirlpool n．旋涡
17．descent n．下降，下落
18．tidal adj.潮汐的，潮水的
19．barrel n．桶
20．extent n．面积；长度；范围；程度
21．tube n．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁
22．lamp n．灯
23．sledge n．雪橇
24．ski n．滑雪板vi.滑雪
25．polar adj.极地的，地极的
26．continent n．洲，大洲；大陆
27．tent n．帐篷
28．brochure n．小册子
29．aftershock n．(地震的)余震
30．metal n．金属
31．skiing n．滑雪运动
32．originality n．独创性；创造力
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．disaster n．灾难；灾祸
2．flood n．洪水，水灾
3．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物
4．comment n．评论；意见
5．crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的
6．living adj.活的，活着的
7．soil n．土壤
8．climate n．气候
9．lecture n．讲座，讲课；演讲
10．overuse vt.过度使用；滥用
11．million n．百万
12．greenhouse n．温室，暖房
13．title n．题目，标题 vt.加标题
14．wave n．海浪；波涛；(情感的)一阵
15．escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避
16．float vi.浮；漂
17．file n．档案，卷宗
18．soul n．灵魂
19．edge n．边缘
20．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
21．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆
22．trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中
23．attempt n．& vt.努力，尝试，企图
24．damage n．伤害，损伤，损害
25．measure vt.估量，衡量；测量
26．overseas adv.在海外，在外国
27．site n．场所，地点
28．process n．过程，进程
29．battle n．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗
30．duty n．职责，义务；责任
31．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
32．nearby adv.附近
33．dust n．灰尘；尘埃
34．captain n．上校；队长；组长
35．base n．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地
36．distant adj.久远的；遥远的
37．shelter n．避难所
38．varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的
39．scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的
40．harmless adj.无害的
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．eruption n．爆发→erupt v．爆发；喷出
2．ecology n．生态；生态学→ecological adj.生态学的；生态的
3．shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n．震惊；休克；冲击→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
4．survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者
5．poetry n．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poem n．诗；诗歌→poet n．诗人
6．mystery n．神秘事物，难以理解的事物→mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的
7．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten v．使受惊；使惊恐
8．horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horribly adv.害怕地；可怕地；极其地
9．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心
10．observation n．观察；观察结果→observe v．观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守
11．equal adj.相等的；相同的；平等的→equally adv.同样地；平等地→equality n．平等
12．interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n．打断，打扰；中断时间
13．death n．死，死亡→die v．死亡→dying adj.垂死的→dead adj.失去生命的；不再使用的
14．loss n．丧失；死亡→lose vt.失去；丢失；使迷路→lost adj.丢失的；迷路的
15．operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作→operate v．运转；做手术；操作→operator n．接线员；操作者
16．conduct vt.实施；执行；进行vi.& vt.指挥→conductor n．指挥；售票员
17．protection n．保护；防护→protect v．保护；防护→protective adj.保护的；防护的
18．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地
19．explorer n．探险者；勘察者→explore v．探索；探究；勘察→exploration n．探索；探究；勘察
20．preparation n．预备，准备→prepare v．准备；预备
21．anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地；担忧地→anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的→anxiety n．忧虑，焦虑
22．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的
23．cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v．使高兴；欢呼 n．欢呼声
24．prove vt.证明；证实→proof n．证据
25．honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.诚实的→dishonest adj.不诚实的
26．sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.诚挚地
27．bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地
28．disappearance n．消失；消亡→disappear vi.消失；消亡；灭绝→appear vi.出现linking v．看来；似乎
1．biography n．传记
2．bless vt.祝福；保佑
3．border n．边缘；边境，国界
4．boundary n．边界；范围；分界线
5．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展
6．brilliant adj.光亮的；极好的
7．broaden vt.拓宽
8．budget n．预算
9．casual adj.随意的；不定期的
10．cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．turn one’s back (on sb/sth)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管
2．in the direction of朝……方向
3．on the edge of在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
4．at great speed高速地
5．be/become curious about对……感到好奇
6．in the end最后
7．pick up去接(某人)；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救
8．breathe in吸气
9．run out用完；耗尽
10．on the way to...在去往……的路上
11．have difficulty with sth在某事方面有困难
12．break down停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.(It takes/took sb some time to do...)
不到一天的时间，我的头发就由黑变白了。
2．I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(as if引导方式状语从句)
我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。
3．The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell...(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
第一，物体越大，下落越快……
4．As you can see，the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.(The reason why...is/was that...)
如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。
5．But what if I’m trapped？(what if...？)
但是如果我被困住了怎么办？
6．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装)
极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。
7．The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.[have difficulty (in) doing...]
下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
In fact，it was out of 1.____________ that I attended the lecture given by a famous explorer，who had just returned from a distant continent. Expecting to hear varied horrible experiences and mysteries in the process of his exploration，I went to the site cheerfully. He indeed shared some stories of 2.____________ against nature with 3.____________，in one of which his vehicle broke down in the polar area because the gas had run out.4.____________ in the scary snowstorm，he attempted to call for rescue through the phone，but it proved useless.Frightened and hungry，he was at a loss and was faced with 5.____________ several times. He was walking anxiously until he found shelter in a nearby base. Besides，the suffering of wildlife shocked us. According to his observation, 6.____________ of animals are on the edge of 7.__________________. Apart from natural disasters such as flood，drought，landslides, volcanic eruptions and hurricane，to some extent, too much greenhouse gas also caused damage to them. Instead of turning our back on the terrible climate, we should take measures to conduct wildlife protection. Having heard his lecture，I find it everyone’s duty to keep the balance of ecology. Equally important is that we should hand out some brochures to teach people to observe natural laws.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信n.休克；打击；震惊(shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.感到震惊的)
in shock震惊地；休克 be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
(1)(读后续写之心理描写) He was on the edge of breaking down， not uttering a word, but pointed to the distance ____________ shock.
(2)听到我的搭档住院的消息，我很震惊。与此同时，我很震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
I ______________________________ that my partner was admitted to hospital. Meanwhile, I ____________________________________ I had no option but to finish our project on my own.
(3) (读后续写之神态描写)看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。
Seeing horrible heavy smoke shooting out of the window，he ____________________________.
escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏n.逃脱；逃避；漏出
escape from从……逃脱；逃避…… escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事 have a narrow escape死里逃生；侥幸躲过
(1)The frightened deer attempted to escape ____________(catch) by the tiger，but in vain.
(2)(读后续写之逃生)我离开帐篷才死里逃生。 我刚从里面逃出来它就烧毁了。
___________________________ by leaving the tent.Hardly _______________________ when it burned down.
survive vi.&vt.活下来；幸存；比……活得长(survivor n．幸存者 survival n．幸存；生还)
survive sth幸免于；从……中活过来 survive on靠……存活下来 A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
(1)If the explorer couldn’t find his way out of the jungle，there would be little chance of ____________(survive)．
(2)All the ____________(survive) have been rescued from the horrible landslide and sent to a nearby shelter.
(3)When I realized that the poor boy survived __________ discarded(丢弃的) food, a wave of sadness and sympathy washed over me.
curious adj.好奇的(curiosity n．好奇；好奇心 curiously adv.好奇地)
be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth极想做某事 out of curiosity出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心
(1)Curious ____________ the process of making a lamp，the boy went to the factory to make a careful observation.
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)出于好奇，我偷偷地透过窗户向办公室内窥视。
________________________，I secretly peeped through the window into the office.
(3)(应用文写作之人物描写)我弟弟总是想知道一切，但似乎没有人能满足他的好奇心。
My brother _______________________，but no one _____________________________.
equal adj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物linking v．与……相等，等于vt.比得上(equality n．平等；相等equally adv.相等地；公平地)
be equal to (doing) sth等于/胜任(做)某事 equal sb/sth in (doing) sth在(做)某事上比得过某人/物 without equal无与伦比
(1)The person I respect most is my head teacher who attaches great importance to honesty， sincerity， bravery and ________________， so he treats each of us students ___________.(equal)
(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
(2)(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样吸引人的是，我的沟通技巧无与伦比。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。
Firstly，nobody can ____________________________________.________________________ is that I am ____________________________________ in communication skills. So I hold the firm belief that ____________________________________ as a volunteer for the fair.
attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试；努力(attempted adj.未遂的)
attempt to do sth尝试(试图)做某事 make an attempt/attempts (to do sth)尝试(做某事) at the first attempt第一次尝试
(1)Although he survived the ____________(attempt) murder，it took him quite a long time to return to normal.
(2)我尝试向无家可归的人分发食物，但我笨手笨脚的。我不安地皱了皱眉。
(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
I ___________________________________________，but I was all thumbs.I frowned anxiously.
(3)(应用文写作之安慰信)不要因为这次失败而感到沮丧，因为很少有人能在第一次尝试中成功。
Don’t be upset because of this failure，because ___________________________________.
measure vt.测量；估量；衡量linking v．量度为n.措施(measurement n．尺寸；大小；测量)
measure...by...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事 make sth to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
(1)According to the lecture，you can’t measure someone ____________ their appearances and the clothes they wear.
(2)In that distant continent，trees are extremely tall，some ____________(measure) over 90 meters in height.
(3)The tailor insisted that he should make clothes ________ my own measure.
(4)(应用文写作之倡议信)该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。
It is high time that we _____________________________________________________.
breathe vi.&vt.呼吸(breath n．呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的)
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 in one breath一口气；同时 hold one’s breath屏息；屏气 take/draw a deep breath深呼吸 out of breath喘不过气
(1)Believe it or not，the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one ___________(breathe)．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
(2)It has been proved that in the daytime，plants breathe ____________ carbon dioxide and breathe __________ oxygen.
(3)(记叙文写作之活动介绍)大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管(累得)上气不接下气，但我们收获了美丽的风景。
About 2 hours later，we all reached the top._____________________ ________________.
(4)(读后续写之乐于助人)我深吸一口气，跳入水中，救了那个溺水的女孩。在进行急救后，我屏住呼吸，等待她恢复意识。看到她正常呼吸之后，我松了一口气。
I ____________________________________，dived into the water and saved the drowning girl. After conducting first aid, I ________________________， waiting for her to become conscious. After observing her ____________ normally, I ________________________.
anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地(anxious adj.焦急的；不安的；渴望的anxiety n．忧虑，担心；渴望)
be anxious about/for为……担忧 be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)…… with anxiety＝anxiously adv.焦急地
(1)The mother was anxious ____________ her little son when knowing that he was frightened by a horrible accident.
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)他焦虑地等待着结果，如坐针毡。
________________________________________________________________________________ as if he had been sitting on pins and needles.
(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕别人嘲笑他，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
①David ______________________________________________ the cross-country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. He was _________________________ rolled down his cheeks. (be anxious to do；so...that...)
②David ____________________________________ the cross-country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. ____________________________________.(be anxious that；倒装句)
run out用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
run out of用完；耗尽(主语为人) run across偶然遇见 run after追捕；跟踪；追求 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for竞选；匆匆去取
用run短语的适当形式填空
(1)If they ________________________ certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.(2019·北京)
(2)The explorer _______________ much unexpected trouble despite the preparations he had made.
(3)With a fierce dog ____________________ it，the fox escaped into the jungle as fast as it could.
(4)Jane’s energy was ________________________ when her husband emerged, making her smile through tears.
(5)(应用文写作之建议信)Learning that you are ________________________ the position of chairman of the Student Council, I am writing to inform you of some do’s and don’ts.
break down 停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉；消除(矛盾或情态等)
break up 结束；(使)破碎；(使)散开 break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等) break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态) break away from脱离；挣脱
用break短语的适当形式填空
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)Due to a terrible quarrel，we __________________ and he even ______________________ our organization.I don’t know how to ________________ our conflict，so could you please be kind enough to offer me some proposals
(2)We were discussing anxiously when he ________________________，“Perhaps someone had ____________________ the room and set a fire to it，so the fire ________________________.”
the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell...第一，物体越大，下落越快……
“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 “比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 “the more...，the less...”意为“越……，越不……”。
(1)The more roads and parking lots we pave，the ____________(little) water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。
_________________________________，____________________________，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.
(3)我读的报纸越多，我的英语就越好。所以我真诚地希望你们的报纸越来越好，越来越多的人从中受益。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
_______________________ I read the newspaper，_______________________ my English is. So I sincerely hope that your newspaper _______________________ and ____________________ will benefit from it.
用法点拨 “the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来意义。
What if...？ But what if I’m trapped 但是如果我被困住了怎么办？
“What if...？”意为“要是……会怎么样，如果……将会怎样？”，可以看作“What will happen if...？”的省略形式。 What/How about...？……怎么样？ What (...) for？为什么？/(……)是干什么用的？ So what？那又怎么样？
(1)Jeff小声说道：“为妈妈准备一顿美味的早餐怎么样？要是我们失败了怎么办呀？”Jenna双眼闪烁着兴奋的光芒回答道：“那又怎么样？至少我们可以为妈妈做点事情了。”
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Jeff whispered，“________________ preparing a tasty breakfast for our mother ______________ we fail？” Jenna responded with her eyes glittering with excitement，“___________________ At least we can do something for our mother.”
(2)——你可以去倒空抽屉吗？
——为什么？
—Would you please go and empty the drawer
—__________________？
1．From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises，the whole experience was amazing.
(2022·全国甲)
从观赏野生动物到观看日出，整个经历都令人惊叹。
2．For them，there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.(2022·全国乙)
对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己不被看到是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。
3．Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”．(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
《健康杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢你的健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。
4．If food waste were a country，it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
如果食物浪费集中在一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。
5．In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry，“food waste goes against the moral grain，” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中所写的那样，在这个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界上，“食物浪费违背了道德常理”。
6．Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—has been viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.(2022·浙江1月)
对科学家而言，经常乘飞机去参加会议、讲座、研讨会之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。
7．But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.(2022·浙江1月)
但现在科比和其他人正质疑那个想法——推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会以及改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力。
8．Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with one another.(2022·全国乙)
持久的友谊都具有双方平等联系和彼此分享的特征。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．observe
(1)Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still observe traditional customs.________
(2)The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.________
(3)Could you tell me how you usually observe Harvest Day in your country？________
2．break down
(1)Talks with business leaders broke down last night.________
(2)If you work hard like that，you will break down one day.________
(3)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.________
(4)Researchers in Spain and England have recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics.________
(5)All our plans broke down because of his opposition.________
3．conduct
(1)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.________
(2)The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.________
(3)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.________
(4)Most metals can conduct electricity.________
(5)Dennis has recently begun a successful career conducting opera.________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class. ____________
(2)The emperor conferred(授予) a title on the brave soldier.____________
(3)He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury.____________
(4)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.___________
(5)Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.________
(6)I’m sorry, but your name escapes me.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I was ____________(shock) at the news that I got my privacy leaked as a result of using my smartphone.
2．The sailors steered the ship carefully to escape ________________(harm) by the powerful waves.
3. Obviously，his ____________(survive) depends on his perseverance to a degree.
4．Out of ____________(curious)，the girl pressed the red button of the device regardless of the warning.
5．In my opinion，the young man is equal ________ the job on account of his creativity.
6．To my amazement，our first attempt __________(develop) a new software was a great success.
7．We must take instant ____________(measure) to ensure the safety of the project.
8．Many recommendations came up at the conference about wildlife ____________(protect)．
9.In addition，taking a deep ____________(breathe) before taking an exam can help you relieve your stress.
10．These businessmen are anxious ____________(know) the detailed contents of the policy.
11．With my money running ____________，I have to ask my sister to do me a favour by lending me a few dollars.
12．To make matters worse，his car broke __________ at a location where no help was accessible.
13．The more careful you are，the ____________(few) errors you will make.
14．My cousin，who is addicted to computer games，has difficulty ____________( concentrate) on his academic work.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ——Youth庆祝创刊十周年)
1．老实说，我以前在学好英语方面有困难。 (have difficulty in doing...)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2．一般来说，我过去常常要花大约15分钟才能读完一篇文章。(It takes sb some time to do...)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3．Youth 仿佛是一个神奇的工具，使我的英语水平迅速提高。(as if)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
4．它受学生欢迎的原因是它涵盖了我们青少年感兴趣的新闻。 (The reason why...is/was that...)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5．最受喜爱的专栏之一是《我们周围的榜样》，它讲述了我们学校里的优秀学生的故事。(全部倒装)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6．我读它越多，就能读得越快。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
shocked adj.震惊的
frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的
curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地
anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地
cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的
on the edge of在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
at a loss感到迷惑；不知所措
2．动作描写
turn one’s back on 对……置之不理
float vi.浮；漂
escape vt.& vi.逃离；逃避
observe v．观察；看到
rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
trap vt.困住；使陷入困境
breathe vt.呼吸，呼气
break down停止运转，出故障；(情感等)失控
3．环境描写
flood n．洪水v.(使)灌满水；淹没
eruption n．喷发；爆发
wave n．波浪，海浪
crowded adj.拥挤的；充满的
landscape n．风景，景色
shelter n．遮蔽(物)，庇护(处)
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
大雨倾盆，街道被水淹没。John 正在公交站点躲雨，这时他看到一辆汽车在深水中抛锚了。一个孩子好奇地打开车窗观察外面拍打车门的波浪。司机和乘客被困在了车里。吓坏了的母亲想抱着孩子从车里逃出来。突然，不知所措的她滑倒了，她处于崩溃的边缘，似乎漂浮在绝望的世界里。John震惊之余，立刻跑去救援。齐胸深的水让他呼吸困难，但他怎么能对这对溺水的母子置之不理呢？
It was pouring and streets _________________________________________________. John ________________________________________________________ at the bus stop when he saw a car break down in deep water.A child ____________________________________________ beating the door outside.The driver and the passengers __________________________________.
_________________________________________________with the child in her arms. Suddenly, being ________________________，she slipped and was _________________________.It seemed as if ___________________________________________________________________________.
____________，John immediately ________________________________________________. The chest-deep water ______________________________________________，but how could he ____________________________________________________________________________
