(共85张PPT)
UNIT 3
CONSERVATION
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基 础
知识排查
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item n.一项，一条
rhino n.犀牛
horn n.(牛、羊等头上的)角
asteroid n.小行星
hatch vi.& vt.(使)孵化
packet n.小包，小盒
packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
速记——词汇句型背诵
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
coconut n.椰子
shell n.壳；贝壳
innovative adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的
refillable adj.可再填充的
bin n.垃圾箱
carton n.硬纸盒；塑料盒
cutlery n.餐具
council n.委员会；理事会
roadworks n.道路施工
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organic adj.不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的
institute n.机构；研究院
poultry n.家禽肉，家禽
committee n.委员会
temple n.庙宇，寺院
Confucius 孔子
memorial n.纪念馆；纪念碑
adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
carve vt.雕，刻
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typhoon n.台风
Atlantic adj.大西洋的
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plastic adj.塑料制的
threat n.威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
switch vi.& vt.转换，改变
incredibly adv.非常地，极端地
species n.物种，种
mass adj.大量的
decrease vi.& vt.减少
n.减少；减少的量
Ⅱ.记重点单词
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blame vt.责怪，指责
affect vt.影响
solar adj.太阳光(能)的
restore vt.(使)恢复
wrap vt.包，裹
transportation n.交通运输系统，运输方式
swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下
chopsticks n.筷子
jam n.拥挤，堵塞；果酱
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decade n.十年，十年期
gas n.气，气体
cancer n.癌症
essay n.论说文；散文
involve vt.包含；需要
billion n.十亿
instance n.例子，实例
claim vt.声称；断言；主张
n.声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求
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drug n.药物，药材；毒品
sum vt.概括，总结
n.金额，款项；总数
valley n.谷，山谷
thunderstorm n.雷暴
agricultural adj.农业的
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Ⅲ.知拓展单词
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conservation n.保护
→conserve vt.保护；节约
→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的
destroy vt.破坏；毁掉
→destruction n.破坏；毁坏
mining n.采矿业
→mine n.矿；矿井
→miner n.矿工
recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用
→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的
→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的
informative adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的
→inform v.通知
→information n.信息
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illegally adv.非法地，违法地
→illegal adj.非法的，违法的
→legally adv.合法地
→legal adj.合法的
hunt vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀
→hunting n.打猎
→hunter n.猎人
extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的
→extinction n.灭绝
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urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的
→urgently adv.迫切地；急切地
→urgency n.紧急情况
unusual adj.异常的；不平常的
→unusually adv.不寻常地
→usual adj.平常的
→usually adv.通常地
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varied adj.形形色色的
→vary v.变化
→various adj.各种各样的
→variety n.种类
endangered adj.濒危的
→endanger v.使面临危险；危及；危害
→danger n.危险
→dangerous adj.危险的
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consumer n.消费者
→consume v.消费；消耗；吃，喝
→consumption n.消费；消耗
wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的
→waste v.& n.浪费
dirt n.灰尘，尘土
→dirty adj.脏的
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realistic adj.现实的，实际的
→real adj.真的；真实的
→really adv.真正地；确实地
→reality n.真实；现实
→realize vt.实现；认识到
aware adj.意识到的，明白的
→awareness n.意识
→unaware adj.不知道的；未察觉到的
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collection n.收集；收藏品；专辑
→collect v.收集；收藏
anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的
→anxiety n.焦虑
reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的
→reuse v.再使用，重复使用
stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的
→stick v.将……刺入(或插入)；刺
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annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
→annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼
→annoying adj.使人烦恼的
→annoyance n.生气；令人烦恼的事物
anger n.愤怒；怒气
→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的
→angrily adv.气愤地；愤怒地
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relate vi.相联系，有关联
→related adj.相联系的
→relation n.联系，关联
regular adj.定期的，有规律的
→regularly adv.有规律地
→irregular adj.无规律的
suit vt.适合 n.套装
→suitable adj.适合的
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opponent n.对手；反对者
→oppose v.反对
→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
cruel adj.残忍的
→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地
→cruelty n.残忍
chemical adj.化学的 n.化学品
→chemistry n.化学
→chemist n.化学家；药剂师
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scenic adj.景色优美的
→scene n.地点，现场；场面
→scenery n.风景
historic adj.古老的；历史上重要的
→history n.历史
→historian n.历史学家
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[词汇助力]
高频词汇
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export n.& vt.出口
expose vt.揭露；暴露
extraordinary adj.非凡的；卓越的
extremely adv.极其；非常
eyewitness n.目击证人
feature n.特征；特色
fiction n.小说；虚构，编造
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fierce adj.猛烈的；凶猛的
flee vi.逃走；逃跑
flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的
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die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
wipe out 彻底毁灭
be to blame 把……归咎于
be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
traffic jam 交通堵塞
stressed out 焦虑的
be related to 与……有关联
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Ⅳ.背核心短语
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for instance 例如
sum up 概括，总结
have a role 起某种作用
do one’s part 尽自己的职责
set out 开始做某事，着手进行
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Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.(It is not unusual for sb to do...)
虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。
They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.(倍数表达法)
他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
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Ⅴ.悟经典句式
Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
This morning，it took me 40 minutes to go downtown.(It takes sb some time to do...)
今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。
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How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry？(形容词作状语)
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？
Up to 90 people can travel in one bus，while the same number will need at least 18 cars.(while连接并列句)
一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。
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填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
switch，extinction，aware，anxious，endanger，destroy，chemical
It’s said that dinosaurs died out because of a natural disaster.But now，many species are 1. or even extinct just because humans do varied harm to them.For instance，tigers are being illegally hunted in an incredibly cruel way for their fur while rhinos，for their horns.Besides，we 2.________________ their habitats by cutting down trees，throwing away unrecyclable plastic rubbish everywhere and discharging polluted water that contains poisonous
3. into rivers.
endangered
have destroyed
chemicals
It is human activities that are to blame for the mass 4. .However，we should be 5. of the fact that without the species on which we depend for our survival，we would be also at risk.Many 6. environmentalists write informative and innovative essays to educate people to go green.
Conservation measures involve 7. to solar energy，stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks that can not be recycled，and taking public transportation on a regular basis to and from work.To sum up，everybody has a role to play in protecting our planet and if we all set out to do our part，the harmonious world will be restored.
extinction
switch，extinction，aware，anxious，endanger，destroy，chemical
aware
anxious
switching
返 回
核 心
考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
n.(电路的)开关 v.改变，转变
switch
switch off关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源)
switch on打开；开始运行
switch(...)from...to...把(……)由……转变为……
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(应用文写作之口头通知) 请注意！ 我们将从火车转乘有轨电车到省博物馆。到达目的地后，请确保所有手机处于关机状态。打开手机会影响我们访问。
Attention, please! We will to reach the provincial museum.Upon reaching the destination, please make sure all mobile phones . will influence our visit.
switch from the train to the tram
are switched off
Switching them on
decrease by...减少了……
decrease (from...) to...(从……)减少到……
on the decrease 正在下降；正在减少
on the increase 正在增加
vi.& vt.减少n.减少；减少的量
decrease
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(1)To sum up， the number of new students decreased 210 160.
That is to say, the number decreased 24%.
from
to
by
(2)We have been aware that it is because of varied human activities that the number of ocean animals (正在下降).So there is an urgent need to switch our wrongdoing so that their number
(将会逐渐增加).
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
is decreasing/on the decrease
will be gradually on the increase
blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式
表被动意义)
take/deserve the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
v.把……归咎于，责怪 n.(坏事或错事的)责任；指责；过失
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blame
(1)We human beings are supposed to take the blame extinct or endangered species，so we must do our part in wildlife conservation.
(2)(话题写作之人际交往)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是因错误而指责其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也应该受到责备。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不仅仅是把错误归咎于其他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always ________________
.After all，many times .So instead of _______
，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
for
blame others for
mistakes
we are also to blame
blaming
mistakes on others/putting the blame for mistakes on others
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be annoyed with sb对某人生气
be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气
What annoys sb most is that...最让某人生气的是……
to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是
adj.恼怒的；生气的(annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰；使烦恼；使生气annoying adj.令人生气的annoyance n.恼怒)
annoyed
(1)I was annoyed him his annoying rude table manners.
with
about/at
(2)最使我生气的是我被分配和一位非常严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着黑色衣服，还总是对其他人的工作不满意。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
① , I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always not satisfied with others’ work.(annoyance)
② I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always not satisfied with others’ work.(what引导的主语从句)
Much to my annoyance
What annoyed me most was that
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under stress在压力之下
lay/place/put stress on/upon...强调……
疲惫不堪；焦虑不安(stressed adj.焦虑不安的 stress n.压力 vt.强调 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的)
stressed out
(1)Facing such (stress) work, I am so anxious that I feel like sitting on pins and needles.
stressful
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)每次我有压力或者焦虑不安时，我都会毫不犹豫地向我的父母求助。
，I will turn to my parents for help without hesitation.
(3)我怎么强调海洋保护的重要性都不为过。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
①I can’t ocean conservation too much.(stress n.)
②I can’t ocean conservation too much.(stress vt.)
Every time I am under stress or stressed (out)
lay/place/put stress on/upon the significance of
stress the importance of
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relate...to...把……和……联系起来
relate to涉及；和……相关；谈到；理解
(be) related to有关系的；有关联的
v.涉及；使联系(related adj.有关的；相关的relation n.关系；联系；亲属)
relate
(1)It is claimed that the “new four great inventions” are all related ____
China’s high-tech innovations.
to
(2)(记叙文之写人)我们的班主任不仅能理解我们学生，而且他还能不断地将我们正在学习的东西与现实世界联系起来。
Not only can our head teacher but also he can constantly .
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)由于有丰富的相关经验，我深信我会非常胜任这个职位。
，I am greatly convinced that I will be incredibly qualified for the position.
relate to us students
relate what we are studying to the real world
With so much related experience
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suit...to...使……适合……
suit one’s needs适合某人的需要
be suitable for 对……适合的
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
vt.适合n.套装(suitable adj.合适的；适用的)
suit
(1)(应用文写作之申请信)I do believe I am suitable this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.
＝I do believe I am suitable (do) this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.
(2)如果以上安排不符合您的需求，请毫不犹豫地告知我，以便我为您量身定制相关项目。
If the above arrangements don’t ，please inform me without hesitation so that I can .
用法点拨 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；fit多指大小、形状等合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等搭配。
for
to do
suit your needs
suit relevant items to you
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work out 解决；算出
set out开始做某事，着手进行
turn out 结果是
check out结账后离开
come out出版；长出
die out灭亡；逐渐消失
彻底毁灭，消灭
wipe out
用“动词＋out”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The disease threatens to the entire population.
(2)It is reported that 844 species have in the past decade.
(3)He didn’t tell us for sure when his new book would but said that he was working hard to finish it.
(4)Once they arrived，they to separate unrecyclable rubbish from the waste that was reusable.
(5)It that the maths problem was difficult，but my partner and I decided to it .
wipe out
died out
come out
set out
turned out
work
out
make up弥补；构成；编造；和解
make up for补偿，弥补
turn up 开大；出现
go up 上升；上涨
set up 设立；建立
take up开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)；拿起
add up加起来；总计
总结；概括
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sum up
用“动词＋up”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The story may in one sentence: Hard work can _____
a lack of ability.
(2)With the price of houses ，I have no alternative but to _____
a part-time job in a company that by my friends three years ago.
(3)Once my mother ，I swallowed my pride，rushed to her and said sorry to her，trying to with her.
(4)I have great difficulty these numbers，so could you please give me a hand
be summed up
up for
going up
make
take
up
was set up
turned up
make up
adding up
倍数的表达方式：
A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of B
They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
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倍数表达法
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
(1)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as)
(2)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than)
three times as large as
three times larger than
(3)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋the＋名词＋of)
three times the size of
without引导含蓄虚拟语气既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中
用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设
(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
有类似用法的还有：otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等或上下
文的暗示。
Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
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without引导含蓄虚拟语气
(1)如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
Without setbacks, .
(2)要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
But for this experience，I ________________________________________
.
(3)如果当时有她的鼓励，我就不会在接下来的一天里都沉浸在悲伤里。
With her encouragement，I ______________________________________
.
our life would not be filled with wonderful stories
wouldn’t have realized that I should spend
more time with my family
wouldn’t have been immersed in sorrow for
the rest of the day
(4)如果没有分发的食物，这些无家可归的人可能会饿一整晚，并且失去生活的希望。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
①Without distributed food, _______________________________________
.
②These homeless people got distributed food, otherwise _______________
.
whole night and lost hope of life
these homeless people might have starved the
they might have
starved the whole night and lost hope of life
印证——高考原句呈现
That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
那就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野队是不寻常的。
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印证——高考原句呈现
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Most importantly，Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification，which he showed in New York City.(2022·浙江1月)
最重要的是，爱迪生意识到成功依赖于大规模的电气化，他在纽约展示了这一点。
印证——高考原句呈现
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Transportation invoices must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
为了保证拿到奖学金，您必须在访问后60天内收到交通发票。
印证——高考原句呈现
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New research found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life—and if they did，it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
(2022·浙江1月)
新的研究发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低大约90%，而且，即便她们患上痴呆症，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。
印证——高考原句呈现
5
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
大卫患有一种大脑疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们都把他当作一个普通的孩子。
印证——高考原句呈现
6
Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？(2022·全国乙)
一小组无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？
印证——高考原句呈现
7
Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars，early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.
(2021·北京)
即使这种计时方法在其细节上是新颖的，早期农业社会也将时间与自然现象联系起来。
印证——高考原句呈现
8
But she came forth and walked forward，and I walked forward，and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain，you know，it was like a nuclear fusion.(2021·浙江1月)
但她走了出来，向前走，我也向前走，感情，我的眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道，就像核聚变一样。
印证——高考原句呈现
9
In pre-classical Greece，for instance，people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season.(2021·北京)
例如，在前古典希腊，人们通过前后移动日期来“修正”官方日历，以反映季节的变化。
印证——高考原句呈现
10
In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
在撒马尔罕，比塞尔先生欣赏了当地的建筑奇迹，而在前往布哈拉的途中，在被警方怀疑贩毒时，体验了一把警察的办案手法。
巩固——基础知识达标
1.claim
(1)It is claimed that the red dragon is a positive symbol，indicating strength and a sense of national identity.
(2)The police say that if no one claims the watch，you can keep it.
A.n.索赔 B.vt.声称 C.vt.夺去(生命) D.vt.认领
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
____
B
____
D
(3)The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery.
(4)It is reported that the hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.
____
A
____
C
A.n.索赔 B.vt.声称 C.vt.夺去(生命) D.vt.认领
A.n.一团；大堆 B.n.民众 C.n.质量 D.adj.大量的
2.mass
(1)When a block of ice becomes water，the mass will stay the same but the volume will change.
(2)The UK，uniquely，has not had to face the problem of mass unemployment.
(3)Masses of snow and rocks fell down the mountain.
(4)We should often seek opinions from the masses.
____
C
____
D
____
A
____
B
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思
(1)When hearing the familiar sound of the horn of ships，I can’t help bursting into tears.
(2)What trick are those children hatching？
(3)The waiters gave free drinks to the regulars at Thanksgiving.
(4)You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.
(5)The paper got jammed and it broke down.
______
汽笛声
_____
策划
____
常客
________________
动弹不得；卡住了
___________
掩饰；抑制
(6)I can’t work next weekend—will you switch with me？
(7)I watched for the desert sunsets，and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago.
____
调班
____
寻找
1.After being rejected as a fashion designer，the young man switched ___ environment conversation.
2.The bridge completed last year collapsed，and it was said that an overloaded truck was (blame).
3.However hard he works，he won’t be recognised as a success by his mother，which is really (annoy).
4.It is his lack of self-discipline that is related his being fired by the company.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
to
to blame
annoying
to
5.The ultimate goal of the millionaire is to earn (billion) of dollars at the end of the year.
6.It (claim) that another three astronauts will be sent into space next month.
7.Many party members are devoted to wiping poverty in underdeveloped areas.
8.You are required to sum the main idea of the passage with a maximum，rather than a minimum of 6 words.
billions
is claimed
out
up
9.Without the hybrid rice cultivated by Yuan Longping，many people
(die) from hunger in the past.
10. took much time as well as patience to convince him to stay in when parents went out.
would have died
It
返 回
写 作
能力提升
(2020·上海1月——关于如何处理临期食品的建议)
超市有大量的接近保质期(expiration date)的食品并不少见。(It is not unusual for sb/sth to do sth)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
2
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
如果没有合适的方法来处理这些食品，可能会浪费大量的食品和钱。(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Without a proper way to deal with these foods，there might be a great waste of food and money.
It is not unusual for supermarkets to have large amounts of food approaching the expiration date.
3
4
有些人建议进行一次特卖，而另一些人则建议捐赠给有需要的人。(while连接并列句)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some people propose a special sale while others suggest donating the food to people in need.
有些老人住在离超市很远的地方，他们去那里买食物会花很多时间。(It takes sb some time to do...)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some old people live far away from the supermarket and it will take them much time to get there to buy food.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
5
现在食物可以送到他们家里，这样他们可以在家里既舒服又轻松地等待。(形容词短语作状语)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now the food can be delivered to their homes，so they can wait at home，comfortable and relaxed.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写
anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的
stressed out焦虑的
anger n.愤怒，怒气
annoyed adj.恼怒的，气恼的
教材续写语料
2.动作描写
blame v.责怪，指责
set out出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作
wrap v.包，裹
swallow vt.& vi.吞，咽；忍耐
carve v.雕，刻
affect vt.影响
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
3.环境描写
plastic adj.塑料制的
varied adj.形形色色的；多变的
shell n.(炮、贝、卵、坚果等的)壳；外壳
dirt n.污物；灰尘；泥土
traffic jam交通堵塞
typhoon n.台风
教材续写语料
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
valley n.山谷
scenic adj.景色优美的
historic adj.历史悠久的
packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
教材续写语料
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象感到恼火，她不能抑制她的愤怒。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞的情况。由于对小镇感到焦虑，Cinderella开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。
续写语料运用
Cinderella lives in .However，she ____
some phenomena recently and she __________________
.Everywhere she goes，she will see ，
and characters .Besides，there are often in the town. ，Cinderella
with other environmentalists.Instead of
，she decides to __________________
.
返 回
续写语料运用
a historic and scenic town
is
annoyed about
couldn’t swallow her
anger
varied plastic packaging
shells of nuts
carved on walls and trees
traffic jams
Anxious about her town
sets out to clean up the rubbish
blaming the tourists for pollution
affect others with her
behaviourⅠ.认阅读单词
1．item n．一项，一条
2．rhino n．犀牛
3．horn n．(牛、羊等头上的)角
4．asteroid n．小行星
5．hatch vi.& vt.(使)孵化
6．packet n．小包，小盒
7．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
8．coconut n．椰子
9．shell n．壳；贝壳
10．innovative adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的
11．refillable adj.可再填充的
12．bin n．垃圾箱
13．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒
14．cutlery n．餐具
15．council n．委员会；理事会
16．roadworks n．道路施工
17．organic adj.不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的
18．institute n．机构；研究院
19．poultry n．家禽肉，家禽
20．committee n．委员会
21．temple n．庙宇，寺院
22．Confucius孔子
23．memorial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
24．carve vt.雕，刻
25．typhoon n．台风
26．Atlantic adj.大西洋的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．plastic adj.塑料制的
2．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
3．switch vi.& vt.转换，改变
4．incredibly adv.非常地，极端地
5．species n．物种，种
6．mass adj.大量的
7．decrease vi.& vt.减少 n．减少；减少的量
8．blame vt.责怪，指责
9．affect vt.影响
10．solar adj.太阳光(能)的
11．restore vt.(使)恢复
12．wrap vt.包，裹
13．transportation n．交通运输系统，运输方式
14．swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下
15．chopsticks n．筷子
16．jam n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱
17．decade n．十年，十年期
18．gas n．气，气体
19．cancer n．癌症
20．essay n．论说文；散文
21．involve vt.包含；需要
22．billion n．十亿
23．instance n．例子，实例
24．claim vt.声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求
25．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
26．sum vt.概括，总结n.金额，款项；总数
27．valley n．谷，山谷
28．thunderstorm n．雷暴
29．agricultural adj.农业的
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．conservation n．保护→conserve vt.保护；节约→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的
2．destroy vt.破坏；毁掉→destruction n．破坏；毁坏
3．mining n．采矿业→mine n．矿；矿井→miner n．矿工
4．recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的
5．informative adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的→inform v．通知→information n．信息
6.illegally adv.非法地，违法地→illegal adj.非法的，违法的→legally adv.合法地→legal adj.合法的
7．hunt vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀→hunting n．打猎→hunter n．猎人
8．extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n．灭绝
9．urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的→urgently adv.迫切地；急切地→urgency n．紧急情况
10．unusual adj.异常的；不平常的→unusually adv.不寻常地→usual adj.平常的→usually adv.通常地
11．varied adj.形形色色的→vary v．变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．种类
12．endangered adj.濒危的→endanger v．使面临危险；危及；危害→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的
13．consumer n．消费者→consume v．消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumption n．消费；消耗
14．wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的→waste v．& n．浪费
15．dirt n．灰尘，尘土→dirty adj.脏的
16．realistic adj.现实的，实际的→real adj.真的；真实的→really adv.真正地；确实地→reality n．真实；现实→realize vt.实现；认识到
17．aware adj.意识到的，明白的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj.不知道的；未察觉到的
18．collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑→collect v．收集；收藏
19．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑
20．reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→reuse v．再使用，重复使用
21．stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的→stick v．将……刺入(或插入)；刺
22．annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoying adj.使人烦恼的→annoyance n．生气；令人烦恼的事物
23．anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.气愤地；愤怒地
24．relate vi.相联系，有关联→related adj.相联系的→relation n．联系，关联
25．regular adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular adj.无规律的
26．suit vt.适合 n．套装→suitable adj.适合的
27．opponent n．对手；反对者→oppose v．反对→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
28．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍
29．chemical adj.化学的 n．化学品→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家；药剂师
30．scenic adj.景色优美的→scene n．地点，现场；场面→scenery n．风景
31．historic adj.古老的；历史上重要的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家
1．export n．& vt.出口
2．expose vt.揭露；暴露
3．extraordinary adj.非凡的；卓越的
4．extremely adv.极其；非常
5．eyewitness n．目击证人
6．feature n．特征；特色
7．fiction n．小说；虚构，编造
8．fierce adj.猛烈的；凶猛的
9．flee vi.逃走；逃跑
10．flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．die out消失；绝迹，灭绝
2．wipe out彻底毁灭
3．be to blame把……归咎于
4．be at risk处境危险，受到威胁
5．traffic jam交通堵塞
6．stressed out焦虑的
7．be related to与……有关联
8．for instance例如
9．sum up概括，总结
10．have a role起某种作用
11．do one’s part 尽自己的职责
12．set out开始做某事，着手进行
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.(It is not unusual for sb to do...)
虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。
2．They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.(倍数表达法)
他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
3．Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
4．This morning，it took me 40 minutes to go downtown.(It takes sb some time to do...)
今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。
5．How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry？(形容词作状语)
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？
6．Up to 90 people can travel in one bus，while the same number will need at least 18 cars.(while连接并列句)
一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
It’s said that dinosaurs died out because of a natural disaster.But now，many species are 1.__________ or even extinct just because humans do varied harm to them.For instance，tigers are being illegally hunted in an incredibly cruel way for their fur while rhinos，for their horns.Besides，we 2.______________________ their habitats by cutting down trees，throwing away unrecyclable plastic rubbish everywhere and discharging polluted water that contains poisonous 3.________ into rivers.
It is human activities that are to blame for the mass 4.____________.However，we should be 5.____________ of the fact that without the species on which we depend for our survival，we would be also at risk.Many 6.____________ environmentalists write informative and innovative essays to educate people to go green.Conservation measures involve 7.__________ to solar energy，stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks that can not be recycled，and taking public transportation on a regular basis to and from work.To sum up，everybody has a role to play in protecting our planet and if we all set out to do our part，the harmonious world will be restored.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
switch n．(电路的)开关 v．改变，转变
switch off关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源) switch on打开；开始运行 switch(...)from...to...把(……)由……转变为……
(应用文写作之口头通知) 请注意！ 我们将从火车转乘有轨电车到省博物馆。到达目的地后，请确保所有手机处于关机状态。打开手机会影响我们访问。
Attention, please! We will ________________________________________________________ to reach the provincial museum.Upon reaching the destination, please make sure all mobile phones ____________________________________.________________________ will influence our visit.
decrease vi.& vt.减少n.减少；减少的量
decrease by...减少了…… decrease (from...) to...(从……)减少到…… on the decrease 正在下降；正在减少 on the increase 正在增加
(1)To sum up， the number of new students decreased ____________ 210 ____________ 160.That is to say, the number decreased ____________ 24%.
(2)We have been aware that it is because of varied human activities that the number of ocean animals ______________________________ (正在下降)．So there is an urgent need to switch our wrongdoing so that their number ________________________________(将会逐渐增加)．
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
blame v．把……归咎于，责怪 n．(坏事或错事的)责任；指责；过失
blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) take/deserve the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
(1)We human beings are supposed to take the blame ____________ extinct or endangered species，so we must do our part in wildlife conservation.
(2)(话题写作之人际交往)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是因错误而指责其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也应该受到责备。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不仅仅是把错误归咎于其他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always ______________________________.After all，many times ________________________________________________________.So instead of ________________________________________________________________________________________________________，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的(annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰；使烦恼；使生气annoying adj.令人生气的annoyance n．恼怒)
be annoyed with sb对某人生气 be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气 What annoys sb most is that...最让某人生气的是…… to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是
(1)I was annoyed ____________ him ____________ his annoying rude table manners.
(2)最使我生气的是我被分配和一位非常严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着黑色衣服，还总是对其他人的工作不满意。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
①____________________________________， I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always not satisfied with others’ work.(annoyance)
②________________________________________________ I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always not satisfied with others’ work.(what引导的主语从句)
stressed out 疲惫不堪；焦虑不安(stressed adj.焦虑不安的 stress n．压力 vt.强调 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的)
under stress在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on/upon...强调……
(1)Facing such ____________ (stress) work, I am so anxious that I feel like sitting on pins and needles.
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)每次我有压力或者焦虑不安时，我都会毫不犹豫地向我的父母求助。
________________________________________________________________________，I will turn to my parents for help without hesitation.
(3)我怎么强调海洋保护的重要性都不为过。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
①I can’t _________________________________________________________________ ocean conservation too much.(stress n．)
②I can’t _________________________________________________________________ ocean conservation too much.(stress vt.)
relate v．涉及；使联系(related adj.有关的；相关的relation n．关系；联系；亲属)
relate...to...把……和……联系起来 relate to涉及；和……相关；谈到；理解 (be) related to有关系的；有关联的
(1)It is claimed that the “new four great inventions” are all related ____________ China’s high-tech innovations.
(2)(记叙文之写人)我们的班主任不仅能理解我们学生，而且他还能不断地将我们正在学习的东西与现实世界联系起来。
Not only can our head teacher ________________________________________________ but also he can constantly ________________________________________________________________.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)由于有丰富的相关经验，我深信我会非常胜任这个职位。
___________________________________________________________________________，I am greatly convinced that I will be incredibly qualified for the position.
suit vt.适合n.套装(suitable adj.合适的；适用的)
suit...to...使……适合…… suit one’s needs适合某人的需要 be suitable for 对……适合的 be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
(1)(应用文写作之申请信)I do believe I am suitable ____________ this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.
＝I do believe I am suitable __________________(do) this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.
(2)如果以上安排不符合您的需求，请毫不犹豫地告知我，以便我为您量身定制相关项目。
If the above arrangements don’t ____________________________________，please inform me without hesitation so that I can ________________________________________________.
用法点拨 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；fit多指大小、形状等合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等搭配。
wipe out彻底毁灭，消灭
work out 解决；算出 set out开始做某事，着手进行 turn out 结果是 check out结账后离开 come out出版；长出 die out灭亡；逐渐消失
用“动词＋out”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The disease threatens to ______________________ the entire population.
(2)It is reported that 844 species have ________________________ in the past decade.
(3)He didn’t tell us for sure when his new book would ________________________ but said that he was working hard to finish it.
(4)Once they arrived，they ________________________ to separate unrecyclable rubbish from the waste that was reusable.
(5)It ________________________ that the maths problem was difficult，but my partner and I decided to ____________ it ____________.
sum up总结；概括
make up弥补；构成；编造；和解 make up for补偿，弥补 turn up 开大；出现 go up 上升；上涨 set up 设立；建立 take up开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)；拿起 add up加起来；总计
用“动词＋up”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The story may _____________________________________ in one sentence: Hard work can ________________________ a lack of ability.
(2)With the price of houses ____________________，I have no alternative but to ____________________ a part-time job in a company that ______________________ by my friends three years ago.
(3)Once my mother ________________________，I swallowed my pride，rushed to her and said sorry to her，trying to ________________________ with her.
(4)I have great difficulty __________________ these numbers，so could you please give me a hand
倍数表达法 They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
倍数的表达方式： A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of B
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
(1)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as)
(2)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than)
(3)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋the＋名词＋of)
without引导含蓄虚拟语气 Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
without引导含蓄虚拟语气既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/ should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。 有类似用法的还有：otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等或上下文的暗示。
(1)如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
Without setbacks，________________________________________________________________.
(2)要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
But for this experience，I ___________________________________________________________.
(3)如果当时有她的鼓励，我就不会在接下来的一天里都沉浸在悲伤里。
With her encouragement，I _________________________________________________________.
(4)如果没有分发的食物，这些无家可归的人可能会饿一整晚，并且失去生活的希望。
(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
①Without distributed food, ________________________________________________________.
②These homeless people got distributed food, otherwise _________________________________.
1．That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
那就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野队是不寻常的。
2．Most importantly，Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification，which he showed in New York City.(2022·浙江1月)
最重要的是，爱迪生意识到成功依赖于大规模的电气化，他在纽约展示了这一点。
3．Transportation invoices must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
为了保证拿到奖学金，您必须在访问后60天内收到交通发票。
4．New research found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life—and if they did，it came on a decade later than less sporty women.(2022·浙江1月)
新的研究发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低大约90%，而且，即便她们患上痴呆症，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。
5．David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
大卫患有一种大脑疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们都把他当作一个普通的孩子。
6．Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？(2022·全国乙)
一小组无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？
7．Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars，early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.(2021·北京)
即使这种计时方法在其细节上是新颖的，早期农业社会也将时间与自然现象联系起来。
8．But she came forth and walked forward，and I walked forward，and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain，you know，it was like a nuclear fusion.(2021·浙江1月)
但她走了出来，向前走，我也向前走，感情，我的眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道，就像核聚变一样。
9．In pre-classical Greece，for instance，people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season.(2021·北京)
例如，在前古典希腊，人们通过前后移动日期来“修正”官方日历，以反映季节的变化。
10．In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
在撒马尔罕，比塞尔先生欣赏了当地的建筑奇迹，而在前往布哈拉的途中，在被警方怀疑贩毒时，体验了一把警察的办案手法。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．claim
(1)It is claimed that the red dragon is a positive symbol，indicating strength and a sense of national identity.________
(2)The police say that if no one claims the watch，you can keep it.________
(3)The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery.________
(4)It is reported that the hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.________
2．mass
(1)When a block of ice becomes water，the mass will stay the same but the volume will change.________
(2)The UK，uniquely，has not had to face the problem of mass unemployment.________
(3)Masses of snow and rocks fell down the mountain.________
(4)We should often seek opinions from the masses.________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)When hearing the familiar sound of the horn of ships，I can’t help bursting into tears.____________
(2)What trick are those children hatching？____________
(3)The waiters gave free drinks to the regulars at Thanksgiving.____________
(4)You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.____________
(5)The paper got jammed and it broke down.____________
(6)I can’t work next weekend—will you switch with me？____________
(7)I watched for the desert sunsets，and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．After being rejected as a fashion designer，the young man switched ________ environment conversation.
2．The bridge completed last year collapsed，and it was said that an overloaded truck was ________(blame)．
3．However hard he works，he won’t be recognised as a success by his mother，which is really __________(annoy)．
4．It is his lack of self- discipline that is related ____________ his being fired by the company.
5．The ultimate goal of the millionaire is to earn ________(billion) of dollars at the end of the year.
6．It ________________(claim) that another three astronauts will be sent into space next month.
7．Many party members are devoted to wiping ____________ poverty in underdeveloped areas.
8．You are required to sum ____________ the main idea of the passage with a maximum，rather than a minimum of 6 words.
9．Without the hybrid rice cultivated by Yuan Longping，many people ____________________(die) from hunger in the past.
10．____________ took much time as well as patience to convince him to stay in when parents went out.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2020·上海1月——关于如何处理临期食品的建议)
1．超市有大量的接近保质期(expiration date)的食品并不少见。(It is not unusual for sb/sth to do sth)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2．如果没有合适的方法来处理这些食品，可能会浪费大量的食品和钱。(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3．有些人建议进行一次特卖，而另一些人则建议捐赠给有需要的人。(while连接并列句)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
4．有些老人住在离超市很远的地方，他们去那里买食物会花很多时间。(It takes sb some time to do...)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5．现在食物可以送到他们家里，这样他们可以在家里既舒服又轻松地等待。(形容词短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的
stressed out焦虑的
anger n．愤怒，怒气
annoyed adj.恼怒的，气恼的
2．动作描写
blame v．责怪，指责
set out出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作
wrap v．包，裹
swallow vt.& vi.吞，咽；忍耐
carve v．雕，刻
affect vt.影响
3．环境描写
plastic adj.塑料制的
varied adj.形形色色的；多变的
shell n．(炮、贝、卵、坚果等的)壳；外壳
dirt n．污物；灰尘；泥土
traffic jam交通堵塞
typhoon n．台风
valley n．山谷
scenic adj.景色优美的
historic adj.历史悠久的
packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象感到恼火，她不能抑制她的愤怒。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞的情况。由于对小镇感到焦虑，Cinderella开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。
Cinderella lives in ________________________________________________.However，she _____________________________________________________ some phenomena recently and she ______________________，____________________________.Everywhere she goes，she will see ______________________，________________________________________ and characters ____________________________________________________________.Besides，there are often _____________________ in the town.______________________________________，Cinderella _______________________________________________________________________with other environmentalists.Instead of _______________________________________________________，she decides to ___________________________________________________________________.
