北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册英语 Unit 11 Topic Talk & Lesson 1（重点 词、句）课件(共46张PPT)

(共46张PPT)
Unit 11
Conflict and Compromise
Living in a Community
Topic Talk & Lesson 1　
02
03
句子控
语法汇
模块
导航
01
词汇斩
定向练1
用annoy的正确形式填空。
1．He got very________ with me about my carelessness.
2．How ________！ I left my wallet at home!
3．She ________ that he didn’t answer her letter.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．annoyed
2．annoying
3．was annoyed
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He was ________ (shame) of cheating in the exam and determined never to do that again.
2．It’s a shame ________ you live at such a distance; otherwise we could see each other often.
3．What ________ shame! She failed her test again.
4．Do not be ashamed ________ (miss) my wedding.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．ashamed　ashamed是形容词，意为“惭愧的”，在此处作表语。
2．that　It’s a shame that… 为固定句式，意为“真遗憾……”。
3．a　句意为：真遗憾！ 她又没通过测验。
4．to miss　be ashamed to do sth意为“因做某事而感到内疚”。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．我必须告诉你，我为你的失误感到难为情。
I must tell you that I am ________ ________ ________ ________.　
2．精神疾病并不让人感到羞愧。
Mental illness is nothing to ________ ________ ________.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．ashamed of your mistake　
2．be/feel ashamed of/at
定向练3
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．They found a small food store and bought two ________ (pack) of biscuits.
2．Holidaymakers are ________ (pack) their buckets and spades (铲) and heading for the beach.
3．They packed ________ their belongings and went home.
4．I suggest that you shouldn’t pack this course ________ your already busy schedule.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．packs　句意为：他们找到一家小食品店，买了两包饼干。
2．packing　句意为：度假者们正收拾他们的水桶和铲子，准备前往沙滩。
3．up　句意为：他们打点行李，回家了。pack up sth意为“打点某物”。
4．in/into　句意为：我建议你不要把这门课程排进你本已经很满的日程表里。
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The American couple complained ________ the high cost of visiting Europe.
2．The roadworks caused much ________ (complain) among local residents.
3．Most of the time, we just complain ________ each other about tough bosses, unfriendly co-workers, and sometimes, bad clients.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．about/of　句意为：这对美国夫妇抱怨到欧洲旅行的花销太高。考查complain about/of sth，意为“抱怨某事”。　
2．complaint　句意为：道路施工引起当地居民很大的不满。此处需用名词作caused的宾语。
3．to　考查complain to sb，意为“向某人抱怨”。
定向练5
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I got arrested ________ careless driving.
2．Her uncle was ________ arrest, but nobody knew the reason.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．for　句意为：我因为莽撞驾驶被捕。
2．under　句意为：她的叔叔被捕了，但是没人知道原因。
3．Five youths ________ (arrest) in connection with the attack yesterday.
4．Chandler, I’m going to have you ________ (arrest)．
词汇斩
【解析】
3．were arrested　句意为：昨天，五名年轻人因涉嫌这起袭击案而被捕。
4．arrested　句意为：钱德勒，我要逮捕你。此处考查“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，you与arrest之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。
定向练6
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He can’t tolerate ________ (laugh) at in public.
2．Every man has his faults.We should, therefore, learn to be ________ (tolerate)．
3．People are becoming less tolerant ________ smoking in public places these days.
4．My father seldom showed much ________ (tolerant) towards us children.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．being laughed　句意为：他不能容忍在公共场合受到嘲笑。
2．tolerant　句意为：每个人都有缺点。因此，我们应该学会宽容。
3．of/towards　句意为：现在人们对在公共场所吸烟(这一行为)的容忍度越来越低。
4．tolerance　句意为：我的父亲很少对我们这些孩子表现得很宽容。
定向练7
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He didn’t want to bother her ________ this problem when she was on holiday.
2．Most of the people didn’t even bother ________ (report) it.
词汇斩
【解析】
1．with/about　句意为：他不想在她度假时因为这个问题打扰她。bother sb with/about sth意为“以某事打扰某人”。
2．reporting/to report　句意为：大多数人甚至懒得报道它。not bother doing/to do sth意为“不费心做某事”。　
3．________ bothered me that my roommate messed up the room and refused to tidy it up.
4．You are so busy that I do hope I haven’t been ________ bother.
词汇斩
【解析】　
3．It　句意为：让我苦恼的是，我的室友把房间弄得一团糟还拒绝打扫。It bothers/bothered sb that… 意为“让某人苦恼的是……”。 It作形式主语，后面的that从句作真正的主语。
4．a　句意为：你那么忙，真希望我没打扰你。bother在此处表示“令人烦恼的人”，为单数名词，且bother的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。
句子控
定向练1
用“助动词do/does/did＋谓语动词”结构翻译句子。
1．昨天下午，我的确去过公园。
________________________________________________________________________
2．我每天早上的确起得很早。
________________________________________________________________________
3．她学习真的很努力。
________________________________________________________________________
【解析】
1．Yesterday afternoon, I did go to the park.
2．I do get up very early every morning.
3．She does study very hard.
句子控
定向练2
翻译句子。
1．一旦你理解了这条规则，你就不会再有进一步的困难。
________________________________________________________________________
2．机会一旦失去就很难获得。
________________________________________________________________________
【解析】
1．Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.
2．Once it is lost, the chance will be hard to get.
句子控
定向练3
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．If I ________ (be) you, I wouldn’t wait.
2．Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you ________ (tell) me, I could have helped.
3．If you had worked harder, you ________ (succeed)．
【解析】
1．were　句意为：如果我是你，我不会等。
2．had told　句意为：上周你为什么不告诉我你的困难？如果你告诉我，我本可以帮你。根据句意及主句谓语could have helped可知，此处表示对过去事实的虚拟，if从句的谓语应用过去完成时。故填had told。
3．could/might/would have succeeded　句意为：如果你工作更努力些，你可能已经成功了。
句子控
二、用倒装结构改写句子。
1．If it were not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
________ ________ ________ ________ the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
2．If you had worked harder, you could have succeeded.
________ ________ ________ ________， you could have succeeded.
【解析】
1．Were it not for
2．Had you worked harder
句子控
定向练4
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]You can’t help ________ (wonder) how hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
2．To avoid ________ (catch) in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7: 00 in the morning from home by car.
【解析】
1．wondering　句意为：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放到合适的位置是多么困难。
2．being caught　句意为：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。
句子控
3．I really can’t stand ________ (do) such a boring job.I am going to do something different.
4．[天津2020年7月·改编]Jones was shocked when she said that she didn’t actually mind ________ (cheat) by a cheat.
5．You should not miss ________ (make) up for your missed lessons.
【解析】
3．doing　句意为：我实在不能忍受做这样无聊的工作。我要做一些不同的事情。
4．being cheated　句意为：当她说她实际上并不介意被骗子欺骗时，琼斯很震惊。
5．making　句意为：你不应该错过补习你落下的功课。
句子控
定向练5
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．东南地区雨量充足，而西北地区则很少下雨。
There is plenty of rain in the southeast, ________________．
2．在昨天的会议上，一些人反对他的计划，而其他人支持他的计划，(最终)没有达成一致意见。
At yesterday’s meeting, some were against his plan ________________， with no agreement reached.
【解析】
1．while there’s little in the northwest
2．while others were in favour of it
句子控
3．我看书的时候睡着了。
________________， I fell asleep.
4．我在弹钢琴，她在跳舞。
She was dancing ________________．
5．稍等一下，我会来帮你的。
________________ and then I will help you.
【解析】
3．While I was reading
4．while I was playing the piano
5．Just wait a while
句子控
定向练6
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Not only I but also my sister ________ (enjoy) the journey very much although it rains unexpectedly.
2．He not only ________ (help) his own family but also held out a helping hand to many other men less fortunate than him.
【解析】
1．enjoys　句意为：尽管突然下雨了，但我和姐姐都非常享受这次旅行。分析句子结构可知，Not only… but also… 连接两个并列成分，设空处为主句的谓语动词，谓语动词的数应与其邻近的主语my sister保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式。
2．helped　句意为：他不仅帮助了自己的家庭，而且还向许多其他比他不幸的人伸出了援助之手。not only… but also… 连接两个并列成分，根据but also后的held out可知，此处也应用一般过去时。
句子控
3．Not only the people of our nation, ________ all the people of the world have profited from his work.
4．Not only ________ they need clothing, but they are also short of water.
【解析】
3．but　句意为：不仅我们国家的人，世界上所有的人都从他的工作成果中受益。not only… but also… 中的also通常可以省略。
4．do　句意为：他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。此处Not only置于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装形式。
句子控
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．做早操不仅对你的健康有好处，而且可以提高你的学习成绩。
Not only ________ doing morning exercises ________ ________ your health, ________ ________ it ________ ________ your academic performance.
2．他不仅有工作经验，而且乐于指导年轻的工人。
Not only _______ ______ have work experience, but also he ________ ________ ________instruct young workers.
【解析】
1．is; good for; but also; can improve
2．does he; is willing to
句子控
定向练7
一、用so或such填空。
1.They are ________ little birds that we can’t see them in the sky.
2．This story is ________ interesting that I want to read it again.
3．It is ________ an interesting story that I want to read it again.
4．They are ________ good students that the teacher likes them.
【解析】
1．such
2．so
3．such
4．such
句子控
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．这是一个如此完美的计划，因此我们的项目进展顺利。
__________________________ our project went smoothly.
2．我太紧张了，以至于在演奏过程中失误了几次。
__________________________ I made several mistakes while playing.
【解析】
1．It was such a perfect plan that/It was so perfect a plan that
2．I was so nervous that
句子控
三、同义句转换。
This problem is so difficult that nobody can work it out.
→It is ________ ________ ________ ________ that nobody can work it out.
→It is ________ ________ ________ ________ that nobody can work it out.
【解析】
such a difficult problem; so difficult a problem
句子控
定向练8
根据汉语意思用as的相关用法完成句子。
1．随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更加糟糕了。
________ ________ ________， things seemed to get worse.
2．做一位母亲并不像我当初想的那样糟！
Being a mother ________ ________ ________ ________ I thought at first!
【解析】
1．As time passed
2．isn’t as/so bad as
句子控
3．尽管他是一个孩子，但他知道如何关心别人。
________ ________ he is, he knows how to care about others.
4．因为天气太糟糕，我们不得不推迟旅行。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we had to put off the trip.
5．你应该按照老师告诉你的去做。
You should do ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.　
【解析】
3．Child as
4．As the weather was too bad
5．as the teacher tells/told you
定向练
一、用适当的情态动词填空。
1．Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________easily reach the books on the top shelf.
2．It was really annoying; I ________ not get access to the data bank you had recommended.
3．—Can’t you stay a little longer
—It’s getting late.I really________ go now.My daughter is at home alone.
语法汇
【解析】
1．can　句意为：塞缪尔是我们班最高的男生，他能轻松地够着书架顶层的书。表示与生俱来的能力，应用can。
2．could　句意为：真令人恼火，我无法进入你推荐的数据库。由was可知应填can的过去式could。
3．must　句意为：——难道你不能多待一会儿吗？——天晚了。我现在真的必须走了。我女儿一个人在家。此处指说话人觉得自己“必须”该走了，强调说话人的主观看法，故用must。
4．The door ________ not open, no matter how hard she pushed.
5．One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniforms while at school.
6．In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ________ take care of your luggage.
7．Metals ________ expand when heated.
语法汇
【解析】
4．would　句意为：不管她多用力地推，门就是打不开。由pushed可知，此处应用一般过去时，且表示物体的倾向性，故用would。
5．shall　句意为：我们有一条规定是每个学生在校期间必须穿校服。shall用于第三人称的陈述句中，在规定、条约等文件中表示义务或规定。
6．must/should　句意为：在像机场和火车站这样拥挤的地方，你一定要/应该看好自己的行李。
7．will　句意为：金属遇热时会膨胀。用will表示固有属性或必然趋势。
8．You’d better pull over if you ________ answer a phone call.
9．Don’t bite off more than you ________ chew.
10．When I was a child and something awful was happening, my mum ________ tell me to close my eyes.
11．You can’t imagine such a gentleman ________ be so rude to a lady.
语法汇
【解析】
8．must　句意为：如果你非要接电话，那你最好靠边停车。
9．can　句意为：贪多嚼不烂。can表示能力。
10．would　句意为：当我还是个孩子时，(如果)有不好的事情发生了，妈妈常常会告诉我闭上眼睛。would表示过去的习惯性动作。
11．should　句意为：你无法想象这样一个绅士竟然对一位女士这么无礼。用should表示说话者的惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。
二、选择括号内适当的词(组)并用其正确形式填空。
1．There ________ (would/used to) be a temple, but now there are only high buildings.
2．I suggest you ________ (should/could) visit the Three Gorges Dam.It’s fascinating.
3．We ________ (must/have to) return by the end of February.We started to work again in March.
语法汇
【解析】
1．used to　此处表示“曾经有过……”，根据后面的but now可知，现在不是过去的样子了，所以选择used to。
2．should　由于主句中的suggest表建议，故宾语从句中用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”。
3．had to　根据started和in March可知，此处时态应用一般过去时，且表示客观上讲“不得不”，故had to符合语境。
4．Everyone ________ (must/have to) respect the law.
5．During the vacation, he ________(shall/would) visit me every other day.　
6．I insisted that he ________ (ought to/should) stay.
7．They ________ (would/might) be away at the weekend but I’m not sure.
语法汇
【解析】
4．must　句意为：每个人必须守法。
5．would　would表示习惯性动作，意为“总是”。
6．should　insist意为“坚决要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”。
7．might　根据后面的I’m not sure可知应用might。
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．迈克尔不可能是一个警察，因为他太粗心了。
Michael ________________ a policeman, for he is much too careless.
2．我的家乡三月份通常很暖和，但有时候可能会相当冷。
It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but ________________ sometimes.
3．莉莎很可能不想去旅行，因为她讨厌旅游。
Liza ________________ to go on the trip, for she hates travelling.
语法汇
【解析】
1．can’t be　can用于否定句中，表示“不可能”。
2．can be rather cold　此处用can表示客观或理论上的可能性。
3．may/might well not want　may和might后可接副词well加强语气，意为“很可能”。
4．虽然这听起来可能像一个简单的任务，但还是需要非常细心。
Although this______________ a simple task, great care is needed.
5．你是什么意思呢？只有10张票？应该有12张才对吧？
What do you mean, there are only ten tickets ________________ twelve.
6．灯还亮着，所以他一定在家。
The light is still on, so he________________ .
语法汇
【解析】
4．may/might sound like　may/might在此表推测，意为“可能”。
5．There should/ought to be　should/ought to表推测，意为“应该”。　
6．must be at home　must用于肯定句中，表示有把握的推测，意为“肯定”。
7．去做你现在能做的事，否则你可能永远不能做它们了。
Do what you can now or you________________ do them for ever.
8．我告诉了你的朋友如何到达旅馆，但也许我本应该开车载她去那里。
I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I________________ there.
9．肯定是有人打开了笼子。狮子不可能是自己逃出去的。
Somebody ________________ the cage—the lion ________________ on its own.
语法汇
【解析】
7．may/might not be able to　may/might not表推测，意为“可能不”。
8．should have driven her　should have done 表示本应该做某事却没做。
9．must have opened; couldn’t have escaped　第一空表示对过去情况有把握的肯定推测，表示一定发生了某事；第二空表示对过去情况的有把握的否定推测，表示不可能发生了某事。
10．他们的答案完全一样，肯定是一个人抄袭了另一个人的。
Their answers are exactly the same—one of them ________________ from the other.
11．谢谢你上周的努力工作，我认为没有你的话我们不可能完成这个任务。
Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ________________ the task without you.
12．他昨天没来学校，难道他生病了？
He didn’t come to school yesterday.________________？
语法汇
【解析】
10．must have copied　must have done表示对过去情况的有把握的肯定推测。
11．could have finished　couldn’t have done表示“不可能已经……”，该句中的not前置到think之前。
12．Can/Could he have been ill　can/could用于疑问句中表推测，意为“难道(已经)”，而且这句话是对过去的推测，故用can/could have done结构。
13．我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把它们落在学校了。
I can’t find my keys.I ________________ them at the school yesterday.
14．祝你早日实现梦想。
________________ your dream as soon as you can.
15．据说慢跑有益于减肥，所以你不妨试一试。
It’s said that jogging is beneficial to losing weight, so you ________________ have a go.
语法汇
【解析】
13．may/might have left　表示对过去事实不大肯定的推测，表示“可能已经……”。
14．May you realise　“May＋主语＋动词原形”表示祝愿。
15．may/might as well　固定搭配may/might as well，意为“不妨……”。
四、同义句转换。
1．He doesn’t dare to go out alone at night.
→He ________ ________ ________ ________ alone at night.
2．Children are not supposed to play in the street.
→Children ________ not play in the street.
语法汇
【解析】
1．dare not go out　句意为：他晚上不敢独自外出。dare可作情态动词，也可作实义动词，作情态动词时，本身无词形变化，否定式直接在dare后面加not。
2．should　句意为：孩子们不应该在街上玩耍。be supposed to在本句中意为“应该”，可替换为情态动词should，表示建议、劝告。
3．When I finish reading the book, I promise that I will give it to you.
→You ________ have the book when I finish reading it.
语法汇
【解析】
3．shall　句意为：我读完这本书后，你就可以拥有它了。此处shall用于第二人称的陈述句中，表示允诺。
五、在空白处填入1个适当的情态动词。
1．Although you ________ find bargains in London，it’s generally not a cheap place to shop.
2．You ________ be hungry after all that long walking.
语法汇
【解析】
1．can　句意为：虽然你能在伦敦买到便宜货，但通常来讲在那里购物不便宜。该空表示“客观或理论上的可能性”，应用情态动词can。
2．must　句意为：走了那么长的路你一定饿了。must表示根据事实断定所推测的事几乎接近事实，通常只用于肯定句。
3．—It ________ be John who is in the office.
—No, it ________ be him.I saw him off at the airport half an hour ago.
4．—He was satisfied with the result, wasn’t he
—No.The exam was so difficult that he ________have passed it.
语法汇
【解析】
3．must; can’t　句意为：——一定是约翰在办公室。——不，不可能是他。半小时前我在机场送走了他。must表推测只用于肯定句，表示肯定猜测；can’t意为“不可能”，表示有把握的否定推测。4．couldn’t　句意为：——他对结果很满意，不是吗？ ——不。考试太难了，他不可能通过。固定结构couldn’t have done sth意为“不可能做某事”，此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测，主句谓语动词为过去式，故此处用couldn’t。
5．Sorry, I’m late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
6．Mr Bush is on time for everything.How ________it be that he was late for such an important meeting
7．He ________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
语法汇
【解析】
5．may/might　句意为：对不起，我迟到了，可能是我关掉闹钟又回去接着睡觉了。may/might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，表示“可能做过……”。
6．can/could　句意为：布什先生做每件事都准时。他怎么可能会在这么重要的会议上迟到呢？疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could，此时can/could表示可能性，有怀疑、不相信之意，故填can或could。
7．must　句意为：他一定完成了工作，要不然，他不会在海边玩得那么开心。must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测，故填must。
六、选词填空。
1．Lack of sleep ________ (can/must) lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.
2．He realised that someone ________ (must/can’t) have entered his room.Something important was missing.
语法汇
【解析】
1．can　句意为：睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降，还会减缓身体发育。表示理论上的可能性用can。
2．must　句意为：他意识到一定有人进过他的房间。(因为)某个重要的东西丢了。must have done sth意为“肯定做过某事”，是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。
3．—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Children’s Palace
—Sorry, I am not sure.But it________ (must/might) be.
语法汇
【解析】
3．might　句意为：——打扰一下，请问这是通往少年宫的路吗？——对不起，我不确定。但它有可能是。根据上文I am not sure可知，应用情态动词might表示“可能”，语气较委婉。