高考英语命题预测（2023老高考）（含答案）
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高考命题预测
老高考版
——2023年高考英语全国卷高考命题预测
一、高考信息归集
1、试卷结构
2023年高考试卷结构在2022年高考试卷题型结构基础上保持稳定。 2023年英语科高考命题持续体现我国高考评价体系中“一体四层四翼”的高考评价基本原则。基于高考真题研究和评价并综合我处和其他高考研究专家对2023年高考英语命题趋势做出提示，以下信息仅供参考。
（1）命题形式：第三部分第二节（语法填空）命题素材仍为短文形式。
（2）考查方式：阅读理解推断题可能增加，进一步增加对考生思辨能力的考查，以体现英语学科核心素养中思维品质的考查深度。
2.高效备考策略
（1）英语知识网络化：高三英语复习后期以回归基础为主，应该对词汇与语法的学习有完整的梳理并网络化、系统化。三大从句（定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句），特殊表达（虚拟语气，倒装句，省略），非谓语动词等，考生们要能够辨析与运用，对其结构和功能系统认识并运用。
（2）题型题组训练：在高三后期复习中，限时训练是专题突破的重要形式，要重点限时限量突破，并关注试题的质量，特别是试题的原创性。力求做到重点突出，难点突破，针对性强。注意试题的难度适中、符合高考命题总体方向。题型限时训练也是保持“最佳状态”的途径，如每天做点听力练习，每周进行完形、阅读理解、书面表达等题型的限时训练。
二、高考命题预测
1、命题新情境体现传统与现代文化，在语境中考查语言知识点
命题规划重视语境设置，突出考查考生在不同语境下对词汇、句法和语篇的理解和运用能力。 试题的语境化设计可体现在各种题型的设计中，特别是从2014年开始引入的新题型--语法填空，体现了在语境中考查语言基础知识的特点。
2、 保持素材语言的真实性
学习语言和进行语言测试时，命题者选取一些情景真实、语言地道的语言材料，这样才能够真正体会到该语言承载的文化。本着这一原则，命题者会尽力保持所选材料的“原汁原味”，同时结合考生群体的实际水平，按照考生水平进行合理的简化或改写。外刊（含互联网杂志报纸等各类媒体形式）仍是主流的命题素材来源。
3、试卷内容贴近时代，贴近生活，素材契合考生认知水平
从历年的高考英语试卷可以看出，从试卷中的听力、完形填空、阅读和书面表达等，各部分的选材尽量体现以上原则。如果考生知识面较广，对这些内容的背景知识有一定程度的了解，会在阅读中占领先机。
4、素材体现对核心素养的蕴涵式考查和引导，传递新课标改革理念
部分素材的选取特别注重对目的语国家社会生活和文化知识的介绍和传递，体现文化内涵。部分素材可能体现情感和正面价值观等思想，体现英语教学的教育性。
三、部分重点题型预测
1.阅读理解
C
Susan MacLeod used to demand attention at work a little too often. “I would say, ‘Here's my idea and I think it's the best idea, and I got very annoyed when people didn't agree with me’,” she says.
Many of us, like MacLeod, can be occasionally self-centred. It doesn't mean you have narcissistic (自恋的) personality disorder, a mental health condition defined partly by a deep need for attention and admiration. Nor does it mean you're a bad person: a healthy shot of narcissism allows us to speak up and confidently claim our rightful place in the world. Left unchecked, however, it can brush over the needs of others and hurt our relationships.
Rod Wilson is a former clinical psychologist and the author of Thank You, I'm Sorry, Tell Me More. “The core of narcissistic tendencies is usually about some kind of wound in your personal history where you felt completely inadequate or abandoned and not valued,” he says in the book. As an adult, that person may start to compensate, masking their true self-image. In MacLeod’s case, she knew her parents loved her and did their best when she was little, but her artistic bent wasn’t encouraged. Her parents didn’t think she could draw. So MacLeod was overcompensating for an insecure childhood.
Luckily, self-centred behaviors, like over-talking, can be switched on their heads with effort. It's not easy, but once we identify a narcissistic thread in our behaviour, trying to do the opposite can help. For instance, instead of entering a room and immediately launching into a story of your day, try asking your friend or partner a specific question about theirs. Continue with questions and interest. Meanwhile, it also helps to ask yourself questions like, “What are others experiencing ” rather than “How can others give me what I deserve ”
Once people can name their narcissist tendencies, they are well on their way to dealing with them in a healthy way. “Start practising things that will change you,” says Wilson. “We can all do this.”
28.What can be inferred about occasionally self-centred from paragraph 2
A. It can be under fire.
B. We should keep it in perspective.
C. We may have butterflies in our stomach.
D. It can make us from strength to strength.
29. What can we learn from Rod Wilson’s book
A. His true self-image.
B. MacLeod’s artistic bent.
C. Types of self-centred behaviors.
D. Reasons for narcissistic tendencies.
30. How can people change self-centered behaviors
A. By sharing a story of their day.
B. By paying more attention to others.
C. By asking others to give them what they deserve.
D. By identifying other people’s narcissistic threads.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Time to let others shine
B. Take people into your confidence
C. Consequences of feeling insecure
D. Deal with personal history in proper ways
D
People with similar body odours (气味) are more likely to “click” and become instant friends, according to several experiments. “When we first meet other people, we sometimes experience an immediate strong click that makes us feel as if we have already been good friends for years”, says Inbal Ravreby at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.
She wondered if this may have something to do with body odour, because previous research has found that we sniff (嗅) each other without awareness on meeting – for example, by lifting our hand to our nose after shaking someone’s hand. Ravreby and her colleagues took on 20 pairs of same-sex, non-romantic friends—half female and half male—who said they clicked straight away on first meeting.
An electronic nose—a device that senses the chemical components of odours — was used to sniff T-shirts that had been worn by each of the participants. The nose found that body odour was more similar between the friend pairs than between random pairs that were formed by mixing up the participants. A group of 25 independent adults who sniffed the participants’ T-shirts also reported that the friend pairs smelled more alike than random pairs did.
Next, Ravreby and her colleagues employed 17 people who had never met previously and used the electronic nose to analyse their body odours. Each individual then took turns playing a non-verbal game with other participants of the same sex. The results were consistent with the earlier experiments: the pairs that smelled more like each other were more likely to report feeling as if they clicked during this game.
The findings make sense because research shows that we tend to become friends with people who are like us, for example, in terms of age, education, religion, physical appearance, personality and values, says Ravreby. Other animals also use smell to help decide who is friend or enemy, such as dogs that sniff each other’s body when they meet in a park, she says.
32.Why did Inbal Ravreby conduct the experiments
A.To analyze previous studies.
B.To prove people’s different body odours.
C.To distinguish the chemical components of odours.
D.To find out the potential connection between instant friends.
33.What is the electronic nose used for
A.Playing games with robots.
B.Identifying strangers’ T-shirts.
C.Testing volunteers’ body odour.
D.Evaluating the volunteers’ body conditions.
34.What are the participants asked to do
A. Play a non-verbal game.
B. Describe their body smell.
C. Tell their preference for a friend.
D. Remember their physical appearance.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Dogs make friends more easily than other animals.
B. People are somewhat like animals in making friends.
C. Animals prefer to make friend through non-verbal games.
D. Personality and values play a key role in people’s making friends.
2. 阅读七选五题型
Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people wanting to add an animal companion. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for purebred (纯种的) dogs and cats. 36
Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in shelters because they're unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to re-home their pet—divorce, hospitalization, or the time and money needed to care for a dog. 37
Adult animals have benefits. Shelters have a wide range of potential pets and there are many benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat. Not starting from scratch helps avoid much of the craziness and mess associated with puppies. They will already be vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs. 38 A young animal’s behaviour may still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and behaviour should be evident, so no surprises.
39 You should only adopt a dog or cat from a trusted shelter or rescue group. Ethical establishments will have a behavioral trainer to assess the character of every dog and cat. The staff should ask you lots of questions to recommend the most suitable pet. Ongoing behaviour and training advice should be available, and you should be able to return the pet if things don't work out.
There’s something else to keep in mind. It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit your lifestyle, not a pet you feel sorry for. 40 There’s a lot of responsibility associated with managing animals appropriately.
A.Pets not only provide but call for company.
B.Animal experts discuss how to adopt a pet.
C.Most importantly what you see is what you get.
D.Choose an appropriate animal from a reliable source.
E.Consider the pet's suitability for your family and lifestyle.
F.You need to think carefully about how you will care for it.
G.Some dogs and cats become lost, are not identified and are never claimed.
3. 语法填空题型
第二节 （共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Old Town of Lijiang, lying on the Lijiang plain in southwest Yunnan province of China, is one of the last 61 (survive) ancient towns in China. The architecture of the Old Town of Lijiang is noteworthy for the 62 (combine) of elements from several cultures, and its ancient water-supply system still functions 63 (effective) today.
The Yulong Snow Mountain to the north-west 64 (serve) as the source of the rivers and springs. This town is made up 65 three parts: Dayan Old Town established in the Ming Dynasty as a commercial centre, Baisha housing cluster established earlier during the Song and Yuan dynasties, and Shuhe housing clusters located 4 km north-west of Dayan Old Town. These settlements lying in mountains and 66 (surround) by water display the mixture of local cultures, folk customs and traditions over several centuries.
It 67 (design) as a town around the beginning the Yuan Dynasty. From 1253 on, the Naxi people of Lijiang developed 68 unique social system, customs and culture of their own. In the 18th century, the Qing Dynasty rulers carried out a policy of 69 (culture) interaction, and the Naxi people adopted the customs of the Tibetan and Han peoples. Despite several earthquake, 70 because of repairment, most of the old town keeps its original structure.
4. 写作题型
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以你最难忘的老师为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物介绍；
2. 难忘的原因。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The most unforgettable teacher
There are many unforgettable people around us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________
参考答案：
【阅读理解】
C
生活中有些人总是以自我为中心，不在意别人的感受和表现。这种行为实际上存在着的自恋倾向并与个人早期经历有关。
21. C 【命题意图】考查考生根据具体信息进行逻辑事实推理的能力。
【解题思路】根据第2段最后两句可推知，偶尔以自我为中心，不意味着你是一个坏人:健康的自恋能让我们畅所欲言，自信地表达自己正确的观点。然而，如果不加以制止，它会导致我们忽略他人的需求，伤害我们的关系。我们应该正确地看待它。
22. D 【命题意图】考查考生根据具体信息进行逻辑事实推理的能力。
【解题思路】根据第3段第2句可知，Rod Wilson在书中说明了自恋倾向的原因：其核心因素通常和个人早期受到的伤害有关，这种经历让人产生了被抛弃的、欠缺安全感的心理，从而想让人对其弥补。
30.B 【命题意图】考查考生根据文章信息进行细节理解的能力。
【解题思路】根据第4段可知，对于已有自恋倾向的人来说，尝试做一些相反的事情有助于他们改变自己的行为。即多从别人的角度思考问题。
31. A 【命题意图】考查考生根据文章信息进行标题概括的能力。
【解题思路】本文介绍了自恋倾向这一心理现象以及如何改变这种自恋行为，即不要以自我为中心，而是时候让别人也出色。
D
研究发现具有相似体味的人更有可能成为情投意合的朋友。
32.D【命题意图】考查考生的推理判断能力。
【解题思路】根据第2段第1句可知，Ravreby想通过做实验，去发现那些能立即成为朋友的人之间是否有潜在的关联，如气味。
33.C 【命题意图】考查考生的细节理解能力。
【解题思路】根据第3段第1句可知，研究人员用电子鼻——一种能感知气味化学成分的设备——来闻每个参与者穿过的T恤衫。
34.A 【命题意图】考查考生的细节理解能力。
【解题思路】根据第4段第2句可知，每个人轮流和其他同性参与者玩一个非语言游戏。
35.B. 【命题意图】考查考生的推理判断能力。
【解题思路】根据最后一段可推知，人们在交朋友方面多多少少与动物交朋友有些相像。
【阅读7选5】
本文主要介绍了动物专家提出的几条关于如何从救助中心领养宠物的建议。
36. B 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】据据上文可知，确实很多人乐意花大钱购买纯种宠物，动物专家给出了如何领养宠物的建议。
37. G 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】本段说救助中心的动物也能成为好宠物，空前说到救助中心的动物并不都是因为被抛弃或行为不好，可知接下来要介绍动物到救助中心的不同原因。
38. C 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】本段主要说明收养成年动物的好处，例如避免了领养幼崽动物的时人们手忙脚乱和初期高额的花费，最重要的是，所见即所得，因为成年动物品性基本固定。
39. D 【命题意图】考查考生概括段落主旨大意的能力。
【解题分析】根本后文可知，本段的建议是要从正规的救助中心领养动物，因为他们会提供很多后期的服务和指导。
40. F 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】领养动物是一项重大责任，故作者提醒领养的人要考虑清楚。
【语法填空】
参考答案：
61. surviving 62. combination 63. effectively 64. serves 65. of 66. surrounded 67. was designed 68. a 69. cultural 70. and
【书面表达】
One possible version:
The most unforgettable teacher
There are many unforgettable people around us. But the most unforgettable teacher is my English teacher, Mr Liu.
What impressed me is his great qualities. He gave us the greatest gift a good teacher offers—an awakening of a passion for learning. He led us to the beauty of the English language. Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit. I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lectures were humorously delivered.
Although it is nearly five years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our classmates, and he will stay in my heart forever.
1
老高考版
——2023年高考英语全国卷高考命题预测
一、高考信息归集
1、试卷结构
2023年高考试卷结构在2022年高考试卷题型结构基础上保持稳定。 2023年英语科高考命题持续体现我国高考评价体系中“一体四层四翼”的高考评价基本原则。基于高考真题研究和评价并综合我处和其他高考研究专家对2023年高考英语命题趋势做出提示，以下信息仅供参考。
（1）命题形式：第三部分第二节（语法填空）命题素材仍为短文形式。
（2）考查方式：阅读理解推断题可能增加，进一步增加对考生思辨能力的考查，以体现英语学科核心素养中思维品质的考查深度。
2.高效备考策略
（1）英语知识网络化：高三英语复习后期以回归基础为主，应该对词汇与语法的学习有完整的梳理并网络化、系统化。三大从句（定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句），特殊表达（虚拟语气，倒装句，省略），非谓语动词等，考生们要能够辨析与运用，对其结构和功能系统认识并运用。
（2）题型题组训练：在高三后期复习中，限时训练是专题突破的重要形式，要重点限时限量突破，并关注试题的质量，特别是试题的原创性。力求做到重点突出，难点突破，针对性强。注意试题的难度适中、符合高考命题总体方向。题型限时训练也是保持“最佳状态”的途径，如每天做点听力练习，每周进行完形、阅读理解、书面表达等题型的限时训练。
二、高考命题预测
1、命题新情境体现传统与现代文化，在语境中考查语言知识点
命题规划重视语境设置，突出考查考生在不同语境下对词汇、句法和语篇的理解和运用能力。 试题的语境化设计可体现在各种题型的设计中，特别是从2014年开始引入的新题型--语法填空，体现了在语境中考查语言基础知识的特点。
2、 保持素材语言的真实性
学习语言和进行语言测试时，命题者选取一些情景真实、语言地道的语言材料，这样才能够真正体会到该语言承载的文化。本着这一原则，命题者会尽力保持所选材料的“原汁原味”，同时结合考生群体的实际水平，按照考生水平进行合理的简化或改写。外刊（含互联网杂志报纸等各类媒体形式）仍是主流的命题素材来源。
3、试卷内容贴近时代，贴近生活，素材契合考生认知水平
从历年的高考英语试卷可以看出，从试卷中的听力、完形填空、阅读和书面表达等，各部分的选材尽量体现以上原则。如果考生知识面较广，对这些内容的背景知识有一定程度的了解，会在阅读中占领先机。
4、素材体现对核心素养的蕴涵式考查和引导，传递新课标改革理念
部分素材的选取特别注重对目的语国家社会生活和文化知识的介绍和传递，体现文化内涵。部分素材可能体现情感和正面价值观等思想，体现英语教学的教育性。
三、部分重点题型预测
1.阅读理解
C
Susan MacLeod used to demand attention at work a little too often. “I would say, ‘Here's my idea and I think it's the best idea, and I got very annoyed when people didn't agree with me’,” she says.
Many of us, like MacLeod, can be occasionally self-centred. It doesn't mean you have narcissistic (自恋的) personality disorder, a mental health condition defined partly by a deep need for attention and admiration. Nor does it mean you're a bad person: a healthy shot of narcissism allows us to speak up and confidently claim our rightful place in the world. Left unchecked, however, it can brush over the needs of others and hurt our relationships.
Rod Wilson is a former clinical psychologist and the author of Thank You, I'm Sorry, Tell Me More. “The core of narcissistic tendencies is usually about some kind of wound in your personal history where you felt completely inadequate or abandoned and not valued,” he says in the book. As an adult, that person may start to compensate, masking their true self-image. In MacLeod’s case, she knew her parents loved her and did their best when she was little, but her artistic bent wasn’t encouraged. Her parents didn’t think she could draw. So MacLeod was overcompensating for an insecure childhood.
Luckily, self-centred behaviors, like over-talking, can be switched on their heads with effort. It's not easy, but once we identify a narcissistic thread in our behaviour, trying to do the opposite can help. For instance, instead of entering a room and immediately launching into a story of your day, try asking your friend or partner a specific question about theirs. Continue with questions and interest. Meanwhile, it also helps to ask yourself questions like, “What are others experiencing ” rather than “How can others give me what I deserve ”
Once people can name their narcissist tendencies, they are well on their way to dealing with them in a healthy way. “Start practising things that will change you,” says Wilson. “We can all do this.”
28.What can be inferred about occasionally self-centred from paragraph 2
A. It can be under fire.
B. We should keep it in perspective.
C. We may have butterflies in our stomach.
D. It can make us from strength to strength.
29. What can we learn from Rod Wilson’s book
A. His true self-image.
B. MacLeod’s artistic bent.
C. Types of self-centred behaviors.
D. Reasons for narcissistic tendencies.
30. How can people change self-centered behaviors
A. By sharing a story of their day.
B. By paying more attention to others.
C. By asking others to give them what they deserve.
D. By identifying other people’s narcissistic threads.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Time to let others shine
B. Take people into your confidence
C. Consequences of feeling insecure
D. Deal with personal history in proper ways
D
People with similar body odours (气味) are more likely to “click” and become instant friends, according to several experiments. “When we first meet other people, we sometimes experience an immediate strong click that makes us feel as if we have already been good friends for years”, says Inbal Ravreby at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.
She wondered if this may have something to do with body odour, because previous research has found that we sniff (嗅) each other without awareness on meeting – for example, by lifting our hand to our nose after shaking someone’s hand. Ravreby and her colleagues took on 20 pairs of same-sex, non-romantic friends—half female and half male—who said they clicked straight away on first meeting.
An electronic nose—a device that senses the chemical components of odours — was used to sniff T-shirts that had been worn by each of the participants. The nose found that body odour was more similar between the friend pairs than between random pairs that were formed by mixing up the participants. A group of 25 independent adults who sniffed the participants’ T-shirts also reported that the friend pairs smelled more alike than random pairs did.
Next, Ravreby and her colleagues employed 17 people who had never met previously and used the electronic nose to analyse their body odours. Each individual then took turns playing a non-verbal game with other participants of the same sex. The results were consistent with the earlier experiments: the pairs that smelled more like each other were more likely to report feeling as if they clicked during this game.
The findings make sense because research shows that we tend to become friends with people who are like us, for example, in terms of age, education, religion, physical appearance, personality and values, says Ravreby. Other animals also use smell to help decide who is friend or enemy, such as dogs that sniff each other’s body when they meet in a park, she says.
32.Why did Inbal Ravreby conduct the experiments
A.To analyze previous studies.
B.To prove people’s different body odours.
C.To distinguish the chemical components of odours.
D.To find out the potential connection between instant friends.
33.What is the electronic nose used for
A.Playing games with robots.
B.Identifying strangers’ T-shirts.
C.Testing volunteers’ body odour.
D.Evaluating the volunteers’ body conditions.
34.What are the participants asked to do
A. Play a non-verbal game.
B. Describe their body smell.
C. Tell their preference for a friend.
D. Remember their physical appearance.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Dogs make friends more easily than other animals.
B. People are somewhat like animals in making friends.
C. Animals prefer to make friend through non-verbal games.
D. Personality and values play a key role in people’s making friends.
2. 阅读七选五题型
Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people wanting to add an animal companion. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for purebred (纯种的) dogs and cats. 36
Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in shelters because they're unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to re-home their pet—divorce, hospitalization, or the time and money needed to care for a dog. 37
Adult animals have benefits. Shelters have a wide range of potential pets and there are many benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat. Not starting from scratch helps avoid much of the craziness and mess associated with puppies. They will already be vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs. 38 A young animal’s behaviour may still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and behaviour should be evident, so no surprises.
39 You should only adopt a dog or cat from a trusted shelter or rescue group. Ethical establishments will have a behavioral trainer to assess the character of every dog and cat. The staff should ask you lots of questions to recommend the most suitable pet. Ongoing behaviour and training advice should be available, and you should be able to return the pet if things don't work out.
There’s something else to keep in mind. It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit your lifestyle, not a pet you feel sorry for. 40 There’s a lot of responsibility associated with managing animals appropriately.
A.Pets not only provide but call for company.
B.Animal experts discuss how to adopt a pet.
C.Most importantly what you see is what you get.
D.Choose an appropriate animal from a reliable source.
E.Consider the pet's suitability for your family and lifestyle.
F.You need to think carefully about how you will care for it.
G.Some dogs and cats become lost, are not identified and are never claimed.
3. 语法填空题型
第二节 （共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Old Town of Lijiang, lying on the Lijiang plain in southwest Yunnan province of China, is one of the last 61 (survive) ancient towns in China. The architecture of the Old Town of Lijiang is noteworthy for the 62 (combine) of elements from several cultures, and its ancient water-supply system still functions 63 (effective) today.
The Yulong Snow Mountain to the north-west 64 (serve) as the source of the rivers and springs. This town is made up 65 three parts: Dayan Old Town established in the Ming Dynasty as a commercial centre, Baisha housing cluster established earlier during the Song and Yuan dynasties, and Shuhe housing clusters located 4 km north-west of Dayan Old Town. These settlements lying in mountains and 66 (surround) by water display the mixture of local cultures, folk customs and traditions over several centuries.
It 67 (design) as a town around the beginning the Yuan Dynasty. From 1253 on, the Naxi people of Lijiang developed 68 unique social system, customs and culture of their own. In the 18th century, the Qing Dynasty rulers carried out a policy of 69 (culture) interaction, and the Naxi people adopted the customs of the Tibetan and Han peoples. Despite several earthquake, 70 because of repairment, most of the old town keeps its original structure.
4. 写作题型
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以你最难忘的老师为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物介绍；
2. 难忘的原因。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The most unforgettable teacher
There are many unforgettable people around us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
【阅读理解】
C
生活中有些人总是以自我为中心，不在意别人的感受和表现。这种行为实际上存在着的自恋倾向并与个人早期经历有关。
21. C 【命题意图】考查考生根据具体信息进行逻辑事实推理的能力。
【解题思路】根据第2段最后两句可推知，偶尔以自我为中心，不意味着你是一个坏人:健康的自恋能让我们畅所欲言，自信地表达自己正确的观点。然而，如果不加以制止，它会导致我们忽略他人的需求，伤害我们的关系。我们应该正确地看待它。
22. D 【命题意图】考查考生根据具体信息进行逻辑事实推理的能力。
【解题思路】根据第3段第2句可知，Rod Wilson在书中说明了自恋倾向的原因：其核心因素通常和个人早期受到的伤害有关，这种经历让人产生了被抛弃的、欠缺安全感的心理，从而想让人对其弥补。
30.B 【命题意图】考查考生根据文章信息进行细节理解的能力。
【解题思路】根据第4段可知，对于已有自恋倾向的人来说，尝试做一些相反的事情有助于他们改变自己的行为。即多从别人的角度思考问题。
31. A 【命题意图】考查考生根据文章信息进行标题概括的能力。
【解题思路】本文介绍了自恋倾向这一心理现象以及如何改变这种自恋行为，即不要以自我为中心，而是时候让别人也出色。
D
研究发现具有相似体味的人更有可能成为情投意合的朋友。
32.D【命题意图】考查考生的推理判断能力。
【解题思路】根据第2段第1句可知，Ravreby想通过做实验，去发现那些能立即成为朋友的人之间是否有潜在的关联，如气味。
33.C 【命题意图】考查考生的细节理解能力。
【解题思路】根据第3段第1句可知，研究人员用电子鼻——一种能感知气味化学成分的设备——来闻每个参与者穿过的T恤衫。
34.A 【命题意图】考查考生的细节理解能力。
【解题思路】根据第4段第2句可知，每个人轮流和其他同性参与者玩一个非语言游戏。
35.B. 【命题意图】考查考生的推理判断能力。
【解题思路】根据最后一段可推知，人们在交朋友方面多多少少与动物交朋友有些相像。
【阅读7选5】
本文主要介绍了动物专家提出的几条关于如何从救助中心领养宠物的建议。
36. B 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】据据上文可知，确实很多人乐意花大钱购买纯种宠物，动物专家给出了如何领养宠物的建议。
37. G 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】本段说救助中心的动物也能成为好宠物，空前说到救助中心的动物并不都是因为被抛弃或行为不好，可知接下来要介绍动物到救助中心的不同原因。
38. C 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】本段主要说明收养成年动物的好处，例如避免了领养幼崽动物的时人们手忙脚乱和初期高额的花费，最重要的是，所见即所得，因为成年动物品性基本固定。
39. D 【命题意图】考查考生概括段落主旨大意的能力。
【解题分析】根本后文可知，本段的建议是要从正规的救助中心领养动物，因为他们会提供很多后期的服务和指导。
40. F 【命题意图】考查考生理解上下文逻辑关系、还原信息的能力。
【解题分析】领养动物是一项重大责任，故作者提醒领养的人要考虑清楚。
【语法填空】
参考答案：
61. surviving 62. combination 63. effectively 64. serves 65. of 66. surrounded 67. was designed 68. a 69. cultural 70. and
【书面表达】
One possible version:
The most unforgettable teacher
There are many unforgettable people around us. But the most unforgettable teacher is my English teacher, Mr Liu.
What impressed me is his great qualities. He gave us the greatest gift a good teacher offers—an awakening of a passion for learning. He led us to the beauty of the English language. Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit. I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lectures were humorously delivered.
Although it is nearly five years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our classmates, and he will stay in my heart forever.
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