备战2023中考英语语法知识梳理——专题二代词（河北）(共63张PPT)

(共63张PPT)
专题二 代词
专题二 代词
栏目导航
数据纵览 考情分析
1
数据链接 真题试做
2
数据共享 考点聚集
3
知识导图
代词
人称代词
疑问代词
物主代词
指示代词
不定代词
反身代词
2013—2022年河北中考命题分析
数据纵览 考情分析
1
代词是河北中考的必考点。侧重考查人称代词的主格和宾格;形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词以及反身代词、不定代词等 考生要熟记代词的各种形式,可将人称代词、物主代词、反身代词列入一张清单;并且会利用语境提示或分析句子成分来判断所填代词的形式及意思,从而确定考查代词所属类型
考点综述
满分攻略
2023预测 (★★☆) 预测2023年河北中考对代词的考查仍然会以人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词为主。命题形式多为单项选择或词语运用。单项选择中考查同类代词的辨析,而词语运用中考查词形变化,分值1—2分
考点 年份 人称代词 物主代词 物主代词 指示代词、疑问代词 反身代词 不定代词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2022 31 me, you, him, her 71 my — mine 74 what — — — —
2021 — — 32 his, mine, hers, yours — — — — — —
74 she — her
续表
考点 年份 人称代词 物主代词 物主代词 指示代词、疑问代词 反身代词 不定代词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2020 77 we — us 32 my,your, her,his — — — — — —
2019 — — 26 his,hers, mine,yours — — — — — —
2018 77 they — them 28 her,his,my,your — — — — — —
续表
考点 年份 人称代词 物主代词 物主代词 指示代词、疑问代词 反身代词 不定代词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2017 — — 26 his,hers, mine,yours — — — — — —
2016 27 his,him, you,me — — — — — — — —
2015 — — 27 my,her,his,you — — — — — —
续表
考点 年份 人称代词 物主代词 物主代词 指示代词、疑问代词 反身代词 不定代词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2014 — — 27 our,ours 29 it,one,this,that — — 53 nobody, everybody, somebody, anybody
续表
考点 年份 人称代词 物主代词 物主代词 指示代词、疑问代词 反身代词 不定代词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2013 — — 27 my,mine — — 54 itself, myself, himself, ourselves 30 something, anything, nothing, everything
续表
数据链接 真题试做
2
一、单项选择
1. (2017·河北) — Is this Kate’s bicycle
— No, 　 is under the tree. She put it there this morning.
A. his B. hers C. mine D. yours
2. (2016·河北) Thanks for inviting 　　 to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoyed it.
A. her B. him C. you D. me
B
D
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3. (2022·河北) Where is your brother I want to give 　　 a book.
A. me B. you C. him D. her
二、词语运用
4. (2018·河北) Then he told 　　　　(they) what I did on the bus this morning.
5. (2021·河北) She loves 　　　(she) job.
C
them
her
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数据共享 考点聚焦
3
人称代词
考点 一
物主代词
考点 二
不定代词
反身代词
指示代词与疑问代词
考点 三
考点 四
考点 五
考点考法强化
1. (2022·石家庄二十八中一模) — Yuan Longping, known as the father of hybrid rice, helped lift the nation out of hunger.
— People will never forget 　　.
A. he B. him C. his D. them
2. (2022·廊坊广阳区一模) Three astronauts taught 　　 something interesting about science in China Space Station.
A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves
B
B
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人称代词
考点 一
3. (2022·秦皇岛海港区一模) Getting letters from his best friend always makes 　　 quite excited.
A. her B. me C. him D. you
4. (2022·承德一模) — Who is that man over there
— Oh, he is Mr. Wang, he is a teacher, and he teaches 　　 English
A. my B. me C. mine D.myself
5. (2022·武威) These are my cousins. 　　 are both university students.
A. We B. You C. I D. They
B
B
D
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6. (2022·连云港)Our English teacher,Miss Li,is kind and patient.We all like 　　.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
7. (2022·达州) — Sandy, could you fold the clothes for me
— Why 　　 I am not available. You can ask David to do 　　 instead.
A. him; them B. me; it C. I; it D. me; them
B
B
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8. (2022·南京模拟) — Kelly and her classmates are busy preparing for their final examination.
— That’s why you can always see 　　 learning in the library.
A. them B. us C. her D. you
9. (2022·北海二模改编) — Is that man with glasses our English teacher
— Yes. Let’s say hello to 　　.
A. him B. her C. them D. you
A
A
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10. (2022·重庆九龙坡区模拟)My father is a music fan. I often go to the concert with 　　.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
C
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学法方法点拨
数 人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he, she, it him, her, it they them
1. 人称代词的用法
①人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
She enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读。
②人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词或介词的宾语。
We all like her. 我们都喜欢她。
The gift is from him. 这份礼物来自他。
2. 人称代词的语序
几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:
单数形式(二、三、一)you, he/she and I
复数形式(一、二、三)we, you and they
3. it的用法
① 代替指示代词this或that。
— What’s that 那是什么
— It is a computer. 是一台电脑。
② 指代婴儿或不明身份的人。
Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is.
有人在敲门, 请去看看是谁。
③ 指代时间或季节。
— What time is it 现在几点了
— It’s 7:30. 七点半了。
④ 指代天气。
— What’s the weather like today 今天天气怎么样
— It’s windy. 有风。
⑤ 指代距离。
How far is it from Beijing to Shanghai 北京到上海有多远
⑥ it用作形式主语或宾语, 用于下列句型中:
It is+adj. +(for/of sb.) to do sth.
It is nice of you to give me so much help.
你给予我如此多的帮助真是太好了。
It seems that … 看起来好像……
It’s one’s turn to do … 轮到某人做……
It’s a pity that … 很可惜……
I find it … to do … 我发现做……
I find it hard to do it well.
我发现把这件事做好很难。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·保定十七中一模) — Who came up with such a great idea, Mike and his team
— Yes, you’re right. The idea is 　　.
A. ours B. yours C. mine D. theirs
2. (2022·邢台压轴模拟) My brother likes math. 　　 dream is to be a math teacher.
A. My B. Her C. Their D. His
D
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D
物主代词
考点 二
3. (2022·唐山迁安一模) I left my English book at home. Luckily, Linda shared 　　 with me.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
4. (2022·邯郸邯山区一模) In order to buy his sister a bike, Jim tries best to save money.
A.her B.his C.my D.their
C
B
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学法方法点拨
数 类型 单数 复数
一 二 三 一 二 三
形容词性物主代词 my you his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
物主代词的用法
1. 形容词性物主代词具有形容词属性,需放在名词前面作定语,一般不单独使用。
2. 名词性物主代词常用来代替前面已提及的名词, 具有名词属性,后面不能再跟名词,否则就重复了,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
3. 名词性物主代词可以和of连用作定语,构成双重所有格形式。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·菏泽模拟) I’m moving to the countryside, because the air there is much fresher than 　　 in the city.
A. it B. that　　 C. one　　 D. this
2. (2022·芜湖模拟) The computer rooms in your school are much larger than 　　 in our school.
A. it B. that C. ones D. those
B
D
指示代词与疑问代词
考点 三
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3. (2022·成都模拟改编) The weather in Sanya is hotter than 　　 in Chengdu now. You’d better take your sunglasses.
A. it B. this C. that D. those
4. (2022·扬州广陵区模拟) The weather in Jiangdu is different from 　　 in Beijing.
A. one B. ones C. that D. those
C
C
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5. (2022·扬州) — Tell me, Grandma. 　　 is your favorite person in the whole wide world
— That’s easy! It’s you!
A. What B. Who C. How D. Whom
6. (2022·北京西城区二模) — 　　 phone is it
— It’s Mary’s.
A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Who
B
A
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7. (2022·连云港二模) — 　　 is your father,Lily
— He is an engineer.
A. What B. How C. Where D. Who
8. (2022·哈尔滨香坊区模拟改编) — 　　 is the population of China now, Jack
— Let me think for a moment,and it is about 1400 million.
A. How many B. What
C. How much D. Which
A
B
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9. (2022·西安雁塔区模拟) — 　　 do you think of the trip
— Really boring.
A. How B. What C. Where D. Which
10. (2022·海门市一模) — 　　 did you go to Copenhagen for
— We went there just to see the Little Mermaid.
A. Why B. How C. What D. When
B
C
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11. (原创) — 　　 is your English teacher
— The one with a pair of glasses.
A. Who B. Which C. Where D. How
12. (原创) — 　　 skirt is that
— It’s 　　.
A. Who’s; John’s B. Who’s; Lily C. Whose; Lily　 D.Whose; Lily’s
B
D
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学法方法点拨
1. 指示代词
this/these(近指)　that/those(远指)
指示代词的用法
①this/these表示近指。
This is a good plan. 这是个好计划。
②that/those表示远指。
Those boxes look heavy. 那些箱子看起来很重。
③打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方。
This is Mike speaking. 我是迈克。
Who’s that 你是谁
④that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词(可数名词单数或不可数名词),those也常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的可数名词复数,以避免重复。
The weather of Changchun is colder than that of Shanghai.
长春的天气比上海冷。
People in this village live much longer than those in that village.
这个村子的人比那个村子的人寿命长得多。
⑤this可起启下作用,指将要提到的事;that指刚提到过的事物或已经完成的事情。
Please remember this: No pain, no gain.
请记住这一点:不劳则无获。
I’m sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息我很遗憾。
⑥that指前面刚刚提到过的事。
He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.
他病了,那就是他没去上学的原因。
⑦that和those可作定语从句的先行词;this和these则不可。
God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。
2. 疑问代词
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
who “谁”,用于询问人物、身份 Who is your best friend
谁是你最好的朋友
whom “谁”,who的宾格形式,作宾语 To whom are you talking
你在和谁交谈
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
whose “谁的”,询问所属 Whose coat is this 这是谁的外套
what “什么”,what询问事物或某人的职业 — What’s this 这是什么
— It’s a map. 这是一张地图。
— What’s your father
你爸爸做什么工作
— He is a police officer.
他是一名警官。
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 例句
which “哪一个,哪一些”,指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which one do you like best
你最喜欢哪一个
续表
3. one/ones的用法
泛指上文提及的同类人或事物,同类而不同物。
Your hat is so beautiful. I want to buy one.
你的帽子很漂亮。我也想买一顶。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·盐城亭湖区一模)What made me surprised was that the twins put in the lights by 　　 yesterday.
A. their B. theirs C. them D. themselves
2. (2022·沈阳沈河区二模) — Who taught you math
— Nobody. I taught 　　.
A. me B. myself C. you D. yourself
D
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B
反身代词
考点 四
3. (2022·绥化三模改编)Did you enjoy 　　 at the party yesterday, kids
A. yourself B. you C. yourselves D. yours
4. (2022·成都改编) — Where did you get this sky lantern
— I made it by 　　.
A. herself B. itself C. myself D. himself
5. (2022·重庆) Believe in 　　 and you can make it.
A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself
C
C
B
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学法方法点拨
数 人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己
第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己
第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他（她、它）们自己
herself 她自己
itself 它自己
1. 反身代词的用法
①反身代词用在动词后面,作动词的宾语。
I made myself a birthday cake.
我为自己做了一个生日蛋糕。
②用作同位语
She herself is a teacher. 她本人是一个老师。
③用作表语
That boy in the picture was myself. 照片上的男孩就是我自己。
2. 含有反身代词的常用短语:
dress oneself(自己穿衣服), teach oneself(自学), learn by oneself(自学), lose oneself(沉醉于), come to oneself(苏醒), hurt oneself(伤着自己), enjoy oneself(过得愉快;玩得高兴), help oneself (to sth.)[随便(吃/喝某物)], by oneself(独自)
考点考法强化
1. (2022·云南) I advise you not to show 　　 on the WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A. anything personal
B. personal anything
C. something personal
D. personal something
A
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不定代词
考点 五
2. (2022·安徽) — I have 　　 but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
— Yes, they’re well worth praising.
A. everything B.nothing C. anything D. something
3. (2022·连云港) There isn’t 　　 in the classroom. All the students are having a PE lesson in the playground.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D.everybody
B
B
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4. (2022·常州模拟) — Mum,I am a bit down in spirits recently.
— If you meet something serious in your life, take it easy. Worry never fixes 　　.
A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
5. (2022·昆山市一模) — Did you buy anything during the visit
— 　　 at all. I have no interest in shopping.
A. None B. No C. Not D. Nothing
C
D
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6. (2022·上海浦东新区二模) Just like on the land, some places under the oceans are rich while 　　 are deserted.
A. other B. others C. the other D. the others
7. (2022·武汉汉阳区模拟) — Which tie would you like to buy
— I will take 　　 so that I can give one to my father.
A. either B. both C. none D. nothing
B
B
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8. (2022·自贡模拟改编) — What can we do to make our city cleaner and more beautiful
— We may plant lots of trees on 　　 side of the road.
A. neither B. both C. either D. none
9. (2022·遂宁) — I’d like to order something to drink. What would you like, coffee or cola
— 　　. Milk is OK.
A. Both B. Neither
C. All D. Either
C
B
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10. (2022·上海嘉定区三模) Tom tried several ways to avoid catching the flu, but 　　 of them works.
A. both B. neither C. all D. none
11. (2022·高邮市模拟) — Which coat do you want, the black one or the purple one
— 　　. I need a pair of shoes, in fact.
A. None B. No one C. Nothing D. Neither
D
D
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12. (2022·武汉江汉区模拟) — Which do you like
— Neither. I think they’re 　　 ugly.
A. all B. either C. none D. both
13. (2022·克拉玛依模拟) — When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday
— 　　 day is fine. It’s no problem with me.
A. Either B. Any C. Neither D. All
D
A
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14. (2022·丹阳二模) Congratulations, boys and girls! 　　 of you have made progress in the English test.
A. All B. Both C. Neither D. None
15. (2022·琼海二模改编) — Would you like to buy flowers or a dress for your mom on Mother’s Day
— 　　. I will help my mother do some chores instead.
A. Both B. Neither C. None D. Either
B
B
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16. (2022·晋江市模拟改编) — Why are you laughing,Daniel
— There is 　　 interesting in the e and see.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
17. (2022·南京模拟) — Your tea, please.
— There must be 　　 in the tea. It tastes good.
A. anything sweet B. something sweet
C. sweet something D. everything sweet
B
B
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18. (2022·南京溧水区模拟) — Would you like to play football or basketball
— 　　. I’d like to play table tennis.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
19. (2022·哈尔滨模拟改编) My brothers and I promised to give up playing computer games, but 　　 of us made it.
A. neither B. none C. either D. both
A
B
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20. (2022·温州鹿城区三模) 　　 of them knows German, so I have to ask a fourth person for help.
A. Each B. Either C. None D. Neither
C
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学法方法点拨
1. 普通不定代词的用法及辨析
代词 含义及用法 例句
either (两者中)任何一个,either of+名词/代词的复数+谓语动词(第三人称单数),either … or …意为“或者……或者……,要么……要么……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则 I don’t agree with either of you.
你们二人的意见我都不同意。
Either you or he is wrong.
不是你就是他错了。
续表
代词 含义及用法 例句
neither (两者中)一个也不,neither of+名词/代词的复数+谓语动词(第三人称单数), neither … nor …意为“既不……也不……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则” Neither of my parents is interested in pop music. 我的父母对流行音乐都不感兴趣。
Neither Jane nor her parents are coming. 简和她的父母都不会来。
both (两者)都,与neither是反义词,可以和of连用。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。both … and …意为“……和……都” Both of my hands are full of candies. 我的双手满是糖果。
续表
代词 含义及用法 例句
all (三者或三者以上)都,可以和of连用。作主语时,谓语动词用复数 All of my friends are celebrating my birthday. 我所有的朋友们都在为我庆祝生日。
none (三者或三者以上中)没有一个,与all意义相反,表示全部否定,可以和of连用。作主语时,如代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词时,谓语动词用单数、复数均可 None of the students is /are afraid of difficulties. 学生们都不怕困难。
续表
代词 含义及用法 例句
each (两者或两者以上中)每一个,强调个体,可以和of连用。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;另外each还可以作同位语 There are trees on each side of the road. 路的两边有树。
We each have an English dictionary. 我们每人都有一本英语词典。
every (三者或三者以上中)每一个,强调整体,不可以和of连用。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 Every student is getting ready for the final exam. 每个学生都在为期末考试做准备。
续表
代词 含义及用法 例句
some 一些,既可修饰或指代可数名词,也可修饰或指代不可数名词;一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议的疑问句中 Jane has some toys. 简有一些玩具。
Would you like some noodles
你想要些面条吗
any 一些,可指代三者或三者以上中的任何一个,既可修饰或指代可数名词,也可修饰或指代不可数名词;多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中 Tom is taller than any other student in his class. 汤姆比班上其他任何一个学生都要高。
续表
代词 含义及用法 例句
many 许多,修饰或指代可数名词复数 He has many friends. 他有许多朋友。
much 许多,修饰或指代不可数名词 Students have too much homework. 学生们有太多的作业。
另:a few、few、a little、little的辨析(见第6课时)
other、others、the other、the others与another的辨析(见第5课时)
somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每个人
someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人
something 某事 anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每件事
2.复合不定代词的用法
①复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Nothing is impossible. 一切皆有可能。
②something、somebody、someone用于肯定句,或表委婉请求及提建议的疑问句中, anything、anybody、anyone用于否定句、疑问句及条件从句。
③复合不定代词的定语放到它们的后面。
Would you like something to eat 你想要一些吃的东西吗
④复合不定代词可以和else连用,但不可以和other连用。
Anything else 还有别的吗