北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Success单元习题课件(共151张PPT)

(共151张PPT)
选择性必修第一册
Unit 2 Success
01
Topic Talk &Lesson 1 Money vs Success
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The new graduate is __________ （ambition） to conduct the survey by himself.
ambitious
解析 句意为：这位刚毕业的学生雄心满满，要独立进行这项调查。设空处作表语，应用形容词。
2.Despite many ________ （injury） on his legs, he still remained calm in the open air.
injuries
解析 句意为：尽管腿上有多处伤口，他在户外依然保持镇静。根据空前的many可知，设空处应填复数形式。
3.Last week, all the classrooms were ____________ （comfortable） furnished with air conditioners.
comfortably
解析 句意为：上周，所有的教室都配备了舒适的空调。设空处作状语,应填副词。
4.In this restaurant, the order will be prepared by robots, and then it is handed over to a human
__________ （employ） to add decorations like cilantro （香菜）.
employee
解析 句意为：在这家餐馆，所点的餐品由机器人来准备，然后交到一位人类员工手中，添加例如香菜这样的装饰品。设空处作介词to的宾语，其前有不定冠词a和形容词human修饰，应填名词；根据语境可知，此处表示“员工；雇员”，故填employee。
5.The experts present at the meeting said that there were good reasons to be optimistic ______ the
prospects ahead.
about
解析 句意为：出席会议的专家表示有充分的理由对前景感到乐观。be optimistic about为固定搭配，意为“对……乐观”，故填about。
6.Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined _______ （test） my own theory on this.
to test
解析 句意为：昨天，我和我的儿子谢泼德坐在一起，决定测试我自己对这个（事情）的理论。此处为形容词短语作状语，be determined to do sth意为“决定做某事”，故填to test。
7.I’d appreciate ___ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
it
解析 句意为：如果你能提前让我知道你是否会来，我将不胜感激。动词appreciate后面通常加it作形式宾语，再加if引导的从句，故填it。
8.He was guilty about _________ （ignore） his father’s feelings.
ignoring
解析 句意为：他很内疚自己忽略了父亲的感受。feel/be guilty about doing sth为固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到内疚”，介词about后接动名词作宾语，故填ignoring。
9.We are living in a world _______ some are well-off while some are suffering a lot.
where
解析 句意为：我们生活的世界里，有些人很富有而有些人饱尝痛苦。_____ some are well-off while some are suffering a lot修饰world，为定语从句，设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作地点状语，应用where。
10.Word came _____ our football team won the final competition.
that
解析 句意为：我们的足球队在决赛中获胜的消息传来了。______ our football team won the final competition解释说明Word的内容，为同位语从句，设空处引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有词义，故填that。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这位百万富翁致力于帮助偏远村庄的穷人。（committed）
The millionaire _______ __________ ___ ________ the poor in the remote village.
is/was
committed
to
helping
2.成功者永远不会对潜在的危险置之不理。（turn）
A success will never _____ ____ ______ ____ a potential danger.
turn
his
back
on
3.懂得感恩你所拥有的一切是明智的做法。（sense）
It _______ ______ that you are appreciative of what you have.
makes
sense
4.这位艺术家把他所有的收藏品都捐赠给了祖国。（give）
The artist ______ ____ ____ __________ ______ ___ his motherland.
gave
all
his
collections
away
to
5.近年来，农村辍学的孩子的数量在显著减少。（drop）
In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in the number of students _________ ____ ___
school in the countryside.
dropping
out
of
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.__________ （travel） to Jiangsu’s rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes,
might be totally different from what you have imagined.
Travelling
解析 句意为：到江苏的乡村旅行可能与你想象的完全不同，许多乡村看起来就像明信片上美丽的景色。分析句子结构可知，_____ to Jiangsu's rural villages为句子的主语，travel（旅行）为动词，此处作主语应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母应大写。
2.Living without an aim ___ （be） like sailing without a compass.
is
解析 句意为：生活没有目标,犹如航海没有罗盘。单个的动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数。
3.______________ （expose） to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to comprehend the local language.
Being exposed
解析 句意为：接触外国文化有利于我们理解当地语言。expose sb to sth意为“使某人接触某事物”，此处作主语应用动名词形式，expose与其逻辑主语us之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Being exposed。
4.It is worthwhile considering what makes convenience foods so popular, and ___________ （introduce）
better ones of your own.
introducing
解析 句意为：考虑是什么让方便食品如此受欢迎，并推出你自己的更好的食品，这是值得的。it is worthwhile doing sth为固定句型，意为“做某事是值得的”；结合句意可知，considering… 与 ______ better ones of your own通过and构成并列关系,动词introduce的形式应与considering一样。故填introducing。
5.I remembered ________ （lock） the door before I left the office, but when I got back, I found the
door open.
locking
解析 句意为：我记得我离开办公室前锁了门，但是当我返回时，我发现门开着。根据语境可知，此处表示“记得做过某事”，应用remember doing sth；remember to do sth表示“记得去做某事”。故填locking。
【知识拓展】部分动词（短语）后接动名词和不定式时的用法区别
有些动词既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，但二者在意思上有差别。
（1）forget/remember doing sth忘记/记得做过某事
forget/remember to do sth忘记/记得去做某事
（2）regret doing sth对做过某事表示后悔
regret to do sth对要做的事表示遗憾
（3）mean doing sth意味着做某事
mean to do sth打算做某事
（4）try doing sth尝试着做某事
try to do sth努力做某事
（5）can't help doing sth情不自禁做某事
can't help （to） do sth无法帮助做某事
6.Young people may risk ______ （go） deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
going
解析 句意为：年轻人如果每天都身处非常大声的音乐中，就可能有失聪的危险。risk后用动名词作宾语，故填going。
7.No one can escape ________________________ （punish） if he breaks the law.
being punished/punishment
解析 句意为：如果违反了法律，没有人可以逃脱惩罚。escape doing sth为固定用法，表示“逃避做某事”，根据语境可知，违法的人是被惩罚，所以动名词用其被动形式；也可以理解为escape用作及物动词时，其后直接跟名词作宾语。故填being punished/punishment。
8.The plot of the drama was so __________ （absorb） that the girl was attracted by it.
absorbing
解析 句意为：这出戏的情节如此吸引人，女孩被它吸引住了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作was的表语，此处表示“十分吸引人的”，应用现在分词形式。部分现在分词和过去分词作表语时已经形容词化，故此处也可视为-ing形式的形容词作表语。故填absorbing。
9.As far as I’m concerned, it’s not wise for us to be addicted to ________ （play） with smartphones.
playing
解析 句意为：在我看来，我们沉迷于玩智能手机是不明智的。空前的be addicted to为固定短语，意为“沉迷于……”，其中to为介词，故设空处应用动名词作宾语，故填playing。
10.I didn’t mean _______ （eat） anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help
_______ （try） it.
to eat
trying
解析 句意为：我本来没打算吃任何东西，但是那个冰激凌看起来实在太好吃了，让我忍不住尝了尝。mean to do sth意为“打算做某事”；can't help doing sth意为“忍不住做某事”。
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物故事 词数： 199 难度： &1& 建议用时： 7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Opinions on success vary from person to person. Many people define a big fortune or a well-paid
job 1. . a symbol of success. They dream of becoming rich 2. . （achieve） a sense of
success. However, there are some people disagreeing with them, Jason Harley included.
He, a college professor, 3. . （be） a millionaire with two million dollars sixteen years ago.
But when he knew 4. . （million） of people died of hunger every year and many people could
never go to school, he began to live a very simple life and gave away all his money to charities,
5. . （determine） to help the homeless. It worried him a lot to live comfortably alone
without 6. . （help） the people in need. Now he lives in a small dormitory where there is only
second-hand furniture. It seems that he has given up a lot. 7. . （actual）, he has gained more
instead.
As far as he is concerned, the real sense of 8. . （satisfy） and success comes from the
small efforts which make 9. . big difference to others. Success is not measured by money but depends
on 10. . one understands the true meaning of life.
as
to achieve
was
millions
determined
helping
Actually
satisfaction
a
how
1.___
as
解析 define… as… 为固定用法，意为“将……定义为……”，故填as。
2.__________
to achieve
解析 此处为不定式作目的状语。
3._____
was
解析 由时间状语sixteen years ago可知，句子应使用一般过去时。
4.________
millions
解析 millions of 为固定搭配，意为“数百万的……”，故填millions。
5.___________
determined
解析 分析句子结构可知，此处为状语，描述主语的心理状态，应用determined。be determined to do sth为固定表达，意为“下定决心做某事”。
6.________
helping
解析 设空处位于介词without后，作介词宾语，应用动名词形式。故填helping。
7._________
Actually
解析 此处为副词作评注性状语，修饰整个句子。
8.___________
satisfaction
解析 设空处和success作并列宾语，应用名词。
9.___
a
解析 make a big difference 为固定搭配，意为“有重大影响”。
10._____
how
解析 设空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语；分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处表示“成功不是用金钱衡量的，而是在于一个人如何理解生活的真正意义”，引导词在从句中表示方式，作方式状语，意为“如何”。故用how引导该从句。
A
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物传记 词数： 323 难度： &2& 建议用时： 6分钟
[江苏泰州2023高二期中]Elizabeth Blackwell is a British-born woman doctor. She was born in England in 1821. Her father decided to move the family to the United States in 1832 after his factory was destroyed by fire. She said she turned to medicine after a close friend who was dying suggested she wouldn’t have suffered so much if her doctor had been a woman. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted to study in a medical school. But she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend’s death.
Elizabeth discussed it with her family. Her family supported her. However, all the medical colleges refused her except Geneva Medical College in New York. When she graduated from Geneva Medical College in 1849, she became the first woman in America to earn the MD degree. She was not offered many opportunities as a young female doctor; she opened her own office 2 years later. Her younger sister, Dr Emily Blackwell, joined her in 1856. Together with Dr Marie Zakrzewska, they opened the New York Infirmary （医院） for Women and Children in 1857. After establishing the infirmary, Elizabeth Blackwell went on a year-long lecture tour of Great Britain. Her lectures and personal example inspired more women to take up medicine as a profession.
When the American Civil War broke out, the Blackwell sisters aided in nursing efforts. After the end of the war, Elizabeth Blackwell carried out a plan that she had developed together with her friend Florence Nightingale while in England. She opened the Women’s Medical College with her sister. This college was operated under her sister’s management. She moved to England the next year. There, she helped to organise the National Health Society and she founded the London School of Medicine for Women.
As her health declined, Blackwell gave up the practice of medicine in the late 1870s, though she still campaigned for reform （改革）. On 31 May, 1910, she died at home in England.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国第一位获得医学博士学位的女性医生伊丽莎白·布莱克韦尔的一生以及她为医学作出的贡献。
1.What probably made Elizabeth determine to learn medicine ( )
C
A.Her family’s expectation. B.Her interest in medicine.
C.Her friend’s suggestion. D.Her friend’s medical talent.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的She said she turned to medicine after a close friend who… 以及But she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend's death.可知，是朋友的建议让伊丽莎白决定学医。故选C项。
2.How old was Elizabeth when she opened the New York Infirmary for Women and Children ( )
C
A.28. B.30. C.36. D.37.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的She was born in England in 1821.和第二段中的Together with Dr Marie Zakrzewska, they opened the New York Infirmary for Women and Children in 1857.可知，她出生于1821年，在1857年开了一家妇幼医院，所以当伊丽莎白创办妇幼医院时，她36岁（1857-1821=36）。故选C项。
3.Who was in charge of the Women’s Medical College ( )
B
A.Marie Zakrzewska. B.Emily Blackwell. C.Elizabeth Blackwell. D.Florence Nightingale.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的She opened the Women's Medical College with her sister.This college was operated under her sister's management.可知，女子医学院是由她的妹妹管理的；再根据第二段中的Her younger sister, Dr Emily Blackwell可知，她的妹妹是埃米莉·布莱克韦尔博士。故选B项。
4.Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth ( )
B
A.Simple and hard-working. B.Determined and caring.
C.Curious and patient. D.Gentle and peace-loving.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的She was not offered many opportunities as a young female doctor; she opened her own office 2 years later.可知，毕业后作为一名年轻的女医生，她没有多少就业机会，但她并没有放弃梦想，两年后，她开办了自己的诊所，由此可推断出伊丽莎白是一个有决心的人；再根据第三段中的There, she helped to organise the National Health Society and she founded the London School of Medicine for Women.可知，她是一个关心他人的人。故选B项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.offer v.提供（东西或机会）;主动提出 n.出价;主动提议
2.inspire vt.激励；鼓舞；赋予灵感
3.carry out 实施；执行；贯彻
4.decline vi.衰弱；衰退 vt.& vi.谢绝;婉言拒绝
B
体裁： 议论文 题材： 职业发展 词数： 368 难度： &3& 建议用时： 8分钟
Whether a person is considering starting a small business or changing career paths, passion must be taken into account. While characteristics such as strong values, talent, ambition, intellect, discipline, persistence, and luck all contribute to business and career success, following your passion can often make the most significant difference of all.
Before discussing passion and explaining its significance, we must first define the true meaning of success. Success is usually thought of as making large sums of wealth or achieving a certain level of fame, but true success that satisfies someone is not all about money.
Success is better defined as an achievement of a desired aim or purpose. More than money or fame, most people desire to combine their own passions with their work while making a sustainable income. ..The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive（难以解释的）definition of success.. .
For most people, success means being proud of their achievements and being part of something that matters. This is particularly true when it comes to meaningful work. If a person decides to follow their passion, there is a greater likelihood that money and traditional success will follow because the time and effort invested in the venture （风险投资） come with enthusiasm.
If enthusiasm and passion are present, people tend to be more resilient （有承受力的） when facing difficulties. People who are passionate about what they do, rather than just “in it for the money”, tend to be people who have more positive outlooks and can overcome difficulty through problem-solving.
Also, the more passionate someone is about their job, the more inclined （倾向于……的） they are to work hard on self-improvement, increasing their chances of success.
One of the most successful companies in the world is Apple. Apple’s founder and most remarkable leader was the late Steve Jobs. In an article titled The Seven Success Principles of Steve Jobs , writer Carmine Gallo outlines seven factors responsible for Jobs’ success. The article is based on interviews with Apple employees and Steve Jobs himself. The first principle “Do what you love.” Steve Jobs believed in the power of passion and once said, “People with passion can change the world for the better.” Jobs claimed that his passion for his work made all the difference.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述一个人无论是在考虑创业还是改变职业道路，热情都是必须考虑的因素，与价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、自制力、毅力和运气等特质相比，追随自己内心的热情更有助于企业和事业的成功。
1.What’s the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 1 ( )
A
A.To introduce the topic. B.To make a comparison.
C.To present a problem. D.To give a definition.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者列举了价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、自制力、毅力和运气等有助于事业成功的特质，但作者指出热情是成功最重要的因素，结合下文内容可知，作者全文都在论述热情对成功的重要性，由此可推断，第一段的目的是介绍主题。故选A项。
2.What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 ( )
B
A.Sometimes you don’t get much reward for your hard work.
B.Money doesn’t always define success.
C.If you want to be successful, you need a steady income.
D.The sign of success is the same for everyone.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段的最后一句以及第三段的第二句可知，很多人认为成功就是赚取大笔的财富，或获得一定程度的名声，而大部分人都希望能将自己的爱好与工作结合起来，同时拥有稳定的收入。由此可推知，这里作者是想表达，赚得的金钱越多，能够带来的回报和满足感就越少，人们还会追求金钱以外的东西，金钱并不总是能定义成功。故选B项。
3.What could we learn from Paragraph 4 ( )
C
A.Most people intend to choose meaningful jobs.
B.If you follow most people’s course, success is just around the corner.
C.Working with enthusiasm is more likely to succeed.
D.If you are always proud of yourself, you will succeed easily.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 If a person decides to follow their passion, there is a greater likelihood that money and traditional success will follow because the time and effort invested in the venture come with enthusiasm.可知，带着激情投入工作更有可能获得金钱以及传统意义的成功。故选C项。
4.What could be the best title for the passage ( )
B
A.The Definition of Success B.Follow Your Passions, and Success Will Follow
C.Secrets to Success D.How to Build a Meaningful Career
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，在考虑创业或是改变职业道路时，与价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、自制力、毅力和运气相比，追随自己内心的热情通常更有助于企业和事业的成功。再结合倒数第二段内容可知，一个人越是对自己的工作充满热情，就越能提升自己，从而增加成功的几率。由此可知，B项作为本文标题最为贴切。故选B项。
长难句分析
句意：成功通常被认为是赚取大笔财富或获得一定程度的名声，但真正让人满意的成功并不完全与金钱有关。
体裁： 说明文 题材： 完善自我 词数： 239 难度： &4& 建议用时： 7分钟
[广西南宁三中2022模拟] How to Be Strong-Minded
Most successful people have one characteristic in common:They are strong-minded. Someone
with a strong mind is mentally tough but they aren’t too stubborn to grow and adapt to new
situations, either. 1. ., you can achieve it with some work and patience, just like you would train
your body in a gym.
Quiet your mind. Practise letting go of unnecessary worries and distractions,so you can focus on
more important things. If you want to regain focus at the moment, you can try writing down what keeps
popping up in your head. When you get these thoughts out of your head, you’ll be able to focus better.
2. ..
Discover what brings you joy. Ask yourself when you’ve felt happiest or most fulfilled. Then,
identify the reasons why those experiences were so rewarding for you. Try to reproduce these
experiences more often. Also, ask people who you’re close to about yourself. 3. .. This can be a
powerful tool in self-discovery.
A
E
G
4. .. Think about what drives you to achieve in your day-to-day life. If you often find yourself just
trying to get through the day, ask yourself what you would do with your time if you didn’t have to
worry about basic concerns like money.
Create actionable short-term goals. Now that you have a general understanding of where you want
to go,break those long-term goals down. 5. .. Try to set SMART goals that are specific, measurable,
attainable, realistic and time-bound.
B
F
A.If you want a stronger mind
B.Find out what motivates you
C.If you loved a past tutoring job
D.Take more opportunities to help others
E.Devote some time later to attending to these thoughts or ideas
F.This keeps you from getting overwhelmed and helps you stay on track
G.Ask them what characteristics describe you when you’re at your happiest
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何让人变得意志坚强的一些策略。
1.___
A
解析 结合文章标题How to Be Strong-Minded及上文中的Most successful people have one characteristic in common:They are strong-minded.可知，大多数的成功人士都是意志坚强的人。再根据空后的you can achieve it with some work and patience可知，设空处应承接上文并引出下文，讲述如果你想要拥有坚强的意志，你可以通过付出努力和耐心来实现。A项（如果你想要拥有更坚强的意志）符合语境。
2.___
E
解析 根据空前的Practise letting go of unnecessary worries and distractions, so you can focus on more important things.If you want to regain focus at the moment, you can try writing down what keeps popping up in your head.When you get these thoughts out of your head, you'll be able to focus better.可知，如果你想要让自己专注于重要的事情，你可以集中注意力把那些不断出现在你脑海中的不必要的担忧和令你分心的事从头脑中清除出去。E项（稍后再花一些时间关注这些思想或想法）与上文衔接紧密，且E项中的these thoughts or ideas与空前的these thoughts相呼应，符合语境，故选E项。
3.___
G
解析 根据空前的ask people who you're close to about yourself可知，要询问与你亲近的人对你的看法。设空处应承接前文，描述他们在某些时候对你的看法。G项（问一问当你最快乐的时候，他们是怎么描述你的）符合语境。
4.___
B
解析 根据设空处位置可知，设空处应为该段的中心句。空后的Think about what drives you to achieve in your day-to-day life.提到要思考对自己有激励作用的事情。故设空处应该与此相关。B项（找出是什么激励了你）引出下文的论述，符合语境。
5.___
F
解析 根据空前的Create actionable short-term goals.Now that you have a general understanding of where you want to go, break those long-term goals down.可知，要把自己的长期目标分解成短期可实现的小目标。F项（这让你不至于负担过重，并帮助你保持在正确的轨道上）承接前文，讲述了这样做的意义，符合语境。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.have… in common 在……有相同之处
2.tough adj.坚强的；顽强的；严厉的；强硬的
3.adapt to 适应
4.get through 度过；消磨；挥霍；熬过
02
Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He is an __________ （influence） writer of children’s literature in the 1980s.
influential
解析 句意为：他是二十世纪八十年代一位有影响力的儿童文学作家。设空处修饰名词writer，应用形容词，故填influential。
2.I find it helpful for me to be mentally prepared to face every _________ （reject）.
rejection
解析 句意为：我发现从心理上做好准备去面对每一次拒绝对我来说是有帮助的。设空处作动词face的宾语，且被every修饰，应填名词单数形式rejection。
3.The acting is so ___________ （convince） that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals
he has ever tasted.
convincing
解析 句意为：他的表演是如此令人信服，以至于你会相信这是他吃过的最好的饭菜之一。设空处在句中作is的表语，根据空前的副词so可知，该空应用形容词，表示“令人信服的”。故填convincing。
4.Despite many failures, the boy felt optimistic after hearing the __________ （motivate） words from
his teachers and family.
motivating
解析 句意为：尽管失败了很多次，这个男孩在听到老师和家人鼓励的话后仍感到很乐观。设空处修饰名词words，应用形容词，且表示的是名词的性质，应用-ing形式的形容词，故填motivating。
5.I truly appreciate all your devotion and achievement, which will surely contribute ___ the spread of
Chinese culture.
to
解析 句意为：我由衷地感谢你们的付出和成就，这必将为中国文化的传播作出贡献。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“为……作出贡献”，故填to。
6.There is a limit ______ the amount of pain we can bear.
to/on
解析 句意为：我们所能承受的痛苦是有一定限度的。limit作名词时，常与介词to/on搭配，表示“……限度”。limit作动词时，常用于limit… to…，意为“限制……在……”。
7.Aiming to get the offer, you need to convince the interviewers ___ your passions.
of
解析 句意为：为了得到这个机会，你需要使面试官相信你（对这份工作）的热情。convince sb of sth为固定表达，意为“使某人相信某事”。
8.He has devoted himself to __________ （improve） the living conditions of the villagers.
improving
解析 句意为：他全身心投入来帮助村民们改善生活条件。devote oneself to doing sth为固定表达，意为“全心投入做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。
9.You’d better not get yourself ________ （expose） to the sun so long. It may result in skin diseases.
exposed
解析 句意为：你最好不要让自己暴露在阳光下太久。这可能会导致皮肤病。分析句子结构可知，此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处作宾补，expose与yourself之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填exposed。
10.He isn’t a man who knows _____ to deal with people properly, but he’s good at doing with all kinds
of papers in front of him.
how
解析 句意为：他不是一个懂得如何正确跟人打交道的人，但是他擅长处理面前各种各样的文件。分析句子结构可知，此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，结合语境可知，此处表示方式，意为“如何”，应填疑问词how。
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物介绍 词数： 172 难度： &5& 建议用时： 7分钟
[河南南阳2022高二期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Distinguished scientist Lu Yuanjiu has urged China’s scientists, researchers, engineers and technicians
1. . （make） full use of their talents to contribute to the motherland and her people.
“People in my generation 2. . （study） under enemy bombing and built our country from
ruins,” he said.“My comrades （同事） and I spent our 3. . （young） in sending our country’s
rockets and satellites into space. Our successors have managed to place spacecraft on the moon and
Mars, 4. . （accomplish） our country’s thousand-year dreams of exploring the universe. I
am very 5. . （hope） that our younger scientists, researchers, engineers and technicians can see
their work 6. . a long-distance race, stay true to their 7. . （mission）, and use all their
passion and energy to advance the nation’s science and technology.”
One of the founders of China’s space industry, Lu played 8. . important role in the design and
construction of the country’s first satellite 9. . was lifted into orbit in April 1970. In recognition of
his service and contribution to China, Lu 10. . （award） the July 1 Medal in 2021.
to make
studied
youth
accomplishing
hopeful
as
missions
an
that
was awarded
1._________
to make
解析 句意为：杰出科学家陆元九呼吁中国的科学家、研究人员、工程师和技术人员充分发挥自己的才能，为祖国和人民作出贡献。urge sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“呼吁/敦促某人做某事”。故填to make。
2.________
studied
解析 句意为：“我们这一代人在敌人的轰炸下求学，从废墟中建设我们的国家。”他说道。根据语境可知，此处指他那一代的人的学习情况，结合空后的built可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填studied。
3.______
youth
解析 句意为：我和我的同事们用我们的青春把我们国家的火箭和人造卫星送上太空。设空处作动词spent的宾语，且空前有形容词性物主代词our，应用名词，故填youth。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了我国杰出科学家陆元九对航天事业作出的贡献和对年轻人的期待。
4._____________
accomplishing
解析 句意为：我们的继任者成功地将航天器发往月球和火星，实现了我们国家探索宇宙的千年梦想。句子已有谓语have managed，设空处与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语；此处表示一种自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填accomplishing。
5.________
hopeful
解析 句意为：我非常希望我们年轻的科学家、研究人员、工程师和技术人员可以将他们的工作视为一场长跑比赛，忠于使命，用他们所有的热情和精力来推动国家的科技进步。设空处在句中作表语，且空前有very修饰，应填形容词；根据语境可知，此处表示“满怀希望的”。故填hopeful。
6.___
as
解析 句意见上一题解析。see sth as sth为固定搭配，意为“把某物看作某物”。故填as。
7._________
missions
解析 句意见第5题解析。mission表示“使命；任务”时为可数名词；根据语境可判断，此处表示泛指，且表示不止一个，应用名词的复数形式。故填missions。
8.____
an
解析 句意为：作为中国航天工业的奠基人之一，陆元九在1970年4月发射升空的中国第一颗人造卫星的设计和建造中发挥了重要作用。play an important role in… 为固定搭配，意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。
9._____
that
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处前内容句子结构完整，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词satellite，引导词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词引导该从句；先行词被first修饰，关系代词用that，不用which。故填that。
10._____________
was awarded
解析 句意为：为了表彰他对中国的服务和贡献，陆元九在2021年被授予“七一勋章”。由时间状语in 2021可知，被授予勋章是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，且Lu和award之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
【方法总结】语法填空中考查动词题的解题思路
A[山东滨州2023高二期中]
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物故事 词数： 343 难度： &6& 建议用时： 8分钟
Frederick Banting hated school. Having grown up on a farm near Alliston, Ontario, Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school. After graduation, he began studies to become a minister. When that did not go well, he changed his goal to medicine. World War Ⅰ arrived, and the great need for field medics （医护人员） facilitated the early graduation of Fred. After the war, the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice. Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes（糖尿病）, a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.
To solve the problem of this disease, Fred approached Dr J.J.R. MacLeod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr MacLeod to support him. In 1920, Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best. Fred and Charles worked day and night, but early results of producing the hormone （激素） preparation they called insulin （胰岛素） were discouraging. Many of the animals they treated died. Finally one animal survived for
several weeks. The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere, and it was time to move on to human subjects. Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin on each other. Their tests were a .triumph..
The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard. The year was 1921. The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds, and he was barely alive. But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.
In 1923, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J.J.R.MacLeod. Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery. Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved. Thanks to Fred, diabetics are able to live normal lives.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了弗雷德里克·班廷在一战后投身于糖尿病研究，在麦克劳德博士的支持下研制出胰岛素，并在1923年获得诺贝尔奖。本可以成为百万富翁的他，最终以一美元的价格卖掉了自己的专利，希望能让更多的糖尿病患者得到救治。
1.What does Paragraph 1 focus on ( )
B
A.Why Fred graduated early. B.How Fred took up the research on diabetes.
C.Why Fred changed his life goal. D.What Fred experienced in World War Ⅰ.
解析 主旨大意题。第一段讲述了弗雷德里克的人生经历：从学习成为一名牧师到战地医生，再到最后开始研究糖尿病，所以第一段重点介绍弗雷德里克是如何开始从事糖尿病研究的。故选B项。
2.What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in Paragraph 2 ( )
A
A.Success. B.Reference. C.Challenge. D.Demonstration.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin on each other.可知，画线词所在句中的Their tests指代的是弗雷德里克和查尔斯在他们自己身上做的胰岛素实验，在真正治疗病人之前，他们首先在自己身上做实验查看效果；再根据第三段中的But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success.Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.可推知，他们的实验成功了，故画线词是“成功”的含义。故选A项。
3.Why did Fred sell his patent ( )
C
A.To make money. B.To earn a reputation. C.To benefit patients. D.To promote insulin.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.可知，弗雷德里克卖出专利的原因是他希望这种药物能够以低廉的价格投入市场，让更多的病人得到救治，所以C项“让病人受益”符合题意。故选C项。
4.Which of the following is probably the best title for the text ( )
C
A.A Successful Test B.A Famous Doctor C.An Unusual Hero D.A Great Discovery
解析 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了弗雷德里克投身于糖尿病研究，在麦克劳德博士的支持下研制出胰岛素，并在1923年获得诺贝尔奖，他本可以靠自己的专利成为百万富翁，但最终他以一美元的价格出售了该专利，希望能让更多的病人得到救治，所以C项（一位非同寻常的英雄）可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.approach vt.接洽；要求 vi.&vt.走近；接近
2.equip vt.装备；配备；使有知识和技能
3.appear linking v.似乎；显得 vi.出现；露面
熟词生义
1.claim 熟义：vt.声称；主张 生义：vt.（战争、疾病等）夺去生命
2.market 熟义：n.市场 生义：vt.出售;推销
B[四川成都外国语学校2022段测]
体裁：议论文 题材：社会文化 词数：394 难度： &7& 建议用时：8分钟
Would you BET on the future of this man He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before
We’ve all known people who .run out of steam.. before they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can’t change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos （自我）, whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate （视……等同于） “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章以《堂吉诃德》的作者塞万提斯的事迹为例，论述了想要成功，就要不断地学习，这样人生才有意义。
1.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that ___ .
B
A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativity B.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal
C.misery inspires a man to fight against his fate D.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune… he determines to write a book.可知，塞万提斯写书时已经53岁，不再年轻，其前半生一直生活在不幸中，但即便这样，他还是决定写一本书；再根据第二段中的The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.可知，塞万提斯最终实现了目标，并取得了巨大成功。由此推知，文章用塞万提斯的故事作为开头，是为了表明年龄不是实现目标的障碍。故选B项。
2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean ( )
D
A.End one’s struggle for liberty. B.Waste one’s energy taking risks.
C.Miss the opportunity to succeed. D.Lose the interest to continue learning.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can't all get there.I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.可知，作者谈论的是那些还没走到人生的一半，就失去了继续学习的兴趣的人。由此可推知，画线部分的意思是“失去继续学习的兴趣”。故选D项。
3.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5 ( )
D
A.A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B.A wise man can live without self-pity.
C.A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D.A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，我们在成长的过程中要学会忍受自己无法改变的事情，学会避免自怜，明白不管我们如何取悦他人，总会有人不喜爱我们。由此可推知，在第五段中，作者是想告诉我们，要学会用合适的方式来对待生活。故选D项。
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage ( )
A
A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
解析 推理判断题。通读全文，根据文章内容，尤其是第六段中的With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos可知，作者写这篇文章是为了就如何才能过有意义的成年生活给出指导建议。故选A项。
刷完形填空
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物故事 词数： 230 难度： &8& 建议用时： 15分钟
[福建泉州2022高二期中] James shook his money box again.Nothing! He carefully . .1. . the coins that lay on the bed.$24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least$90!
He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was . .2. . to hang out with people when you were the only one without a bicycle. He thought about what he could do. There was no . .3. . in asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to . .4. .
There was only one way to get money, and that was to . .5. . it. He would have to find a job. But who would hire him and what could he do He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had . .6. . on most things.
“Well, you can start right here,” said Mr Clay.“My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”
That was the . .7. . of James’ business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the . .8. . of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, and cleared out cupboards. He lost count of the number of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the . .9. . increased and he knew that he would soon have . .10. . for the bicycle he longed for.
The day . .11. . came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He . .12. . no time and went to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode . .13. . home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard . .14. . for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle more since he had bought it with his own money. He had . .15. . what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了詹姆斯通过自己的努力挣钱买了一辆梦寐以求的自行车的故事。
1.( )A.cleaned B.covered C.counted D.checked
C
解析 根据下文提到的他一共有24.52美元可知，詹姆斯是把盒子里的硬币倒在床上，认真地数了起来。count意为“计数”。故选C项。
2.( )A.brave B.smart C.unfair D.hard
D
解析 根据空后的to hang out with people when you were the only one without a bicycle可知，詹姆斯的朋友都有自行车，只有他没有，所以每次跟朋友出去对他来说都很困难。hard 意为“困难的；艰难的”，符合语境。故选D项。
3.( )A.fun B.harm C.point D.difficulty
C
解析 根据空后的he knew they had no money 可知，詹姆斯知道父母没有多余的钱，向父母要钱是没有用的。there's no point（in）doing sth意为“做某事是没有用的”。故选C项。
4.( )A.separate B.spare C.spend D.save
B
解析 根据空前的There was no ____ in asking his parents可知，找父母要钱是没用的，因为詹姆斯知道他们也没有多余的钱。money to spare 意为“多出的钱”，符合语境。separate 意为“分开”，spend 意为“花费”，save 意为“储蓄”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
5.( )A.borrow B.collect C.raise D.earn
D
解析 根据后文中的He would have to find a job.可知，詹姆斯打算找一份工作，由此可知，他决定挣钱买自行车。故选D项。
6.( )A.decisions B.experience C.knowledge D.opinions
D
解析 根据空前的He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice可知，此处表示克莱先生对大部分事情都有自己的看法。opinion 常与介词 on 搭配，意为“对某事的看法”。故选D项。
7.( )A.introduction B.beginning C.requirement D.ending
B
解析 根据上文可知，那份工作是詹姆斯的第一份工作，是一个开始。故选B项。
8.( )A.variety B.similarity C.quality D.suitability
A
解析 根据后文中的He took dogs and babies for walks, and cleared out cupboards.可知，詹姆斯对人们介绍给他的各种各样的工作感到很吃惊。the variety of 意为“各种各样的”。故选A 项。
9.( )A.effort B.pressure C.trouble D.money
D
解析 根据语境可知，虽然詹姆斯记不清他到底干过多少清洗工作，但是他知道他的钱越来越多了。故选D项。
10.( )A.enough B.all C.much D.some
A
解析 根据空后的for the bicycle he longed for可知，詹姆斯的钱越来越多，很快就会有足够的钱去买自行车了。故选A项。
11.( )A.instantly B.normally C.finally D.regularly
C
解析 根据空后的when James counted his money and found ?$94.32可知，詹姆斯挣够了买自行车的钱的那一天终于来了。finally 意为“最后；终于”，含有经过努力达成目标的意味，符合语境。故选C项。
12.( )A.gave B.wasted C.left D.took
B
解析 根据上文詹姆斯对自行车的渴望可知，此处是指他赶紧去买了自行车。waste no time意为“赶紧”，符合语境。故选B项。
13.( )A.patiently B.silently C.proudly D.tiredly
C
解析 根据空后的looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends可知，詹姆斯在经过一番努力后终于买到了自行车，他自豪地骑着车回家了。故选C项。
14.( )A.working B.asking C.looking D.applying
A
解析 根据语境可知，詹姆斯工作挣钱很辛苦。ask for 意为“要求”，look for 意为“寻找”，apply for 意为“申请；请求”，均不符合语境。故选A项。
15.( )A.deserved B.achieved C.benefited D.learnt
B
解析 根据空后的what he thought was impossible可知，詹姆斯完成了自己曾经认为不可能的事。achieve意为“完成”，符合语境。deserve意为“应得”，benefit 意为“有益于”，learn 意为“学习”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
03
Lesson 3 Getting to the Top
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I am __________ （extreme） delighted to hear your passing the exam.
extremely
解析 句意为：听到你通过考试的消息，我非常高兴。设空处修饰形容词delighted，应填副词。
2.The new bedroom measures three metres in _______ （long）.
length
解析 句意为：这间新卧室的长度为三米。“……长/宽/高三米”的表达为“three metres in+length/width/height”或者“three metres long/wide/high”。
3.Like children, parents are _________ （defend） about their personal privacy.
defensive
解析 句意为：父母和孩子一样，很注重保护个人隐私。设空处作表语，应用形容词。
4.The nurses are tending to the _______ （injure） carefully.
injured
解析 句意为：护士们正在仔细地照顾伤者。“the+adj.”可表示一类人，如the poor, the rich, the elderly, the old 等。
5.It was _________ （normal） for him to turn up late for he set off early.
abnormal
解析 句意为：他来晚了，这不太正常，因为他很早就出发了。根据语境可知，需要填写normal的反义词，表示“不正常的”。
6.The students benefiting most from college are those who are totally engaged in _________ （academy）
life.
academic
解析 句意为：在大学中受益最多的学生是那些全身心投入学术生涯的人。设空处作定语，修饰life, 应用形容词形式。故填 academic。
7.About 1,500 active volcanoes can be found across the world though _________ （count） others are
sleeping on the ocean floor.
countless
解析 句意为：世界各地大约有1,500座活火山，但还有无数活火山沉睡于海底。设空处修饰不定代词others，应用形容词；根据语境可知，此处表示“无数的；多得数不清的”，故填 countless。
8.The small town has been in ______ （ruin） after the earthquake for many years.
ruins
解析 句意为：地震过后，这个小镇破败了好多年了。be in ruins 为固定搭配，意为“（建筑物）倒塌；破败不堪”。
9.____ average, smoking reduces life expectancy by around two years.
On
解析 句意为：平均来看，吸烟会使人减少大约两年的预期寿命。on average 为固定搭配，意为“平均来看”。
10.The teacher patted the little boy on ____ shoulder gently to comfort him.
the
解析 句意为：那位老师轻轻地拍了拍小男孩的肩膀来安慰他。 “ hit/strike/pat/catch sb+介词+the+身体部位” 为固定结构，如 catch sb by the arm, hit sb on the head 等。
根据提示补全句子。
1.最终的决定归结为从这两个方案中作出选择。（boil）
The final decision ___________ ______ ___ a choice between the two plans.
boils/boiled
down
to
2.这些志愿者们致力于降低这个小村庄的辍学率。（apply）
The volunteers have ________ ___________ ___ _________ the dropout rate in the small village.
applied
themselves
to
reducing
3.在夏令营中，你的努力会使你相较其他的竞争者更加突出。 （apart）
Hard work will ____ _____ ______ ______ other competitors in the summer camp.
set
you
apart
from
4.这项研究表明，人们天生就有某种特定的体重趋势，就像其肤色或身高一样。（born）
This research indicates that people ____ _____ _____ a tendency to have a certain weight, just like their
skin colour or height.
are
born
with
5.不把自己逼到极限，你永远也不知道自己能有多优秀。
You never know how good you can be until you ______ ________ ___ ____ ______ .
push
yourself
to
the
limit
6.数十亿人每天使用社交媒体来创造、分享和交流想法、消息和信息。（basis）
Billions of people use social media ____ ___ _______________ ______ to create, share, and exchange
ideas, messages, and information.
on
a
daily/day-to-day
basis
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.You don’t necessarily have to own ____ latest everything but you should have ___ rough idea of what
is changing.
the
a
解析 句意为：你不必拥有所有最新的东西，但你应该对正在发生的变化有一个大致的了解。latest 是形容词的最高级，前面要加定冠词 the，故第一空填the；第二空表泛指，应用不定冠词，rough 的发音以辅音音素开头，故第二空填 a。
2.He came here without friends or possessions but made ___ fortune in the business of diamonds later.
a
解析 句意为：他来这里时没有朋友，也没有财产，后来靠钻石生意发了财。固定短语 make a fortune 表示“发财”。故填 a。
3.___ knowledge of astronomy is essential to understanding the Earth.
A
解析 句意为：天文学知识对于了解地球是必不可少的。a knowledge of… 是固定短语，意为“……方面的知识”；设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填A。
4.[全国甲2021] It took us about 3 hours to go all ____ way around the Xi’an City Wall.
the
解析 句意为：在西安城墙上骑行一周花了我们大约3个小时。all the way为固定搭配，意为“全程；一路上”。故填the。
5.[全国新高考Ⅱ2022] _____ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
The
解析 句意为：布朗一家住在多伦多市外的一栋公寓大楼里。分析句子结构可知，设空处与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。“the+姓氏+family”意为“某某一家人”，此处应用定冠词the。同时该空置于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
6.[浙江2022年6月] The tactile （可触知的） paintings work as a way to show art to ____ blind
because we don’t see with just our eyes: We see with our brains.
the
解析 句意为：触觉绘画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅通过眼睛来看，我们还用大脑来看。“the+adj.”表示一类人，the blind表示“盲人”。故填the。
7.It’s my first trip abroad so I’m going to make ____ most of it.
the
解析 句意为：这是我第一次出国旅行，所以我要充分利用它。make the most of为固定搭配，意为“充分利用”。故填the。
8.The company plans to double the current number of domestic stores to nearly 12,000. To meet
________ target, it will start more stores at airports and supermarkets.
the/this
解析 句意为：该公司计划将目前国内门店数量增加一倍，达到近12,000家。为了实现这一目标，该公司将在机场和超市开设更多商店。根据句意可知，此处表示“实现这一目标”，即前一句提到的将门店数量增加一倍这件事，为特指，应用定冠词the或者指示代词this修饰。故填the/this。
9.Besides those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ____ effort to
promote the sport among young people.
an
解析 句意为：为了努力在年轻人中推广这一运动，除了校内的那些举措外，还建立了47个足球训练营。固定短语 in an effort to do sth 表示“努力做某事”。故填an。
10.[全国新高考Ⅰ2022] Covering an area about three times ____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
the
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将是我国首批国家公园之一。此处为“倍数+the size of+其他”结构，表示“……的大小是……的几倍”。故填the。
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物故事 词数： 178 难度： &9& 建议用时： 7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Success comes no easy for everyone, especially for 1. . female Olympic athlete.
As one of the Olympic triathletes, so far, I 2. . （pay） a lot in the process of striving
for greatness. Due 3. . endless training, I have missed countless important occasions 4. . the
normal people easily enjoy, such as family holidays, friend parties and even my 5. . （brother）
wedding. I also take the risk of being separated from my peers owing to the regular 6. .
（absent） from the normal get-togethers with them. As a result, I am always wondering whether it is
worthwhile to make so many sacrifices for the so-called champion.
The answer comes down to strong determination and natural desire for greatness. The desire to be a
7. . （profession） athlete drives me to be 8. . （total） committed to my sports.
Even though the strong intensity of daily training might mean getting injured, I am still willing
9. . （prepare） the extra little bit for the top. I have made every effort to live my life to
extremes no matter what it takes, never 10. . （think） about giving up.
a
have paid
to
that/which
brother's
absence
professional
totally
to prepare
thinking
1.___
a
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示泛指“一位女性奥林匹克运动员”，应用不定冠词；female的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.__________
have paid
解析 根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have paid。
3.___
to
解析 due to为固定用法，表示“由于；因为”。故填to。
4.__________
that/which
解析 设空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，且指代物，故填that/which。
5._________
brother's
解析 my ___ wedding与前面的family holidays和friend parties并列，表示列举，此处为名词短语，设空处修饰名词wedding，表示所属关系，应用名词所有格。故填brother's。
6.________
absence
解析 设空处作owing to的宾语，且空前有形容词regular修饰，应用名词。故填absence。
7.____________
professional
解析 设空处修饰名词athlete，作定语，应用形容词。
8._______
totally
解析 设空处修饰后面的形容词committed，应用副词。
9.__________
to prepare
解析 be willing to do sth为固定搭配，意为“愿意做某事”。
10.________
thinking
解析 分析句子结构可知，本句为主从复合句，主句谓语为have made，从句谓语为takes，设空处与主句谓语和从句谓语之间均无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词作状语，think与I为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填thinking。
A[河南郑州2022高二期末]
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物传记 词数：299 难度： &10& 建议用时：7分钟
Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1850. Stevenson liked to regard his childhood as a golden age; in reality it was also, as he later admitted, full of unpleasant dreams, sleeplessness and feverish colds, which resulted from a lung condition.
In September 1857, Stevenson went to Mr Henderson’s School, but because of physical weakness he stayed only a few weeks and didn’t return until October 1859. In October 1864, he was sent to Robert Thomson’s private school. Stevenson became a student at the University of Edinburgh from November 1867 and unwillingly prepared himself for the engineering profession. In April 1871, he told his father he cared for nothing but literature. His father was naturally disappointed, and they finally reached an agreement that his son should read law first. In fact, Stevenson published a historical essay in 1866 at his father’s expense.
All through his university years, when he was looked upon as a lazy student ignoring his formal education, Stevenson was in fact reading widely and conscientiously （勤勉认真地）. He learnt how to write by describing what he saw and, above all, by letting himself write in the same way as other authors did. In this way, he learnt from a wide range of authors.
A turning point in Stevenson’s life came in the summer of 1873 when he met Professor Sidney Colvin and his friend Mrs Frances Sitwell， who recognised his potential and did all they could to support him. Colvin became Stevenson’s literary adviser and closest friend. In 1875, he became a lawyer, but he soon gave up the profession and devoted himself to literary work. Under Colvin’s influence, Stevenson’s essays began to appear in magazines. From 1876, he began to write a series of essays containing light-hearted observations on life, and they became very popular.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森的成长经历。
1.What can we learn about Stevenson from Paragraphs 1 and 2 ( )
A
A.He was in poor health as a child. B.He unfortunately developed lung cancer.
C.He quit school owing to his poor grades. D.He learnt engineering with great enthusiasm.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的in reality it was also, as he later admitted, full of unpleasant dreams, sleeplessness and feverish colds, which resulted from a lung condition和第二段中的because of physical weakness he stayed only a few weeks and didn't return until October 1859可知，史蒂文森小时候身体不好。故选A项。
2.What did Stevenson’s father do in response to his love for literature ( )
D
A.He simply ignored it. B.He firmly opposed it.
C.He deeply doubted it. D.He conditionally supported it.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In April 1871, he told his father he cared for nothing but literature.His father was naturally disappointed, and they finally reached an agreement that his son should read law first.可推断，史蒂文森的父亲有条件地支持他对文学的热爱。故选D项。
3.How did Stevenson mainly improve his writing skills ( )
C
A.By reading widely. B.By practising regularly.
C.By copying others’ styles. D.By giving descriptions of things.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的... above all， by letting himself write in the same way as other authors did.In this way, he learnt from a wide range of authors.可知，史蒂文森主要通过模仿许多作家的风格来提高他的写作技巧。故选C项。
4.Which contributed most to Stevenson’s success in literature ( )
B
A.His great passion for literature. B.The help from Colvin and Sitwell.
C.His careful observations on life. D.His constant writing for magazines.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 A turning point in Stevenson's life came in the summer of 1873 when he met Professor Sidney Colvin and his friend Mrs Frances Sitwell, who recognised his potential and did all they could to support him.以及Under Colvin's influence... became very popular.可知，史蒂文森在文学上的成功主要归功于科尔文和西特韦尔的帮助。故选B项。
长难句分析
句意：史蒂文森人生的转折点出现在1873年的夏天，当时他遇到了西德尼·科尔文教授和他的朋友弗朗西丝·西特韦尔夫人，他们认识到了他的潜力，并尽其所能支持他。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
at one’s expense 由某人付费
熟词生义
condition n. 熟义：条件；状况 生义：长期疾病
B[山西省2022年学业水平考试]
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究 词数：335 难度： &11& 建议用时：8分钟
Role models are important for inspiring scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant. In new studies, researchers found young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with efforts than those whose success was because of natural intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at the Pennsylvania State University, and Janet N. Ann, an assistant professor of psychology at William Paterson University, said the findings—recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology —will help deal with the certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers, there is concern in the science community about the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college. To help solve the problem, Hu and Ann wanted to research role models, who give the students specific goals, behaviour or strategies they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176 and 162 participants in each study respectively. In the first study, all participants read the same story about common challenges a scientist met in his science career. However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison. Although the stories are the same, participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance was the reason for Einstein’s success. In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.
“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius, with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent,” Hu said.“Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts.” Hu added, “Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work, more students will step into the science career confidently.”
1.What kind of scientist is more encouraging ( )
B
A.Those who are famous around the world. B.Those who are famous for their hard work.
C.Those who are viewed as naturally brilliant. D.Those who are viewed as great inventors.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant 可知，那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了以勤奋和努力而闻名的科学家比天生才华横溢的科学家更能鼓舞人心。
2.What is the concern in the science community ( )
A
A.Fewer students will work on science.
B.The students will drop out of school soon.
C.There are fewer role models for students to follow.
D.Some scientists cannot give students specific goals.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 there is concern in the science community about the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college 可知,很多在校期间追求科学事业的学生在大学毕业后就放弃了从事科学相关的事业，也就是说从事科学事业的学生会更少，而这正是科学界所担忧的事情。故选A项。
3.Why were some participants motivated to complete a series of maths problems ( )
C
A.They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B.They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
C.They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
D.They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的关键句 In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.可知，参与者完成一系列的数学题是受到爱迪生的故事的鼓舞;再根据最后一段中的关键句 Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts.可知，爱迪生在尝试发明灯泡时失败了1,000多次，他的成功与他的努力有关。综合上述内容可以得知，这些受到爱迪生故事鼓舞的参与者们相信通过努力和勤奋可以解决问题，所以他们才有动力去完成一系列数学题。故选C项。
4.What is the best title for the text ( )
D
A.Einstein’s Success Story B.Edison’s Achievements Are Greater
C.How to Be a Great Scientist D.Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison
解析 主旨大意题。第一段中的scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant点明了本文主旨，再结合文章内容可知，本文主要阐述的是那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。D项“Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison”中的Einstein代指天生才华横溢的科学家，Edison代指以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家，即“天生才华横溢的科学家不如以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家鼓舞人心”，故D项最适合作为本文的标题。
【方法总结】主旨大意题的解题方法
浏览全文，抓住关键信息，把握主旨。例如本篇文章中的第4小题，第一段中的scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant就是关键信息，点明了文章的主旨。再结合选项可知，D项以代指的手法体现了本文的主旨，故D项最适合做本文的标题。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.brilliant adj.优秀的；杰出的；极好的；明亮的；鲜艳的
2.motivate vt.激发；激励；促动
进阶词汇
respectively adv.各自地；分别；依次为
体裁： 说明文 题材： 介绍说明 词数： 215 难度： &12& 建议用时： 7分钟
[湖南长沙长郡中学2022高二期末]
How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals
It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life. It can become an easy process
for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. 1. .
Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be
effective. Kids prefer generalising when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be
the best basketball player in the team. 2. . What exactly does a goal like this mean You need to ask
them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game （or however many; just something
measurable） so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.
Write down goals. 3. . Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is
likely to achieve them.
G
B
D
4. . Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach
them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.
Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the
steps they would take to achieve their goal. 5. . It is important to help your children have their own
checkpoint systems that actually work for them.
C
F
A.Learn to set a long-term goal.
B.How is a goal like this measured
C.Judge goals that are not realistic.
D.This tip is supported by science as well.
E.Goals can never be achieved unless they are written down.
F.You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.
G.They need these practical tips to make them work on achieving something personal.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何帮助孩子设定目标。
1.___
G
解析 根据文章标题以及下文各段的第一句可知，设空处承上启下，引出下文几段所给出的建议，G项符合语境，其中tips与各段第一句相呼应。故选G项。
2.___
B
解析 根据空前一句For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team.以及空后What exactly does a goal like this mean 并结合选项可知，B项符合语境。B项中的a goal like this与空后问句中的a goal like this均指代空前提到的“成为一个队中最出色的篮球运动员”。
3.___
D
解析 根据空后内容可知，此处是在说明将目标写下来这一建议有科学依据。D项中的This tip指代空前的Write down goals.；science呼应空后的Recent studies。故D项符合语境。
4.___
C
解析 根据空后内容可知，本段主要介绍孩子们有选择那些看起来无法实现的目标的习惯，需要教他们判断不现实的目标。C项（判断不切实际的目标）适合作为本段的总起句。
5.___
F
解析 根据空前的 Set up review points.You can ask them to write their main goal 以及空后的It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.可知，帮助孩子建立定期检查他们是否进步的方法是很重要的。F项中的You can also ask them呼应空前一句中的You can ask them，且引出下文提到这样做的重要性。故F项符合语境。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.at an early stage 在早期；在初期
2.generalise vi.笼统地讲；概括；归纳 vt.将……类推到
04
Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Some people believe laziness promoted the development of technology. In turn, _________ （advance）
technology perhaps makes people become more inactive.
advanced
解析 句意为：有些人认为懒惰促进了技术的发展。反过来，先进的技术可能会使人们变得更加懒散。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词technology，此处表示“先进的”，故填advanced。
2.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as _________ （refer） books while the magazines serve
as reading materials.
reference
解析 句意为：课本和字典可以用作参考书，而杂志是阅读材料。分析句子结构可知，______ books为名词短语作介词as的宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“参考书”，故填reference，此处为名词作定语，修饰books。
3.In his lifelong _________ （devote） to agriculture, Yuan Longping was always driven by his passion
to better feed China and the world.
devotion
解析 句意为：袁隆平毕生致力于农业，他一直被他的热情所驱使，想更好地为中国和世界提供食物。分析句子可知，设空处前有形容词lifelong和形容词性物主代词his修饰，应填名词，故填devotion。
4.The advent （出现） of the compass was a g