牛津译林版英语八年级下册Units1-8 期末复习知识点

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B U1-8知识点期末复习
Unit 1
1. past (present) in the past;
in the past few years(用于完成时)
There have been great changes in my hometown in the past two years.
2.at present=now=at the moment
present sb with sth=present sth to sb 给---颁发----
3. used to do sth 过去经常做某事
He used to take a walk after supper. Did he use to take a walk after supper
He didn’t use to take a walk after supper.
get/be used to doing sth/be /get used to sth 习惯于做某事
The life we are used to has changed a lot recently.
be used to do sth /be used for doing sth 被用来做某事
4.northern; southern; eastern; western
He lives in the part of town. (north)
Wall Street is at the end of Manhattan Island. (south)
5.married adj. marry v.短暂性动词
be/get married to sb.=marry sb.
My father my mother 15 years ago. They have for 15 years.
6. wife (wives) thief-thieves wolf-wolves
7.over the years/over the past few years
Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the years.（同义句）
.
8. turn…into….=change…into…/turn into….
turn on/off; turn up/down; turn around; turn green ,turn out(结果是，原来)
It’s one’s turn to do sth
9. pollution n. (U) pollute v.polluted a polluted river
10.realize=realise (know or understand sth. that you did not know before)
realize one’s dream =achieve one’s dream
=make one’s dream come true
11.improve (make sth. better)
improve the situation/ people’s lives improve my knowledge of the past
12.situation/ condition living conditions
13.in some ways
in many ways/in a way
in this way
in the way /in one’s way
on the way
by the way
14.lonely (not happy because of being alone)
alone (by oneself/on one’s own)
He lives in a village, but he never feels .
interview sb./have an interview with sb.
all one’s life/during one’s lifetime
17.return
①=go back return to school
②=give back return sth. to sb.
③n.回报 in return for
18.abroad (in or to a foreign country) adv. travel/study/go abroad
He wants to go for further study.
19.keep in touch (with sb.)与某人保持联系
=stay in touch with sb.
get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系
municate---communication (U)
communicate with sb.
have(no/little) communication with sb.
use English in daily communication
21.sb spend as much time as sb can doing sth
It takes sb some time to do sth
sth cost sb some money
sb pay some money for sth
22.take action to do sth=act to do sth 采取行动做某事
23.hear of=hear about 听说
hear from sb=receive/get a letter from sb 收到信
24.borrow sth.from sb---lend sth. to sb
---keep sth. + for+段时间
from time to time=at times=sometimes
some time 一段时间
sometime 某一时刻
some times 几次·
Unit 2
miss—misses
miss sb. very much
miss the bus/miss doing sth. 错过做
To us , a miss is as good as a mile. 对我们而言，失之毫厘差以千里
fantastic (great; wonderful)
have a fantastic time=have a good/great/nice time=have fun=enjoy oneself (doing sth.)
What fun/What a great time ---!
3.at high/low full/ speed 高/低/全速
at a speed of light
high-speed adj.高速的
the high-speed railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin
4.such/so
so+形容词、副词 so kind/carefully
such+名词 such a good boy/good weather/clever boys
特例：如此多，如此少，必须用 so
so many/few boys, so much/little milk
such a little sheep=so little a sheep 如此小的一只羊
so…that…../such….that…. 如此……以至于……
5.couple: a young couple/ a couple of 几/两个
He’s going to stay in Shanghais for (几天).
at the end of…/at the beginning of…
by the end of…到……结束时为止
near the end of….
in the end=at last=finally
7.die---dead adj.
His grandfather died three years ago.
His grandfather since three years ago/ for three years.
death n. dying adj.垂死的
8.expect 期待 expect sb. to do sth.
9.busy---business n.公事，商业，生意，企业
on business 出差/ do business 做生意
Business is business.公事公办。
mind your own business 管好自己的事
It’s none of your business.不关你的事。
10.direct---直接的 indirect directly
take a direct flight to…
This is a high-speed train to Hangzhou.
direct a film 导演一部电影
a famous director
11.can’t stop/help doing sth 情不自禁做，
can’t help (to) do sth 不能帮助做---
12.去某地度假 go to sp. for a holiday
在度假 be on holiday
13.快去饭店吃一顿快餐 hurry to a restaurant to have a quick meal
匆忙赶往某地 hurry to sp.
匆忙做某事 hurry to do sth.
8B Unit 3-5知识点复习
Unit 3
1.Asia(Asian) Asians
an Asian country
Africa(African) Africans
an African country
Europe(European) Europeans
a European country
2.world-famous adj. (be famous all over the world)
the world-famous trade centre
exciting adj. 令 人 激 动 的 more ～ /most ～
excited adj. （人）激动的 more～/most～
He was too _________(excite) to say anything when he saw her.
After she finished the exam, she wore an ________(excite) smile on her face.
It ’ s _____(excite) for us Chinese that the national football team won the game.
It’s _______________ (excite) news that I have ever heard all my life.
The parents seemed far __________(excite) than their son on this special day.
several (more than two)
3.relax (rest after work) relaxes/relaxed
With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place to relax after a hard day’s work.
这里有一些湖 泊、山丘和一大片草坪，是一个辛苦工作一天后放松休 闲的好地方。
relax vt./vi. 放松，休息 adj. relaxed/relaxing
We should relax and stop worrying about it.
How do you relax yourself in your free time
4.after a hard day’s work
hard work
live a hard life
rain/snow hard; try/practise hard
5.at the bottom of…/at the top of…
6.dream(dreamed/ dreamt)
dream of/about (doing) sth.
Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport
你曾梦想过没有护照环游世界吗？
dream 1) n. 梦， 梦想
My dream came true at last after years of hard work.
Dreams sometimes mean what you think in the
daytime.
2) vt./vi. 作梦
He dreamed a good dream last night.
He sometimes dreams about his dead grandfather.
3) vt./vi. 梦想，向往
Hepburn dreamt of becoming a successful ballet dancer when she was young.
7.Australia—Australian(s)
My best friend comes from ___________. He is ______________.(Australia)
___________(Australia) seasons are the opposite of ours.
8.opposite 1）n. 对立的人或物
She is tall and slim, but her husband is the complete opposite.
2）prep.在……对面；与……相反
The library is opposite my home
3)adj. 相对的， 对立的
be opposite to…
The library is opposite to the bus stop.
9.mind doing sth.
mind sb’s doing(mind my smoking)
-Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour
-Of course not.
你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。
1) Would/Do you mind doing sth 表示委婉请求
Would you mind showing my/me the way to the airport？
2) Would you mind one’s doing sth 询问对方是否介意自己或别人做某事。one’s 在口语中可用宾格代替。 =Do you mind if+从句？
Do you mind if he attends the meeting = Do you mind his/him attending the meeting
3) Would/ Do you mind… 回答
A. 表示“不介意”或“同意”。
No, of course not./ No, Certainly not. /No, not at all. /No, go ahead please./No, do as you like.
表示“介意”或“不同意”，常用委婉方式拒绝。
Sorry, you’d better not. / I’m afraid you can’t. /Better not.
10.please---pleasure (n.)
My pleasure/It’s my /a pleasure. (事后)不用谢
With pleasure. （事前）乐意 (I’d love to.)
—Thanks very much for …. — It’s my/a pleasure. My pleasure.
—Can you help me … —With pleasure.
pleased adj. 满意的 be pleased/happy/satisfied with
pleasant 令人愉快的 (反)unpleasant a pleasant trip
11.book v.预订=order book tickets online
12.be made up of…由……组成
be made from…由…制成（看不见原材料）
be made of…由……制成（看见原材料）
be made into…被制成……
be made by sb.由某人制成
be made to do sth.被迫做某事
13.What….for =Why….
14.in+段时间 用于将来时
I will come back in three days.
How soon will you come back
15.be famous for…因为…而出名
be famous as 作为…(身份)而出名
He is famous as a writer, so he is famous for his writing.
16.be filled with=be full of 充满
17.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
The day (we are looking forward to) came at last.
17.if(如果) +一般现在时，主句将来时（主将从现）
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
until/when/before/after/as soon as 和未来动作一起使用的时候，也是主将从现规则
18.without doing sth
19.prepare for sth/ prepare to do sth
20. So much for sth. /That’s all for sth.
Unit 4
1.touch(es) vt. 感动，触动；触摸
The story of the ugly man Quasimodo really touched me.
If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you.
2.against (hitting sth)紧靠，碰，撞
stand against the wall 靠墙站着
prep 反对（反义词为 for ） ;违反
do sth. against the law 做违法的事情
fight against 同……战斗
be against my plan 反对我的计划
3.tie(hold things together with ropes) tied---tying
tie…to…把……系/拴到……上; be tied to…被绑在…
The tree should___________(tie) to the stick to keep it straight.
4.until/till 直到什么时候...为止（与延续性动词连用）
not…until 直到...才（与短暂性动词连用）
It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
5.fall over 摔倒 fall down; fall off; fall into…;
fall down from….; fall behind; fall ill/asleep
6.continue (keep doing sth./ go on)
continue sth.
continue doing sth./ continue to do sth.
7.either/too / also/ as well
too 肯定句末尾，either 否定句末尾
also 肯定句句中，as well 肯定句句末
-I don’t like horror films.
-Me either/Me neither/Neither do I/Nor do I(我也是).
as well as
He as well as his friends _____reading. (like)
either adj. 两者之一 either……or…… 不是……就是……
There are many trees on___________ side of the road.
A.both B. either C. neither D. all
8.manage (finish what you’ve tried to do)
manage to do sth.设法完成做某事
The box was very heavy but he managed_______(carry) it.
9.success---successful---successfully--succeed
be a great success=be very successful
成功做某事 succeed in doing sth.=be successful in doing sth
=have success in doing sth.=do sth. successfully
10.translate—translation
translate…into…/ be translated into….被翻译成
11.confident --- confidence
feel more confident
be confident of…. /have confidence in....
give sb. a lot of confidence
12.experience 经验(不可数)，经历(可数)
a teacher with lots of experience
have many wonderful experiences
have exciting experiences 有令人激动的经历
experienced adj.有经验的
He has a lot of unusual_______________(experience).
Mr Wang has so much_______________(experience) in teaching.
13.advice n. (U)
give sb. some/a lot of advice on….
ask for advice ; take/follow one’s advice
What useful advice!
advise v. advise doing sth 建议做某事
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人做/不做某事
I don ‘t know how to keep healthy. Can you give me_________________
A. an advice B. lots of advices C. a few advices D. some advice
14.habit n.
form/develop a habit of….养成……的习惯
a good habit of doing sth. 做某事的一个好习惯
15.the same size as =as big as 和..一样大
the same colour as /the same height/weight as=as high/heavy as
16.as…as sb can/possible 尽可能……
swim as far as I can
17.what to do with sth = how to deal with sth 怎样处理某物
I’m not sure if Mr. Jiang knows how to _____the robot.
In a word, I have no idea what to _____it.
A. deal with, deal with B. do with, deal with C. do with, do with D. deal with, do with
18.语法：
A.疑问词+动词不定式
(1)疑问词包括疑问代词 what,which,who 和疑问副词 how,when,where 等.常和此结构连用的动词有：know, learn, see, hear, ask, advise, decide,explain, forget, remember, think, understand, wonder 等
(2)有些动词,如 advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等,其后可以 接双宾语.
Please tell me how to get there.
(3) 有 些 疑 问 词 , 如 what,which,whose,how many, how much 等,其后可以先接一个名词,再接动词不定式.
She wondered how many subjects to choose.
(4)在此结构前,有时也可以是如 sure,clear 等的形容词.
I am not sure which way to take.6
(5)此结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的宾语从句.
I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know what I should do.
注意: 所有疑问句中,why 不能与动词不定式连用.
B..must/have to 的用法
must 表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问 句,意思是“必须,得,要”. 否定式 must not 表示禁止,意思是”不能,不许”；must 还可以表示肯定猜测,意思是”一定”.
have to 表示一种客观的需求，意思是不得不， have to 有人称和数的变化.；否定式是 don’t
/doesn’t/didn’t have to.
情态动词表推测： must 一定 may 也许 may not 也许不 can’t 不可能
Unit 5
1.cut in (on sb./sth.)打断（谈话）； 插嘴
cut in (美)=push in (英)插队
cut...into... 将...切成... ；cut out 剪出 ；cut down 砍伐
2.polite---politely ；impolite—impolitely
be polite/impolite to sb.
speak to the old politely/behave ~
3.queue for one’s turn
排队等候轮到你 queue for your turn
轮到某人做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth.
轮流做某事 take turns to do sth
V.使变为 把……变成 turn……into
Linking v 变、转、转弯；变红 turn red
4.greet (say hello to sb. or welcome them)
greet sb. with sth.
5.shake sb’s hand=shake hands with sb
6.close---closely close-closer-closest adj.
close adj.亲密的 close friends
adj & adv. 靠近的 坐着靠近窗 sit close to the window
v.关 关窗户 close the window
closely adv. 密切地 work closely with sb
closed adj.关着的 with the eyes closed ; keep the door closed
7.avoid (try not to do sth.)避免做---
avoid subjects like age,weight or money
avoid (doing) sth.
8.push (use your hands to make sth. move forward) pull
push in/push past sb.
It’s rude to push in before others.
So+主语+助动词 的确如此！
So+助动词+主语 某人也是！
Neither+助动词+主语 某人也不！
①--汤姆在这家工厂工作。--我也是。
--Tom works in the factory. --So do I.
②--露西不是一名学生。--我也不是。
--Lucy isn’t a student. --Neither am I.
10.by accident 意外
do sth by accident=happen to do sth /by chance 意外做某事
11.discuss（talk about）---discussion
have a discussion about sth. with sb.
discuss sth. with sb.
12.explain—explaining—explained
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
spend as much time as he can explaining it to me
13.keep sb. from sth. 使某人远离...
keep sb. from doing sth.=stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
keep (on) doing sth. 持续做某事
14.warn sb. (not)to do sth. 警告某人（不）做某事
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
15.risk v. 冒险 n. 危险，冒险;
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
冒险一次失去一切 risk losing everything all at one time
take the risk of sth/doing sth… 冒着……危险
16.above all 首要的是 after all 毕竟，终究 in all 总共，总计 not...at all 根本不
17. put back 放回 put up 悬挂、张贴
put away 整理、收拾 put off 推迟
put out 扑灭，熄灭 put through 接通电话
18.语法：
⑴ 你年龄足够大了可以了解礼仪了。
You are old enough to learn about manners.
⑵英国人太有礼貌而不会在公共场所大叫。
British people are too polite to shout loudly in public.
…enough to do … 足够…而做某事
too..to do.. 太..而不能做某事
so…that… 如此…以致… （so+形副以及多多少少）
such…that… 如此…以致… （such+名词短语）
他太小了不能上学。（三种）
He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
这个房间太小了十个人住不下。（四种）
The room is too small for ten people to live in.
=The room is not big enough for ten people to live in.
=The room is so small that ten people can’t live in it.
=It’s such a small room that ten people can’t live in it .
8B U6-8知识点梳理
Unit 6
1.train---training n. 训练
train to be/ as a nurse
train for the Olympic Games
receive training in…
receive training before doing the tasks
2.blind (unable to see) blindness
the blind be born with blindness
3.disable—disabled —disability
adults with intellectual disabilities
4.volunteer v./n. 志愿/志愿者 volunteer to do sth. / volunteer for…
work as volunteers/a volunteer
5. expect vi & vt. 期待，指望；预料
1). 表示“期待”“期望”，通常为及物动词 expect sth
He did not know what ________(expect) when he volunteered for the Games.
2). 后接动词时要用不定式，expect to do sth
His father expected (finish) planting those trees by the end of March.
3). 其后还可接不定式的复合结构 expect sb to do sth
He _______ (expect) me to help him with his English because he was very poor at it.
4)其后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定 的转移。如：
I (not expect) that he has done such a thing.
6.chance n. 机会
by chance /accident 偶然，意外地
give sb a chance to do sth 给某人做某事的机会
have a chance to do sth 有做某事的机会
I will give you a chance (try) it again.
7.similar (almost the same)
be similar to …与… 相似
be similar in 在某方面相似
1)The twins look so ______ (similar) that their teachers often mix them by mistake.
2)The two brothers often get on well with each other because one’s idea is always _____ the other’s.
A. the same as B. similar to C. as good as D. different from
3)Mars is a planet that has an environment__________ (almost the same) to that of the Earth.
8.give up sth./doing sth.
give up their spare/free time
give it up
9.necessary—unnecessary adj.必要的
It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.
10.achieve(realize or reach) v. 获得
achieve/realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想=make one’s dreams come true
achieve success/achieve a balance between my study and my schoolwork
achievement n. 成就
have many great achievements 有许多伟大的成就
Her achievements went beyond the film industry.
He spent as much time as he could _______________ (achieve) his goal.
Audrey’s _______________ (achieve) went beyond the film industry.
11.win (the)first prize= come first/finish first 得第一
12.donate sth. to sb. 捐赠 /raise sth. for sb. 募集
donate money to charities
donate blood to people in need
raise money for sb.
13.introduction---introduce 介绍 introduce sth to sb/make an introduction to sb
14.disease (illness) n.疾病 have a serious blood disease
15.operate v. 做手术---operation n.手术
operate on sb. = do/perform/have operations on sb.
17.needn’t do sth/don’t need to do sth =don’t have to do sth 没有必要做
18.two more apples=another two apples
数词+more+名词=another +数词+名词
some more apples/mo more
19.provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth =offer sb sth/offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物
offer to do sth 主动做某事
20.feel like part of one big family
feel like doing sth =want to do sth
21.Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities 与智障的人交谈你遇到麻烦吗？
have problems／difficulty／trouble with sth.
have problems／difficulty／trouble (in) doing sth.
Now some teenagers have difficulty ______(express) themselves.
She has many maths problems _____(solve) and she has many problems _________ (work out) the maths problems.
Do you have trouble in (learn) English
22.If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well again soon.
如果我们都能伸出援助之手，他不久就可能恢复健康。
give a helping hand 伸出援助之手
give sb a hand 给予（某人）帮助
Please give people a (help) hand when they need help.
23.语法：
It is +形+for/of sb to do sth 区分介词
It is +形+for sb to do sth=To do is….
it is +形+of sb to do sth=sb is +形容词 to do
It is + adj+ to-do
it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。这种句式也可用动词不定式或动名词放在句首直接做主语。如：
It is wrong to look down on the disabled people . =To look /Looking down on the disabled people is wrong.
It is necessary to train for the coming exam. =To train /Training for the coming exam is necessary.
(2) It is + adj + for…+to-do
在该句型中，it 是形式主语，for 引出不定式的逻辑主 语 sb. ；表语形容词只是说明不定式的特征；for sb. to do sth.通常被称为动词不定式 的复合结构。常用于这种结构的形容词有 easy, difficult, important, hard, necessary, possible, interesting, meaningful 等。如：
It is difficult for us to finish the work today.
It is meaningful for people to donate money to charities .
(3)It is + adj + of…+to-do
在该句型中，it 是形式主语，of 引出不定式的逻辑主语 sb. ；表语形容词是表示不定式的主语 sb 的特征。 常用于这种结构的形容词有 kind, polite, clever, foolish, silly, good, nice, generous, careful, careless, selfish 等。如：
It is very nice of you to say so.
It is generous of him to share his computer with you.
(4)It is + adj. + for sb.+ to do..可以转换为 It is +形容词+that+从句.
It is dangerous for a child to swim alone in the river. = It is dangerous that a child swims alone in the river.
Unit 7
1.especially 尤其 用来对前面所述的事件作进一步的说明
UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world.
He likes ball games, especially football.
specially 专门地；特地 强调唯一的目的
He came here specially to say sorry to her. 他特意来这里向他道歉。
2.equal—equally 公平的（地）
work for the equal rights of girls and women 为女孩和妇女争取平等的权利
treat sb. equally
3.have the right to do sth.有权利做某事
4.interview---interviewer
interview sb=have an interview with sb
interview sb. about sth.
5.most-mostly
most = very 很；非常 （不要加定冠词）
almost = very nearly 指在程度上相差很少
mostly = mainly 大部分；主要地
It’s _____dangerous to play with fire. 玩火是很危险的
___ no one believed what he said. 几乎没人相信他的话。
The students in our class are ______ from the country. 我们班的学生主要来自农村。
6.treat—treatment vt.治疗（强调过程）
treat people with eye problems 治疗有眼疾的人
have money for medical treatment 有钱进行医学治疗
under treatment 在治疗中
cure 治愈 强调结果；指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病
treat v. 对待 treat the boy as his own son 把这个男孩作为他自己的儿子对待
treat n. 招待 give us a treat of some candy 用糖果招待我们
trick or treat 不招待，就使坏
7.patient n. 病人(a person who is ill especially in hospital)
adj 耐心的 be patient /impatient with sb
8.afford (have enough money to do sth./pay for sth.)
afford sth./afford to do sth.
The house is too expensive. I can’t _____it.
They are so poor that they can ’ t afford ______to hospital. (go)
9.on board 在飞机（船、火车）上
10.proud---prouder—proudest adj proudly adv
be proud of… / be proud to do… /be proud that….
pride n. take pride in…=be proud of…
become the pride of 成为……的骄傲
I’m _______(自豪) to help people see again.
He’s the ______ of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。
11.develop-develops-developing-developed
develop quickly/slowly
develop a good habit
development n.发展
with the development of science and technology 随着科技的发展
12.carry on with sth. 继续
carry on doing sth. 继续做某事
More money is needed to carry on with our work.
Let ’ s carry on with our meeting./Let’s carry on having our meeting.
carry out the plan 执行这个计划
carry out a survey 开展调查
13.hand out/give out leaflets/hand them out 分发
Leaflets were handed out to people in the street by volunteers.
hold—held-held
①vt.举行
We ________(hold) a football match next week. = A football match will take place next week.
Last week, a charity show ________(hold) by the Students’ Union.
A charity show was held by the Students’ Union.
②握着，拿着 hold sth. in one’s hand
③容纳 The hall is big enough to hold 1000 people.
hold on 别挂机 hold back 阻止，阻挡 hold up 举起
15.set—set—set set up 建立，设立，创建
Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942.
They will set up a new school for children with
16.include(v)—including(prep.)
More than 400 people lost their lives on board, including many old people.
17.matter ① n.事情，问题
What’s the matter with you =What’s wrong with you =What’s the trouble with you
②v. 要紧(be important)
Size and body type _______(not matter).高矮胖瘦不重要。
I’m sorry I have broken your bike. --- It doesn’t matter.
18.make up one’s mind to do sth. =decide to do sth. =make a decision to do sth. 下定决心做某事
19.work hard 努力工作
hard work 艰苦的工作
a hard-working boy 勤劳的男孩
hardly adv. 几乎不
20.use sth to do/be used to do..被用来做..
use sth. for …/be used for…
be used as a teaching center..被当作…使用
21.prevent them from getting illnesses
sick 病的，作表语和定语 be sick/ a sick boy
ill:病的， 仅作表语 be ill
Unit 8
1.dig-dug-dug digging
like digging in the garden
be dug up from the ground 从地下挖起来
2.serious (not joking) adj. 认真的，严肃的，严重的 （bad or dangerous）
be serious about 对...认真
We should _______ _________ _________ the problem. 我们应该认真对待这个问题。
seriously adv.认真地，严肃地 take sth seriously 认真对待
3.recycle (treat sth. used so that it can be used again) recycling n.
4.wise—wiser—wisest wisely
wisdom n.智慧 the color of wisdom
The more books you read, the ________(wise) you will be.
Manage your money _________(wise), so your money doesn’t manage you.
5.separate(put things into different groups)
separate…into…./be separated into…. 被分成几块
separate…from…./ be separated from… 把...从...中分离出来
6.allow (let someone do sth.) v. 允许 allow doing sth
allow sb. (not) to do sth. / be allowed to do sth.
You aren’t ________to smoke here.
It ’ s the library! So you must know shouting _________(not allow) here.
My parents allow me ___________(play) computer games every Sunday.
7.punish---punishes—punished
punish sb. for (doing) sth.
He was _________for cutting down trees.
8.fine (make sb. pay money because he/she has done sth. wrong) v. 罚钱
9.depend on/upon sth./sb.
depend on/upon 依靠，取决于；无被动
depend on /upon its rich resources to live 依靠它丰富 的资源生存
You cannot ______ _______ ________ ______forever. 你不能永远依赖你的父母。
The price ___________ ___________ the quality. 价格 取决于质量
10.rich—richer—richest (not poor)
the rich/poor
be rich in….
11.run out=be used up 用完， 耗尽，为不及物动词短语，无被动。
These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
Food____________(run out) already, we have to go to the supermarket.
12.different—difference be different from 与...不同
make a difference to sb/sth （对......） 有影响，起作 用
make some difference to sb/sth (对......) 有些影响
make no difference to sb/sth (对......) 没有影响
tell the differences between 说出---的区别
Lucy has got a bad cold. It may __________ ___________ _________ to her competition.
露西感冒很严重， 这可能对她的竞赛造成了一些影响。
13.pollute v. pollution n.(U)
The river was _______by the factory.
a polluted river/become more and more polluted
14.harm---harmful---harmless
1）vt 伤害， 损害 harm sb./sth.
As well as people, animals _______(harm) by pollution.
2) n. 伤害，损害 do harm to 对......造成伤害=be harmful to…
Watching TV too much does _______ to your eyes. = Watching TV too much is ________ to your eyes.
harm sb.=do harm to sb.=be harmful to sb.
Air pollution is harmful to our health. =Air pollution does harm to our health. =Air pollution harms our health.
live adj. 现场直播的 be covered live 被现场直播
living adj. 活着的（作定语） living things/ living conditions
lively—livelier-liveliest adj. 生动的/活泼的 make his classes lively and interesting
alive adj. 活着的（作表语） He is still alive.
16.take steps/action to do sth.
follow these small steps
step by step 逐步地
17.live a green life
live a happy/hard/poor/simple life
go green=protect the environment
18.be in use=be used =be in service 被使用
We should also turn off the power when our TV or computer is not in use/ is not used.
19.instead adv.放在句首或句末 (后接要做的事情)
instead of…短语介词，后接名词、代词或动名词 （后接不做的事情）
20.some……some……and others……
Some people like milk chocolate, _____ like black chocolate, ________ prefer white chocolate.
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