阅读理解主旨大意（记叙文）课件(共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
Read for understanding
and critical thinking
记叙类篇章阅读指导
----主旨大意题&阅读主观题
主旨大意题
大意类
What's the passage mainly about
What is the main idea of the passage
The passage mainly tells us…
标题类
What is the best title for the passage
Passage One
One day a lonely girl found two weak birds while she was walking in the forests. She took them home and put them in a small cage. She fed them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with beautiful songs. The girl loved them very much and wanted their singing to last forever.
One Sunday the girl left the cage’s door open. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew out of the cage. The girl watched worriedly as it circled(盘旋) high above her. She was afraid that it would fly away and she would never see it again. So when it flew close, she grasped(抓) at it wildly. She was very happy that she held it tightly(紧紧地)within her hand! Suddenly, she felt something had happened to the bird. She opened her hand and was surprised to find the bird was dead. Her love for the bird killed it.
After the bird's death, she noticed the other bird jumping in the cage. She could feel that it wanted to be free. It hoped to fly into the clear, blue sky. She lifted it from the cage and flew it into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times... When the bird was flying happily in the sky, she was so glad. Just then the bird flew closer and sat softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song she had ever heard.
saved
freed
killed
One day
One Sunday
After that
The girl two birds.
The girl one of two birds.
The girl the other of two birds.
A. saved B.freed(使自由) C.killed
What is each paragragh mainly about
Timeline
Passage One
One day a lonely girl found two weak birds while she was walking in the forests. She took them home and put them in a small cage. She fed them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with beautiful songs. The girl loved them very much and wanted their singing to last forever.
One Sunday the girl left the cage’s door open. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew out of the cage. The girl watched worriedly as it circled(盘旋) high above her. She was afraid that it would fly away and she would never see it again. So when it flew close, she grasped(抓) at it wildly. She was very happy that she held it tightly(紧紧地)within her hand! Suddenly, she felt something had happened to the bird. She opened her hand and was surprised to find the bird was dead. Her love for the bird killed it.
After the bird's death, she noticed the other bird jumping in the cage. She could feel that it wanted to be free. It hoped to fly into the clear, blue sky. She lifted it from the cage and flew it into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times... When the bird was flying happily in the sky, she was so glad. Just then the bird flew closer and sat softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song she had ever heard.
The passage mainly tells us a girl saved two weak birds .
A. and fed them with love.
B. and put them in a small cage.
C. but killed one and freed the other because of love.
D. but they couldn’t fly happily and freely in the sky.
断 章 取 义
概括性
全面性
精准性
Passage Two
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness(目击者). This is what they said.
TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I didn’t stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both cars were damaged(受损害).
TAXI DRIVER: I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers from Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver didn’t give me a warning(警告). I was driving very slowly. I couldn’t pass the truck because there were two coming cars from Newton. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
Tom: I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from Newton. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi drive didn’t look at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something. My friend saw the accident, too.
Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
What's the best title for the passage
A.A Taxi Driver B.A Traffic Accident
C.A Truck Driver D.A train accident
无中生有
以偏概全
精准性
Topic sentence
Passage There
Long long ago, there was a swan(天鹅) with golden feathers(羽毛). She lived in a lake. A woman lived in a small house near the lake with her two daughters. They were very poor. They worked hard all year round, but still, they lived a hard life and sometimes they even don’t have enough money to buy food.
The swan was sad to see that. She said to herself, “I’ll give one of my feathers to them each day, then they can live a happy like with the money selling my feathers.” That evening, she flew to the poor woman’ house and left a golden feather on the table without saying anything. From then on, the swan came every day and gave them a feather. The woman was happy because their life was much better than before.
But day after day, the woman became greedy(贪婪的).She said to her daughter, “The swan may fly away one day. If so, we will be poor again. We should take all her feathers when she comes next time.”
“Oh, no, Mum!” cried the daughter. “This will hurt the swan. She helps us a lot!” But the mother wouldn’t listen. When the swan came as usual, the mother caught her and took all her feathers. But suddenly, the golden feathers changed into chicken feathers.
Then, the Golden Swan said, “Poor Mother, you are too greedy. I came to help you, but you wanted to kill me. Now, I am leaving and will never come back. Never be greedy!” With these words, the swan flew away.
What's the best title for the passage
A.A Lake with a Golden Swan
B.A Greedy Mother
C.Kind Daughters
D.A Sad Story
断 章 取 义
断 章 取 义
主 题 扩 大
Tip3:Pay attention to the words appearing repeatedly
　　　　　 抓住高频词
Passage Four
A famous doctor once received a little child that was badly ill. Thanks to his skill and care, the child got well and was soon able to get up and run about again.
The child’s mother was very thankful to the doctor, and she visited him for what he had done for her child. “Doctor,” she said, “you have saved my little son. I don’t know how to thank you enough. I feel that money along cannot pay you, so I have made this little purse with my own hands, as a symbol of my thanks. I hope you will accept it.” The doctor stood up and said coldly, “Madam, a little present like that is very nice between friends, but a doctor needs to be paid enough for what he has done.” The lady was so surprised and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment. Then she said quietly, “Perhaps you will tell me how much I should give you.”
“Fifty pounds,” he answered.
The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes. She passed one of them to the doctor and put the other three back into the purse. She put the purse into her handbag, said goodbye to the doctor and went out of the room.
What is the passage mainly about
A.A doctor refused a mother's thanks.
B.A mother thanked a doctor with a little purse.
C.A doctor saved a little child and asked for some money as pay.
D.A little child was badly ill and got well again because of a doctor.
Tip2: Wh-questions may help you understand better.
(记叙文六要素\5W1H)
主旨大意特征
干扰项特征
针对性
全面性
精准性
概括性
断章取义
张冠李戴
主题扩大
无中生有
以偏概全
阅读主观题
What can you learn from the passage
Why
分数值 给分标准
第五档：5分 理解题意，给出完整、合理的答案，依据充分，逻辑严密，语言规范，水平高
第四档：4分 理解题意，给出较完整、较合理的答案，有依据，语言规范
第三档：3分 理解题意，给出基本合理的答案，语言有问题，影响理解
第二档：2分 给出与问题相关的答案，语言水平低，很难读懂
第一档：0分 不作答或回答不相关
记叙类篇章主观阅读题评分标准
Passage One
One day a lonely girl found two weak birds while she was walking in the forests. She took them home and put them in a small cage. She fed them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with beautiful songs. The girl loved them very much and wanted their singing to last forever.
One Sunday the girl left the cage’s door open. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew out of the cage. The girl watched worriedly as it circled(盘旋) high above her. She was afraid that it would fly away and she would never see it again. So when it flew close, she grasped(抓) at it wildly. She was very happy that she held it tightly(紧紧地)within her hand! Suddenly, she felt something had happened to the bird. She opened her hand and was surprised to find the bird was dead. Her love for the bird killed it.
After the bird's death, she noticed the other bird jumping in the cage. She could feel that it wanted to be free. It hoped to fly into the clear, blue sky. She lifted it from the cage and flew it into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times... When the bird was flying happily in the sky, she was so glad. Just then the bird flew closer and sat softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song she had ever heard.
Why did the girl hold the bird tightly in her hand What does the story want to tell us
Tip3:Pay attention to the words appearing repeatedly
　　　　　 抓住高频词
Passage One
One day a lonely girl found two weak birds while she was walking in the forests. She took them home and put them in a small cage. She fed them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with beautiful songs. The girl loved them very much and wanted their singing to last forever.
One Sunday the girl left the cage’s door open. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew out of the cage. The girl watched worriedly as it circled(盘旋) high above her. She was afraid that it would fly away and she would never see it again. So when it flew close, she grasped(抓) at it wildly. She was very happy that she held it tightly(紧紧地)within her hand! Suddenly, she felt something had happened to the bird. She opened her hand and was surprised to find the bird was dead. Her love for the bird killed it.
After the bird's death, she noticed the other bird jumping in the cage. She could feel that it wanted to be free. It hoped to fly into the clear, blue sky. She lifted it from the cage and flew it into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times... When the bird was flying happily in the sky, she was so glad. Just then the bird flew closer and sat softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song she had ever heard.
Why did the girl hold the bird tightly in her hand What does the story want to tell us
Because she was afraid to lose it. It tells us if you want to keep love, please let it go
freely. When the girl was afraid that the bird would fly away, she held it too tightly and killed it. When the girl freed the other bird, it sat on her shoulder and sang happily.
opinion
facts
Tip2: Wh-questions may help you understand better.
(记叙文六要素\5W1H)
Passage Three
Long long ago, there was a swan(天鹅) with golden feathers(羽毛). She lived in a lake. A woman lived in a small house near the lake with her two daughters. They were very poor. They worked hard all year round, but still, they lived a hard life and sometimes they even don’t have enough money to buy food.
The swan was sad to see that. She said to herself, “I’ll give one of my feathers to them each day, then they can live a happy like with the money selling my feathers.” That evening, she flew to the poor woman’ house and left a golden feather on the table without saying anything. From then on, the swan came every day and gave them a feather. The woman was happy because their life was much better than before.
But day after day, the woman became greedy(贪婪的).She said to her daughter, “The swan may fly away one day. If so, we will be poor again. We should take all her feathers when she comes next time.”
“Oh, no, Mum!” cried the daughter. “This will hurt the swan. She helps us a lot!” But the mother wouldn’t listen. When the swan came as usual, the mother caught her and took all her feathers. But suddenly, the golden feathers changed into chicken feathers.
Then, the Golden Swan said, “Poor Mother, you are too greedy. I came to help you, but you wanted to kill me. Now, I am leaving and will never come back. Never be greedy!” With these words, the swan flew away.
How did Mother feel at last Why
Tip2: Wh-questions may help you understand better.
(记叙文六要素\5W1H)
She felt sad and regretful. Because she took all feathers of the swan and they changed into chicken feathers. The swan was hurt, so it flew away and never came back. Mother's life was poor as before again.
Passage Four
A famous doctor once received a little child that was badly ill. Thanks to his skill and care, the child got well and was soon able to get up and run about again.
The child’s mother was very thankful to the doctor, and she visited him for what he had done for her child. “Doctor,” she said, “you have saved my little son. I don’t know how to thank you enough. I feel that money along cannot pay you, so I have made this little purse with my own hands, as a symbol of my thanks. I hope you will accept it.” The doctor stood up and said coldly, “Madam, a little present like that is very nice between friends, but a doctor needs to be paid enough for what he has done.” The lady was so surprised and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment. Then she said quietly, “Perhaps you will tell me how much I should give you.”
“Fifty pounds,” he answered.
The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes. She passed one of them to the doctor and put the other three back into the purse. She put the purse into her handbag, said goodbye to the doctor and went out of the room.
How would the doctor feel in the end Why
He would feel surprised and sorry/regretful. Because he didn't know there were four fifty-pound bank notes in the little purse. And he refused the woman's thanks rudely and hurt her too much.
Tip2: Wh-questions may help you understand better.
(记叙文六要素\5W1H)
Tips for reading(方法总结)
1.Read for topic sentences and key words.
　(抓住高频词和主题句，特别是首尾句段)
2.Wh-questions may help.(记叙文六要素\5W1H）
3.Pay attention to the time order .(理清时间顺序)
以事感人；记叙人物的经历和事物发展变化
记叙类篇章
顺叙
插叙
倒叙
时间的先后或事物的发展顺序
Passage Two
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness(目击者). This is what they said.
TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I didn’t stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both cars were damaged(受损害).
TAXI DRIVER: I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers from Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver didn’t give me a warning(警告). I was driving very slowly. I couldn’t pass the truck because there were two coming cars from Newton. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
Tom: I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from Newton. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi drive didn’t look at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something. My friend saw the accident, too.
Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
From the story, who didn't tell the truth Why did he do so
The taxi driver didn’t tell the truth. Because the taxi driver was
looking out of the window at something while driving fast. He was against the traffic rules, he was afraid to be punished(惩罚) and fined(罚款) by the policeman.
Tip1: Wh-questions may help you understand better.
(记叙文六要素\5W1H)