备战2023中考英语语法知识梳理——专题八动词的时态（河北）（65张PPT）

(共65张PPT)
专题八 动词的时态
专题八 动词的时态
栏目导航
数据纵览 考情分析
1
数据链接 真题试做
2
数据共享 考点聚集
3
知识导图
动词的时态
一般现在时
过去进行时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去将来时
2013—2022年河北中考命题分析
数据纵览 考情分析
1
动词的时态是河北中考单项选择中最高频考点。题目中没有明显的时间状语,时态的判定要通过对语境的理解来进行。另外词语运用中也有通过对上下文的理解来判断动词的时态题,多为一般过去时 考生要掌握常考时态的意义与构成,能根据语境提示来判断所用时态。并且要将动词的现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律牢记
考点综述
满分攻略
2023预测 (★★☆) 预测2023年河北中考时态题仍然是单项选择中的重点。重点考查时态为进行时态、现在完成时、一般过去时,语境多关于家庭生活与学校生活。并且在词语运用中会有一两道动词时态的题目,考查点为动词的过去式、过去分词或第三人称单数形式。分值4-5分
考点 年份 一般现在时 一般过去时 物主代词 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2022 73 like — likes (兴趣爱好) 77 invite — invited (日常生活) 37 go (日常生活) — — 38 take (学校生活) 39 make
(学校生活)
2021 73 work — works (工作职业) 79 win — won (课余生活) 36 enjoy (日常生活) — — 35 water (家庭生活) 40 write
(个人经历)
续表
考点 年份 一般现在时 一般过去时 物主代词 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2020 — — 71 feel — felt (家庭生活) — — 33 get (家庭生活) — — 39 finish
(学校生活)
2021 78 cook — cooked (家庭生活)
续表
考点 年份 一般现在时 一般过去时 物主代词 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2019 — — 33 tell (家庭生活) — — 30 rain (家庭生活) 34 draw (家庭生活) — —
2021 76 go — went (家庭生活)
2018 30 sing (个人情况) 31 make (家庭生活) — — — — — — 33 receive
(家庭生活)
2017 — — 80 win — won (家庭生活) — — 31 use (学校生活) — — 33 cook
(家庭生活)
续表
考点 年份 一般现在时 一般过去时 物主代词 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2016 33 wear (家庭生活) 32 leave (家庭生活) 35 see (出行) — — — — 36 get(游戏与休闲)
2021 79 take—took (家庭生活) 33 receive
(家庭生活)
2015 36 win(游戏与休闲) — — 31 be going to(计划) 76 write — writing (家庭生活) 37 sit (日常活动) 32 find
(日常活动)
续表
考点 年份 一般现在时 一般过去时 物主代词 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2014 85 serve— serves (工作与职业) 84 turn on — turned on (家庭生活) 39 talk (学校生活) 37 knock (家庭生活) 44 interview (学校生活) 42 pass
(学校生活)
2013 85 fiy a kite (休闲时光) 37 leave (学校生活) 33 go (家庭生活) 36 drive (安全) 45 enjoy (休闲时光) 43 watch
(日常生活)
84 meet—met (朋友)
续表
数据链接 真题试做
2
一、单项选择
1. (2019·河北) He 　　 me his name, but I can’t remember it now.
A. tells B. will tell C. told D. is telling
2. (2019·河北) Sorry, I didn’t see you, because I 　　 a picture.
A. draw B. drew C. was drawing D. have drawn
3. (2016·河北) Oh, no! I 　　 the book in the lab.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving
C
C
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
8
10
9
B
4. (2016·河北) Just go down the road, and you 　　 the library next to the bank.
A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
5.(2022·河北) John is waiting for me.We 　　 to the bookstore together.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. were going
6. (2022·河北) At this time yesterday, I 　　 a science exam here.
A. take B. was taking C. am taking D. will take
D
C
10
14
11
12
13
9
8
15
17
16
B
7. (2021·河北) William 　　 six books, and all of them are bestsellers.
A. will write B. is writing C. has written D. was writing
8. (2022·河北) Sorry, I 　　 a mistake. Let me correct it.
A. will make B. am making C. was making D. have made
二、词语运用
9. (2021·河北) My mother 　　　　(work) in a toy shop.
10. (2021·河北) Finally, we 　　　　(win)! How happy we were!
C
D
10
14
11
12
13
9
8
15
17
16
works
won
数据共享 考点聚焦
3
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去将来时
考点 一
考点 二
考点 三
考点 四
考点 五
考点 六
考点 七
考点 八
一般现在时
考点考法强化
1. (2022·保定清苑区一模) If each of us 　　 the rules of nature, our world will become better and better.
A. followed B. follow C. follows D. following
2.(2022·邯郸馆陶区一模) Reading should be our lifelong hobby. My brother 　　 reading very much.
A. enjoys B. will enjoy C. enjoyed D. was enjoying
C
2
1
3
A
5
4
考点 一
3. (2021·北京西城区一模) There is a new park next to my home. I a walk there every day.
A. took B. take C. was taking D. have taken
4. (2021·北京门头沟区一模) Usually the students in our class 　　 for information in many ways.
A. search B. have searched C. are searching D. will search
5. (2021·北京大兴区一模) Every year many foreigners 　　 to Beijing to visit the Palace Museum.
A.come B.came C.were coming D.have come
B
A
A
2
1
3
5
4
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
①主语+am/is/are+表语
The girl is my friend. 这个女孩是我的朋友。
②主语+动词(或动词的第三人称单数形式)+其他
My father likes to play tennis. 我父亲喜欢打网球。
2. 常见时间状语
once a week、three times a month之类的表示频率的词组; always、often、usually、sometimes等频度副词; on Sundays、every day (week/month/year …)、in the morning等时间状语。
3. 一般现在时的用法
①表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
I often walk to school. 我经常走着去上学。
②表示目前的状态、能力、性格、特征等。
I do well in physics. 我擅长物理。
③用一般现在时表示将来的情况。
A.表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
We’re going to Changchun. Our plane takes off at 8:10.
我们打算去长春。我们的飞机8:10起飞。
B.在if、as soon as、until、when等引导的时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
If it doesn’t rain this afternoon, we’ll go fishing.
如果今天下午不下雨,我们将去钓鱼。
④表示客观事实或普遍真理。
Light travels faster than sound.
光传播得比声音快。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·唐山丰润区二模) — The bread is really delicious.
— Thank you. I 　　 it myself.
A. made B. make C. will make D. am making
2. (2022·邯郸大名县三模)Here are your shoes, I just 　　 them.
A. clean B. cleaned C. am cleaning D. will clean
A
一般过去时
B
2
1
3
5
4
考点 二
3. (2022·承德一模) — Have you read this magazine
— Yes. I 　　 it two weeks ago.
A. am reading B. have read C. read D. will read
4. (2022·沧州青县二模) — Have you ever been to Xiamen, Alice
— Yes. It’s a fantastic place. I 　　 there for a week last summer.
A. stay B. stayed C. have stayed D. was staying
5. (2022·唐山路北区二模) — Paul has finished his homework, hasn’t he
— Yes. He 　　 it two hours ago.
A. finished B. finishes C. has finishes D. will finish
C
B
A
2
1
3
5
4
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
①主语+was/were+表语
We were happy yesterday. 我们昨天很开心。
②主语+动词的过去式+其他
Where did you go just now 刚才你去哪儿了
2. 常见时间状语
last night (week/month …)、yesterday、some years ago、in 1995、in the past、the other day、just now等,另外,since引导的时间状语从句中当主句是现在完成时时,从句为一般过去时。
3. 一般过去时的用法
①表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
I bought my car last year. 我去年买了车。
②表示过去一段时间内习惯性或经常发生的动作。
When I lived in Hangzhou, I often went for a walk along the river.
当我在杭州居住时,我经常沿着河边散步。
注意: used to + do “过去常常做”,表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。
Scarf used to take a walk after supper. 斯卡夫过去常常在晚饭后散步。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·石家庄四十三中二模) I am too busy now. I 　　 to you after school this evening.
A. have talked B. will talk C. talked D. talk
2. (2022·承德兴隆一模) Just wait and see. Our class 　　 the football game.
A. wins B. won C. will win D. has won
一般将来时
B
C
8
12
9
10
11
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
考点 三
3. (2022·石家庄十八县一模) This birthday cake is smaller. I 　　 Mum a bigger one.
A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought
4. (2022·秦皇岛海港区一模) Don’t sleep too late, John, or you 　　 the early bus to Beijing.
A. catch B. caught C. won’t catch D. have caught
C
C
8
12
9
10
11
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
5. (2022·邯郸大名县三模) I can't see you tonight, I 　　 to the theatre with Mike.
A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go
6. (2022·石家庄十八县二模) Li Ming wants a new shirt. He 　　 it to the dinner party.
A. wore B. is going to wear C. has worn D. wears
D
B
8
12
9
10
11
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
7. (2022·成都改编) In the future, vocational(职业的) students 　　 it easier to get jobs.
A. found B. have found C. will find D. are finding
8. (2022·重庆) I 　　 a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
A. had B. was having C. have had D. will have
9. (2022·北京平谷区二模) We 　　 a sports test next Friday.
A. will have B. had C. have D. are having
C
D
A
8
12
9
10
11
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
10. (2022·北京丰台区二模) All your efforts 　　 if you try your best to achieve your goal.
A. pay off B. paid off C. is paying off D. will pay off
11. My father 　　 around the world in the future.
A. travel B. traveled C. is going to travel
12. — What are you going to do this weekend
— I 　　 a piano lesson on Saturday afternoon.
A. have B. has C. had D. am going to have
D
C
D
8
12
9
10
11
3
7
4
5
6
2
1
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
①主语+will/shall(仅用于第一人称)+动词原形+其他
We will have a picnic next Sunday. 我们下周日去野餐。
②主语+am/is/are +going to +动词原形+其他
Mr. Wang is going to move to Xi’an next year. 王先生明年将搬到西安居住。
2. 常见时间状语
tomorrow、the day after tomorrow、next week(month/year/Sunday …)、in+一段时间、in 2025等。
3. 一般将来时的用法
①表示未来将要发生的事情。
The Greens will travel to France next month.
格林一家下个月将会去法国旅行。
②“be going to+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。
What are you going to buy for your mother’s birthday
你要为你妈妈的生日买什么
注意:
will/shall与be going to在有些情况下是可以互换的,以下几种情况两者是有区别的。
①表示意愿时用will。
I will give the doll to you if you like it.
如果你喜欢,我可以把这个娃娃送给你。
②表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气地邀请或命令用will。
Will you please open the door for me
请为我开一下门,好吗
③表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来用will。
Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.
今天是星期六。明天(将)是星期日。
④表示根据目前某种迹象判断,推测某事非常有可能发生时用be going to。
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。
拓展
其他可用于表示“将来”的情况:
① be doing表示将来。
常用于这种结构的动词有go、come、leave、arrive、stay、start、begin等,表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。
My aunt is arriving in three days. 我姑姑三天后要到。
②“be about to+动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”结构表示即将发生的动作。
I am about to wash my clothes when she comes in.
她进来的时候我正打算去洗衣服。
③在时间、条件状语从句中要用一般现在时代替将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time. 我有时间会给她写信。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·邢台威县三中一模) — Where is Gina
— Look! She 　　 the flowers in the yard.
A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered
2. (2022·张家口二十中三模) — Peter, what are you doing
— Oh, I 　　 a report about national heroes.
A. will write B. am writing C. wrote D. written
现在进行时
C
B
2
6
3
4
5
1
考点 五
3. (2022·邯郸育华中学一模) Please wait for a moment. My boss 　　 his car to come here.
A. is driving B. drove C. drives D. was driving
4. (2022·衡水市景县三模) All the happiness happens when you 　　 the mountain but not on the top of it.
A. climbed B. will climb C. are climbing D. were climbing
A
C
2
6
3
4
5
1
5. (2022·邯郸邯山区一模) — Tom, let’s go swimming.
— Just a minute. I 　　 an e-mail.
A. send B. sent C. am sending D. have sent
6. (2022·邯郸馆陶学区三模) — May I speak to Mrs. Black
— Sorry, Mum can’t come to the phone now. She 　　 a shower.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
C
C
2
6
3
4
5
1
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词
They are talking loudly. 他们正在大声说话。
2. 常见时间状语
now、these days、at the moment、right now等,另外,当句子中含有look、listen、can you see、can’t you see之类的暗示词语时,要使用现在进行时。
3. 现在进行时的用法
① 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
Look! The cat is running after a mouse. 看!这只猫正在追一只老鼠。
②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。
They are studying hard this term. 他们这学期学习一直很努力。
③与always、constantly、forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind. 你总是改变主意。
④一些表示位置移动的动词可用现在进行时表示将来。
I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
注意: 下列动词一般不用于现在进行时态。
表示感觉的动词,如see、hear等。
表示喜欢或厌恶的动词,如like、love、hate等。
表示希望的动词,如want等。
表示状态的动词,如stay、be 等。
表示归属的动词(短语),如have、belong to等。
表示思维、知识或理解能力的动词,如understand、remember等。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·沧州五中二模) — Jeremy, take off your T-shirt right now. It looks so dirty.
— Sorry, Mom. I 　　 soccer the whole afternoon.
A. am playing B. will play C. was playing D. have played
2.(2022·石家庄十八县一模) Molly 　　 on the phone, so I just smiled at her and went away without saying anything.
A. has talked B. will talk C. was talking D. talked
过去进行时
C
C
3
1
2
考点 五
3. (2022·唐山路南区三模) Tom saw a traffic accident when he 　　 his bicycle along the road.
A. rides B. has rode
C. was riding D. had rode
C
3
1
2
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
主语+was/were+动词的现在分词
I was cooking this time yesterday.
昨天这个时间我正在做饭。
2. 常见时间状语
then、at that time/moment、this time yesterday、at ten yesterday及一些when引导的一般过去时的时间状语等。
3. 过去进行时的用法
表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。
He was reading when I came in.
当我进来时,他正在读书。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·石家庄四十三中二模) I heard a new song on the radio. I 　　high and low in the music store, but I can t find the song.
A. will search B. am searching C. have searched D. search
2. (2022·承德兴隆一模) I 　　 almost all the pages of this book, so I can return it in a minute.
A. read B. will read C. have read D. was reading
现在完成时
C
C
6
10
7
8
9
1
5
2
3
4
考点 六
3. (2022·邯郸育华中学一模) Tom 　　 more than 100 stones. Let’s go and have a look now.
A. was collecting B. has collected C. is collecting D. will collect
4. (2022·衡水景县三模) I 　　 the movie yet and I plan to see it this weekend.
A. didn’t see B. wasn’t seeing C. won’t see D. haven’t seen
B
6
10
7
8
9
1
5
2
3
4
D
5. (2022·石家庄新乐实验学校预测卷一) I 　　 my homework. I’ll have a rest.
A. have done B. will do C. was doing D. am done
6. (2022·河北中考猜押卷二) The old man 　　 this house for quite a long time.
A. bought B. has had C. has sold D. sold
A
6
10
7
8
9
1
5
2
3
4
B
7. (2022·唐山丰润区二模) The guide is worried. The train is leaving in ten minutes, but two members of his group 　　.
A. don’t arrive B. haven’t arrived
C. won’t arrive D. didn’t arrive
8. (2022·保定十七中一模) I 　　 the ticket to Guangfu Ancient City. I can’t wait to see this famous cultural town.
A. buy B. will buy C. was buying D. have bought
B
6
10
7
8
9
1
5
2
3
4
D
9. (2022·唐山迁安一模) The movie is wonderful. I 　　 it three times.
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. have watched
10. (2022·邯郸馆陶学区三模) I 　　 my homework, so I can’t go to the movies with you.
A. don’t finish B. didn’t finish
C. haven’t finished D. won’t finish
D
6
10
7
8
9
1
5
2
3
4
C
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
2. 常见时间状语
already、yet、just、before、never、ever、lately、recently、in recent years、so far、in the past few years、since+时间点、for+时间段等。
3. 现在完成时的用法
① 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have finished my homework. 我已经完成作业了。
② 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,表示持续的动作或状态,谓语动词多为延续性动词。
We have been friends since we were in primary school.
我们从小学开始就是朋友了。
③ “This/It is the +序数词+time that …”句式, that后使用现在完成时。
It is the second time that I have been to Canada. 这是我第二次到加拿大。
④ “This/It is the +形容词最高级+名词+ that …”句式, that后使用现在完成时。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
注意:
① already、yet常和现在完成时连用, already用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末。yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。
— I have already finished my homework. What about you
我已经完成我的作业了。你呢
— Not yet. 还没有呢。
② 延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法
现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在,与一段时间连用时应注意肯定句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词,非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。
I’ve been away from home for three months.
我离开家已经有三个月了。
常考的延续性动词和非延续性动词对照:
keep — borrow, lend　　　be open — open
have — buy be away — leave
be dead — die be on — start/begin
be back — come/go back be — become
be a member of — join be married to — marry
wear/have on — put on
考点考法强化
1. (2022·承德隆化模拟) How long 　　 the film 　　 when he got to the cinema
A. did; begin B. has; begun C. had; been on D. had; begun
2. (2022·长春模拟) — I hear the beginning of this movie is very exciting.
— What a pity! When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film 　　 for 10 minutes.
A. began B. has begun C. has been on D. had been on
过去完成时
C
D
3
1
2
考点 七
3. (2021·上海普陀区二模) By seven o’clock this morning, Allen ____　breakfast with his wife.
A. will have B. had C. had had D. is having
C
3
1
2
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
主语+had+过去分词+其他
2. 常见时间状语
by last week、by the end of last year、by the time及before、when引导的时间状语从句等。
3. 过去完成时的用法
过去完成时在句中使用时,一般有一个或暗含一个发生在过去的动作与其相比较,使用过去完成时的动词动作发生在过去的动作之前,即“过去的过去”。
By the time I got home, my sister had finished her homework.
等我到家的时候,我妹妹已经完成她的作业了。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·上海松江区二模) Mrs.Wang told me that our new neighbor ____　into this house the next month.
A. moves B. will move C. had moved D. would move
2. (2022·上海嘉定区二模) The famous writer promised that she 　　 all the money for her new book to charity.
A. gave B.would give C. has given D. had given
过去将来时
D
B
3
1
2
考点 八
3. (2022·上海宝山区二模) The manager told us that the company ____ modern robots to do some of the work soon.
A. used B. uses C. will use D. would use
D
3
1
2
学法方法点拨
1. 构成
①主语+would+动词原形+其他
②主语+were/was going to+动词原形+其他
2. 常见时间状语
过去完成时没有明显的时间状语,多通过语境确定,常用于宾语从句中。
3. 过去将来时的用法
①表示从过去某一时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
He asked if I would go with him.
他问我是否要和他一起去。
②表示曾经打算或准备要做的动作或表示有某种迹象将要发生某事。
They were going to have a rest when I saw them then.
当我见到他们时,他们正打算休息一下。
拓展
动词的五种基本形式变化表
形式 构成 例词
动词原形 不带to的动词不定式形式,也就是词典中给出的一般形式 be, have, do, learn
第三人称单数形式 在动词原形后加-s run — runs　like — likes
以ch、sh、s、o、x结尾的动词,在词尾加-es teach — teaches　wash — washes
go — goes　pass — passes
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,先将y变i,再加-es study — studies　try — tries
形式 构成 例词
第三人称单数形式 以“元音字母 + y”结尾的动词,在词尾加-s stay — stays　play — plays
现在分词 在动词原形后加-ing read — reading
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing live — living
write — writing
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing sit — sitting　begin — beginning
续表
形式 构成 例词
现在分词 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加-ing die — dying　lie — lying
tie — tying
过去式与 过去分词 (规则变化) 在动词原形后加-ed work — worked
以“辅音字母加 + y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry — carried　
study — studied
以e结尾的动词,直接加-d live — lived
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop — stopped　plan — planned
续表