备战2023中考英语语法知识梳理——专题十三复合句、并列句和连词（河北）(共58张PPT)

(共58张PPT)
专题十三 复合句、并列句和连词
专题十三 复合句、并列句和连词
栏目导航
数据纵览 考情分析
1
数据链接 真题试做
2
数据共享 考点聚集
3
知识导图
复合句、并列句、连词
复合句
并列句
连词
2013—2022年河北中考命题分析
数据纵览 考情分析
1
宾语从句是河北中考的必考点,考查形式多为单项选择,但2019、2022年以连词成句的形式来考查。主要考查语序或疑问词的选择。连词是重要考点,包括从属连词与并列连词,多在单项选择或完形填空中出现。定语从句虽然关系考生对阅读材料的理解,但近年来对其没有设题考查 考生要认真体会各种复合句的构成与原则,把握题目的关键,宾语从句从时态、语序、从句的引导词入手;状语从句要考虑主句与从句的时态,以及根据语境确定连词是什么
考点综述
满分攻略
2023预测 (★★☆) 预测2023河北中考会继续考查宾语从句,形式为单项选择或连词成句。对于连词的考查多集中在单项选择或完形填空中。定语从句有可能在词语运用中考查关系代词的填写。分值2-3分
考点 年份 宾语从句 状语从句与 从属连词 定语从句 并列句与 并列连词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2022 85 连词成句 35 if, unless, though, before — — 33 so, or, for, but
2021 — — 34 while, after, since, until — — — —
— — 48 because, though, before, unless — — — —
续表
续表
考点 年份 宾语从句 状语从句与 从属连词 定语从句 并列句与 并列连词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2020 40 考查疑问词的选择 44 before, until, since, if — — — —
2019 85 连词成句 35 before, after, when, until — — — —
2018 35 考查疑问词的选择 29 until, after, while, before — — 37 or, so, and, but
续表
考点 年份 宾语从句 状语从句与 从属连词 定语从句 并列句与 并列连词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2017 — — 34 if, when, since, unless — — — —
2016 40 考查疑问词的选择 49 until, after, while, before — — 30 or, so, but, and
2015 40 考查从句的意义 49 after, since, before, until — — — —
续表
考点 年份 宾语从句 状语从句与 从属连词 定语从句 并列句与 并列连词
题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置 题号 题目设置
2014 40 考查从句的时态 38 though, because, while, unless — — 32 or, so,
and, but
45 考查从句的意义 49 until, after, while, before 30 or, so, but, and
2013 44 考查疑问词的时态 35 考查时间状语从句中的时态 — — 40 but, and,
so, or
48 when, until, before, since
数据链接 真题试做
2
单项选择
1. (2022·河北) I saw a good film, 　　 I can’t remember its name.
A. so B. or C. for D. but
2. (2022·河北) 　　 you can use your dictionary, you will learn English better.
A. If B. Unless C. Though D. Before
D
A
4
1
2
数据共享 考点聚焦
3
宾语从句
状语从句与从属连词
定语从句
并列句与并列连词
考点 一
考点 一
考点 三
考点 四
宾语从句
考点考法强化
1. (2022·沧州青县二模) At the science museum, the kids get to know 　　.
A. what is the space robot like
B. what the space robot looks like
C. how does the space robot like
D. how the space robot looks like
B
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考点 一
2. (2022·邯郸馆陶区一模) — Do you know 　　
— To Beijing. The Winter and Summer Olympics were held there.
A. when we’ll go on a trip
B. how we’ll go on a trip
C. what we’ll do for the trip
D. where we’ll go on a trip
D
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6
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3. (2022·秦皇岛海港区二模) — Mr. Chen, can you tell me 　　
— We usually get together and eat delicious mooncakes.
A. why you like the Chinese New Year best
B. when you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C. how Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D. what Chinese people do on the Mid-Autumn Festival
C
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4. (2022·唐山路北区二模) Could you tell me how long 　　 the tennis club
A. you have joined B. have you joined
C. you have been in D. have you been in
5. (2022·石家庄十八县二模) We don’t know 　　. Nancy hasn’t told us the exact time yet.
A. where she left B. when she left
C. why she left D. how she left
C
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B
6. (2022·新疆) — I wonder 　　.
— Yes, it tastes really nice.
A. who likes eating zongzi
B. where we can buy this kind of zongzi
C. how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi
D. if Jiaxing zongzi is delicious
D
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学法方法点拨
1. 宾语从句的引导词
引导词 作用 例句
that 从句是陈述句,本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略 I believe that he will come to help me. 我相信他会来帮助我。
if/whether 从句是一般疑问句,二者意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略 He asked me if I had finished my homework. 他问我是否已经完成了作业。
续表
引导词 作用 例句
what、which、who、whose、whom连接代词;when(表时间)、where(表地点)、why(表原因)、how(表方式)等连接副词 从句是疑问句,这些引导词在句中充当一定的成分 Mary asked me where I bought my dress. 玛丽问我在哪里买的裙子。(where充当从句中的状语)
2. 宾语从句的时态
①如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
We all know that Danny used to be shy.
我们都知道丹尼过去内向。
②如果主句是过去的某种时态,那么宾语从句通常用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
I asked Jim if he would go with me.
我问吉姆是否要和我一起去。
③如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
Our physics teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
我们物理老师告诉我们光传播得比声音快。
3. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述语序,即按照“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”的顺序。
Do you know where Jeff comes from
你知道杰夫从哪里来吗
4. 否定转移
在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I think Class One will win the game. (变为否定句)→ I don’t think Class One will win the game.
考点考法强化
1. (2022·邯郸大名县三模) Get things ready early 　　 you don’t have to rush around at the last minute.
A. until B. so that C. since D. while
2. (2022·唐山路北区二模) 　　 they’re sisters, they don’t look the same.
A. If B. When C. but D. Though
B
状语从句与从属连词
D
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考点 二
3. (2022·自贡改编) — Learning to love is like learning to walk.
— Yes, 　　 we step out bravely, we can find it easy.
A. although B. when C. unless D. until
4. (2022·重庆) 　　 Zhang Guimei isn’t in good health, she works hard to help her students.
A.Although B.IfC.Because D.When
B
A
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5. (2022·安徽) You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country　　　　____ you go there in person.
A. because B. unless C. as soon as D. as long as
6. (2022·邵阳改编) — Mike, why are you reading outside
— I cannot enter the library 　　 it opens.
A. because B. if C. until D. although
B
C
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7. (2022·自贡模拟) I won’t take part in Julie’s birthday party unless I 　　
A. am invited B. am not invited C. will be invited D. won’t be invited
8. (2022·温州鹿城区校级三模) — How is Mary getting on with her schoolwork
— It’s hard to say. She will fail the high school entrance exam 　　 she keeps studying hard.
A. after B. until C. when D. unless
A
D
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9. (2022·三明三元区二模改编) Tom is always full of hope 　　 he met many difficulties in his life.
A. because B. though C. unless D. as long as
10. (2022·沈阳皇姑区二模) Not many pandas live in the wild there is not enough food for them.
A. unless B. though C. until D. because
B
D
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11. (2022·深圳模拟) — Will you go to fly a kite with Tina
— If you don’t, 　　.
A. I don’t, either B. I won’t, either C. I will, too
12. (2022·云南开远市二模) I don’t know if it 　　 tomorrow. If it 　　, I’ll fly kites with my friends.
A. will rain; doesn’t rain B. doesn’t rain; will rain
C. will rain; rains D. rains; doesn’t rain
B
A
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13. (2022·常州金坛区二模) The old man doesn’t know if his daughter 　　　　to see him if she 　　 free this Sunday.
A. will come; will be B. comes; is
C. will come; is D. comes; will be
14. (2022·西安瑶海区三模) Nowadays, Chinese food is getting more and more popular 　　 it is not only colorful but also tasty.
A. unless B. because C. although D. until
C
B
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15. (2022·江西二模) John failed the math exam, 　　 he spent day and night preparing for it.
A. if B. because C. though D. unless
16. (2022·菏泽单县二模) — I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting.
— Don’t worry. I will support you, 　　 you don’t succeed.
A.even if　　　B.so that　　　C.unless
C
A
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17. (2022·济南章丘区三模) — People won’t make any friends they are friendly to others.
— I think so.
A. if　　B. unless　　C. or　　D. until
B
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学法方法点拨
从句类型 用法 例句
时间状语从句 表明主句动作发生的时间,常见从属连词有:when/while/as(当……时); before(在……之前); after(在……之后); since(自从); until/till(直到……为止); as soon as(一……就) When I got home, my sister was doing her homework. 当我到家的时候,我妹妹正在做作业。
续表
从句类型 用法 例句
条件状语从句 表明主句动作发生的条件,常见从属连词有:if(如果); as long as(只要); unless(除非); once(一旦); in case (假使) We are going on a trip this Saturday unless it rains heavily. 除非下大雨,否则我们这个星期六去旅游。
原因状语从句 表明主句动作发生的原因、理由,常见从属连词有:because(因为); since(既然); as(由于) I like to eat apples because they are good for my health. 我喜欢吃苹果,因为苹果对我的健康有益。
续表
从句类型 用法 例句
目的状语从句 表明行事目的,常见从属连词有:so that(以便,为了); in order that(为了) You’d better speak louder so that we can hear you. 你最好说话大声一些以便我们能听到。
结果状语从句 表明主句动作发生后的结果,常见从属连词有:so that(结果是); so … that/such … that(如此……以至于) I was so tired that I didn’t want to say a word. 我如此累以至于一句话都不想说了。
续表
从句类型 用法 例句
让步状语从句 表示非正常或相反条件下的结果,常见从属连词有: though/although(尽管,虽然); even if(即使); whatever(无论什么); wherever(无论哪里); whenever(无论何时); however(无论如何); whichever(无论哪一个) He created many pieces of great music though he was a deaf man. 虽然他耳聋,但是他创作了很多美妙的音乐。
续表
从句类型 用法 例句
比较状语从句 表示程度的相同或不同,常见从属连词有:than(比……); as … as(和……一样); not as/so … as(不如……); the more … the more(越……越……) She’s as good an actress as she is a singer. 她当演员和当歌手一样出色。
拓展
①在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中注意时态要用一般现在时代替将来时。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will fly kites in the park.
如果明天不下雨,我们要去公园放风筝。
②if 的不同用法
if有两个意思,作“是否”讲时,引导宾语从句,从句的时态由事实决定;作“假如,如果”讲时,引导条件状语从句,此时若主句为将来时或祈使句,从句通常用一般现在时。
I don’t know if my uncle will come this weekend. If he comes, I’ll be very happy. 我不知道我叔叔这周末会不会来。如果他来了,我会很开心的。
③when 的不同用法
含有when 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时。
when引导的宾语从句,首先要保证从句是陈述语序,然后再根据主句的时态确定从句时态。
I don’t know when my father will come back, but I’ll tell you when he comes back. 我不知道我父亲什么时候回来,但是他回来时我会告诉你。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·达州) — Do you like the movie 　　 is called The Battle at Lake Changjin
— Sure. I think no movie is 　　 than it.
A. that; more touching B. what; less touching
C. that; more touched D. which; less touched
A
定语从句
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考点 三
2. (2022·成都改编) Rome is an ancient city 　　 is full of places of interest.
A. where　　B. which　　C. who　　D. /
3. (2022·宿迁模拟) The birthday cake 　　 last night has gone bad. I have to throw it away.
A. which I bought it B. I bought
C. what I bought D. I bought it
B
B
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4. (2022·东莞模拟) — What kind of movie do you like better, Lucy
— I prefer the movies 　　 can make me relaxed.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
5. (2022·黄冈模拟) When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing 　　 he did was to look for some food.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
A
B
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6. (2022·温州文成县一模) — Susan still misses 　　 in Wenzhou.
— I know. Local snacks are her favorite.
A. the friendly people who she met
B. the days which she spent with us
C. the famous places that she visited
D. the delicious food which she tried
D
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7. (2022·温州平阳县二模) — My brother’s birthday is coming soon. It’s difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling.
— It’s a good idea to book a 　　 for him.
A. magazine that is about geography
B. course that is about art
C. concert ticket that is for young people
D. meal that has healthy diet
A
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8. (2022·温州瓯海区一模) — On the corner of Wuma Street is 　　.
— I really like drinking British milk tea. Let’s go there to have a taste.
A. a restaurant that has much local food
B. a market which sells delicious fruit
C. a cafe that serves nice afternoon tea
D. a store which offers plenty of snacks
C
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9. (2022·南京鼓楼区校级模拟) Which of the following sentences has an defining relative clause
A. I don’t know when my father will come back.
B. I stayed up so late that I felt sleepy all day long.
C. She didn’t hear us come in as she was asleep.
D. We are looking for the new ways that can help us prevent air pollution.
D
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10. (2022·温州永嘉县模拟) — Let’s prepare 　　 for our middle school life at leavers’ party.
— Sounds great. They have helped us a lot.
A. a play that is about Tea House
B. a room which they can play games in
C. a joke which makes everyone laugh
D. a speech that shows thanks to teachers
D
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学法方法点拨
复合句中作定语并且修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句。引导定语从句的有关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose和关系副词when、where、why等。
关系词 用法 例句
关系代词 that、 who、 whom 先行词是人,关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语(作动词宾语时可省略) I don’t like the persons that/who often complain. 我不喜欢那些经常抱怨的人。
关系词 用法 例句
关系代词 that、 which 先行词是物,关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语(作动词宾语时可省略) The little boy likes the toy car (which/that) his mother bought for him. 小男孩喜欢他妈妈为他买的那辆玩具汽车。
whose 先行词是人(物),关系代词在句中可作定语 The room whose window is open is mine. 开着窗户的那个房间是我的。
续表
关系词 用法 例句
关系代词 when 时间状语 I’ll never forget the days when we worked together. 我将永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
where 地点状语 Yangzhou is the place where he was born.
扬州是他出生的地方。
why 原因状语 Can you explain the reason why you were late
你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗
续表
1. 关系代词的用法
一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who、whom和which,在从句中作主语或宾语,但不能直接放在介词后作介词的宾语; which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语; who在从句中作主语或宾语; whom在从句中作宾语; whose在从句中作定语。
2. 下列情况下,先行词指物时,只能用that引导,不能用which引导
①当先行词是all、little、much、none、everything、anything、nothing等时。
Is there anything that I can do for you 我能为你做点什么吗
②当先行词被all、every、no、any、some、little、much、the only、the very、the last等修饰时。
This will be the last chance that he can get. 这将会是他能得到的最后机会。
③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
这是我度过的最美好的时光。
④当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday
哪本是他昨天从图书馆借的书
⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。
I will remember the people and things that move me in my life forever.
我将永远记住那些在我生命中感动我的人和事。
考点考法强化
1. (2022·石家庄十八县二模) He knows little German, 　　 he can understand what the teacher says.
A. but B. so C. and D. or
2. (2022·河池宜州区模拟) Think twice before making a decision, you may regret in the future.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
A
并列句与并列连词
B
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考点 四
3. (2022·江西模拟) I’ve always wanted a new bike, 　　 today I finally get one from my father.
A. or B. and C. but D. if
4. (2022·福州二模) Sandy felt a man coming close to her, 　　 she walked faster.
A. but B. so C. or D. because
B
B
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5. (2022·济南历下区模拟) — It’s terrible weather, isn’t it
— Yes, it is. 　　 I think we must arrive on time!
A. But B. And C. Because D. Or
6. (2022·玉溪一模) As students, we should learn 　　 from books 　　　　from life.
A. not; but B. neither; nor
C. either; or D. not only; but also
A
D
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7. (2022·庆阳模拟) 　　 your sister 　　 you can go shopping with me. One of you must stay at home to take care of your grandma.
A. Both; and B. Either; or
C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
B
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学法方法点拨
1. 并列句
用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫作并列句。
Have a good rest, and you’ll feel better.
好好休息一下,你会感觉好些的。
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
快点, 否则你会迟到的。
2. 并列连词是指用于连接并列的单词、短语或句子的词。
分类 例词 例句
并列关系 and(和), both … and …(……和……都), as well as(也), not only … but also …(不但……而且……), neither … nor …(既不……也不……)等 My father bought me a present, and I liked it very much. 爸爸给我买了一件礼物,而且我非常喜欢。
对比、转折关系 but(但是), yet(然而), while(而) Lucy likes red while Lily likes white. 露西喜欢红色,然而莉莉喜欢白色。
分类 例词 例句
因果关系 so 意为“所以,因此,于是”, for 意为“因为”,也表示因果关系 Kate was ill so she didn’t go to school. 凯特病了,所以她没有去上学。
选择关系 either … or …(要么……要么……); or(或者,否则) I think Peter is either at home or in the library. 我想彼得要么在家要么在图书馆。
续表