(共71张PPT)
UNIT 12
INNOVATION
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基 础
知识排查
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vitamin n.维生素
labour-saving adj.节省劳力的
microscope n.显微镜
correspond vi.通信
satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
orbit n.轨道
vi.& vt.沿轨道运行
速记——词汇句型背诵
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
particle n.粒子，质点
premier adj.最好的；最重要的
subsequently adv.后来，随后
relativity n.相对性
mould n.霉，霉菌
penicillin n.青霉素，盘尼西林
navy n.海军
missile n.导弹，飞弹
physicist n.物理学家
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tube n.圆管，管子；电视显像管，
阴极射线管
circuit n.电路，线路；环形道路
coincidence n.运气；巧合
incubation n.孵化
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n.博士学位
cosmology n.宇宙论，宇宙学
kettle n.水壶，壶
revolution n.彻底变革，革命
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fibre n.(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维
mechanical adj.机械的
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well-being n.健康，幸福，舒适
garbage n.垃圾
device n.设备，装置；修辞手段
instant adj.立刻的，马上的
launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
split vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)
outspoken adj.坦率的，直言不讳的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
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constant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的
n.常量，恒量
finding n.研究的结果；发现
biologist n.生物学家
perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉
million num.百万
humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
outcome n.结果，后果
joint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的
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emerge vi.出现，浮现
overcome vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜
decline vi.减少，降低
grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
bonus n.意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利
gravity n.重力，引力
steam n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力
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Ⅲ.知拓展单词
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entertainment n.娱乐活动，娱乐节目
→entertain v.招待；使快乐；娱乐
→entertaining adj.有趣的
gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
→gift n.天赋，天才，才能；礼物
productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
→produce v.生产 n.农产品
→product n.产品；产物
→production n.生产；产量
scientific adj.科学(上)的
→science n.科学
→scientist n.科学家
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donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献
→donation n.捐赠，捐献
→donor n.捐赠者
accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确
→accurate adj.正确的，准确的
→accurately adv.准确地
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efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地
→efficient adj.高效的
→inefficient adj.效率低的
→efficiency n.效率
propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)
→proposal n.提议；建议；求婚
clueless adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的
→clue n.线索；提示
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evaluation n.评价，评估
→evaluate v.评价，评估
theoretical adj.理论的
→theory n.理论；学说
boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n.沸腾
→boiling adj.炎热的；炽热的
→boiled adj.煮沸的，煮熟的
improvement n.改善，改进；改进之处
→improve v.改善；提高
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availability n.可能性
→available adj.可利用的；可得到的
explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长
→explosion n.爆炸
→explosive adj.(易)爆炸的
mass n.大量，大宗；质量adj.大量的
→massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
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sailor n.水手，海员
→sail v.航行，起航
→sailing n.帆船运动；航行
illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图
→illustration n.说明，阐明
regulate vt.控制，管理
→regulation n.规则；规章；管理
preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n.腌菜，果酱
→preservation n.维护；保存
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specifically adv.特定地，专门地
→specific adj.特别的；具体的；明确的
electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的
→electrical adj.电的，与电有关的
→electronic adj.电子的
→electricity n.电；电能
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[词汇助力]
高频词汇
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policy n.政策
polish vt.磨光；修改；润色
portable adj.手提的，便携式的
positive adj.积极的
possibility n.可能，可能性
primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的
principle n.原理；原则；信条
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process n.过程
vt.加工
prohibit vt.阻止；禁止
promote vt.促进；提升
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in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
have sth on one’s hands 有某事要处理
not to mention... 更不用说……
range from...to... 范围从……到……
figure out 算出；弄懂；弄清楚
single out 挑选；挑出
turn to sb 向某人求助
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Ⅳ.背核心短语
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in a joint effort 在共同努力下
go out 熄灭
be dedicated to 致力于；献身于
be expected to do sth 预计会做某事
be reduced to 减少到
reflect on 仔细考虑，反省
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If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands.(if 引导的虚拟条件句)
如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
...and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.(the way 作先行词的定语从句)
……我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和发送即时信息。
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Ⅴ.悟经典句式
...it used so much energy that when it was turned on，the lights in the local town went out！(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地镇子上的灯都熄灭了！
Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”，with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests.(with＋宾语＋done)
不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。
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This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own.
[形容词(短语)作状语]
这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe.(argue that...认为……)
在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
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As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.(as引导的时间状语从句)
当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
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填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
efficiently，propose，perceive，improvement，accuracy，regulate，productive
The world needs innovations for our well-being.We need 1. crops for the ever increasing population，electric labour-saving devices to work more
2. and some new ways to deal with garbage.Some people think that only gifted people can invent new things.For example，Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity，which shows even time，mass or length are not constant.
productive
efficiently
Biologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.Eckert，an engineer and Mauchly，a physicist，produced a machine to improve the
3. of missiles in a joint effort.Hawking 4. the Big Bang Theory in spite of his disability.James Watt invented the first steam engine.However，their achievements lay in the fact that they could
5. some otherwise ignored phenomena and they overcame various difficulties.Subsequently outstanding outcomes emerged.
accuracy
efficiently，propose，perceive，improvement，accuracy，regulate，productive
proposed
perceive
If we common people are dedicated to the 6. of something，maybe we will cause a revolution.So if you want to find a good way to
7. traffic or to preserve food，just launch your project instantly.
A bonus is specifically waiting for you.
improvement
efficiently，propose，perceive，improvement，accuracy，regulate，productive
regulate
返 回
核 心
考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
n.文娱节目；娱乐；招待，款待(entertain vi.&vt.使娱乐，使快乐；招待 entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的)
entertainment
to one’s entertainment使某人高兴的是
entertain sb to sth用某物招待某人
entertain sb with sth用某物使某人快乐
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(1)You have helped me overcome a mass of problems, so I will entertain you what you like eating most.Then, we will go to the cinema for
(entertain).
to
entertainment
(2)(读后续写之安慰)发现母亲在哭，小汤米不遗余力地用他能想到的方法来让她开心。他生动地给她讲有趣的故事。最后，让他高兴的是，他的母亲破涕为笑了。
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy spared no effort to
.He vividly told ___________
to her.Finally, , his mother smiled through tears.
entertain her with whatever he could think of
entertaining
stories
to his entertainment
adj.有天赋的；天才的(gift n.礼物；天才；天赋)
gifted
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(1)Being the son of a skilled sailor，the boy seemed to be gifted sailing.
＝ Being the son of a skilled sailor，the boy seemed to have a gift sailing.
in
be gifted in在……方面有天赋
have a gift for对……有天赋
for
(2)(应用文写作之通知)许多有天赋的学生和音乐教师将在音乐节期间进行表演。
during the music festival.
Many gifted students and music teachers will put on performances
a decline in在……方面下降
in decline/on the decline在衰退中，走下坡路
decline to do...拒绝做……
decline to减少到……
decline by减少了……
n.衰落；减少vi.减少；下降；婉言谢绝
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decline
(1)These lights，known as adaptive signals，have led to significant declines both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
(2020·浙江7月)
(2)Howard declined (take) bonus humbly in spite of his great contributions to the programme.
(3)It is not surprising that the enterprise is the decline for lack of innovation.
(4)(话题写作之介绍现状)由于疫情，去年该度假村的游客人数下降了60%。
The number of tourists to the resort because of the epidemic.
to take
in
on
declined by 60% last year
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preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
be well/strictly preserved被很好/严格地保存/保护
vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护；保护；保留n.保护区；腌菜，果酱(preservation n.维护；保护；保养)
preserve
(1)Penicillin has played an important role in preserving wounds ___________
infection and subsequently saves millions of lives.
from/against
(2)(话题写作之传统文化与习俗)在我看来，一些传统的旧习俗应该被很好地保留，所以迫切需要想出一些有效的保护措施。
From my point of view，_________________________________________
.So there is an urgent need to think of ______________
.
some traditional old customs should be well
preserved
some effective
preservation measures
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as作连词，可引导以下状语从句：
作“在……期间，当……的时候，随着……”解，引导时间状语从句。
作“由于”解，引导原因状语从句，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的
原因或理由。
作“像……，按照……的方式”解，引导方式状语从句。
用于as...as或not so/as...as中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，引导比较
状语从句。
表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序，构成
“n./v./adj./adv.＋as＋主语＋谓语/系动词”结构。
As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.
当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
as引导的状语从句
(1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思
①As time goes by，more and more people have perceived that only by joint efforts can we preserve oceans from being polluted.
② You should treat others as you would like to be treated.
③ Child as he is，he can propose some scientific improvement measures.
④ I boiled with anger，as my son didn’t behave well at table.
____
随着
______________
按照……的方式
____
尽管
____
因为
(2)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)随着公共汽车越来越靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。
，Tom shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
(3)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race.
As the bus got closer and closer to the town
Exhausted and hungry as we were
(4)我不像你一样了解这座城市，所以你能带我参观一下这座城市吗？
I , so could you please show me around the city
don’t know the city as well as you do
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This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own.这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
形容词(短语)作状语
此句中的completely separate from our own是形容词短语作状语，其具体用法如下：
形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、
句末或句中，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。
形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子
的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
(1)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到了家，虽然筋疲力尽但还健康。
To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，_________
.
(2)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。
，they were in tears.
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)害怕找不到去农场的路，我坐在一棵树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。
，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
exhausted
but healthy
Excited and moved
Afraid of not finding my way to the farm
(4)出乎意料的是，父亲并没有勃然大怒，反而和颜悦色地和我交谈。
, my father didn’t explode with anger and instead, he talked with me mildly.
Unexpectedly
印证——高考原句呈现
Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him，it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
迈克·科廷一直都明白我的芝麻菜故事——但对他来说，这更像是捐赠的12盒即将变质的草莓。
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印证——高考原句呈现
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“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W.Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
“我们需要将一些可以改变人们行为的东西写入法律。”菲力克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动了该州2001年禁止司机使用手持设备的禁令。
印证——高考原句呈现
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A year later，much to my delight，this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me.(2022·全国甲)
令我非常高兴的是，一年后，这个男人拿出一个装有戒指的小盒子向我求婚。
印证——高考原句呈现
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To frame his story，Klein creates the character of Ned，a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime.(2022·浙江1月)
为了构建他的故事，克莱因创造了奈德这个角色，一个虚构的见证者，在他的一生中见证了美国的蒸汽和电力革命所带来的进步。
印证——高考原句呈现
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The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.(2022·浙江1月)
定期锻炼的好处已经被很好地记载了，但现在又有一项新的好处要添到这个日益增加的列表里了。
印证——高考原句呈现
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In another (study)，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
在另一项研究中，当员工工作的场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。
印证——高考原句呈现
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The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
人与植物之间的联系一直是科学研究的主题。
印证——高考原句呈现
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Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
(2020·全国Ⅰ)
由于月球的表面阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须向月球上方的轨道上的某个点发射一颗卫星，在那里它可以向探测器和地球发送信号。
印证——高考原句呈现
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She had split up with her husband the week before，was living in a flat by herself，and since she’d found it too much to cope with，she’d taken it out on other people.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
一周前，她和丈夫分手了，一个人住在公寓里，而且她因为觉得自己应付不过来，就把气撒在了别人身上。
印证——高考原句呈现
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For the past two years，Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they’re close to a solution.
(2019·全国Ⅱ)
在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究在零重力条件下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经快找到解决方案了。
巩固——基础知识达标
1.preserve
(1)We must preserve our natural resources.
(2)The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food.
(3)No hunting is allowed in the preserve.
A.n.保护区 B.vt.保护 C.vt.保存
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
____
B
____
C
____
A
2.mass
(1)Modern education is a mass enterprise.
(2)After harvest we will have a mass of rice.
(3)Einstein studied the relation between energy and mass.
(4)We must be concerned about the welfare of the masses.
____
D
____
A
A.n.大量 B.n.民众 C.n.质量 D.adj.大规模的，大众的
____
C
____
B
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思
(1)The satellite itself will orbit around the Earth for a period of time.
(2)The enemy launched an attack at 2 o’clock in the morning.
(3)Jack boiled when he lost the game because of his own mistake.
(4)He was afraid that if he proposed she might refuse.
_________________
在……轨道上运行
____
发起
_________
怒火中烧
____
求婚
(5)Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.
(6)A company had problems when it tried to introduce instant coffee to the French market.
____
拒绝
______
速溶的
1.I really admire the manager because he is gifted resolving problems efficiently.
2.To my (entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber.
3.The general proposed that they (cease) fire and negotiate a compromise.
4.The surgeon declined (attend) the ceremony，saying that he would have an important operation to perform that day.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
in
entertainment
(should) cease
to attend
5.Though overcome panic，the tailor picked up courage and came out to see what had happened.
6.Unfortunately，just I took out my camera，a woman approached from behind，and planted herself right in front of my view.
7.The ban on plastic bags is to preserve the environment being polluted.
8.A few representatives from different companies donated necessary supplies the disaster area.
by/with
as
from
to
9.The old soldier has a good memory and can recall the violent battle with (accurate).
10.The scientist is dedicated the research in spite of his advanced age.
accuracy
to
返 回
写 作
能力提升
(2019·1月上海——关于通过APP 分享衣物的看法)
在我看来，你建议的处理衣服的方式非常棒。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
_____________________________________________________________
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Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
我非常喜欢这个想法，以至于我想立刻在应用程序上展示我的衣服。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I like the idea so much that I want to show my clothes on the App right now.
In my opinion，the way you suggest to deal with clothes is very brilliant.
3
4
因为我长得快，很多看起来还新的衣服都不再适合我了。(as 引导的状语从句)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I grow fast，many clothes which still look new don’t fit me any longer.
如果我把它们扔掉，那就是在浪费钱。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
_____________________________________________________________
It would be a waste of money if I threw them away.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
5
6
我认为我们也可以分享一些在特殊场合穿的衣服。(argue that...认为……)
_____________________________________________________________
I argue that we can also share some clothes for special occasions.
此外，在图片上展示尺码，衣服将被更好地分享。(with＋宾语＋done)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In addition，with the size shown on the picture，the clothes will be shared better.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写
instant adj.立即的 n.某一时刻
boil v.(使)沸腾；用开水煮；怒火中烧
explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长
perceive vt.意识到；察觉
grand adj.宏伟的；了不起的
教材续写语料
2.动作描写
launch vt.开始从事；发起
emerge vi.出现，兴起
donate vt.捐赠；捐献
overcome vt.克服；战胜；受到……的极大影响
split vt.分裂；分开
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
3.环境描写
garbage n.垃圾
mass n.一群；一堆
steam n.水蒸气；蒸汽
教材续写语料
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
在非洲旅行时，Hans看到一个人把食物扔进垃圾桶，在它旁边有一群孩子在寻找可以吃的东西。他怒不可遏，完全被悲伤影响。一个伟大的想法出现在他的脑海，即他可以为那些可怜的孩子捐赠食物。他一回到家，就发起了一场反对饥饿的运动。
续写语料运用
When traveling in Africa，Hans saw a guy throwing food into ____
，beside which ____________________________________
.He ___________________________________________________
. in his mind that he could ___________
. ，he _________
against starvation.
返 回
续写语料运用
the
garbage can
a mass of kids were looking for something
to eat
boiled/exploded with anger and was totally overcome by
sadness
A grand idea emerged
donate food
for those poor children
The instant he returned home
launched
a campaignⅠ.认阅读单词
1．vitamin n．维生素
2．labour-saving adj.节省劳力的
3．microscope n．显微镜
4．correspond vi.通信
5．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
6．orbit n．轨道 vi.& vt.沿轨道运行
7．particle n．粒子，质点
8．premier adj.最好的；最重要的
9．subsequently adv.后来，随后
10．relativity n．相对性
11．mould n．霉，霉菌
12．penicillin n．青霉素，盘尼西林
13．navy n．海军
14．missile n．导弹，飞弹
15．physicist n．物理学家
16．tube n．圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管
17．circuit n．电路，线路；环形道路
18．coincidence n．运气；巧合
19．incubation n．孵化
20．PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n．博士学位
21．cosmology n．宇宙论，宇宙学
22．kettle n．水壶，壶
23．revolution n．彻底变革，革命
24．fibre n．(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维
25．mechanical adj.机械的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．well-being n．健康，幸福，舒适
2．garbage n．垃圾
3．device n．设备，装置；修辞手段
4．instant adj.立刻的，马上的
5．launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
6．split vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)
7．outspoken adj.坦率的，直言不讳的
8．constant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n．常量，恒量
9．finding n．研究的结果；发现
10．biologist n．生物学家
11．perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉
12．million num.百万
13．humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
14．outcome n．结果，后果
15．joint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的
16．emerge vi.出现，浮现
17．overcome vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜
18．decline vi.减少，降低
19．grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
20．bonus n．意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利
21．gravity n．重力，引力
22．steam n．水蒸气；蒸汽动力
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．entertainment n．娱乐活动，娱乐节目→entertain v．招待；使快乐；娱乐→entertaining adj.有趣的
2．gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的→gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物
3．productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→produce v．生产 n．农产品→product n．产品；产物→production n．生产；产量
4．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
5．donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠，捐献→donor n．捐赠者
6．accuracy n．准确性；精准度；正确，准确→accurate adj.正确的，准确的→accurately adv.准确地
7．efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→efficient adj.高效的→inefficient adj.效率低的→efficiency n．效率
8．propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)→proposal n．提议；建议；求婚
9．clueless adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的→clue n．线索；提示
10．evaluation n．评价，评估→evaluate v．评价，评估
11．theoretical adj.理论的→theory n．理论；学说
12．boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾→boiling adj.炎热的；炽热的→boiled adj.煮沸的，煮熟的
13．improvement n．改善，改进；改进之处→improve v．改善；提高
14．availability n．可能性→available adj.可利用的；可得到的
15．explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explosion n．爆炸→explosive adj.(易)爆炸的
16．mass n．大量，大宗；质量adj.大量的→massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
17．sailor n．水手，海员→sail v．航行，起航→sailing n．帆船运动；航行
18．illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustration n．说明，阐明
19．regulate vt.控制，管理→regulation n．规则；规章；管理
20．preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n．腌菜，果酱→preservation n．维护；保存
21．specifically adv.特定地，专门地→specific adj.特别的；具体的；明确的
22．electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→electrical adj.电的，与电有关的→electronic adj.电子的→electricity n．电；电能
1．policy n．政策
2．polish vt.磨光；修改；润色
3．portable adj.手提的，便携式的
4．positive adj.积极的
5．possibility n．可能，可能性
6．primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的
7．principle n．原理；原则；信条
8．process n．过程 vt.加工
9．prohibit vt.阻止；禁止
10．promote vt.促进；提升
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．in spite of虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
2．have sth on one’s hands有某事要处理
3．not to mention...更不用说……
4．range from...to...范围从……到……
5．figure out算出；弄懂；弄清楚
6．single out 挑选；挑出
7．turn to sb向某人求助
8．in a joint effort在共同努力下
9．go out熄灭
10．be dedicated to 致力于；献身于
11．be expected to do sth预计会做某事
12．be reduced to 减少到
13．reflect on 仔细考虑，反省
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands.(if 引导的虚拟条件句)
如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
2．...and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.(the way 作先行词的定语从句)
……我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和发送即时信息。
3．...it used so much energy that when it was turned on，the lights in the local town went out！(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地镇子上的灯都熄灭了！
4．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”，with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests.(with＋宾语＋done)
不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。
5．This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own.[形容词(短语)作状语]
这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
6．In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe.(argue that...认为……)
在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
7．As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.(as引导的时间状语从句)
当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
The world needs innovations for our well-being.We need 1.____________ crops for the ever increasing population，electric labour-saving devices to work more 2.____________ and some new ways to deal with garbage.Some people think that only gifted people can invent new things.For example，Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity，which shows even time，mass or length are not constant.Biologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.Eckert，an engineer and Mauchly，a physicist，produced a machine to improve the 3.____________ of missiles in a joint effort.Hawking 4.____________ the Big Bang Theory in spite of his disability.James Watt invented the first steam engine.However，their achievements lay in the fact that they could 5.____________ some otherwise ignored phenomena and they overcame various difficulties.Subsequently outstanding outcomes emerged.If we common people are dedicated to the 6.____________ of something，maybe we will cause a revolution.So if you want to find a good way to 7.____________ traffic or to preserve food，just launch your project instantly.A bonus is specifically waiting for you.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
entertainment n．文娱节目；娱乐；招待，款待(entertain vi.& vt.使娱乐，使快乐；招待 entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的)
to one’s entertainment使某人高兴的是 entertain sb to sth用某物招待某人 entertain sb with sth用某物使某人快乐
(1)You have helped me overcome a mass of problems, so I will entertain you ____________ what you like eating most.Then, we will go to the cinema for ____________(entertain)．
(2)(读后续写之安慰)发现母亲在哭，小汤米不遗余力地用他能想到的方法来让她开心。他生动地给她讲有趣的故事。最后，让他高兴的是，他的母亲破涕为笑了。
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy spared no effort to _________________________
__________________.He vividly told ________________________________________________ to her.Finally, ____________________________________， his mother smiled through tears.
gifted adj.有天赋的；天才的(gift n．礼物；天才；天赋)
be gifted in在……方面有天赋 have a gift for对……有天赋
(1)Being the son of a skilled sailor，the boy seemed to be gifted ____________ sailing.
＝Being the son of a skilled sailor，the boy seemed to have a gift ____________ sailing.
(2)(应用文写作之通知)许多有天赋的学生和音乐教师将在音乐节期间进行表演。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ during the music festival.
decline n．衰落；减少vi.减少；下降；婉言谢绝
(1)These lights，known as adaptive signals，have led to significant declines ____________ both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.(2020·浙江7月)
(2)Howard declined ____________(take) bonus humbly in spite of his great contributions to the programme.
(3)It is not surprising that the enterprise is ____________ the decline for lack of innovation.
(4)(话题写作之介绍现状)由于疫情，去年该度假村的游客人数下降了60%。
The number of tourists to the resort ______________________________ because of the epidemic.
preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护；保护；保留n.保护区；腌菜，果酱(preservation n．维护；保护；保养)
preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… be well/strictly preserved被很好/严格地保存/保护
(1)Penicillin has played an important role in preserving wounds ________________________ infection and subsequently saves millions of lives.
(2)(话题写作之传统文化与习俗)在我看来，一些传统的旧习俗应该被很好地保留，所以迫切需要想出一些有效的保护措施。
From my point of view，_______________________________________________________.So there is an urgent need to think of ________________________________________.
as引导的状语从句 As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.
当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
as作连词，可引导以下状语从句： 作“在……期间，当……的时候，随着……”解，引导时间状语从句。 作“由于”解，引导原因状语从句，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。 作“像……，按照……的方式”解，引导方式状语从句。 用于as...as或not so/as...as中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。 表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序，构成“n./v./adj./adv.＋as＋主语＋谓语/系动词”结构。
(1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思
①As time goes by，more and more people have perceived that only by joint efforts can we preserve oceans from being polluted.____________
② You should treat others as you would like to be treated.____________
③Child as he is，he can propose some scientific improvement measures.____________
④ I boiled with anger，as my son didn’t behave well at table.____________
(2)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)随着公共汽车越来越靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。
____________________________________________________________________，Tom shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
(3)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
________________________________________________________________________，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race.
(4)我不像你一样了解这座城市，所以你能带我参观一下这座城市吗？
I ____________________________________________________________， so could you please show me around the city
形容词(短语)作状语 This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own.这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。
此句中的completely separate from our own是形容词短语作状语，其具体用法如下： 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
(1)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到了家，虽然筋疲力尽但还健康。
To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，________________________.
(2)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。
____________________________________，they were in tears.
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)害怕找不到去农场的路，我坐在一棵树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。
________________________________________________________________________，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
(4)出乎意料的是，父亲并没有勃然大怒，反而和颜悦色地和我交谈。
________________， my father didn’t explode with anger and instead, he talked with me mildly.
1.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him，it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
迈克·科廷一直都明白我的芝麻菜故事——但对他来说，这更像是捐赠的12盒即将变质的草莓。
2．“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W．Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
“我们需要将一些可以改变人们行为的东西写入法律。”菲力克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动了该州2001年禁止司机使用手持设备的禁令。
3．A year later，much to my delight，this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me.(2022·全国甲)
令我非常高兴的是，一年后，这个男人拿出一个装有戒指的小盒子向我求婚。
4．To frame his story，Klein creates the character of Ned，a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime.
(2022·浙江1月)
为了构建他的故事，克莱因创造了奈德这个角色，一个虚构的见证者，在他的一生中见证了美国的蒸汽和电力革命所带来的进步。
5．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.(2022·浙江1月)
定期锻炼的好处已经被很好地记载了，但现在又有一项新的好处要添到这个日益增加的列表里了。
6．In another (study)，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
在另一项研究中，当员工工作的场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。
7．The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
人与植物之间的联系一直是科学研究的主题。
8．Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
由于月球的表面阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须向月球上方的轨道上的某个点发射一颗卫星，在那里它可以向探测器和地球发送信号。
9．She had split up with her husband the week before，was living in a flat by herself，and since she’d found it too much to cope with，she’d taken it out on other people.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
一周前，她和丈夫分手了，一个人住在公寓里，而且她因为觉得自己应付不过来，就把气撒在了别人身上。
10．For the past two years，Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they’re close to a solution.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究在零重力条件下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经快找到解决方案了。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．preserve
(1)We must preserve our natural resources.________
(2)The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food. ________
(3)No hunting is allowed in the preserve.________
2．mass
(1)Modern education is a mass enterprise.________
(2)After harvest we will have a mass of rice.________
(3)Einstein studied the relation between energy and mass.________
(4)We must be concerned about the welfare of the masses.________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The satellite itself will orbit around the Earth for a period of time.____________
(2)The enemy launched an attack at 2 o’clock in the morning. ____________
(3)Jack boiled when he lost the game because of his own mistake.____________
(4)He was afraid that if he proposed she might refuse.____________
(5)Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.____________
(6)A company had problems when it tried to introduce instant coffee to the French market.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I really admire the manager because he is gifted ____________ resolving problems efficiently.
2．To my ________________(entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber.
3．The general proposed that they ______________(cease) fire and negotiate a compromise.
4．The surgeon declined ________________(attend) the ceremony，saying that he would have an important operation to perform that day.
5．Though overcome ________________ panic，the tailor picked up courage and came out to see what had happened.
6．Unfortunately，just ____________ I took out my camera，a woman approached from behind，and planted herself right in front of my view.
7．The ban on plastic bags is to preserve the environment ____________ being polluted.
8．A few representatives from different companies donated necessary supplies ________ the disaster area.
9．The old soldier has a good memory and can recall the violent battle with __________(accurate)．
10．The scientist is dedicated ____________ the research in spite of his advanced age.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2019·1月上海——关于通过APP 分享衣物的看法)
1．在我看来，你建议的处理衣服的方式非常棒。(the way 作先行词的定语从句)
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2．我非常喜欢这个想法，以至于我想立刻在应用程序上展示我的衣服。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
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3．因为我长得快，很多看起来还新的衣服都不再适合我了。(as 引导的状语从句)
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4．如果我把它们扔掉，那就是在浪费钱。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
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5．我认为我们也可以分享一些在特殊场合穿的衣服。(argue that...认为……)
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6．此外，在图片上展示尺码，衣服将被更好地分享。(with＋宾语＋done)
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Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
instant adj.立即的 n．某一时刻
boil v．(使)沸腾；用开水煮；怒火中烧
explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长
perceive vt.意识到；察觉
grand adj.宏伟的；了不起的
2．动作描写
launch vt.开始从事；发起
emerge vi.出现，兴起
donate vt.捐赠；捐献
overcome vt.克服；战胜；受到……的极大影响
split vt.分裂；分开
3．环境描写
garbage n．垃圾
mass n．一群；一堆
steam n．水蒸气；蒸汽
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
在非洲旅行时，Hans 看到一个人把食物扔进垃圾桶，在它旁边有一群孩子在寻找可以吃的东西。他怒不可遏，完全被悲伤影响。一个伟大的想法出现在他的脑海，即他可以为那些可怜的孩子捐赠食物。他一回到家，就发起了一场反对饥饿的运动。
When traveling in Africa，Hans saw a guy throwing food into ________________________，beside which ________________________________________.He ________________________ and _____________________.__________________________________ in his mind that he could ________________________________.________________________________________________________________________，he ____________________________________ against starvation.
