课件27张PPT。But which of the many theories out there is correct？The truth is that they probably all contain a part of the solution，but none have it in entirety.This is because there's no recipe for success，at least not in general.The fact remains that if you have an interest in developing certain personal qualities，you can tip the odds more in your favor.By definition，charisma(魅力) is the power to please，and win with ease.Charismatic people have the ability to gather others to their cause because they know the importance of addressing people sincerely and simply.They have a sense of well-developed listening，give you their full attention when you speak，look you straight in the eye，call you by your name and even remember everydetail of your past conversations，simply because they give you their full attention and sympathy.In turn，you want to associate more with them!
What use are the qualities of charisma if you are in a hospital bed？The most important thing in life is one's health.You therefore need to invest time and money to maintain your health，changing physical and dietary habits.Finally，regardless of what field you're in，it is important to remain grounded and critical of your own actions.It really is the only way to see changes and be prepared enough to adapt quickly.The methods you use today to be successful may not be as effective a few years.Without losing confidence in your abilities，to question yourself can be the most effective thing!
【答案】 1.Because they want satisfactory results quickly and no failure at all.
2．The Secret of Charisma.
3．Being critical of your own actions/Questioning yourself in a relevant context.Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P34的Reading部分，并根据其内容完成表格(每空不超过3个词)【答案】 1.self-educated 2.assistant editor 3.founded 4．digital watch 5.hit 6.ridiculous 7.suffered 8．Contributions 9.membership figures 10.a firm will
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P34的Reading部分，并从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following can best express the main idea of the text?
A．Sir Clive's stories.
B．Sir Clive's little inventions.
C．Sir Clive Sinclair's life and inventions
2．What did Sinclair's grandfather and father do?
A．Engineers. B．Inventors.
C．Businessmen.3．What was the first thing that Sinclair made and sold?
A．The pocket-sized radio.
B．The pocket calculator.
C．The digital watch.
4．Why was the ZX80 computer so popular?
A．Because it was invented by Sinclair.
B．Because it was very cheap.
C．Because it could be used for playing games.5．What was Sinclair's failure?
A．His ZX Spectrum computer.
B．His ZX 80 computer.
C．His C5 vehicle.
【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.CSinclair has been so successful because he 10. a combination of intelligence and a firm will that allows him to realize his dream.
【答案】 1.designing 2.so well that 3.decided
4．founded 5.popular 6.failure 7.well-known
8．folded up 9.great use 10.possesses4．Despite the difficulties he the research.
5．Don't they ever these ridiculous stories?
6．I don't think they are going to of the deal at the last minute.
【答案】 1.put; together 2.put; out 3.folds up
4．threw himself into 5.tire of 6.pull outⅢ.句型背诵
1．He spent much of his childhood with his grandfather and father，who were both engineers.
他的童年时代的大多数时光是和爷爷和父亲一起度过的，他们两位都是工程师。
2．Sinclair was mostly self-educated，preferring to spend time studying by himself rather than at school with classmates.
辛科莱主要是靠自学成才，而不是花费时间在学校和同学们一起学习。3．In 1961，Sinclair resigned from his job and founded his own company，producing pocket-sized radios.
在1961年，辛科莱辞职并成立了自己的公司，生产袖珍收音机。
4．However，the man providing the money to start the company pulled out of the project at the last minute，and Sinclair had to get a job as a technical editor to support himself.
然而，出钱创办公司的人在最后一刻撤资，辛科莱不得不找了一份技术编辑的工作来养活自己。5．By the end of the 1980s，Sinclair had tired of his various businesses，and was throwing himself into British Mensa，a club for clever people.
到20世纪80年代末，辛科莱对他的各项生意已感到厌倦，而将精力投入到针对高智商人士的英国门萨俱乐部。 课件76张PPT。1．improvement n．改进；改善
I have been mayor for three years，and I have made many improvements for the people of the city.(P33)
我当市长三年了，使这个市市民的生活大有改善。Your work shows considerable improvement.
你的工作显示出相当大的改进。
The new factory brought a huge improvement in working conditions.
新工厂在工作条件上有了很大的提高。be an improvement on/ upon/ over 比……好；比……有改进
make an improvement 改进
improve v．改进；提高
improve on/upon 改进；做得比……更好
improve in 在……方面有改进These results are a distinct improvement on last year's.
这些结果跟去年的相比有明显的提高。
He made a steady improvement and was released within 10 days of admission.
他的病情稳步好转，入院后不到10 天就获准出院了。【教师备课资源】
an improvement in 在……方面的提高
an improvement to 对……的改进
an area for/of improvement 需要改进之处
improve away 通过改良而去除
improve oneself in English 提高自己的英语水平2．He spent much of his childhood with his grandfather and father，who were both engineers.(P34)
他的童年时代的大多数时光是和爷爷和父亲一起度过的，他们俩都是工程师。
who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his grandfather and father。非限制性定语从句仅对所修饰的先行词或整个主句作补充说明。若省略掉从句，句子意思完整、明确，与先行词或主句之间用逗号隔开。在非限制性定语从句中指代“物”时要用which作关系代词；指代全句时，用which或as；指代人时用who，非限制性定语从句不可用that。
They were invited to the state banquet，which was a great honour to them.
他们被请去赴国宴，这对他们来说是极大的荣耀。
Li Ming is late，as is often the case.
李明迟到了，这事是经常发生的。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的几点区别
区别一：形式不同
限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。
区别二：功能不同
限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。区别三：含义不同
比较下面的两个句子：
I have a sister who is a doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
I have a sister，who is a doctor.
我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
区别四：先行词不同
限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子。People who take physical exercise live longer.
进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
His daughter，who is in Boston now，is coming home next week.
他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉句子意义仍然完整)
He changed his mind，which made me very angry.
他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)【教师备课资源】
as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
两者之间的区别在于：
1．which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。
2．as在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词，但which不受此限制。
3．as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，但 which 不受此限制。4．as有“正如”之意，而which则意为“这(件事，一点)”，可用and this/that/it来代替。
5．as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)，as was expected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)，as is known to all(众所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。【对接高考】
(2013·江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A．where B．which
C．what D．when【解析】 句意：世界银行行长说，他热爱中国，这种热爱他记得早在童年时就开始了。通过分析句子结构可知，The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China为主句，通过还原法可知定语从句是he remembers his passion for China starting as early as his childhood，从句中his passion starting为动名词复合结构。his passion用which替代。when和where虽然可以引导定语从句，但是它们在定语从句中是分别用来作时间状语和地点状语的，不能指代passion；what不能用来引导定语从句，故排除。
【答案】 B3．resign v．辞职，把……托交(给)…… ；委托
In 1961，Sinclair resigned from his job and founded his own company，producing pocket-sized radios.(P34)
在1961年，辛科莱辞职并成立了自己的公司，生产袖珍收音机。
Mander resigned from office.曼德辞职了。
He was forced to resign due to ill health.
他因健康原因被迫辞职。resign from从……辞职
resign as辞去……职位
resign...to...把……托付给
resign oneself to 听任(某种影响)；只好(做某事)He resigned as chairman.他辞去了主席一职。
I resign my children to your care.
我把孩子们委托你来照顾。
I resigned myself to a long wait in line.
我顺从地在长队中等候。
【教师备课资源】
resignation n．辞职；辞职书
accept sb.'s resignation准予辞职
give in/hand in one's resignation提交辞职书；递交辞呈
meet one's fate with resignation听天由命4．However，the man providing the money to start the company pulled out of the project at the last minute，and Sinclair had to get a job as a technical editor to support himself.(P34)
然而，出钱创办公司的人在最后一刻撤资，辛科莱不得不找了一份技术编辑的工作来养活自己。
(1)pull out退出；脱离
Jim saw that the firm was going to be ruined，so he pulled out.吉姆看到公司即将垮台，于是就退了出来。
The general pulled his troops out of the area.
将军把他的部队从那个地区撤了出来。pull in (车)进站；停站；(船)靠岸
pull through脱离危险期；恢复健康
pull on (用拉的方式)穿上(衣服、袜子等)；戴上
pull off脱下；取下
The ship pulled in to the shore at midnight.
那船半夜时靠岸。
She pulled off her raincoat before entering the room.
她进屋前先脱掉雨衣。(2)the last minute (重大事情发生前的)最后一刻，紧要关头
He cancelled his booking at the last minute.
他在最后一刻取消了预定。
I don't think they are going to pull out of the deal at the last minute.
我认为他们不会在最后一分钟退出这笔交易。at the last minute/moment在最后一刻；在紧要关头；在危急时刻
in a minute 马上；立刻；不久
to the minute 准时；一分不差；恰好
up to the minute 最新(式)的
the minute (that) 一……(就)；当……(即)
He caught his train at the last moment.
他在最后一刻赶上了火车。
Dinner will be ready in a minute.饭马上就要好了。5．When his company finally began production and put out advertisements for his radio，demand was high and the business simply took off.(P34)
当他的公司最终开始生产，并贴出收音机广告时，需求巨大，生意快速取得了成功。
(1)put out公布；广播；出版；伸手；熄灭
This magazine is put out every Friday.
这份杂志每星期五出版。
She put out all the lights before going to bed.
她在睡觉前关掉全部的灯。put away把……收起来，存钱
put down写下，扑灭，镇压
put together 组装；汇集
put up张贴，建立，提高
put off 推迟；拖延She washed the cups and put them away.
她洗完杯子后便把他们收了起来。
They decided to put the meeting off until after Christmas.
他们决定把会议推迟到圣诞节以后。
【教师备课资源】
put aside暂不考虑；把……放在一边；储蓄
put back把……放回原处
put in插嘴，安装，提出要求
put together组合，整理
put up with忍受，容忍take on承担；呈现；雇用
take over接管；接任
take up拿起；开始从事；占用
take in领会；吸收
take apart 拆开
He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.
他一向乐于挑重担。
I won't take up much of your time.
我不会占用你很多时间。【对接高考】
(2013·辽宁高考)Briggs will as general manager when Mitchell retires.
A．get away B．take over
C．set off D．run out
【解析】 get away意为“走开；逃脱惩罚”；take over意为“接管；接任”；set off意为“出发；动身”；run out意为“用完；耗尽”。根据retires(退休)可得知答案。句意：当Mitchell退休时，Briggs将会接任总经理的职务。
【答案】 B6．In addition to his pocket-sized radio，Sinclair produced the world's first pocket calculator in 1972，the first digital watch in 1976，and the first pocket TV the following year.(P34)
除生产了袖珍式收音机外，辛科莱在1972年生产了世界上最早的袖珍计算器，在1976年生产了最早的数字手表随后生产了最早的便携式电视机。(1)in addition to除……之外；另外；加之
In addition to giving a general introduction to computer，the course also provides practical experience.
课程除了介绍一般电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的机会。
in addition 加上；又；另外
with the addition of 外加
an addition to 对……的增加
do addition 做加法In addition，we buy you a medical insurance.
除此而外，我们给你买医疗保险。
They've just had an addition to the family.
他们家里刚刚添了一口人。(2)calculator n．计算器
The calculator was damaged accidentally，and we needed to buy a new one.
这个计算器意外被弄坏了，我们需要买一个新的。
calculate vt.计算，估计；计划；打算；以为
calculated adj.故意的，蓄意的，有计划的
calculation n．计算；推断；预测；估计
be calculated for 为适合……而设计的；适合于
be calculated to do...目的在于；打算；蓄意Oil prices are calculated in dollars.油价以美元计算。
This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives.
这份广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。7．His next computer，the ZX81，was an even bigger hit，and his company's receipts grew by 600% over the previous year.(P34)
他的下一台电脑ZX81更加热销，他的公司收入比前一年增长了600%。
(1)hit n．红极一时的人或物；成功而风行一时的事物
The show has been a big hit.演出风靡一时。
The song was a hit at once and its recording tape rose to No.1 on the bestseller list.
这首歌曲立刻风靡一时，它的录音带跃登畅销带榜首。a big hit很大的成功
a big hit with受……欢迎
make a hit (with sb.) 大获成功；很受(某人)欢迎
The series has been a big hit with children.
这一系列很受儿童的欢迎。
The new film is making a great hit with the public.
这部新影片大受公众欢迎。【教师备课资源】
hit n．一击，击中v.打，打击；碰撞；伤害
hit it 猜中；说对了
hit on 偶然碰上；偶然找到；偶然想起(2)receipt n．收到的款项(常用复数形式)；收据；接受；收到
Could I have a receipt for that please?
可以给我开个收据吗？
Do you have the receipts for your trip?
你有这次旅行的开销收据吗？acknowledge the receipt of 确认收到
on receipt of 收到，接收
ask for a receipt 要一张发票
expenses and receipts 支出和收入I would be grateful if you would acknowledge the receipt of this letter.如您能告知收到此信我将十分感谢。
The goods will be sent on receipt of your cheque.
收到支票后会立即发货。
【提示】 receipt表示“收入”时，结尾的-s不能省略。⑤你在付钱的时候，向店里要一张收据吧。
Ask the shop when you pay the bill.
【答案】 ③on receipt of ④receipts from ⑤for a receiptridiculously adv.荒唐地，可笑地
a ridiculous suggestion 可笑的意见
It's ridiculous to do...……是可笑的
It's ridiculous that...……是可笑的It is ridiculous to dispute about such things.
争论这样的事情是可笑的。
It's ridiculous that we should have to queue，when we have already got our tickets.
我们已经拿到了票，居然还要排队，未免可笑。④多么荒唐的建议！
What ！
【答案】 ①the most ridiculous thing ②It's ridiculous that ③It is ridiculous to predict ④a ridiculous suggestion9．By the end of the 1980s，Sinclair had tired of his various businesses，and was throwing himself into British Mensa，a club for clever people.(P35)
到20世纪80年代末，辛科莱对他的各项生意已感到厌倦，而将精力投入到针对高智商人士的英国门萨俱乐部。
(1)by the end of到……为止；在……末之前
He had finished his great works by the end of 1980.
到1980年底，他已完成了他的巨著。by the end of 是“到……为止；在……末之前”的意思，后边跟不同的时间会有不同的含义和用法。
①跟将来的时间，就用将来完成时。
②跟过去的时间，用过去完成时。
By the end of next month，I will have finished reading this book.到下个月末，我将读完这本书。
By the end of last month，I had planted thousands of trees.
到上个月末，我已经种了数千棵树了。(2)tire of对……感到厌倦
Sooner or later he will tire of politics.
迟早他会厌倦政治的。
She soon tired of the beach and went for a walk.
她很快对海滩腻烦了，便去散步。
tire sb.out 使某人感到筋疲力尽
be/get tired of厌烦……
be tired with/from因……而疲倦
be tired out累坏了The long walk had really tired me out.
长途步行实在使我筋疲力尽了。
You never get tired of reading this book.
这部书百读不厌。
【教师备课资源】
tire v．(使)疲劳，疲倦
tiring adj.令人疲劳的，累人的
tired adj.疲倦的，厌烦的(3)throw oneself into 投身于；积极从事
He said he was ready to throw himself into a game.
他说他已经准备好投入比赛了。
Our teachers throw themselves into their work of bringing up a new generation.
我们的老师为培养新一代而呕心沥血。throw away 扔掉；抛弃；浪费(金钱、时间等)
throw oneself at 猛然扑向；拼命讨好……；向……献媚
throw oneself on 依靠；依赖；听命于
throw up呕吐；辞(职)；放弃She throws herself at any man who will look at her.
任何一个男人瞅她一眼，她都会向他献媚。
You can never throw yourself on that fellow.
你决不能依赖那家伙。10．fold up 折叠；对折；(因痛苦)不能支撑
His latest product is a bicycle that can be folded up small enough to fit into a bag.(P35)
他的最新产品是可以折叠起来的自行车，折叠后小到足以放入一个袋子里。
She folded up some shirts.她把一些衬衫折叠起来。
The pain in her stomach was so sharp that she folded up.她的胃疼得非常厉害，已经支持不住了。fold in half/two 对折；一折为二
fold into 折成；(烹饪时)把……调拌入
fold down/back (把书页)折过来；折进去；向后折叠
fold one's arms 交臂(常指袖手旁观)
She folded the piece of paper in half.她把纸对折起来。
She folded the clothes into a neat bag.
她将衣服折叠成整齐的一包。11．will n．意志，毅力；心愿；遗嘱
Sinclair has been successful because he possesses both the intelligence and a firm will to succeed.(P35)
辛科莱能够成功是因为他同时拥有成功的智慧和决心。
Will can conquer habit.意志能战胜习惯。
Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。a strong/firm will 坚强的意志
obey one's will 遵从某人的意志
go against one's will 违背某人的意愿
at will 随心所欲地
in a/the will 在遗嘱里She's got a very strong will.
她具有非常坚强的意志。
They were taught to obey their father's will without question.
他们被教导要完全遵从父亲的意志，不得有任何质疑。③她遗嘱给我留下一些钱。
She left me some money .
【答案】 ①go against his will ②at will ③in her will 课件53张PPT。1．rank v．把……分等级；列为；使排成行；分属某类
My name is Victoria Brown，and last year I was ranked number 59 on a list of the world's most successful people.(P38)我叫维多利亚·布朗，去年我在全世界最成功的个人名单中排名第59。The tasks have been ranked in order of difficulty.
按照困难程度对工作进行了分类。
They ranked high in their class.
他们是班上的优等生。
rank high/low 处于高位/地位低下
rank second，third，etc.排名第2、第3 等
rank according to 根据……排列
rank n．地位；社会阶层；军衔；排；横列；行列
in rank 在地位上These subjects ranked low for most students.
多数学生不重视这几门课。
He is in the first rank of university teachers.
他是一流的大学教师。be possessed of拥有，获得
possession n．持有
in possession of拥有，占有(主动意义)
in the possession of为……所占有(被动意义)
take possession of占有，拥有，夺取He is possessed of great wealth.
他拥有巨大的财富。
He was found in possession of dangerous drugs.
他被发现藏有危险药品。(2)quality n．品德，品性；质量，品质；特点，特色
These are leather goods of high quality.
这些是高质量的皮革制品。
Sympathy is his best quality.
同情心是他最好的品质。
have quality质量好；有水平
of good/high quality 上等的；优质的
of poor quality 劣质的；劣等的
the quality of life 生活质量The goods are of poor quality.
这些货物质量不好。
Advances in technology would，it was hoped，improve the quality of life.
人们曾希望科技的进步能够提高生活质量。⑥一检查我就找出了这些质量低劣的货物。
On examination I found the goods .
【答案】 ④of good quality ⑤have quality ⑥of poor quality3．go wrong 发生故障，出毛病；出错，犯错误；出现问题，遇到困难
The first one is perseverance — this means I never give up，even when things go wrong.(P38)首先是毅力——这意味着我从不放弃，即使是情况变糟时。
My watch keeps going wrong.
我的手表不断地出毛病。
If you do what she tells you，you won't go wrong.
你要是按照她说的做，就不会出错。go表示“变化”时，常和有关颜色的形容词连用，此时一般不用get，如go red/white/pale；表示人或事物的情况变坏时，也一般多用go，如go mad/deaf/blind/ sour/bad等。
He went pale at the news.
他听到这个消息时脸色变得苍白。
The woman had gone mad.那女人疯了。a confident leader 有信心的领导者
be confident about/in 对……有信心
be confident of 确信可以
be confident that...确信
We are confident about the future.
我们对未来充满信心。
I'm fully confident of winning the title.
我对赢取冠军信心十足。【教师备课资源】
confidence n．信心
with (great) confidence很有把握地，满怀信心地
worthy of confidence值得信任
self-confidence n．自信
confidently adv.有信心地，确信地achieve one's goal/ambition/purpose 实现某人的目标/抱负/达到目的
achieve success 获得成功
achieve victory 获得胜利
achievement n．成就；成绩；功绩；达到；完成
a great achievement 一个伟大的功绩They achieved some victories despite these setbacks.
尽管受到这些挫折，他们还是取得了一些胜利。
Altogether，our achievements are very great.
总而言之，我们的成绩是很大的。5．even though/if 即使；尽管
I always try to be energetic and enthusiastic，even though I may be tired or busy.(P38)我总是精力充沛和热情的，即使我可能是疲劳或繁忙的。
Even though/if I fail，I'll keep trying.
我纵然失败，也会继续努力。
I'll finish the work on time even though/if I should meet with great difficulty.
即使遇到巨大困难我也要按时完成工作。在主从句主语一致而且从句中有be动词形式时，可以省略从句主语和be动词，使用“even if/though＋非谓语动词”的形式。
even though中的though不能用although来替换。
—Will you go to his birthday party tomorrow night?
——你明晚会去参加他的生日聚会吗？
—No，even if/though (I am) invited.
——不，即使受到邀请也不去。【教师备课资源】
引导让步状语从句还可以用although，though，as，while，no matter＋疑问词，疑问词＋ever等。其中though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装；as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词、助动词后的动词原形置于句首)。
【提示】 even though/if，although，though，as，while，no matter＋疑问词，疑问词＋ever，从属连词不能和表示转折的并列连词but，however连用，但可以和副词yet，still等连用。【对接高考】
(2012·北京高考)— Look at those clouds!
—Don't worry. it rains，we'll still have a great time.
A．Even if B．As though
C．In case D．If only
【解析】 句意：看看那些乌云！——别担心。即使下雨，我们仍然会玩得很开心。even if虽然，即使；as though好像，仿佛；in case万一，以防；if only要是……就好了。
【答案】 A6．make a point of 重视；强调；特别留意做……，必定……
Every day，I make a point of saying hello to all my staff and spending time listening to their ideas and opinions.(P38)每天我都照例向我的全体员工问好，并且花费时间聆听他们的主意和想法。
Father makes a point of going to bed before ten.
父亲必定在10点前睡觉。
She made a point of sending a birthday present to her best friend.
她特意为她最好的朋友寄去了生日礼物。on the point of 即将；正要……的时候
there is little/no point in doing 做某事没有意义
point of view观点；见地；立场
at this point这时候，此时此刻
to the point切题，中肯I was on the point of going to bed when you rang.
你打电话的时候我正要睡觉。
There is no point in doing so.
这样做毫无意义。
【教师备课资源】
That's beside the point那并不重要
have one's points有某些优点
off the point离题
starting point出发点；起始点
focal point焦点7．sense n．感官；感觉；意识；意义
Finally，a sense of humour will always keep me and people around smiling.(P39)
最后，幽默感将会使我和周围的人一直保持微笑。
I'm afraid I haven't got a very good sense of direction，so I easily get lost.
恐怕我的方向感很差，因此我容易迷路。
He has a sense that someone is standing behind him.
他有一种有人站在他后面的那种感觉。the sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste/touch视觉/听觉/嗅觉/味觉/触觉
a sense of duty/humor/direction/hunger责任感/幽默感/方向感/饥饿感
make sense有意义，有道理
make sense of理解，明白，懂得
sense vt.意识到，感觉到He has an acute sense of smell.他嗅觉灵敏。
That sentence doesn't make sense.这个句子说不通。
I sense that you would rather not go.
我觉得你最好还是别走。
【教师备课资源】
common sense常识
in a sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上
in no sense决不，无论如何都不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
lose one's sense失去知觉
come to one's sense苏醒过来，醒悟过来8．survivor n．幸存者；生还者
Doctors and nurses are on the scene to give oxygen and other medical supplies to survivors.(P41)
医生和护士在现场给幸存者吸氧和其他医疗救治。
There are only a few survivors from the original team.
最初的队员只剩下几名了。
The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle，there were no survivors.
飞机坠落在一个丛林茂密的地区，无人生还。survive v．生存；幸存，生还；比……活(或存在)的时间长
A survive B A比B活得长
survive (from) sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来
survive on 靠……存活下来
survival n．幸存，残存物second childhood 老年
senior citizens 老人
Nowadays many weight-watchers would like to go to the gym.
如今许多胖人喜欢到健身房去锻炼。
They are the culturally deprived.
他们是没有学识的人。[自我总结]
1．委婉语(euphemism)是用比喻、 、 、迂回、缩略和喻指等手法来表达生活中那些使人 ，惹人不快，招人厌恶和令人恐惧的事物的 形式。
2．委婉语能使在某种场合不便 或不能直说的事物，用另一种 得以表达，使人们避免了许多 的局面，减少不必要的误会和不快，以谋求理想的交际效果。
【答案】 1.含蓄；借代；尴尬；修辞 2.直说；方式；难堪英语委婉语一般可分成两大类：传统委婉语(traditional euphemisms)和文体委婉语(stylistic euphemisms)。所谓传统委婉语亦称是与禁忌语密切相关的。像生、病、死、葬、性、裸、拉、撒等禁忌事物，如果直接表达，那就是禁忌语，给人的感觉是粗鄙，生硬，刺耳，无礼。反之，如果间接表达，这就是委婉语，给人的印象是典雅，含蓄，中听，有礼。所谓文体委婉语，实际上是恭维话、溢美之词，与禁忌语并无关系。英、美(尤其是当代美国人)在交际过程中，为了表示礼貌，为了避免刺激，或是为了争取合作，有时会采用夸饰的手法，对一些令人不快的事物以美言相称。委婉语使用的范围十分广泛：例1 “死亡”的委婉语
在英语里，表达“死”的委婉语很多，最常用的有：pass away(过世)，to go west(归西天)，tick the bucket(翘辫子)，turn up one's toes(伸脚趾)，to go to sleep(长眠)，to be no more(没了，不在了)，to close one's eyes(闭眼)，to lay down one's life(牺牲)，to expire(逝世)，to breathe one's last(咽气)，to end one's day(寿终)，to pay the debt of nature(了结尘缘)，to cross over to the other side(去世)，to go to the happy hunting ground(去世)等。
例2 “贫穷”的委婉语
汉语中有“拮据”、“手头紧”、“囊中羞涩”表示贫困，英语中表示“贫穷”的委婉语有：badly off(短缺的)，less well off(不太宽裕的)，indigent(缺少钱物的)，down on one's luck(时运不济)，hard up for money(缺钱)，in difficulty(处于困境)。而have-nots(不富有的人)或a man of modest means(财产不多的人)或negative saver(积蓄为负值的人)都是“穷人”的婉称。美国对收入低于生活标准的个人或家庭的补助也被称作“税”，即“逆所得税”(negative income tax)。
贫穷落后的发展中国家可说成developing countries或the Third world(第三世界)。例3 “老”的委婉语
年龄是西方国家的一个敏感话题，可用多种委婉形式表达“老”，如：senior citizen，people in advanced years，elderly people，third age，to feel one's age，mature等。
而“养老院”就称为a rest home(休养所)，a private hospital(私人医院)，a nursing home(护理之家)等。由于英汉文化的差异，一种语言中的委婉表达在另一种语言中找不到相对应的表达方式，甚至连相近的表达也没有。例如汉语中有贵校，寒舍，惠存，贱内等的表达，英语中没有，这主要是因为汉语文化中，人们常使用谦词来表示对对方的礼貌与尊敬，而西方人难以理解汉语文化中的这种谦虚心理，因此英语中也不存在相对应的委婉的表达。英汉语中的委婉语涉及社会生活的各个方面，是各自文化的具体表现，在交际过程中起到了举足轻重的作用，因此我们在日常的语言学习中，一定要注意委婉语的积累和使用。避免不必要的误会，以便达到成功的交际，这是语言学习的最终目的。 课件82张PPT。Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P46课文，判断正误
1．The writer thinks his father to be the most important person in his life because his father is rich and famous.( )2．The writer's father started working to support the big family at the age of 14.( )
3．The writer's father set up an organization to help students in need.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.TⅡ.语篇理解
阅读P46课文，选取最佳答案
1．Why did Father put at least 50 cents every day into a jar?
A．To support the family.
B．To buy Christmas presents.
C．To help the local community.2．What's the main idea of the fifth paragraph?
A．My father helps his friend's son go on studying.
B．My father's good qualities of success.
C．My father's help in our local community.
3．Father gave his friend's son money in order to .
A．show respect to his friend
B．help him continue his studies
C．set up an organization
【答案】 1.B 2.C 3.B 1．The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed，it is almost compulsory that you be optimistic.(P43)
首先要记住的是，要想成功，乐观几乎是必须的。
(2)compulsory adj.必须做的；强制性的
Which subjects are compulsory in your school?
在你们学校里，哪些课程是必修的？
Attendance at the meeting is compulsory.
会议是必须参加的。compulsory education 强制性教育；义务教育
compulsory service system 义务兵役制
compulsory subjects 必修科目
It's compulsory that...(should) do...……是必须的
Basic Education consists of nine years of compulsory education.基础教育包括九年义务性教育。
It is compulsory that we (should) help others.
我们帮助其他人是必须的。(2)optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的
He is an optimistic young fellow.
他是位乐观的年轻人。
She is not optimistic about the outcome.
她对结果并不乐观。be optimistic about 对……乐观
appear/be/feel/look optimistic显得乐观/乐观/感觉乐观/看上去乐观
be extremely/highly/strongly/very optimistic 极其乐观
optimistic behavior 乐观行为
We have every reason to feel optimistic.
我们完全有理由感到乐观。
That seems like pretty optimistic behavior to me.
这在我看来像是很乐观的行为。2．fibre n．(动植物的)纤维；纤维质
You need to work with every fibre of your being.(P43)
你得全身心地工作。
The muscle fibre of this animal is diseased.
这个动物的肌肉纤维产生了病变。
Eating cereals and fruit will give you plenty of fibre in your diet.吃谷类食物和水果能多摄取纤维质。be high/rich in fibre 纤维含量丰富
with every fibre of one's being 全身心地
muscle fibre 肌肉纤维
a high/low fibre diet 高/低纤维饮食
It is rich in fibre and low in sugar and fat.
它纤维丰富，糖和脂肪少。
He is working with every fibre of his being.
他在全心全意地工作。3．thirst n．渴望，渴求；口渴
When you really have a thirst for success，you put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every little thing you do works towards your goal.(P43)
当你真的渴望成功时，你细致入微地分析行动，确保你做的每件小事对你的目标都有帮助。
He had a great thirst for knowledge.
他渴求知识。
This kind of work gives me a thirst.
这种工作使我感到口渴。4．for the taking 供自己取用
Success is yours for the taking！(P43)
成功由你把握！
This world is yours for the taking.
这个世界是由你们说了算。
She was surprised to find the money on the kitchen table，just there for the taking.
她惊讶地发现钱就放在厨房的餐桌上，伸手可拿。
【提示】 be sb.'s for the taking＝be there for the taking唾手可得；随手可拿；手到擒来5．Rather，what I value about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family.(P46)
更确切地说，我觉得父亲最重要的是他给我和家庭的关心和爱。
(1)rather adv.更确切地讲，更准确地说(常和or连用)；相当；颇
She worked as a secretary，or rather，a personal assistant.
她当了秘书，确切地讲，是私人助理。
The instructions were rather complicated.
这些说明相当复杂。would/had rather...宁愿……；倒愿意……
rather than而不是
rather too 过于；太
Would you rather walk or take the bus?
你想走路还是坐公共汽车？
I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想要杯冷饮，不要咖啡。【教师备课资源】
would rather(宁愿，宁可)后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，用过去时指现在或将来；用过去完成时指过去。value sb./sth. as...把某人/某物视为……
be valued for sth.因某事而受到重视
be of little/some/no/great value几乎没有价值/有些价值/没有价值/有很大价值
valuable adj.有价值的，值钱的I really value him as a friend.
我真的把他视为朋友。
The place is valued for its vineyards.
这个地区由于它的葡萄园而受到重视。
Your help has been of great value.
你的帮助很有价值。
【教师备课资源】
value“价值，益处”指物体内在的价值，重要性。price“价格，价钱”，指商品的价格，卖者“索要的价”或“买者支付的价”。cost“代价”指制作成本，花费的金钱、劳力、精力等。6．What blesses my father most is being able to put food on the table and a roof over our heads.(P46)
最让我父亲感到幸福的是，他能够养家糊口，能让我们有栖身之所。
(1)What blesses my father most是主语从句，由what引导，且在从句中作主语。
What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.
一些人看起来容易的事情，其他人看起来很难。主语从句在复合句中作主语。常用的引导词有：连接词that和whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever；连接副词where，when，how，why。其中，除了连接词that和whether在句中不作成分但是不能省略之外，所有的连接代词和连接副词在从句中都充当句子成分。That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us.
上个月他突然生病使我们很吃惊。
Whoever comes is welcome.
不论谁来都欢迎。
【提示】 在主语从句中that不充当任何成分。【对接高考】
(2013·四川高考) you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A．When B．How
C．What D．That【解析】 题干的意思是：你在会上所说的话为公司描绘了一个光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，题中缺少主语从句的引导词，并且引导词要在从句中作宾语。选项中只有what既可以引导主语从句，又可以在从句中作宾语，因此符合题意。when和how可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中作状语，不合题意；that可以引导主语从句，但是在从句中不作句子成分，也不合题意。
【答案】 C④他所要的东西都在这里。
is all here.
【答案】 ①Whether he'll come here ②Which of the questions is to be discussed first ③That they should like each other ④What he wants(2)bless vt.赐福于；保佑；祝福
May God bless you and keep you safe from harm.
愿上天保佑你安然无恙。
Fortune blessed him with success and victory.
命运之神赐他成功与胜利。be blessed with在……方面有福气；幸运地享有
Bless me！哎呀！天呀！完了！谢天谢地！好家伙！
bless oneself 自祝；非常高兴
God bless you！愿上帝保佑你！
He is blessed with good health.
他享有健康的身体。
God bless you，my dear.It's most kind of you to help.
上帝保佑你，我亲爱的。你能来帮忙真是太感谢了。【教师备课资源】
blessed adj.神圣的，有福的，无忧无虑的
blessing n．祝福，幸运的事
a blessing in disguise因祸得福
a mixed blessing有利亦有弊的事情
count your blessings不要身在福中不知福7．pick up 捡起；学会；获得；开车接送，搭载；重新开始；好转
Whenever I trip or hurt myself playing sports，he's there to pick me up.(P46)无论什么时候我摔倒，或在运动时受伤，父亲总是把我扶起来。
She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico.
她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。
Pick me up at the hotel.到旅馆来接我。
Her health soon picked up after a few days' rest.
她休息了几天，很快恢复了。pick oneself up (摔倒后)站起身来，振作起来
pick up speed (车)提速，加速
pick out 选出；辨认出；领会
pick on 招惹；找茬儿；责备Let's pick out the bad potatoes from the basket.
让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来。
The older boys always pick on the younger ones.
大孩子总是招惹小的孩子。【解析】 句意：真令人惊讶，你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语——他已经很长时间不住在那里了。pick up 拾起，捡起，学会；look up 仰望，查阅，尊敬，拜访；put up 举起，张贴，提供，建造，推举，提名，供给……住宿；make up组成，化妆，整理，弥补。
【答案】 A8．When we were very young，my father had an extra job as a hotel porter，and he also mopped the floor of a hotel every night so that he could give us a special treat or a vacation.(P46)
我们很小的时候，父亲兼职做宾馆服务员，每天晚上他还在宾馆拖地，以便可以给我们一份特殊的款待或者一次假期。
(1)as prep.作为；当作
I respect him as a doctor.我尊敬他这个医生。
The news came as a shock.消息传来，令人震惊。as prep.(表示时间)当还是……的时候；(表示举例)例如，诸如……之类的
as adv.同样地，一样地
as conj.随着；在……期间；因为；尽管(引导倒装的让步状语从句)The dining room was twice as big as the Tom's.
这个餐厅比汤姆的餐厅大一倍。
We talked about such subjects as the weather.
我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。
Intelligent as you are，I suspect you will fail.
尽管你聪明，我猜想你会失败。④虽然他还是个孩子，但他知道的很多。
，he knows a lot.
【答案】 ①As a schoolboy ②As you weren't there ③As days went on ④Child as he istreat vt.请客，对待，招待；看待；治疗
treat sb./oneself to sth.用某物款待某人/自己
treat...as把……看作/看待
treat with sb.与某人谈判；与某人交涉；与某人交易
She treats everything I say as some kind of joke.
她把我说的每一件事都当成是某种玩笑。
I'll treat myself to a sunbath.
我要好好地享受一次日光浴。shrink from (doing) sth.回避(困难等)
shrink by 缩小了
shrink from...to...从……缩小到
shrink back 退/畏缩；害怕
shrink into缩进
The dog shrank from the whip.
那狗退缩以躲避鞭子。
Their profits shrank by 4% last year.
去年他们的利润降低了4%。
Their share of the market has shrunk from 14% to 5%.
他们的市场份额从14% 降到了5%。
③我往后退进了阴暗处。
I the shadows.
【答案】 ①shrink from doing ②shrunk from；to
③shrank back intoNo matter what/Whatever you do，do it well.
不管你做什么，把它做好。
No matter how/However hot it is，he won't take off his hat.
不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。
【提示】 注意疑问代词whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever除可引导让步状语外，还可引导名词性从句，这时不能换成no matter ＋ what，who，which，whom形式。【对接高考】
(2013·辽宁高考)One can always manage to do more things，no matter full one's schedule is in life.
A．how B．what
C．when D．where【解析】 句意：无论一个人的生活日程有多么满，他总能设法做更多的事情。本句中“no matter＋疑问词”结构引导让步状语从句，因为要修饰空格后的形容词full，故用how，no matter how意为“无论多么……”。no matter what意为“无论什么”；no matter when意为“无论何时”；no matter where意为“无论何地”。
【答案】 A
【答案】 ①No matter what/Whatever happens ②No matter when/Whenever we meet him ③Whoever breaks the law或Whoever/No matter who breaks the law，he如何写演讲稿
演讲的目的是阐述演讲者的观点，并且通过演讲者的语言感染力让听众理解并接受其观点。因此，演讲稿在写作时要做到观点明确，层次分明，论据有力。
一、英语演讲稿的基本组成部分是：
1．开始时对听众的称呼语
最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用 Fellow students，Distinguished guests，Mr.Chairman，Honorable Judges(评委)等等。2．提出论题
由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动、最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。3．论证
对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下工夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等。
4．结论
结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。5．结尾
结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似“准备不足，请谅解”，“请批评指正”这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。
[题目要求]
在现实生活中，每一个人都想要获得成功，但事实上并非每个人都能如愿以偿。有的人抓住了机会，而有的人却丧失了机遇。请你根据下面的要点提示写一篇150词左右的演讲稿。[思路点拨]
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
一、构建框架，清晰行文：首先提出问题，接着阐述不同的观点和看法并表述理由，最后表明个人观点。二、打造亮句，增色文章。三、串句成文，保证流畅。【答案】 1.in fact/as a matter of fact 2.without being noticed 3.appear 4.realize 5.achieve success 6.wait for 7.the hard-working people 8.seize opportunity4．他们习惯于等待机会来敲门。
They to come knocking on their doors.
5．机遇对每一个人都平等，但只有努力的人才能抓住它。
All people are given opportunity， only the more hard-working people seize it.
【答案】 1.As we all know 2.without being noticed
3．Only when the opportunity has left us；do we realize 4. are used to waiting for opportunity 5.but【参考范文】
Ladies and gentlemen，
As we all know，everyone in the world wants to succeed.As a matter of fact，opportunity comes once in a while.On most occasions，it appears without being noticed.Only when the opportunity has left us，do we realize that we have lost it.
Some people know the importance of opportunity.They understand opportunity is a factor in achieving success.So they are always ready for an opportunity when it arrives.However，other people give up their efforts to seek opportunity and grasp it.They are used to waiting for opportunity to come knocking on their doors.
All people are given opportunity，but only the more hard-working people seize it.
Thank you for listening.
