人教版（2019） 必修第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage课件(共126张PPT)

(共126张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
01
Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.With the broader ___________ （apply） of the facial recognition technology, related disputes （争论）, too, are on the rise.
application
解析 句意为：随着面部识别技术更广泛的应用，相关争论也在增加。设空处在句中作介词with的宾语，且空前有定冠词和形容词比较级修饰，应用名词，表示“应用”。故填application。
2.The study of a modern language has a unique ___________ （contribute） to the development of cultural awareness.
contribution
解析 句意为：对一种现代语言的研究对促进文化意识的发展有独特的贡献。设空处作宾语，应用名词形式，由空前的a可知，此处应用单数形式。a contribution to… 意为“对……的贡献”。故填contribution。
3.It was not until I suffered hair _____ （lost） that I realised the harm of staying up.
loss
解析 句意为：直到我经历脱发，我才意识到熬夜的危害。作宾语应用名词，hair loss意为“脱发”。故填loss。
4.In the past few years, Chinese Wushu Association has contributed a lot to the __________ （promote） of wushu.
promotion
解析 句意为：在过去的几年里，中国武术协会为武术的推广作出了很大的贡献。固定短语contribute to表示“为……作出贡献”，to是介词；设空处作介词to的宾语，且空前有定冠词the修饰，空后有of… 修饰，应用名词。故填promotion。
5.The natural resources we have are _______ （limit）.Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources.
limited
解析 句意为：我们拥有的自然资源是有限的。因此，我们没有理由浪费宝贵的资源。分析句子结构可知，第一个句子为主从复合句，we have为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰natural resources，主句为主系表结构，设空处在句中作表语；结合语境可知，此处表示“有限的”，故填形容词limited。
6.Writers of history books always attempt ___________ （integrate） the past with the present.
to integrate
解析 句意为：历史书的作者总是试图把过去与现在结合起来。attempt to do sth为固定搭配，意为“试图做某事”。
7.With the development of society, traditional values have been giving way ___ more liberal contemporary ones.
to
解析 句意为：随着社会的发展，传统价值观一直在让位于更为自由的现代价值观。give way to为固定搭配，意为“被……代替；向……让步；向……屈服”。故填to。
8.You can partly contribute to _________ （reduce） the air pollution by using a bicycle to travel when there's no need to drive a car.
reducing
解析 句意为：在没必要开车时骑车出行，你就能在一定程度上为减轻空气污染作贡献。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“有助于”，to为介词，其后应接动名词作宾语。故填reducing。
9.Young people are seeking excitement and challenges, and going where big companies are is what leads to so many old people __________ （leave） alone in villages.
being left
解析 句意为：年轻人正在寻找刺激和挑战，（他们）去大公司所在的地方是导致许多老人被独自留在农村的原因。lead to sb doing sth 意为“导致某人做某事”，leave与old people之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动式。故填being left。
10.When I try to find what it is that prevents so many people_______ （take） part in the programme, it seems to me that there are two main causes.
taking
解析 句意为：当我努力想找出是什么阻止这么多人参加这个节目时，依我看似乎有两个主要原因。prevent sb （from） doing sth 意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填taking。
根据提示补全句子。
1.每一次你将你不用的东西捐赠到慈善商店时，你都是在帮助这世界上的某个人。
Every time you _______ ____ _______ __________ _____ ______ ____ ___ a charity shop, you are helping someone in the world.
donate
the
things
that/which
you
don't
use
to
2.他不但拒绝了礼物，而且还严厉地批评了送礼人。（not only; 部分倒装; gift）
_____ _____ ____ ____ _______ ____ ____, but he also severely criticised the giver.
Not
only
did
he
refuse
the
gift
3.据说父母花更多时间陪孩子玩耍的话，孩子更有可能成功。（likely）
It is said that children whose parents spend more time playing with them ____ ______ ______ ___ ________.
are
more
likely
to
succeed
4.值得指出的是，加热可能会使一些材料的结构发生某些变化。（worthwhile）
___ ___ ___________ ___ ______ ____ that heating may bring certain changes to the structure of some materials.
It
is
worthwhile
to
point
out
5.生活就像骑自行车。为了保持平衡，你必须不停地向前。（名词balance）
Life is like riding a bicycle.____ _____ _____ ________, you must keep moving.
To
keep
your
balance
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the development of economy, how to balance progress and the protection of cultural heritage 1___ （be） a big challenge we are facing. Great 2_________ （solution）, however, tend to arise from the challenges.
In the 1950s, in order to control the flooding and get electricity from the flow of the Nile River, the Egyptian government made a proposal 3________ （build） a new dam across the Nile. It would cause the water levels to rise high enough to bring destruction to cultural relics, 4_______ represented the rich Egyptian culture. So the government turned 5___ the United Nations for help.
Soon, an international committee 6_______________ （establish） to help Egypt to find a solution. Finally, they made a decision that all cultural relics should be removed. With the unprecedented （前所未有的） international effort, the government 7___________ （successful） moved the temples and other cultural sites to a new 8________ （locate） on higher ground.
is
solutions
to build
which
to
was established
successfully
location
The project was considered a greatly successful example by UNESCO to prevent world heritage from 9____________ （disappear）.More importantly, the success shows that if a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can make 10___ big difference. The fact proves it is possible for countries to work together to build a better future.
disappearing
a
1.___
is
解析 主语是how to balance progress and the protection of cultural heritage，为“疑问词+不定式”结构，谓语应用第三人称单数。又因此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。
2._________
solutions
解析 solution在此处意为“解决方法”，为可数名词，空前没有限定词修饰，且空后的谓语为复数形式，由此可知，主语应用复数形式。故填solutions。
3.________
to build
解析 a proposal to do sth为固定用法，表示“做某事的提议”，不定式作后置定语。故填to build。
4._______
which
解析 _____ represented the rich Egyptian culture是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cultural relics,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填which。
5.___
to
解析 turn to为固定搭配，意为“向……求助”。故填to。
6._______________
was established
解析 establish是谓语动词，与主语之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，此处指发生在过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为an international committee，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填was established。
7.___________
successfully
解析 设空处修饰动词moved,应用副词。故填successfully。
8.________
location
解析 设空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词。故填location。
9.____________
disappearing
解析 prevent… from doing sth 意为“阻止……做某事”。故填 disappearing。
10.___
a
解析 make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有作用；有影响”。故填a。
[辽宁名校联盟2023高一联考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Living Root Bridge has been included in the Tentative List of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The root bridges are in the Meghalaya region of northeast India. The region gets a lot of rainfall and is one of the wettest 1______ （area） on Earth. That creates 2___ number of lakes, rivers and waterfalls, 3________ （make） it difficult to build roads in the area. However, for hundreds of years the local Khasi people have been trying 4_____ （they） best to grow root bridges across rivers and streams to make it much 5______ （easy） for them to move around the area.
The bridges 6_________ （build） by stretching （拉长） the roots of living trees over the river and winding them around bamboo structures to guide them in the particular 7_________ （direct）.The roots can take up to 20 years 8________ （grow） into a complete bridge.
areas
a
making
their
easier
are built
direction
to grow
The India government has suggested Meghalaya's root bridges should be added 9___ the UNESCO World Heritage List, 10_______ means they will be recognised officially. The root bridges will attract more tourists and money to the area, just like Egypt's pyramids （金字塔） or the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
to
which
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在印度东北部的梅加拉亚地区，当地人利用树根建成天然桥梁，这种“树根桥”已经被选入联合国教科文组织世界遗产预备名单。
1.______
areas
解析 句意为：该地区雨量充沛，是地球上最潮湿的地区之一。此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”。故填areas。
2.___
a
解析 句意为：那就使此地形成大量的湖泊、河流和瀑布，使得修路变得十分困难。此处为固定短语a number of，表示“大量的”，修饰可数名词复数。故填a。
【易错警示】a number of 和 the number of 的用法区别
“a number of+可数名词复数”表示“大量的……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+可数名词复数”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
3.________
making
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处前的部分语义和成分均完整，句中谓语为creates，且设空处与其之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
4._____
their
解析 句意为：然而，几百年来，当地的卡西族一直在尽其最大努力在河流和小溪上方种植树根桥，使他们更容易在该地区四处走动。固定短语try one's best to do sth表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”。故填their。
5.______
easier
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处作宾补，且前有much修饰；结合语境可知，此处表示比较含义，表示与种植树根桥之前相比更容易行走，应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。
6._________
are built
解析 句意为：这些桥是通过拉长河上活树的根，将它们缠绕在竹结构上来引导其向特定方向（生长）而建造的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时；本句中主语是The bridges，为复数形式，动词build与主语之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are built。
7._________
direction
解析 句意见上一题解析。表示“朝……方向”为in… direction。故填direction。
8.________
to grow
解析 句意为：树根需要多达20年才能长成一座完整的桥。take sth to do sth是固定搭配，意为“做某事需要花费……（时间）”。故填to grow。
9.___
to
解析 句意为：印度政府建议将梅加拉亚邦的树根桥列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，这意味着它们将被正式承认。固定短语add… to… 表示“将……添加到……中”，此处为其被动形式。故填to。
10._______
which
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为has suggested后的宾语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
01
Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[山西长治二中2022高一期末] A
Each year, UNESCO chooses the latest additions to its World Heritage List. The following are some of the famous additions.
Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture （Russia）
The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture. It was a leading school of building design in the country, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some elements common to Pskov architecture date back to the 12th century.
Babylon （Iraq）
The ancient city of Babylon is gaining World Heritage Site status. The city was once a main tourist site before Iraq suffered several wars. The about 4,300-year-old city is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilisation. UNESCO says the site “offers a look into one of the most influential empires of the ancient world”.
Writing-on-Stone （Canada）
Canada's Writing-on-Stone monument has a large number of protected rock paintings and rock carvings. Some of them are 2,000 years old. The markings were left by Native Americans, who lived in parts of Western Canada and the far northern United States. The land that makes up Writing-on-Stone features rock columns that have been formed into “spectacular shapes” by erosion （侵蚀）.
Paraty and Ilha Grande （Brazil）
The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island Ilha Grande are already popular places for visitors to the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Paraty was the final stop along the Gold Route, along which gold was shipped to Europe in the late 1600s. The area is also home to a huge number of animals, some of which are in danger now.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的古迹。
1.What do we know about the buildings in Pskov ( )
A
A.Their designs came from the same school. B.They are merely churches.
C.They are a group of ancient schools. D.Their paintings are about 2,000 years old.
解析 细节理解题。由Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture （Russia）部分中的The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture.It was a leading school of building design in the country可知，普斯科夫建筑的设计都来自同一个学派。故选A。
2.What can we learn from the Writing-on-Stone monument ( )
C
A.It is the best-preserved monument in Canada. B.It enjoys great popularity with visitors.
C.It reflects the culture of the natives. D.It was formed by nature.
解析 细节理解题。根据Writing-on-Stone （Canada）部分中的The markings were left by Native Americans, who lived in parts of Western Canada and the far northern United States.可知，石头上的标记都是居住在加拿大西部和美国最北部的原住民留下的。所以这些石刻反映了原住民文化，故选C。
3.What can visitors see in Paraty and Ilha Grande ( )
B
A.Shipping activities. B.Coastal scenery.
C.Gold mining equipment. D.Rock paintings.
解析 推理判断题。由Paraty and Ilha Grande （Brazil）部分中的The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island Ilha Grande are already popular places for visitors可知,历史悠久的沿海小镇帕拉蒂和格兰德岛是受游客喜爱的地方。所以游客在帕拉蒂镇和格兰德岛能看到海岸风景。故选B。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.influential adj.有很大影响的2.be home to… 是……的栖息地/产地
[河南新乡2023高一调研] B
Situated in the northeast of Jiangxi Province, Wuyuan County （县） is located at the junction （交界） of Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Anhui. Wuyuan has been known as “the hometown of book” and “the hometown of tea”.It is a famous cultural and ecotourism county in China, known as “China's most beautiful countryside”.
Huizhou Culture is the soul of Wuyuan travel. Since the ancient times, Wuyuan has had a culture and popular practice of literature. There are many great men born in Wuyuan, including Zhu Xi, a learned scholar. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Wuyuan had nurtured 552 Jinshi, an advanced scholar in ancient China, and about 3,100 works. In addition, Wuyuan Museum has thousands of cultural collections, known as “the first library at Chinese county-level”.Folk cultural arts like Nuo dance, tea ceremony are bright and colourful. Historical remains of celebrities and ancient buildings of Hui style in the Ming and Qing dynasties are all over the county.
Wuyuan has 16 provincial-level historical and cultural villages, 1 national-level historical and cultural village, 13 Chinese protection units of cultural relics, and 2 ancient villages on the list of candidates for election to the World Heritage Sites. Wuyuan County has a history of over 1,000 years.
Wuyuan has four distinct seasons and many foggy days. Days throughout the year are times to travel, but spring is the best season, especially in April. In spring, red rhododendrons （杜鹃花） all over the mountains, green tea trees all over the hills, golden flowers, white walls and black tiles, all of them are harmoniously integrated （成为一体）, forming the best picture in the world. In autumn, best seasonal scenery appears in Huangling, Changxi and so on, among which, the landscape of Sun Drying of Crops is one of the highlights of Huangling Scenic Area.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了婺源县的地理位置、文化、气候特征和景点。
1.What can we learn about Wuyuan from Paragraph 1 ( )
D
A.It is a county with a short history. B.It is filled with traditional libraries.
C.It is known as the hometown of dance. D.It is not far from Zhejiang and Anhui.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Situated in the northeast of Jiangxi Province, Wuyuan County is located at the junction of Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Anhui.可知，婺源县处于江西、浙江、安徽三个省的交界处，即离浙江和安徽不远。故选D项。
2.What can visitors probably enjoy in Wuyuan Museum ( )
B
A.Pictures of high modern buildings. B.Precious artworks.
C.Photos of beautiful flowers. D.Expensive ships.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的In addition, Wuyuan Museum has thousands of cultural collections, known as “the first library at Chinese county-level”.可知，参观者在婺源博物馆可能欣赏到珍贵的艺术作品。故选B项。
3.How is the third paragraph developed ( )
B
A.By giving reasons. B.By listing numbers.
C.By asking a question. D.By making a comparison.
解析 推理判断题。根据Wuyuan has 16 provincial-level historical…, 1 national-level…, 13 Chinese protection units…, and 2 ancient villages… Wuyuan County has a history of over 1,000 years.可知，第三段通过列举数字来组织本段行文。故选B项。
【知识拓展】阅读理解中关于文章或段落行文手法的常见表述
by giving reasons 列举原因
by following the time order 时间顺序
by analysing causes and effects 分析因果
by following the space order 空间顺序
by listing numbers （giving data） 列数据
by asking questions 提问题
by making a comparison 作比较
by giving examples （an example） 举例子
by giving definition 下定义
by describing a process 描述过程
4.What does the author think of Wuyuan travel ( )
A
A.Worthwhile. B.Tiring. C.Costless. D.Limited.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Wuyuan has been known as “the hometown of book” and “the hometown of tea”.It is a famous cultural and ecotourism county in China, known as “China's most beautiful countryside”.可知，作者对婺源县的评价很高，所以作者应该认为婺源之旅是值得的。故选A项。
词汇加油站
进阶词汇
1.situate vt.使位于；使坐落于
2.learned adj.有学问的；博学的
词缀拓展
eco- prefix 环境的；生态的
ecotourism n.生态旅游 eco-friendly adj.环保的
[河南许昌2023期末] One of the reasons why we preserve historic places is that they can continue to tell the stories of our history to the next generation. But what if the next generation doesn't understand the value and significance of these places 1. . Here are four things to do with kids in the classroom or at home to get them involved in and excited about historic preservation.
Talk to the neighbours. Encourage kids to talk to the neighbours who have lived on their street for a long time. Find out what they remember about living there and about the people who have moved on. Maybe they have old photographs of how the street and houses used to look.2. . Oral （口述的） histories are an invaluable resource and provide a link to the places of our past.
Visit a historic site. Take kids to visit a historic site in your area, or stop by the local historical society or museum. You can often find an original map of the surrounding area at the historical society or museum. Make a project out of comparing old maps to today's roads and neighbourhoods.3. . What has stayed the same
G
F
A
4. . Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in. Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees in or around historic areas.
Create a historical record for a landmark （遗址）.Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like photographs, construction dates, architectural styles and features, and stories of who lived there or used the building and for what. What kind of things would someone want to know about this place in 50 or 100 years 5. .
B
D
A.What has changed
B.Take part in a community project.
C.Create a historic walking tour of your city.
D.Then, put together your own historical record.
E.Do they tell different stories from different ages
F.You can also consider recording the conversation.
G.That's why it's important to get kids involved in historic preservation.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种引导孩子们参与历史遗迹保护的方法。
1.___
G
解析 前文提到我们保护历史遗迹的原因之一是它们可以继续向下一代讲述我们历史的故事。空前提出设问（但如果下一代不理解这些地方的价值和意义该怎么办呢？），由此可知，设空处应说明让孩子们参与历史古迹保护很重要。G项（这就是为什么让孩子们参与历史文物保护很重要）中的historic preservation和下文中的historic preservation相呼应。故选G项。
2.___
F
解析 前文提到鼓励孩子和街道上居住已久的邻居交谈的意义在于可以帮助孩子了解此地的历史，下文提到口述历史是极宝贵的资源和将我们与历史遗迹相联系的桥梁。由此可推知，设空处应承上启下；F项中的recording the conversation承接上文的Talk to the neighbours.，且与设空处后的Oral histories are an invaluable resource相呼应。故选F项。
3.___
A
解析 前文讲到把旧地图与现在的道路和社区进行比较，后文提出问题：什么保持不变？结合选项可判断，A项（什么改变了？）符合语境，表示通过对比，探索改变的地方和没有改变的地方。故选A项。
4.___
B
解析 根据文章结构可知，设空处位于段首，是本段的主题句，应对该段内容进行概括。根据下文Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in.可知，下文提到了让孩子参与项目，所以本段主要是讲通过参与项目的方式来了解历史。B项（参与社区项目）中的Take part in与下文中的get involved in是同义表述，而下文中的Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees是对参与方式的具体举例说明。B项符合语境。
5.___
D
解析 前文Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like… 提到想出你想要加入史学档案中的内容，并列举了一些例子。D项（然后，把你自己的史学档案整理出来）符合语境，其中的historical record与本段首句中的historical record相呼应，为原词复现。故选D项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.significance n.重要性，意义
2.get… involved in 使……参加/加入
02
Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Favourable policies are in effect to encourage employees' ___________ （profession） development.
professional
解析 句意为：利好政策正在实施中，以促进员工的职业发展。此处作定语，修饰名词应用形容词。故填professional。
2.For_______ （far） details, please contact our local office.
further
解析 句意为：想知道更多的细节，请联系我们的当地办公室。根据句意，此处表示“更多的”，应用比较级further。故填further。
3.Chopsticks and forks, representing the Eastern and Western dietary cultures, deserve deeper ___________ （compare） and discussion.
comparison
解析 句意为：筷子和叉子代表了东西方的饮食文化，值得更深入的比较和讨论。此处与discussion并列，应用名词。故填comparison。
4.They want to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding ________ （history） and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate.
historic
解析 句意为：他们希望进一步教育人们保护历史和文化遗产的重要性，让子孙后代了解和欣赏。设空处与形容词cultural并列作名词relics的定语，应用形容词；根据语境可知，此处表示“史上著名（或重要）的；有历史意义的”，故填historic。
【易混辨析】historic与historical的区别
historic adj.历史（性）的；具有重大历史意义的；历史上著名（或重要）的
如：historic changes（历史性的变革） a historic building（具有历史意义的建筑）
historical adj.（有关）历史的；历史学的；基于历史的
如：a historical figure（历史人物） a historical novel（历史题材的小说）
5.By contrast, people with a diet high in __________ （process） food had a 58% higher risk of depression than those who ate natural food.
processed
解析 句意为：相比之下，饮食中富含加工食品的人比食用天然食品的人患抑郁症的风险高58%。设空处修饰名词food，所以应用形容词。故填processed，意为“加工过的”。
6.The company lost ?$7 million this quarter in contrast _______ a profit of ?$6.2 million a year earlier.
to/with
解析 句意为：这家公司本季度亏损了700万美元，与去年同期620万美元的盈利形成了对比。in contrast to/with为固定搭配，意为“与……形成对比”。故填to/with。
7.___my opinion, we should keep a balance among our study, rest and exercise.
In
解析 in one's opinion 为固定搭配，意为“依某人的看法”。故填In。
8.I'd appreciate it if you could forgive me ____ what I did.
for
解析 句意为：如果你能原谅我所做的一切，我会很感激的。forgive sb for sth为固定搭配，意为“原谅某人某事”。
9.We have entered into an age ______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
when
解析 句意为：我们已经进入一个最有可能实现梦想的时代。______ dreams have the best chance of coming true在此是定语从句，修饰先行词an age,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。
10.The best way to make a kid become independent is to put him in a position _______ he has no one else to turn to.
where
解析 _____ he has no one else to turn to在此是定语从句，修饰先行词position，关系词在定语从句中作抽象的地点状语。故填where。
根据提示补全句子。
1.技术发展是为了给人类提供高质量的生活而不是替代人类。（instead）
Technological development is to provide humans with a life ___ _____ _______ _______ ___ _________ them.
of
high
quality
instead
of
replacing
2.这篇论文试图将两位作家创作的历史小说作比较，以讨论他们在风格上的异同。
This paper tries to ______ ___ ___________ ________ the historical novels of the two authors and discuss the similarities and differences in their styles.
make
a
comparison
between
3.虽然作业没有以前那么繁重，但仍具有挑战性。（as… as…）
Although there is not ___ ______ __________ ___ before, it is still challenging.
as
much
homework
as
4.整个夏天，他都在需要他的地方做志愿者。（throughout; 定语从句）
_________ ____ ________, he worked as a volunteer ___ ____ ______ _______ he was needed.
Through
the
summer
in
the
place
where
5.据说，很多电脑游戏可以从网上免费下载。（it作形式主语）
___ ___ _____ _____ many computer games ____ ____ ___________ from the Internet free of charge.
It
is
said
that
can
be
downloaded
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.This is the shop in _______ my daughter works.
which
解析 此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是the shop，指物，设空处在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
2.None of us knew the reason _____ Tom was absent.
why
解析 句意为：我们中没人知道汤姆缺席的原因。先行词为reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导该从句。
3.The pencil _______ which he wrote was broken.
with/in
解析 此处为“介词+which”引导的定语从句，先行词是The pencil，固定搭配write with/in… 表示“用……（笔）写字”。故填with/in。
4.September 30 is the day ____ which you must pay your bill.
on
解析 句意为：九月三十日是你必须支付账单的日期。先行词为the day,分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处which指代the day，表示“在具体某一天”，搭配介词on。故填on。
5.We came to a place ___ which we had never paid a visit before.
to
解析 句意为：我们来到了一个从前没有参观过的地方。pay a visit to… 为固定搭配，意为“拜访/参观某地”，设空处与从句中的paid a visit构成固定搭配。故填to。
6.I want to find someone with _______ I can discuss books and music.
whom
解析 句意为：我想找到一个可与之谈论书籍和音乐的人。先行词为someone,指人，设空处在从句中作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词whom。
7.Creating an atmosphere _______ employees feel part of a team is of great importance.
where
解析 句意为：创造一种让员工感到自己是团队一员的氛围是非常重要的。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，为抽象地点名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在这种氛围中”，应用where引导该从句。
8.When you are always expecting more and always looking forward to a time ______ you'll be happy, you'll never be really happy.
when
解析 设空处引导定语从句，先行词为time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导该从句。
【知识拓展】time后定语从句的引导词
当time表示“一段时间”，且关系词在从句中作状语时，time后的定语从句用when或“at/during+which”引导；当time表示“次数”时，其后的定语从句用that引导，关系词也可省略。
9.As far as I'm concerned, Paris is the most unusual city _____ I have ever been to.
that
解析 句意为：就我而言，巴黎是我去过的最不寻常的城市。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作to的宾语，先行词为city,指物，且有形容词最高级修饰，只能使用关系代词that。故填that。
10.It is necessary to keep a diary of the things and people _____ are of great help to us in our life.
that
解析 句意为：写日记记下生活中对我们有很大帮助的人和事是很有必要的。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为the things and people，既有人又有物，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。
11.The reason __________ he explained for his being late was that his alarm clock didn't work.
which/that
解析 句意为：他解释他迟到的理由是他的闹钟坏了。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，关系词在从句中作explained的宾语，可用that或which引导该从句。故填which/that。
12.His grandma, without _______ help he couldn't have achieved so much, has passed away.
whose
解析 设空处引导定语从句，先行词为His grandma,关系词在从句中作名词help的定语，表示“如果没有祖母的帮助”，应用whose引导该从句。
[江西赣州2023高一期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's traditional tea-making techniques were 1_________ （official） recognised by UNESCO on November 29, 2022, when the techniques and associated social practices 2___________ （add） to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. With 43 items （项目） 3____ the list, China maintains its No.1 position in the field.
With the success of the application starting in March 2021, the list of world intangible cultural heritage has recognised the knowledge, skills, and practices 4__________ are about the management of tea gardens, picking of tea leaves, hand-made processing, and the drinking and 5________ （share） of tea.
officially
were added
on
which/that
sharing
The result has been widely praised by the Chinese public and experts because it is 6____ important step for conservation and promotion of traditional tea culture.“Chinese tea culture 7________ （become） widely known by people in many 8_________ （country） around the world years ago through the ancient Silk Road. The 9__________ （success） application of Chinese tea-making can further help improve 10____ （it） international influence,” Zheng Changling, secretary general of the China Folk Culture Innovation and Development Center, told the Global Times.
an
became
countries
successful
its
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录及由此产生的影响。
1._________
officially
解析 句意为：2022年11月29日，中国传统制茶技艺被联合国教科文组织正式承认，该技艺和相关社会习俗被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。设空处修饰were recognised，应用副词，意为“正式地”。故填officially。
2.___________
were added
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据语境可知，此处表示制茶技艺和相关社会习俗被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，从句主语和add之间为被动关系，从句谓语应用被动语态；由时间状语on November 29, 2022可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，因此设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态；从句主语the techniques and associated social practices为复数概念，谓语应用复数形式。故填were added。
3.____
on
解析 句意为：中国共有43个项目被列入该名录，位居该领域第一。表示“在名单上”时，list常搭配介词on。故填on。
4.__________
which/that
解析 句意为：自2021年3月申遗成功以来，世界非物质文化遗产名录已经认可了有关茶园管理、茶叶采摘、茶的手工制作，以及茶的饮用和分享的知识、技艺和实践。设空处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the knowledge, skills, and practices指物，应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。
【方法总结】如何分析语法填空中的定语从句
分析定语从句时，关键抓住三点：第一，找准先行词；第二，看关系词在定语从句中所作的成分；第三，选择关系代词或关系副词。先行词往往是名词、代词、整个主句或主句中的一部分，如本题中先行词为the knowledge, skills, and practices；再分析定语从句部分可知，此处为限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词指物，应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。
5.________
sharing
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处与前面的the management of tea gardens, picking of tea leaves和hand-made processing并列作about的宾语，表示“茶的饮用和分享”，应用share的动名词形式。故填sharing。
6.____
an
解析 句意为：这一成果受到了中国民众和专家的广泛赞誉，因为这是保护和推广传统茶文化的重要一步。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且important的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
7.________
became
解析 句意为：多年前，中国茶文化通过古丝绸之路被世界上许多国家的人们所熟知。由years ago可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填became。
8._________
countries
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处前有many修饰，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填countries。
9.__________
successful
解析 句意为：中国制茶的成功申报有助于进一步提高其国际影响力。设空处作定语，修饰名词application，应用形容词。故填successful。
10.____
its
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据语境可知，此处指代上文提到的Chinese tea culture，且此处修饰名词短语international influence，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
02
Period Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures—Reading for Writing
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[山西长治二中2022高一期末] A
Wind farms （风力发电场） and flyovers （立交桥） which block （遮挡） some of the country's most glorious views are the biggest threats to Britain's cultural heritage, Simon Thurley, former chief executive of English Heritage, has said. He said his “biggest challenge” was to find ways to stop the building of wind farms and other structures from blocking historic buildings and monuments.
He said, “My focus, and the focus of English Heritage, is to design ways that we can judge the effects of wind farms and other structures.” Dr Thurley said the laws on protecting monuments and historic buildings were “too old”.“Changes were needed to improve laws so that the views of the listed buildings were protected,” he told the audience at the Cheltenham Literature Festival.
Dr Thurley gave the example of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, where he said English Heritage was fighting plans to build a flyover that would block views of this historic cathedral.“The heritage law we have today was not designed to protect the views of Ely Cathedral,” he said.“It was designed to stop people pushing it down.”
Dr Thurley said his another challenge was getting the 1970's concrete （混凝土制的） buildings listed.“We have to work out which ones are worth saving because there's a lot of junk,” he said. He added that for years the government ministers had refused to allow them to be listed and viewed them as “monstrosities （巨大而丑陋之物）”, particularly Margaret Hodge, who refused to list any concrete buildings at all when she was Culture Minister.
But minister Ed Vaizey agreed to the listing of the “concrete huge building” of Preston Bus Station.
Dr Thurley also said that more than 400 buildings, which currently were owned and run by English Heritage, were going to be transferred to a charity.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英格兰遗产委员会在保护历史建筑和纪念碑方面所面临的挑战。
1.According to Simon Thurley, what is the biggest problem for Britain's cultural heritage ( )
C
A.There are too many wind farms and flyovers.
B.There is no way to protect historic buildings.
C.Wind farms and flyovers block some beautiful views.
D.Much of the cultural heritage has been damaged.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Wind farms and flyovers which block some of the country's most glorious views are the biggest threats to Britain's cultural heritage, Simon Thurley, former chief executive of English Heritage, has said.可知，西蒙认为英国的文化遗产面临的最大问题是风力发电场和立交桥挡住了国家一些美丽的风景，故选C。
2.Why does Dr Thurley think the laws need to be improved ( )
B
A.To protect monuments and historic buildings. B.To protect the views of the listed buildings.
C.To let people know more about the heritage. D.To get used to the new time and situation.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Changes were needed to improve laws so that the views of the listed buildings were protected可知，西蒙认为，需要完善法律来保护被列入名单的建筑物的景色，故选B。
3.What does the underlined word “transferred” in the last paragraph mean ( )
A
A.Given. B.Transported. C.Recommended. D.Changed.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Dr Thurley also said that more than 400 buildings, which currently were owned and run by English Heritage和画线词后的to a charity可知，目前由英格兰遗产委员会拥有和管理的400多栋建筑将被转让给一个慈善机构，因此画线词transferred的意思是“转让”，故选A。
4.Where is Dr Thurley's second challenge partly from ( )
C
A.The wind farm owners. B.All government ministers.
C.Margaret Hodge. D.Ed Vaizey.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的He added that for years the government ministers had refused… list any concrete buildings at all when she was Culture Minister.可知，西蒙的第二项挑战主要来自玛格丽特·霍奇，故选C。
长难句分析
句意：他补充说，多年来，政府部长们一直拒绝将它们列入名单，并将它们视为 “怪物”，尤其是玛格丽特·霍奇，她担任文化部长时，全然拒绝将任何混凝土建筑列入名单。
[广东汕头金山中学2022高一期末] B
Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries. Across 163 different countries, more than 1,000 natural and cultural historic places make up our most precious human heritage, which UNESCO calls World Heritage Sites.
We lose a little of that heritage every day. War, climate change and pollution have bad effects, as do wind and rain. The ?$4 million a year that UNESCO spends on preservation is not nearly enough to take care of even the four dozen sites considered to be at approaching risk of being lost forever. Now there's a better choice. New digital conservation technologies let us hold on to them, at least virtually, through 3-D scanning, modelling and digital storage. Such projects can be accomplished through cooperation between governments, universities, industries and non-profit organisations.
To make a 3-D model, a laser （激光） scanner bounces light off an object and records the results. To reproduce every corner and opening, the scanner collects overlapping （重叠的） images from all possible angles. A computer then sews them together into one large surface image and draws lines from one point to another to create a wireframe model. High-resolution digital cameras add colour and texture. When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.
These scans do more than preserving a memory in a database. With highly accurate measurements, archaeologists （考古学家） can find hidden passages or reveal ancient engineering tricks. School kids can explore places they might otherwise never see. And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there. More than 100 World Heritage Sites have already been preserved through 3-D models, and conservationists are racing to record as much as possible.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D技术可以用于对历史遗迹的保存，说明了3D模型的制作过程以及3D技术的应用。
1.How does the author show the necessity for 3-D digital libraries in the Paragraph 2 ( )
A
A.By listing the threats to our human heritage.
B.By introducing some damaged historic sites.
C.By quoting some experts' views on heritage protection.
D.By explaining UNESCO's research on World Heritage Sites.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中We lose a little of that heritage every day.War, climate change and pollution have bad effects, as do wind and rain.可推知，作者在第二段通过列举各种因素对人类遗产的威胁来说明3D数字图书馆的必要性。故选A项。
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about ( )
C
A.The function of a laser scanner. B.The reflection of light off an object.
C.The process of making a 3-D model. D.The development of 3-D digital technology.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第三段中To make a 3-D model, a laser scanner bounces light off an object and records the results.和When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.可知，第三段主要介绍了制作3D模型的过程。故选C项。
3.What can we do through 3-D scanning according to this passage ( )
D
A.Visit places of interest. B.Solve climate change.
C.Repair an old painting. D.Reconstruct a ruined site.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there.可知，3D扫描可以重建被毁坏的遗址。故选D项。
4.What does the author intend to say through this text ( )
C
A.Never ignore the destructive power of war.
B.Take action to reduce pollution in historic places.
C.Take advantage of 3-D technology to keep history.
D.Invest more money to preserve World Heritage Sites.
解析 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries.可知，文章主要介绍了3D技术可以用于对历史遗迹的保存，说明了3D模型的制作过程以及3D技术的应用。由此可推知，作者想通过这篇文章表达利用3D技术保存历史的观点。故选C项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.preservation n.保护；维护；保存
2.conservation n.保护
词缀拓展
re- prefix 再；又；重新
reproduce v.再现；再生产；复制；繁殖
reconstruct vt.重建；修复
[云南师大附中2023高一期中] When Shao Tianshuai was 14, her dance teacher told her she had expressive eyes and an oval face, which were best suited for Kunqu Opera. She didn't pay much . .1. . to the commendation until her mother . .2. . her to give the opera a try.
In 2001, Shao . .3. . to The Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre in Beijing and came out with flying colours. The theater company is the only . .4. . platform in northern China devoted to Kunqu, an existing form of Chinese opera with a history of around 600 years.
Kunqu Opera, like many traditional Chinese operas, is . .5. . from one generation to another through singing demonstrations. It takes years to . .6. . basic skills, only after which performers can try and build their own . .7. ..
“This type of opera was on the edge of decline （衰退） and the theatre only had a dozen performances a year before I had a tryout there,” says Shao.“However, the UNESCO tag brought . .8. . life to the art. The opera received government support and attracted the attention of young audiences.”
Usually, Shao performs her regular shows.. .9. ., she arranges training for young performers and . .10. . creating new pieces. Now, she is one of the leading . .11. . of The Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre and gives . .12. . 100 performances a year. Shao says, “In order to build up a young fan base, we use social media platforms and create original Kunqu Opera pieces, which . .13. . young people without changing the . .14. . of the art.”
“The heartwarming part is that so many young people like Kunqu Opera performances, whether online or offline. They are . .15. . to learn and explore, and as actors we cannot ask for more,” says Shao.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国昆曲非遗传承人邵天帅的故事。
1.( )A.attention B.access C.effort D.emphasis
A
解析 根据上文her dance teacher told her she had expressive eyes and an oval face, which were best suited for Kunqu Opera和下文until her mother _____ her to give the opera a try可知，在她妈妈劝她试一试昆曲表演之前，邵天帅对这份称赞都不太关注。pay attention to意为“关注”，attention符合语境。故选A项。access意为“入口；获得的机会；使用权”；effort意为“努力；精力”；emphasis意为“重点”。
2.( )A.aided B.persuaded C.requested D.begged
B
解析 根据下文to give the opera a try可知，这是妈妈对她的劝说，劝她试一试。persuade意为“劝说；劝服”，符合语境。故选B项。aid意为“协助；帮助”；request意为“请求；要求”；beg意为“乞求；恳求”。
3.( )A.stood B.asked C.fought D.applied
D
解析 根据下文中的before I had a tryout there可知，此处表示邵天帅向北方昆曲剧院提出了申请。故选D项。
4.( )A.professional B.international C.economical D.technical
A
解析 根据语境和下文中的in northern China devoted to Kunqu可知，北方昆曲剧院是中国北方唯一一个致力于昆曲艺术的专业平台。professional意为“专业的”，符合语境。故选A项。international意为“国际的”；economical意为“经济的”；technical意为“技术的”。
5.( )A.turned down B.set down C.passed down D.settled down
C
解析 根据下文from one generation to another through singing demonstrations可知，此处表示和其他戏曲艺术一样，昆曲艺术一代代传承下来。pass down意为“把……往下传”，符合语境。故选C项。turn down意为“调小；拒绝”；set down意为“写下”；settle down意为“定居”。
6.( )A.master B.design C.admire D.track
A
解析 根据语境和常识可知，演员学习昆曲时需要很多年的练习来掌握基本技巧。master意为“精通；掌握”，符合语境。故选A项。admire意为“钦佩；羡慕”；track意为“追踪；跟踪”。
7.( )A.audiences B.companies C.hobbies D.styles
D
解析 根据上文It takes years to _____ basic skills, only after which performers can try… 可知，演员在掌握了基本技能之后，才能试着建立自己的表演风格。故选D项。
8.( )A.smart B.new C.vivid D.confident
B
解析 根据上文中的This type of opera was on the edge of decline以及后文的The opera received government support and attracted the attention of young audiences.可知，前后表示转折，上文提到这种类型的戏曲正处于衰落的边缘，此处表示联合国教科文组织将昆曲列入“人类非物质文化遗产”名录给了昆曲新生。new意为“新的”，符合语境。故选B项。
9.( )A.For reference B.For instance C.In addition D.In advance
C
解析 根据上文Usually, Shao performs her regular shows.和空后的she arranges training for young performers可知，此处表示除了常规的表演之外，邵天帅还给年轻的演员们安排训练。in addition意为“除此之外”，符合语境。故选C项。for reference意为“以供参考”；for instance意为“例如”；in advance意为“提前”。
10.( )A.holds on B.counts on C.lives on D.focuses on
D
解析 根据下文中的create original Kunqu Opera pieces以及语境可知，邵天帅一直致力于将昆曲宣传出去，创作原创的昆曲片段，让更多年轻人了解昆曲。故此处表示邵天帅专注于创作新的节目。focus on意为“专注于”，符合语境。故选D项。hold on意为“紧握；抓牢；坚持”；count on意为“指望”；live on意为“靠……生活”。
11.( )A.hostesses B.creators C.actresses D.writers
C
解析 根据下文100 performances a year可知，邵天帅现在是北方昆曲剧院的主要演员之一。故选C项。
12.( )A.nearly B.merely C.clearly D.hardly
A
解析 根据语境并结合选项可知，邵天帅现在是北方昆曲剧院的主要演员之一，一年有近一百场演出。故选A项。
13.( )A.admit B.attract C.account D.attempt
B
解析 根据上文In order to build up a young fan base, we use social media platforms and create original Kunqu Opera pieces可知，这么做的目的是建立年轻的昆曲迷基础，吸引年轻人来了解昆曲艺术。attract意为“吸引”，符合语境。故选B项。account意为“认为是；视为”；attempt意为“试图；尝试”。
14.( )A.quantity B.form C.effect D.nature
D
解析 根据上文we use social media platforms and create original Kunqu Opera pieces可知，使用社交网络发表原创昆曲剧目，吸引年轻人的同时，不会改变的是艺术的本质。故选D项。
【知识拓展】nature熟词生义
n. 熟义：大自然 生义：本质；天性；本性
15.( )A.intelligent B.amazed C.determined D.cautious
C
解析 根据上文so many young people like Kunqu Opera performances可知，年轻人们喜欢昆曲表演，所以会决心学习和探索昆曲。determined意为“有决心的；意志坚定的”，符合语境。故选C项。intelligent意为“有智慧的”；cautious意为“谨慎的”。
词汇加油站
进阶词汇
on the edge of （不好的事）快要发生；在……的边缘
熟词生义
original adj.熟义：原始的；最初的 生义：原创的；独创的；新颖的
03
单元限时小卷
[福建福州2022高一期末质检] Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami, adding weight to the idea that they have a “sixth sense” of disasters, experts said on Thursday.
Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island's coast seemingly missed wildlife, with no dead animals found.
“No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare （野兔） or rabbit. I think animals can sense the disaster. They have a ‘sixth sense’.They know when things are happening,” H.D.Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka's Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday.
The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, Sri Lanka's biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants.“There has been a lot of evidence of dogs barking or birds migrating （迁徙） before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proved,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no specific studies because you can't really test it in a lab or a field setting,” he said. Other authorities agreed with this opinion.
建议用时：43分钟
“Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.
Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators （掠食动物）.The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence of Sri Lanka's damaged coast is likely to add to.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物似乎有一种第六感可以提前感知自然灾害从而使自己免受伤害。
1.What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami ( )
A
A.Many people died but wild animals survived. B.The “sixth sense” of wild animals developed.
C.Wild animals were killed or went missing. D.The coast was found in good condition.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，此次海啸中有很多人丧生，然而野生动物却幸免于难，故选A。
2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “detecting” in Paragraph 5 ( )
C
A.Taking up. B.Putting up. C.Picking up. D.Bringing up.
解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第五段画线词所在句可知，有很多关于鸟类注意到即将发生的灾难的报道，由此可推知，此处detecting的意思与前文的pick up（注意到）意思相近。take up意为“占据；开始从事”；put up意为“搭建；举起”；bring up意为“提出”。故选C。
3.What is the text mainly about ( )
A
A.It seems that animals can save themselves from natural disasters.
B.The different opinions about animals' natural power.
C.How to protect wildlife when disasters happen.
D.The serious damage of the Indian Ocean tsunami.
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段以及最后一段可知，全文都在围绕“动物逃脱了海啸，它们似乎有第六感，可以提前感知灾害”展开，所以文章主要介绍了动物似乎可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。故选A。
4.In which section of a newspaper can we read this text ( )
D
A.Travel. B.Custom. C.Culture. D.Discovery.
解析 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了印度洋海啸造成上万人丧生，而动物却能幸免，人们认为这得益于动物的“第六感”，这属于科学发现。由此可知，本文可能出现在报纸的“发现”版面上，故选D。
[湖南长沙长郡中学2023高一段测] You've finally climbed the ladder and earned your first management role. Now what Welcome to a new world with a new set of challenges. Chances are you were a top individual performer and that's why you were promoted to a management position. Ironically （讽刺地）, those skills aren't going to be of much use to you now.1. ..
It's all about your team.
Welcome to a world where your success is no longer dependent on your individual performance.2. ..You probably didn't worry too much if a colleague was struggling. Sure, you helped them out where you could but ultimately you had your own work to focus on. Now that struggler is pulling down your team's performance. Moving them up the performance curve is a key priority.
B
E
Communication is key.
Your team members aren't mind readers or robots. As a leader, you need to communicate with your team clearly and effectively.3. ..If your team doesn't know what you want from them, how can you expect them to deliver （履行职责） Learn to make the goal clear. This is more difficult than it sounds. You aren't leading a team of robots.4. ..A few well-placed words of encouragement or a well-timed check can make a huge difference to an employee having a tough time. Similarly, a small piece of public praise for a high-performing employee can remind the rest of the team that you do notice when they work hard and perform well.
Leadership isn't something you've mastered.5. .—that's the joy and frustration of leadership.
C
A
G
A.Your behaviour will have a big impact on employees' motivation
B.Let's take a quick look at a couple of the most important skills
C.Setting clear goals and expectations is a key part of leadership
D.Showing genuine relationships will ultimately lead to complete success
E.You will only succeed by ensuring that every member of your team is succeeding
F.You'll have worked hard for your promotion and have rich experience in your chosen field
G.All leaders, no matter how skilful or experienced, are always working on improving their skills
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个好的团队领导需要学会的技能。
1.___
B
解析 上文说到被提升到管理职位之后，你之前拥有的技能现在用处不大，所以设空处应介绍有用处的技能，B项（让我们快速了解一些最重要的技能）承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
2.___
E
解析 上文说明成功不再取决于你个人的表现，E项（只有确保团队中的每个成员都成功，你才能成功）承接上文，说明成功与团队中的每个成员都有关，符合语境。故选E项。
3.___
C
解析 上文As a leader, you need to communicate with your team clearly and effectively.说明你要与团队进行清晰有效的沟通，下文If your team doesn't know what you want from them, how can you expect them to deliver 指出你要明确告知团队你的目标和期望，C项（设定明确的目标和期望是领导力的关键部分）承上启下。故选C项。
4.___
A
解析 下文说明你的言语和做法会如何对员工产生影响，是具体的例子，A项（你的行为会对员工的积极性产生很大的影响）引出下文，符合语境。故选A项。
5.___
G
解析 上文Leadership isn't something you've mastered.说明领导力不是你已经掌握的东西，所以你总是需要提升自己的技能，G项（所有的领导者，无论多么熟练或经验丰富，都一直在努力提高自己的技能）承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。
[湖北武汉部分重点中学2023高一期末联考] I was so excited when Mrs Burks announced we were going to the skating rink （旱冰场）.I'd never been roller-skating and really wanted to learn how to skate.
When we got there, everyone . .1. . inside. Some of us rented our skates and soon began lacing them up （用带子将……系紧）.Then, everyone but me . .2. . away from the wall and started skating.. .3. . on to the handrail, I pulled myself along the side as I tried moving my legs back and forth. After a few failed . .4. . Mrs Burks skated over to me.
“When you start to . .5. ., relax. If you struggle to keep from falling, you'll be more . .6. . to hurt yourself,” said Mrs Burks.
Mrs Burks . .7. . for one of my hands. I calmed myself down and . .8. . her warm hand. As we moved away from the wall, she called out, “Take a deep . .9. ..Move your foot forward at an angle and then do the . .10. . thing with the other foot.” I tried to follow her . .11. . in every way.“That's good! You're moving your feet like you should. But remember to relax when you start to go down. Let's try again,” Mrs Burks said.
So I did. When I lost my balance, I . .12. . crumpled （倒下） to the floor. Mrs Burks was right! It didn't . .13. . that much. I was able to get up faster and try again.
Later I began to see how Mrs Burks' instructions worked for other . .14. ..As long as I kept trying to do my best, I could learn something even when I . .15. ..I could get back up, try again, and understand it's all right to fall.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次学习滑旱冰的经历，这段经历让作者明白只要努力，即使失败，也能从中学到一些东西。
1.( )A.played B.laughed C.rushed D.wandered
C
解析 根据上文内容可知，伯克斯夫人宣布大家要去旱冰场时，作者很兴奋，想学习滑旱冰；根据下文中的soon began lacing them up可知，大家迫不及待地冲进旱冰场。rush意为“迅速移动”，符合语境。
2.( )A.escaped B.flew C.jumped D.rolled
D
解析 根据上文中的rented our skates and soon began lacing them up及下文中的started skating可知，除了作者，其他人穿好旱冰鞋后都滑走了。roll意为“（有轮子的东西）滚动”，此处指旱冰鞋的轮子滚动，符合语境。
3.( )A.Holding B.Sitting C.Standing D.Lying
A
解析 这是作者第一次去滑旱冰，应该是抓住扶手，尝试滑旱冰。hold on to sth意为“抓紧某物”，符合语境。
4.( )A.trips B.tries C.performances D.walks
B
解析 根据上文中的I'd never been roller-skating和下文中的Let's try again及try again可知，这是作者第一次滑旱冰，此处应指作者几次尝试都失败了。try意为“尝试；试图；努力”，符合语境。
5.( )A.smile B.fall C.learn D.rest
B
解析 根据下文中的If you struggle to keep from falling… 可知，伯克斯夫人告诉作者快要跌倒时要放松。fall意为“摔倒”，符合语境。
6.( )A.nervous B.serious C.likely D.annoyed
C
解析 伯克斯夫人告诉作者，在快要摔倒时，如果你挣扎着不跌倒，你更有可能会伤到自己。likely意为“可能的”，符合语境。nervous意为“神经紧张的”；serious意为“严肃的；认真的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”。
7.( )A.turned B.stopped C.struggled D.reached
D
解析 根据下文中的I calmed myself down and _____ her warm hand.可知，作者抓住了伯克斯夫人的手，由此可知，此处指伯克斯夫人向作者伸出了手。reach意为“伸；伸手”，符合语境。
8.( )A.grabbed B.touched C.ignored D.expected
A
解析 上文中的Mrs Burks _____ for one of my hands.说明伯克斯夫人在作者几次尝试失败后，主动伸出手来帮作者，此处应指作者抓住她温暖的手。grab意为“抓住”，符合语境。 touch意为“触摸”；ignore意为“忽视”；expect意为“期待”。
9.( )A.balance B.brain C.attempt D.breath
D
解析 根据上文中的I calmed myself down可知，此处是伯克斯夫人让作者深呼吸放松。take a deep breath为固定搭配，意为“深深吸一口气”，符合语境。balance意为“平衡”；attempt意为“尝试”。
10.( )A.opposite B.interesting C.same D.dangerous
C
解析 根据上文中的Move your foot forward at an angle and then及下文中的with the other foot可知，此处是伯克斯夫人教作者滑旱冰，用另一只脚做同样的事。same意为“同样的”，符合语境。opposite意为“对面的；相反的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；dangerous意为“危险的”。
11.( )A.examples B.instructions C.footsteps D.passions
B
解析 根据下文中的That's good! You're moving your feet like you should.But remember to relax… 及最后一段中的I began to see how Mrs Burks' instructions worked可知，此处指作者按照伯克斯夫人的指示学习滑旱冰。instruction意为“指示”，符合语境。
12.( )A.happily B.safely C.immediately D.violently
B
解析 根据上文中的So I did.及下文中的I was able to get up faster and try again.可知，作者摔倒后没有明显受伤，因此是安全地倒在了地上。safely意为“安全地，无伤害地”，符合语境。immediately意为“立即”；violently意为“暴力地”。
13.( )A.hit B.impress C.bother D.hurt
D
解析 根据上文内容可知，伯克斯夫人让作者摔倒时放松，再根据Mrs Burks was right! 及I was able to get up faster and try again.可知，作者听从伯克斯夫人的指导，摔倒时没有感到很疼。hurt意为“感到疼痛”，符合语境。hit意为“打；击”；impress意为“给……留下深刻的好印象”；bother意为“打扰；麻烦”。
14.( )A.sports B.skates C.challenges D.chances
C
解析 根据下文中的I could get back up, try again, and understand it's all right to fall.可知，遭遇失败时，作者会振作起来，再一次尝试，此处指作者后来意识到在遇到其他挑战时，伯克斯夫人的指示同样奏效。challenge意为“挑战”，符合语境。
15.( )A.failed B.quit C.cried D.dropped
A
解析 根据下文中的understand it's all right to fall可知，此处指作者认为只要自己一直尽最大努力，即使失败了也能学到一些东西。fail意为“失败”，符合语境。
[皖豫名校联盟2023高一联考] More wild bird species have appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, after bird-watchers and the forestry department protected their habitats.
Since 2014, the number of black storks （黑鹳）, which are under first-class national protection, 1. . （rise）.Bird-watchers can see dozens 2. . them overwintering in Wuhan every year. In 2021, the local government banned （禁止） business, motor vehicles and camping in the Tianxingzhou Wetland, 3. . island with many places to visit.4. . （draw） more attention to these birds, the city's environmental organisation has set up a project.
In the past five years, Wuhan has returned about 6,333 hectares of fishponds and about 667 hectares of farmland to wetland. And in the past two years, Wuhan has spent 120 million yuan 5. . （protect） the Chenhu Wetland, a nature reserve listed as being of international 6. . （important） by the Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands. Now, many birds can 7. . （see） in the lake's wetland.
has risen
of
an
To draw
protecting
importance
be seen
The Wuhan Bird Watching Society has been monitoring （监测） the number and habitats of each wild bird species.“It's interesting to observe all kinds of birds, listen to ‘bird talk’ and experience wild fun in the city,” said Yan Jun, 8. . is the head of the society.
Birds are frequent 9. . （visitor） to wetland and an important part of the ecosystem. Their population size and activity status and the local environment are 10. . （close） connected, Yan said. And he also said, “Though birds can't speak, they vote with their feet.”
who
visitors
closely
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湖北武汉的鸟类保护活动，在鸟类观察者和林业部门对其栖息地进行保护后，武汉出现了更多的野生鸟类物种。
1._________
has risen
解析 句意为：自2014年以来，受国家一级保护的黑鹳的数量有所上升。分析句子结构可知，本句为包含一个which引导的非限制性定语从句的主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语，由时间状语Since 2014可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为the number of black storks，表示“黑鹳的数量”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has risen。
2.___
of
解析 句意为：观鸟者每年都能看到许多黑鹳在武汉越冬。dozens of是固定短语，意为“许多”。故填of。
3.____
an
解析 句意为：2021年，当地政府禁止在天兴洲湿地开展商业、驾驶机动车辆和进行露营活动，天兴洲湿地是一个有很多旅游景点的岛屿。分析句子结构可知，_____ island with many places to visit为the Tianxingzhou Wetland的同位语，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且island的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
4._________
To draw
解析 句意为：为了引起人们对这些鸟类的更多关注，武汉市的环保组织设立了一个项目。此处为目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填To draw。
5.__________
protecting
解析 句意为：在过去的两年里，武汉花费了1.2亿元来保护沉湖湿地，这是一个被《湿地公约》秘书处列为具有国际重要性的自然保护区。spend some time （in） doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。故填protecting。
6.___________
importance
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为“be of +抽象名词”结构，相当于be important；且设空处前有形容词international修饰，应用名词形式。故填importance。
7.________
be seen
解析 句意为：现在，在沉湖湿地可以看到许多鸟类。此处与can构成本句的谓语，主语birds和see之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前有情态动词，谓语中的be动词用原形。故填be seen。
8._____
who
解析 句意为：该协会会长颜军说：“观察各种鸟类，听‘鸟语’，体验城市中的野生乐趣，这很有意思。”设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yan Jun，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
9.________
visitors
解析 句意为：鸟类是湿地的常客，也是生态系统的重要组成部分。visitor是可数名词，空前无限定词修饰，且根据Birds可知，此处应用复数名词。故填visitors。
10._______
closely
解析 句意为：颜军说，它们的种群数量和活动状况与当地环境密切相关。修饰形容词connected应用副词，表示“密切地”。故填closely。
随着经济的发展,越来越多的文化遗产遭到破坏。假设你是红星中学的高中生李华,请给当地英文报社写一封信,就以下两个方面谈谈你的看法。
要点:1.文化遗迹的重要性；
2.呼吁人们保护文化遗产。
注意:1.要涵盖所给要点,词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor,
I am Li Hua, a senior student from Hongxing High School. Nowadays, more and more cultural relics 1. . （面临着消失的危险）.So we must 2. . （重视） the problem and try our best to protect them.
First, cultural relics represent our historic cultures, 3. . （它们给我们提供了一个很好的机会） to learn about what happened in the past. Also, they can help us 4. . （使我们的传统文化被传承下去） from generation to generation.5. . （更重要的是）, most of them have survived for a long time and they are usually very rare and valuable.
So I hope more and more people will 6. . （关心） protecting our cultural relics.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
are facing the danger of disappearing
attach importance to
which offer us a great opportunity/chance
make our traditional cultures handed/passed down
More importantly
become/be concerned about/with
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.pick up 注意到；识别出；辨认
2.rely on 依赖；依靠
3.earn vt.获得；赢得；博得
4.promote vt.提升；晋升；促进；推广
进阶词汇
1.add weight to 为……增加说服力；为……增加影响力
2.ultimately adv.最后；最终
3.priority n.优先处理的事；当务之急
4.vote with one's feet 用去或不去某处表示想法