2023年山东省青岛市人教版九年级英语中考冲刺板块一时态讲义（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2023年山东省青岛市人教版九年级英语中考冲刺板块一时态讲义（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-18 18:29:11 | ||
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第1-2课时
时态
考点一：一般现在时
1.用法：
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。常见的时间标志词包含 often， sometimes， usually， always， on Sundays， every day/week/month/year 等。
如：I drink milk every day.
(2)表示普遍真理、客观存在或科学事实。
如：The moon moves around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。
(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力。
如：John likes hamburgers.
“主将从现”原则。 主句是一般将来时，从句是由when， after， before， not...until， as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句或由if， unless， as long as， once引导的条件状语从句时，从句用一般现在时。
如：I will tell you as soon as I know the result. 我一知道结果就告诉你。
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
be动词 am/is/are + not Be动词提前，放于句首
行为动词 don’t/doesn’t + do（动词原形） Do/Does +主语 +do（动词原形）+其他？
3.动词第三人称单数形式变化规则：
规律 例词
一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。) play→plays leave→leaves swim→swims
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。 pass →passes fix→fixes teach→teaches wish→wishes do→does
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i,再加es,读/z/ study→studies carry→carries fly→flies
考点二：现在进行时
1.用法：
(1) 现在进行时表示现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。 常用时间标志词：now, right now, Look, Listen, Be quiet , / It’s 8 o’clock. / Where is Linda / at the moment / all the time / these days.
如：They are working these days. They are talking now.
(2)表示位移的动词，如come, go, leave, start, arrive等，其现在进行时可以表示将来。
如：I am coming.
与always, all the time等连用，表示某种强烈的感情，多为赞美或发牢骚。
如：They are always watching TV.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
be+现在分词 （am/is/are+doing） be+not+现在分词（am/is/are+not+doing） be提前，置于句首
3.现在分词变化规则：
规律 例词
一般动词直接在词后加-ing read – reading work – working think – thinking
以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，应先去掉 e 然后加 – ing like – liking take – taking leave – leaving
重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ing stop – stopping begin – beginning swim – swimming run – running sit – sitting
以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying
考点三：一般将来时
1.用法：
(1)表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态.常用时间标志词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in two hours, in 2025.
如： kids will study at home on computers in ten years.
(2)在when,after,before,until,as soon as,if,unless等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
如：If they come, we will have a meeting.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
am/is/are going to+do am/is/are not going to+do am/is/are提前，置于句首
Will+do won’t+do will提前，置于句首
考点四：过去将来时
1.用法：
表示以过去某一时间为参照，在过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句。
如：I thought it was going to be fun.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
was/were going to+do was/were not going to+do was/were提前，置于句首
would+do wouldn’t+do Would提前，置于句首
考点五：一般过去时
1.用法：
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。常用时间标志词：just now,yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in the old days .
如：Last week we visited the Science Museum.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
Be动词（was,were） was/were + not was或were放于句首
行为动词（过去式） didn't + do Did+主语+do+其他？
3.规则动词过去式的变化规律：
规律 例词
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。 look→looked play→played work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d like→liked live→lived hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed plan→planned stop→stopped drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed study→studied worry→worried cry→cried
考点六：现在完成时
1.用法：
(1)表示 动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响或结果。
常用时间标志词：yet, already, ever, so far,recently, lately, in the past/last few years,次数。
如：I’ve already read the book.
过去的动作一直延续至今并有可能持续下去，常以for+时间段,since+时间点等引导的时间状语为标志。
句中的动词需为延续性动词，非延续性动词需转化为相应的延续性动词。
borrow—keep , buy—have , arrive—be in, start/begin—be on, open—be open, close—be closed,
die—be dead, leave—be away from, get up—be up, fall asleep—be asleep, get married—be married
如：He has had the watch for a year.
have been to a place 到过、去过，表示曾到过某处（回来了）
have gone to a place 去了，已经去了某地（还没回）
2.基本结构：
基本机构 否定句 一般疑问句
have/has +过去分词 have/has + not +过去分词 have/has提前，置于句首
考点七：过去进行时
1.用法：
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。常用时间标志词：at this time yesterday, at that time，at 8:00 yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等
如：I was cooking breakfast when you arrived.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
was/were+ doing was/were not + doing was/were提前，置于句首
考点八：过去完成时
1.用法：
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去。常用时间标志词：by the time,before,until,when等引导的从句作为时间状语。
-----|------------------ |--------------------|-------->
那时以前 那时 现在
如：By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. 等我回到学校的时候，上课铃已经响了。
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
had+过去分词 hadn’t+过去分词 had提前，置于句首
好题交流：
1.（2022·江苏泰州）COVID-19（新冠肺炎）______the world,and many people's life changes a lot.
A.influenced B.is influencing C.is influenced D. was influenced
2.（2022·昆明）—China's high-speed railway technology________the world now.
——That's true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A.led B. was leading C.is leading D.will lead
3.（2022·武汉）—I don't think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
—I ________. It's not safe.
A.agree B.agreed C.will agree D.had agreed
4.（2022·江苏扬州）Xia Sen________a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A.lives B.lived C.was living D.will live
5.（2022江西）—Sssh! Be quiet.I’m on the phone.
—Who_____you ______to,mom
A.do,speak B.are,speaking C.will,speak D. have, spoken
6.（2022·河北）John is waiting for me.We______to the bookstore together.
A.went B. have gone C. will go D.were going
7. (2022·江苏北路）The chief engineer announced that they______a space lab on the space station around the end of 2024.
A.have built B.had built C.will build D.would build
8.（2022·天津）We hope______a computer on every student's desk in the future.
A.there is B.there was C.there will be D. there has been
9.（2022·云南）How time flies!I_______a senior high school this September.
A.enter B.entered C.will enter D.have entered
10.（2022 · 浙江温州）—Lydia，have you decided which city to travel to,London or New York
—Not yet. Maybe I______London to meet my friends this time.
A.visit B.visited C.will visit D.was visiting
11.（2022 · 安 徽）—What are you saving money for
—Father's Day is around the corner. I_______a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy B.have bought C.bought D.was buying
12.（2022江西）Don’t leave your toys on the table,or I________them away.
A.threw B.will throw C.have thrown D.was throwing
13.（2022成都）In the future，vocational（职业的）students _______it easier to get jobs.
A.found B.have found C.will find D.are found
14.（2022 河北）Sorry，I______a mistake. Let me correct it.
A.will make B. am making C.was making D. have made
15.（2022*福建）Since 2021，our school______all kinds of after-school services for students.
A. provides B. is providing C. has provided D.provided
16.（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）So far，red tourism（旅游业）______quickly and it's becoming more and more popular.
A.developed B. will develop C.has developed D.develops
17.（2022·四川遂宁）—You dance so well，Alice.
—Thanks.I_______Chinese dance since I was 5 years old.
A.learn B.learnt C.am learning D.have learnt
18.（2022 武汉）— Congratulations !You______big progress in the last three years.
—Thank you,Mr.Li.I’ll never forget the good times in Junior High.
A.make B.made C.have made D.will make
19.（2022 四川达州）——Bruce_____so much in the past two years.
—Yeah,he_______be shy,but now he is confident and active.
has changed;used to B.changed;is used to C.changed;used to D.has changed;is used to
20.（2022·河北）At this time yesterday，I _______a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.am taking D. will take
21.（2022，四川乐山）—Jane，I called you last night but nobody answered.
—Oh,my parents and I______a walk in the park at that time.
A.are taking B.were taking C.have taken D. was taking
22.(2022 ·四川广元）I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I_______ music.
A.listen to B.listened to C. was listening to D. am listening to
23.（2022·湖北十堰）When the teacher got into the classroom, Xiaoming_____ a novel.
A.read B.reads C.is reading D. was reading
24.（2022江苏宿迁）—Andy，what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon
—I______the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister.
A.watch B.watched C.was watching D.am watching
语态
考点一：被动语态的构成（be done）
时态 主动 被动 标志词
一般现在时 是否变三单 am/is/are done always,often,usually,sometimes,every day, on Sundays ,every year
一般过去时 变过去式 was/were done just now,yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in the old days ...
一般将来时 will+do will be done tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in two hours, in 2025,one day,主将从现(if, unless,as soon as，until ...)
现在进行时 be doing be being done now, right now, Look, Listen, Be quiet , / It’s 8 o’clock. / Where is Linda
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done for，since，already，yet，ever，so far ，recently, in the last/past few years , twice/three times(次数), 有表示现在心里状况或处境的句子(有用的废话)。
过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were being done at that time, at this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning...
过去将来时 would do would be+done 常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句。
过去完成时 had done had been +done by the time,before,until,when等引导的从句作为时间状语
考点二：主动语态变被动语态的步骤
①将主动语态的宾语（人称代词宾格变成主格）放在句首；
②将谓语变成相应时态的被动语态形式；
③如有必要，将主动语态的主语变为by短语，原主语如果是人称代词要变成宾格形式。
主动句：They planted a tree.
被动句：A tree was planted by them.
考点三：被动语态的特殊结构
1.主动语态中有些感官动词（hear,see,watch,notice等）以及使役动词（make等）后用不带to的动词不定时做宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把动词不定时符号to还原。
主动语态：see sb do sth 被动语态：sb be seen to do sth
2.不能用于被动语态的词：
①连系动词：如look,feel,smell等，用主动形式表示被动语态。
如： The flower smells sweet.
②英语中有很多词，如break,catch,write,sell,open,read,wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语的特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动含义，主语通常是物。
如： The books sell well.
③表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词，如happen,last,take place,break out,come out,run out等以主动形式表示被动含义。
如：The story happened on a cold night.
好题交流：
1.（2022·江苏无锡）UNICEF，part of the United Nations,______ in Europe in 1946 after World War Ⅱ.
A. set up B. was set up C. took up D. was taken up
2.（2022·湖北鄂州）—The Law on Family Education Promotion（家庭教育促进法）_____on Oct.23,2021.
—Yeah! It came into effect（生效）on Jan.1,2022.
A.passes B. was passed C. passed D. pass
3.（2022黑龙江龙东）I am happy I______to be the monitor of our class by my classmates.
A. choose B. chose C.was chosed D.was chosen
4.（2022·湖南岳阳）The Communist Party of China's 20th National Congress（中共二十大）_____ in autumn this year.
A. was held B. is held C. will be held D. are going to be held
5.（2022·江苏扬州）—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes,it_____ by our school green club to protect forests.
A.organizes B.organized C.was organized D. will be organized
6.（2022·江西）Mr.Smith created a new game. Soon all his students______ rules to play it.
A.teach B.taught C. are taught D. were taught
7.（2022·成都）Some groups______prizes on April 15,2022 by the Central Committee of the CYLC（共青团中央）.
A. were given B. were giving C. will be given D. are given
8.（2022·四川遂宁）—More and more high-technology products ______ in China.
—Yes, Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A. is making B,are making C. is made D. are made
9.（2022- 天津）A lot of birds________in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C. are protected D.protected
10.（2022·昆明）The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it _____to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C.is sent D.will be sent
11.His guitar ________ as a gift for him last week.
A.buys B.is bought C.bought D.was bought
综合填空A
（一）
eat,ride,hold,come true,watch
1.A football match between Class Two and Class Three ____________tomorrow.
2.Alice __________TV with her parents at eight every night.
3.We __________the horse and fed hens on my uncle's farm.
4.It's 6 p. m. Bob and Dale__________at the table.
5.—My cousin Henry is acting in a movie these days.
—Wow,his wish to be an actor__________!
（二）
pull down,run away,lay,fall,punish
1.The boy _________from his home quickly when the earthquake happened.
2.Sales _________by 10% in the past 3 months.
3.Be quiet! The white hen_________an egg.
4.The old building is too old and dangerous, It should____________.
5.If you break a traffic law, such as drunk driving, the police___________you.
（三）
weigh, progress, review, bring, celebrate
1.Mike___________his grandpa's birthday next Sunday.
2. A cow __________much more than a cat.
3.Could you please turn down the TV Your brother_________his lesson.
4.The technology__________rapidly in the past few years.
5.Tea ___________to Western countries in the 19th century.
（四）
feel, interview, pass, provide, invite
1.A reporter__________Mr. President, and they're talking about the education problems.
2.Mr.Green ____________to tomorrow's concert.
3.The hotel always _________good service for customers.
4. All of us _________the exam. How happy we are!
5.The water _________ cold when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
二．阅读
A
Cycads（苏铁）grow in warm places.They are tall and green all year round. Their leaves grow on the top and flowers seldom come out. Some have bright orange fruits. They usually need hundreds of years to grow into adult plants.
Cycads are facing problems now.In South Africa,the situation of cycads is getting terrible, but this has drawn little attention from the public.“In fact, there are 38 kinds of cycads in South Africa. Among them,2 kinds have disappeared since 2003 and 25 kinds are in great danger,”said a gardener.“Do you know what the loneliest plant is in the world It is Wood's Cycad. Someone found it in a forest in 1895.It is the only one of its kind.”
So what causes cycads to be in danger Surprisingly, the danger is from the people who love them most. These slow-growing adult cycads even sell for tens of thousands of dollars each. As time goes by, they have become a symbol （象征）of wealth and position（地位）in society.This makes cycad lovers want to own more. Cycad lovers buy and plant them in their private gardens. As a result, nearly all these cycads die because the living conditions have changed.
Recently, South African government has taken some actions to protect cycads from being stolen and traded. At the same time, people around the world should also work together to protect the plants.
1.The flowers of cycads come out once a year.
2.The cycad lovers cause cycads to be in danger.
3.The Wood's Cycad found in 1895 is the only one of its kind.
4.Cycads have become a symbol of luck and health.
5.The writer expects people to join together to save the plants.
B
The Spring Festival is the most important holiday for Chinese people. And watching The Spring Festival Gala （节目）is an important tradition for Chinese families. The Spring Festival Gala begins at 8∶00 p， m， on the Chinese New Year's Eve and lasts about 4 hours. It produces colorful programs, wonderful songs, dances, comedies and drama performances.1.______They think it's becoming more and more boring.
2.________I still can't forget that I pushed Mom to prepare dumplings early so that she wouldn't miss the gala.I also remember that Dad and I sat in front of the TV，waiting for our favorite comedians（喜剧演员）to appear on TV.At that time,everything at the gala was fashionable.Mom would make dresses that were similar to what the performers wore at the gala.3._______
However,fewer and fewer people watch the gala now.4.______ But I still watch it.It creates a chance for the whole family to share what they like. Grandpa puts his chopsticks down when Beijing Opera comes on. Dad and Mum laugh happily when their favorite comedians appear on the stage, and I can't help singing along with my favorite singers. 5.______ It has become a part of the Spring Festival—a magic seasoning（调味品）for the reunion dinner.
A.Twenty years ago,the gala brought my family lots of joy during the Spring Festival.
B.I think the gala is not just a show.
C.There are many kinds of rich and colorful activities during the Spring Festival.
D.The gala doesn't seem as popular as it did before.
E.However,many people have been complaining about the gala recently.
F.And Dad would record all the songs in order to listen to them over and over again.
三．完形填空
A
(2022·安徽)You never know where life will lead you.When I was a young boy,I got 1 up my nose one time.After that I 2 wanted to get in the water again.I thought swimming was not for me.
One day,I 3 my skateboard and broke my leg so badly,and the doctors said I could never really skateboard again.They said swimming was the only 4 that would be good for me.
Well,I gave it a 5 .Every week,I got a little 6 and hated swimming a little less.I worked at it so much that one day my high school swimming coach asked me to 7 the school team.You can imagine how that made me and my family feel 8 I was so afraid of the water before!
Much to everyone's surprise,I won third place in the city finals. 9 is a big part of my life now.You never know which road life will take you down.Look at me—a swimmer!
For this reason,I say: don't limit(限制) your 10 .And remember,life is a swimming pool.Jump in and start swimming! You might be surprised where you end up.
1.A.water B.sand C.juice D .air
2.A.still B.never C.also D.even
3.A.turned down B.looked at C.waited for D.fell off
4.A.exercise B.story C.housework D.journey
5.A.visit B.hand C.try D.call
6.A.better B.slower C.higher D.heavier
7.A.check B.catch C.join D.invite
8.A.or B.as C.if D.so
9.A.Skating B.Swimming C.Jumping D.Coaching
10.A.excuses B.praises C.words D.choices
B
(2022·新疆)A father and his son were happy when they saw flowers everywhere and the sky full of colorful kites of all kinds.It was the 1 Festival in Weifang,Shandong.The son wanted to fly a kite,too.The father bought a kite for him.
The son began to fly the kite.Soon,his kite was high up in the sky.After a while,the son said,“Father,it seems that the string(绳子) is 2 the kite from flying higher.If we cut it,it will be free and fly even 3 .Can we cut it ” The father cut the string off.The kite started to go higher.This made the little boy 4 .But then,slowly,the boy saw that the kite began to 5 .It soon fell to the ground.The son was surprised to see this.He asked his father,“I thought that 6 cutting the string,the kite would fly higher. 7 did it fall down ” The father explained,“The string was not stopping the kite from going higher,but was helping it 8 in the sky.Using the string,you helped the kite go up in the right direction.But when you cut the 9 ,it could no longer support the kite.”
We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing.But 10 ,these might be the things that support us the most.
1.A.Kite B.Water C.Lantern D.Spring
2.A.dropping B.having C.stopping D.catching
3.A.higher B.shorter C.slower D.quicker
4.A.excited B.bored C.worried D.scared
5.A.run away B.go up C.come true D.fall down
6.A.before B.after C.so D.since
7.A.Who B.When C.Why D.Where
8.A.jump B.stay C.get D.make
9.A.paper B.tree C.grass D.string
10.A.in total B.in fact C.by the way D.what's more
阅读表达
Passage 1
(2022·湖南衡阳)In July,2021,China introduced the “double reduction” policy.It is expected to lower students' learning pressure by reducing homework and after-school classes.
According to the policy,students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 should have no written exams.Also,students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam for every term.Middle schools are allowed to organize one test in the middle of the term and one at the end.
Some schools have organized too many tests that are too difficult.As a result,students have to study hard all the time and they have been under a lot of stress.It has been harmful to students' mental(心理的) and physical health and it must be changed.
According to the policy,schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests.Also schools should make sure the difficulty of the tests does not go above the national teaching plan.The exam should pay more attention to basic knowledge and skills,and the number of questions based on rote(死记硬背) learning should be reduced.
At the same time,the exam results should be divided into four to five grades without giving the scores.The exam results will no longer be announced in public.Instead,schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.The exam results can't also be used to decide which class a student will be in or where he should sit in class,the policy added.
1.When was the policy introduced
2.Too much stress is harmful to students' mental and physical health,isn't it
3.According to Paragraph 4,what should be reduced in exams
4.How should schools tell parents and students the exam results
5.What do you think of the policy
第3课时 并列句和复合句
考点一：并列句
1,由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。其基本结构是"简单句+并列连词+简单句"。
如：John was very poor,but he was very happy.
2.不同的并列连词表示并列分句之间的不同关系.
并列概念 and ,not only…but also…,neither…nor…,as well as等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示平行关系、顺接关系、对照关系、先后关系、递进关系.前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系.
两者之间选择一个 or,otherwise（否则，不然）,either…or…等
矛盾、相反或者转折 but,yet,however,while(而)等
原因或理由 for
结果 so
考点二：状语从句
1.定义：用作状语的从句叫做状语从句，引导状语从句的关联词是某些从属连词，其在句子的位置可以置于句首、句末或句中。
2.分类：根据它表达的意思可分为：时间，条件，原因，结果，目的，让步，地点，方式，比较等
类型 引导词 例句
时间 when, while, before, after, till/ until, as soon as ，as（当…时,一边…,一边…）, since, by the time 等 I’ll write it down before I forget it. We didn’t leave until the rain stopped. As the day went on, the weather got worse.
条件 if, unless, so/as long as 等 We won’t wait for him, unless he comes before 12o’clock.
原因 because（强调原因）, as/since（结果）, for（补充说明，书面语） 等 As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman.
结果 so ...that..., such... that...等 He is so young that he can’t go to work.
目的 so that，in order that等 He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.
让步 though, although, even though/ if 等 Though he was ill, he was still working.
比较 than，as…as，the more… the more等 That book is more interesting than this one.
方式 as, as if /though（好似） 等 You can do it as what I just did.
考点三：宾语从句
1.定义：置于动词，介词等词性后起起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
2.三大考点：语序、引导词、时态。
(1)语序：陈述句语序（连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 ）
(2)词引导： ①由that 引导，表示陈述意义 that 可省略。 He says (that) he is at home. ②由if ，whether 引导 表示 “是否”。 I don’ t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. ③由疑问词引导（what,who,where,why,how等）。 Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting
(3)时态 ①当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 . ②当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时，过去完成时) . He said (that) he was at home. She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. ③当从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态仍为一般现在时. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
3.当主句是一般现在时，主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose（认为）时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
如：I don't think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。
4.只能用whether不能用if的情况：
①和or not连用，构成固定搭配。
②前面有介词
③后面有不定时to do
④引导主语从句和表语从句. The question is whether he will agree to the matter.
考点四：定语从句
1.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
e.g. The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
上面例句中的man是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。
2.who, that, which是引导定语从句的关系代词。
关系词常有三个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分
①who指人,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 ②which指物,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 ③that既可以指人也可以指物,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 那些正在踢足球的男孩子是一班的。 Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys. 足球是一项大部分男孩子都喜欢的运动。
3.关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。
The man (who/that) you met just now is my friend.
①先行词是指物的不定代词如all, much, little, everything, nothing等时，或先行词被不定代词all, few, little, much, very, some, no等修饰时. That’s all that I have seen and heard. ②先行词被the very, the same, the last，the only等限定词修饰时. This is the very dictionary that is of great help. ③先行词既指人又指物时. The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .
4.关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况
一．单选
1.（2018青岛）—I don't know_________tomorrow.
—You can ask our teacher right now.
A.if we take the bus there B. when will we leave
C.what will we do D.how we will go there
2.（2019青岛）—Could you tell me_______tomorrow
—It will be sunny.
A. what will the weather be like B. what the weather will be like
C. when will the weather be sunny D. when the weather will be sunny non
3.（2020·青岛）—Lily，could you tell me______
—About ten minutes.
how far is it from your home to school B. how far it is from your home to school
C.how long does it take you to walk to school D. how long it takes you to walk to school
4.（2021·青岛）—I wonder______.
—Why not
that you'd like to come with us B. whether you'd like to come with us
C. when would you like to come with us D. how would you like to come with us
5.（2022·青岛）——I am new here.Can you_________my classmates
tell me
—Try to be warm-hearted and ready to help others.
where I can get on well with B. whether I can get on well with
C. when I can get on well with D.how I can get on well with
6.（2022·江苏无锡）—There will be a robot on show in our school next week.
—Really I wonder________.
A. what it likes B. what it is like C. what does it like D. what is it like
7.（2022·海南）—Have you decided_______the children in the poor area
—By sending them books and schoolbags.
A. how you will help B.how will you help C.when you will help D. when will you help
8.（2022·武汉）—Can you tell me________
—To get practical skills.
A. what do you learn about safety B. when do you have the art festival
C.how you balance your studies and hobbies D. why you learn cooking at school
9.（2022·江苏扬州）—Excuse me，could you tell me______
—You can take No.6 bus there. It's about15 minutes’ ride.
A.how far is the Slender West Lake B.how far the Slender West Lake is
C.how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake
10.(2022 ·四川泸州）—Could you tell me______for the fruit
—You can just pay on the phone.
A.how much will I pay B. how will I pay C.how much I will pay D. how I will pay
11.1.This is one of the most interesting cities_______ I have ever visited.
A.who B.that C.whose D.which
12. _______ we didn't win the basketball game， we were satisfied with our hard work.
A.If B.Though C.Since D.Because
13.—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer the movies ______ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that give C.what give D.who gives
14.—A little monkey might feel sad because of having a new baby sister or brother!
—Yeah.I didn't know that ______ I saw the film Born in China.
A.when B.until C.since D.although
15.Work hard,_______you'll pass the English exam next time.
A.or B.but C.though D.and
16.If you are down， you can find someone______ you trust to talk to.Then you'll feel much better.
A.whom B.whose C.which D.what
完型
Nowadays,many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the_1_is very busy. So sometimes 2 is not easy for people to get to work on time.When you are going to be late，you only dream of taking a plane there.Can your dream 3 ？
Yes! You can take a plane only in months!
Four engineers in Germany are 4 in making planes.They are making a new plane,Lilium jet.It doesn't look like a plane 5 an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great “egg”can take two people to the sky and 6 three hundred kilometers in one hour. That's really great.
Some people call Lilium jet“a flying car”.Why Firstly,it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it.People can drive it just like driving a car.But it it can go 7 and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big,only a quarter of a plane.So it doesn't need an airport.Only a small place is OK.It can stop 8__.In the future,the"flying car”will come into people’s life and 9 our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10 you want to make your trip easy and funny,why not buy one I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
1.A.traffic B.sky C.train
2.A.this B.that C.it
3.A.come on B.come back C.come true
4.A.bored B.interested C.disappointed
5.A.but B.and C.so
6.A.walk B.swim C.fly
7.A.slower B.faster C. earlier
8.A.where B.nowhere C.anywhere
9.A.change B.find C.lose
10.A.Unless B.If C.Whether
三．阅读
Edward Allen always hated living in Los Angeles. Everything was too expensive;traffic was always bad;people were not friendly. Edward never wanted to live in a big city. He always wanted to live somewhere in a small town, where everyone knew everyone. It was his dream.
The day after his 26th birthday,he called his friend Lisa,who had moved to a small town in Iowa. He asked her how it was like over there, She told him that he would love it. It's quiet and peaceful; people are friendly. Edward made up his mind;he was going to move to this little town.His parents supported his decision and he would leave in a week.
Lisa had helped Edward get a job where she worked, and she told Edward he could stay with her and her roommate until he found a house. Edward was thankful. When he showed up,he immediately started working.He liked his job,but he found it a bit boring at times.He was a waiter at a cafe. He liked the pie at the restaurant,so it wasn't all bad.
After he worked for two months,he told Lisa that he couldn't stand it anymore. He wanted to go back to the city.Lisa laughed and said,"You have always hated the city, but now you're running back to it " Edward didn't think living in a small town would be so boring.“The boredom alone will drive me mad,Lisa,"Edward said as he started packing his things.
1.What was Edward's dream
A.To make much money. B.To live in a small town. C.To live in a big city. D. To make lots of friends.
2.We can learn from Paragraph2 that Lisa suggested that _____.
A.Edward could come to the town B.Edward couldn't come to the town
C.Edward should listen to his parents D.Edward should work for money
3.According to Paragraph 3,what do you think of Lisa
A. She is careful. B.She is beautiful. C.She is very kind. D. She is very clever.
4. Edward wanted to leave the town because______.
A.he didn't have any friends there B.he couldn't make enough money
C.the job made him feel too tired D.living in a small town was too boring
5.The best title of the passage is___________.
A.A Big City and a Small Town B.A Beautiful Girl and a Handsome Boy
C.Edward Loves a Small Town D.Edward Loves a Big City
四．综合填空A
（一）
translate , invent, remain，rise，interview,
1. —Where is our reporter
—He___________the movie star at the TV station.
2. The teacher told us that the sun_________in the east every day.
3. The old building___________there if it is protected well.
4. Her books _________into 24 languages in the past ten years.
5. Do you know that potato chips__________by mistakes
（二）
ring , list , take place , mention , remain
1. You can buy the cheapest things as long as their prices__________.
2.When the teacher asked him why he was late,he just___________silent.
3.Great changes ___________in our hometown in the last ten years.
4.I believe the teacher____________the coming competition soon.
5.— Listen! The telephone __________. Please go and answer it.
五．阅读表达
Sophie Chen is a girl from Taiwan Province， China.When she was 6 years old， she did something amazing.She finished a 2，100-kilometer bike journey from Xi'an， the capital city of Shaanxi， to Turpan，a city in Xinjiang， with her parents.It took them two and a half months.Sophie became the youngest child in the world to have biked along the Silk Road.Chinese novel Journey to the West inspired her to do so.
That is not all.Sophie wrote a book about the long journey with her father Jack Chen， a professional outdoor explorer.On April 26th，the book's English version(版本) Biking the Silk Road： 6-year-old Sophie's Fantasy Tour came out in Beijing.
Sophie sees the journey as a special experience in her life.She became more hardworking and learned history and geography better because of it.
On the way， she met many friendly local people and saw amazing things.She even picked grapes!“The grapes in Xinjiang were so big and sweet.I have never seen grapes like them in Taiwan Province，” she said.
Still， it was not easy.“The biggest challenge was the bad weather and road conditions，”she said.She wrote in the book， “It was terribly hot in the Gobi Desert.I almost got sunstroke and could never have enough to drink.”
Sophie has biked in other countries， such as the United States and Turkey.She plans to ride a bike all over the world.
1.回答问题：How long is Sophie's bike journey
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2.回答问题：What was the biggest challenge on Sophie's journey
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3.根据短文内容，用合适的词填空。
The underlined word “sunstroke” probably means “ ___________ ” in Chinese.
4.将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5.给短文拟一个合适的标题。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
时态
考点一：一般现在时
1.用法：
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。常见的时间标志词包含 often， sometimes， usually， always， on Sundays， every day/week/month/year 等。
如：I drink milk every day.
(2)表示普遍真理、客观存在或科学事实。
如：The moon moves around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。
(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力。
如：John likes hamburgers.
“主将从现”原则。 主句是一般将来时，从句是由when， after， before， not...until， as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句或由if， unless， as long as， once引导的条件状语从句时，从句用一般现在时。
如：I will tell you as soon as I know the result. 我一知道结果就告诉你。
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
be动词 am/is/are + not Be动词提前，放于句首
行为动词 don’t/doesn’t + do（动词原形） Do/Does +主语 +do（动词原形）+其他？
3.动词第三人称单数形式变化规则：
规律 例词
一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。) play→plays leave→leaves swim→swims
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。 pass →passes fix→fixes teach→teaches wish→wishes do→does
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i,再加es,读/z/ study→studies carry→carries fly→flies
考点二：现在进行时
1.用法：
(1) 现在进行时表示现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。 常用时间标志词：now, right now, Look, Listen, Be quiet , / It’s 8 o’clock. / Where is Linda / at the moment / all the time / these days.
如：They are working these days. They are talking now.
(2)表示位移的动词，如come, go, leave, start, arrive等，其现在进行时可以表示将来。
如：I am coming.
与always, all the time等连用，表示某种强烈的感情，多为赞美或发牢骚。
如：They are always watching TV.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
be+现在分词 （am/is/are+doing） be+not+现在分词（am/is/are+not+doing） be提前，置于句首
3.现在分词变化规则：
规律 例词
一般动词直接在词后加-ing read – reading work – working think – thinking
以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，应先去掉 e 然后加 – ing like – liking take – taking leave – leaving
重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ing stop – stopping begin – beginning swim – swimming run – running sit – sitting
以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying
考点三：一般将来时
1.用法：
(1)表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态.常用时间标志词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in two hours, in 2025.
如： kids will study at home on computers in ten years.
(2)在when,after,before,until,as soon as,if,unless等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
如：If they come, we will have a meeting.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
am/is/are going to+do am/is/are not going to+do am/is/are提前，置于句首
Will+do won’t+do will提前，置于句首
考点四：过去将来时
1.用法：
表示以过去某一时间为参照，在过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句。
如：I thought it was going to be fun.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
was/were going to+do was/were not going to+do was/were提前，置于句首
would+do wouldn’t+do Would提前，置于句首
考点五：一般过去时
1.用法：
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。常用时间标志词：just now,yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in the old days .
如：Last week we visited the Science Museum.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
Be动词（was,were） was/were + not was或were放于句首
行为动词（过去式） didn't + do Did+主语+do+其他？
3.规则动词过去式的变化规律：
规律 例词
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。 look→looked play→played work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d like→liked live→lived hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed plan→planned stop→stopped drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed study→studied worry→worried cry→cried
考点六：现在完成时
1.用法：
(1)表示 动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响或结果。
常用时间标志词：yet, already, ever, so far,recently, lately, in the past/last few years,次数。
如：I’ve already read the book.
过去的动作一直延续至今并有可能持续下去，常以for+时间段,since+时间点等引导的时间状语为标志。
句中的动词需为延续性动词，非延续性动词需转化为相应的延续性动词。
borrow—keep , buy—have , arrive—be in, start/begin—be on, open—be open, close—be closed,
die—be dead, leave—be away from, get up—be up, fall asleep—be asleep, get married—be married
如：He has had the watch for a year.
have been to a place 到过、去过，表示曾到过某处（回来了）
have gone to a place 去了，已经去了某地（还没回）
2.基本结构：
基本机构 否定句 一般疑问句
have/has +过去分词 have/has + not +过去分词 have/has提前，置于句首
考点七：过去进行时
1.用法：
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。常用时间标志词：at this time yesterday, at that time，at 8:00 yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等
如：I was cooking breakfast when you arrived.
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
was/were+ doing was/were not + doing was/were提前，置于句首
考点八：过去完成时
1.用法：
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去。常用时间标志词：by the time,before,until,when等引导的从句作为时间状语。
-----|------------------ |--------------------|-------->
那时以前 那时 现在
如：By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. 等我回到学校的时候，上课铃已经响了。
2.基本结构：
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
had+过去分词 hadn’t+过去分词 had提前，置于句首
好题交流：
1.（2022·江苏泰州）COVID-19（新冠肺炎）______the world,and many people's life changes a lot.
A.influenced B.is influencing C.is influenced D. was influenced
2.（2022·昆明）—China's high-speed railway technology________the world now.
——That's true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A.led B. was leading C.is leading D.will lead
3.（2022·武汉）—I don't think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
—I ________. It's not safe.
A.agree B.agreed C.will agree D.had agreed
4.（2022·江苏扬州）Xia Sen________a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A.lives B.lived C.was living D.will live
5.（2022江西）—Sssh! Be quiet.I’m on the phone.
—Who_____you ______to,mom
A.do,speak B.are,speaking C.will,speak D. have, spoken
6.（2022·河北）John is waiting for me.We______to the bookstore together.
A.went B. have gone C. will go D.were going
7. (2022·江苏北路）The chief engineer announced that they______a space lab on the space station around the end of 2024.
A.have built B.had built C.will build D.would build
8.（2022·天津）We hope______a computer on every student's desk in the future.
A.there is B.there was C.there will be D. there has been
9.（2022·云南）How time flies!I_______a senior high school this September.
A.enter B.entered C.will enter D.have entered
10.（2022 · 浙江温州）—Lydia，have you decided which city to travel to,London or New York
—Not yet. Maybe I______London to meet my friends this time.
A.visit B.visited C.will visit D.was visiting
11.（2022 · 安 徽）—What are you saving money for
—Father's Day is around the corner. I_______a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy B.have bought C.bought D.was buying
12.（2022江西）Don’t leave your toys on the table,or I________them away.
A.threw B.will throw C.have thrown D.was throwing
13.（2022成都）In the future，vocational（职业的）students _______it easier to get jobs.
A.found B.have found C.will find D.are found
14.（2022 河北）Sorry，I______a mistake. Let me correct it.
A.will make B. am making C.was making D. have made
15.（2022*福建）Since 2021，our school______all kinds of after-school services for students.
A. provides B. is providing C. has provided D.provided
16.（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）So far，red tourism（旅游业）______quickly and it's becoming more and more popular.
A.developed B. will develop C.has developed D.develops
17.（2022·四川遂宁）—You dance so well，Alice.
—Thanks.I_______Chinese dance since I was 5 years old.
A.learn B.learnt C.am learning D.have learnt
18.（2022 武汉）— Congratulations !You______big progress in the last three years.
—Thank you,Mr.Li.I’ll never forget the good times in Junior High.
A.make B.made C.have made D.will make
19.（2022 四川达州）——Bruce_____so much in the past two years.
—Yeah,he_______be shy,but now he is confident and active.
has changed;used to B.changed;is used to C.changed;used to D.has changed;is used to
20.（2022·河北）At this time yesterday，I _______a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.am taking D. will take
21.（2022，四川乐山）—Jane，I called you last night but nobody answered.
—Oh,my parents and I______a walk in the park at that time.
A.are taking B.were taking C.have taken D. was taking
22.(2022 ·四川广元）I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I_______ music.
A.listen to B.listened to C. was listening to D. am listening to
23.（2022·湖北十堰）When the teacher got into the classroom, Xiaoming_____ a novel.
A.read B.reads C.is reading D. was reading
24.（2022江苏宿迁）—Andy，what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon
—I______the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister.
A.watch B.watched C.was watching D.am watching
语态
考点一：被动语态的构成（be done）
时态 主动 被动 标志词
一般现在时 是否变三单 am/is/are done always,often,usually,sometimes,every day, on Sundays ,every year
一般过去时 变过去式 was/were done just now,yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in the old days ...
一般将来时 will+do will be done tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in two hours, in 2025,one day,主将从现(if, unless,as soon as，until ...)
现在进行时 be doing be being done now, right now, Look, Listen, Be quiet , / It’s 8 o’clock. / Where is Linda
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done for，since，already，yet，ever，so far ，recently, in the last/past few years , twice/three times(次数), 有表示现在心里状况或处境的句子(有用的废话)。
过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were being done at that time, at this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning...
过去将来时 would do would be+done 常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句。
过去完成时 had done had been +done by the time,before,until,when等引导的从句作为时间状语
考点二：主动语态变被动语态的步骤
①将主动语态的宾语（人称代词宾格变成主格）放在句首；
②将谓语变成相应时态的被动语态形式；
③如有必要，将主动语态的主语变为by短语，原主语如果是人称代词要变成宾格形式。
主动句：They planted a tree.
被动句：A tree was planted by them.
考点三：被动语态的特殊结构
1.主动语态中有些感官动词（hear,see,watch,notice等）以及使役动词（make等）后用不带to的动词不定时做宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把动词不定时符号to还原。
主动语态：see sb do sth 被动语态：sb be seen to do sth
2.不能用于被动语态的词：
①连系动词：如look,feel,smell等，用主动形式表示被动语态。
如： The flower smells sweet.
②英语中有很多词，如break,catch,write,sell,open,read,wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语的特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动含义，主语通常是物。
如： The books sell well.
③表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词，如happen,last,take place,break out,come out,run out等以主动形式表示被动含义。
如：The story happened on a cold night.
好题交流：
1.（2022·江苏无锡）UNICEF，part of the United Nations,______ in Europe in 1946 after World War Ⅱ.
A. set up B. was set up C. took up D. was taken up
2.（2022·湖北鄂州）—The Law on Family Education Promotion（家庭教育促进法）_____on Oct.23,2021.
—Yeah! It came into effect（生效）on Jan.1,2022.
A.passes B. was passed C. passed D. pass
3.（2022黑龙江龙东）I am happy I______to be the monitor of our class by my classmates.
A. choose B. chose C.was chosed D.was chosen
4.（2022·湖南岳阳）The Communist Party of China's 20th National Congress（中共二十大）_____ in autumn this year.
A. was held B. is held C. will be held D. are going to be held
5.（2022·江苏扬州）—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes,it_____ by our school green club to protect forests.
A.organizes B.organized C.was organized D. will be organized
6.（2022·江西）Mr.Smith created a new game. Soon all his students______ rules to play it.
A.teach B.taught C. are taught D. were taught
7.（2022·成都）Some groups______prizes on April 15,2022 by the Central Committee of the CYLC（共青团中央）.
A. were given B. were giving C. will be given D. are given
8.（2022·四川遂宁）—More and more high-technology products ______ in China.
—Yes, Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A. is making B,are making C. is made D. are made
9.（2022- 天津）A lot of birds________in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C. are protected D.protected
10.（2022·昆明）The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it _____to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C.is sent D.will be sent
11.His guitar ________ as a gift for him last week.
A.buys B.is bought C.bought D.was bought
综合填空A
（一）
eat,ride,hold,come true,watch
1.A football match between Class Two and Class Three ____________tomorrow.
2.Alice __________TV with her parents at eight every night.
3.We __________the horse and fed hens on my uncle's farm.
4.It's 6 p. m. Bob and Dale__________at the table.
5.—My cousin Henry is acting in a movie these days.
—Wow,his wish to be an actor__________!
（二）
pull down,run away,lay,fall,punish
1.The boy _________from his home quickly when the earthquake happened.
2.Sales _________by 10% in the past 3 months.
3.Be quiet! The white hen_________an egg.
4.The old building is too old and dangerous, It should____________.
5.If you break a traffic law, such as drunk driving, the police___________you.
（三）
weigh, progress, review, bring, celebrate
1.Mike___________his grandpa's birthday next Sunday.
2. A cow __________much more than a cat.
3.Could you please turn down the TV Your brother_________his lesson.
4.The technology__________rapidly in the past few years.
5.Tea ___________to Western countries in the 19th century.
（四）
feel, interview, pass, provide, invite
1.A reporter__________Mr. President, and they're talking about the education problems.
2.Mr.Green ____________to tomorrow's concert.
3.The hotel always _________good service for customers.
4. All of us _________the exam. How happy we are!
5.The water _________ cold when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
二．阅读
A
Cycads（苏铁）grow in warm places.They are tall and green all year round. Their leaves grow on the top and flowers seldom come out. Some have bright orange fruits. They usually need hundreds of years to grow into adult plants.
Cycads are facing problems now.In South Africa,the situation of cycads is getting terrible, but this has drawn little attention from the public.“In fact, there are 38 kinds of cycads in South Africa. Among them,2 kinds have disappeared since 2003 and 25 kinds are in great danger,”said a gardener.“Do you know what the loneliest plant is in the world It is Wood's Cycad. Someone found it in a forest in 1895.It is the only one of its kind.”
So what causes cycads to be in danger Surprisingly, the danger is from the people who love them most. These slow-growing adult cycads even sell for tens of thousands of dollars each. As time goes by, they have become a symbol （象征）of wealth and position（地位）in society.This makes cycad lovers want to own more. Cycad lovers buy and plant them in their private gardens. As a result, nearly all these cycads die because the living conditions have changed.
Recently, South African government has taken some actions to protect cycads from being stolen and traded. At the same time, people around the world should also work together to protect the plants.
1.The flowers of cycads come out once a year.
2.The cycad lovers cause cycads to be in danger.
3.The Wood's Cycad found in 1895 is the only one of its kind.
4.Cycads have become a symbol of luck and health.
5.The writer expects people to join together to save the plants.
B
The Spring Festival is the most important holiday for Chinese people. And watching The Spring Festival Gala （节目）is an important tradition for Chinese families. The Spring Festival Gala begins at 8∶00 p， m， on the Chinese New Year's Eve and lasts about 4 hours. It produces colorful programs, wonderful songs, dances, comedies and drama performances.1.______They think it's becoming more and more boring.
2.________I still can't forget that I pushed Mom to prepare dumplings early so that she wouldn't miss the gala.I also remember that Dad and I sat in front of the TV，waiting for our favorite comedians（喜剧演员）to appear on TV.At that time,everything at the gala was fashionable.Mom would make dresses that were similar to what the performers wore at the gala.3._______
However,fewer and fewer people watch the gala now.4.______ But I still watch it.It creates a chance for the whole family to share what they like. Grandpa puts his chopsticks down when Beijing Opera comes on. Dad and Mum laugh happily when their favorite comedians appear on the stage, and I can't help singing along with my favorite singers. 5.______ It has become a part of the Spring Festival—a magic seasoning（调味品）for the reunion dinner.
A.Twenty years ago,the gala brought my family lots of joy during the Spring Festival.
B.I think the gala is not just a show.
C.There are many kinds of rich and colorful activities during the Spring Festival.
D.The gala doesn't seem as popular as it did before.
E.However,many people have been complaining about the gala recently.
F.And Dad would record all the songs in order to listen to them over and over again.
三．完形填空
A
(2022·安徽)You never know where life will lead you.When I was a young boy,I got 1 up my nose one time.After that I 2 wanted to get in the water again.I thought swimming was not for me.
One day,I 3 my skateboard and broke my leg so badly,and the doctors said I could never really skateboard again.They said swimming was the only 4 that would be good for me.
Well,I gave it a 5 .Every week,I got a little 6 and hated swimming a little less.I worked at it so much that one day my high school swimming coach asked me to 7 the school team.You can imagine how that made me and my family feel 8 I was so afraid of the water before!
Much to everyone's surprise,I won third place in the city finals. 9 is a big part of my life now.You never know which road life will take you down.Look at me—a swimmer!
For this reason,I say: don't limit(限制) your 10 .And remember,life is a swimming pool.Jump in and start swimming! You might be surprised where you end up.
1.A.water B.sand C.juice D .air
2.A.still B.never C.also D.even
3.A.turned down B.looked at C.waited for D.fell off
4.A.exercise B.story C.housework D.journey
5.A.visit B.hand C.try D.call
6.A.better B.slower C.higher D.heavier
7.A.check B.catch C.join D.invite
8.A.or B.as C.if D.so
9.A.Skating B.Swimming C.Jumping D.Coaching
10.A.excuses B.praises C.words D.choices
B
(2022·新疆)A father and his son were happy when they saw flowers everywhere and the sky full of colorful kites of all kinds.It was the 1 Festival in Weifang,Shandong.The son wanted to fly a kite,too.The father bought a kite for him.
The son began to fly the kite.Soon,his kite was high up in the sky.After a while,the son said,“Father,it seems that the string(绳子) is 2 the kite from flying higher.If we cut it,it will be free and fly even 3 .Can we cut it ” The father cut the string off.The kite started to go higher.This made the little boy 4 .But then,slowly,the boy saw that the kite began to 5 .It soon fell to the ground.The son was surprised to see this.He asked his father,“I thought that 6 cutting the string,the kite would fly higher. 7 did it fall down ” The father explained,“The string was not stopping the kite from going higher,but was helping it 8 in the sky.Using the string,you helped the kite go up in the right direction.But when you cut the 9 ,it could no longer support the kite.”
We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing.But 10 ,these might be the things that support us the most.
1.A.Kite B.Water C.Lantern D.Spring
2.A.dropping B.having C.stopping D.catching
3.A.higher B.shorter C.slower D.quicker
4.A.excited B.bored C.worried D.scared
5.A.run away B.go up C.come true D.fall down
6.A.before B.after C.so D.since
7.A.Who B.When C.Why D.Where
8.A.jump B.stay C.get D.make
9.A.paper B.tree C.grass D.string
10.A.in total B.in fact C.by the way D.what's more
阅读表达
Passage 1
(2022·湖南衡阳)In July,2021,China introduced the “double reduction” policy.It is expected to lower students' learning pressure by reducing homework and after-school classes.
According to the policy,students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 should have no written exams.Also,students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam for every term.Middle schools are allowed to organize one test in the middle of the term and one at the end.
Some schools have organized too many tests that are too difficult.As a result,students have to study hard all the time and they have been under a lot of stress.It has been harmful to students' mental(心理的) and physical health and it must be changed.
According to the policy,schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests.Also schools should make sure the difficulty of the tests does not go above the national teaching plan.The exam should pay more attention to basic knowledge and skills,and the number of questions based on rote(死记硬背) learning should be reduced.
At the same time,the exam results should be divided into four to five grades without giving the scores.The exam results will no longer be announced in public.Instead,schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.The exam results can't also be used to decide which class a student will be in or where he should sit in class,the policy added.
1.When was the policy introduced
2.Too much stress is harmful to students' mental and physical health,isn't it
3.According to Paragraph 4,what should be reduced in exams
4.How should schools tell parents and students the exam results
5.What do you think of the policy
第3课时 并列句和复合句
考点一：并列句
1,由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。其基本结构是"简单句+并列连词+简单句"。
如：John was very poor,but he was very happy.
2.不同的并列连词表示并列分句之间的不同关系.
并列概念 and ,not only…but also…,neither…nor…,as well as等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示平行关系、顺接关系、对照关系、先后关系、递进关系.前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系.
两者之间选择一个 or,otherwise（否则，不然）,either…or…等
矛盾、相反或者转折 but,yet,however,while(而)等
原因或理由 for
结果 so
考点二：状语从句
1.定义：用作状语的从句叫做状语从句，引导状语从句的关联词是某些从属连词，其在句子的位置可以置于句首、句末或句中。
2.分类：根据它表达的意思可分为：时间，条件，原因，结果，目的，让步，地点，方式，比较等
类型 引导词 例句
时间 when, while, before, after, till/ until, as soon as ，as（当…时,一边…,一边…）, since, by the time 等 I’ll write it down before I forget it. We didn’t leave until the rain stopped. As the day went on, the weather got worse.
条件 if, unless, so/as long as 等 We won’t wait for him, unless he comes before 12o’clock.
原因 because（强调原因）, as/since（结果）, for（补充说明，书面语） 等 As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman.
结果 so ...that..., such... that...等 He is so young that he can’t go to work.
目的 so that，in order that等 He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.
让步 though, although, even though/ if 等 Though he was ill, he was still working.
比较 than，as…as，the more… the more等 That book is more interesting than this one.
方式 as, as if /though（好似） 等 You can do it as what I just did.
考点三：宾语从句
1.定义：置于动词，介词等词性后起起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
2.三大考点：语序、引导词、时态。
(1)语序：陈述句语序（连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 ）
(2)词引导： ①由that 引导，表示陈述意义 that 可省略。 He says (that) he is at home. ②由if ，whether 引导 表示 “是否”。 I don’ t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. ③由疑问词引导（what,who,where,why,how等）。 Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting
(3)时态 ①当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 . ②当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时，过去完成时) . He said (that) he was at home. She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. ③当从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态仍为一般现在时. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
3.当主句是一般现在时，主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose（认为）时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
如：I don't think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。
4.只能用whether不能用if的情况：
①和or not连用，构成固定搭配。
②前面有介词
③后面有不定时to do
④引导主语从句和表语从句. The question is whether he will agree to the matter.
考点四：定语从句
1.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
e.g. The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
上面例句中的man是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。
2.who, that, which是引导定语从句的关系代词。
关系词常有三个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分
①who指人,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 ②which指物,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 ③that既可以指人也可以指物,在句中可做主语,宾语，表语。 The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 那些正在踢足球的男孩子是一班的。 Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys. 足球是一项大部分男孩子都喜欢的运动。
3.关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。
The man (who/that) you met just now is my friend.
①先行词是指物的不定代词如all, much, little, everything, nothing等时，或先行词被不定代词all, few, little, much, very, some, no等修饰时. That’s all that I have seen and heard. ②先行词被the very, the same, the last，the only等限定词修饰时. This is the very dictionary that is of great help. ③先行词既指人又指物时. The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .
4.关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况
一．单选
1.（2018青岛）—I don't know_________tomorrow.
—You can ask our teacher right now.
A.if we take the bus there B. when will we leave
C.what will we do D.how we will go there
2.（2019青岛）—Could you tell me_______tomorrow
—It will be sunny.
A. what will the weather be like B. what the weather will be like
C. when will the weather be sunny D. when the weather will be sunny non
3.（2020·青岛）—Lily，could you tell me______
—About ten minutes.
how far is it from your home to school B. how far it is from your home to school
C.how long does it take you to walk to school D. how long it takes you to walk to school
4.（2021·青岛）—I wonder______.
—Why not
that you'd like to come with us B. whether you'd like to come with us
C. when would you like to come with us D. how would you like to come with us
5.（2022·青岛）——I am new here.Can you_________my classmates
tell me
—Try to be warm-hearted and ready to help others.
where I can get on well with B. whether I can get on well with
C. when I can get on well with D.how I can get on well with
6.（2022·江苏无锡）—There will be a robot on show in our school next week.
—Really I wonder________.
A. what it likes B. what it is like C. what does it like D. what is it like
7.（2022·海南）—Have you decided_______the children in the poor area
—By sending them books and schoolbags.
A. how you will help B.how will you help C.when you will help D. when will you help
8.（2022·武汉）—Can you tell me________
—To get practical skills.
A. what do you learn about safety B. when do you have the art festival
C.how you balance your studies and hobbies D. why you learn cooking at school
9.（2022·江苏扬州）—Excuse me，could you tell me______
—You can take No.6 bus there. It's about15 minutes’ ride.
A.how far is the Slender West Lake B.how far the Slender West Lake is
C.how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake
10.(2022 ·四川泸州）—Could you tell me______for the fruit
—You can just pay on the phone.
A.how much will I pay B. how will I pay C.how much I will pay D. how I will pay
11.1.This is one of the most interesting cities_______ I have ever visited.
A.who B.that C.whose D.which
12. _______ we didn't win the basketball game， we were satisfied with our hard work.
A.If B.Though C.Since D.Because
13.—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer the movies ______ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that give C.what give D.who gives
14.—A little monkey might feel sad because of having a new baby sister or brother!
—Yeah.I didn't know that ______ I saw the film Born in China.
A.when B.until C.since D.although
15.Work hard,_______you'll pass the English exam next time.
A.or B.but C.though D.and
16.If you are down， you can find someone______ you trust to talk to.Then you'll feel much better.
A.whom B.whose C.which D.what
完型
Nowadays,many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the_1_is very busy. So sometimes 2 is not easy for people to get to work on time.When you are going to be late，you only dream of taking a plane there.Can your dream 3 ？
Yes! You can take a plane only in months!
Four engineers in Germany are 4 in making planes.They are making a new plane,Lilium jet.It doesn't look like a plane 5 an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great “egg”can take two people to the sky and 6 three hundred kilometers in one hour. That's really great.
Some people call Lilium jet“a flying car”.Why Firstly,it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it.People can drive it just like driving a car.But it it can go 7 and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big,only a quarter of a plane.So it doesn't need an airport.Only a small place is OK.It can stop 8__.In the future,the"flying car”will come into people’s life and 9 our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10 you want to make your trip easy and funny,why not buy one I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
1.A.traffic B.sky C.train
2.A.this B.that C.it
3.A.come on B.come back C.come true
4.A.bored B.interested C.disappointed
5.A.but B.and C.so
6.A.walk B.swim C.fly
7.A.slower B.faster C. earlier
8.A.where B.nowhere C.anywhere
9.A.change B.find C.lose
10.A.Unless B.If C.Whether
三．阅读
Edward Allen always hated living in Los Angeles. Everything was too expensive;traffic was always bad;people were not friendly. Edward never wanted to live in a big city. He always wanted to live somewhere in a small town, where everyone knew everyone. It was his dream.
The day after his 26th birthday,he called his friend Lisa,who had moved to a small town in Iowa. He asked her how it was like over there, She told him that he would love it. It's quiet and peaceful; people are friendly. Edward made up his mind;he was going to move to this little town.His parents supported his decision and he would leave in a week.
Lisa had helped Edward get a job where she worked, and she told Edward he could stay with her and her roommate until he found a house. Edward was thankful. When he showed up,he immediately started working.He liked his job,but he found it a bit boring at times.He was a waiter at a cafe. He liked the pie at the restaurant,so it wasn't all bad.
After he worked for two months,he told Lisa that he couldn't stand it anymore. He wanted to go back to the city.Lisa laughed and said,"You have always hated the city, but now you're running back to it " Edward didn't think living in a small town would be so boring.“The boredom alone will drive me mad,Lisa,"Edward said as he started packing his things.
1.What was Edward's dream
A.To make much money. B.To live in a small town. C.To live in a big city. D. To make lots of friends.
2.We can learn from Paragraph2 that Lisa suggested that _____.
A.Edward could come to the town B.Edward couldn't come to the town
C.Edward should listen to his parents D.Edward should work for money
3.According to Paragraph 3,what do you think of Lisa
A. She is careful. B.She is beautiful. C.She is very kind. D. She is very clever.
4. Edward wanted to leave the town because______.
A.he didn't have any friends there B.he couldn't make enough money
C.the job made him feel too tired D.living in a small town was too boring
5.The best title of the passage is___________.
A.A Big City and a Small Town B.A Beautiful Girl and a Handsome Boy
C.Edward Loves a Small Town D.Edward Loves a Big City
四．综合填空A
（一）
translate , invent, remain，rise，interview,
1. —Where is our reporter
—He___________the movie star at the TV station.
2. The teacher told us that the sun_________in the east every day.
3. The old building___________there if it is protected well.
4. Her books _________into 24 languages in the past ten years.
5. Do you know that potato chips__________by mistakes
（二）
ring , list , take place , mention , remain
1. You can buy the cheapest things as long as their prices__________.
2.When the teacher asked him why he was late,he just___________silent.
3.Great changes ___________in our hometown in the last ten years.
4.I believe the teacher____________the coming competition soon.
5.— Listen! The telephone __________. Please go and answer it.
五．阅读表达
Sophie Chen is a girl from Taiwan Province， China.When she was 6 years old， she did something amazing.She finished a 2，100-kilometer bike journey from Xi'an， the capital city of Shaanxi， to Turpan，a city in Xinjiang， with her parents.It took them two and a half months.Sophie became the youngest child in the world to have biked along the Silk Road.Chinese novel Journey to the West inspired her to do so.
That is not all.Sophie wrote a book about the long journey with her father Jack Chen， a professional outdoor explorer.On April 26th，the book's English version(版本) Biking the Silk Road： 6-year-old Sophie's Fantasy Tour came out in Beijing.
Sophie sees the journey as a special experience in her life.She became more hardworking and learned history and geography better because of it.
On the way， she met many friendly local people and saw amazing things.She even picked grapes!“The grapes in Xinjiang were so big and sweet.I have never seen grapes like them in Taiwan Province，” she said.
Still， it was not easy.“The biggest challenge was the bad weather and road conditions，”she said.She wrote in the book， “It was terribly hot in the Gobi Desert.I almost got sunstroke and could never have enough to drink.”
Sophie has biked in other countries， such as the United States and Turkey.She plans to ride a bike all over the world.
1.回答问题：How long is Sophie's bike journey
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2.回答问题：What was the biggest challenge on Sophie's journey
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3.根据短文内容，用合适的词填空。
The underlined word “sunstroke” probably means “ ___________ ” in Chinese.
4.将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5.给短文拟一个合适的标题。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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