人教版（2019） 必修第二册 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection课件(共121张PPT)

(共121张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
01
Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The government leads a campaign against _______ （legal） trade of wild animals.
illegal
解析 句意为：政府领导了打击野生动物非法交易的活动。设空处修饰名词trade，再根据句意可知，此处指“非法的”，所以应用形容词illegal。
2.With environmental issues arising frequently, many people work to raise public __________ （aware） of environmental protection.
awareness
解析 句意为：随着环境问题层出不穷，许多人努力提高公众的环境保护意识。设空处作raise的宾语，其前有形容词public修饰，应用名词形式。故填awareness。
3.When she saw wedding paper-cutting works posted on the windows of her neighbour's house, she was ____________ （immediate） impressed by the traditional craft （工艺）.
immediately
解析 句意为：当她看到贴在邻居家窗户上的婚礼剪纸作品时，她立即对这门传统工艺产生了兴趣。设空处修饰was impressed by the traditional craft，作状语，应用副词。故填immediately。
4.Experts point out that there exists a good way to solve the _______________ （exist） problem.
existing/existent
解析 句意为：专家们指出存在一种很好的方法来解决现存的问题。修饰名词应用形容词，existing/existent意为“现存的”。故填existing/existent。
5.The good relation between humans and nature contributes to building a ___________ （harmony） society.
harmonious
解析 句意为：人与自然的良好关系有助于构建和谐社会。设空处修饰名词society，应用形容词。故填harmonious。
6.____ average, there are about 1,000 tornadoes in the area each year, causing over 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
On
解析 句意为：平均来看，该地区每年约有1,000次龙卷风，造成80多人死亡，1,500人受伤。on average为固定搭配，意为“平均来看”，故填On。
7.Do take measures to protect these old traditions and customs before they die ____.
out
解析 句意为：务必在古老的传统和习俗消失之前采取措施进行保护。die out为固定搭配，意为“消失；灭绝”。故填out。
8.A truck driver said he would be______ pressure all day, dealing with traffic and long journeys.
under
解析 句意为：一名卡车司机说，他整天都要承受压力，应付交通和长途行程。under pressure 意为“承受压力”。故填under。
9.Simon put up a picture of Michael Jordon to remind himself ___ his own dreams.
of
解析 句意为：西蒙贴了一张迈克尔·乔丹的照片，以使自己时时记得自己的梦想。remind sb of sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某事”。故填of。
10.China will launch several projects _________ （intend） for climate change.
intended
解析 句意为：中国将开展多个应对气候变化的项目。分析句子结构可知，intend 在此应用非谓语动词作定语，其与所修饰词之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。be intended for sb/sth意为“是为某人/某事而提供/设计的”。故填intended。
根据提示补全句子。
1.人们采取了许多有效的措施来保护这一物种。（measure）
Many _________ _________ _____ _____ ______ to protect the species.
effective
measures
have
been
taken
2.在我看来，人们应该明智地使用他们的手机来帮助他们的工作和学习。（concern）
____ ____ ___ ____ __________, people should wisely make use of their mobile phones to help with their work and study.
As
far
as
I'm
concerned
3.为了让人们意识到保护环境的重要性,上周六我们开展了一项环境保护活动。 （aware of）
To make people ______ ___ ____ _____________________ ___ protecting the environment, last Saturday we carried out an environmental protection activity.
aware
of
the
importance/significance
of
4.使他难以适应国外新环境的是文化，而不是语言。（adapt）
It was the culture, rather than the language, _____ ______ ___ ____________ ____ _____ ___ ______ ___ the new environment abroad.
that
made
it
hard/difficult
for
him
to
adapt
to
5.直到老师和我交谈之后，我才意识到拥有强大的动力是实现目标最重要的因素之一。（only置于句首）
______ _____ ____ _______ _______ _______ ____ ____ __ _______ that having strong motivation is one of the most important factors in reaching goals.
Only
after
the
teacher
talked
to/with
me
did
I
realise
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. During the 1980s and 1990s, the population of Tibetan antelopes 1. . （reduce） by more than half due to human hunting.2. . （save） this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. The establishment of the Changtang National Nature Reserve 3. . （effective） increased the antelope population. While Tibetan antelopes were removed 4. . the endangered species list in 2015, the government would continue the protection programmes. After all, there still exist the5. . （threat） to the Tibetan antelope.
was reduced
To save
effectively
from
threats
I went to the Changtang National Nature Reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes with my guide, Zhaxi, 6. . works at the reserve. Watching the graceful animals move slowly across the grass, I was struck by their beauty. Reminded of 7. . danger they are in, I realised that much should be done to protect them. As Zhaxi said, “Not only are we trying to save the animals, but also we're trying to save 8. . （we）.”
In the evening we went back to camp, where I 9. . （reflect） on what I had seen and heard. Only if we change our way of life can we really save the planet. I believe we are no longer a threat to wildlife by 10. . （live） in harmony with nature.
who
the
ourselves
reflected
living
1.____________
was reduced
解析 设空处在此处是谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，且主语是the population,故填was reduced。
2.________
To save
解析 save在此处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填To save。
3.__________
effectively
解析 此处修饰动词，应用副词。故填effectively。
4.______
from
解析 remove… from… 为固定搭配，意为“从……去掉/去除/拿走……”。故填from。
5._______
threats
解析 设空处前的谓语exist使用的是复数形式，所以此处是指多种威胁。故填threats。
6._____
who
解析 此处 _____ works at the reserve是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my guide，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词。故填who。
7.____
the
解析 此处是特指“它们身处的危险”，所以应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
8._________
ourselves
解析 当宾语与主语指同一对象时，宾语应用反身代词。故填ourselves。
9._________
reflected
解析 此处描述的是过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时。故填reflected。
10.______
living
解析 by doing sth意为“通过做某事（的方法）”。故填living。
[湖北荆州中学2023高一期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite many laws and 1. . （nation） parks protecting tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still being hunted. Tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers 2. . （leave） in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of extinction in the wild. There are many reasons for this, like habitat loss and hunting.
national
left
Actually, over the last few years, a number of steps 3. . （take） to help preserve the tiger. The Wildlife Conservation Society （WCS） was set up to protect wildlife and their habitats in 4. . late 1800s. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting a great 5. .（various） of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2006, WCS started Tigers Forever, 6. . aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years.7. . （achieve） their goals, they are working together with not only governments 8. . other organisations to protect tigers and other wild species 9. . dying out.
Right now the tiger population is increasing steadily under this programme in India and in the Russian Far East. Due to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a 10. .（good） chance of survival in their natural environments than ever, not just in zoos.
have been taken
the
variety
whose
To achieve
but
from
better
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。尽管有法律和国家公园的保护，老虎依旧是当今世界上最濒危的物种之一，文章介绍了国际野生生物保护学会（WCS）在保护老虎方面的措施以及成效。
1.________
national
解析 句意为：尽管有许多法律和国家公园保护老虎，但它们的栖息地仍在被破坏，它们仍在被猎杀。设空处修饰名词parks，应用形容词作定语。故填national。
2.____
left
解析 句意为：野生老虎的总数不超过5,000只。本句为there be句式，句中已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语动词；根据语境可知，leave与其逻辑主语no more than 5,000 tigers之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处为过去分词作后置定语。故填left。
3.________________
have been taken
解析 句意为：事实上，在过去的几年里，人们采取了许多措施来保护老虎。根据时间状语over the last few years可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时；主语a number of steps为复数，谓语也应用复数形式；steps与动词take之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been taken。
4.____
the
解析 句意为：国际野生生物保护学会成立于19世纪末，旨在保护野生动物及其栖息地。表示在某一年代时，用固定结构“in+the+年份的复数”，in the late 1800s表示“在19世纪末”。故填the。
5._______
variety
解析 句意为：如今，国际野生生物保护学会在全球53个国家开展工作，保护从蝴蝶到老虎等各种物种。a variety of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，故填variety。
6._______
whose
解析 句意为：2006年，国际野生生物保护学会创立了“永远的老虎”项目，其目标是在未来10年内将世界上老虎的数量增加50%。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tigers Forever，且关系词在从句中作aim的定语，表示“……的目标”，故应用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
7.___________
To achieve
解析 句意为：为了实现他们的目标，他们不仅与政府合作，还与其他组织合作，以保护老虎和其他野生物种免于灭绝。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填To achieve。
8.____
but
解析 句意见上一题解析。not only… but （also）… 为固定结构，意为“不但……而且……”，其中also可以省略，故填but。
9.______
from
解析 protect… from… 为固定搭配，意为“保护……不受……”。故填from。
10.______
better
解析 句意为：由于国际野生生物保护学会的辛勤工作，这些大型猫科动物在自然环境中比以往有了更好的生存机会，而不仅仅是在动物园里。根据than可知，此处表示比较含义，应用形容词的比较级。故填better。
01
Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[湖南岳阳2023高一期末] A
Because of the “Yunnan Elephant”, many people have developed a strong interest in elephants, and it has also aroused a heated discussion about how man and nature should share the earth and live in harmony. In this issue of “Weekend Cinema”, Yingda has brought four documentaries related to this.
The Secret Life of Elephants
The Secret Life of Elephants is a BBC nature documentary series following the lives of elephants and the work of the conservation charity Save the Elephants in Samburu National Reserve, Kenya. It was first released in the United Kingdom on BBC One in January 2009 to 4.2 million viewers. The team follow the dramatic and emotional stories of 500 plus individually known elephants.
Penguin Town
The series is filmed in Simon's Town, South Africa, where these adorable African penguins wander close up to people, strolling down the sidewalk, and passing sunbathers on the beach. The series follows various penguin couples. With great humour, their love stories are told, and you follow the adventures of these penguin couples starting families and having chicks.
Seven Worlds, One Planet
Millions of years ago incredible forces tore apart the Earth's crust （地壳） creating seven extraordinary continents, each with its own distinct climate, its own distinct terrain （地形） and its own unique animal life.Seven Worlds, One Planet explores the natural wonders that give each of our continents its distinct character. Following the animals that have made these environments their home, it discovers amazing wildlife stories that uncover what makes each of these seven worlds unique.
Bears on Top of the World
This moving film reveals the differing fortunes of a mother polar bear, a mother grizzly bear （灰熊） and their newborn babies, in a rapidly changing world. This is a remarkable story of how bears, ever intelligent, are adapting to a warming world.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四部有关人与自然如何共享地球以及和谐共处的纪录片。
1.If you are interested in documentaries with funny languages, which film do you prefer ( )
B
A.The Secret Life of Elephants. B.Penguin Town.
C.Seven Worlds, One Planet. D.Bears on Top of the World.
解析 细节理解题。根据Penguin Town部分中的With great humour, their love stories are told, and you follow the adventures of these penguin couples starting families and having chicks.可知，这部纪录片用幽默的语言讲述了企鹅夫妇的故事。因此，如果你对语言有趣的纪录片感兴趣，你会更喜欢《企鹅小镇》这部纪录片。故选B项。
2.What do these four documentaries have in common ( )
B
A.They are all filmed in Africa.
B.They share the stories of wildlife.
C.They explore the natural wonders with distinct character.
D.They focus on animals adapting to the changing world.
解析 细节理解题。根据The Secret Life of Elephants部分中的The team follow the dramatic and emotional stories of 500 plus individually known elephants.,Penguin Town部分中的The series follows various penguin couples… the adventures of these penguin couples starting families and having chicks., Seven Worlds, One Planet部分中的it discovers amazing wildlife stories that uncover what makes each of these seven worlds unique和Bears on Top of the World部分中的This moving film reveals the differing fortunes of a mother polar bear, a mother grizzly bear and their newborn babies, in a rapidly changing world.可知，这四部纪录片的共同之处是它们都讲述了野生动物的故事。故选B项。
3.Which section on the website can you find this passage ( )
C
A.Sports and Health. B.Finance and Economics.
C.Entertainment and Culture. D.Science and Technology.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容并结合下文对四部纪录片的介绍可推知，这篇文章最有可能在网站的“娱乐和文化”部分找到。故选C项。
长难句分析
句意: 跟随在这些环境中安家的动物们, 它发现了惊人的野生动物故事,这些故事揭示了这七个世界的独特之处。
[河北省级联测2023高一期中] B
As seabird biologist Bonnie Slaton slides off a small boat and walks through waist-high water, the brown pelicans （鹈鹕） spread their wings overhead until she reaches Raccoon Island. The narrow island is a small piece of land separating the American state of Louisiana from the Gulf of Mexico. During the seabird breeding （繁殖） season, the place, one of the few remaining places of safety for the pelicans, is full of noise.
Twelve years ago, there were 15 low-lying islands with breeding areas for Louisiana's state bird. However, today, only about six islands in southeastern Louisiana have brown pelican nests and the rest have disappeared underwater. Slaton and other scientists set up cameras to observe pelican nests on the island. The cameras show that in recent years the pelicans have faced some natural disasters. The main killer of them is flooding, which can wash away all the nests, as happened in April 2021.
The disappearing islands are the location of a story of successful conservation. For many years, scientists have worked to bring the pelicans back from totally dying off.Mike Carloss is a state wildlife biologist in Louisiana. He said he never saw brown pelicans as a child in the 1960s. Their populations had been killed by the use of DDT, a kind of farm chemical. It thinned eggshells and prevented pelicans from giving birth to young birds. The beloved birds were completely gone from Louisiana, only appearing on the state flag. But a long-running effort to save them led to the birds' return. After DDT was stopped in the US in 1972, biologists brought young pelicans from nearby Florida to let them inhabit empty islands across the Gulf of Mexico again. More than 1,200 pelicans have been set free in southeastern Louisiana over 13 years.
The brown pelicans can live more than 20 years. So, the final effect of disappearing breeding areas is uncertain and it will still take time to become clear. And the future for pelicans is uncertain on the islands.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们多年来一直在努力让鹈鹕免于灭绝。
1.What is a killer of brown pelicans ( )
D
A.The island movement. B.The underwater noise.
C.The increase of human population. D.The disappearance of breeding areas.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The main killer of them is flooding, which can wash away all the nests可知，褐鹈鹕面临的主要威胁是洪水等自然灾害，洪水会冲走它们的巢穴，淹没近海平面的岛屿，因为栖息地的消失，褐鹈鹕的生存面临威胁。故选D项。
2.Why did the scientists set up cameras ( )
B
A.To stop illegal hunting. B.To watch pelicans' home.
C.To predict serious flooding. D.To record the number of pelicans.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Slaton and other scientists set up cameras to observe pelican nests on the island.可知，他们的目的是观察岛上的鹈鹕巢穴。故选B项。
3.What does the underlined word “inhabit” in Paragraph 3 mean ( )
A
A.Live on. B.Focus on. C.Break into. D.Look into.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，生物学家们经过不懈努力将幼鸟带回了岛上。根据本段中的the birds' return, brought, empty islands并结合上下文内容可推测，此处指生物学家将幼鸟带回岛上后，让这些幼鸟在岛上栖居。故选A项。
4.How does the author feel about the pelicans' future ( )
B
A.Unconcerned. B.Doubtful. C.Curious. D.Proud.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的So, the final effect of disappearing breeding areas is uncertain and it will still take time to become clear.And the future for pelicans is uncertain on the islands.可知，栖息地的消失带来的最终影响是不确定的，还需要长期的观察，而这些被重新带回岛上的褐鹈鹕在未来的状况也是未知的，由此可推知，作者认为情况是不确定的，故作者对鹈鹕的未来持怀疑态度。故选B项。
词汇加油站核心词汇
1.separate vt.& vi.（使）分开；（使）分离
2.remaining adj.剩余的；留下的；其余的
3.die off相继死去，先后死去
4.give birth to 生下；产生；引起
[福建三明2023高一期末] Clownfish like to live in coral reefs, but they don't spend their whole lives there. In the first few months after they are born, they “wander” in the open sea. When the baby clownfish grow big enough to swim, they hurry home. They can't see the reef, however.1. .
But humans—and their ships, speedboats, energy exploration platforms and even surfing—have made the ocean an unbearably noisy place.2. . In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.
3. . There are still many other sea animals depending on their ability to hear for their survival.They use sounds to sense their environment and to communicate. Dolphins call one another by unique names. Toadfish hum. Whales sing.
E
D
A
Many sea animals swim away from the noises.4. . But slow-moving animals like sea cucumbers （海参） are left helpless. In some places, human-made noises are everywhere. Animals have to permanently move away from these noises to quieter places. They are then forced to compete against others for the same pools of resources. Over time, their populations start to become smaller.
Luckily, the noise is a controllable pollutant.“We know exactly what causes the noise, we know where it is and we know how to stop it,” said Steve Simpson, a biologist in England.5. . Wind-powered boats have been developed. Shipping routes can also be moved away from certain areas. Researchers are calling for stricter rules.“We have noise standards for cars and trucks,” said Carlos Duarte, another biologist.“Why should we not have them for ships ”
F.
B
A.Clownfish are not the only ones to suffer.
B.Many solutions to this problem already exist.
C.Some animals could swim fast to catch food.
D.These noises are often louder than the natural ones.
E.Instead, they depend on the small noises that a reef lets out.
F.Whales, for example, can learn to avoid busy shipping routes.
G.Actually, the ocean has always been home to many clownfish.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人类活动产生了大量的噪声，导致海洋生物陷入危险，研究人员呼吁人们应防治海洋噪声污染。
1.___
E
解析 前文提到小丑鱼幼鱼看不到珊瑚礁的位置，下文指出人类的船只和能源勘探平台等让海洋变得十分嘈杂，使得小丑鱼幼鱼无法找到回家的路。由此可推测，设空处应说明它们是如何找到珊瑚礁的，结合空前的however和语境可知，此处表示小丑鱼幼鱼不是凭借视力辨别方位，而是根据声音。E项（相反，它们依赖于珊瑚礁发出的微小声音）符合语境。故选E项。
2.___
D
解析 设空处上文指出，人类活动产生的噪声让海洋变成了嘈杂之地，下文提到小丑鱼幼鱼听不到珊瑚礁发出的微小声音，因而找不到回家的路。D项（这些声音通常比自然声音更大）承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
3.___
A
解析 下文讲到还有许多其他海洋动物依靠它们的听觉生存，这些动物用声音来感知环境并进行交流，由此可知，本段主要论述了还有其他海洋生物遭受噪声的影响，所以A项（小丑鱼并不是唯一的受害者）符合语境，承接上文提到的小丑鱼的案例。故选A项。
4.___
F.
解析 根据本段首句可知，本段主要论述许多海洋生物会远离海洋噪声，空后则是以海参为例，论述了移动缓慢的生物无法避开噪声。结合空后的But可知，设空处应该是列举了与海参情况相反的动物的例子。结合选项可知，F项（例如，鲸鱼可以学会避开繁忙的航线）符合语境，与下文形成转折关系，But是关键词。故选F项。
5.___
B
解析 前文提到噪声是一种可控的污染物，人类能够找到噪声的源头并且知道消除噪声污染的方法；后文提到人们已经开发出了风力船，并且一些航线也可以进行转移。由此可知，本段是在讲防治噪声污染的方法，且这些方法已经存在，所以B项（这个问题的许多解决方案已经存在）符合语境。故选B项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.depend on sb/sth 依靠/依赖某人/某物
2.survival n.［U］生存；存活；幸存 ［C］幸存事物
进阶词汇
1.permanently adv.永久地
2.pollutant n.［C］污染物；污染物质
3.wind-powered adj.风力驱动的
-powered adj.(通常构成复合词)由……驱动的
02
Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.While some actions may seem strange to you, remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as________ （usual） for others.
unusual
解析 句意为：虽然有些行为对你来说可能很奇怪，但请记住，你认为正常的东西对别人来说可能也不寻常。根据语境可知，此处应表示“不寻常的”。故填unusual。
2.Compared with his younger sister, Jerry is even more sensitive to __________ （emotion） changes.
emotional
解析 句意为：和妹妹相比，杰里对情绪变化更加敏感。设空处修饰名词changes，应用形容词作定语。故填emotional。
3.Elephants are ___________ （endanger） in Thailand, but special parks have been set up to protect them.
endangered
解析 句意为：泰国的大象正濒临灭绝，但是已经建立了专门的公园来保护它们。系动词之后应当使用形容词作表语。故填endangered。
4.It does good to the _________ （recover） of patients if they live where weather and food agree with them.
recovery
解析 句意为：如果患者生活在天气和食物适宜的地方，这对患者的康复有好处。to为介词，设空处作介词to的宾语，且空前有定冠词the修饰，应用名词。故填recovery。
5.However, there are always people trying to gain an advantage by stirring ____ trouble in the region.
up
解析 句意为：然而，总有一些人想通过在该地区挑起事端来捞取好处。stir up 为固定搭配，意为“惹起，挑起”。故填up。
6.Due ___ large investment in housing, many cities can keep pace with the flow of new arrivals, improving the quality of their life.
to
解析 句意为：由于在住房方面的大量投资，许多城市能够跟上新移民的步伐，改善他们的生活质量。due to为固定搭配，意为“由于”。故填to。
7.If children use soap to wash their hands after going to the toilet, we can reduce____ 50% of children that die every year before the age of five.
by
解析 句意为：如果孩子们上完厕所后用肥皂洗手，每年五岁以下死亡的儿童人数可以减少50%。reduce by 意为“减少了”。故填by。
8.These services need to be registered so that they can be searched ____ and found.
for
解析 句意为：这些服务系统需要进行登记，以便人们对其进行搜索和查找。search for 为固定搭配，意为“查找；搜索”。故填for。
9.Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to ________ （harm） the planet.
harming
解析 句意为：当涉及对地球的危害时，交通运输系统有很大的责任。when it comes to… 为固定句型，意为“当涉及……”，其中的to是介词，所以后面应用动名词。故填harming。
10.Many subway stations in the city ______________ （build） at present for better transport.
are being built
解析 句意为：城市里许多地铁站目前正在建设中，以使交通系统更为便捷。句中时间状语是at present，意为“现在”，介绍正在进行中的事情，主语Many subway stations与build之间是被动关系，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being built。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这位发明家说，她担心海洋中塑料的数量会越来越多。（concern）
The inventor said she _____ __________ _________ the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters.
was
concerned
about/for
2.近年来，这个大型冰川受到气候变化的影响，正以一种惊人的速度消融。（rate）
In recent years, this massive glacier has been melting ___ ____ _________ _____ due to climate change.
at
an
alarming
rate
3.为了吸引更多顾客关注其商品，这个公司正在不同的社交媒体平台上登广告。（order）
___ ______ ___ _______ ______ __________ _________ ___ its goods, the company is advertising on different social media platforms.
In
order
to
attract
more
customers'
attention
to
4.由于在太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住才不会四处飘浮。（so）
__________________ ________ the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves ___ _____ we won't float around.
Because/Due/Owing
of/to/to
so
that
5.正是因为这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。（强调句）
___ ___ ____ _____ _______ _____ Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
It
is
for
this
reason
that
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Rainforests _____________ （cut） down and burnt at such a speed that they will disappear one day.
are being cut
解析 句意为：热带雨林被砍伐和烧毁的速度如此之快，以至于总有一天它们会消失。从will disappear可推断出，雨林应该是正在被砍伐,所以应用现在进行时；主语Rainforests与cut之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being cut。
2.The sports meeting _____________ （hold） in our school now.
is being held
解析 句意为：现在我们学校正在举办运动会。时间状语为now，故此处表示正在进行中的事情；主语The sports meeting与hold之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being held。
3.The problem which _________________ （discuss） in the meeting room now is very important to the development of the company.
is being discussed
解析 句意为：会议室现在正在商讨的问题对这个公司的发展尤为重要。此处为which引导的定语从句，设空处为从句的谓语；从句时间状语为now，关系代词which指代The problem，在从句中作主语，且其与discuss之间是被动关系，故设空处用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being discussed。
4.At present, our surroundings _________________ （pollute） faster than ever and it seems that people cannot prevent it.
are being polluted
解析 句意为：目前，我们的环境被污染的速度比以往任何时候都快，而人们似乎无法阻止其发生。时间状语At present意为“现在”，分句主语our surroundings与pollute之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填are being polluted。
5.I ①________ （buy） my washing machine 3 years ago. At that time, it was a large sum of money to me but it was worth it. By now, the washing machine ②________ （be） with me for a long time. It had never gone wrong until recently. I was about to put my dirty clothes into it when I found that it was making so much noise. I stopped it and called the store for after-sale service. Soon, it ③________________ （deliver） back to the manufacturer （制造商）.It ④________________ （repair） this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. I ⑤________ （miss） my washing machine very much and I hope it ⑥________ （be） back soon. Once it ⑦________ （be） back, I won't have to do the chore by myself, just like what I ⑧__________ （do） now!
bought
has been
was delivered
is being repaired
miss
will be
is
am doing
①_______
bought
解析 由3 years ago可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填bought。
②_________
has been
解析 by now表示“迄今为止”，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语。故填has been。
③_____________
was delivered
解析 it指代washing machine，与deliver之间是被动关系；事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填was delivered。
④________________
is being repaired
解析 根据设空处后的this week和I have to wash my clothes by hand可知，洗衣机被送修还未被送回，因此应是这周正在被修理，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being repaired。
⑤_____
miss
解析 由语境可知，此处表示“我”现在很想念“我”的洗衣机。连词and后的hope与设空处并列。故填miss。
⑥________
will be
解析 soon意为“很快；不久”，常与将来时态连用。故填will be。
⑦___
is
解析 该句主句为一般将来时，Once引导的状语从句应当用一般现在时表将来。故填is。
⑧__________
am doing
解析 根据时间状语now可知，此处表示该动作正在进行。故填am doing。
[全国新高考Ⅰ2022] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park （GPNP）.1. . （cover） an area about three times 2. . size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3. . （be） previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4. . （increase） effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
Covering
the
were
to increase
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5. . （design） to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity （完整性） of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6. . leaving behind precious natural assets （资产） for future generations”.The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7. . （population） and homes of giant pandas, and 8. . （eventual） achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9. . an umbrella species （物种）, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10. . live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
is designed
and
populations
eventually
as
that
【语篇导读】中国将在明年建立大熊猫国家公园，主要目的是改善大熊猫不同种群和栖息地之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群数量水平。
1._________
Covering
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将是我国首批国家公园之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语will be，且与此处之间无连词连接，所以此处用非谓语动词形式；the GPNP与cover之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Covering。
2.____
the
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为“倍数+the size of+其他”结构，表示“……的大小是……的几倍”。故填the。
3.______
were
解析 句意为：该计划将把保护范围扩大到许多以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区归为一个部门管辖，以提高效率并减少管理上的不协调。结合句意并根据其后的previously可知，此处用一般过去时；that指代前面的areas，在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were。
4.___________
to increase
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
5.___________
is designed
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园设立的目的是体现“保持自然生态系统的原真性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态安全屏障，给子孙后代留下珍贵的自然资产”的指导原则。根据句意以及第三段中的is intended to可知，此处指建立大熊猫国家公园的目的，为客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The GPNP与design之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is designed。
6._____
and
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，上下文之间为并列关系。故填and。
7.___________
populations
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和栖息地之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群数量水平。population在此处意为“种群”，为可数名词。根据前面的separate可知，此处应用复数形式。故填populations。
8.__________
eventually
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处修饰后面的动词achieve，应用副词形式。故填eventually。
9.___
as
解析 句意为：大熊猫也是伞护种，为中国西南地区和西北地区的许多动植物提供保护。serve as是固定短语，意为“充当;担任”。故填as。
10._____
that
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫分布区内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并极大改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为species，指物,关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词前面有all修饰，应用that引导。故填that。
02
Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[浙江绍兴2023高一期末] A
The Shandong Province native, Ge Yuxiu, has lived in Qinghai for more than 51 years. For almost half that time, he has been on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （高原）, where he has devoted his life to photographing and conserving wild animals. Despite serious heart trouble, Ge is determined to stay on the high-altitude plateau and continue to do something to help protect wildlife in the area.
Ge's love for photography grew after his photo of soldiers reading news written on a blackboard was published in Qinghai Daily in 1979.He probably would have never turned to photographing wild animals without a visit to Bird Island in Qinghai Lake in 1995 after he had retired from the army and had begun working in the financial sector.
Covering less than half a square kilometre, the island is home to over 100,000 migratory birds （候鸟）.“I became addicted to the bird kingdom,” Ge said, adding that he has so far visited the island more than 200 times to take photos.
He never expected that the attraction of the island would tie his destiny with Przewalski's gazelle （普氏原羚）, a relatively small, slender antelope unique to China. Ge went to the island in late 1997 to take photos of swans （天鹅） when he saw seven yellowish-brown animals running across the grasslands, in a line. On hearing one of his companions shouting “Przewalski's gazelle”, he took out his camera and took photos of them. He was later told by wildlife conservation experts that he had captured （拍摄） the world's first image of this kind of antelope.
“I was so excited to hear that,” he said. His excitement, however, soon gave way to anxiety after he learnt that the animals were endangered. Only found around Qinghai Lake, there were just 300 of them surviving in the wild at the time. The incident became a turning point in Ge's photography career, as he decided to devote his efforts to saving the gazelle and other endangered animals. He often spent time in the wild observing the gazelle and occasionally visited local herdsmen （牧人） to learn what they knew about the animal. Thanks to joint efforts, the population of Przewalski's gazelle has now increased to about 2,700.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了葛玉修致力于保护青藏高原地区濒危野生动物的故事。
1.What is Ge devoted to doing ( )
B
A.Observing animals of all kinds. B.Conserving endangered animals.
C.Studying the wild ecosystem. D.Photographing beautiful scenery.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容和倒数第一段中的The incident became a turning point in Ge's photography career, as he decided to devote his efforts to saving the gazelle and other endangered animals.可知，葛玉修致力于保护青藏高原地区濒危的野生动物。故选B项。
2.What change did Ge's visit to Bird Island bring about ( )
B
A.He grew interested in protecting many wild animals.
B.He decided to take up photography.
C.He did begin to take photography seriously enough.
D.He turned to watching and protecting the gazelle only.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的He probably would have never turned to photographing wild animals without a visit to Bird Island in Qinghai Lake in 1995… 可知，青海湖鸟岛之行后，葛玉修决定开始从事摄影工作。故选B项。
3.What is the present situation of the gazelle based on the last paragraph ( )
D
A.Threats to them have disappeared. B.It is worrying as it used to be.
C.More protection efforts are needed. D.The population is on the rise.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Thanks to joint efforts, the population of Przewalski's gazelle has now increased to about 2,700.可知，在各方的共同努力下，普氏原羚的数量目前正在增加。故选D项。
4.Which of the following words best describe Ge ( )
C
A.Determined but anxious. B.Professional but emotional.
C.Devoted and responsible. D.Outgoing and adventurous.
解析 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，葛玉修一直致力于拍摄和保护野生动物，拯救普氏原羚和其他的濒危动物，由此可以推知，葛玉修是一位非常忠于职守且有责任感的人。故选C项。
长难句分析
句意：他从军队退役之后开始在金融领域工作，如果没有1995年的青海湖鸟岛之行，他可能永远不会转向拍摄野生动物。
[云南师大附中2023高一期末] B
The earth's wildlife populations have decreased by an average of 69% between 1970 and 2018, according to WWF's Living Planet Report 2022, as humans continue to cut down forests, consume resources beyond the limits of the planet, and pollute the environment on an industrial scale. Two years ago, the figure stood at 68%, and four years ago, it was at 60%.
Many scientists believe we are living through the sixth mass extinction—the largest loss of life on Earth since the time of the dinosaurs—and that it is being driven by humans. The report's 89 authors urged world leaders to reach an ambitious agreement at the Cop 15 biodiversity summit in Canada and to cut carbon emissions to limit global heating to below 1.5 ℃ this decade to stop the serious destruction of nature.
Latin America and the Caribbean region has seen the steepest decline in average wildlife population size, with a 94% drop in 48 years. Africa had the second largest fall at 66%, followed by Asia and the Pacific with 55% and North America at 20%.Europe and Central Asia experienced an 18% fall. The total loss is akin to the human population of Europe, the Americas, Africa, Oceania and China disappearing, according to the report.
Land use change is still the leading driver of biodiversity loss across the planet. Robin Freeman, head of one unit at Zoological Society of London, said it was clear humanity is eroding the very foundations of life, and urgent action is needed. He mentioned, “It's not just about conservation, it's about changing production and consumption—and the only way we are going to be able to make laws or call for that is to have these clear measurable targets that ask for recovery of abundance, reduction of extinction risk and the ending of extinctions at Cop 15 in December.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球上的野生动物数量急剧下降，人类应采取措施保护野生动物。
1.What do the data in Paragraph 1 show ( )
D
A.The sixth mass extinction of forests is going down.
B.The industrial pollution is becoming more widespread.
C.The consumption level is beyond the limits of the earth.
D.The decline rate of wildlife populations is increasing.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，《地球生命力报告2022》指出，在1970至2018年间，地球上的野生动物数量平均减少了69%。在四年之前的报告中，这一数字是60%，在两年之前的报告中，这一数字为68%，而现在这一数值是69%。由此可知，本段的数据表明野生动物数量的下降速度正在加快。故选D项。
2.What do the underlined words “akin to” mean in Paragraph 3 ( )
A
A.Similar to. B.Different from. C.Contrary to. D.Related to.
解析 词义猜测题。画线部分前的内容说明了拉丁美洲和加勒比地区、非洲、亚太地区、北美洲、欧洲和中亚地区的野生动物数量的下降幅度，画线部分所在句中提到了human population和disappearing，由此可知，世界各地的人口数量也在下降，故此处应该表示野生动物数量下降的状况与人口数量下降的状况相似，画线部分与similar to意思相近。故选A项。
3.What can we learn from Robin Freeman's words in Paragraph 4 ( )
C
A.Stable land use can prevent the loss of wildlife populations.
B.Cop 15 should take the responsibility for biodiversity reduction.
C.Changing ways of production and consumption matters in protection.
D.Making laws for recovery of wildlife abundance seems impossible.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的He mentioned, “It's not just about conservation, it's about changing production and consumption…”可知，罗宾·弗里曼认为改变生产和消费方式对保护野生动物至关重要。故选C项。
4.What is the best title for the passage ( )
D
A.Wildlife Faces Great Challenges to Survive
B.All Continents Suffer From Wildlife Disappearance
C.Human Activities Contribute to Wildlife's Habitat Loss
D.Wildlife Populations Experience a Dramatic Decline
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的The earth's wildlife populations have decreased by an average of 69% between 1970 and 2018以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了地球上野生动物的数量急剧下降，人类应采取措施保护野生动物，所以D项（野生动物的数量急剧下降）可以作为本文最佳标题。故选D项。
长难句分析
句意：根据世界自然基金会发布的《地球生命力报告2022》，由于人类持续砍伐森林，对资源的消耗超过地球的极限，以及工业规模化造成的环境污染，地球上的野生动物数量在1970年至2018年间平均减少了69%。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝
2.urge vt.催促；力劝；敦促
3.urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的
4.call for 要求；呼吁
进阶词汇
erode vi.& vt.逐步损害；削弱；侵蚀；风化
词缀拓展
bio- prefix 生物的；与生物有关的
biodiversity n.生物多样性
[河南豫东名校2023高一选科调研] I was walking through the bush when, suddenly, a baby koala rushed to me through the sky. Through quick thinking, I managed to catch it in my . .1. ..“Oh Doodah, are you—. .2. . to see me today ” I asked the koala. Doodah, a baby koala, was just one of the many koalas that had come into my . .3. ..And while I might be his favourite person, I loved all of these animals . .4. ..
Ever since I was a girl, I'd loved animals and at 18 had started work at the Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary as a . .5. . collector. Selecting leaves for the koalas brought me so much joy as the koalas . .6. . them for food. Through hard work and . .7. . I eventually became a koala specialist, which saw me working in China, where I . .8. . in koala-breeding programmes.
My son, Jett, has always been with koalas and comes out . .9. . them with me. But we've both become concerned about the . .10. . of our beloved koalas. I knew the best way to stop them from dying out was to . .11. . the young like my son because the future really is theirs. So I wrote a children's book, Have You Seen A Tree For Me , which I hope will help them understand we've got to . .12. . our beloved wildlife.
There are lots of . .13. . things kids can do to start helping now: Keep dogs and cats locked away from wildlife, plant a tree that will encourage native animals to visit and . .14. . your family to drive slowly in wildlife habitats and areas. That might only sound . .15. ., but if we all do this, it can make a big difference.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直负责照顾考拉，通过努力工作和学习，作者成为一名研究考拉的专家。作者担心考拉的未来，认为保护野生动物的最佳办法是从教育孩子开始，于是作者写了一本书并呼吁人们保护野生动物。
1.( )A.arms B.legs C.clothes D.gloves
A
解析 根据I was walking through the bush when, suddenly, a baby koala rushed to me through the sky.并结合常识可知，一只考拉从天而降，冲了过来，作者快速反应捉住考拉，并将它抱在怀里。故选A项。
2.( )A.curious B.responsible C.excited D.unwilling
C
解析 根据前文a baby koala rushed to me through the sky和空后的I might be his favourite person可知，考拉见到作者很兴奋。故选C项。
3.( )A.exchange B.care C.lecture D.power
B
解析 根据后文内容可知，作者很喜欢考拉，经过努力成为研究考拉的专家后，加入了考拉繁殖的研究项目。结合选项可判断，此处表示这只考拉在作者的照顾范围之内。故选B项。
4.( )A.officially B.properly C.recently D.equally
D
解析 根据Ever since I was a girl, I'd loved animals and at 18 had started work at the… 可知，作者喜欢动物。故推知作者喜欢她照顾的每一只考拉。故选D项。
5.( )A.wood B.rubbish C.leaf D.water
C
解析 根据Selecting leaves for the koalas brought me so much joy as the koalas _____ them for food.可知，作者的主要工作是为考拉收集树叶。故选C项。此处为原词复现。
6.( )A.broke down B.depended on C.came across D.concentrated on
B
解析 根据语境并结合常识可知，作者为考拉挑选树叶，看到这些考拉以自己挑选的树叶为食，作者很开心。故选B项。
7.( )A.study B.confidence C.debate D.arrangement
A
解析 根据Through hard work及I eventually became a koala specialist可知，作者为了成为考拉专家，付出了很多努力，故推知作者很努力地工作和学习。故选A项。
8.( )A.checked B.typed C.registered D.joined
D
解析 根据I eventually became a koala specialist可知，作者以专家的身份加入了考拉繁殖的研究项目。故选D项。
9.( )A.naming B.impressing C.feeding D.catching
C
解析 根据上文的koala-breeding programmes和My son, Jett, has always been with koalas可知，作者的儿子很喜欢考拉，此处表示作者的儿子和作者一起给考拉喂食。故选C项。
10.( )A.health B.future C.food D.return
B
解析 根据I knew the best way to stop them from dying out was to _____ the young like my son because the future really is theirs.中的stop them from dying out可知，此处表示作者很担心考拉的未来，而能阻止它们灭绝的最佳方法与年轻一代有关。故选B项。
11.( )A.educate B.understand C.direct D.trust
A
解析 根据上文的stop them from dying out和下文的So I wrote a children's book可知，作者写儿童读物的目的是教育孩子们保护野生动物。故选A项。
12.( )A.control B.protect C.hide D.recognise
B
解析 根据下文There are lots of _____ things kids can do to start helping now: Keep dogs and cats locked away from wildlife, plant a tree… 可知，下文描述的是孩子们保护野生动物的方法，故推知作者鼓励孩子们保护野生动物，故选B项。
13.( )A.secret B.big C.interesting D.simple
D
解析 空后列举了“拴住猫和狗、种树和在野生动物栖息地缓慢行驶”，这些行为都是很小的、很简单的保护野生动物的方法，故选D项。
14.( )A.allow B.force C.ask D.train
C
解析 根据There are lots of _____ things kids can do to start helping now可知，此处介绍孩子们保护野生动物的方法，故推知孩子们可以要求家人在野生动物栖息地缓慢行驶，故选C项。
15.( )A.small B.confusing C.natural D.difficult
A
解析 空后的but表明前后语义的转折。结合空后的make a big difference和前文中提到的保护野生动物的行为可知，此处要表达，虽然这些事看似是小事，实则能够产生很大的影响。故选A项。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：54分钟
[山东师大附中2022高一期中] Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.
But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely That's what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.
Could this be true During your parents' childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.
Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms （平台）.
In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger.“There's definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.
Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships.“If we are constantly checking in with our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships,” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don't need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。现在的青少年把更多的时间用于网上交友，这样的现象让一些专家很担忧，他们认为青少年如果不断地关注虚拟世界，他们将几乎没有时间在现实世界中建立真正的友谊。
1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph ( )
C
A.To summarise the text. B.To tell about true friends.
C.To bring up a discussion. D.To encourage online friendships.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends.And she spends a lot of time with them.和第二段的But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely 可知，第一段描述了青少年在网络上有很多朋友的现象，而第二段就此现象提出了一个疑问。由此推知，第一段的目的是提出一个值得讨论的话题，从而引出下文对于这个话题的讨论。故选C项。
2.What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in Paragraph 3 ( )
B
A.In any case. B.In person. C.In full measure. D.In advance.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线短语前的During your parents' childhoods和画线短语后的Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones.可知，在父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起，孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是像现在这样在手机上玩游戏。由此推知，in the flesh意为“亲自”，故选B项。
3.What is Katie's attitude towards online communication ( )
D
A.Worried. B.Unconcerned. C.Confused. D.Positive.
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的There's definitely a positive influence.可推知，凯蒂对网络交流持乐观态度。故选D项。
4.What view does Rosen hold ( )
C
A.It's wise to turn to friends online.
B.It's easier to develop friendships in reality.
C.Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.
D.Social media can help people stay closely connected.
解析 推理判断题。根据第六段中的内容可知，罗森认为如果我们不断关注我们的虚拟世界，我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊，并且罗森担心孩子们可能会把社交媒体上的朋友错当成生活中真正的朋友。由此推知，罗森认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊。故选C项。
[河北石家庄一中2022高一期中] Hiking, that is, travelling on foot, can be a great way to spend time outdoors.1. . With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part.
Map out your way before setting out. Tell friends or relatives where and when you will be hiking, and when you expect to return.2. . If you have a GPS, pack it, as well.
3. . Your body can only take in about 1 litre of liquid per hour, so drink 0.5 to 1 litre of some type of electrolyte （电解液） replacement drink every hour when you are hiking in the heat. Carry your water bottle in your hand and drink small amounts often. An adult should drink about 4 litres of electrolyte replacement drink for every 8 hours spent hiking in the heat.
In the case of lightning storms, stay away from tall trees and go quickly to the lowest-lying land you can find. On hot summer days, it's necessary to bring clothing and a raincoat.4. . In the fall and winter, pack warm clothing and matches in case you need to build a fire.
F
C
A
E
If you have worked out a hiking plan and told friends or family of your whereabouts （行踪）, help will be on the way as soon as they realise that you are missing. The best course of action is to stay in one position so that search parties can find you. Try to find a grassland or clearing （林中空地） where you may be seen from the air. A GPS is a good helper. With GPS, your relatives or friends may easily know where you are.5. .
G
A.Water is the most important thing.
B.Go hiking with friends is even greater.
C.Buy a map of the area and familiarise yourself with the paths.
D.GPS will also be fixed on boats both of the sailing and rowing variety.
E.Take plenty of water and sun cream, as temperatures may increase fast.
F.However, basic hiking rules are necessary to ensure you have a safe trip.
G.To bring a cellphone is also a good idea, but you may not have service in remote areas.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徒步旅行之前应该准备的东西及徒步旅行时应注意的事项。
1.___
F
解析 根据上文提示Hiking, that is, travelling on foot, can be a great way to spend time outdoors.，再根据下文提示With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part.可知，设空处承上启下，F项（然而，基本的徒步旅行规则是必要的，以确保你有一个安全的旅行）切题。该项中的However与上文构成转折关系，且to ensure you have a safe trip与下文中的With enough preparation呼应。故选F项。
【方法总结】根据上下文之间的逻辑关系解7选57选5中的过渡句包括段落内部的过渡句以及段落之间的过渡句。解题时，要瞻前顾后找线索，即根据设空处与前后句之间的逻辑关系（这些逻辑关系往往会通过一些连接词和过渡词汇来体现）来解题，如解释关系（对前一句或对主题的进一步解释）、并列关系（and、or、on one hand… on the other hand等）、转折关系（though、instead、otherwise、nevertheless、however等）、因果关系（because、so、since、now that等）、递进关系（besides、moreover等）等，看所选的答案是否能将上下文衔接起来。例如本题可以利用转折关系寻找答案。
2.___
C
解析 根据上文提示Map out your way before setting out.Tell friends or relatives where and when you will be hiking, and when you expect to return.可知，本段与徒步前的路线准备工作相关，C项（买一张该地区的地图，让自己熟悉路线）切题，该项中的map和familiarise yourself with the paths与前文中的Map out your way before setting out.相呼应。故选C项。
3.___
A
解析 根据下文提示Your body can only take in about 1 litre of liquid per hour, so drink 0.5 to 1 litre of some type of electrolyte replacement drink every hour when you are hiking in the heat.可知，本段主要与徒步中饮水方面相关，A项（水是最重要的东西）符合本段大意。故选A项。
4.___
E
解析 根据上文提示On hot summer days, it's necessary to bring clothing and a raincoat.可知，本段主要讲不同季节应该准备的物品，E项（带足够的水和防晒霜，因为气温可能会迅速升高）承接上文，介绍夏天应该准备的物品，该项中的as temperatures may increase fast与上文的On hot summer days呼应。故选E项。
5.___
G
解析 根据上文提示A GPS is a good helper.With GPS, your relatives or friends may easily know where you are.可知，设空处应提及与通信相关的内容，G项（带手机也是个好主意，但在偏远地区可能无服务）切题，该项中的also与上文形成递进关系。故选G项。
[湖南邵阳2023高一期中] That year I was eleven and in sixth grade. In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders are . .1. . to take part in the R.O.P.E.Programme. Its main . .2. . is to believe your peers （同龄人）, work together, and . .3. . new adventures. The programme includes falling backwards and . .4. . peers to catch you, working together to fit into a small circle and something of that kind.
I was ready to take part in these . .5. ..Falling backwards and fitting into a small circle were nothing to me. Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring, but I could . .6. . it. Finally the day came when my sixth-grade class would travel to climb and abseil （绕绳下降） down a mountain in Southington. Those people who were too . .7. . were allowed to practise climbing and abseiling down a smaller area of rocks, but that wasn't for me. I could climb the big mountain.
Twenty minutes later, my . .8. . arrived. As I was well . .9. ., I set off at once. I got a quarter of the way up but couldn't seem to get any . .10. ..I tried and tried. I began to put myself down and cry. There was nothing more . .11. . than my classmates were looking at me. All I kept . .12. . was “Lisa, you can do it. Try to fit your foot in there.. .13. ., Lisa. You're almost there.”
It was then that I thought to myself, “Why am I crying I can do this.” Almost . .14. . I went on going up the mountain. Within five minutes I successfully . .15. . to the top.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者六年级参加R.O.P.E.计划时，原本信心满满认为自己能爬到山顶，但爬到四分之一的位置时却爬不动了，最终她在同学们的鼓励下成功登上顶峰的故事。
1.( )A.forced B.reported C.required D.reminded
C
解析 根据空前的all sixth-graders可知，此处指所有六年级的学生都被要求参加R.O.P.E.计划。
2.( )A.idea B.result C.question D.road
A
解析 根据空后的to believe your peers, work together, and ____ new adventures可知，这些都是R.O.P.E.计划的意图。
3.( )A.run B.introduce C.experience D.describe
C
解析 根据下文中作者的攀登体验可知，此处指R.O.P.E.计划让六年级学生体验新的冒险。experience意为“体验；经历”。
4.( )A.begging B.commanding C.permitting D.trusting
D
解析 根据上文中的to believe your peers可知，R.O.P.E.计划的意图之一是让你相信你的同龄人，所以向后倒下时，你应该相信你的同龄人会接住你。
5.( )A.lectures B.discussions C.stories D.activities
D
解析 根据上文中的The programme includes falling backwards and ____ peers to catch you, working together to fit into a small circle and something of that kind.可知，此处指作者准备好参加R.O.P.E.计划的各种活动了。
6.( )A.handle B.discover C.change D.need
A
解析 根据空前的Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring, but I could可知，除了一根绳子，没有其他东西支撑作者越过小溪，但作者觉得自己能应对这种情况。handle意为“应付；处理”。
7.( )A.naughty B.noisy C.frightened D.annoyed
C
解析 根据空后的were allowed to practise climbing and abseiling down a smaller area of rocks可知，感到害怕的人可以在小范围的岩石上练习攀爬和绕绳下降。naughty意为“淘气的”；frightened意为“害怕的”；annoyed意为“烦恼的；生气的”。
8.( )A.friend B.turn C.teacher D.day
B
解析 根据空前的Twenty minutes later和下文中的I set off at once可知，此处指轮到作者攀登了。
9.( )A.relaxed B.balanced C.organised D.prepared
D
解析 根据上文中的I could climb the big mountain.可知，作者认为自己可以攀爬大山，信心满满，所以此处应该是说作者已经做好准备。balanced意为“客观公正的”；organised意为“有条理的”；prepared意为“准备好的”。
10.( )A.quicker B.warmer C.farther D.longer
C
解析 根据上文中的climb the big mountain以及下文中的I began to put myself down and cry.可知，作者信心满满地认为自己能攀爬大山，但爬到四分之一处时沮丧地哭了起来，所以此处指作者似乎无法爬得更远了。
11.( )A.awkward B.amazing C.exciting D.disappointing
A
解析 根据上文中的put myself down and cry和空后的my classmates were looking at me可知，作者攀爬受挫，开始哭泣，同学们注视着这一幕，这让作者感到非常尴尬。awkward意为“令人尴尬的”。
12.( )A.shouting B.remembering C.learning D.hearing
D
解析 根据空后的Lisa, you can do it.Try to fit your foot in there.可知，这是作者听到的话的内容。
13.( )A.Watch out B.Come on C.Hurry up D.Walk along
B
解析 根据语境可知，作者听到的应是他人鼓励自己的话语。come on意为“加油”，符合语境。
14.( )A.completely B.carefully C.dangerously D.immediately
D
解析 根据上文中作者听到鼓励自己的话以及“Why am I crying I can do this.”可知，作者立刻重拾信心，继续攀爬。
15.( )A.returned B.got C.rose D.took
B
解析 根据空前的successfully可知，作者成功登顶。get意为“到达”，符合语境。
[辽宁鞍山普通高中2023高一期末] In a world that is full of different kinds of colours, red quite stands out. In China, people call this colour China Red, 1. . has become a very popular expression 2. . （catch） the world's attention.
This expression fully shows Chinese 3. . （people） special love for red. So why are the Chinese really fond of it One reason lies in the colour's rich meaning in Chinese history and 4. . （tradition） culture. In ancient China, red 5. . （regard） as a symbol of health, energy, happiness, hope and so on. Now red things can be 6. . （common） found across the nation, for example, red lanterns. People can find red lanterns across China, especially during festivals and holidays. During 7. . Spring Festival, people will see red lanterns hanging on the front gates of houses and stores, trees, etc. Besides red lanterns, things like Spring Festival couplets （春联） 8. . invitations are also often red.
In a word, red is popular in China and it's more than just a colour. It 9. . （carry） the rich culture of this nation. And you're welcome 10. . （feel） and discover it in China.
which
catching
people's
traditional
was regarded
commonly
the
and
carries
to feel
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。红色受到中国人的喜爱，在中国，它不仅是一种颜色，还承载着丰富的文化内涵，文章介绍了红色在中国文化中所蕴含的意义。
1._______
which
解析 句意为：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种非常流行的（文化）表达方式，引起了全世界的注意。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为China Red，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。
2.________
catching
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，catch与China Red之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。
3.________
people's
解析 句意为：这种表达充分显示了中国人对红色的特殊喜爱。people与love构成所属关系，应用名词所有格。故填people's。
4.__________
traditional
解析 句意为：原因之一是红色在中国历史和传统文化中有着丰富的意义。设空处作定语，修饰名词culture，应用形容词。故填traditional。
5._____________
was regarded
解析 句意为：在中国古代，红色被认为是健康、活力、幸福、希望等的象征。设空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语In ancient China可知，应用一般过去时；主语是red，与regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was regarded。
6.__________
commonly
解析 句意为：现在红色的东西在全国都很常见，比如红灯笼。设空处作状语，修饰谓语can be found，应用副词。故填commonly。
7.____
the
解析 句意为：在春节期间，人们会看到红色的灯笼挂在房子和商店的前门、树上等。表示“春节”应用the Spring Festival。故填the。
8._____
and
解析 句意为：除了红灯笼，春联和请柬等东西也通常是红色的。此处Spring Festival couplets和invitations之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
9._______
carries
解析 句意为：它承载着这个民族丰富的文化。此处为陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为It，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
10._______
to feel
解析 句意为：欢迎你来中国感受并了解它。sb be welcome to do sth意为“某人可随意做某事（用于邀请某人做某事）”，为固定搭配。故填to feel。
[湖南名校联考联合体2022高一期末] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The forest was full of shadows as a little girl hurried through it one autumn evening. It was already 8 o'clock and Sylvie wondered if her parents would be angry with her for being so late.
Every evening Sylvie left at 5:30 to bring their cow home. The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass. Sylvie's routine included bringing her home to be milked.
When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes.
This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her home. The cow stopped at a small stream to drink. As Sylvie waited, she put her bare feet in the cold, fresh water of the stream.
She had never before been alone in the forest as late as this. The air was soft and sweet. Sylvie felt as if she were a part of the grey shadows and the silver leaves that moved in the evening breeze.
The cow finished drinking, and as the nine-year-old child hurried through the forest, suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away.
“Hello, little girl,” a young man with a gun called out.“How far is it to the main road ” Sylvie was trembling as she pronounced “two miles”.
“I've been hunting for birds,” he explained.“I shoot them and keep them with special chemicals. I have over 100 different kinds of birds from all over the United States in my study at home.” Sylvie was relieved but silent.
“I saw a white heron （白鹭） not far from here two days ago. I've been looking for it ever since. It's a very rare bird, the little white heron. Have you seen it, too ” he asked. Sylvie was sill silent.
“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is,” he encouraged Sylvie.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Sylvie's mind was immediately full of all the wonderful things she and her parents could buy for ten dollars._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The young man went away disappointed later that day._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作提示】
1.材料导读
材料大意 小女孩茜尔维在放牛回家的路上，遇到一个手持猎枪的猎鸟青年在寻找一只白鹭；对方表示如果茜尔维告诉他白鹭的线索，他答应给她10美元。
故事背景 小女孩茜尔维夜间赶牛回家，路遇猎鸟青年。
主要角色 小女孩茜尔维、猎鸟青年
写作顺序 时间顺序
主要矛盾 小女孩茜尔维是否会为金钱动摇而告知猎鸟青年白鹭的去向。
2.续写分析
续写第一段（提示句：茜尔维的脑海里立刻充满了她和她父母用10美元能买到的所有美好的东西。） 由第一段提示句可知，第一段可描写小女孩茜尔维想象用10美元能买到的各种东西；根据第二段提示句可倒推第一段还应交代小女孩茜尔维作出的决定——未告知猎鸟青年白鹭的去向。
续写第二段（提示句：那天晚些时候，青年失望地离开了。） 根据第二段提示句可知，白鹭未被猎杀，留在了当地，第二段可描写茜尔维作出决定之后的心理活动。
情感变化 小女孩茜尔维：对10美元满怀憧憬——想到白鹭被猎杀的不忍——不告知猎鸟青年白鹭去向的坚定——白鹭美妙的歌声使她感到开心
3.提分词句
（1）心理描写：Thinking of the wonderful moments, … feeling in a dilemma （感到进退两难）。
（2）动作描写：approach （到来）, shake one's head/decline/refuse politely（拒绝）。
（3）情绪描写：wonderful, disappointed, amazing。
【参考范文】
Sylvie's mind was immediately full of all the wonderful things she and her parents could buy for ten dollars.She could buy a thick coat for her grandmother, a pair of gloves for her mother, a pipe for her father… Well, winter was approaching.Her shoes were a little small, holes exposing her toes.She needed a pair of new shoes.However, she also remembered how the white heron came flying through the golden air and how they watched the sun rise together from the top of the world.Thinking of the wonderful moments, Sylvie could not speak.She held her breath, her heart beating wildly.She could not tell the heron's secret and give its life away.“I have never seen a white heron!” She burst forth.
The young man went away disappointed later that day.Sylvie was a little sad.After all