课件48张PPT。My fantastic trip to Spain
【美文导读】
充满惊喜的西班牙之旅让Anna忍不住把所遇到的奇闻轶事都写信告诉她的好朋友Laura。我们也一起来分享一下她的快乐旅程吧！Dear Laura，
Here I am in Granada，Spain！Can you believe it？I'm sitting in a park near the house I'm staying in. The weather is beautiful! The sun is shining and it's just beginning to get warm. My host mother Rosa is very nice.She's much younger than I expected，and she lives with her five-year-old son Borja.He's so cute! Julie and I are staying in her apartment，along with two French girls and a boy from Michigan.The apartment is pretty crowded, but luckily I don't have to spend too much time there. I've spent the past few days exploring the town with Lauren and Caitlin.Yesterday we went to the Alhambra(西班牙格拉纳达的摩尔人王宫)，which was one of the most amazing things I've ever seen.It's a huge fortress(要塞) built hundreds of years ago by the Muslims(伊斯兰教徒) who once lived in Granada.There are gardens and fountains and intricate carvings all through the fortress.It's huge－I could have spent days in there!That night we went to see flamenco dancing(弗拉曼戈舞). I loved it！You should have seen the way those dancers moved.After that, we went to dinner in the central square.The food here is pretty good—they have lots of “tapas，”which means appetizers(开胃菜)．
It's great to be visiting a foreign country whose language I actually speak. It's hard though，because when-ever I have to talk to people I get nervous and forget everything.My Spanish is definitely getting better，though.
I had a great conversation with my host mother yesterday.We talked about politics, and it was so interesting to hear about her views. That's what I love about language：it allows people from completely different backgrounds to communicate with one another and to begin to understand each other.I love the culture here.The best part is the “siesta(午睡)”．Every afternoon，the shops close and everyone goes home to eat lunch and take a nap(小睡)．Then，they go back to work feeling completely refreshed! It's wonderful.I also love the fact that you can walk everywhere.
Lauren，Caitlin，and I are planning on going to the beach this weekend.It's supposed to rain，but I hope it doesn't！We also want to go horse riding in the mountains.I can't wait.I'll be sure to write again soon! I miss you.
Much love,
Anna【诱思导学】
1．Do you want to go to Spain after reading the letter? List the reasons (at least two)．
____________________
【答案】 Yes.Visiting the amazing thing the Alhambra; enjoying the wonderful food and flamenco dancing; practicing Spanish, etc.2．Do you have a nap after lunch? What do you think of the siesta?
____________________
【答案】 Yes. After a nap(siesta), I can get down to my work feeling completely refreshed.教师用书独具演示●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。●教学地位
复习和学习一些欧洲国家、首都和语言名称，学习介绍这些国家地理位置的英语表达，为进一步学习和表达其他国家和地区的地理位置打下基础。●新课导入建议
教师挂出欧洲地图，分别指出法、意、希等六国，要求学生试着说出英语名称，请个别会的同学回答，即导入新课。演示结束 Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P2的文章Great European Cities，完成下面表格【答案】 1.France 2.the Eiffel Tower；the Louvre 3．Spain 4.the Church of the Sagrada Familia 5.Italy 6．the Uffizi Palace 7.the Renaissance 8.Greece 9．the Parthenon 10.the birthplace of western civilizationⅡ.语篇理解
阅读P2的Reading and Vocabulary, 从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．The main purpose of the passage is ________.
A．to tell us some European cities and their characters
B．to describe some places of interest in Europe
C．to tell us some events and buildings that influenced Europe in history2．The paragraph of Florence mainly tells us ________.
A．many of Florence's most beautiful paintings were drawn by Leonardo da Vinci
B．There were some greatest painters of all time in Florence
C．Florence is famous for the Renaissance
3. Which city is known as the birthplace of western civilization?
A．Paris B．Florence C．Athens4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Athens was the world's most powerful city two thousand five hundred years ago.
B．Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the north west coast.
C．Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world situated on the River Seine.5．What is one of Barcelona's most famous landmarks?
A．The Eiffel Tower.
B．the Church of the Sagrada Familia.
C．The Uffizi Palace.
【答案】 1－5 A C C C BⅢ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写PARIS
Paris is the capital and largest city of France，1.________ the River Seine.The Eiffel Tower，the famous 2.________ of Paris and one of the world's largest art galleries, the Louvre, are both 3.________ Paris. BARCELONA
Barcelona is 4.________ of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast.One of Barcelona's most famous 5.________ is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.Gaudi 6.________ the project from 1882 until his death in 1926.FLORENCE
Florence became famous because of the Renaissance，a great artistic movement which began in the 1,300s and 7.________ for three hundred years. Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures 8.________ by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.ATHENS
Athens，known as the birthplace of western civilization，was the world's most 9.________ city two thousand four hundred years ago.Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period.Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens.Their work 10.________ other writers ever since.
【答案】 1.situated on 2.symbol 3.located in 4.the second largest city 5.landmarks 6.worked on 7.lasted 8.were produced 9.powerful 10.has influencedⅡ.短语填空
1．She ____________ a difficult decision.
2．My bedroom ________ the top floor of the building.
3．I ________all night ________ that article.
4．He didn't go to school ________ his illness.5．Many considered him the best singer ________.
6．Mo Yan ________his winning the Nobel Prize for Arts.
7．What a teacher says and does ________ his students.
8．He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him ________.
【答案】 1.is faced with 2.is situated on 3.worked；on
4．because of 5.of all time 6.is famous for 7.have a great influence on 8.ever sinceⅢ.句型背诵
1．Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine.It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。巴黎是世界上最漂亮的城市之一，每年有超过八百万的游客来这里旅游。2．The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris.
这个城市也以餐馆、咖啡馆和剧院而闻名。法国大约三分之二的艺术家和作家都生活在巴黎。3．Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast，about five hundred kilometers east of the Spanish capital，Madrid.
巴塞罗那是西班牙的第二大城市，它位于西班牙东北海岸，大概在离西班牙首都马德里东边五百千米的地方。4．One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.
巴塞罗那最著名的地标之一就是圣家堂，是由建筑师安东尼奥·甘地设计的。5．Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.
佛罗伦萨是意大利的一座城市，这座城市因文艺复兴而变得著名。文艺复兴是一次大型的文艺运动，开始于13世纪，持续了三百年。课件105张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语，并能运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。●教学地位
学习词汇，阅读介绍欧洲著名城市的文章，了解其地理位置、文化和艺术特色。
●新课导入建议
让学生辨认Activity 1中的四幅城市图，试着说出课文文段分别描述的是哪一张图表示的城市，并给出理由，由此引出the Eiffel Tower，the Louvre，the Renaissance等词汇，在此基础上，导入新课。演示结束 1．off the coast 在海岸线附近(离陆地不远的海面上)
The United Kingdom is off the northwest coast of continental Europe.(教材P1)
英国位于欧洲西北部大陆海岸线附近。
Our house is about 20 meters off the main road.
我们家离大街大约有20米远。off the coast/on the coast/along the coast
I once stayed in a town on the south coast of England.
我曾在英格兰南海岸的一座城市里住过。
He died in a shipwreck off the south coast.
他丧生于南部一带的一次海难。
They traveled on the steamboat along the coast.
他们坐着小汽船沿着海岸旅行。2．France is Europe's third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.(教材P1)法国是欧洲第三大国，越过英吉利海峡与英国隔海相望。
(1)face vt. 面对；面向
Face the fearful with no fears, and its fearfulness disappears.(saying)见怪不怪，其怪自败。(谚语)
We should face the difficulties/enemy/danger bravely.
我们应该勇敢地面对困难/敌人/危险。
Our classroom faces (to/towards the) south.
我们的教室面朝南。face n．脸；相貌；表面；表情 vt.转向，面向，面临；必须对付；承认；正视
face sth.面对……
be faced with sth. 面临，面对
face up to勇敢地对付(敌人、困难等)，面对(讨厌的事实等)
face to face 面对面
in (the) face of不顾(问题、困难等)
lose/save one's face失面子，丢脸/挽回面子
make a face/faces 做鬼脸Judging from his worried face，we knew that he must have had some trouble.
从他焦急的脸色判断，我们知道他肯定有麻烦了。
My bedroom faces/(to the) south.我的卧室朝南。
The company is facing a financial crisis.
公司正面临财政危机。
She is faced with a difficult decision.
她眼前有一项难作的决定。【提示】 facing和faced作状语时，因face为及物动词，facing后跟名词或代词作宾语，而faced后要跟with。
Faced with/Facing a difficult situation in the 2012 general election, Obama decided to face up to it bravely.
在2012年的大选中面临困境，奥巴马决定勇敢地面对。单项填空
③ the global financial crisis，the Chinese government has taken many measures people's life to deal with it.
A．Facing with；related
B．Faced；relating to
C．Faced with；relating D．Facing；related to【解析】 句意：中国政府面临全球性金融危机，已采取了许多与民生有关的措施来应对。表示“面对”时，用faced with和facing皆可；第二个空用related to或relating to表示“与……有关的”，结合两空格，选D项。
【答案】 D【提示】 across还可用作副词，意为“从一边到另一边；横过；在对面”。
The river is too wide；we can't swim across.
这条河太宽了，我们游不过去。
When my name was called, he looked across at me.
当叫到我的名字的时候，他从那边朝我看过来。
There’s a school just across from our house.
有一所学校就在我们房子对面。
The river is 500 meters across. 这条河有500米宽。【巧学助记】
across/over/throughDo be careful when you go across the road.
横穿马路一定要当心啊。
The horse jumped over the fence.
那匹马跳过栅栏。
The thief came in through the window.
小偷是从窗户爬进来的。【对接高考】
(2012·北京高考)Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders?
A．at B．on
C．to D．across
【解析】 句意：你觉得这件衬衫肩膀处太紧了吗？本题考查介词的基本用法。across the shoulders指肩宽，两肩的距离，故选择D项。
【答案】 D3．Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.(教材P1)
意大利在欧洲的南部，位于地中海沿岸。
Taiwan is in the southeast of China and to the east of Fujian.台湾在中国东南、福建东部。
Chongqing lies in the southwest of China and is on the Yangtze River. 重庆在中国西南，坐落在长江沿岸。 lie on/lie in/lie to4．Between France and Spain is another mountain range －the Pyrenees.(教材P1)法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉—比利牛斯山脉。
(1)这是一个全部倒装的句子，其正常的顺序为：Another mountain range－the Pyrenees is between France and Spain.全部倒装是指将句子的谓语动词全部置于主语之前，其结构常为：表方位的副词或地点状语＋谓语动词＋主语＋其他
①以here/there/now/then等副词或表示地点的介词短语作状语如：in the middle of/on top of/in front of/at the back of/behind.../nearby.../at the foot of...开头，谓语动词常为be，come，go，lie等的句子常全部倒装。③为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更紧，把介词短语和形容词提到句首，引起完全倒装。
Gone are the days when we were young and happy.
我们年轻、快乐的日子一去不复返了。
【提示】 上述全部倒装结构，主语须是名词，若主语为人称代词则不倒装。
Away they went.他们走了。
Here he comes.他来了。①range from...to...在……范围内变动
range between...and...在……和……范围内变动
②a wide range of一系列……
a full range of各种……
in/within range在射程以内，在……范围内
beyond/out of range在射程外，在……范围外
out of one's range某人能力达不到的The firm will provide us with an interesting range of books and videos.
这家公司将提供给我们一批有趣的书籍和录像带。
We have students from a wide range of backgrounds.
我们的学生来自各种不同的背景。
There is a magnificent range of mountains in the borderland. 在边境地带有连绵不断的雄伟山脉。The tree is within range of vision.这棵树在视野之内。
The prices of the dolls range from$5 to$100.
这些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。
The discussion ranged over various problems.
这次讨论涉及了种种问题。5．Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands. (教材P1)
这个国家有百分之二十的部分是岛屿。
本句的主语是百分数twenty percent，谓语动词是is covered。分数或百分数作主语时，谓语的数要与分数或百分数所指代的名词保持一致。在这一句话中， is covered与the country一致，故用单数。Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.在那个地区有五分之二的面积有花草。
More than thirty percent of the students are from Africa.
多于百分之三十的学生是非洲人。【解析】 考查主谓一致和时态。带有分数、百分数的名词短语或相当于分数、百分数的some(of...)，most(of...)，the rest (of...)等作主语时，根据of后名词的单复数来确定谓语的单复数，若将of短语省略，要根据前边出现过的它们所指代的名词的单复数确定谓语的单复数，此题中前边的名词workshops为复数名词，谓语应该用复数；根据第一分句的时态判断出第二分句也应该用一般现在时。
【答案】 B②The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one third used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
【解析】 此处one third指的是computers，故为复数；从和now对比中可知，这说的是过去的事了。
【答案】 D6．Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine.(教材P2) 巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。
(1)句中situated on the River Seine是过去分词作定语。作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.
他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
The only car repaired by the mechanic is mine.
机械师修理的那辆车是我的。
(2)situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的；(人)处于……境遇/地位的be badly/well situated境况困难/良好
be situated on/in/at...位于……的；坐落在……的；处于……地位/境遇/状态的
situate vt.使……坐落/建于某处
situation n．立场；局势；地理位置；形势
in a．..situation在……形势下；处于……状况中Microsoft is well situated to exploit this new market.
微软具备良好的条件开拓这个新市场。
His parents died in an accident and left him an orphan.He was badly situated at the moment.他的父母死于一场意外事故，他成了孤儿。目前他处境艰难。
That is a small town situated just(to the)south of Cleveland.那是一个地处克利夫兰以南的小城。
The company wants to situate its headquarters in the north.那个公司想把总部设在北方。
What would you do if you were in my situation?
假如你处于我的情况，你会怎么办？situate/locate/lie/standThe big city is situated on the coast of Huanghai Sea.
这个大城市坐落于黄海之滨。
The small village，located/situated at the foot of the mountain，has become a holiday resort.
坐落于山脚下的那个小村庄也成了度假村。
Hainan Province，lies/is located/is situated in the south of China.海南省位于中国南部。
There stands a tall tower on the top of the mountain.
在山顶上耸立着一座高塔。7．The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Pairs. (教材P2)最受游客欢迎的地方是艾菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎的象征。
(1)句子中the famous symbol of Pairs是the Eiffel Tower的同位语，起解释说明的作用。
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。He was a good captain，one that often looked after his seamen.他是一个好船长，一个经常照顾船员的船长。
Gao Xiumin，a well-known comedy actress, died on 18, August,2005.高秀敏，著名的喜剧演员，于2005年8月18日不幸逝世。(2)symbol用作可数名词，意思为“象征(of sth.)；符号，记号(for sth.)”。
White has always been a symbol of purity in western cultures.在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
The lion is the symbol of courage.狮子是勇敢的象征。
What is the chemical symbol for copper?
铜的化学符号是什么？
On maps, a cross is the symbol for a church.
在地图上，十字代表教堂。symbol/mark/sign/signalScientists have found no signs of life on Mars so far.
到目前为止，科学家们还没有在火星上发现有生命的迹象。
The rose is the symbol of love.玫瑰花是爱情的象征。
Put a question mark at the end of that sentence.
把问号放在句末。8．One of the Barcelona’s most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. (教材P2)巴塞罗那最著名的地标是圣家赎罪堂，它是建筑大师Antonio Gaudi设计的。
(1)这是一个由关系代词which 引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Church of the Sagrada Familia 进行补充说明。有时which 可指前面整个句子的内容。
He has passed the college entrance examination，which makes his parents quite happy.
他通过了大学入学考试，这令他的父母很高兴。(2)design n．图样，设计，图案；目的，意向 v. 设计；控制
This is a design for the garden.
这是那座花园的设计图。
His evil designs were frustrated.
他的罪恶意图未能得逞。
She is designing dresses for the singer.
她在为这位歌手设计服装。
He designed a plot for its new novel.
他为他的新小说拟定情节。①by design故意地；蓄意地
have designs on对……抱不良企图；图谋加害于
②design sth. for sb./sth.设计；制图；构思
be designed to do sth. (为……目的专门)设计(3)句子中的called Antonio Gandi 是过去分词短语作后置定语。修饰物architect，相当于定语从句who was called。
There will be several new events added to the program for the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games.这些体育项目将被加在2016里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会的比赛项目中。【对接高考】
(2013·湖南高考)You cannot accept an opinion to you unless it is based on facts.
A．offering B．to offer
C．having offered D．offered9．work on 致力于；从事
Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926.The church hasn't been finished yet！(教材P2)
高迪从1882年起从事这次工程直至1926年逝世。
教堂至今还未完工！
I worked all night on that article.
我通宵在写那篇文章。
She's outside working on the car. 她在外面修理汽车。His charm doesn't work on me. 我不为他的魅力所动。
My parents spent the weekend working on me to go on holiday with them.
爸妈用了一个周末来说服我和他们一起度假去。work at 做；从事；学习
work against sb.对某人不利
work out 算出；解决；制订出；按某种方式发生
work for sth.争取；努力取得
work wonders 创造奇迹Juan's English isn't very good，but he works at it.
胡安的英语不太好，可他很用功学习。
Tax laws tend to work against small organizations.
税法往往不利于小机构。
You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.你把所有的数加在一起就能算出答案。
Things have worked out quite well for us.
事情的结果对我们很不错。
She devoted her life to working for peace.
她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。10．Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance，a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.(教材P2)佛罗伦萨是意大利的一个城市，因文艺复兴而著名，文艺复兴是一个起源于14世纪，持续了300年之久的伟大的艺术运动。(1)because of因为；由于
because为从属连词，后跟一个完整的句子构成原因状语从句而because of则是一个介词短语，后接名词或动名词
He didn't go to school because of his illness.
＝ He didn't go to school because he was ill.
他没去上学是因为生病了。①thanks to这一短语介词，含有“幸亏、多亏、亏得、依赖、依靠、由于、因为”等意思。它引导的短语，可以表达正面意思(近似于原意“感谢”)，也可用于讽刺口吻中(近似于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。它引导的短语在句中用作状语时，大多放在句首，也可以置于句末。
②owing to意为“由于，因为”，在句中通常用作状语，可置于句首或句末。③due to意为“由于”，它引导的短语在句中一般用作表语或定语，但在很多场合也可与owing to通用，作状语。 这一用法在现今英语中也很流行，但不如owing to那么严谨。
④as a result of意为 “由于……的结果”，一般用作状语。
⑤on account of意为“因……缘故，由于”，它引导的短语在句中通常作状语，可置于句首或句末。My mother is getting better and better，thanks to the doctor.
多亏了医生，我母亲才一天天康复起来。(感谢的口吻)
Thanks to your help，I passed the test.
幸亏有你的帮助，我通过了考验。(正面意思)
Owing to my absence，they had to put off the class meeting till next week.
由于我不在，他们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。
Xiao Wang could not come to the ball(，)owing to a bad cold.因为得了重感冒，小王没能去打(踢)球。The accident is due to your careless driving.
那件意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。
He was late as a result of the traffic jam.
由于交通阻塞，他迟到了。
The train was delayed on account of a heavy snow.
由于一场大雪火车来迟了。(2)last vi.继续；延续；持久；足够维持
The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes.
会议只开了几分钟。
The weather won't last. 这种天气持续不了多久。
Doctors say that she probably won't last the night.
医生说她很可能活不过今晚。
We've got enough food to last (us) (for) three days.
我们的食物足够维持三天。11．of all time 有史以来；自古以来；从未有过
During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. (教材P2)在文艺复兴期间，历史上一些最伟大的画家在佛罗伦萨生活和工作。
Many rated him the best singer of all time.
许多人认为他是有史以来最优秀的歌手。
Einstein is one of the greatest physicists of all time.
爱因斯坦是有史以来最伟大的物理学家之一。at all times 总是；随时；永远
at times 有时；间或
at a time每次；逐一；依次
at one time曾经；一个时期；一度
at no time 决不；在任何时候都不
in no time 立刻；马上
in time 及时；迟早
on time 按时；准时He is best known for his work on the human brain.
他在人脑的研究方面最为知名。
The man is known to the police.
这男人是在警方挂了号的。
It is (well) known that theory comes from practice.
众所周知，理论源于实践。完成句子
③大部分年轻人都熟知周杰伦。
Zhou Jielun (Jay) most of the young people.
【答案】 is known to 13．Their works has influenced other writers ever since. (教材P2)他们的作品从那时起就一直影响着别的作家。
(1)influence vt.影响；对……起作用
His writings have influenced the lives of millions.
他的作品影响了千百万人的一生。
A number of social factors influence life expectancy.
诸多社会因素左右着人的预期寿命。What a teacher says and does have a great influence on his students.教师的言行对学生影响很大。
Her parents no longer have any real influence over her.
她的父母对她不再有真正的约束力了。
My father influenced me to accept the job.
我父母影响我接受这项工作。influence/result/effect(2)ever since
①自……以来/以后，表示动作从过去的某一时间为起点，持续到现在，常与现在完成时连用，可以单独使用，也可以后接表时间的单词、短语等。
I have known her ever since then.
从那以后我就认识她了。
He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him ever since.
他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。②引导时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，且谓语动词要用延续性动词。
Mr. Smith has lived here ever since he came to China. (正)史密斯先生自从来到中国一直住在这里。
Mr. Smith has bought many Chinese books ever since he came to China. (误)
史密斯先生自从来到中国已买了很多汉语书籍。
这里buy是“非延续性”动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，应换成have的过去分词。即：Mr. Smith has had many Chinese books ever since he came to China.⑤ Bill this morning but I him ever since.
A．have seen；haven't seen
B．saw；haven't seen
C．saw；didn't see
D．had seen；haven't seen
【解析】 由时间状语this morning可知应用一般过去时，而根据ever since知第二空应用现在完成时态。
【答案】 B课件83张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语，并能运用这些词语造句。(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(4)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用被动语态的现在式和过去式以及主谓一致。●教学地位
通过FUNCTION学会运用不同介词表达不同位置。GRAMMAR1进一步明确和运用被动语态的现在式和过去式。GRAMMAR 2讨论主谓语一致的问题，帮助学生解决英语学习中的难点，培养抽象思维能力。LISTENING通过听力活动了解另外三个城市的情况，进一步训练获取信息的能力。PRONUNCIATION AND EVERYDAY ENGLISH通过对question tags的准确语调表达，学会表达肯定和疑问语气，使其为意思的准确表达和对话的顺利进行服务●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束 1．next to(教材P4)相邻；靠近
Peter sat next to Paul on the sofa.
彼得挨着保罗坐在沙发上。
My desk is next to Kate's.
我的桌子与凯特的邻近。nex to的其他意思：
①following in order or importance after sb./sth.仅次于；紧接
②almost几乎
nex to nothing几乎没有，极少
③in comparison with sb./sth.与……相比
next to last倒数第二
next to none不比任何人差的Next to her，I'm a very poor cook.
跟她相比，我只不过是个贫穷的厨师。
He knows next to nothing about antiques.
他对古董几乎一无所知。
In this town，it is next to impossible for a stranger to find a hotel.在这个城镇里，一个陌生人要找到一个旅馆几乎是不可能的。
Next to skiing my favorite sport is skating.
我最喜欢的运动除了/仅次于滑雪就是溜冰。【答案】 ①sitting next to ②next to last ③Next to ④next to useless2．opposite(教材P4)adj.相对的，对面的；对立的，相反的；对等的，对应的n.相反的事物，对立的人(或物)；反面prep. 在……对面adv. 在对面
Black and white are opposites.黑和白正好相反。
The library is on the opposite side of the road from the school.图书馆在学校马路对面。
Martha's not shy at all－just the opposite in fact.
玛莎一点都不腼腆，事实上正好相反。
The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.
坐在我们对面的人看上去很面熟。
He lives opposite.他住在对面。on the opposite side在反对一方
be opposite to 在……对面； 与……相反
just the opposite 恰恰相反
in the opposite direction朝相反的方向
the opposite sex异性
opposition n. 反对；敌对；对抗opposite/contrary
“Hot”and“cold” are contrary terms.
热和冷是两个相对的概念。
“Black” and “White” are opposite.黑白是截然相反的。 ②The school the hospital.
A．opposite B．opposite to
C．is opposite to D．is the opposite
【解析】 句意：学校在医院对面。opposite不可用作动词，根据其结构可知答案为C。
【答案】 C完成句子
③她没有犯错误，恰恰相反，她所做的是正确的。
She didn't make a mistake， ， what she did was right.
④他们朝着相反的方向走着。
They were walking in .
【答案】 ③just the opposite；④opposite directions3．have something in common with 与……有共通点；有共同之处；有相同之处
What have the words family，team and class got in common? (教材P7)
单词family，team and class有什么相同之处？
If you enjoy writing at all, you and Paul Laurence Dunbar have something in common.如果你喜欢写作，你就和保罗·劳伦斯·邓巴有共同的特点了。
I am glad that we have something in common with each other.我很高兴我们相互有共同之处。Tom and John are twins but they have nothing in common. Tom 和 John是双胞胎但是却毫无相同之处。
Britain，in common with many other industrialized countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.与许多其他工业化国家一样，英国在过去的100年里经历了重大变化。4．France and Germany aren't going to sign the agreement.(教材P7)法德两国还没打算签订协议。
(1)sign vt.签名；签署vi.签名；做手势(示意)
You forgot to sign the cheek! 你忘了在支票上签字！
The artist signed his name in the corner of the painting. 画家在画的角上署了名。
Sign here, please. 请在这里签字。He was signing to me crazily to not mention anything about Jack.
他拼命地向我打手势，叫我不要提起杰克的任何事。
She signed for us to go inside.
她打手势让我们进去。Remember to sign in at the reception table and sign out at the office.记住要在接待处签到，在办公室登记离开。
I'm thinking of signing up for the French course this term.我在考虑报名参加这个学期的法语课。
It's getting late so I'll sign off now，love John.
时间不早了，我就此搁笔。爱你的约翰。(2)agreement n．协议；契约；同意；一致
There is agreement among doctors that pregnant women should not smoke.医生们一致认为，怀孕妇女不应吸烟。
Please read the agreement and sign.
请看一下协议书然后在上面签字。
【提示】 agreement表示“协议，合约”时是可数名词；表示“一致，相合”时是不可数名词。Finally we reached an agreement.
我们最终达成了协议。
We are in agreement with their decision.
我们同意他们的决定。观察下列从Reading and Vocabulary 中选取的句子，体会被动语态的用法。
①It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.
②One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.③Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
④Athens，the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilization.
⑤Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period.Ⅰ.一般现在时与一般过去时的被动语态
英语中的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。英语中只有及物动词和及物动词短语和某些动词短语才能构成被动语态。1．被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成形式为“be＋动词的过去分词”，随时态的不同，“be”发生相应的变化。一般现在时的被动语态是由 am, is, are ＋ 动词的过去分词构成；一般过去时的被动语态是由 was/were＋ 动词的过去分词构成。
(1)一般现在时
Football is played all over the world.
全世界到处都踢足球。
Miss Gao，you are wanted on the phone.
高老师，有人给你打电话。(2)一般过去时
He was invited to dinner yesterday evening.
昨天晚上他被邀请去吃饭了。
The buildings were built last year.
这些房子是去年造的。2．被动语态的用法
被动语态主要用于以下场合：
(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者时。如：
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。
He was hurt in the car accident.
他在车祸中受伤了。(2)需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身而不必指明谁是动作的执行者时。
The injured were allowed home after treatment.
受伤者在医院的治疗后被获准回家。
At last an agreement was arrived at.
终于达成了一项协议。(3)当我们强调或侧重动作的执行者时，这时我们可用by 引出动作的执行者。
The work will be examined by a group of experts soon.你的工作即将受到一组专家的检查。
Such things are only eaten by animals. 这样的东西只有动物才吃。(5)“get ＋ 过去分词”的被动语态为习惯用法，这种结构往往更强调动作的结果而非动作本身
Supposing you drink five bottles of beer, do you think you would get drunk?
假如你喝五瓶啤酒，你会醉吗？
They got married last year. 他们去年结的婚。Ⅱ.主谓一致
主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。1．语法一致原则
语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如：
Tom doesn't like swimming.
汤姆不喜欢游泳。
Jane and Mary look alike.
简和玛丽看起来很像。2．意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单复数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如：
The football team are having breakfast now.
足球队员们在吃早饭。
The news was exciting.
这条消息令人振奋。3．就近原则
就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如：
Either your students or Mr Wang knows this.
你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。
Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film.
汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题，本模块中主要涉及到主语为集体名词和代词的语法项目，下面就这两个语法项目详细论述。
(1)主语为集体名词
①某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中的成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如：
Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject.
我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。(group 指小组成员)Our group is made up of four girls and five boys.
我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。(group 指小组整体)
The population in China is very large，and one third of the population are farmers.
中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。(前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员)②某些集体名词如people，police，cattle，youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如：
The police are searching for him.警察正在搜寻他。
The cattle were driven away from the hill.
那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。③某些名词如equipment(设备)，furniture(家具)，jewelry(珠宝)，clothing(衣服)，machinery(机械)，表示单数概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式，如：
A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。
All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots.这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。(2)主语为代词
①有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either，neither，each，another，somebody，someone，something，anything，anyone，everyone，everything，everybody，no one，nothing，nobody等。
Each of them wishes to be a professional football player.
他们每个人都渴望成为职业足球运动员。
Everything around us is matter.
我们周围所有的东西都是物质。注意：
a．在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如：
Neither of them was/were in good health，but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。
b．each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式，each用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of，each one of后接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。Each (one) of the houses was different.
每座房子都不同。
Each student has been given their own e-mail address.
每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。
They each have their own car.
他们每个人都有自己的车。②none 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，这要取决于说话人的看法，如：
None of us seem to have thought of it.
似乎我们全都没有想到这一点。
None of us has got a camera.(None＝Not a single one)我们都没有照相机。
③both，(a) few，many，several作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如：
Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones.
这两种仪器并不都是精密仪器。④all 作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数；表示物时，谓语动词用单数，如：
All is well that ends well.结果好一切都好。
All are eager to reach an agreement.
大家都急于达成一项协议。Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·陕西高考)The basketball coach，as well as his team， interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A．were B．was
C．is D．are
【解析】 The basketball coach，as well as his team.结构中，前面的名词作主语，故谓语动词为单数，shortly after the match可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。
【答案】 B2．When and where to build the new factory yet.
A．is not decided B．are not decided
C．has not decided D．have not decided
【解析】 when and where to build the new factory所指的是一件事，因此谓语动词要用单数。故选 A。
【答案】 A3．(2013·湖南高考)If nothing ， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
A．does B．had been done
C．will do D．is done
【解析】 句意：如果什么措施都不采取的话，海洋将会变成鱼类的沙漠。根据“主将从现”的原则，即主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，再根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故答案为D。
【答案】 D4．(2012·天津高考)The letters for the boss on his desk but he didn't read them until three days later.
A．were put B．was put
C．put D．has put【解析】 句意：给老板的那些信被放在了桌子上，但直到三天后他才读的。根据but后的“didn't read”可知老板读信是发生在过去，所以信被放到桌子上应该发生在“读信”之前，也是过去的动作，与现在无关，所以排除D，因为现在完成时表示动作到现在刚刚结束或是对现在造成了影响或结果。the letters与put之间为被动关系，故排除C；而且the letters作主语，是复数，可排除B。所以答案为A。
【答案】 A5．(2012·北京高考)—Have you heard about that fire in the market?
—Yes，fortunately no one .
A．hurt B．was hurt
C．has hurt D．had been hurt【解析】 句意：——你听说市场的那场火灾了吗？——听说了，幸好没有人受伤。本题考查动词的时态和语态。句中主语no one与谓语动词之间为被动关系，故排除A项和C项。火灾发生在过去，因此选择一般过去时的被动语态，故选择B项。D项为过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去，与语境时间不符。
【答案】 B6．(2011·上海春招)A lot of people often forget that oral exams to test our communicative ability.
A．design B．are designed
C．are designing D．are being designed
【解析】 句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。
【答案】 B7．Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand.
A．are；are B．is；is
C．are；is D．is：are
【解析】 主句中的主语应为poets，谓语动词用复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works，谓语动词也应是复数。故选A。
【答案】 A8．(2013·北京高考)—Have you heard about the recent election?
—Sure, it the only thing on the news for the last three days.
A．would be B．is
C．has been D．will be【解析】 句意：——你听说过有关最近选举的事情了吗？——当然，这已经成为最近三天报道的唯一话题。根据时间状语“for the last three days”可知此处用现在完成时，故答案为C。for the last three days是本题的关键信息，它多与现在完成时连用。
【答案】 C9．(2012·辽宁高考)Mum，I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I on Friday.
A．get paid B．got paid
C．have paid D．had been paid
【解析】 分析句子我们知道，儿子或者女儿非常客气地向母亲借钱。这里运用过去时表达“客气、委婉”的语气，而非过去发生的事情。运用过去时表达“客气、委婉”语气的用法是我们常见的，例如Would you please...？或者Could you...?
【答案】 A10．(2013·福建毕业班质检)—Have you heard about that school bus accident?
—Yes，fortunately all on board including the driver .
A．were saved B．was saved
C．have saved D．has been saved【解析】 句意：——你听说那个校车事故了吗？——听说了，幸运的是，所有乘客包括司机都被救了出来。设空处与前面的主语为被动关系，需用被动语态，故排除C项。题干中all指“人”，相当于all the people，故谓语动词需用复数形式，故答案为A项。
【答案】 A课件73张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。
(3)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，了解欧盟和一些欧洲国家。
(4)学会对中国某些地区的描写。●教学地位
本节课对一个城市的补充描写，培养学生前后联系的思维能力和写作能力。通过cultural corner让学生了解欧盟和一些欧洲国家，将其和中国在地理位置、文化、经济等方面进行对比，增强国际交往意识。●新课导入建议
由教师向全班问有关欧盟的问题，其间也可穿插学生互相问问题，学生答不出问题，没有关系，主要目的是利用背景知识激发对有关欧盟信息的回忆，进而导入新课，如：Do you know European Union? Where is it? Is it one country? Is the United Kingdom its member? How many countries were its first members? Are its member countries independent? How did it start？…演示结束 Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P9 The European Union，判断正误
1．The European Union is an organization of all the countries in the world.( )
2．All the countries in the European Union are governed in the same way.( )
3．In France，the head of state is a king.( )4．In 2004，the European Union increased to 25 members.( )
【答案】 1－4 F F F T1．In terms of size and population，how big is the European Union compared with China？(教材P9)
在面积与人口方面，欧盟与中国相比有多大？
(1)in terms of据……；依照……；就……而言
In terms of customer satisfaction，the policy cannot be criticized.说到顾客的满意情况，这个政策无可挑剔。
In terms of money they're quite rich，but not in terms of happiness.就钱而论，他们很富有，但是没有幸福。【对接高考】
(2012·课标全国卷)Film has a much shorter history，especially when such art forms as music and painting.
A．having compared to B．comparing to
C．compare to D．compared to【解析】 句意：电影的历史很短暂，尤其是与音乐、绘画等这样的艺术形式相比。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。compare与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词，故答案为D。分词作状语时，可以根据题意在其前加上when，if等连词。本句实际上是when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting的省略。
【答案】 D2．on the other hand另一方面；反过来说
In France，on the other hand，the head of state is a president. (教材P9)而另一方面，在法国，政府的首脑是总统。
On the one hand，the shirt is too expensive，on the other hand，I don't like the style.一方面这件衬衣太贵，另一方面，我不喜欢这样式。He is an able man，but on the other hand，he demands too much of people.
他是一个能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太多了。
Tom is clever；on the other hand，he is a very lazy student and therefore he gets low grades.
汤姆聪明，可他是个懒学生，因此他成绩不好。on the other hand/on the contrary单项填空
②Father and mother wanted to go for a ride，but ，the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends.
A．on the other hand B．on another hand
C．in other ways D．as a result【解析】 A表示“另一方面”；B无这种搭配；C表示“用其他办法”；D表示“结果”。句意“父母想开车出去，而另一方面，孩子们却想待在家里和朋友们玩。”所以选A项。
【答案】 A③Fire， ，can benefit the world，but it can also destroy the world if not brought under control.
A．in a word B．generally speaking
C．on the one hand D．in other words
【解析】 句意：火一方面可能给世界造福，但是，如果得不到控制的话，也可能毁灭世界。此句要用on the one hand表示“一方面”。in a word总之；generally speaking一般来说；in other words换句话说。从转折词but可看出C项符合语境。
【答案】 C3．have control over 对……有控制权
But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament, which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.(教材P9)
但是他们都派代表去欧洲参加会议，欧洲会议对每个成员国里发生的事情都具备一定的控制权。
To believe we have control over a situation gives us a feeling of power.
相信能够控制局面使我们感到自己很强大。beyond control无法控制
under control被控制住
out of control失去控制
lose control of对……失去控制
in the control of由……控制，由……管理，由……负责It is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.重要的是每一个司机都能有意识地努力使自己的情绪受到控制。
The bus went out of control and ran into a shop front.
那辆公共汽车失去控制，撞到了一家商店的大门上。
He was in the control of bad men who forced him to do bad things.他受了坏人的控制，他们强迫他干坏事。I'm not a little tired now.我现在非常累。
Really，David is not a bit like his brother as far as generosity is concerned.
的确，就慷慨大方这一点来说，大卫一点也不像他哥哥。【对接高考】
(2013·安徽高考)It's said that the power plant is now
large as what it was.
A．twice as B．as twice
C．twice much D．much twice
【解析】 句意：据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数的表示法有多种，此处为“倍数词＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋其他”结构。
【答案】 A2．要遵循一定的写作顺序。描述该地区的位置时，首先找好中心点，再由近及远，也可以先总体后局部，或按照一定时间或空间顺序来写。【常用句型】
1．表示位置的句型
某地＋ is/lies ＋地点状语 “某地位于……”
2．表示人口状况的句型
某地＋ has a large/small population “某地人口众多/稀少”
某地＋has a population of ＋数词 “某地有多少人口”3．表示历史背景的句型
某地＋ has a long history of ...years. “某地有多少年的历史”
某地＋is a place/country with...history.“某地是具有多少年历史的地方/国家”4．表示风景名胜的句型
There are many places of interest, such as...“这儿有许多名胜，比如……”
某地＋has many places of interest, among which is...“某地有许多名胜，其中就有……”
某地＋is famous/well－known for/as...“某地因为/作为……而闻名” 【答案】 1.a brief introduction 2.has a history；with a history 3.lies/is located/is situated 4.convenient both by water and by railway 5.of very good quality；in China and some Southeast Asian areas. 6.has been developing rapidly；a bright future 7.a wise choice【参考范文】
Good morning，ladies and gentlemen.Welcome to our factory.
First of all，I'd like to give you a brief introduction to our factory.Our factory has a history of 15 years and it lies on the northern bank of the Changjiang River and on the railway line from Beijing to Guangzhou.The transportation is very convenient both by water and by railway.It covers 4.5 square kilometers.Our factory has over 200 workers，who mainly produce women's clothing.The products are of very good quality and are sold everywhere in China and some Southeast Asian areas.We believe our factory has been developing rapidly and has a bright future.It's a wise choice to invest here.
So much for the introduction.Now let me show you around the factory.课件22张PPT。12． n．地区；区域
13． n．特点；特写
14． n．产品；农产品vt.生产；创作；引起
【答案】 1.across 2.range 3.landmark 4.symbol 5.project 6.sculpture 7.ancient 8.opposite 9.sign 10．whereabouts 11.parliament 12.region 13.feature 14．produceB．词汇拓展
15． adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的 vt.使……坐落于 n．情形，境遇，(建筑物等的)位置
16． adj.位于 v．位于；使……坐落于；找到……的位置 n．位置；场所
17． n．建筑师 n．建筑物
18． n．协议；契约 vi.同意；意见一致；适合19． vt.统治；治理 n．统治者；地方长官
n．政府
20． n．代表者 n．代表 vt.代表 adj.代表的
【答案】 15.situated，situate，situation 16.located，locate，location 17.architect，architecture 18.agreement，agree 19.govern，governor，government 20.representative，representation，represent，representative B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子
13. Although it was raining hard，they .
14．She is the best teacher I've met I was at school.
15．It is a small country both size and population.
16．I know this job of mine isn't well paid； I don't have to work long hours.17． the dress in her hand that one on the shelf，she didn't know which one to buy.
18．Many representatives， the European Union were sent to attend the conference.
【答案】 13. worked on 14.ever since 15.in terms of 16．on the other hand 17.Comparing；with 18.belonging to
【实例透析】
1．(2012·福建高考)．..I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s， 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39(together) in harmony...
38．A.why B．which
C．how D．when
【解析】 D。38题考查连词，根据从句与主句的承接关系可知，后面的从句是定语从句，先行词为the early 1960s，关系词在从句中作状语，所以此处要用关系副词when。2．(2012·江西高考)．..There he was，working hard at his small business,48(waving) at passers-by and stopping to chat now and then 49 elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.
...
49．A.about B．for
C．with D．like
【解析】 C。根据前面的“chat”可知，此空应用with。chat with sb.表示“和某人聊天”。【技巧点拨】
做此类完形填空题时应注意使用以下方法：
1. 较复杂单句的处理方法——找主语、谓语，即找句子主干。较复杂的单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起考生的充分重视。
2. 并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词。
3. 主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词。
4. 并列句和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句。
5．介词的判定——借助于固定搭配或者前后文的语境。21．A.before B．while
C．since D．until
22．A.on B．in
C．through D．over
【解析】 21.A。此句句意：在Sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示“还来不及……就……”。
22．D。“暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。(2)(2012·浙江高考)．.. 23 he had not seen it in more than 20 years，he recognized it 24(immediately)．
...
23．A.After B．When
C．Since D．Although
【解析】 D。23题要填入一个连接词，分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句。根据从句和主句的内容可以看出这里表示让步关系，故选D。
