课件40张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。●教学地位
本课时主要讲述英语的发展历史，要求学生了解英语的历史及其发展，使学生通过阅读这篇文章掌握阅读此类文章的阅读策略和阅读技巧，提高学生的阅读能力和综合运用语言的能力，同时，培养学生提高对英语的认识，从而增加学习英语的兴趣。●新课导入建议
建议教师以Brainstorm的形式导入新课 : Ask students the following questions: 1.Are you good at English? 2.What do you think is the most difficult part of studying English－pronunciation，grammar，vocabulary or anything else? 3.Do you think English has always stayed the same?演示结束 Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P22～23的Reading部分，完成下列表格(每空1词)【答案】 1.Celtic 2.9th 3.moved 4.official 5.conquered 6.14th 7.English 8.Henry Ⅳ 9.16th 10.ModernⅡ.语篇理解
阅读P22～23的Reading部分，选择最佳答案
1．What is the main reason for English's development?
A．The borrowing from other languages.
B．The mixing of different languages from different countries，and the invasions.
C．Both A and B.2．The base of Old English is .
A．Celtic
B．Anglo-Saxon
C．the languages of Denmark and Norway3．Which of the following is TRUE about the history of English?
A．The language used before the middle of the 5th century is called Old English.
B．Middle English started from about the 12th century and ended in the 16th century.
C．Only the English we are using today is Modern English.4．Which is the reason why French didn't have the same result as the first language in spite of its invasion?
A．The Normans conquest didn't have the same result as the Germanic invasion had.
B．The Normans didn't rule England as long as the Germans did.
C．It is not mentioned in the passage.5．Which of the following terms come from French?
A．Beef，sheep and bacon.
B．Pig，mutton and tooth.
C．Beef，pork and bacon.
【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.CⅢ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
official；adopt；modern；include；affect；nowadays；upper；take control of；process；contribute
Throughout history，English has changed a lot.English can be divided into three sections: Old English，Middle English and 1. English.Old English is very different from the English we speak 2. .By the 10th century，Old English was the 3. language of England.Ⅱ.短语填空
take control of；name after；play a part in；as well；go through；be made up of；aside from
1． the prize，he also got much experience and honor.
2．Last week the government the nation's two biggest housing finance companies.
3．China is a big agricultural country，and agriculture(农业) its national economy.4．His family suggested that the robot he had invented him.
5．This book twelve separate short stories.
【答案】 1.Aside from 2.took control of 3.plays a part in 4.(should)be named after 5.is made up of3．This is because English has many words and phrases from different languages.
这是因为英语有很多单词和短语来自不同的语言。
4．On the other hand，the English did borrow many words from French.
另一方面，英语确实借用了很多法语单词。
5．It is certain that this process will continue，and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.
可以确定的是这种进程仍会继续，人们也会不断地发明新词汇和新的说话方式。 课件76张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，再通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。●教学地位
学生需要打好牢固的基础，因此对每一单元里的重点单词、短语及句型的用法牢牢掌握，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。●新课导入建议
教师可以以检查上堂课所布置的作业导入课堂。演示结束 1．be made up of由……组成(构成)
The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.(P22)英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的语言。
A car is made up of many different parts.
汽车由许多不同的部件组成。be made in在……生产/制造(介词后跟地点)
be made into制成……(介词后跟产品/制成品)
be made of由……制成(能看出原材料)
be made from由……制成(看不出原材料)
Cotton can be made into cloth.
棉花可以制成布。
The paper is made from rice straw.
这种纸是由稻草做的。【教师备课资源】
make的常用短语
make up化妆，打扮；和解；编造，虚构；构成
make out理解；看清，辨认清楚
make up for弥补，补偿
make one's way前往
make it成功④葡萄酒是用葡萄酿制的。
Wine is grapes.
⑤我买的车是中国制造的。
The car I bought is made .
【答案】 ①is made up of ②are often made of ③can be made into ④made from ⑤in Chinakeep sb.occupied使某人忙碌
occupy oneself with/in (doing) sth.
某人忙于(做)某事
be occupied in (doing) /with sth.
忙于(做)某事；正在做某事
occupation n．职业
How does he occupy himself now that he's retired?
他既已退休，那如何打发日子呢？
He was occupied in writing letters.
他正在写信。3．consist of 由……组成(构成)
Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(P22)古英语就是由他们的语言混合而成的。
This club consists of more than 300 members.
这个俱乐部由300位以上的会员组成。
He is reading a book consisting of many chapters.
他正在读一本由许多章节组成的书。③一国之幸福以其全民之自由为首要。
The happiness of a country the freedom of its citizens.
④理论应与实践相一致。
Theory should .
【答案】 ①consists of；is made up of ②consisting of ③consists in ④consist with practice4．name after以……命名
Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles.(P22)
英语和英国人都是以盎格鲁命名的。
The machine is named after its inventor.
这台机器是以其发明者的名字命名的。in (the) name of (in sb.'s name)
代表某人；凭借某事物的权威
put one's name down for报名上(学、课等)
under the name of用……作名字
by the name of名叫……的【教师备课资源】
name的相关短语
to one's name属于自己的(通常与no，not连用)
named adj.指定的
nameless adj.无名的；匿名的
namely adv.即；也就是
注意：namely＝that is to say即；也就是
worth the name名副其实
name sb.for提名某人担任某职务besides/except/aside/apart fromApart from English，he has a good command of Russian and French.
除英语外，他还精通俄语和法语。(＝besides)
He has no interests，apart from his work.
他除了自己的工作外，没什么兴趣爱好。(＝except)6．official adj.官方的；正式的 n．官员；公务员
By the 10th century，Old English had become the official language of England.(P22)
到公元10世纪，古英语已成了英国的官方语言。
You have to get official permission to build a new house.你要盖新房必须得到正式的许可。
An official of the local government called to see him.
当地政府一位官员来看他。official/officer7．The most important contribution was from the Normans，a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(P22)最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年打败并统治了英格兰。
(1)contribution n．贡献；促成因素；捐款(赠)
Robert's contribution should also be remembered.
罗伯特的贡献同样应该久记不忘。make contributions to (toward)对……作出贡献
contribute vi.& vt.捐助；捐献；贡献；投稿
contribute...to...向……捐献(投稿)
contribute to...促成；起作用；有助于
You have made great contributions to our firm.
你为公司做出了很大贡献。
She has contributed several poems to magazines.
她给刊物投了几首诗稿。
Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?
吸烟会导致肺癌吗？②He all his time and energy to his work.
A．spent B．cost
C．contributed D．combined
【解析】 句意：他把他所有的精力和时间都奉献给他的工作。contribute...to...把……贡献给……。
【答案】 C(2)defeat vt.击败，战胜 n．失败，战败
The mayor defeated all opponents in the last election.
在上次竞选中市长打败了所有对手。
The hopes were defeated.
希望落空了。
It is not easy for him to admit his defeat.
他不轻易承认自己的失败。win/beat/defeatIt was a lack of money，not efforts，that defeated their plan.导致他们计划失败的不是不努力，而是缺钱。
I could always beat my brother at chess.
每次下棋，我都能赢我兄弟。
He won the love and respect of his students.
他赢得了学生们的喜爱和尊敬。in control of控制；掌握；管理
in/under the control of在……控制下
lose control of失去对……的控制
beyond/out of control无法控制
under control处于控制之下Who's in control of the project?
谁是这个项目的负责人？
John lost control of his car.
约翰的车子失去了控制。
At first，the fire got out of control.
起初，火势变得无法控制。⑧汽车失去控制而撞毁了。
The car went and crashed.
⑨这个国家现在在军队的控制之下。
The country is the military now.
【答案】 ⑤took control of ⑥lose control of ⑦in control ⑧out of control ⑨in/under the control of8．However，the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons' victory about 600 years earlier，which led to Old English replacing Celtic.(P22)然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。
(1)lead to 导致；通往……
Eating too many hamburgers can lead to health problems.吃太多汉堡会引发健康问题。
All roads lead to Rome.
条条道路通罗马。lead sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事
lead sb.to＋名词 把某人引向……
lead a．..life过着……生活
近义词(组)有：result in；bring about；cause
What led you to change your mind?
是什么使你改变了想法？
The sign is not correct.It will lead us to a wrong way.
这个路标不对。它会把我们引到错路上去的。(2)replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把……送回(原处)
Have you found anyone to replace me yet?
你们找到人来代替我了吗？
E-mail has largely replaced the traditional business letter.电子邮件已在很大程度上取代了传统的商务书信。
She carefully replaced the china plate on the shelf.
她小心翼翼地把瓷盘放回到架子上。replace A with B用B代替A
take one's place取代某人；代替某人
take the place of sb.代替某人；取代某人
in place of sb.＝instead of sb.代替某人I'll replace the cup I have broken with a new one.
我将用一只新杯子赔偿被我打碎的那只。
No one could take her mother's place in her mind.
没有人可以取代她母亲在她心目中的地位。
Who will take the place of Mr.Smith?
谁将取代史密斯先生的位置呢？(2)even though意为“即使，尽管”，相当于even if，引导的让步状语从句的内容既可以是事实，也可以是一种假设。
Even though you disagree with her，she's still worth listening to.
即使你不同意她的观点，她的意见还是值得听取的。
Even though he is poor，she loves him.
尽管他很穷，但她还是爱他。【对接高考】
(2012·北京高考)—Look at those clouds!
—Don't worry. it rains，we'll still have a great time.
A．Even if B．As though
C．In case D．If only【解析】 首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。even if“即使”，引导让步状语从句；as though“好像”，引导方式状语从句；in case“以防，万一”，引导条件状语从句；if only“要是……就好了”，引导虚拟条件句。由题干中的关键信息Don't worry.和．..we'll still have a great time.可知此处填Even if“即使”。句意：——看那些乌云！——别担心。即使下雨，我们仍然会玩得很开心。
【答案】 A10．result in 造成；导致
This resulted in even more words with similar meanings，such as answer (from Old English)and reply (from Old French)．(P23)这使英语产生了更多意思相近的词语，如answer(源自古英语)和reply(源自古法语)。
The accident resulted in three deaths.
这起事故造成了三人死亡。
The bone resulted in a fight among the dogs.
这根骨头在一群狗之间引发了争斗。The wind raised the fallen leaves from the garden.
那阵风把庭院中的落叶刮了起来。
His long absence raised fears about his safety.
他长期不在引起了大家对他安全的担心。12．The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.(P23)英语在未来是不是要继续变化这个问题其实很容易回答。
(1)本句是一个复合句，of whether English will keep on changing in the future为介词短语作定语修饰question。of后面有由whether引导的宾语从句。
whether从属连词，主要引导下列几种从句。
I don‘t know whether/if they will come to help us.(引导宾语从句)我不知道他们是否来帮助我们。
Whether the news is true remains a question.(引导主语从句)消息是否真实仍是个问题。(2)本句的主语the question又作不定式to answer的逻辑宾语，不定式用其主动形式表被动意义。
在“be＋形容词＋to do”结构中，如果不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，不定式常用主动形式表被动意义。
This kind of water isn't fit to drink.
这种水不适宜饮用。
The girl isn't easy to get along with.
这个女孩不容易相处。①在“be＋形容词＋to do”结构中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语。如果不定式中谓语动词为不及物动词，应加上适当的介词。
②句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，所以不定式后不可以再加宾语。
③常用于此句型的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，light，heavy，comfortable，interesting，dangerous，pleasant等。The article is difficult to understand.
这篇文章很难理解。
The room is too small for five men to live in.
这个房间太小了，5个人住不下。
【教师备课资源】
在英语中下列的几类词也常用主动形式表被动意义。
①当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。This kind of cloth doesn't wash easily.
这种布不易洗。
These books won't sell well.
这些书不畅销。
My pen writes smoothly.
我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
The door won't lock.
门锁不上。
The dish smells delicious.
这道菜闻起来很香。②want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。
③be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
④be to blame，be to rent也用主动形式表被动意义。
【对接高考】
(2012·辽宁高考)This machine is very easy .Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A．operating B．to be operating
C．operated D．to operate【解析】 句意：这台机器很容易操作，任何人都能在几分钟内学会使用它。题干第一句是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，the machine虽是operate逻辑上的宾语，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
【答案】 D课件55张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识。●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。●新课导入建议
建议教师准备适量的含疑问词引导的名词性从句及it做形式主语的名词性从句的句子为学生呈现，让学生观察思考过去完成时适用场合。演示结束 1．concern n．关心；忧虑 vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣
King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language.(P29)
亨利七世国王是一位诗人，非常关心语言。
The story concerns a man who was a friend of mine.
故事讲的是我过去的一个朋友。
The World Cup taking place in Germany concerns all the fans throughout the world.在德国举行的世界杯足球赛影响到全世界所有的球迷们。show/express(great)concern about...
对……表示关心/担心
be concerned about/for...关心/挂念
concern oneself with/in/about sth.忙于某事；关心某事
as far as...be concerned就……而言
be concerned with与……有牵连
It concerns sb.that...……使某人担忧
concerning prep.关于，至于He didn't concern himself with the details.
他对细节不感兴趣。
I'm concerned for her safety.
他挂念着她的安全。
It concerns me that you no longer seem to care.
你似乎不再在乎，这让我担忧。【解析】 考查固定短语搭配。句意：这本小说与第二次世界大战有关，而大部分青少年更多地关心英雄的爱情故事。be concerned with/in与……有关，参与；be concerned about/for关心，挂念。
【答案】 A2．ban vt.&n.禁止；取缔
At one time the department banned some‘borrowed words’ from English，including ‘weekend’ and ‘e-mail’．(P29)这个部门一度废除了来自英语的“借用词”，包括“weekend”和“e-mail”。
Chemical weapons are banned internationally.
国际上禁止使用化学武器。
There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。ban sth.禁止……，取缔……
ban sb.from sth.禁止某人得到……，禁止某人去……
ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
impose/lift a ban(on sth.)颁布/解除(对……的)禁令He was banned from the meeting.
他被取消了出席会议的资格。
She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.
在对那些指控进行调查期间，她被禁止离开希腊。
The local government has imposed a ban on import.
当地政府颁布了进口的禁令。3．unique adj.独特的，唯一的；罕有的，极好的
French people supported this because they wanted to keep their language pure and unique.(P29)法国人支持这一点因为他们想保持他们语言纯净和独特。
Beethoven's symphony is unique in music.
贝多芬的交响曲在音乐中是无与伦比的。
Her style of writing is rather unique.
她的写作风格很不寻常。
unique to只有……才有的
make sb./sth.unique使……独特The custom is unique to the region.
这种风俗是这一地区特有的。
Its magnificent proportions make this palace unique among the buildings of the world.这座宫殿完美匀称的比例使它在世界建筑中是独一无二的。4．access vt.进入；使用 n．通道；(使用的)机会，权利
Today，the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.(P29)今天，世界各地都可以方便地上网、收看电视节目，使得外来词广为传播。
The loft can be accessed by a ladder.
搭梯子可以上阁楼。
There is no access to the house from the main road.
从大道走没有进入这所房子的入口。give access to准许进入
have/get/gain/obtain access to获得进入……的机会；可以进入；可以使得
accessible adj.可达到的；可进入的
be accessible to sth.可进入；可使用up to的其他用法
①达到……程度或数量(相当于as far as)
②有资格做……，胜任，适于(相当于fit for)
③由……决定，取决于(相当于be decided by)
④做；忙于，从事(相当于doing或busy doing/with)
⑤直到，不迟于(相当于until)Up to now he's been very quiet.
到目前为止，他一直很安静。
This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
该旅馆可供500位来宾住宿。
I'm not sure if she is really up to that job.
我不确定她是否真的胜任那项工作。
The children are very quiet；I wonder what they are up to.孩子们很安静，我不知道他们在搞什么名堂。【对接高考】
(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)—What shall we do tonight then?
— —whatever you want.
A．Help yourself B．It's a deal
C．No problem D．It's up to you
【解析】 句意：——那么今天晚上我们做什么？——由你决定，你想做什么都可以。由“whatever you want”可知D项切题，D项表示“由你决定”。A项表示“自便”，B项表示“成交”，C项表示“没问题”。
【答案】 D观察下列句子中的画线部分，判断分别为哪种名词性从句。
①When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.
②Here are some interesting pictures.You can choose whichever you like.
③That is why pigeons have been used to carry the news or the mail since ancient times.④King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language and set a standard for how people were to speak English.
⑤I read the book over and over again，but it was very difficult and I had no idea what I was supposed to do.[自我总结]
1．以上例句中画线部分分别是 从句、 从句、 从句、 从句和 从句。
2．名词性从句除了可以由连词that，whether/if引导之外，还可以由 (如例句②和⑤)和 (如例句①、③和④)引导。
【答案】 1.主语；宾语；表语；宾语；同位语 2.连接代词；连接副词名词性从句(Ⅱ)
一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句
1．由what，which，who/whom，whose等连接代词和when，where，why，how等连接副词引导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。(1)主语从句
Where we will go hasn't been decided.
我们要去哪儿还没有定下来。
Why he did this is not known.
他为什么要这样做还不知道。
What we need is your help.
我们所需要的就是你的帮助。
(2)宾语从句
He didn't know what time it was.
他不知道几点了。
Please tell me whose book it is.
请告诉我这是谁的书。(3)表语从句
The problem is how we could make him understand it.
问题是我们如何能使他明白这些。
The question is where we should go.
问题是我们应该去哪儿。
(4)同位语从句
I have no idea where he has gone.
我不知道他去了哪里。
We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题——为什么这是最好的选择。2．连接代词和连接副词的选择
连接代词和连接副词的选择要把握住两点：
(1)成分：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。
(2)意义：无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。
That's where the accident took place.
那就是事故发生的地方。
She didn't know who/whom we were talking about.
她不知道我们在谈论谁。3．名词性从句语序问题
名词性从句总是用陈述句语序，而不能使用疑问句语序，尤其是当名词性从句由“疑问词”引导时，不能受疑问句的影响而误用疑问句语序。
误：The problem is how can we prevent pollution.
正：The problem is how we can prevent pollution.
问题是我们怎样才能制止污染。二、形式主语it
在英语中，有时一个句子的主语太长会使这个句子显得笨拙且难以理解，而使这个句子变得容易理解的一个方法就是使用形式主语it。有了形式主语it，主语就被移到句子的末尾，it被放在句子开头的位置。
1．it作形式主语置于句首代替名词性从句的结构：
(1)It＋be＋形容词＋that从句结构，常用于这种句型的形容词有：fortunate，possible，(un)likely，strange，probable，true，doubtful等。It is strange that no one wants to go there.
真奇怪，竟然没有人想要去那里。
It is likely that he will come.
他可能要来。
It is best that you finish your homework first.
你最好先完成你的家庭作业。
It's hard to say how much money is needed.
很难说将需要多少钱。(2)It＋be＋名词＋that从句结构，常用于这种句型的名词及名词短语有good news，common knowledge，an honour，a pity，a shame，no wonder，a mystery等。
It is common knowledge that the earth turns around the sun.地球围着太阳转是常识。
It is a pity that he can't attend the party.
真遗憾，他不能参加晚会。
It is a fact that she won the first place.
她得了第一是事实。(3)It＋be＋-ed分词＋that从句结构，常用于这种句型的过去分词有known，said，believed，reported，pointed out，discussed，proved，decided等。
It is known to all that money can't grow on the tree.
众所周知，钱不会长在树上。
It is said that he was a famous writer.
据说他曾是一名著名的作家。
It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon.
据报道今天下午有暴风雨。(4)It＋seems/appears等不及物动词＋that从句结构。
It seems that it is going to rain soon.
看起来马上要下雨了。
It now appears that they are in trouble.
看起来他们现在是处在困境中。
2．it作形式主语代替不定式的结构：
在很多情况下(尤其是作主语的不定式短语过长时)，我们常用it代替不定式放在句首，而将作主语的不定式后置，以使句子显得平衡。(1)It＋be(或seems/feels等系动词)＋形容词＋不定式
It is hard to translate this sentence into English.
把这个句子译成英语很难。
It seems easy to deal with him.
同他打交道好像挺容易。
(2)It＋be＋名词＋不定式
It is a pleasure to be with you.
跟你在一起很高兴。
It is a mistake to do it in this way.
这样做是错误的。(3)It＋动词短语＋不定式
It needed hard work to finish the job.
做完那项工作需要艰苦劳动。
It requires patience to teach children.
教育孩子需要耐心。【提示】 用作主语的不定式，它的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也可由介词for或of引出。
①It is＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.句型中it为形式主语，动词不定式的复合结构for sb.to do sth.是真正的主语。使用这一句型只表明不定式行为的特点，而不表明sb.本身的特点。常见的此类形容词有easy，difficult，hard，important，necessary，expensive，impossible等。
It is impossible for him to go alone.
他一个人去不可能。
It is not easy for us to master a foreign language.
对我们来说掌握一门外语是不容易的。②It is＋形容词＋of sb.to do sth.句型中it是形式主语，动词不定式的复合结构of sb.to do sth.是真正的主语。使用这一句型意在对sb.及其所做的行为进行评价。此类形容词有good，kind，nice，wise，wrong，clever，brave，honest等。
It is kind of you to say so.
你这样说太好了。
It is stupid of you to make such a mistake.
你犯这样的错误是愚蠢的。3．当句子的主语是v.-ing形式时，it作形式主语代替v.-ing形式。有时为了避免头重脚轻的感觉，在日常英语中，特别是主语较长而宾语或表语较短时，常用it作形式主语。
It's nice talking to you.
跟你交谈很好。
It's good taking exercise every day.
每天锻炼是有好处的。【提示】 在it is no good/it is no use之后，我们通常用动词的-ing形式作句子的真正主语。
It is no use explaining it to him.
向他解释没有用。
It is no use sending him over.
派他去没用。
It's no good talking.
空谈无益。课件93张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。
(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料并根据材料得出结论。
(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，询问别人的观点并发表自己的观点。
(5)写一篇有关身势语的报告并设计一本小册子。●教学地位
本课时的内容是通过对两篇文章的学习使学生了解汉字的发展史及关于布莱叶盲文的故事，并能运用所学信息设计一本小册子●新课导入建议
建议从检查上节课作业导入新课。演示结束 Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读课本P38～39页的内容，完成下列表格(每空1词)Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P38页的课文，选择最佳答案
1．The main difference between the Chinese language and many Western languages should be that
according to the passage.
A．Western languages are usually formed by combining and mixing many different languages from different countries
B．the characters the Chinese language uses have meanings and can work alone as words，while Western languages can't
C．the Chinese language has a longer history than Western languages2．How many kinds of Chinese characters are mentioned in the passage?
A．1. B．2.
C．3.
3．Which is the correct explanation about the forming of the character“休”？
A．A man lying on the ground with his arms crossed.
B．A man lying against a tree.
C．A man running.
【答案】 1.B 2.B 3.B1．embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪
She is making fun of you and trying to embarrass you into trying harder.(P35)
她在取笑你，试图使你尴尬，使你更努力学习。
The old woman's questions embarrassed her.
老妇人的问题使她很尴尬。
It embarrassed her to meet strange men in the corridor at night.
夜里在走廊上遇见陌生男人使她感到很不好意思。embarrass sb.with sth./by doing sth.以……难住某人或使某人窘迫
embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的；害羞的
be embarrassed at/about such a request这样的请求使某人为难
be embarrassed to do sth.因做了某事感到不好意思
be embarrassed by sb.'s praise因为某人的表扬而感到窘迫
embarrassing adj.使人害羞的/难堪的/惭愧的
embarrassment n．害羞；困窘；难堪；困境2．conclusion n．结论；推论；结尾
In conclusion，we need to know the customs of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed or annoyed.(P36)总之，我们需要了解一个国家的风土人情，这样我们才不会让别人尴尬或生气。
We came to the conclusion that the room must have been empty.
我们得到的结论是，那个房间(当时)一定是空的。
I found the conclusion of her story very exciting.
我觉得她那故事的结尾很激动人心。In conclusion，I would like to thank you for what you have done for me.最后，我想感谢你为我所做的。
They came to the conclusion that they shouldn't have rushed to lift up the senior who had fallen over.他们得出的结论是他们不应该匆忙地扶起这位摔倒的老人。
The story concluded with the hero's death.
这故事随主人公死亡而告终。3．interrupt vi.& vt.插嘴，打断，暂停
Saying‘sorry’if we interrupt or disagree with someone also helps us to be polite.(P36)当我们打扰或不同意某人的看法时说声“对不起”也会使我们显得有礼貌。
Don't interrupt me when I'm busy.
当我忙的时候，别打扰我。
Don't interrupt the speaker now；he will answer questions later.
现在不要打断演讲者的话，他稍后再回答问题。disturb/interrupt英语中诸如case的表示抽象地点的名词还有stage，position，situation，point，occasion，career，degree等，这些名词充当先行词时，若定语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，则引导词用关系副词where，where可用“相应的介词＋which”替换；若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则引导词用that/which。此外，记住这几个常见的表示抽象地点的名词对解题也大有帮助。He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.
他使自己处于一种危险处境，在这种情况下他很可能失去对飞机的控制。
Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
直到今天我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。【解析】 句意：销售主管是一个交际能力和销售同样重要的职位。 communication ability is just as important as sales为定语从句，先行词为position，表示抽象地点，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故本题选D。
【答案】 D(1)differ vi.相异，有区别
That's where they differ.
那就是他们意见不合的地方。
They always differ from/with me about how to stop the factory from polluting the river.
关于如何防止这个工厂对这条河流的污染，他们和我的意见总是相左。A and B differ in sth.A和B在某方面不同
differ/disagree with sb.about/on...在……上与某人持不同意见。
be different from不同于
tell the difference between A and B(＝tell A from B)区别A与B
make a/no/some difference有/没有/有些关系(影响)French differs from English in this respect.＝French and English differ from each other in this respect.在这方面法语不同于英语。
It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.
你去不去对我都没有什么影响。
It's thought that city life is quite different from country life.大家认为都市生活和乡村生活是非常不同的。(2)stand for代表，象征，主张，支持
What does BBC stand for?
BBC代表什么？
I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.在投票选她之前，我想知道她主张什么。How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that？他那样虐待他那只狗，你怎么能袖手旁观？
He is a kind of person who stands out in a crowd.
他是那种在人群中很显眼的人。
Always stand up for your friends.
要永远维护朋友的利益。6．represent vt.代表；展示，描绘
Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects.(P38)然后他有了一个主意：可以用不同的形状来代表不同的物体。
Brown areas represent deserts on the map.
地图上的棕色区域代表沙漠。
The colour red commonly represents danger.
红色一般代表“危险”。
The picture represents a hunting scene.
这是一幅行猎图。7．as a whole 作为整体，总体上；一般地说
However，as a whole，the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.(P38)
然而，就其总体来说，汉字是从图画发展成标准形式的。
We must consider these matters as a whole.
我们必须全盘来考虑这些事情。
Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole？这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？
The population as a whole is/are in favour of the reform.全体人民都拥护改革。8．Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.(P38)并不是所有的汉字都是由物体的图形形式发展而来的。
句中not all characters“并不是所有汉字”，在此处表示部分否定。
英语中的all，both，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。Not every Welshman speaks Welsh.＝Every Welshman doesn't speak Welsh.
并不是每个威尔士人都说威尔士语。
None of these things are yours.
这些东西都不是你的。
Neither of us came here.
我们两个人都没有来过这里。④这些姑娘中没有一个喜欢唱歌的。
the girls like singing.
⑤他并不老打排球。
He volleyball.
【答案】 ①Both；are not/Not both；are ②Neither of ③Not every girl likes；doesn't like ④None of ⑤does not always play9．combine vt.& vi.组合；(使)联合
Sometimes to express ideas，some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.(P38)有时候为了表达思想，一些汉字是由两个或更多的汉字组合而成。
They combined their efforts to finish the work.
他们结合彼此的力量完成工作。
The two parties combined against the government.
两党联合起来反对政府。combine A and/with B把A和B结合/联合；兼有
combine to do sth.联(结)合起来干……
combine against...为反抗……而联合
combination n．[U]联合；结合[C]混合体；结合体10．distinguish vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征
It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them...(P38)
通过观看它们就可以很容易地区分它们的意思……
Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.
人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。People who cannot distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind.
不能辨别颜色的人谓之色盲。
He distinguished himself by his courage.
他因英勇而扬名。
The scientist is distinguished in many fields of knowledge.这位科学家在许多知识领域中都是杰出的。11．indicate vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示
Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings，one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.(P38)尽管这些汉字表示意义，却有一个缺点，就是它们无法表示发音。
Statistics indicate that the world population has doubled.统计数字显示世界人口已倍增。
His hesitation indicated that he doubted about the plan.他的犹豫暗示他怀疑那项计划。12．convenient adj.方便的，便利的；合适的
The whole system was not convenient for use.(P39)
整个体系用起来不方便。
Their house is convenient for the children's school.
他们家到孩子们的学校很方便。
We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting.
我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会。convenience n．方便，便利
be convenient to/for...对……是方便的
for convenience为了方便起见
at one's convenience在某人方便的时候
It is convenient(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事方便。Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning?
你上午来方便吗？
Please come whenever it is convenient to you.
请你在任何方便的时候过来。
Please send me an answer at your convenience.
请你在方便的时候给我一个答复。
It is a great convenience to have the school so near.
附近有一所学校，真是方便。②My house is very for getting to work as it is only a few minutes from the station.
A．comfortable B．suitable
C．convenient D．available
【解析】 comfortable“舒适的”；suitable“合适的”；available“可利用的，可得到的”。根据句意可知应选C。“上班很方便……”convenient“方便的”。
【答案】 C13．While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.(P39)尽管学生们认为这个士兵的想法很有趣，但这个系统太难了不实用。
这是一个主从复合句，the system was too...是主句，while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
While they are my neighbours，I don't know them well.尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解的并不多。while还可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，如从句主语和主句主语相同，可省略从句主语，直接跟分词或介词短语等。while还可作并列连词，意为“然而”。④他是工人而我是医生。
He is a worker .
【答案】 ①while he was doing so ②while in London
③While I understand what you say ④while I'm a doctor如何写调查报告
调查报告是为一个主题或问题下定义，收集相关资料和事实，以便尽量做到完整和精确的表达。一份报告应该包括分析、判断、结论和建议。报告应简洁、易懂、准确、逻辑性强，描述性强，针对性强。用于说明、阐述某个事物、某种观点，以说服读者。写好报告最重要的一步就是合理地组织你所获得的信息。主要分为以下四部分：第一部分应阐述报告的目的，即介绍报告的主题。第二部分要罗列已经完成的以及怎样完成的工作，即简述获得信息的途径或方法。第三部分要说明主要的发现。第四部分应说明主要结论，同时概括主要的建议和意见，也就是发表自己的观点。
一、命题特点
1．调查报告的命题形式一般提供图(graph)或表(table)，要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。2．调查报告命题所提供的图表形式多样，表格一般多为数据表，而图一般为柱状图(bar graph)、曲线图(line graph)、圆形图(circular graph)、饼形图(pie graph)或百分比图(percentage graph)等。
3．考生需要正确读取图表数据，同时，围绕题目中心对所给材料进行分析、判断、归纳。
4．有些命题还需要考生分析调查结果，揭示其规律，找出解决问题的对策。二、调查报告的常用开头
为说明调查的真实性和可靠性，调查报告的开头往往交代调查结果的来源、方式和调查目的。常见的开头有：
1．Recently，a survey has been done to find out .In this survey， were interviewed.They were asked .
2．Recently，we've conducted a survey to learn about .In this survey， were interviewed about .3．According to a survey...
4．I've made a survey and find that...
5．A recent study shows that...
6．常用的表达句式有：
①The survey show(that)．..
②From/According to the survey...
③It can be seen from the figures/statistics...
④We can see from the figures/statistics...
⑤It is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics...7．常用的过渡性词语
表示起始关系的过渡性词语有first of all，above all，according to等；表示空间顺序的词语有on one side，on the other side等；表示转折关系的词语有：while，however，on the contrary等。[思路点拨]
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
一、审清题意，正确读取柱状图表数据。
二、找准初中生与高中生在零用钱消费方面的异同点并分别描述。
三、站在正确的立场上发表自己的看法，要有说服力和认可度。
四、整篇作文以一般现在时为主。[句式温习]
1．在这一次调查中，初中生和高中生把大部分钱花在买书、零食和玩游戏上。
In this survey， junior students and senior students ，snacks and playing games.
2．调查表明大约46%的高中生宁愿买书而不买零食(37%)或打游戏(31%)。
The about 46% of seniors prefer books to snack(37%)and playing games(31%)．3．另一方面，只有32%的初中生花零钱买书。
，only 32% of juniors will books.
4．太多零食不仅使我们发胖而且危害健康。
Too many snacks will but also our health.
5．如果我们无限制地打游戏，我们就会失去许多珍贵时间。
If we play games ，we'll much time.【答案】 1.both；spend most of their money on books 2．survey shows that 3.On the other hand；spend pocket money on 4.not only make us put on weight；do harm to 5．without limits；lose；precious【参考范文】
Recently a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money.In this survey，both junior students and senior students spend most of their money on books，snacks and playing games，and still some money goes to clothes，banks，sports and so on.The survey shows that about 46% of seniors prefer books to snacks (37%) and playing games (31%)．On the other hand，only 32% of juniors will spend their pocket money on books，while over a half buy snacks and 46% spend on playing games.Both seniors and juniors would not waste too much money in clothes or put it in banks.In my opinion，too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.In addition，if we play games without limits，we'll lose much precious time，which results in low grades.Furthermore，the money is hard-earned.I hope we students value our money as well as our time.
