(共74张PPT)
UNIT 11
CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基 础
知识排查
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compromise n.折中，妥协
tank n.(储存液体或气体的)箱，罐
drummer n.鼓手
drum vi.击鼓，打鼓
n.鼓
property n.房产；所有物；财产
chorus n.齐声；副歌；合唱团
速记——词汇句型背诵
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的
tailor n.(男装)裁缝
literally adv.确实地
balcony n.阳台
unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的
bomb n.炸弹
general n.将军，上将
trench n.战壕，堑壕
frontier n.国界，边境
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murder n.谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪
border n.国界，边界；边境地区
civilian n.平民，老百姓
machine gun 机关枪
identification n.身份证明(文件)
ward n.病房
surgeon n.外科医生
tobacco n.烟叶，烟草
cigarette n.香烟
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alcohol n.含酒精饮品；酒
obesity n.肥胖(症)
tax n.税，税款
sacred adj.神圣的
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detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
somewhat adv.有点，有几分
monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测
n.显示器，监视器
self-control n.自制力；自我控制
plug vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞
Ⅱ.记重点单词
pack vi.& vt.打包
n.包，包裹
vote n.投票(指行为)；票数
cease vt.& vi.停止，终止，结束
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
anyhow adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少
edge n.边缘，外围
arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止
keen adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
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bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼
recall vi.& vt.回想，回忆起
firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地
soldier n.士兵，军人
flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走
weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪)
panic n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌
pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷
pile n.一大堆
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display vt.展示，陈列
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的
midnight n.子夜，午夜
dozen num.一打
ceremony n.仪式，典礼
incident n.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
ban vt.禁止，取缔
n.禁令，禁止
false adj.不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的
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permanent adj.永久的，长久的
carpet n.地毯
ankle n.脚踝
request n.& vt.请求，要求
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Ⅲ.知拓展单词
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negotiate vi.& vt.谈判，协商
→negotiation n.谈判；协商
inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听
→inquiry n.询问；打听
resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)；决定
→resolution n.决定；解决
→resolutely adv.坚决地；坚定地
annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的
→annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
→annoy vt.使生气，惹恼
inconvenience n.不便，麻烦
→convenience n.方便，便利
→inconvenient adj.不方便的
→convenient adj.方便的
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ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的；羞耻的
→shame n.羞耻，惭愧
→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
maturity n.成熟
→mature adj.成熟的
→immature adj.不成熟的
assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)
→assignment n.任务
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complaint n.投诉
→complain v.抱怨；投诉
warning n.警告，警示；告诫
→warn v.警告
departure n.离开，起程
→depart v.离开，出发
prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
→prejudice n.偏见 vt.使怀有偏见；损害
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pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的
→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的
→please v.使高兴
→pleasure n.高兴，愉快，乐趣，乐事
violence n.暴力行为，暴力
→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的
→violently adv.激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
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tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍；宽容
→tolerance n.容忍；忍受；宽容
→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取；撤回
→withdrawal n.撤回；收回；退出
representative n.代表，代理人
→represent vt.代表；象征
greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼
→greeting n.问候；招呼
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mud n.泥，烂泥
→muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的
distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
→distribution n.分配；分布
appreciation n.感激
→appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会
→appreciative adj.欣赏的
fried adj.油炸的，油煎的
→fry vt.& vi.油炸；油煎n.炸薯条
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harm vt.伤害 n.损害，危害
→harmful adj.有害的
→harmless adj.无害的
desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
→desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望
invest vi.& vt.投资
→investment n.投资
conclude vt.作出结论，推断出
→conclusion n.结论；推论
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beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的
→benefit n.利益；好处 v.使获益；受益于
recovery n.康复，痊愈
→recover v.恢复；痊愈
loose adj.松的；宽大的
→loosely adv.松散地；宽松地
→loosen v.放松；(使)变松；松开(手等)
greed n.贪欲，贪婪
→greedy adj.贪婪的
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[词汇助力]
高频词汇
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outstanding adj.杰出的；显著的
overcome vt.克服；战胜
overhead adj.在头上方的；高架的
overlook vt.忽略；俯瞰；远眺
overweight adj.超重的
passport n.护照
patience n.容忍；耐心
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pattern n.式样
peaceful adj.和平的；安宁的
performer n.执行者；演奏者
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be driven mad 被逼疯了
be exposed to 暴露于
from then on 从那时起
take action 釆取行动
come to a resolution 作出决定
a chorus of complaints 齐声抱怨
go back to normal 恢复正常
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Ⅳ.背核心短语
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be prejudiced against 对……有偏见
act of violence 暴行
in a flash 立刻，一瞬间
be fed up (to the neck) with (极度)厌倦
set the ball rolling 使某种活动开始
present sb with sth 授予/赠予某人某物
take sb in one’s arms 把某人拥在怀里
be adapted from 根据……改编
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Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.(being＋adj.作状语)
马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。
She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.(not only...but also...不但……而且……)
她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。
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Ⅴ.悟经典句式
We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！(as if 引导虚拟语气)
我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！
He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes.(be doing...when...正在做……突然……)
他和家人正在吃早餐，这时美军士兵进村了，命令所有村民从家里出来。
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By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as 像……一样)
从样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。
The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.(happen to do sth碰巧做某事)
将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。
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填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
negotiate，resolve，complaint，pleasant，request，annoyed，compromise，recovery
Maria，wife of Ken,1. that the government should issue a ban on alcohol because alcohol had harmed not only Ken but also her.Ken was an alcoholic.The tough guy，who was once a brave soldier fighting bravely to defend the country，could drink dozens of beers a day.Then he would behave as if he were firing a machine gun，after which he would pray and abuse violence.
requested
Maria once got a broken ankle because of this.He might drum on the balcony at midnight or destroy others’ properties，which caused a chorus of 2. .The neighbours couldn’t tolerate him any longer and gave him a warning，hoping that he could cease doing so.Ken was literally a
3. person during his temporary sobriety(清醒) and he was ashamed of his behaviour.He 4. with a few representatives and reached a 5. .If he did such things again，
complaints
pleasant
negotiated
compromise
negotiate，resolve，complaint，pleasant，request，annoyed，compromise，recovery
he would move to a remote village.However，when he stopped drinking，he was bitter about everything he could recall about the war.He became
6. easily and wept for no reason，considering himself a murderer who should be arrested.He had never made a full 7. from the war.After knowing the reason，the community committee wanted to
8. Ken’s problem permanently.
annoyed
negotiate，resolve，complaint，pleasant，request，annoyed，compromise，recovery
recovery
resolve
返 回
核 心
考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
n.惊慌；恐慌vi.&vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌/恐慌
panic
in panic惊慌失措地
get into a panic陷入恐慌
panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事
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(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)简陷入了恐慌，她的心脏跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。
，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly suffocated.
Jane got into a panic
(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)野狼的吼叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抵挡的恐惧。
The roar of the wild wolf ，and I wasn’t aware of how to ease .
(3)当看到那头凶猛的熊拍打我们的栅栏时，我惊慌失措地尖叫。
(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
Seeing the fierce bear hitting our fence，I .
panicked me into screaming
the overwhelming panic
screamed in panic
distribute...to...把……分发给……
distribute...among...在……中分发……
vt.分发；分配(distribution n.分配；分发；分布状态)
distribute
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(1)At present，the world has about 6,800 languages.The ____________
(distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
(2)The relief agency will distribute the food several countries.
(3)Don’t bother to distribute the books us—we will take them ourselves.
distribution
among
to
tolerate (sb) doing...容忍(某人)做……
be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容
vt.容忍；允许；忍受(tolerant adj.忍受的，容忍的；宽容的 tolerance n.容忍；忍耐力)
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tolerate
(1)I literally wouldn’t tolerate (wake) up by the noise of drum at midnight.
(2) However，we can be tolerant delay，for ordinary living requires some (tolerate).
being woken
of/towards
tolerance
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)我坚信你对你的新室友宽容是很明智的。
I firmly believe that ______________________________________________
.
it is wise of you to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards your
new roommates
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ban doing sth禁止做某事
ban sb from (doing) sth禁止某人(做)某事
a ban on...对……的禁令
vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；禁止
ban
(1)When the two countries were at war，civilians were banned ______ crossing the border anyhow.
from
(2)The general banned (come) out of the trenches without permission.
(3)(应用文写作之告知信)虽然政府颁布了一条针对塑料袋的禁令，但人们仍在大量使用塑料袋。
While the government has issued ，people are still using large quantities of them.
coming
a ban on plastic bags
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conclude(...) from...从……中得出/推断出(……)
conclude...with...以……结束……
to conclude总而言之，最后
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论
bring...to conclusion结束……
in conclusion最后，总之
v.断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止(conclusion n.结论)
conclude
(1)The general concluded his inspiring speech a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
＝The general brought his inspiring speech conclusion with a famous saying, “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
，your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners.
with
to
To conclude/In conclusion
(3)(读后续写之亲情升华句)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“在生活这片波涛汹涌的大海中，家庭就是一件救生衣。”
①I ，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclude)
②I ，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclusion)
concluded from my own experience
came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experience
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make a recovery from从……中恢复
recover from从……中恢复
recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来
n.恢复；复苏；康复(recover vi.&vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得；复苏)
recovery
(1)(读后续写之情感描写)哭了大约半个小时后，她逐渐恢复了过来。
After weeping for about half an hour， .
she gradually recovered herself
(2)(应用文写作之安慰信)我真诚地希望你很快从疾病中完全康复。
①I sincerely hope that ___________________________________________
.(recovery)
②I sincerely hope that .
(recover)
you will make a complete recovery from the
disease soon
you will completely recover from the disease soon
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request sb to do sth请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth请求……
It is requested that...(should) do sth. 要求……
at one’s request(＝at the request of sb)应某人的要求
vt.&n.要求；请求
request
(1)The tailor was requested (recall) the details of the incident by the policeman.
to recall
(2)The police requested that both sides (cease) violence，or they would be arrested.
(3)The drummer stopped practising playing the drum at night the request of his neighbours.
(4)(应用文写作之通知)据要求那些参加仪式的人应该穿校服。
those who attend the ceremony __________________
.
(should) cease
at
It is requested that
should wear school
uniforms
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sth happens/happened to sb某事发生在某人身上
The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.
将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。
happen to do sth
sb happens/happened to＋
do sth某人碰巧做某事
be doing sth某人碰巧正在做某事
have done sth某人碰巧做过某事
It happens/happened that...碰巧……
(1) happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
(2)I happened to (withdraw) some money from the ATM so that I could lend 200 dollars to you.
(3)信不信由你，几个月前我第一次碰巧读《青年报》时，我有一种想一口气读完它的冲动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，写作)
Believe it or not， a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath.
It
have withdrawn
the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth
(4)(应用文写作之安慰信)听说不好的事情发生在你身上了，我非常难过，我写信是为了给你提供一些好的建议。
I am terribly sorry to hear that and I am writing to provide you with some good suggestions.
something bad has happened to you
印证——高考原句呈现
Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.(2022·全国乙)
有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝西来到学校，发现孩子们冻得在哭。
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印证——高考原句呈现
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As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica，she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.(2022·全国甲)
当Ginni Bazlinton到达南极洲时，她发现一群渴望说你好的小巴布亚企鹅向她打招呼。
印证——高考原句呈现
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I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use.
(2021·浙江1月)
我紧紧地贴在桌子上，四处转头试图找到合适的角度，但没有用，这时我陷入了恐慌。
印证——高考原句呈现
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The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda，and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.(2021·浙江1月)
科学家们通过跟踪并拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群体，研究了5 000多个有意义的交流事件，发现了这一点。
印证——高考原句呈现
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Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
那些观看阿博特大厅临时展览的人可能会被原谅他们认为自己是在一间城市画廊里。
印证——高考原句呈现
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But our insisting it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
但我们坚持这只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们尝试数百万次打开大门的请求。
印证——高考原句呈现
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Campers learn technical skills of roasting，frying and cutting，as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)
营员们学习烤、炸、切的技术，以及一些可以带回家和家人分享的食谱。
印证——高考原句呈现
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But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
但这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，因此有过此类受伤史的人在选择这项运动时可能要谨慎。
印证——高考原句呈现
9
While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
虽然太阳光线会老化并伤害我们的皮肤，但它们也会给我们提供有益的维生素D。
印证——高考原句呈现
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They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.(2019·北京)
他们总结，如果任务的依存度较高，当人才过多时，团队表现会变差，而如果任务的依存度较低，个别的人才会对团队表现产生积极影响。
巩固——基础知识达标
1.monitor
(1)In each group，the biggest or oldest pupil is made a monitor.
(2)The police use electronic equipment to monitor the whereabouts of young criminals on probation.
(3)He was watching a game of tennis on a television monitor.
A.vt.监控 B.n.显示屏 C.n.班长
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
____
C
____
A
____
B
A.vt.逮捕 B.vt.阻止，抑制 C.vt.吸引 D.n.逮捕
2.arrest
(1)The drug is used to arrest the spread of the disease.
(2)I arrest you in the name of the law.
(3)News of his arrest caused a sensation.
(4)An unusual noise arrested his attention.
____
B
____
A
____
D
____
C
A.遥远的；偏僻的 B.远亲的 C.远程的 D.冷漠的；疏远的 E.细微的，渺茫的
3.remote
(1)All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
(2)There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.
(3)This government depends on the wishes of a few who are remote from the people.
____
A
____
E
____
D
A.遥远的；偏僻的 B.远亲的 C.远程的 D.冷漠的；疏远的 E.细微的，渺茫的
(4)I never get up to turn on the television; I use the remote control.
(5)He is one of my remote cousins and we have been in touch with each other since we parted.
____
C
____
B
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思
(1)Dogs have a keen sense of smell.
(2)The cars had to be recalled due to an engine fault.
(3)Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been recovered.
(4)When she opened the door，she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.
(5)She edged a little closer to me and at last we snuggled together to keep warm.
_______
敏锐的
____
召回
_________
重新获得
_______________
映入……的眼帘
_________
渐渐移动
1.The parcel was opened and a strange furry animal was released from it，making the girl scream panic.
2.When the toys were distributed the orphans，they clasped the presents firmly.
3.The writer sighed heavily and frowned because he couldn’t tolerate
(interrupt) when writing.
4.Students were banned from (hang) out with the hooligans(小混混) at night.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
in
to
being interrupted
hanging
5.As a consequence of the treatment，he made a complete __________
(recover) at last.
6.The case was investigated again the request of the supreme court.
7.I happened (have) lunch in the school canteen when the conflict occurred suddenly.
8.The boy apologized for his rudeness and was ashamed his behaviour.
9.Many excellent works are display in the gallery of our school.
10.I sincerely apologize to you for any (convenient) caused by the unexpected change.
recovery
at
to be having
of
on
inconvenience
返 回
写 作
能力提升
(关于不能陪外国朋友去书店的道歉信)
因为生病了，我不能按计划陪你去书店。(being＋adj.作状语)
_____________________________________________________________
1
2
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
昨天，我在上体育课时突然晕倒了。(be doing...when...)
_____________________________________________________________
Yesterday，I was having the PE class when I suddenly fainted.
Being ill，I can’t accompany you to the bookstore as planned.
3
我不仅要待在家里，而且还要吃很多药。(not only...but also...)
_____________________________________________________________
I have to not only stay at home but also take a lot of medicine.
4
我好像与外界隔绝了。(as if 引导虚拟语气)
_____________________________________________________________
It seems as if I were cut off from the outside.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
5
我希望能成为像你一样健康的人。(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as)
_____________________________________________________________
I hope that I can be as healthy a person as you.
5
此外，我的朋友杰伊这周六正好有时间。如果你不介意，他可以和你一起去。(happen to do sth)
He can go with you if you don’t mind.
In addition，my friend Jay happens to have time this Saturday.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写
annoy vt.使生气；惹恼
ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的；内疚的
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的
keen adj.渴望的；着迷的
weep v.哭泣，流泪
panic n.恐慌；惊恐
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
教材续写语料
2.动作描写
detect vt.发现；查明
monitor v.监视；监听
drum vi.打鼓，击鼓
cease v.停止；终止
greet vt.同……打招呼
flee v.迅速离开；逃离
pray vt.祈祷；请求
recall v.回想起
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
3.环境描写
remote adj.偏僻的，遥远的
frontier n.边界
mud n.泥，烂泥
midnight n.午夜，子夜
ward n.病房
ceremony n.典礼，仪式
sacred adj.神圣的
教材续写语料
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
使James生气的是他将不得不参加颁奖典礼。他痛苦地回忆起了关于这场战斗的一切。曾经，他渴望在边境上作战。然而，当子弹飞过时，他陷入了恐慌，他的心怦怦直跳。他想逃跑，并祈祷战斗能尽快停止。突然他的左腿中了枪，倒进了泥里。当他在病房里苏醒后，他被告知他所有的战友都牺牲了。他感到既沮丧又羞愧，一直哭到午夜。
续写语料运用
was that he would have to _______________
.He .Once he
.However，when bullets were flying by，he and his heart was .He wanted to
as soon as possible.Suddenly，he was shot in the left leg and .____________________
，he was told all his fellow soldiers died._____________________
，he .
返 回
续写语料运用
What annoyed James
attend the award
ceremony
bitterly recalled everything about the battle
was keen to fight on the frontier
got into a panic
drumming fiercely
flee and prayed that the battle would cease
fell into the mud
When he came to life in
the ward
Feeling both frustrated
and ashamed
wept until midnightⅠ.认阅读单词
1．compromise n．折中，妥协
2．tank n．(储存液体或气体的)箱，罐
3．drummer n．鼓手
4．drum vi.击鼓，打鼓 n．鼓
5．property n．房产；所有物；财产
6．chorus n．齐声；副歌；合唱团
7．remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的
8．tailor n．(男装)裁缝
9．literally adv.确实地
10．balcony n．阳台
11．unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的
12．bomb n．炸弹
13．general n．将军，上将
14．trench n．战壕，堑壕
15．frontier n．国界，边境
16．murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪
17．border n．国界，边界；边境地区
18．civilian n．平民，老百姓
19．machine gun机关枪
20．identification n．身份证明(文件)
21．ward n．病房
22．surgeon n．外科医生
23．tobacco n．烟叶，烟草
24．cigarette n．香烟
25．alcohol n．含酒精饮品；酒
26．obesity n．肥胖(症)
27．tax n．税，税款
28．sacred adj.神圣的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
2．somewhat adv.有点，有几分
3．monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测n.显示器，监视器
4．self-control n．自制力；自我控制
5．plug vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞
6．pack vi.& vt.打包n.包，包裹
7．vote n．投票(指行为)；票数
8．cease vt.& vi.停止，终止，结束
9．bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
10．anyhow adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少
11．edge n．边缘，外围
12．arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止
13．keen adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
14．bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼
15．recall vi.& vt.回想，回忆起
16．firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地
17．soldier n．士兵，军人
18．flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走
19．weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪)
20．panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌
21．pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷
22．pile n．一大堆
23．display vt.展示，陈列
24．temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的
25．midnight n．子夜，午夜
26．dozen num.一打
27．ceremony n．仪式，典礼
28．incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
29．ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止
30．false adj.不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的
31．permanent adj.永久的，长久的
32．carpet n．地毯
33．ankle n．脚踝
34．request n．& vt.请求，要求
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．negotiate vi.& vt.谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判；协商
2．inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听→inquiry n．询问；打听
3．resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)；决定→resolution n．决定；解决→resolutely adv.坚决地；坚定地
4．annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的→annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoy vt.使生气，惹恼
5．inconvenience n．不便，麻烦→convenience n．方便，便利→inconvenient adj.不方便的→convenient adj.方便的
6．ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的；羞耻的→shame n．羞耻，惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
7．maturity n．成熟→mature adj.成熟的→immature adj.不成熟的
8．assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)→assignment n．任务
9．complaint n．投诉→complain v．抱怨；投诉
10．warning n．警告，警示；告诫→warn v．警告
11．departure n．离开，起程→depart v．离开，出发
12．prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的→prejudice n．偏见 vt.使怀有偏见；损害
13．pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→please v．使高兴→pleasure n．高兴，愉快，乐趣，乐事
14．violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
15．tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍；宽容→tolerance n．容忍；忍受；宽容→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
16．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取；撤回→withdrawal n．撤回；收回；退出
17．representative n．代表，代理人→represent vt.代表；象征
18．greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n．问候；招呼
19．mud n．泥，烂泥→muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的
20．distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分配；分布
21．appreciation n．感激→appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会→appreciative adj.欣赏的
22．fried adj.油炸的，油煎的→fry vt.& vi.油炸；油煎n.炸薯条
23．harm vt.伤害 n．损害，危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
24．desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的→desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望
25．invest vi.& vt.投资→investment n．投资
26．conclude vt.作出结论，推断出→conclusion n．结论；推论
27．beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的→benefit n．利益；好处 v．使获益；受益于
28．recovery n．康复，痊愈→recover v．恢复；痊愈
29．loose adj.松的；宽大的→loosely adv.松散地；宽松地→loosen v．放松；(使)变松；松开(手等)
30．greed n．贪欲，贪婪→greedy adj.贪婪的
1．outstanding adj.杰出的；显著的
2．overcome vt.克服；战胜
3．overhead adj.在头上方的；高架的
4．overlook vt.忽略；俯瞰；远眺
5．overweight adj.超重的
6．passport n．护照
7．patience n．容忍；耐心
8．pattern n．式样
9．peaceful adj.和平的；安宁的
10．performer n．执行者；演奏者
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．be driven mad被逼疯了
2．be exposed to暴露于
3．from then on从那时起
4．take action釆取行动
5．come to a resolution作出决定
6．a chorus of complaints齐声抱怨
7．go back to normal恢复正常
8．be prejudiced against对……有偏见
9．act of violence 暴行
10．in a flash立刻，一瞬间
11．be fed up (to the neck) with(极度)厌倦
12．set the ball rolling使某种活动开始
13．present sb with sth授予/赠予某人某物
14．take sb in one’s arms 把某人拥在怀里
15．be adapted from 根据……改编
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.(being＋adj.作状语)
马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。
2．She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.(not only...but also...不但……而且……)
她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。
3．We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！(as if 引导虚拟语气)
我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！
4．He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes.(be doing...when...正在做……突然……)
他和家人正在吃早餐，这时美军士兵进村了，命令所有村民从家里出来。
5．By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as 像……一样)
从样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。
6．The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.(happen to do sth碰巧做某事)
将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Maria，wife of Ken,1.____________ that the government should issue a ban on alcohol because alcohol had harmed not only Ken but also her.Ken was an alcoholic.The tough guy，who was once a brave soldier fighting bravely to defend the country，could drink dozens of beers a day.Then he would behave as if he were firing a machine gun，after which he would pray and abuse violence.Maria once got a broken ankle because of this.He might drum on the balcony at midnight or destroy others’ properties，which caused a chorus of 2.____________.The neighbours couldn’t tolerate him any longer and gave him a warning，hoping that he could cease doing so.Ken was literally a 3.__________ person during his temporary sobriety(清醒) and he was ashamed of his behaviour.He 4.____________ with a few representatives and reached a 5.________.If he did such things again，he would move to a remote village.However，when he stopped drinking，he was bitter about everything he could recall about the war.He became 6.____________ easily and wept for no reason，considering himself a murderer who should be arrested.He had never made a full 7.____________ from the war.After knowing the reason，the community committee wanted to 8.____________ Ken’s problem permanently.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
panic n．惊慌；恐慌vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌/恐慌
in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic陷入恐慌 panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事
(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)简陷入了恐慌，她的心脏跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。
________________________，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly suffocated.
(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)野狼的吼叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抵挡的恐惧。
The roar of the wild wolf ____________________________________，and I wasn’t aware of how to ease ____________________________________.
(3)当看到那头凶猛的熊拍打我们的栅栏时，我惊慌失措地尖叫。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
Seeing the fierce bear hitting our fence，I ________________________.
distribute vt.分发；分配(distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态)
distribute...to...把……分发给…… distribute...among...在……中分发……
(1)At present，the world has about 6,800 languages.The ____________(distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
(2)The relief agency will distribute the food ____________ several countries.
(3)Don’t bother to distribute the books ____________ us—we will take them ourselves.
tolerate vt.容忍；允许；忍受(tolerant adj.忍受的，容忍的；宽容的 tolerance n．容忍；忍耐力)
tolerate (sb) doing...容忍(某人)做…… be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容
(1)I literally wouldn’t tolerate ________________________(wake) up by the noise of drum at midnight.
(2) However，we can be tolerant ______________________ delay，for ordinary living requires some ____________(tolerate)．
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)我坚信你对你的新室友宽容是很明智的。
I firmly believe that ____________________________________________________________.
ban vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；禁止
ban doing sth禁止做某事 ban sb from (doing) sth禁止某人(做)某事 a ban on...对……的禁令
(1)When the two countries were at war，civilians were banned ____________ crossing the border anyhow.
(2)The general banned ____________(come) out of the trenches without permission.
(3)(应用文写作之告知信)虽然政府颁布了一条针对塑料袋的禁令，但人们仍在大量使用塑料袋。
While the government has issued ____________________________________，people are still using large quantities of them.
conclude v．断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止(conclusion n．结论)
conclude(...) from...从……中得出/推断出(……) conclude...with...以……结束…… to conclude总而言之，最后 draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 bring...to conclusion结束…… in conclusion最后，总之
(1)The general concluded his inspiring speech __________ a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
＝The general brought his inspiring speech __________ conclusion with a famous saying, “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
____________________________________，your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners.
(3)(读后续写之亲情升华句)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“在生活这片波涛汹涌的大海中，家庭就是一件救生衣。”
①I ________________________________________________，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclude)
②I __________________________________________________________________________，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclusion)
recovery n．恢复；复苏；康复(recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得；复苏)
make a recovery from从……中恢复 recover from从……中恢复 recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来
(1)(读后续写之情感描写)哭了大约半个小时后，她逐渐恢复了过来。
After weeping for about half an hour，________________________________________.
(2)(应用文写作之安慰信)我真诚地希望你很快从疾病中完全康复。
①I sincerely hope that ___________________________________________________.(recovery)
②I sincerely hope that ____________________________________________________.(recover)
request vt.& n．要求；请求
request sb to do sth请求某人做某事 request that...(should) do sth请求…… It is requested that...(should) do sth.要求…… at one’s request(＝at the request of sb)应某人的要求
(1)The tailor was requested ______________(recall) the details of the incident by the policeman.
(2)The police requested that both sides ________________________( cease) violence，or they would be arrested.
(3)The drummer stopped practising playing the drum at night ____________ the request of his neighbours.
(4)(应用文写作之通知)据要求那些参加仪式的人应该穿校服。
__________________ those who attend the ceremony __________________________________.
happen to do sth The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.
将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。
sth happens/happened to sb某事发生在某人身上 sb happens/happened to＋ It happens/happened that...碰巧……
(1)____________ happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
(2)I happened to ________________________( withdraw) some money from the ATM so that I could lend 200 dollars to you.
(3)信不信由你，几个月前我第一次碰巧读《青年报》时，我有一种想一口气读完它的冲动。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，写作)
Believe it or not，________________________________________________________ a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath.
(4)(应用文写作之安慰信)听说不好的事情发生在你身上了，我非常难过，我写信是为了给你提供一些好的建议。
I am terribly sorry to hear that _____________________________________________________ and I am writing to provide you with some good suggestions.
1．Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.(2022·全国乙)
有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝西来到学校，发现孩子们冻得在哭。
2．As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica，she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.(2022·全国甲)
当Ginni Bazlinton到达南极洲时，她发现一群渴望说你好的小巴布亚企鹅向她打招呼。
3．I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use.(2021·浙江1月)
我紧紧地贴在桌子上，四处转头试图找到合适的角度，但没有用，这时我陷入了恐慌。
4．The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda，and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.(2021·浙江1月)
科学家们通过跟踪并拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群体，研究了5 000多个有意义的交流事件，发现了这一点。
5．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
那些观看阿博特大厅临时展览的人可能会被原谅他们认为自己是在一间城市画廊里。
6．But our insisting it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
但我们坚持这只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们尝试数百万次打开大门的请求。
7．Campers learn technical skills of roasting，frying and cutting，as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families.(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)
营员们学习烤、炸、切的技术，以及一些可以带回家和家人分享的食谱。
8．But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
但这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，因此有过此类受伤史的人在选择这项运动时可能要谨慎。
9．While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
虽然太阳光线会老化并伤害我们的皮肤，但它们也会给我们提供有益的维生素D。
10．They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.(2019·北京)
他们总结，如果任务的依存度较高，当人才过多时，团队表现会变差，而如果任务的依存度较低，个别的人才会对团队表现产生积极影响。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．monitor
(1)In each group，the biggest or oldest pupil is made a monitor.________
(2)The police use electronic equipment to monitor the whereabouts of young criminals on probation.________
(3)He was watching a game of tennis on a television monitor. ________
2．arrest
(1)The drug is used to arrest the spread of the disease.________
(2)I arrest you in the name of the law.________
(3)News of his arrest caused a sensation. ________
(4)An unusual noise arrested his attention.________
3．remote
(1)All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.________
(2)There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.________
(3)This government depends on the wishes of a few who are remote from the people.________
(4)I never get up to turn on the television; I use the remote control.________
(5)He is one of my remote cousins and we have been in touch with each other since we parted.________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Dogs have a keen sense of smell.____________
(2)The cars had to be recalled due to an engine fault.____________
(3)Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been recovered.____________
(4)When she opened the door，she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.____________
(5)She edged a little closer to me and at last we snuggled together to keep warm.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The parcel was opened and a strange furry animal was released from it，making the girl scream __________ panic.
2．When the toys were distributed ____________ the orphans，they clasped the presents firmly.
3．The writer sighed heavily and frowned because he couldn’t tolerate ________________________(interrupt) when writing.
4．Students were banned from ____________(hang) out with the hooligans(小混混) at night.
5．As a consequence of the treatment，he made a complete ____________(recover) at last.
6．The case was investigated again ____________ the request of the supreme court.
7．I happened ________________________(have) lunch in the school canteen when the conflict occurred suddenly.
8．The boy apologized for his rudeness and was ashamed ____________ his behaviour.
9．Many excellent works are ____________ display in the gallery of our school.
10．I sincerely apologize to you for any __________(convenient) caused by the unexpected change.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(关于不能陪外国朋友去书店的道歉信)
1．因为生病了，我不能按计划陪你去书店。(being＋adj.作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
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2．昨天，我在上体育课时突然晕倒了。(be doing...when...)
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3．我不仅要待在家里，而且还要吃很多药。(not only...but also...)
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4．我好像与外界隔绝了。(as if 引导虚拟语气)
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5．我希望能成为像你一样健康的人。(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as)
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6．此外，我的朋友杰伊这周六正好有时间。如果你不介意，他可以和你一起去。(happen to do sth)
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Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
annoy vt.使生气；惹恼
ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的；内疚的
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的
keen adj.渴望的；着迷的
weep v．哭泣，流泪
panic n．恐慌；惊恐
appreciation n．欣赏；感激
2．动作描写
detect vt.发现；查明
monitor v．监视；监听
drum vi.打鼓，击鼓
cease v．停止；终止
greet vt.同……打招呼
flee v．迅速离开；逃离
pray vt.祈祷；请求
recall v．回想起
3．环境描写
remote adj.偏僻的，遥远的
frontier n．边界
mud n．泥，烂泥
midnight n．午夜，子夜
ward n．病房
ceremony n．典礼，仪式
sacred adj.神圣的
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
使James生气的是他将不得不参加颁奖典礼。他痛苦地回忆起了关于这场战斗的一切。曾经，他渴望在边境上作战。然而，当子弹飞过时，他陷入了恐慌，他的心怦怦直跳。他想逃跑，并祈祷战斗能尽快停止。突然他的左腿中了枪，倒进了泥里。当他在病房里苏醒后，他被告知他所有的战友都牺牲了。他感到既沮丧又羞愧，一直哭到午夜。
______________________ was that he would have to ____________________________.He ________________________________________________________________________.Once he ________________________________________________________________________.However，when bullets were flying by，he ____________________________________ and his heart was ________________________.He wanted to ____________________________________________ as soon as possible.Suddenly，he was shot in the left leg and _____________________________.
________________________________________________________________________，he was told all his fellow soldiers died.___________________________________________________，he ____________________________________________________________.
