课件46张PPT。【美文阅读】
现在，越来越多的野生动物正在遭受灭顶之灾，是该采取措施保护野生动物了。
Animal Conservation
Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical(批评的，决定性的，危险的) danger.Finding ways to protect the earth's wildlife and conserve(保存) the natural world they live in is now more important than ever.教师用书独具演示●课标技能要求
初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。●地位分析
本模块以保护动物为话题， 让学生在了解世界上很多动物面临灭绝的基础上，考虑我们人类应怎样采取措施来保护动物。通过活动，培养学生的主人翁意识和忧患意识。 适当进行拓展，以丰富学生知识，拓展学生视野，进行理想、人生责任的教育。●新课导入建议
1．Play video about Animal World, let Ss say out what animals are，and then let Ss list the animals they ever know not mentioned above.(设计意图：从学生所熟悉的环境入手， 利用学生已有的认知水平进行头脑风暴， 并引入新单词， 主要为下一步动物的汇总做准备工作。) 2．Show the pictures of animals in danger, and then ask them to talk about animals.Tell their favorite animals.(设计意图： 一张张形象而生动的动物图片来调动学生的学习兴趣和求知的主动性，激发学生的学习热情。通过探讨最喜欢的动物， 为下面部分做铺垫。)
3．Show students an advertisement spoken by Jacken Chen about protecting animals.(Outlook on CCTV10)
T: Well, I hate to say，believe it or not，your favorite animal is in danger now.Please watch the video.(设计意图：通过一则广告激发学生保护动物的意识。)
4．Ask the Ss to talk about animals in pairs.Find out the main reasons why many animals are in danger.and how to protect them.(设计意图：通过学生个人思考、小组交流，激发学生保护动物的意识，为写作做好准备。) 5．Ask Ss to read the dialogue and answer the questions.
Questions：
(1)What problems do animals meet with?
(2)What should we do to protect animals in danger?
(设计意图：通过自我体验，获取知识，通过阅读，增强保护动物意识。)
……演示结束 Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读文章，然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3词) 【答案】 1.millions of 2.fallen to 3.reason 4.expensive 5.profits 6.ban 7.part 8.Volunteers 9.getting tough with 10.effectⅡ.语篇理解
阅读P52－53的Reading and Vocabulary部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Why was Jiesang looking for the poachers?
A．To fight with them.
B．To join them in hunting.
C．To stop them from killing the antelopes.2．How many antelopes have to be killed to make a wool shawl?
A．3－4. B．5－6. C．7－8.
3．The poachers were surprised at .
A．Jiesang's order to ask them to put down their guns
B．Jiesang's quick movement
C．Jiesang's bravery4．The quick decrease of the antelopes is due to .
A．the freezing and bad living conditions
B．the killing from the poachers
C．their expensive wool5．Which of the following statements is NOT the reason for the increase of the antelopes?
A．The Chinese government has won the battle against the poachers.
B．The Chinese government has taken an active part in protecting the antelopes.
C．Many volunteers come from all over the country to help.
【答案】 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.AⅢ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
shawl；give his life；on the spot；the number of；get tough with；profit；herds of；poacher；export；confiscate
On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie 1. because of saving the Tibetan antelope.By the 1990s, 2. the Tibetan antelopes had fallen from millions of them to about 50,000.The reason is that the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world and brings huge 3. to the poachers.Often at night, whole 4. antelopes are shot and skinned 5. ， leaving only the babies.Then the wool is taken to India to make 6. ， which are 7. to rich countries in North America and Europe.In the 1990s, the Chinese government began to protect the antelopes actively.Over the next ten years about 3,000 8. were caught and 300 vehicles 9. .Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are 10. the dealers, making the antelope population increasing slowly since 1997.【答案】 1.gave his life 2.the number of 3.profits 4.herds of 5.on the spot 6.shawls 7.exported 8.poachers 9.confiscated 10.getting tough withⅠ.词义搭配
1．endanger A．keep safe from danger, injury,
destruction, or damage
2．habitat B．having a certain value
3．extinct C．a piece of cloth used as a covering
for the shoulders，etc.
4．struggle D．put in a dangerous, or difficult
position5．protect E．take the covering off
6．ideal F．no longer in existence；lost or
especially having died out
7．shawl G．make a strenuous or labored
effort
8．worth H．the type of environment in which
a group normally lives
9．skin I．perfect in every way
10．confiscate J．take (private property) away from
sb.，especially with the official right
to do so, usually as a punishmentⅡ.短语填空
thanks to；the number of；put down；at a time；give one's life to；come into fashion；get tough with；on the spot
1．She the phone, sighed, and shook her head sadly.
2．Long skirts have again.
3．The policeman arrested the thief .
4． your help, we were successful.5．The government will people who avoid paying taxes.
6．He determined to the great cause of education.
7． fish in coastal waters has decreased.
8．He used to abandon his work for months .
【答案】 1.put down 2.come into fashion 3.on the spot 4.Thanks to 5.get tough with 6.give his life to 7．The number of 8.at a timeⅢ.句型背诵
1．On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for—a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope.
1994年1月一个滴水成冰的寒冷日子，杰桑·索南达杰发现了他一直在寻找的目标——正在猎杀濒临灭绝的藏羚羊的一群偷猎者。2．Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them.
尽管偷猎者们很吃惊，但他们占有优势——他们人多。
3．By the 1990s the number had fallen to about 50,000.
截止到20世纪90年代，藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万头。4．Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelope at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.
那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不那么值钱的幼崽。
5．The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India，where it is made into the shawls.
这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮，羊毛被运送到印度，在那里被织成披肩。课件75张PPT。教师用书独具演示●课标技能要求
重点词汇的理解与应用。●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用含有定语从句的句子和段落完成有关语言的区别表达，提高学生的书面表达能力。【教学地位分析】
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在●新课导入建议
Begin with several pictures of dinosaurs, which will help the Ss to realize the topic of this module.And talk about several pictures with 2 questions:
1．What do the giant panda and Siberian tiger have in common? 2．What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival?
With the help of several pictures and a flash, let the students predict the text.
(通过电影短片或学生非常熟悉的两种稀有动物发问，引出本课的主题——拯救藏羚羊。)演示结束 1．reserve n．保护区；保护圈；保存，储备，储存 vt.保留；预订；延期
The Chinese and Russian governments have created the reserve to help save the tiger's natural habitat.(教材P51)中俄政府已创建了保护区来保护老虎的自然栖息地。
This area was once a wildlife reserve.该地区曾是一个野生动物保护区．
The old man kept a large reserve of firewood for cold weather.这位老人贮存了大量的木柴以备天冷时用．①reservation n．预约，预订；保留
make a reservation 预约
② in reserve留下来的；预备的；储备的
with reserve/reservation有保留地(慎重地；含蓄地)
without reserve/reservation无保留地(坦白地)
reserve for...为……而保留
reserve sth.for sb.为某人保留/预订……We'll reserve the ticket for you till tomorrow noon.
票为您保留到明天中午。
He seemed to have some invisible strength in reserve.
他像是有着某种潜在的力量．
He spoke with reserve.他说话谨慎。
Say all you know and say it without reserve.
知无不言，言无不尽。
They accepted the proposal without reservation.
他们无保留地接受了这个建议。④把以前的错误都抖搂出来，决不保留．
The mistakes of the past must be exposed .
【答案】 ①created many nature reserves ②are reserved for ③in reserve ④without any reserve/reservation2．endanger vt.使……处于险境；危及
But the Siberian tiger is not the only endangered species.(教材P51)
可是西伯利亚虎并不是唯一的濒危动物。
Development of the area would endanger wildlife.
开发这一地区将会危及到野生生物。
Overworking can endanger your health.
工作过度可能会危害你的健康。①danger n．危险
in danger处于危险之中
out of danger脱离了危险
in danger of有……危险
②dangerous adj.危险的
③endangered adj.有灭绝危险的；濒临灭绝的④那条狗很危险，它咬人。
That dog is ；it bites people.
【答案】 ①endangered ②out of danger ③in danger ④dangerous3．struggle n．& v．奋斗；挣扎；斗争
The question is: What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival？(教材P51)问题是：在它们为了生存的斗争中，我们能做些什么来帮助它们呢？
He came off very well in the struggle.
在这场竞争中，他非常成功。
He gave up the struggle in despair.
他绝望地放弃了斗争。 struggle for... 为……而斗争
struggle with...和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争
struggle against...与……作斗争
struggle to do努力做某事
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来The shopkeeper struggled with the thief.
店主与那窃贼搏斗起来。
She struggled to get away from her attacker.
她挣扎着想摆脱那个侵犯她的人。4．protect vt.保护
an area of land where animals are protected(教材P51)
一个动物受到保护的地方
These brave soldiers will protect our country.
这些勇敢的士兵会保卫我们的国家的。①protect...against/from... 保护……免受……
②protection n．保护；防卫(后可接against/from)
under the protection of＝ under sb.'s protection
在……的保护下We must be protected against/from sudden attacks.
我们必须对突然袭击做好戒备。
You should protect the children from/against the cold.你们应该保护孩子不让其受冻。
Little children live under the protection of their parents.小孩在父母的保护下生活。protect/defend/guardput away把……收起来；储存
put back把……放回去；推迟
put up with忍受
put out扑灭；出版；生产
put off推迟；延期
put up举起；张贴；留宿；建立We can put you up for the night.
晚上我们可以留你过夜。
Put away the tools after work.
工作结束后请把工具收拾好。
I can't put up with you any longer.我不能再忍耐了。【对接高考】
(2011·浙江高考)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of at a hotel for the night.
A．putting down B．putting off
C．putting on D．putting up
【解析】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：他决定当晚直接一路开车回家，而不住旅馆。put down镇压，记下，降落；put off推迟，延期；put on穿上，戴上；put up举起，建造，提高，投宿。
【答案】 D6．Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them.(教材P52)尽管偷猎者们很吃惊，但他们占有优势——他们人多。
本句中Although surprised＝ Although they were surprised是让步状语从句的省略。
Although (he is) quite old, he still jogs every day.
他尽管年老了，但仍坚持每天慢跑。当though，when，until，if，unless等引导的时间、条件或让步状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同，或主语是it，且从句的谓语动词又是含有be的某种形式时，可以省去从句中的主语和be。When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to him for help.当我有麻烦时，我总是找他寻求帮助。
Once (it is)seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦看见，就很难忘记。
Unless (you are) invited, you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非邀请你讲话，否则你应该在会上保持沉默。
【提示】 省略句口诀
时，条，让，方，地；主语同，谓语be；
二者省去不可惜，从句主语是it，省去it's也可以。7．give one's life to/for为……献身；把一生献给……
He had given his life to save the Tibetan antelope.(教材P52)他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命。
He himself had determined to give his own life also to the same career.他本人已经决心把他的生命也献给这种同样的事业中去。come to life苏醒过来；变得生动、有趣
bring...to life使苏醒/复活；赋予某物以生命
lead a．..life过着……的生活
devote one's life to献身于……
lose one's life丧命
all one's life 一生
full of life充满活力的He devoted his life to teaching the children who lived in mountain areas.
他毕生致力于教育生活在山区的孩子们。
Kate seemed young and full of life.
凯特看上去很年轻，充满了活力。
He is in danger of losing his life.他有失去生命的危险。8．Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.(P53)
那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼崽。
(1)at a time 一次；每次
Do one thing at a time, and do well!
一次只做一件事情，并且要做好！
You can borrow two books at a time from the library.你一次只能从图书馆借两本书。at a time 一次；每次
at one time曾经；一度
in time及时；迟早
on time准时
at times有时；偶尔
at no time在任何时候都不
in no time立刻；马上
for the time being暂时
at any time随时They were just in time for the bus.
他们及时赶上了公共汽车。
At one time they met frequently.他们一度经常见面。【答案】 ①at times ②at one time ③at a time ④at any time ⑤in no time ⑥in time(2) worth adj.值……钱；有……价值的；值得
This painting is worth 100 yuan.这幅画值100元。
He who does his duty is worth praising.
凡是忠于职守的人都值得赞扬。
His words are hardly worth notice.
他的话几乎不值得听。worth/worthy/worthwhileHis behavior is worthy of praise/being praised/to be praised.他的行为值得称道。
It proved worthwhile to make the trip.
此行证明是值得的。9．spot n．地点；场所；污点；斑点
The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls.(P53)
这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮，羊毛被运到印度，在那里被织成披肩。
This is the spot where the two trucks collided.
这儿就是两辆卡车相撞的地点。
All apples with soft spots were rejected.
所有带软斑点的苹果都被剔除。 ①on the spot当场；在现场；立即
②spot vt.弄脏；认出；发现
be spotted with沾上……的污点；被……弄脏
③spotted adj.有斑点的；沾上污点的He spotted his friend in the crowd.
他从人群中认出了他的朋友。
He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot.
一棵树倒下了，把他当场砸死了。10．come into fashion成为时尚；流行
But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people.(P53)但到了20世纪90年代，这种藏羚羊毛披肩在有钱人中间流行开来，成为时尚。
The film brought the songs into fashion.
这部电影使这几首歌流行一时。
New things come into fashion all the time.
新产品总是很快就会流行起来。be in (the) fashion合乎时尚
be out of (the) fashion不合时尚
go out of fashion不再风行
follow the fashion赶时髦
fashion show时装表演
the latest fashion最新样式11．condition n．[pl.]环境；情况[C]条件[U]状况；状态
The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres.( 教材P53)在保护区工作的一小组政府官员得到了来自全国各地的、愿意忍受海拔5000米的恶劣生活环境的志愿者们的支援。
The miners there worked in dreadful conditions.
那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。in (a) good/poor condition处于好的/坏的状况
in/out of condition健康状况好/不佳
on condition that如果；在……条件下
on no condition＝ not at all一点儿也不；决不(位于句首句子要倒装)Exercise keeps you in good condition.
锻炼使你保持健康。
He can use my bicycle on condition that he returns it tomorrow.他可以用我的自行车，条件是明天还我。
On no condition should you give up the plan.
你决不应该放弃那个计划。
【提示】 当condition表示“环境，形势”时，用复数形式。如：living/working conditions生活/工作环境。【解析】 句意：某些地区，老师的工作条件应当得到改善，因为有许多老师身体状况欠佳。第一个空用复数形式conditions表示“条件，环境”；第二个空用out of condition表示“状况不好”。
【答案】 B12．Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers.(教材P53)同时，在那些出售藏羚羊毛披肩的国家，警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊毛披肩的贩卖者。
(1) meanwhile adv.当时；同时；在那当中n.同时；其间
Mother went shopping; meanwhile I cleaned the house.妈妈去购物了，与此同时，我打扫了房间。
The train will come in an hour.Meanwhile we can have lunch.
火车还有一个小时才到，在此期间我们可以吃午饭。meanwhile＝meantime＝at the same time＝in the meantime/meanwhile在此期间；同时
I knew I wouldn't get my exam results for several weeks, and I wasn't sure what to do in the meanwhile.我知道我要数周以后才会得到自己的考试成绩，在此期间我拿不准该做点什么。(2) get tough with对……采取强硬措施；对……采取坚决态度
He'll never pay up unless you get tough with him.
如果你对他态度不强硬，他是决不会把钱付清的。
It's time to get tough with football hooligans.
是时候该好好教训一下足球流氓了。课件80张PPT。教师用书独具演示●课标技能要求
重点词汇的理解与语法的掌握。●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够准确运用定语从句。●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。 ●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束 1．aim n．目标；对准 v．对准目标；打算
The World Wide Fund for Nature is an organisation whose aim is to protect wildlife.(教材P54)世界自然保护基金组织是一个致力于保护野生生物的组织。
What is your aim in life？你的生活目标是什么？
He has only one aim in life—to succeed.
他活着只有一个目的，就是成功。①take aim at sb./sth.瞄准某人/某物
without aim无目的地(＝aimlessly adv.)
one's aim is to do... 某人的目标是……
achieve one's aim达到目标
②aim sth.at sb./sth.把……对准某人/某物
aim at...向……瞄准；旨在；针对
aim to do...＝be aimed at doing 旨在做某事；打算做……Take careful aim at the target before firing.
开火之前仔细瞄准目标。
The competition was started with the aim of encouraging young writers.
我们开展此项竞赛以鼓励新的年轻作家为目的。④他投资是为了保证自己退休以后能有收入。
He invested his money providing himself with an income when he retired.
【答案】 ①without aim ②aimed the gun at ③aim at increasing/to increase ④with the aim of2．But the trade also involve live animals.(教材P55)然而，这种交易还包括贩卖活的野生动物。
(1) involve vt.涉及；包括；需要；使参加；引起
Housework involves cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.家务事包括做饭、洗盘子、搞卫生。
Thus, the difficult cases usually involve governmental benefits.所以， 棘手的案件通常涉及政府的福利．
Don't involve me in your quarrel.
不要把我牵扯到你们的争吵中。①involve doing sth.包括/牵扯到做某事
involve sb.in (doing) sth.使某人参加做某事；把某人牵扯到某事里
involve in/into 使参与，使卷入，使陷入
involve with 牵连，涉及，与……有关
involve sb.with sb.与(某人)有密切关系
②be/get/become involved in sth./with sb.与某事有关系/与某人有牵连Don't involve yourself with those people.
不要和那些人混在一起。
She was wary of getting involved with him.
她唯恐和他有牵连。(2)live adj.活的；现场直播的，实况转播的 adv.在现场直播
The cat is playing with a live mouse.
猫在戏弄那只活老鼠。
It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.
这不是录音表演， 这是现场转播。
The landing on the moon was telecast live.
现场转播了登月行动。alive/live/living/lively3．wonder n．惊奇；惊愕；奇迹v.惊讶；惊奇；想知道
One of the wonders of the insect world.(教材P55)
昆虫世界的奇迹之一。
The Great wall is really a wonder.
长城真是一个奇迹。
They were filled with wonder at the new waterfall.
他们对新瀑布感到非常惊奇。
It is a wonder that he was so punctual this morning.
他今天早晨到得这样准时，真是怪事。①in wonder惊奇地
do/work wonders创造奇迹
It's a wonder... 奇怪的是……
(It's) no wonder (that) 难怪……；一点也不奇怪……
②wonder at/about sth./that...对……感到惊讶
wonder wh-/how-clause想知道……
wonder if/whether不知是否……Do you seriously wonder that she didn't help him?
她没有帮助他，你感到特别惊奇吗？
He hasn't slept at all for three days.It is no wonder he is tired out.他已经三天没有睡觉了。难怪他很疲倦。④当他们看到宇宙飞船时，他们非常惊奇。
They were filled when they saw the spaceship.
⑤很多人赞叹自己周围大自然的美。
Many people the beauty of nature around them.
【答案】 ①It's a wonder ②wonder if ③in wonder ④with wonder ⑤wonder at4．be concened about/over/for关心/担心某事；对某事关注
I'm concerned about the future of wildlife in Africa.(教材P57)我很担心非洲野生生物的未来。
Please do not be concerned about my health.
请不要为我的健康担心。
Many people are concerned about the pollution of the environment.许多人都关心环境污染问题。
Parents for the most part are concerned for their children.绝大部分的家长关心孩子。①be concerned in/with sth.与某事有关；涉及
as far as sb./sth.be concerned就某人(某事)而言
be concerned about/for 挂念……； 关心……
② concern n．担心；忧虑v.影响；涉及；使……担心
show/express concern about 对……表示关心/担心
③concerning prep.关于；涉及As far as I'm concerned, I think shopping online is convenient.就我个人而言，我认为网上购物很方便。
This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.这家公司对质量比对产量更重视。
The lawyer unearthed some new evidence concerning the case.律师发现了有关此案件的新证据。
【提示】 concerned作前置定语时，表示“关心的，担心的”；作后置定语时，表示“有关的，牵涉到的”。④忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。
parents held a meeting.
【答案】 ①concerned about/for ②concerned with/in ③concern ④Concerned5．keep an eye on照看；留意
To keep an eye on something means...(教材P57)
“密切注意某个东西”意思是……
We've asked the neighbors to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away.
我们已请邻居在我们离开时帮助我们照看一下房子。
Keep an eye on my suitcase while I buy my ticket.
我买票去，请帮我照看一下小提箱。have an eye for sth.对……有鉴赏力
catch one's eyes引起注意
fix/lay/put one's eyes on凝视着
look sb.in the eye直视，正视某人④他一直盯着在墙上蠕动的东西。
He something moving on the wall.
【答案】 ①keep an eye on ②caught his eyes ③look him in the eye ④fixed his eyes on6．go for someone向某人进攻，向某人打去；斥责，批评
He went for her with a knife.他拿着刀子向她进攻。
The wounded lion went for the hunter.
这只受伤的狮子向猎人进攻。
My mother went for me because I came back late after school.我妈妈因为我放学回家晚了而斥责我。go for另有“去拿(做，找)；争取；支持；喜欢；适用于”之意
go in for 爱好；从事，致力于；参加；赞成
go after追逐，追求
go all out全力以赴
go against违反，违背；对……不利
go over检查；复习观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，体会定语从句的结构和用法
①On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for—a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope.
②In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed.③It is soft , light, and warm—the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes.
④Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much.
⑤The animals were skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India，where it is made into the shawls.[自我总结]
1．定语从句以从句形式在句中作 ，修饰名词、代词、句子中的部分或全部。被修饰的部分称为 。定语从句通常在先行词之后，由 引导。常用的关系代词有：who，whom，that，which，whose等；常用的关系副词有：where, when, why等。
2．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： 和先行词的关系密切，删除后影响整个句子意义的表达；而 和先行词关系不密切，一般用逗号隔开，起补充说明的作用，删掉后不影响整个句子意思的表达。【答案】 1.定语 先行词 关系词 2.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句
There are occasions when(＝on which) one had to yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(＝in which)I was born.
北京是我出生的地方。2．定语从句中关系词的选用
方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果是及物动词，就要用关系代词；如果是不及物动词，则要用关系副词。
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年待过的山村。方法二：准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
关系词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose)；关系词在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词(where作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语)。3．that和which引导的定语从句的区别
that和which都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语或宾语，但两者存在着不同：We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
When we talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes into our mind is the West Lake.
我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。二、“介词十关系代词”的用法
1．“介词十关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。
(1)根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词。
The witness to whom the policemen referred was killed last night.警察所提到的那个目击证人昨晚被杀了。
(2)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词。
I don't know the reason for which he was late for school.我不知道他为何上学迟到。
(3)根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.
这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。2．“介词十关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom，不用that。
I'll never forget the day on which I joined the army.
我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。
This is the pencil with which I draw pictures.
这是我画画用的那支铅笔。3．关系副词where，when，why可替换成“介词＋which”，介词取决于先行词及介词＋which在从句中的作用。why只可替换for which。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
＝This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这就是两年前我居住的那个房子。
4．“不定代词或数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句说明整体中的部分。
Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of whom wanted to buy it.
上周只有两个人来看房子，他们两个人都不想买。5．“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”可替换“whose＋名词”，引导定语从句。
The house the windows of which/of which the windows were damaged has now been repaired.
窗子遭破坏的那所房子现在已经修好了。三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别如下：The Great Wall is one of the buildings that Chinese people are proud of.长城是中国人为之骄傲的建筑之一。(限制性定语从句)
Yesterday I met Mary, who looked very tired.昨天我遇到了玛丽，她看上去很累。(非限制性定语从句)四、as/which引导的非限制性定语从句As we all know, smoking is harmful to health.我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the task ahead of time, which is very important to us.他提前完成了任务，这对我们很重要。
当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
＝The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody.＝It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知，月亮每月绕地球转一圈。
(后两句属于名词性从句范畴)五、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词有where，when，why，在定语从句中代替先行词作状语，常可用“介词＋which”代替。
1．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Bamboo grows well in the place where it is warm and wet all the year.
竹子在一年四季都温暖潮湿的地方生长得好。
2．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I often thought of my childhood when I lived on a farm.我经常回想起我的童年，那时我住在一个农场里。3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
There are several reasons why we can't do that.(why＝for which)我们不那样做有好几个理由。
【提示】 situation，case，point，stage等表示“情况，方面”的名词后可接where引导的定语从句。
I think you've got to the point where a change is needed，otherwise you'll fail.我认为你已经到了应该有个改变的地步了，否则你会失败。六、正确选用关系词的依据
1．弄清关系词在从句中充当的句子成分。
如果先行词在从句中作主语，宾语，就用that，which，who，whom引导。
如果先行词在从句中作状语，就用where，when，why引导，此时，这些引导词可用相应的介词加which替换。
2．辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因等。
3．判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的。
【提示】有时为了平衡句子结构，先行词同定语从句之间被隔开，形成分隔定语从句，应注意识别。【解析】 如果选择B或D 就出现了两个句子了。本题考查非限制性定语从句，关系代词指整个一句话A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。as用在句首、句中或句末，which用在句末，正确答案应该是A。
【答案】 A【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句，which作表语，表示的就是前面整个句子的意思。句意：当沉下心工作后，他经常这样，他会忘了吃饭和睡觉。
【答案】 B3．(2012·福建高考)The air quality in the city， is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A．that B．it
C．as D．what【解析】 本题考查定语从句的引导词。本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成 is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话，用as引导“正如报告中所写的那样”。
【答案】 C【解析】 句意：心灵的护理是一个逐渐的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。in which引导非限制性定语从句，which代前面的process。
【答案】 DⅡ.用适当的关系代词/关系副词填空
1．The child answered the question was John.
2．The book you lent me was interesting.
3．Thank you for the help you have given me.
4．I can't see the reason she looks unhappy today.
5．You may take any book you like.
6．The astronaut you met in my house is going to give us a report.7．The biggest city I have ever been to is Shanghai.
8．All the books， had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.
9．The house he lives now was once a museum.
10．I remember the day she first came to our class.
【答案】 1.who/that 2.that/which 3.that/which 4.why 5.that 6.who/whom/that 7.that 8.which 9.where 10.when课件58张PPT。教师用书独具演示●课标技能要求
掌握本课时课文中的词汇，理解课文，熟练掌握用英语表达“担忧”的用法，深度理解“WWF”背景知识并就“动物保护”的话题进行英语表达。●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。
(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的看法并给出学生认为合理的建议。
(5)掌握介绍动物生活的文章的写作要领。●教学地位
本课时的内容是根据提供的一个材料，写一篇短文，这是高考作文中常见的一种类型。学好说明文的写法在高考中占有相当重要的地位。●新课导入建议
由于环境变化等原因，许多珍稀的动物正濒临灭绝。为了拯救野生动物，保护自然环境，世界各国都在采取不同的措施，唤醒人们保护自然、拯救稀有动物的意识。WWF就是世界上最大的一个自然保护组织。我们通过对WWF这篇课文的学习，来进一步了解这个组织的目的和任务，正确认识自然与人的关系，增强保护生态环境的意识并从身边的小事做起。演示结束 Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P59课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．The WWF was founded in Switzerland in the year 1961.( )
2．Peter was both a painter and a naturalist.( )
3．At present the organization has branches in 130 countries.( )4．The WWF only pays attention to protecting wild animals in danger.( )
5．Saving the panda is one of the projects that the WWF is carrying out in China.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.TⅡ.语篇理解
Read the passage “WWF” quickly and finish the chart.【答案】 1.in danger of 2.the famous panda 3.in 1961 4．has branches; supporters 5.nature conservation
6．environment 7.environmental education 8.since 1980 9.an office 10.thirty staff1．feed on(动物)以……为食
They feed mainly on insects and small reptiles, but also eat fish and frogs.(教材P58)
它们主要以昆虫和小的爬行动物为食，也吃鱼和青蛙。
Birds feed on worms and grains.鸟以虫和谷物为食。
Butterflies feed on the flowers of garden plants.
蝴蝶以园林中草木的花为食。2．be supposed to do sth.被认为应当/理应做某事
The population is supposed to be less than 5,000; some experts believe the figure could be nearer 2,000.(教材P58)(这种动物的)数量被普遍认为不足5000只，有些专家认为这个数字接近2000。
Students are not supposed to play football in the street.学生不应在马路上踢足球。
I haven't seen it myself, but it is supposed to be a great movie.
这部电影我没有看过，不过人们普遍认为它很不错。①suppose ＋sb.＋(to be) ＋adj./n.认为某人……
②I suppose so/not我想会的/不会的
③I don't suppose that...我认为……不……(否定前移)
④疑问词＋do you suppose＋陈述句？你认为……？(do you suppose为插入语)All of his friends supposed her to be his wife.
他所有的朋友都以为她是他的太太。
—It's going to be fine this evening.
今晚一切都会好的。
—I suppose so.我想会的。【对接高考】
(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed，Tom？You're to be asleep.
A．supposed B．known
C．thought D．considered
【解析】 考查固定短语。句意：汤姆，你不在床上，你在做什么？你应该上床睡觉了。be supposed to do sth.“本应该做某事”，为固定短语，符合句意。
【答案】 A3．stand for代表；主张，坚持；容忍(多用于否定句)
The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature.(教材P59)大写字母WWF为世界大自然野生动物保护基金会的缩写。
What does “ESL” stand for? “ESL”代表什么？
I am not standing for it any longer.
这种事我再也不能容忍了。
We Chinese stand for peace and wish to settle all disputes by peaceful means.我们中国人民是主张和平的，希望用和平方式解决争端。stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand out显著；突出
stand up站立；站起来
can't stand sth./doing sth.不能忍受(做)某事How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help？当她需要帮助时，你怎么能袖手旁观呢？
I can't stand seeing children smoking.
我无法忍受看见孩子们吸烟。
The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand out well.新路标容易辨认，上面的字很醒目。4．focus n．焦点；集中点
The focus of attention has changed, too.(教材P59)
关注的焦点也发生了改变。
The focus of this chapter is the American Revolution.
本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。focus v．集中；聚集；使集中
focus on集中(注意力、精力于)
focus sth.on集中某物于/把某物对准……
focus one's attention/mind/energy on集中注意力/心思/精力于We must focus (our attention) on urgent problems.
我们必须把注意力集中在紧迫的问题上。
All eyes were focused on him.大家的眼光都注视着他。 5．The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy.(教材P59)WWF相信只有人们学会保护自然并且不浪费我们的资源，我们的地球才会有美好的未来。
only if的意思是“只有……才……”，引导真实条件句，句子中不用虚拟语气，其中的only if放于句首表示强调，主句要部分倒装。
You can make progress only if you are modest.
只有虚心才能进步。
Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。if only/only if6．set up建立；设立
Then, in 1995, the organization set up an office in Beijing.(教材P59)于是，在1995年，这个组织在北京设立了一个办事机构。
They set up a tent near the seashore.
他们在海滨附近搭起了一个帐篷。
A few scarecrows were set up in the fields.
田里竖起了几个稻草人。
She set up a new world record time in the l00 metres.
她创下了新的百米世界记录。put up/set up/build/found【对接高考】
(2012·福建高考)You had better some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
A．set aside B．take up
C．put away D．give out
【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。根据后半句so that you can keep yourself energetic可知上半句应该是建议对方要多留出时间进行运动。set aside“留出，拨出” ；take up“占据，从事“；put away“收拾好”；give out“发出，分发”，根据句意只能选择A项。
【答案】 A描写一种动物
1．此类文章属于说明文的范畴，以“说明”为主要表达方式，用来介绍动物的类属、生活习性、生存状态、外貌特征等，可对描述的对象作总体概括介绍，给人以直观的总体认识，然后进行具体说明，目的在于给人知识，了解此种动物。
2．此类文章多用一般现在时。文章应合理安排结构，注意行文的条理清晰，在动笔之前要想好描述顺序，句与句之间怎样衔接，段与段之间怎样联系。[常用句式]
①The snake/tiger...is a．..animal that lives in...
②Lions/Tigers...have...shoulders, strong legs and powerful jaws.
③A guide dog is a dog especially trained to guide a blind person.
④In recent years，...has been developing rapidly.
⑤It is loved by...
⑥So we must do our best to...
⑦So that this kind of animal will...[题目要求]
根据下列要点提示写一篇描述大象的短文。
1．大象是最大的陆地动物，出生时一般重90公斤，身高1米左右。当12岁成年时，它的身高达3米多，以后不再生长。大象呈灰色，有长长的鼻子，在嘴的两侧各有一根长长的象牙。
2．大象通常集体生活在一起，彼此互相照顾。
3．多年来人们利用这种强壮的动物来搬运重物。
注意：词数120左右。
参考词汇：象牙ivory tusk；象鼻trunk[词汇热身]
1．称(重量)；重达……
2．不再
3．呈灰色
4．集体生活
5．关心；照顾
6．对……有用
【答案】 1.weigh 2.not...any more 3.grey in colour 4．in groups 5.care for 6.be useful to[句式温习]
1．大象是陆地上最大的动物。
The elephant .
2．出生时一般重90公斤，身高1米左右。
It and is about when born.
3．当12岁成年时，它的身高达3米多，以后不再生长。
When it is 12 years old, it is and .4．大象通常集体生活在一起，彼此互相照顾。人们都知道它是一种非常温顺的动物。
， the elephant is known to be a very gentle creature.
5．多年来人们利用这种强壮的动物来搬运重物。
For many years people have move heavy things.
【答案】 1.is the largest animal on land today
2．weighs some ninety kilograms; one metre high
3．over three metres tall; does not grow any more
4．Usually living in groups and caring for each other
5．used the strength of these powerful animals to【参考范文】
The elephant is the largest animal on land today.It weighs some ninety kilograms and is about one metre high when born.When it is 12 years old, it is over three metres tall and does not grow any more.
The elephant is usually grey in colour, having a long trunk with large ivory tusks on each side of its mouth.Usually living in groups and caring for each other, the elephant is known to be a very gentle creature.For many years people have used the strength of these powerful animals to move trees and heavy logs.The elephant has been and is a tool for people to do many things.The elephant is and will continue to be one of the greatest creatures man has ever come into contact with.Its size, beauty and power will forever be useful to man.课件25张PPT。Ⅰ.立体式复习单词
A．基础单词
1． n．保护区
2． n．挣扎；斗争
3． n．战斗
4． adj.理想的
5． vt.剥皮
6． n．(某事发生的)准确地点；现场7． n．条件；情况
8． adv.同时
9． n．目标；目的
10． vt.产卵；下蛋
11． n．奇迹
12． n．昆虫
13． n．分支
14． n．焦点；集中点
15． n．能源
16． vt.浪费
17． vt.监控 【答案】 1.reserve 2.struggle 3.battle 4.ideal
5．skin 6.spot 7.condition 8.meanwhile 9.aim 10.lay 11.wonder 12.insect 13.branch 14.focus 15.energy 16.waste 17.monitorB．词汇派生
18． vt.使……处于险境；危及→ 濒危的→ n．危险→ adj.危险的
19． adj.灭绝的；绝种的→ n．灭绝；绝种
20． vt.保护→ n．保护
21． adj.值……钱→ adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的→ adj.值得的；应得的
22． vt.涉及；包括→ adj.棘手的；有关的
【答案】 18.endanger; endangered; danger; dangerous 19.extinct; extinction 20.protect; protection 21.worth；worthwhile；worthy 22.involve；involvedⅡ.递进式回顾短语
A．短语互译
1．放下；写下put
2．为……献身give one's life
3．当场 the spot
4．成为时尚come fashion
5．对……采取强硬措施get tough
6．一次 a time
7．积极参加 take an active part
8． be concerned for/about9． keep an eye on
10． feed on
11． stand for
12． set up
13． go for
14． be supposed to
【答案】 1.down 2.to 3.on 4.into 5.with 6.at 7.in 8.关心/担心…… 9.密切注视 10.(动物)以……为食 11.代表 12.建立；设立 13.袭击；适用于 14.理应；应该B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子
1．Having suffered a heavy loss, we our company's future.
2．—Will you my child for a while?
—With pleasure.She's fun, I think.
3．The letters PLA the People's Liberation Army.
4．Will you your address here?
5．A monument was as a memorial to the dead soldiers.【答案】 1.are concerned about/for 2.keep an eye on 3.stand for 4.put down 5.set up【答案】 1.We will go to the party when (we are) invited. 2.The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 3.John is supposed to go to bed before 10 o'clock. 4.I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard.因此，在阅读中，我们要对文章的首段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的关注。有的中心思想隐含在文章中，比如有的故事类文章可能没有主题句，这需要我们对字里行间的事实、细节进行分析、推断和归纳，从而概括出文章大意。【实例透析】
(2012·安徽高考·D)
[1]In Asia，there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them.Although all kites have a similar structure(结构)，they are widely different in size and shape.Kite-fighting competitions are also held，in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents'(对手)kites or cut their strings(线)．[2]For more than 15 years，the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite-flying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii.In its kite-making lessons，students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes！Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite.Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.Their kites are made of nylon(尼龙)．Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.[3]The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern.The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite.Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in.Then the controls are given to the students.[4]Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites.Even the simplest structure can work，and can give hours of fun.Go on, give it a try!7．What is mainly described in the text?
A．A kite factory.
B．Kite-flying lessons.
C．Special competitions.
D．The kite-making process.【解析】 A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了夏威夷岛上的一家风筝工厂在生产风筝的同时，一直坚持给孩子们提供制作风筝和放风筝的课程。文章的第一段起铺垫作用，重点是后文对风筝工厂的介绍。B项“放风筝的课程”，C项“特殊的比赛”，D项“风筝制作过程”，都是文中的细节，不能概括全文。第二、第三、第四段都是对the Big Wind Kite Factory进行描述的。故选A。
【技巧点拨】
文章及段落大意题的解题关键在于确定主题句。一般说来，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首，较多出现在说明文和议论文中；若作者采用由“特殊→一般→特殊”的方式，主题句可能出现在段落的中间。有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容去概括出主题句。【现场练兵】
(2012·江西高考·D)
[1]For those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages.Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village.Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.
...71．What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1?
A．Travel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages.
B．The speed of modern travel has made distances relatively short.
C．The freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams.
D．Man has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place.【解析】 B。段落大意题。本段的首句就是主题句，后面通过今昔交通方式的对比说明主题“对于喜欢全世界旅游的人来说，现在的旅行速度使得在国家之间的旅行变得就像在村庄之间旅行那样快”。关键词speed，today，distance等表明B项正确，即作者在第一段是想让读者知道“现代旅行的速度使得距离相对缩短了”。
