北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Humour Topic Talk &Lesson 1 What ’ s So Funny?单元习题课件(共129张PPT)

(共129张PPT)
选择性必修第二册
Unit 4 Humour
01
Topic Talk &Lesson 1 What ’ s So Funny
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1._______ （face） expressions play a key role in face-to-face communication.
Facial
解析 句意为：面部表情在面对面交流中起着关键作用。设空处后面为名词，应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词 expressions。
2.There is growing ________ （anxious） over the people living with depression.
anxiety
解析 句意为：（人们）对抑郁症患者的担忧越来越多。分析句子成分可知，句中缺少主语；根据设空处前的形容词growing和设空处后的介词可知，设空处应填名词形式。
3.The contradiction between ___________ （balanced） and inadequate development and the people’s
ever-growing needs for a better life is what we must face up to.
unbalanced
解析 句意为：人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾是我们必须要勇于面对的事情。根据句子结构和句意可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词 development，应填形容词，意为“不平衡的”。故填 unbalanced。
4.Those who are positive about life __________ （potential） enjoy more satisfaction.
potentially
解析 句意为：那些拥有积极生活态度的人可能享有更多的满足感。设空处修饰动词 enjoy，应用副词作状语。potentially 为副词，意为“潜在地；可能地”。
5.The little girl felt ____________ （embarrass） at being the centre of attention in the crowd.
embarrassed
解析 句意为：这个小女孩因成为众人关注的焦点而感到尴尬。分析句子成分可知，设空处应用形容词作表语。embarrassed 为形容词，意为“尴尬的”，用来形容主语的感受。
6.Teachers should try to create an atmosphere _______ students can enjoy learning.
where
解析 句意为：教师应该努力营造一种让学生可以享受学习的氛围。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 atmosphere，先行词表示抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导从句。故填 where。
7.He pretended _____________ （read） when I came into his bedroom.
to be reading
解析 句意为：我进他的卧室的时候，他假装正在读书。pretend to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“假装做某事”，此处表示某一时刻正在进行的动作，故用不定式的进行式。
8.I ______________ （fly） the Atlantic Ocean at that time next week.
will be flying
解析 句意为：下周的那个时候我将正在飞越大西洋。设空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语 at that time next week 可知，应用将来进行时。
9.The manager apologised for his coming late and asked how long I __________________________
（wait）.
had waited/had been waiting
解析 句意为：经理为他来晚了而道歉，并问我等了多长时间了。“我等待”发生在经理“问”之前，为过去的过去，应用过去完成时；此处也强调“一直等待”之意，故也可以用过去完成进行时。
10.I _________________ （write） a report about the environment here over the last few days, which I
have to hand in next week.
have been writing
解析 句意为：过去几天，我一直在写一份关于这里环境的报告，我必须在下周提交这份报告。根据 over the last few days 以及 which I have to hand in next week 可知，此处表示“写作”这一动作从过去一直持续到现在，还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填 have been writing。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这位新老师的教学方式如此幽默，以至于她很受欢迎。（so/such… that）
The new teacher takes _____ ___ __________ teaching method _____ she has won great popularity.
The new teacher takes ____ __________ ___ teaching method _____ she has won great popularity.
such
a
humorous
that
so
humorous
a
that
2.这些建议值得仔细研究。（deserve）
These proposals ________ _________ carefully.
These proposals ________ ___ ____ ________ carefully.
deserve
studying
deserve
to
be
studied
3.昨天晚上，我正在吹干头发时，忽然停电了。（when）
Last night， I _____ _______ my hair ______ the power was cut off.
was
drying
when
4.我早晨碰巧被困在了一场严重的交通拥堵当中。（happen； it作形式主语）
___ _________ ___ ____ that I was stuck in a heavy traffic jam in the morning.
It
happened
to
me
5.近期，据宣布，经常夜跑对身体健康非常有益。（announce）
Recently, ___ ____ ______ __________ that regular night running benefits physical health greatly.
it
has
been
announced
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.For the past two years, Gordon’s students __________________ （study） ways to kill bacteria in zero
gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution.
have been studying
解析 句意为：在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为快要找到解决方案了。根据语境可知，此处表示动作发生在过去并持续到现在，并有可能继续进行下去，故用现在完成进行时；设空处所在分句的主语为复数概念，该分句的谓语应用复数形式。故填have been studying。
2.Don’t disturb me. I _________________ the letters all morning and ____________ ten so far.（write）
have been writing
have written
解析 句意为：不要打扰我。我整个上午都在写这些信，到目前为止已经写了十封信了。根据句意和all morning可知，第一个空表示的动作从过去一直持续到现在，且在这一段时间内动作一直在进行，应用现在完成进行时；根据so far可知，第二个空表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。
3.When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she ______________ （lie） there.
had been lying
解析 句意为：当艾丽斯苏醒过来时，她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。结合语境以及she did not know可知，此处表示lie的动作发生在know的动作之前，且lie的动作一直在进行，应用过去完成进行时。故填had been lying。
4.They _________________ on the programme for almost one week before I joined them, and now we
still ____________ on it as no good results have come out so far.（work）
had been working
are working
解析 句意为：在我加入之前，他们已经做这个项目差不多一个星期了，现在我们还在做，因为到目前为止还没有什么好的结果。分析句子可知，and前后的两个分句都缺少谓语。根据时间状语before I joined them可知，第一个空表示在过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作，用过去完成进行时，故填had been working；第二个空表示现阶段内动作正在进行，用现在进行时，故填are working。
5.Debbie Hart ① ________________ （swim） across the English Channel tomorrow. She is a strong
swimmer and many people feel that she is sure ② ___________ （succeed）.Debbie’s father ③
________ （set） out with her in a small boat. Mr Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow
he ④ ________________ （watch） her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie
intends ⑤ ________ （take） short rests every two hours. She ⑥ __________ （have） something to
drink but she will not eat any solid food. Tomorrow, when Debbie makes every effort to swim to
England, most of Debbie’s school friends ⑦ _______________ （wait） for her on the English coast.
Among them ⑧ ________ （be） Debbie’s mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.
is going to swim
to succeed
will set
will be watching
to take
will have
will be waiting
will be
解析 句意为：黛比·哈特准备明天游泳横渡英吉利海峡。be going to do sth意为“打算做某事”，结合下文语境可知，此处为事先考虑过的意图，强调“有准备；有计划”，故不用will swim。
句意为：她是一个游泳能手，许多人认为她一定能成功。sure to do sth 意为“肯定会发生某事”。
句意为：黛比的父亲将乘一条小船和她一道出发。此处用will do表将来，表示“在将来会做某事”，时间很宽泛,仅是陈述事实。
句意为：明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英格兰。此处表示“女儿游往英格兰时，父亲正在做的事情”，应用将来进行时。
句意为：黛比打算每两小时短暂休息一次。intend to do sth为固定搭配，表示“打算做某事”。
句意为：她会喝点东西,但不吃任何固体食物。根据but she will not可知，设空处应用一般将来时。
句意为：明天，当黛比尽全力游往英格兰时，她的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她。
句意为：他们当中会有黛比的母亲， 她本人还是个小姑娘时， 也曾游泳横渡过英吉利海峡。
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 幽默故事 词数： 208 难度： &1& 建议用时： 7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Life often bears fun and embarrassments, making 1. . charming to taste and explore. Here are
three funny experiences in life.
An art collector spotted a cat 2. . （consume） milk from a saucer in the doorway of a
store while he was walking 3. . （casual） on the road. He realised the saucer was so
4. . （value） an antique that he offered 5. . （pay） a high price to buy the cat,
hoping the owner would give away the saucer as well. Ironically, the owner refused to throw in this
lucky saucer, which had helped him sell 68 cats that week 6. . the same reason.
Sherlock and Watson shared a similar funny experience. One camping night, they woke up with
millions of stars shining in the sky. According to the scientific measurement of time, Watson figured out
the exact time. From the atmosphere, he 7. . （forecast） a bright day the next day.
In the end, he was purely embarrassed to be told that their tent had been stolen.
The same 8. . （embarrass） also happened to a middle-aged man who
9. . （suffer） depression for several months. He saw a doctor. After an examination,
he was told everything was right and that 10. . he needed was only a real laugh. The doctor
recommended an amazing clown—Grock, and he replied sadly, “I am Grock.”
it
consuming
casually
valuable
to pay
for
forecast/forecasted
embarrassment
had been suffering
what
1.___
it
解析 设空处应用代词作making的宾语，指代上文提及的名词Life。
2.___________
consuming
解析 spot sb/sth doing sth为固定搭配，意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”。此处表示看见猫正在喝牛奶，故填现在分词形式consuming。
3.________
casually
解析 设空处修饰从句谓语，应用副词形式，在从句中作状语。
4._________
valuable
解析 此处为“so+adj.+a/an+n.+that…”结构,意为“如此……以至于……”，故填形容词形式。
5._______
to pay
解析 offer to do sth为固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”。
6.____
for
解析 此处表示“出于同样的原因”，应用介词for。
7._________________
forecast/forecasted
解析 根据上下文时态提示，设空处时态为一般过去时，forecast的过去式与原形相同或在单词词尾加-ed。
8.______________
embarrassment
解析 设空处作主语，应用名词形式。
9.__________________
had been suffering
解析 who引导定语从句，设空处为从句的谓语。根据语境和时间状语for several months可知，该动作发生于过去，且至过去的某一时间点已经持续了几个月的时间，故应用过去完成进行时。
10.______
what
解析 设空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作宾语，表示“……的东西”，需要使用引导词what。
A[甘肃天水一中2023高二月考]
体裁：记叙文 题材： 个人经历 词数： 344 难度： &2& 建议用时： 7分钟
When I was a teenager, I knew nothing about mental health. If you talked about “safe spaces”, I’d think that you meant a bank.What’s more, I didn’t care about mental health. Why would I As Dad used to say, “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it!”
But unfortunately my mental health did “break”. I was diagnosed （诊断） a seriously clinical anorexic （厌食者） at age 23. I had immediate treatment in hospital, which lasted two and a half years. People always wonder what helped me recover and the key was simple: comedy.
I’m a professional stand-up comic. Comedy began as my hobby and has progressed into a job. The word “comedy” is believed to come from the Ancient Greek “kōmos” meaning “to reveal”. The comedy’s job is to reveal, explain and understand things. This was something I turned to when I was in recovery from anorexia.I’d never been able to explain what was going on inside my head; trying to explain what’s going on in your mind is like trying to explain a colour to someone who’s blind. So humour became a way of understanding things and then a way of explaining them.
Dr Dieter Declercq, Lecturer in Film and Media Studies at the University of Kent, believes “humour can change our opinions on a difficult situation”. However, he adds carefully that “We should avoid judgements like ‘All humour is good for you’”. In his new book Satire, Comedy and Mental Health, he looks at how comedy helps to sustain good mental health. Enjoyed with others, . .it is important for good mental health and recovery.
Stand-up comedy was important for my recovery. I know I’m not alone in that. So I want to pay that forward and show other people your mental health doesn’t have to be “broke” before you can “fix it”.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在青少年时期不在乎心理健康，当自己被诊断出有严重的厌食症之后，通过喜剧从疾病中恢复，并呼吁大家重视心理健康的故事。
1.How did the author treat the issue of mental health as a teenager ( )
D
A.She took it seriously. B.She was confident of it.
C.She hated talking about it. D.She paid no attention to it.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的When I was a teenager, I knew nothing about mental health.以及What's more, I didn't care about mental health.可知，作者在青少年时期对心理健康一无所知，并且毫不在乎。
2.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3 ( )
A
A.Explain how comedy helps. B.Share what she went through.
C.State where comedy comes from. D.Show why comedy is a common hobby.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，作者讲述了在从厌食症恢复的过程中，喜剧所产生的幽默可以帮助她理解周围的事物，并成为解释事物的一种方式。由此推知，本段主要介绍了喜剧是如何帮助作者走出厌食症的。
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to ( )
B
A.A film. B.Comedy. C.A difficult situation. D.The new book.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的he looks at how comedy helps to sustain good mental health可知，德克莱尔博士探讨了喜剧如何有助于保持良好的心理健康。再结合it is important for good mental health and recovery可知，德克莱尔博士认为喜剧对良好的心理健康和恢复很重要。由此推知，画线词it指代上文出现的comedy（喜剧）。
4.In which section of a magazine may this text probably appear ( )
A
A.Health & Life. B.Man & Nature. C.Science & Technology. D.Society & Opinion.
解析 推理判断题。本文作者以亲身经历介绍了喜剧对于心理健康的积极作用。由此推知，本文应该选自于杂志的健康与生活版块。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.reveal vt.揭示；透露；展现
2. sustain vt.保持；维持；使持续
B[河南南阳2023高二期中]
体裁： 说明文 题材： 科技发展 词数： 363 难度： &3& 建议用时： 8分钟
Robots are famously cold, hard and unfeeling, so they may not be the greatest audience for your favourite knock-knock joke. However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence （AI）.
The researchers created an android, named “Erica”, which they trained to detect laughter in conversation, then decide whether to laugh in response and what kind of laughter would be the best. Her conversations and chuckles （轻笑声） were then watched by volunteers, who decided whether her responses demonstrated empathy （共鸣） and human-likeness.
Lead author Dr Koji Inoue, from Kyoto University, said, “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy. Conversation is, of course, multimodal, not just responding correctly. So we decided that one way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter, which you cannot do with a text-based chatbot （聊天机器人）.”
The aim of the research was to develop AI that can understand slight differences in humour. While it would be possible to train an algorithm （计算程序） to recognise laughter, or read a joke, these abilities would not enable it to copy natural conversation.
The researchers first developed a “shared-laughter” model for Erica to run, which would allow her to respond to human laughter as an empathetic response. This model asks three questions in order for the robot to appropriately respond to a conversational cue. First is “Did the user laugh ”, then “Will Erica laugh in response ” and finally, if she responds yes to both, “Which type of laughter is proper ”. The types of laughter Erica would choose from are a “social laugh”, a polite chuckle to fill conversation when humour is not involved, or a “mirthful laugh” for funny situations.
To teach the AI to use the shared-laughter model effectively, the researchers gathered data by sending the robot to speed dating. Erica, who was remotely operated by four female actors, had over 80 dialogues with male university students. The laughter that appeared during the conversations was then classified into solo, social or mirthful laughter. This was then used to train Erica’s neural network in how to decide when it is appropriate to laugh, and which type of laughter to use.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本科学家通过人工智能教机器人什么时候笑以及如何笑。
1.What did the scientists in Japan exactly want to do in this research ( )
C
A.To change the robot’s reputation. B.To use artificial intelligence.
C.To teach the robot when and how to laugh. D.To create a new android.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence （AI）.可知，在这项研究中，日本科学家想教机器人何时笑以及如何笑。故选C项。
2.What can be learnt according to Dr Koji’s words ( )
B
A.Empathy is the most important function of conversational AI.
B.Sharing their laughter can make a robot empathise with users.
C.Being multimodal is one of the characteristics of conversation.
D.Conversation only needs to respond correctly.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中井上浩二博士的话So we decided that one way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter可知，分享笑声可以让机器人与用户产生共鸣。故选B项。
3.Which statement will the author probably agree with ( )
D
A.A text-based chatbot can have sympathy for others.
B.An algorithm can not recognise laughter or read a joke.
C.Erica can learn to laugh from three questions.
D.The actors and students can give examples of when and how to laugh.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，被四位女演员远程操控的机器人“埃丽卡”和男性大学生有80多次谈话。谈话中的笑声被用来训练“埃丽卡”的神经网络决定何时恰当去笑以及应该用哪种笑声，所以，作者会同意“演员和学生可以给出何时去笑以及如何笑的例子”这一种说法。故选D项。
4.Which can be the best title for the text ( )
A
A.Scientists Try to Teach a Robot When It Is Appropriate to Laugh
B.Robots Know How to Laugh After Learning and Training
C.A New Trend Is Coming as Artificial Intelligence Learns to Laugh
D.Researchers Try to Teach a Robot How to Make a Conversation
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence（AI）.可知，本文介绍了日本科学家通过人工智能教机器人什么时候笑以及如何笑，所以A项（科学家试图教机器人什么时候适合笑）是文章最佳标题。故选A项。
体裁： 说明文 题材： 介绍说明 词数： 283 难度： &4& 建议用时： 8分钟
The Best Medicine: Laughter
Laughter is the best medicine. It helps solve problems, improve relationships, and support both
physical and emotional health. 1. . Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of
your life.
Laugh at yourself. This is one of the biggest differences between happy people and unhappy people.
It communicates to both you and the people around you that it’s no big deal. So be brave enough to
share your embarrassing moments. 2. . When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous
story that will make you and others laugh.
Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up. Put up a funny poster in your office. Keep
a toy on your desk or in your car. 3. . Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun.
All of these are good resources of laughter.
E
F
C
4. . Even if you don’t consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who
are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh. These are people who find humour in everyday events.
Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious （富于感染力的）. When you are around them,
you’ll be more likely to laugh too.
Don’t spend a day without laughing. Set aside 10 minutes each day to do something that amuses
you. You can watch some humorous videos or look at some funny photos online. 5. . Try thinking
back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched.
As long as you have a joyful heart and purposely make time to laugh, you’ll be amazed at how
differently you will begin to view your job, your family, your relationships and yourself.
B
D
A.Try to be a light-hearted person.
B.Spend time with funny people.
C.Choose a computer screensaver that makes you laugh.
D.If you can’t find any humour at hand, recall something funny.
E.But not everyone is good at laughing genuinely and accurately.
F.Attempt to laugh at your awkward situations rather than regret them.
G.Go to a humorous play or see a film that can make you burst out laughing.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。笑是最好的药，它有助于解决问题、改善关系、使人们保持身心健康。但不是每个人都擅长真实准确地笑，所以文章就如何让欢笑成为生活的一部分提出了一些建议。
1.___
E
解析 根据空后的Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life.可知，虽然笑很有帮助，但是并不是每个人都擅长笑，所以本文就如何让欢笑成为生活中的一部分提出了一些建议。故E项（但并不是每个人都擅长真实准确地笑）符合语境。
2.___
F
解析 根据空后的When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh.可知，当消极的事情发生时，试着把它变成一个幽默的故事，让你和其他人都笑起来。由此可知，设空处应建议把消极尴尬的事情拿来自嘲。F项中的awkward和空前的embarrassing相呼应，故F项（试着对自己的尴尬处境进行自嘲，而不是为之遗憾）符合语境。
【方法总结】利用词汇复现解答7选5
词汇复现是指原词、同义词、近义词、反义词等在上下文中重复出现，可以将这类词作为解题的线索，得出正确答案。比如本题选项中的awkward即embarrassing的近义词。但是要注意：不能只看复现词，还要看单词所在的语境，并分析句子间的逻辑关系。
3.___
C
解析 本段中心句为Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up.，即用一些好笑的东西来提醒自己放松。根据上文中的Put up a funny poster in your office.Keep a toy on your desk or in your car.及下文中的Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun.可知，此处在列举一些可以带来欢笑的事物。故C项（选择一个能让你笑的电脑屏幕保护程序）符合语境，与本段首句中的reminders相呼应。
4.___
B
解析 设空处是本段中心句。根据下文中的Even if you don't consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh.These are people who find humour in everyday events.Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious.可推知，本段主要讲述那些有趣的人有感染力，所以当你在他们身边的时候，你也更有可能笑。因此B项（花时间和有趣的人在一起）符合语境。
5.___
D
解析 根据空后的Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched.可知,本句是在说明可以通过回忆一些有趣的事情，来让自己笑，空后的thinking back和D项中的recall相呼应。故D项（如果你眼前找不到什么有趣的东西，就回忆有趣的事情）符合语境。
02
Lesson 2 Why Do We Need Humour
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.A deep breath on stage may help a lot to ease ________ （tense）.
tension
解析 句意为：在舞台上深呼吸非常有助于缓解紧张情绪。设空处作ease的宾语，应用名词形式。
2.It has been confirmed that laughter brings great physical and _____________ （psychology） benefits
to our bodies.
psychological
解析 句意为：经证实，笑对我们的身心健康有很大的益处。设空处修饰名词benefits，应用形容词作定语。
3.One day, he ___________ （accidental） noticed that the desk clock didn’t work any more.
accidentally
解析 句意为：一天，他偶然注意到座钟不再走了。设空处修饰动词noticed，应用副词作状语。
4.Much to my ______________ （embarrass）, I slipped on the icy road in public.
embarrassment
解析 句意为：令我非常尴尬的是，众目睽睽之下我在结冰的路上滑倒了。根据设空处前面的形容词性物主代词my可知，设空处需要填名词形式。much to one's embarrassment为固定搭配，意为“令某人很尴尬的是”。
5.The doctors and nurses have made great achievements in fighting the epidemic ___ the expense of
sacrificing their personal health.
at
解析 句意为：医护人员以牺牲自己的个人健康为代价取得了抗疫的重大成就。at the expense of… 为固定搭配，意为“以……为代价”。
6.Have you ever woken up at midnight in ___ bad mood owing to a nightmare
a
解析 句意为：你是否曾因噩梦而心情不好地在半夜醒来？in a bad mood为固定搭配，意为“心情不好”。
7.The students who had finished the long-time study ______________ （energise） the moment they
heard the relaxing music.
were energised
解析 句意为：结束了长时间学习的学生们一听到令人放松的音乐，劳累便一扫而光。根据时间状语从句的谓语动词heard可知，设空处需使用一般过去时。The students与energise之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。The students为复数概念，谓语应用复数形式。
8.The two girls have been whispering for a long time without noticing the sign _______ （say）
“Please Be Quiet”.
saying
解析 句意为：这两个女生交头接耳很长时间了，她们并未注意到“请保持安静”这个标牌。设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词sign，say和sign之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用现在分词形式。
9.The young man tends to express negative feelings in the face of frustrations, _______ makes his
friends down as well.
which
解析 句意为：这个年轻人面对令人沮丧的事情时往往表露出负面情绪，这使他的朋友也情绪低落。______ makes his friends down as well修饰前面的句子，为非限制性定语从句，设空处为关系词，指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，故填which。
10.It turned out _____ years of jogging had a far-reaching influence on his fitness.
that
解析 句意为：事实证明，多年的慢跑对他的健康有深远的影响。It turns out that… 意为“结果是/证明是……”。
体裁： 说明文 题材： 介绍说明 词数： 184 难度： &5& 建议用时： 7分钟
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever wondered how many calories there are in the human body Or ever wondered why old people
have 1. . （big） ears than they used to The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes （搞笑诺贝尔奖）
have got the answers.
The Ig Nobel Prizes, 2. . （found） in 1991, are to honour achievements 3. . first
make people laugh, and then make them think. The ceremony 4. . （take） place at Harvard
University every year.Winners’ acceptance 5. . （speech） are limited to 60 seconds, 6. .
（strict） monitored by an eight-year-old girl.
bigger
founded
that/which
takes
speeches
strictly
The honoured research might seem ridiculous 7. . first sight, but that doesn’t mean it lacks
scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than
two pieces when it is bent was important for 8. . （control） fractures, which could have
applications in everything from the design of highways and bridges to the engineering of nanotubes. And
a follow-up paper 9. . （publish） by MIT physicists several years later. But people are
more likely to read about the broken spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no
immediate usefulness, 10. . is still good to encourage people to observe and think.
at
controlling
was published
it
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了搞笑诺贝尔奖。搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值，作者就此进行举例说明。
1._______
bigger
解析 根据设空处后的than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级。故填bigger。
2.________
founded
解析 分析句子结构可知，主句中已有系动词are，且设空处前后无连词连接，因此found应用非谓语动词形式；found与The Ig Nobel Prizes之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填founded。
3.__________
that/which
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词achievements指物，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
4.______
takes
解析 设空处在句中作谓语。由every year可知，此处介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时；主语The ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。
5._________
speeches
解析 speech为可数名词,根据设空处后的are可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填speeches。
6._______
strictly
解析 设空处修饰过去分词monitored，应用副词形式。故填strictly。
7.___
at
解析 at first sight为固定短语，意为“乍一看；初看时”。故填at。
8.___________
controlling
解析 句意为：比如，2006年那项关于为什么干的意大利细面条往往会在弯曲时断裂成多于两截的研究对裂缝控制很重要，该研究（结果）可应用于从公路和桥梁设计到纳米管工程的各个领域。______ fractures在句中作介词for的宾语，设空处应用动词的动名词形式。故填controlling。
9.______________
was published
解析 根据时间状语several years later可知，事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时；publish和主语a follow-up paper之间是被动关系,应用被动语态；a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填was published。
10.___
it
解析 句意为：即使没有直接的用处,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。Even when there is no immediate usefulness为时间状语从句，在后面的主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,因此应用it作形式主语。故填it。
A
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 个人经历 词数： 322 难度： &6& 建议用时： 7分钟
In our daily lives, we probably make silly mistakes. While these moments can be worrying, they can be handled with humour. When we have a laugh at our mistakes, we can calm ourselves down with understanding and acceptance.
One morning in a rush to school, I spilt （使洒出） my cup of orange juice. I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor. I raced back and forth to the sink （洗碗槽） with a kitchen cloth soaked （浸透）with juice to wash it off. My legs were shaking as I watched from my window the school bus coming to my street. Within a minute, I had thrown the juice-soaked cloth to the sink and ran outside to join the group of kids in entering the bus. When thinking about my morning rush to clean up the spilt juice on the floor, I realised how much unnecessary stress and worry I put myself through. I ended up smiling to myself about my minor nervousness about the spilt juice.
These days I don’t usually spill orange juice, but I do sometimes spill a bit of spaghetti sauce on my pants or put on my sweater backwards when I’m really tired and in a hurry for school. In each of my mistakes, I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously. It takes me a minute to calm down, take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness. It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humour in everyday moments.
Humour, however, doesn’t always have to arise from silly mistakes. Kids may have a good laugh at comic books, classic jokes and stories told by friends and parents. What matters more is not where you find humour in life, but that you can appreciate it.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。在生活中，我们总是会犯这样或那样的错误，我们应该怎么对待这种情况呢 作者结合个人的经历告诉我们，幽默可以使我们正确对待错误并使自己保持快乐。
1.When we make mistakes in our daily lives, what are we supposed to do ( )
A
A.Treat them properly. B.Try to enjoy ourselves.
C.Know the value of them. D.Forget them in time.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，当我们犯错时，我们可以幽默地处理这些错误，用理解和接受让自己冷静下来。因此，我们应该正确地对待和处理自己所犯的错误。
2.What did the author do before going to school in Paragraph 2 ( )
D
A.He prepared breakfast busily. B.He had some clothes washed.
C.He made a cup of orange juice. D.He did some cleaning at home.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor.及I had thrown the juice-soaked cloth… 可知，在上学之前作者擦了地板。
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3 about the author ( )
B
A.He makes many mistakes now and then. B.He tries to keep himself calm with humour.
C.He has been used to being busy every day. D.He always makes the people around him happy.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的In each of my mistakes… It takes me a minute to calm down… smile at my carelessness.可知，当作者犯错时，他经常用幽默安慰自己,提醒自己不要太当回事，以此让自己冷静下来。
4.What does the author intend to tell us ( )
B
A.We should try to find where humour lies. B.We can be happy by enjoying humour.
C.It is natural for us to make mistakes. D.Laughing is a good habit for every person.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的What matters more is not where you find humour in life, but that you can appreciate it.可知，作者认为更重要的不是在哪发现生活中的幽默，而是我们能欣赏幽默。B项（通过享受幽默，我们能获得快乐）符合文章主旨。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.calm sb down 使某人平静下来
2.put sb through sth使某人遭受某事
3.take sb/sth seriously 认真对待某人/某事
4.arise vi.出现；发生；产生
B
体裁： 说明文 题材： 介绍说明 词数： 345 难度： &7& 建议用时： 8分钟
Shakespeare has rightly said, “A light heart lives long.” There is no greater thing than cheerfulness in daily life and our cheer can be expressed through a smile or a laugh. The saying “Laughter is the best medicine” has deep meanings. Many scientists have stressed the importance of laughter, which can lead to a healthy life.
In ancient times, most emperors and kings had a clown to make them laugh. This improved the atmosphere and helped people to come closer. Almost every comedy has a character to make people laugh. Funny TV plays use recorded sounds of laughter at the proper place.
It is a well-known fact that health and cheerfulness influence each other. Doctors and psychologists all agree that patients can actually benefit from laughter. Those who see the bright side of life and remain happy are unlikely to go down with stress-related diseases.
A good laugh is also a useful tool in the workplace. Nervousness is unavoidable in business, but humour is an unexpected surprise that can help people better deal with the nervousness. Researchers have found that the more stress people are under, the more they are ready to laugh. A good laugh is looked upon as an encouraging tool. After laughing, you can begin a new thought process; it helps to set the mind in a different way.
Many cities in India have laughter clubs where people get together in the morning for laughing. There are over 200 such clubs in India, which were started in Mumbai. All kinds of fitness exercise, along with laughter skills, are combined into the programme. This has become known as the laughter treatment. Until now, many sick people have benefited from it.
Making people laugh is an art and can be cultivated . Collect jokes, funny stories and humorous sayings and use them properly. Build a humour collection—buy books by P.G. Wodehouse or anyone else who makes you keep laughing. Watch comedy plays when you are down in life.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了笑的作用，如调节氛围、缓解人们的紧张、激发人们的创造性思维、帮助人们恢复健康等，说明了笑的重要性。
1.How does a good laugh help people in the workplace ( )
B
A.It keeps people healthy. B.It helps people have creative ideas.
C.It helps people make more money. D.It frees people from their worries.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的After laughing, you can begin a new thought process; it helps to set the mind in a different way.可知，开怀大笑后，你可以开始一个新的思考过程；它有助于人们以一种不同的方式思考。由此推知，笑可以帮助人们产生创造性的想法。故选B项。
2.What can laughter clubs do for people ( )
C
A.They can make people confident.
B.They can offer people suitable jobs.
C.They can help people recover from illness.
D.They can provide opportunities for people to make friends.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的This has become known as the laughter treatment.Until now, many sick people have benefited from it.可知，到目前为止，许多病人已经从“大笑疗法”中受益。由此可知，欢笑俱乐部能帮助人们恢复健康。故选C项。
3.What does the underlined word “cultivated” in the last paragraph probably mean ( )
A
A.Developed. B.Enjoyed. C.Realised. D.Taught.
解析 词义猜测题。最后一段介绍了一些让自己大笑的方法，比如收集笑话、趣闻轶事和幽默谚语，购买让你不断大笑的书，看喜剧等，所以画线词所在句的意思是：让人们笑是一种艺术，它是可以培养的。由此可知，画线词的意思为“培养”。故选A项。
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text ( )
B
A.To state laughter leads to health. B.To show the importance of laughter.
C.To prove laughter helps us work better. D.To introduce some ways to make us laugh.
解析 推理判断题。文章介绍了笑的作用，例如：调节氛围、缓解人们的紧张、激发人们的创造性思维、帮助人们恢复健康等。由此推知，这篇文章是为了说明笑的重要性。故选B项。
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物故事 词数： 279 难度： &8& 建议用时： 13分钟
About the year 1900, a small boy was often seen waiting outside the back entrances of theatres in London. His name was Charlie Chaplin. He looked thin and hungry. He was hoping to get work in show business.
When Chaplin couldn’t get . .1. ., he wandered about the city . .2. .. He found food and shelter （栖身之处） . .3. . he could. Sometimes he was sent away to a home for children who had no parents. He was cold and miserable there and the children were beaten for the . .4. . fault.
By the time he was thirty, Chaplin had been the greatest, best-known and best-loved . .5. . in the world.Chaplin’s films have . .6. . a large audience in various countries. Anyone who visited the cinema . .7. . must have seen some of Charlie Chaplin’s funny films. People everywhere who have seen them would . .8. . until tears run down their faces. Even people who don’t understand English can enjoy Chaplin’s films because they are mostly . .9. .. It isn’t what he says that makes people laugh. It depends upon little . .10. . that mean the same thing to people all over the world.
Having lived in America for 40 years, Chaplin . .11. . to Switzerland. There he died on Christmas Day of 1977. He once described himself . .12. . a citizen of the world, rather than of any . .13. . country.
He once wrote, “You have to believe in yourself.That’s the . .14. . of success. Even when I was in the children’s home, when I was wandering about the streets trying to find enough food to . .15. . to keep alive, I still thought of myself as the greatest actor in the world.”
【语篇导读】本文以时间为线索，讲述了喜剧大师卓别林从历经艰辛的少年成长为一代喜剧领袖的传奇人生，并指出卓别林成功的关键就是“燕雀亦有鸿鹄之志”。
1.( )A.tickets B.support C.work D.tasks
C
解析 根据上文中的He was hoping to get work in show business.可知，他希望在娱乐界工作，所以当没有工作的时候，他只能四处游荡。故选C项。
2.( )A.shops B.streets C.factories D.homes
B
解析 根据最后一段中的when I was wandering about the streets可知，他是在街上四处游荡，故选B项。
3.( )A.whenever B.however C.whatever D.wherever
D
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示“他在他能找到的任何地方寻找食物和栖身之处”，所以答案为D项。
4.( )A.most B.fewest C.least D.slightest
D
解析 根据上文中的cold and miserable（寒冷且痛苦的）可知，孤儿所的条件不好。所以此处应该是说孩子们会因为最轻微的（slightest）错误而被打。
5.( )A.comedian B.tragedian C.singer D.artist
A
解析 句意为：到30岁时，卓别林已经成为世界上最伟大、最知名并最受喜爱的喜剧演员。根据常识及下文中的funny films可知，卓别林是一名喜剧演员（comedian）。
6.( )A.attacked B.attracted C.paid D.enjoyed
B
解析 设空处前说卓别林是深受人们喜爱的喜剧演员，由此可知，他的电影吸引了（attracted）很多观众。
7.( )A.daily B.regularly C.rarely D.occasionally
B
解析 句意为：任何经常看电影的人都一定看过查理·卓别林的某些喜剧电影。根据设空处后的must have seen some of Charlie Chaplin's funny films可推断，经常看电影的人会说他们一定看过卓别林的作品。regularly意为“经常”，符合语境。
8.( )A.cry B.complain C.laugh D.satisfy
C
解析 根据上文中的funny films可知，此处是说任何地方看过卓别林电影的人都会笑到流眼泪。故C项符合语境。
9.( )A.silent B.noisy C.quiet D.still
A
解析 句意为：甚至不懂英语的人也可以欣赏卓别林的电影，因为它们绝大多数是默片。根据常识及下文中的It isn't what he says that makes people laugh.可知,卓别林的电影大多是没有台词的默片。silent 意为“沉默的；无声的”；quiet意为“安静的；寂静的”。比较而言，silent 更符合语境。
10.( )A.sounds B.language C.activities D.actions
D
解析 由上一句It isn't what he says that makes people laugh.及常识可知，卓别林是靠一些小的动作（actions）来逗人们发笑的。
11.( )A.arrived B.reached C.moved D.got
C
解析 根据空前的Having lived in America for 40 years和空后的There he died on Christmas Day of 1977.可知，他在美国生活了四十年，后来去了瑞士，在那里度过了晚年。由此可知，他是迁居（moved）到了瑞士。
12.( )A.as B.for C.into D.with
A
解析 describe… as… 意为“把……描述成……”，为固定搭配。
13.( )A.other B.particular C.special D.more
B
解析 句意为：他曾把自己描述成是世界的公民，而不是哪一个特定国家的公民。根据设空处前的rather than可知，他不认为自己是某一个“特定”国家的公民。particular意为“特定的”,符合语境。
14.( )A.truth B.fact C.reason D.secret
D
解析 根据语境可知，卓别林认为相信自己是成功的秘诀（secret）。
15.( )A.eat B.sleep C.hide D.drink
A
解析 该句是卓别林对过去苦难的回忆，照应全文第二段。本句句意为：即使当我在孤儿所的时候，当我在街上游荡，为了活下来而努力寻找足够吃的食物的时候，我依旧把自己视为全世界最伟大的演员。故选A项。
03
Lesson 3 My Favourite Comedian
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The audience has taken great pleasure in the brilliant performance of the ______________ （comedy）.
comedian（s）
解析 句意为：观众从这位/些喜剧演员的卓越表演中获得了很大的快乐。根据句意和设空处前面的提示词the可知，设空处应填写表示职业的名词，comedian意为“喜剧演员”，为可数名词。
2.The kids burst into laughter on seeing that _________ （amuse） episode of the cartoon series.
amusing
解析 句意为：一看到这集好笑的系列动画片，孩子们就放声大笑起来。设空处后面为名词，故应使用形容词作定语，修饰名词。此处意为“逗人笑的；好笑的”，表示事物的属性，故填amusing。
3.He is ___________ （universal） recognised as the most distinguished expert in electrical engineering.
universally
解析 句意为：他被公认为是电气工程领域最卓越的专家。根据句意和分析句子成分可知，设空处应用副词作状语。
4.The young man made a joke _______ （pure） to amuse us and meant no harm at all.
purely
解析 句意为：这个年轻人纯粹就是开个玩笑来逗我们，并无任何恶意。根据句意和分析句子成分可知，设空处应用副词作状语。
5.The ________ （create） of a cost-effective and energy-saving system is in urgent need.
creation
解析 句意为：创建一个有成本效益的节能系统迫在眉睫。根据设空处前面的定冠词The和后面的介词of可知，设空处应用名词形式作主语。
6.The mother is staring at the coming school bus _____ great concern.
with
解析 句意为：这位母亲正在焦急地盯着驶来的校车。此处考查介词with的用法，表示具有某种情绪。
7.All the candidates shall remain _______ （seat） until the papers have been collected.
seated
解析 句意为：所有的考生应坐好不动，直到所有试卷收完。此处表示主语保持的状态，应用形容词seated，意为“坐下来的”。
8.What bad luck! I have kept ____________ （encounter） the similar awkward situation these days.
encountering
解析 句意为：太倒霉了！我这几天老是遭遇相似的尴尬情况。动词keep后需要使用动名词形式作宾语。keep doing sth意为“重复做某事”。
9.He behaved as if nothing _____________ （happen）.
had happened
解析 句意为：他表现得好像什么都没有发生一样。结合语境可知，此处as if后的从句应用虚拟语气，此处为对过去动作的虚拟，故用过去完成时。
10.We are informed our tasks are critical to the programme and _____ we must hand them in on time.
that
解析 句意为：我们接到通知，我们的工作对该计划至关重要，并且我们必须按时提交。句中出现由and连接的两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。分析句子成分可知，第二个宾语从句中不缺少成分，语义完整，故设空处应填引导词that。
根据提示补全句子。
1.我们公司因对慈善工作的突出贡献而拥有良好的声誉。（reputation）
Our company __________ ___ ______ __________ ____ its outstanding contribution to charity work.
has/enjoys
a
good
reputation
for
2.我曾尝试向学校申请奖学金，但是没收到任何回应。（名词attempt）
I ______ ____ ________ to apply to our school for a scholarship but received no response.
made
an
attempt
3.没有明确的计划，我们总是忙于做许多不重要的事情。（busy）
Without a clear plan, we ____ _______ ______ _______ doing a lot of unimportant things.
are
always
busy
in/with
解析 或always busy ourselves in/with
4.这位年轻的钢琴家在很小的时候就显示出了音乐天赋。（talent）
This young pianist ________ ___ ______ ____ music at an early age.
showed
a
talent
for
5.你放心好了，父母在任何情况下都会支持你。（rely）
You can _____ ________ ___ _____ parents will be in support of you under any circumstances.
rely
on/upon
it
that
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The steward was surprised to find his room ___________ （thorough） cleaned and everything
arranged in a perfect order.
thoroughly
解析 句意为：乘务员惊讶地发现自己的房间被彻底打扫干净了，一切都安排得井井有条。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰过去分词cleaned，应用副词。故填thoroughly。
2.You’d need an __________ （extreme） powerful microscope to see something so small.
extremely
解析 句意为：你需要一台高倍显微镜才能看到这么小的东西。设空处修饰形容词powerful，应用副词。故填extremely。
3.You may be physically and _________ （mental） exhausted after a long flight.
mentally
解析 句意为：长途飞行后，你可能会身心俱疲。设空处和physically并列，修饰形容词exhausted，作状语，意为“精神上”，应用副词。故填mentally。
4.However, to succeed in life, one should set a goal and then _________ （gradual） make it more
practical.
gradually
解析 句意为：然而，要想在生活中取得成功，人们应该设定一个目标，然后逐渐使其更切实可行。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填gradually。
5.The length, width, and height of the box are 8 cm, 6 cm and 4 cm ___________ （respective）.
respectively
解析 句意为：箱子的长、宽、高分别为8厘米、6厘米、4厘米。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填respectively。
6.He has been abandoning himself to reading a variety of books in his spare time since childhood.
_____________ （consequent）, he is a popular writer now.
Consequently
解析 句意为：他从小就喜欢在业余时间阅读各种各样的书籍。因此，他现在成了一位受欢迎的作家。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填Consequently。
7._______ （rare） have we encountered a great genius with so many talents.
Rarely
解析 句意为：我们很少遇到一个拥有如此多天赋的优秀天才。设空处修饰have encountered，为频度副词，意为“很少；异乎寻常地”。注意表示否定意义的副词或介词短语位于句首，句子进行部分倒装。故填Rarely。
8.[浙江2023年1月] The term “hutong”, __________ （original） meaning “water well” in Mongolian,
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
originally
解析 句意为：“胡同”这个词起初在蒙古语中意为“水井”，首次出现在元朝。设空处修饰现在分词meaning，在句中作状语，应用副词。故填originally。
9.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021] The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the
climb. It will ____________ （undoubted） help you get refreshed!
undoubtedly
解析 句意为：山脚下的温泉是你攀登后必须尝试的东西，它毫无疑问会帮助你恢复精神。设空处修饰动词help，作状语，应用副词形式。故填undoubtedly，意为“毫无疑问地”。
10.The ______________ （careful） you listen to the tape, the ______ （easy） you will find it to
understand.
more carefully
easier
解析 句意为：你听磁带越仔细，你就越容易理解它。此处为固定表达“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”，表示“越……，也就越……”，第一空修饰动词短语listen to，应用副词比较级。故第一空填more carefully，第二空填easier。
体裁： 说明文 题材： 人物介绍 词数： 190 难度： &9& 建议用时： 7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr Bean, a classic character in comedies, 1. . （recognise） for meeting endless
ridiculous situations in his daily life. In one of the most popular episodes, Mr Bean comes to a fancy
restaurant in celebration of his birthday, only to find that the only dish 2. . he can afford is one
named “steak tartare”, which is actually a raw hamburger. The moment the dish is served, he attempts
to chew it. 3. . , he finds it is too disgusting to swallow, and he has no alternative but
4. . （hide） his real feelings. During all the dinner time, he occupies 5. . （he） in
hiding the raw meat, and even 6. . （throw） some down the trousers of the restaurant’s violinist.
What a funny but 7. . （embarrass） birthday!
Contrary to Mr Bean, Rowan Atkinson, who played the role of Mr Bean, lived a normal life. Born
into an ordinary family, he was treated in such a strict manner 8. . he stood out well in his study
and even attained his degree at Oxford. Besides, he was 9. . （convince） he would be a
successful actor with his talent for acting. Years later, it is obvious that his hard work has paid 10. .
in the end.
is recognised
that
However
to hide
himself
throws
embarrassing
that
convinced
off
1._____________
is recognised
解析 分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语。根据语境和上下文时态可知，设空处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时;Mr Bean与recognise之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为第三人称单数，谓语应用单数形式。
2._____
that
解析 设空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，先行词被the only修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。
3._________
However
解析 根据语境可知，空前表示“他试图去咀嚼这道菜”，空后表示“难以下咽”，前后为转折关系，再根据空后的逗号可知，此处应填副词However。
4.________
to hide
解析 have no alternative but to do… 为固定表达，意为“别无选择不得不做……”，故此处应填不定式to hide。
5.________
himself
解析 根据语境和分析句子成分可知，occupies后缺少宾语，且句子主语和宾语同指一人，故设空处使用对应的反身代词作宾语；occupy oneself in doing sth意为“忙于做某事”。
6._______
throws
解析 设空处与occupies并列作谓语，应用一般现在时，且用第三人称单数形式。
7.____________
embarrassing
解析 设空处与funny并列作定语，修饰birthday，应用-ing形式的形容词，表示“令人尴尬的”。故填embarrassing。
8._____
that
解析 根据空前的such可知，设空处应填that。such… that… 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
9.__________
convinced
解析 设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词；be convinced （that）… 为固定用法，意为“确信……”。
10.____
off
解析 pay off 为固定搭配，意为“取得成功；奏效”。
A[吉林“BEST合作体”2022高二期末]
体裁： 记叙文 题材： 人物介绍 词数： 319 难度： &10& 建议用时： 8分钟
Rowan Atkinson was born in a middle-class family. He had a speaking disability right from his childhood. This gave him a tough time in his childhood and at the start of his career. He was constantly bullied and laughed at because of his look and his speaking disability. This made him very shy and quiet. He didn’t have a lot of friends and the several rejections left him feeling lonely. Rowan was very much interested in science. And he decided to pursue a career in this field.
After he completed his master’s degree, he realised acting was something he really wanted to pursue. He auditioned for several TV shows but faced back-to-back rejections, because he didn’t have a good face and grand body in addition to his stammering （口吃的） problem as well. Rowan kept his passion alive and worked hard towards reaching his dreams. He aimed at making people laugh and with persistent efforts over the years he has successfully established this.
After the several rejections he started creating original comedy sketches. Interestingly he realised that whenever he played some characters, he spoke fluently. He used it as an inspiration for his acting. This is exactly where Rowan’s life changed.
Rowan continued pursuing his dreams, despite all the hardships and rejections he had faced because of his look and disorder. He had a major breakthrough when he started his own show Mr.Bean. Mr. Bean was a “strange, surreal and non-speaking character”. He proved that even without a Hollywood face or a heroic body, you can become one of the most loved and respected actors in the world.
Life always rewards those who are willing to keep moving forward. Rowan teaches us that for success all you really need is hard work. Never let your fears and disabilities stop your life. Walk past these and make yourself better. Your hard work and efforts are sure to pay off one day.
【语篇导读】文章主要讲述了喜剧演员罗温·艾金森从小患有语言障碍，但凭借着意志力和个人努力，他最终实现了自己的表演梦想。
1.What can we know about Rowan when he was young ( )
B
A.He liked bullying his classmates. B.He had a few friends and felt lonely.
C.He showed little interest in science. D.He recovered from his speaking disability.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段关键句He had a speaking disability right from his childhood.和He didn't have a lot of friends and the several rejections left him feeling lonely.可知，因为罗温从小就有语言障碍，所以他没有很多朋友，并且感到孤独。故选B项。
2.Why did Rowan want to act ( )
C
A.He wanted to become popular. B.He enjoyed staying on the stage.
C.He intended to make people happy. D.He was eager to overcome his drawback.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段关键句He aimed at making people laugh and with persistent efforts over the years he has successfully established this.可知，罗温想要表演是因为他想让人们快乐。故选C项。
3.What made Rowan’s life change ( )
B
A.That he was respected by the audience.
B.That he could speak fluently when playing some characters.
C.That he got a Hollywood face and a heroic body.
D.That he received a master’s degree in science.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段关键句Interestingly he realised that whenever he played some characters, he spoke fluently.He used it as an inspiration for his acting.This is exactly where Rowan's life changed.可知，使罗温的生活发生改变的是在扮演一些角色时，他能流利地说话。故选B项。
4.What contributed to Rowan’s success according to the text ( )
D
A.His wisdom. B.His independence. C.His honesty. D.His willpower.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句Rowan kept his passion alive and worked hard towards reaching his dreams.和最后一段关键句Life always rewards those who are willing to keep moving forward.可知，罗温在面对种种困难和拒绝时，仍然保持着激情，努力实现自己的梦想，通过努力工作并凭借坚强的意志力，最终取得了成功。由此可知，促成罗温成功的是他的意志力。故选D项。
B[广东深圳宝安区2022高二月考]
体裁： 说明文 题材： 社会文化 词数： 300 难度： &11& 建议用时： 8分钟
The British are known for their sense of humour. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp （潮湿的） outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She or he isn’t exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in unpleasant situations or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humour.
Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen in their everyday life such as when someone accidentally falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress
and the way they behave.What’s more, the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedy series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour. Mr Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990.
Mr Bean doesn’t talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do. Mr Bean is popular in many countries around the world because people do not have to speak English to understand the humour. Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是如何理解英式幽默。
1.Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes ( )
C
A.The British often enlarge the fact.
B.British jokes are connected with many different cultures.
C.The British try to make out that something is less serious than it is.
D.British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.及第二段中的Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.可知，英国人经常使用低调陈述，低调陈述意味着说的比你想的或感觉的要少，所以外国人很难理解英国笑话是因为英国人总是试着让别人觉得事情没有那么严重。
2.How does the author explain understatement ( )
A
A.By using examples. B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order. D.By describing a process.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It's a little damp outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She or he isn't exactly friendly.”可知，作者是通过举例来解释低调陈述的。
3.How does Mr Bean make people laugh ( )
D
A.By telling funny stories.
B.By making jokes about others’ accents.
C.By copying how others behave.
D.By using his body movements and facial expressions.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的首句可知，憨豆先生是通过肢体动作和面部表情使人发笑的。
4.What can be the best title for the text ( )
D
A.British Humour in Comedy B.Humour in Different Cultures
C.Developing Your Sense of Humour D.Understanding British Humour
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.及倒数第二段中的Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.可知，本文主要介绍的是如何理解英式幽默。
长难句分析
句意：另一个理解英式幽默的关键是英国人不仅喜欢自嘲，还喜欢拿别人开玩笑。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.play a part in 在……中起作用
2. make fun of 拿……开玩笑;嘲弄……
体裁： 说明文 题材： 人际关系 词数： 268 难度： &12& 建议用时： 7分钟
[山西太原2023高二期中] Learning how to be funny can make your entire life much more
enjoyable. While some people are naturally funny, others have to work at it. 1. . Although there is no
absolute way to get funnier overnight, there are some little tips you can practise to improve your sense
of humour.
F
Exaggerate characters
To attract people to you, you need to learn how to make people laugh. 2. . Exaggerate one of
your features, an object around you, or something someone is wearing. Use an adjective that’s a little
too strong to exaggerate the situation.
Change your vocal tone （声调）
Being able to speak in an amusing way is an important social skill that can make people laugh. Yet,
most people tend to have a neutral tone of voice when speaking, which can make it hard to notice a
humorous meaning behind their words. 3. .
A
E
Test out jokes on others if you can
Is it hard for you to find funny things to say 4. . The solution is to practise your jokes in front
of others. Everyone has an inner comedian and they need to learn how to let it out. For some, the idea
of trying out jokes seems scary, but if you can do it in a safe environment, it can be a great way to
learn how to crack people up.
Make it simple
5. . If they don’t understand, they will not laugh. What makes a joke funny is not its complexity or
depth, but its simplicity. A result of this is that the more you try to force a joke to be funny, the more
it will fall flat on its face.
A.The best tool is to use some overstatements.
B.Not everyone will understand complex jokes.
C.Also, use your tone of voice to enhance the joke.
D.Are you nervous about what others think of your jokes
E.By practising, you can make your voice funnier to others.
F.What’s the most proven way to develop a sense of humour
G.You will be surprised at how effective a simple story can be.
D
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以提高幽默感的小技巧。
1.___
F
解析 空前提到有些人需要学习如何成为有趣的人，下文Although there is no absolute way to get funnier overnight, there are some little tips you can practise to improve your sense of humour.引出培养幽默感的方法，F项（培养幽默感最有效的方法是什么？）承上启下，其中the most proven way和下文中的absolute way呼应。故选F项。
2.___
A
解析 根据段落小标题Exaggerate characters可知，本段的关键词是“夸张”。该段第一句指出需要学习如何使人发笑，A项（最好的办法是使用一些夸张说法）中的overstatements与本段小标题呼应，且A项承接上文，给出使人发笑的方法。故选A项。
3.___
E
解析 根据段落小标题Change your vocal tone可知，本段的关键词是“语调”，E项（通过练习，你可以让别人觉得你的声音更有趣）中的your voice和本段主旨对应，其中make your voice funnier与本段第一句中的 speak in an amusing way相呼应。故选E项。
4.___
D
解析 根据下文The solution is to practise your jokes in front of others.可知，此处给出了解决办法，所以设空处需要提出疑问，结合段落小标题Test out jokes on others if you can可知，设空处提出的问题与别人对你的笑话的看法有关。D项（你对别人对你的笑话的看法感到紧张吗？）符合语境。故选D项。
5.___
B
解析 根据段落小标题Make it simple和下文If they don't understand, they will not laugh.What makes a joke funny is not its complexity or depth, but its simplicity.可知，本段主要介绍不要讲复杂的笑话，B项（不是每个人都能理解复杂的笑话）给出了不要讲复杂的笑话的原因，引出下文。故选B项。
04
Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.She is one of the most __________ （influence） figures in local politics.
influential
解析 句意为：她是本地政坛最有影响力的人物之一。设空处修饰名词figures，应用形容词形式，influential意为“有影响力的”。
2.Adult as she is, she keeps being __________ （depend） on her parents too much.
dependent
解析 句意为：她虽然是个成年人，但一直过多地依赖父母。be dependent on为固定搭配，意为“依赖”。
3.The government has made every effort to have complete control ________ the whole situation.
over/of
解析 句意为：政府已用尽浑身解数去完全把控整个局面。have control over/of sb/sth为固定搭配，意为“控制某人/某物”。
4._______ （bath） in golden sunlight, the small valley looks inviting.
Bathed
解析 句意为：沐浴在金色的阳光下，这个小山谷看起来非常迷人。be bathed in… 为固定表达，意为“沐浴在……之中”。分析句子成分可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词bath和the small valley之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故填其过去分词形式。
5.It takes a lot for one _____________ （distinguish） himself from other candidates in a job interview.
to distinguish
解析 句意为：一个人想要在求职面试中脱颖而出需要付出很多。分析句子成分可知，It在句中作形式主语，此处应用动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
6.Unfortunately, he ended up _______ （fail） the driving test in spite of his hard training.
failing
解析 句意为：遗憾的是，尽管努力练习了，他最后还是未能通过驾照考试。end up doing… 为固定搭配，意为“最终处于……”，故填failing。
7.Students should involve themselves ___ community activities where they can gain experience for
growth.
in
解析 句意为：学生应该参与社区活动，他们可以在活动中获得成长经验。involve sb in （doing） sth意为“使某人参与（做）某事”，为固定搭配。故填in。
8.The staff strongly demanded that their wages _________ （raise） by 20%.
be raised
解析 句意为：员工强烈要求（公司）把他们的工资提高20%。demand后面的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。wages和raise之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态。
9.For teachers, there are varieties of approaches to _______ （get） into the students’ minds.
getting
解析 句意为：对于老师们而言，（他们）有各种各样的方法走进学生的内心。approaches to… 为固定搭配，其中to 为介词，后面需使用动名词作宾语。
10.It was with great courage and determination _____ I finally crossed the finishing line.
that
解析 句意为：正是怀着巨大的勇气和决心，我最终越过了终点线。本句删去It was和设空处后句意完整，没有成分缺失，故本句为It was… that/who… 强调句型，强调内容为物，应填that。
根据提示补全句子。
1.所有观众都有可能被这个感人的故事打动。（chance）
_________ ____ _____ all the audience are affected by this moving story.
Chances
are
that
2.当谈到喜剧演员，就不得不提卓别林。（come to）
_______ ___ _______ ___ comedians, Chaplin deserves enough attention.
When
it
comes
to
3.在这么糟糕的天气（状况）下，他会迟到是很自然的事情。（natural）
___ ___ _______ _____ he turns up late for work in such bad weather.
It
is
natural
that
4.他醒来之后，发现自己安然无恙。（“find+宾语+宾补”结构）
He woke up and ______ ________ _____ _____ _______ .
found
himself
safe
and
sound
5.在某种程度上，这部电影像是一个时间囊，保存了历史中的某一时刻。（degree）
____ ___ _______ _______ , the film is like a time capsule, preserving a moment in history.
To
a
certain
degree
A[山西榆次一中2023高二开学考试]
体裁：记叙文 题材：人生经历 词数：306 难度：&13& 建议用时：8分钟
I was travelling in Spain with my sister who was living there. I went into a bakery to order a couple of pastries （油酥糕点）. There were different kinds of pastries on a shelf, but only one kind had a little sign hanging from the shelf that said “something borrachos”. I didn’t necessarily want those, but they were the only labelled ones, so naturally I waved to the guy behind the counter and ordered “Dos borrachos por favor.（Two borrachos please.）”
I was pretty . .timid. . with my Spanish, so I whispered it. The men sitting near me all stopped talking and looked at me. The guy, very seriously, said, “Que Quieras （What do you want ）”
I shyly said again, with less confidence, “Dos borrachos por favor.”
All the men around me started sniggering （窃笑）.
The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting louder. He was raising his voice over the noise of the whole shop. He told me to speak up. Most of the tables now were also quiet.
I was getting a bit embarrassed. I thought he was making fun of my accent or I was pronouncing the words wrong. I looked hard at the sign, made sure to pronounce them correctly, and shouted, “Quiero dos borrachos! （I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!）”
He repeated my words loudly. This time, he couldn’t keep a straight face and started guffawing （狂笑）, and the rest in the shop followed.
I had no idea what was happening, so I just ran out, empty-handed and ashamed.
I came back and told my sister the story. She started laughing and explained “borrachos” means “drunk men”. The sign probably