(共22张PPT)
Writing Workshop
A Summary (2)—Reading Club 2
02
03
04
词汇斩
写作仿
模块
导航
01
课时内容早知道
句子控
定向练1
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．你的言行应一致。(correspond)
Your words should ______________ your deeds.
2．和你的朋友保持通信是明智的选择。(correspond)
Keeping ________________ is a wise choice.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．correspond with/to
2．corresponding with your friends
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In our company, I'm in a rather unique position, as my job is different ________ anyone else's.
2．I helped them to see themselves ________ (different), and they finally built themselves into winners.
3．Scientists have introduced a new model of the 3 D printer, which differs ________ the existing ones in certain aspects.
4．John and his brother differ ________ personality even if their ________ (different) in age is not significant.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.from 考查短语be different from…，意为“与……不同”。
2．differently 修饰动词see应用副词，故填differently。句意为：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，最终他们成了获胜者。
3．from 考查短语differ from…，意为“与……不同”。句意为：科学家们推出了一款新型的3 D打印机模型，它在某些方面与现有的打印机有所不同。
4．in; difference 句意为：约翰和他的哥哥性格不同，即使他们的年龄相差不大。第一空考查短语differ in…，意为“在……方面不同”；第二空空前有形容词性物主代词修饰，应用该词的名词形式，difference in… 意为“……方面的差别/差异”，根据第二空空后的is可知，应填difference的单数形式。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．无论她说什么，都不会对我们的安排有任何影响。
Whatever she says will not ________ ________ ________ ________ our arrangements.
2．婴儿在出生前就能分辨大的声响和说话声。
Before birth, babies can ________ ________ ________ ________ loud sounds and voices.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、1.make any difference to/in
2．tell the difference between
定向练3
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Two years ago, the study ________ (conduct) by the University of Oxford.
2．Wang Yaping became the first woman to live aboard Tianhe and the first Chinese woman ever ________ (conduct) a spacewalk.
3．The virtual choir was the idea of award winning composer and ________ (conduct) Eric Whitacre, who began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.
4．________ (conduct) space exploration has the potential to expand human knowledge of the universe.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．was conducted 句意为：两年前，牛津大学进行了这项研究。
2．to conduct 句意为：王亚平成为第一位在“天和”号上生活的女性，也是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，修饰the first Chinese woman；当名词前有the first, the last等修饰时，名词后通常接不定式作后置定语。故填to conduct。
3．conductor 句意为：虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥埃里克·惠特克的主意，他于1988年开始在内华达大学学习音乐。根据空前的composer和空后的Eric Whitacre可知，此处与composer并列，表示头衔，故填conductor。
4．Conducting 句意为：进行太空探索有增加人类对宇宙的认识的潜在性。分析句子结构可知，________ space exploration在句中作主语，设空处应用动名词形式。故填Conducting。
定向练4
一、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．简·奥斯汀在现代社会很受欢迎，因为现在读者仍认同她小说中的人物。
Jane Austen enjoys wide popularity in modern times, for now the readers can still ________ ________ the characters in her novels.
2．他确认这辆车就是他儿子的。
He ________ the car ________ that of his son.
3．她说她与电影中的男主人公有同感。
She said she ________ ________ the hero in the film.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.identify with 考查短语 identify with sb/sth，意为“认同某人/某物”。
2．identified; as 考查短语identify… as…，意为“认出/确认……是……”。
3．identified with 考查短语identify with sb，意为“和某人有同感”。
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He identified wealth ________ success.
2．The woman who was on passport control asked me if I had any further ________ (identify)．
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、1.with 句意为：他认为拥有财富就是成功。identify… with… 意为“将……等同于……”。
2．identification 句意为：检查护照的那位女士问我是否有进一步的身份证明。
定向练5
一、翻译句子。
1．He was suspected of giving away the secret.
________________________________________________________________________
2．Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.
________________________________________________________________________
3．He is the prime suspect in the case.
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.有人怀疑他泄露了秘密。
2．他们出示的证据中有些有很大的疑点。
3．他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。
二、同义句转换。
They suspected that he betrayed state secrets.
→①They suspected ________ ________ ________ state secrets.
→②They were ________ ________ his ________ state secrets.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、①him of betraying
②suspicious of; betraying
句子控
定向练1
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．European football is played in 80 countries, ________ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.
2．The ice is thick enough ________ (walk) on.
3．He cut off the electricity quickly, ________ (prevent) an accident.
4．She got to the station only ________ (tell) the train had gone.
5．She hurried back only ________ (find) her old friend George waiting for her.
6．The child slipped and fell down, ________ (hit) his head against the door.
7．She threw the toy on the ground, ________ (break) it into pieces.
【解析】
1．making 句意为：有80个国家都在踢欧式足球，这使之成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。
2．to walk 句意为：冰足够厚，人们可以在上面行走。
3．preventing 句意为：他迅速切断了电源，阻止了一起意外事故。
4．to be told 句意为： 她到达车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。
5．to find 句意为：她匆忙赶回来，却发现她的老友乔治正在等她。
6．hitting 句意为：孩子脚一滑，摔倒了，头撞到了门上。
7．breaking 句意为：她把玩具扔在地上，将它摔得粉碎。
句子控
句子控
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1．He wrote many books for children, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.
2．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of ________ wanted to buy it.
【解析】
1．which 句意为：他写了很多儿童书籍，其中几乎一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。先行词books指物，所以of 后用which。
2．whom 句意为：上周只有两个人来看房子，并且两个人之中没有一个想买的。该句先行词为people，指人，介词of后需要填whom。
句子控(共15张PPT)
Unit 9
Human Biology
知识·技能·考试
02
阅读技能突破
模块
导航
01
语言知识运用
例1 We know this is a small contribution compared ________ all the resources and talents already working on these issues.
语言知识运用
例2 As of last year there were some 58 million pet cats in China's urban households, ________ (compare) with some 54 million pet dogs.
例3 [江苏无锡2022高二期末]In ________ (compare) with the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects.
1．compare
语言知识运用
【解析】
例1：to/with
例2：compared
例3：comparison
例4 [四川树德中学2022高二期中]My heart sank with it and I felt like a failure.We tend to speak of the sorrows of childhood as matters of little importance ________ those of grown ups. Controlled by reason and self respect, the sorrows of grown ups keep the social customs and rules of conduct while the sorrows of childhood are the complete abandonment to the passion.The doll's nose is broken, and the whole world breaks up with it.
A．in comparison with
B．in favour of
C．in response to
D．on account of
语言知识运用
语言知识运用
【解析】
例4：A 根据语境可知，此处表示与成年时期的悲伤相比，人们往往将童年时期的悲伤视为微不足道的。成年人受到理性和自尊心的影响，会克制自己的行为，但对儿童而言，这些情绪可能会使他们放弃自己的热情。
例1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]The ability to ________ (accurate) understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients.
语言知识运用
2．accurate
例2 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020 ]Historical ________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements.
语言知识运用
【解析】例1：accurately 例2：accuracy
例1 Stephen Hawking was ________ (bury) in his research on the universe.
语言知识运用
例2 [河南名校2022高三联考·改编]Visitors are able to bury ________ (they) in the art and atmosphere here through their senses of vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
3．bury
语言知识运用
【解析】
例1：buried 句意为：斯蒂芬·霍金专心于对宇宙的研究。考查固定搭配be buried in，意为“埋头于；专心致志于”。
例2：themselves
例1 Beauty standards vary ________ culture to culture.
语言知识运用
例2 [河北保定2022高三一模]Dietitians and nutritionists can work in management. They may work in ________ (vary) large scale food service operations that feed the community.
4．vary
例3 In the botanical garden we found a ________ (vary) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.
语言知识运用
【解析】
例1：from 例2：various 例3：variety
例1 [福建龙岩一中2022高三一模] They labelled all vegetables in four ________ (differ) ways each day: basic, healthy restrictive, healthy positive and indulgent (放纵的)．
语言知识运用
例2 A geographer might be described as one who observes, records and explains the ________ (differ) between places.
5．differ
例3 Green space within 300 metres of home made the greatest ________ (differ) to mental well being.
语言知识运用
【解析】
例1：different
例2：differences
例3：difference 句意为：住宅周围300米范围内的绿地对心理健康的影响最大。make a/the difference意为“有影响；有作用”。(共21张PPT)
Unit 9
Human Biology
Lesson 2
Brain Power
02
03
词汇斩
模块
导航
01
课时内容早知道
句子控
定向练1
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The United Kingdom ________ (consist) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2．The goods mainly consist ________ food and medicines.
3．A crowd ________ (consist) of the wives and children of scientists staged a demonstration.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.consists 句意为：英国由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组成。consist of 只能用主动语态且本句陈述一般事实。
2．of 句意为：货物主要包含食物和药品。
3．consisting 句意为：由科学家们的妻儿们组成的队伍举行了一次游行。该空作后置定语，应用非谓语动词，consist of意为“由……组成”，无被动形式，与A crowd之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填现在分词。
二、一句多译。
委员会由10名成员组成。
①The committee _______________________ ten members. (consist)
②The committee _______________________ ten members. (make up)
③Ten members ________________________ the committee. (make up)
④The committee _______________________ ten members. (compose)
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、①consists of
②is made up of
③make up
④is composed of
定向练2
用contain 或include 的正确形式填空。
1．The bowl ________ a variety of fruits.
2．The list ________ the names of many famous writers.
3．Many students went to the cinema last night, ________ me.
4．This dictionary is 100 yuan, postage________.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．contains 句意为：这个碗里有各种各样的水果。
2．includes 句意为：名单中包含许多著名作家的名字。
3．including 句意为：昨晚许多学生去看电影了，包括我在内。
4．included 句意为：这本词典售价为100元(含邮费)。
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. People usually relate happiness ________ money, which is quite wrong.
2．China has been stepping up its efforts to build a close ________ (relate) with many African countries.
3．More and more people die from illnesses ________ (relate) to pollution.
4．The “new four great inventions” are all ________ (relate) to China's high tech innovation.
5．Unemployment here is high in ________ (relate) to the national level.
6．I can't relate what he does ________ what he says.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.to 句意为：人们通常把幸福和金钱联系在一起，这是大错特错的。
2．relationship 句意为：中国一直在加紧努力与多个非洲国家建立密切关系。
3．related 句意为：越来越多的人死于与污染有关的疾病。
4．related 句意为：“新四大发明”都与中国的高科技创新有关。考查短语be related to，意为“与……有关”。
5．relation 句意为：这里的失业率相对于全国的失业率而言偏高。in relation to 意为“相对……而言”。
6．to 句意为：我没法把他做的和说的联系起来。
二、翻译句子。
1．Some adults can't relate to children.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、1.有些成年人不理解儿童(的想法)。
2．在开始的几章中，她描述了自己童年的经历。
定向练4
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．This corner would make a good ________ (locate) for a gas station.
2．________ (locate) in the Garden Hotel, the academy aims to provide workshops (研讨会) and corporate training courses related to fashion design.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．location 设空处作宾语，且空前有形容词good修饰，应填名词。
2．Located be located in… 为固定搭配，意为“位于”，位于句首作状语时省略be。
句子控
定向练1
翻译句子。
1．他和我在同一家商店工作。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这杯咖啡和我们在史密斯夫人家喝的一样。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【解析】
1．He works in the same shop that I do.
2．This cup of coffee is the same as we had at Mrs Smith's.
句子控
句子控
定向练2
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I'm sorry to keep you ________ (wait)．
2．There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes ________ (fix) on the sink until it's full.
3．It is necessary that we keep the young generation ________ (inform) of the current affairs.
4．The question kept me ________ (wonder) for the rest of the night.
【解析】
一、1.waiting 句意为：对不起，让您久等了。you与wait之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词waiting。
2．fixed 句意为：当这一切进行的时候，你什么也不用做，只要让两只眼睛盯着水槽，直到它完全装满。fix one's eyes on为固定搭配，eyes与fix之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词fixed。
3．informed that引导的主语从句中包含“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，inform与the young generation之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词informed。
4．wondering 该句用的是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，me与wonder之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词wondering。
句子控
句子控
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．它能够防止我们近视，而且能使我们保持身体健康。
It can prevent us from getting shortsighted and it can ______________．
2．我们应保持教室整洁干净。
We should ______________．
【解析】
二、1.keep us healthy/fit 第二个分句用的是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，形容词healthy/fit补充说明宾语us的状态。
2．keep our classroom clean and tidy 该句用的是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，形容词短语补充说明宾语our classroom的状态。
句子控(共48张PPT)
Unit 9
Human Biology
To Clone or Not to Clone
Topic Talk & Lesson 1
02
03
04
课文绘
句子控
语法汇
模块
导航
01
课时内容早知道
词汇斩
05
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He won first place in the poetry ________ (compete)．
2．Our firm is no longer ________ (compete) in the world market.
3．The firm has better products than its ________ (compete)．
4．Several countries are competing ________ the chance to host the game.
5．We are competing ________ several companies ________ the project.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．competition 句意为：他在诗歌竞赛中获得了第一名。
2．competitive 句意为：我们公司在世界市场上不再具有竞争力。
3．competitor(s) 句意为：这家公司的产品比其竞争对手的好。
4．for 句意为：几个国家正在争夺主办这场比赛的机会。
5．against/with; for 句意为：我们正在和几家公司竞争这个项目。
词汇斩
定向练2
根据汉语提示补全句子。
1．Participants shouldn't ________ ________ (参与) making the decisions about the results.
2．He ________ ________ ________ (入党) in 1988 while he was at university.
3．Would you ________ us ________ (加入) the discussion
4．Only 7 people ________ (参加了) the meeting.
5．All children between the ages of 5 and 16 must ________ ________ (上学)．
词汇斩
【解析】
1．participate in 句意为：参赛者不应该参与结果的决定。
2．joined the Party 句意为：他在1988年上大学时入党。
3．join; in 句意为：你愿意加入我们的讨论吗？表示“和某人一起做某事”，用join sb in (doing) sth。
4．attended 句意为：仅有7个人参加了会议。
5．attend school 句意为：5到16岁的孩子都必须上学。
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．“Genius” is a complicated concept, ________ (involve) many different factors.
2．At present, much of his work ________ (involve) dealing with safety problems in the schools of his community.
3．90% of new teachers agree that involving parents ________ their children's education is a priority at their school.
二、翻译句子。
1．We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
________________________________________________________________________
2．My teacher praised me for my involvement in the voluntary work.
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.involving 句意为： “天才”是一个复杂的概念，涉及很多不同因素。此处考查非谓语动词形式，因为concept与involve之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用involving。
2．involves 句意为：现在，他的多数工作包含处理他所在社区学校内的安全问题。根据时间状语At present可知，此处时态为一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，故填involves。
3．in 句意为：90%的新老师一致认为让家长参与到孩子的教育中是他们学校的首要任务。involve sb in (doing) sth意为“让某人参与(做)某事”，此处介词应使用in。
二、1.我们想要使尽可能多的人参加庆祝活动。
2．我的老师因为我参加志愿活动而表扬了我。
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Don't compare your strengths ________ others' weaknesses, which is meaningless.
2．In ________ (compare) with the past years, the living conditions have improved a lot.
3．________ (compare) with your phone, my phone is out of date.
4．________ (compare) your phone with mine, I know mine is out of date.
5．Children are often compared ________ happy birds.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.with/to
2．comparison
3．Compared compared with/to… 为独立成分作状语，故用过去分词。
4．Comparing compare和其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
5．to
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．它走这段路要用28个小时，与之相比火车要用6天。
It covered the distance in 28 hours ________ ________ ________ ________ six days.
2．人们在比较价格时，必须考虑货物的质量。
________ ________ ________, one has to take the quality of the goods into consideration.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、1.compared with/to the train's
2．When comparing prices
定向练5
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself ________ a box of chocolates.
2．All visitors to this village are treated ________ kindness.
3．Good public speaking training should treat you ________ a special one, with your own personal habits.
4．While cloning may be used for medical ________ (treat), not everyone supports it.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
我告诉他那很危险，但他把我的话当作玩笑。
I told him that was dangerous but he ________ ________ ________ ________ jokes.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.to 句意为：像个小孩子一样，她离开了医院，然后犒劳了自己一盒巧克力糖。
2．with 句意为：所有到这个村庄的游客都被友善对待。
3．as 句意为：好的公共演讲训练应把你视为一个拥有自己个人习惯的特别的人。
4．treatment 句意为：尽管克隆可以用于药物治疗，但并不是每个人都支持。
二、treated my words as
定向练6
翻译句子。
1．There are bound to be price increases next year.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．I boarded the plane bound for England.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．明年物价一定会上涨。
2．我登上了飞往英格兰的飞机。
句子控
定向练1
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1．The land is known for a historic site with beautifully coloured walls, ________ which the events of the past are painted.
2．The professor always spends the whole weekend in the bookshop ________ which he found the dictionary.
3．Parents are the first teacher from ________ children learn everything from birth.
4．Do you know the reason ________ which he was absent from the lecture
【解析】
一、1.on 句意为：这个国家以一处历史遗址而闻名，该遗址有着美丽的彩色墙壁，墙上画着过去发生的事情。本题是对“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的考查，which指代先行词walls，表示“在墙上”应用介词on，故填on。
2．in 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为the bookshop，表示“在书店”应在which前加介词in。从句部分可还原为he found the dictionary in the bookshop。
3．whom 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据先行词teacher指人可知，关系代词应用whom。
4．for 分析从句结构可知，此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，从句部分结构完整，先行词为reason，从句中缺少原因状语，定语从句中why可以用for which来代替，所以应填for。
句子控
句子控
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．这就是我曾经居住过的村庄。
This is the village ____________________________．
2．这就是她在寻找的书。
This is the book ____________________________．
3．所有这些都是西方国家用来了解中国的窗口。
All these are windows ________________________．
4．刚才跟我谈话的那个女人来自美国。
The woman ________________ just now comes from America.
【解析】
二、1.where/in which I once lived
2．(which/that) she is looking for
3．through which the Western countries can know about China
4．to/with whom I talked
句子控
句子控
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1．________ we were waiting for you, I taught my wife how to swim.
2．Failure usually results from laziness ________ diligence can result in success.
3．________ I understand what you say, I can't agree with you.
4．________ the Internet is bridging the distance between people, it may also be breaking some families or will cause other family problems.
【解析】
一、1.While/When/As 句意为：在我们等你的时候，我教我妻子如何游泳了。
2．while 此处表示对比关系，意为“而”，故填while。
3．While/Although/Though
4．While/Although/Though
句子控
句子控
二、翻译句子。
1．Don't forget the past while we are living a happy life.
________________________________________________________________________
2．While I am not very rich, I would like to help those who are in trouble.
________________________________________________________________________
【解析】
二、1.我们在过着幸福生活的时候不要忘记过去。
2．虽然我不是十分富有，但我愿意帮助那些有困难的人。
句子控
句子控
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
2．________ is certain that she will do well in her exam.
3．It is ________ (nature) that they would have different views.
4．It ________ (estimate) that the output will increase by 20% this year.
句子控
【解析】
一、1.that 句意为：通常情况下，对那些一直抱有希望的人来说，任何事情都是可能的。本句中It为形式主语，设空处引导主语从句，从句意义完整且不缺成分，故填that。
2．It 本句中that引导主语从句，设空处应用it作形式主语。因设空处位于句首，故填It。
3．natural 句意为：他们会有不同的意见，这很正常。本句为“it＋be＋adj.＋从句”结构。本句中It作形式主语，设空处位于is后，应用形容词形式。
4．is estimated 句意为：预计今年的产量将提高20%。该句为“it＋动词的被动语态＋从句”结构，本句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，故设空处应用动词的被动语态。
句子控
二、用it作形式主语翻译句子。
1．你错过了这场激动人心的足球比赛，真是太遗憾了。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．是什么导致了这场事故完全是个谜。(cause)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________?
句子控
【解析】
二、1.It's a great pity that you missed the exciting football match.
2．It is a complete mystery what caused the accident.
句子控
定向练4
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The local community insists that all the residents here ________ (follow) the regulations on garbage sorting.
2．He insisted that he ________ (submit) his entry before the deadline and that he should not be to blame for the failure.
3．The smile on her face suggests that she ________ (be) satisfied with the exam results.
句子控
【解析】
1．(should) follow 句意为：当地社区坚决要求这里所有的居民都应遵守垃圾分类的规定。insist在本句中意为“坚决要求”，从句应用虚拟语气。
2．had submitted 句意为：他坚称自己在截止日期前已经提交了参赛作品，且坚决要求他不应为失败负责。insisted在其后的第一个从句中意为“坚持说”，submit这个动作发生在insisted之前，为过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。
3．is 句意为：她脸上的微笑表明她对这次的考试结果感到满意。suggests在本句中意为“暗示；表明”，后接的从句要用陈述语气。
定向练1
一、根据汉语意思，用括号内单词的正确形式完成句子。
1．那是史密斯先生第四次参观颐和园。
That is the fourth time that Mr Smith ________ (visit) the Summer Palace.
2．米线是用米做成的面条，它是我吃过的最好吃的东西。
Rice noodles ________ (be) noodles made from rice. And they are the most delicious thing that I ________ (eat)．
3．从大学毕业起，我就住在了北京。
I ________ (live) in Beijing since I ________ (graduate) from the university.
4．在我加入前的一周他们就一直在做这个项目。我们现在仍然在做，因为到目前为止还没有好的结果产生。
They had been working on the programme for one week before I ________ (join) them, and now we are still working on it as no good results ________ (come out) so far.
5．在过去几年中，机器人已经在我们的日常生活中得到了应用。
Robots ________ (apply) in our daily life over the past few years.
语法汇
【解析】
一、1.has visited
2．are; have eaten
3．have lived/have been living; graduated
4．joined; have come out 第一空：根据前面的提示had been working 和before可知，需要用一般过去时。第二空：根据语境及时间状语so far可知，需要用现在完成时。
5．have been applied 根据时间状语over the past few years可知，此处用现在完成时，Robots与apply之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
语法汇
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Judy is going to marry the tour guide she ________ (meet) in France last year.
2．—Where ________ (be) your new home now
—In the new developed area. But I ________ (live) downtown for five years.
3．Since Hannah began her activities, she ________ (receive) a lot of praise.
4．My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He ________ (work) there for a few months and then went to America.
5．I ________ (read) half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
6．In the last few years, China (make) great achievements in environmental protection.
语法汇
【解析】
二、1.met 根据时间状语last year可知，该空应用一般过去时。
2．is; lived 第一空：根据时间状语now可知，需要用一般现在时。根据第二空所在句的语境可知，“我”曾经在市中心住了五年，现在已经不住在那里了，故第二空需要用一般过去时。
3．has received 句意为：自从汉娜开始她的活动，她已经获得了很多赞扬。 句中Since引导的时间状语从句的时态为一般过去时，主句一般用现在完成时。
4．worked 根据空后的内容可知，他后来去了美国，所以他只是曾经在加拿大工作了几个月，故用一般过去时表示过去的动作。
5．have read 句意为：这本英文小说我已经读了一半，我会尽量在周末把它读完。根据句意可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去并将会继续下去，应用现在完成时。
6．has made 句意为：在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的成就。由时间状语In the last few years可推知，动作从过去持续到现在并对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时。
语法汇
7．I saw Jack yesterday morning, and I ________ (see) him for twenty years.
8．The Greens moved back to the countryside in 2008 and ________ (lead) a happy and peaceful life there ever since.
9．This is the first time the students ________ (go) to Hyde Park.
10．Guilin is the most attractive city I ________ (visit)．
11．The number of road accidents and the deaths resulting from those accidents ________ (increase) over the past years.
语法汇
【解析】
7．hadn't seen 句意为：昨天上午我见到了杰克，我已经有20年没见过他了。
8．have led 根据句中时间状语ever since可知，此处表示的动作从2008年一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。
9．have gone 在“This is the first time (that)…”结构中，从句用现在完成时。
10．have visited 句意为：桂林是我参观过的最有吸引力的城市。
11．have increased 根据时间状语over the past years可知，句子应用现在完成时。
语法汇
定向练2
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Dashan, who ________ (learn) crosstalk, the traditional Chinese comedy, for decades, wants to mix it with the Western stand up tradition.
2．Marty ________ (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
3．Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
4．—Tony, why are your eyes red
—I ________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
语法汇
【解析】
1．has been learning 句意为：大山几十年来一直在学习相声——中国传统喜剧，他想把相声与西方传统的单口喜剧相结合。
2．has been working 句意为：马蒂一直在非常努力地写他的书，他认为他会在星期五之前完成。
3．have been trying 句意为：自从人类开始做园艺工作以来，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽。
4．have been cutting 句意为：——托尼，你的眼睛为什么发红？——我在刚才的五分钟里一直在切辣椒。
语法汇
定向练3
根据汉语意思，用括号内的单词完成句子。
1．我当时正在给一群人作报告，那个报告我之前已为其他六组人作过了。
I was giving a talk to a group of people, the same talk I ________________________ (give) to half a dozen other groups.
2．20世纪50年代，在美国，大多数的家庭只有一部电话，而且无线电话还没有被发明出来。
In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ____________________________ (invent) yet.
3．教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。
The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project ________________________ (complete) by the students independently.
语法汇
【解析】
1．had given 由于was giving为过去进行时，根据语境可知，设空处表示的动作发生在was giving这一过去发生的动作之前，故用过去完成时。
2．hadn't been invented 根据语境可知，invent表示的动作发生在had just one phone之前，表示“过去的过去”，且与主语wireless phones之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。由句意可知应用否定形式。
3．had been completed
语法汇
4．我的朋友简上周刚结婚，婚礼花费比她原计划的超出了3,000美元。
Jane, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent 3,000 dollars more than she ____________________________ (plan) for the wedding.
5．辛苦了一天后我刚上床睡觉，电话就响了。
I ________________________ (go) after a very hard day ________ the phone rang.
6．已经完成作业的双胞胎被允许在操场上做游戏。
The twins, who ________________________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play games on the playground.
语法汇
【解析】
4．had planned 根据语境可知，plan表示的动作发生在spent表示的动作之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
5．had just/hardly/scarcely gone to bed; when或had no sooner gone to bed; than
6．had finished
语法汇
7．我原本打算周一出发的，但一场交通事故改变了我的计划。
I ________________________ (mean) on Monday, but a traffic accident changed my plan.
8．他一安顿下来就卖掉了那所旧房子。
He ________________________ (hardly… when) he sold the old house.
语法汇
7．我原本打算周一出发的，但一场交通事故改变了我的计划。
I ________________________ (mean) on Monday, but a traffic accident changed my plan.
8．他一安顿下来就卖掉了那所旧房子。
He ________________________ (hardly… when) he sold the old house.
语法汇
【解析】
7．had meant to set off/out
8．had hardly settled down when
语法汇
定向练4
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The crazy fans ________ (wait) patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
2．His arms were sunburnt because he ________ (sit) in the sun all day.
3．He felt very tired because he ________ (work) for at least five hours.
4．She ________ (read) an English novel from 7 to 8 o'clock last night.
5．By the time he returned home from England, his son ________ (graduate) from college.
语法汇
【解析】
1．had been waiting 句意为：那些疯狂的影迷们已经耐心地等待了2个小时，他们还要再等，直到那个影星到来。
2．had been sitting 句意为：他的胳膊被晒伤了，因为他一整天都坐在太阳底下。
3．had been working/had worked 句意为：他感觉特别累，因为他已经工作了至少5个小时。
4．was reading 句意为：她昨天晚上从7点到8点在读一部英文小说。强调昨天晚上的一个时间段内正在做的事，应用过去进行时。
5．had graduated 句意为：他从英格兰回到家的时候，他儿子已经大学毕业了。根据语境可知，此处强调在过去某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时。
语法汇(共24张PPT)
Lesson 3
Epidemics Explained
02
03
04
课文绘
句子控
语法汇
模块
导航
01
课时内容早知道
词汇斩
05
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The quality of their products never ________ (vary); it is always excellent.
2．These opinions change with time, and vary ________ place to place.
3．The supermarket offers ________ (vary) goods to choose from, so more and more people prefer to shop there.
4．We need a ________ (vary) of orchids (兰花)．
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．varies 句意为：他们的产品质量始终保持稳定，一直非常好。根据it is always excellent可知，句子应用一般现在时；由The quality of their products可知，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填varies。
2．from 句意为：这些观点会随着时间和地点的不同而改变。vary from… to… 表示“……和……之间存在不同”。
3．various 句意为：超市有多种商品可供选择，因此越来越多的人更喜欢在那里购物。
4．variety 句意为：我们需要各种各样的兰花。
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．________ (oppose) to ________ (develop) the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their village.
2．Her husband sat at the ________ (oppose) corner of the room.
3．The local people opposed ________ (build) the new hotel because of the great cost.
4．My view on the project is very opposite ________ yours.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.Opposed; developing 句意为：当地人反对开发自然保护区，阻止建筑工人进入他们的村庄。
2．opposite 句意为：她的丈夫坐在房间对面的角落里。
3．building 句意为：当地人反对建造这家新旅馆，因为代价太大了。
4．to 句意为：我对这个项目的看法与你的完全相反。
二、翻译句子。
1．Many athletes today oppose doping in the sports field.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．All cars driving in the opposite direction had their headlights on.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
二、1.如今，许多运动员都反对在体育场上服用兴奋剂。
2．所有对向开过来的车都开着前灯。
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The deal is estimated ________ (be) worth around $1.5 million.
2．________ is estimated that many children suffer from dyslexia (诵读困难)．
二、翻译句子。
据估计，这个项目将持续四年时间。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
一、1.to be 句意为：这笔交易估计价值150万美元左右。考查短语be estimated to be…，意为“估计有……”。
2．It 句意为：据估计，很多孩子患有诵读困难症。句中that引导的从句为真正的主语，故句首需用It作形式主语。
二、It is estimated that the project will last four years.
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He buries himself ________ his job every day.
2．The house ________ (bury) under ten feet of snow last night.
3．He walked slowly, his hands ________ (bury) in his pockets.
4．Her head was buried ________ the newspapers she was reading.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．in 句意为：他每天都埋头工作。考查短语bury oneself in，意为“埋头于；专心致志于”。
2．was buried 句意为：昨晚，房子被埋在10英尺厚的雪下。结合句意可知，此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
3．buried 句意为：他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。逗号后为独立主格结构，bury与his hands之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
4．in 句意为：她阅读时把头埋在了报纸里。考查短语bury one's head in sth，意为“把头埋在某物里面”，此处为其被动语态。
定向练5
用方框中的result相关短语的正确形式填空。
result in result from
as a result as a result of
1．In recent years, pollution and other serious problems ______________ human activities.
2．______________ exercise, he has built himself up.
3．Misuse of a fire extinguisher will ______________ fines.
4．The work conditions were poor; ______________, the workers left.
词汇斩
词汇斩
【解析】
1．have resulted from 句意为：近年来，人类活动引起了污染以及其他严重的问题。
2．As a result of 句意为：由于锻炼，他增强了体质。
3．result in 句意为：误用灭火器将受到罚款。
4．as a result 句意为：工作条件很差，因此工人们离开了。
句子控
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He walked into the dark street ________ a walking stick in his hand.
2．—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry, with so much work ________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.
3．All the afternoon he worked in the room with the door ________ (lock)．
4．With the bridge ________ (build) next year, it will be easier to come and go from the town.
5．She had to walk home with her bicycle ________ (steal) yesterday.
6．They fell asleep in the tent with the fire ________ (burn)．
句子控
【解析】
1．with 句意为：他手里拿着拐杖，走进漆黑的街道。
2．filling work 和fill之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。句意为：——拜托，请就这个方案给我提点儿意见。——对不起，我脑子里充斥着太多工作，我几乎要崩溃了。
3．locked the door和lock之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：整个下午他都锁着门在房间里工作。
4．to be built build和the bridge之间是逻辑上的被动关系，时间状语是next year，表明是将来的动作，故用动词不定式的被动式。句意为：明年这座桥建成后，出入这个镇就更容易了。
5．stolen her bicycle和steal之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：昨天她的自行车被偷了，她只好步行回家。
6．burning the fire和burn之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。句意为：他们在帐篷里睡着了，火一直燃烧着。
句子控
定向练2
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．________ (do) quite well in the important exam, he came back home, relaxed and smiling.
2．________ (be) aware of her mistake, she made a sincere apology to her parents.
3．________ (train) several times, he could operate the new machine skilfully.
【解析】
1．Having done
2．Having been
3．Having been trained
句子控
句子控
定向练3
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1．A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.
2．They are faced with a hard choice ________ they should stay for another day or return home at once.
3．I have no idea ________ the mobile phone isn't working, so could you fix it for me
4．The police have found enough evidence ________ the murderer did on the scene.
【解析】
1．that 句意为：我突然想到了一个暖心的主意：我可以用零花钱买一些花送给妈妈当生日礼物。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，从句中不缺成分且语义完整，故用that。
2．whether 句意为：他们面临着一个艰难的选择：是应该再待一天还是马上回家。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“是否”，故填whether。
3．why 句意为：我不知道为什么手机坏了，你能帮我修一下吗？分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，根据句意可知，从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
4．what 句意为：警方已经找到足够的证据证明凶手在现场做了什么。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，从句中动词did缺少宾语，表示“做了什么”，故填what。
句子控
定向练
根据汉语提示补全句子。
1．We ________________ (同意) what he said.
2．Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter ________________ (安顿下来), get married, and have kids.
3．The actors were ________________ (装扮) when we arrived.
4．His accent ________________ (使他暴露了)．
5．I'll ________________ (接你) at 7 o'clock.
6．________________ (查阅) the dictionary if you can't spell the word.
7．Too much work and too little rest often ________________ (导致) illness.
8．We should not ________________ (推迟) what we can do today till tomorrow.
9．The drawings and paintings that the two boys discovered in the cave ________________ (追溯到) more than
2,000 years ago.
语法汇
【解析】
1．agree with 句意为：我们同意他所说的话。
2．settle down 句意为：布朗夫妇想看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。
3．dressing up 句意为：当我们到的时候，演员们正在装扮。
4．gave him away 句意为：他的口音使他暴露了。
5．pick you up 句意为：我7点来接你。
6．Look it up 句意为：如果你不会拼写这个词，就查词典。
7．lead to 句意为：过量的工作和极度缺乏休息经常引发疾病。
8．put off 句意为： 我们不应该把今天能做的事情推迟到明天。
9．date back to 句意为：这两个男孩在山洞里发现的绘画作品可以追溯到两千多年前。
语法汇
10．John is the only child in his family and expects to ________________ (接管) the business when his father retires.
11．When we were only a few miles from our destination the petrol ________________ (用完)．
12．He got up and started to ________________ (穿夹克)．
13．The wild population of koalas is in danger of ________________ (灭绝)．
14．I'll ________________ (回来) in a couple of hours.
15．Her father insisted that she ________________ (充分利用) the dictionary.
16．As is known to us, plastic bags are difficult to ________________ (分解)．
17．After a fire ________________ (爆发) in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
18．Your efforts will ________________ (有好结果) one day.
语法汇
【解析】
10．take over 句意为：约翰是家里唯一的孩子，他期待在父亲退休时(自己)能够接管生意。
11. gave/ran out 句意为：当我们离目的地只有几英里的路程时，汽油用完了。
12. put on his jacket/put his jacket on
13. dying out 句意为：野生树袋熊濒临灭绝的危险。
14．come back 句意为：我会在几个小时后回来。
15. (should) make full use of 句意为：她的父亲坚持要她充分利用这本词典。
16．break down 句意为：众所周知，塑料袋很难分解。
17．broke out 句意为：实验室突发火灾后，很多设备都被毁了。
18．pay off 句意为：你的努力终有一天会有个好的结果。
语法汇
