外研版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature单元习题课件(共102张PPT)

(共102张PPT)
必修第一册
Unit 6 At one with nature
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Our cooperation will be mutually beneficial and will help keep ________ （region） peace.
regional
解析 句意为：我们的合作是互利共赢的，将有助于维护地区和平。设空处修饰名词peace，应用形容词作定语，故填regional。
2.Many of the world’s ___________（agriculture） industries experience constant water shortages.
agricultural
解析 句意为：世界上许多农业产业都经历着持续的水资源短缺。根据空后的名词industries可知，此处用形容词来修饰名词，作定语，意为“农业的”。故填agricultural。
3.The heavy rain prevented us ______ going on with our work.
from
解析 句意为：大雨让我们不能继续工作。prevent sb from doing sth为固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。
4.Human life is regarded as part of nature, so the only way for us to survive is to live ___ harmony with nature.
in
解析 句意为：人类生命被视为大自然的一部分，因此，我们想要生存下去的唯一途径是与大自然和谐相处。in harmony with… 为固定搭配，意为“与……和谐相处”。故填in。
5.Last week, we visited Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, which is home ___ giant pandas.
to
解析 句意为：上周，我们参观了成都大熊猫繁育研究基地，那里是大熊猫的家园。be home to… 意为“是……的家园”。故填to。
6.Drinking too much does harm ___ our health, but some people don't care.
to
解析 do harm to… 为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”。故填to。
7.The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases of different _________ （dynasty） on show there.
dynasties
解析 句意为：这个展览很值得一看，你可以在那里看到在展出的不同朝代的精美花瓶。根据语境和空前的different可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填dynasties。
8.The book, _________ （design） for young adults, turned out to be popular.
designed
解析 design在此作后置定语修饰The book，应用非谓语形式，与所修饰的词The book之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填designed。
9.With about half of the vast country ________ （cover） in wilderness, China is the world’s third most species-rich country.
covered
解析 句意为：中国是世界第三大生物多样性最丰富的国家，大约一半的国土是荒野。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处作宾补，about half of the vast country与cover之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填covered。
10.Plenty of attention ______________ （pay） by the government to safety issues of the children on school buses recently.
has been paid
解析 句意为：最近政府对校车上的孩子们的安全问题给予了大量的关注。根据时间状语recently可知，本句为现在完成时，主语Plenty of attention与pay之间为被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态。attention不可数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has been paid。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这是一年中最重要的时刻，传统习俗代代相传。
It’s the most important time of the year; traditions and customs ____ _______ ______ ________ ____ _______________.
are
passed
down
through
the
generations/ages
2.他在抨击那部电影之前都懒得费神欣赏。（trouble）
He did not ____ ___ ____ _______ ___ __________ the film before he attacked it.
go
to
the
trouble
to
see/watch
3.令我印象最深的是那个男孩冒着生命危险去救一个小女孩。（strike; what引导主语从句）
______ _______ ____ ______ _____ _____ the boy risked his life to save a little girl.
What
struck
me
most
was
that
4.今年春运高峰期有大约30亿人次出行，高铁在这次人口大迁移中发挥了重要作用。（with 复合结构）
This year’s Spring Festival travel rush saw about 3 billion people taking trips, _____ __________ ______ ________ ____ _________ _____ in the population migration.
with
high-speed
trains
playing
an
important
role
5.就是在他得到它之后，他意识到它并不那么重要。（强调句）
___ _____ _____ ____ ____ ___ _____ he realised it was not so important.
It
was
after
he
got
it
that
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Imagine the colours of mountains vary depending 1. . different seasons. It was because of the linked-together rice terraces on the mountains.
2. . （locate） in Guangxi, the Longji Rice Terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people. The construction of the terraces began in the Yuan Dynasty, and continued until the early Qing Dynasty when the work 3. . （complete）.
The main reason for building the terraces was that there 4. . （be） few large, flat areas of land in the region. They turned mountains into terraces to increase the land for rice. Besides, the flat terraces can prevent the soil from being washed away.
on/upon
Located
was completed
were
What’s the most significant, the design of the terraces is 5. . clever that there are hundreds of waterways connected together, making rainwater move into the terraces. The rainwater is turned into vapour by the sun, 6. ., in turn, becomes rain to irrigate the terraces. These terraces are home to birds and fish, some of which can get rid of harmful insects to protect crops.
As well as 7. . （it） amazing scenery, Longji is also the area to visit to experience China's traditional culture. The people there attached 8. . （significant） to traditions. Although modern technology develops 9. . （rapid）, they will pass down ancient
10. . （method）of agriculture from generation to generation.
so
which
its
significance
rapidly
methods
1.________
on/upon
解析 depend on/upon为固定搭配，故填on/upon。
2.________
Located
解析 locate在此应用非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语the Longji Rice Terraces是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填Located。
3.______________
was completed
解析 complete在此是when引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，与主语之间是被动关系，叙述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was completed。
4.______
were
解析 此处是there be 句型，主语是few large, flat areas of land，所以be动词应用复数形式，且由前面的was可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填were。
5.___
so
解析 句意为：最重要的是，梯田的设计非常巧妙，因此有数百条水路相连…… “so+形容词/副词+that…”意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。
6._______
which
解析 _____, in turn, becomes rain to irrigate the terraces为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vapour，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
7.____
its
解析 此处作定语修饰名词scenery，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
8.___________
significance
解析 此处在attached后作宾语，应用名词形式。attach significance to 意为“重视;看重”。故填significance。
9._______
rapidly
解析 修饰动词develops应用副词。故填rapidly。
10.________
methods
解析 method意为“方法”，为可数名词，设空处前没有限定词修饰，且根据语境可知，此处表示泛指的复数概念，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填methods。
[辽宁名校联盟2023高一联考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Living Root Bridge has been included in the Tentative List of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The root bridges are in the Meghalaya region of northeast India. The region gets a lot of rainfall and is one of the wettest 1. . （area） on Earth. That creates 2. . number of lakes, rivers and waterfalls, 3. . （make） it difficult to build roads in the area. However, for hundreds of years the local Khasi people have been trying 4. . （they） best to grow root bridges across rivers and streams to make it much 5. . （easy） for them to move around the area.
areas
a
making
their
easier
The bridges 6. . （build） by stretching （拉长） the roots of living trees over the river and winding them around bamboo structures to guide them in the particular 7. . （direct）.The roots can take up to 20 years 8. . （grow） into a complete bridge.
The India government has suggested Meghalaya’s root bridges should be added 9. . the UNESCO World Heritage List, 10. . means they will be recognised officially. The root bridges will attract more tourists and money to the area, just like Egypt’s pyramids （金字塔） or the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
are built
direction
to grow
to
which
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在印度东北部的梅加拉亚地区，当地人利用树根建成天然桥梁，这种“树根桥”已经被选入联合国教科文组织世界遗产预备名单。
1.______
areas
解析 句意为：该地区雨量充沛，是地球上最潮湿的地区之一。此处为“one of+the+形容词最高
级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”。故填areas。
2.___
a
解析 句意为：那就使此地形成大量的湖泊、河流和瀑布，使得修路变得十分困难。此处为固定短语a number of，表示“大量的”，修饰可数名词复数。故填a。
【易错警示】本题可能会误填the，但a number of和the number of的用法有区别。“a number of +可数名词复数”表示“大量的……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of +可数名词复数”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
3.________
making
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处前的部分语义和成分均完整，句中谓语为creates，且设空处与其之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
4._____
their
解析 句意为：然而，几百年来，当地的卡西族一直在尽其最大努力在河流和小溪上方种植树根桥，使他们更容易在该地区四处走动。固定短语try one’s best to do sth表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”。故填their。
5.______
easier
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处作宾补，且前有much修饰；结合语境可知，此处表示比较含义，表示与种植树根桥之前相比更容易行走，应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。
6._________
are built
解析 句意为：这些桥是通过拉长河上活树的根，将它们缠绕在竹结构上来引导其向特定方向（生长）而建造的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时；本句中主语是The bridges，为复数形式，动词build与主语之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are built。
7._________
direction
解析 句意见上一题解析。表示“朝……方向”为in… direction。故填direction。
8.________
to grow
解析 句意为：树根需要多达20年才能长成一座完整的桥。take sth to do sth是固定搭配，意为“做某事需要花费……（时间）”。故填to grow。
9.___
to
解析 句意为：印度政府建议将梅加拉亚邦的树根桥列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，这意味着它们将被正式承认。固定短语add… to… 表示“将……添加到……中”，此处为其被动形式。故填to。
10._______
which
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为has suggested后的宾语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[河北邢台2023高一期末] A
A New Viewing Platform at Camley Street Natural Park
There’s a new viewing platform added to Camley Street Natural Park. The platform is designed to bring architecture （建筑设计） and nature close together. It is a peaceful place to relax and helps people discover nature, especially wildlife. You’ll have a chance to see several kinds of birds if you’re lucky.
The Foundation
The platform is founded with the help of the New Architects: Finland_UK Exchange Programme, which brings together new architectural talents from Finland and the UK to explore cities’ ever-changing relationship with water.
The Design
The platform is designed by a team of young Finnish architects. The inspiration comes from the rocky islands off the Nordic Coast Line. For Finns, these islands are places to relax the mind and get away from busy city life. The platform offers Londoners a chance to experience this escape.
To find out more about the inspiration for the design, please visit www.kingscross.co.uk/viewpoint.
The Extra Use
The platform is also an important new learning base for Camley Street Natural Park. It will be used as an outdoor classroom and a place to host workshops for school children. It will give children views of the canal and its wildlife and a chance of getting close to nature.
Local schools can contact here to learn more.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了卡姆利街自然公园的一个新观景平台。
1.What do we know about the platform ( )
A
A.It is quiet and calm. B.It is changeable and dangerous.
C.It separates architecture from nature. D.It can be used for feeding wild animals.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is a peaceful place to relax and helps people discover nature, especially wildlife.可知，这个平台安静而平和。故选A项。
2.What is the platform used to do ( )
C
A.Explore countryside. B.View all kinds of sports games.
C.Experience nature and relax oneself. D.Act as a classroom for adults and children.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is a peaceful place to relax and helps people discover nature, especially wildlife.以及The Extra Use部分中的It will give children views of the canal and its wildlife and a chance of getting close to nature.可知，这个平台是用来体验自然、放松身心的。故选C项。
3.Where is the text probably found ( )
A
A.On a website. B.In a textbook.
C.In a course plan. D.On a technology platform.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章标题A New Viewing Platform at Camley Street Natural Park和The Design部分中的To find out more about the inspiration for the design, please visit www.kingscross.co.uk/viewpoint.以及文章最后一句Local schools can contact here to learn more.可知，本文是网站上介绍卡姆利街自然公园新观景平台的广告。故选A项。
B
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）.
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究指出，加利福尼亚州的大树已经减少了一半之多。该研究还发现，导致大树数量减少的原因有许多，其中包括伐木业的发展、房地产开发、过度的野外火灾控制措施以及由气候变化导致的缺水等。
1.What is the second paragraph mainly about ( )
A
A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B.The increasing variety of California big trees.
C.The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D.The influence of farming on big trees in California.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests… No area was spared or unaffected… 以及该段列举的数据可知，加利福尼亚州森林里的大树数量锐减，并且没有地区幸免于难。所以该段主要讲的是加利福尼亚州的森林里的大树数量严重减少，故选A项。
2.Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees ( )
D
A.Ecological studies of forests. B.Banning woodcutting.
C.Limiting housing development. D.Fire control measures.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.可知，过度的野外火灾控制措施使加利福尼亚州的森林中长满了与大树竞争资源的小树苗。由此可知，原本用意良好的火灾控制措施却给大树造成了威胁，故选D项。
3.What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre ( )
C
A.Inadequate snowmelt. B.A longer dry season.
C.A warmer climate. D.Dampness of the air.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，导致加利福尼亚州森林缺水的最主要的因素是气温不断升高和积雪过早融化。前者会导致树木向空气中蒸腾更多水分，而后者在干旱季节里会减少对树木的水分供应。结合常识可知，气温升高和积雪过早融化是由气候变暖导致的，故由此推知，麦金太尔认为导致森林缺水的主要因素是气候变暖，故选C项。
4.What can be a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A.California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D.Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加利福尼亚州的森林地区大树数量减少的现状，随后分析了大树总量减少的原因，故A项（加利福尼亚州的森林：大树都去哪里了？）最适合作为本文的标题。
【方法总结】最佳标题的选择
标题是文章的点睛之笔，选择最佳标题在阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，即在通读全文的基础上，分析文章大意及作者意图。通常情况下，标题具有概括性、针对性和醒目性的特征。概括性指标题应最大程度上概括文章的核心内容；针对性即标题要指向文章的主要特点；醒目性指的是标题要设计新颖，能吸引读者的兴趣。
长难句分析
句意：研究人员利用一种计算机模型计算出了水分胁迫，该模型将降水、大气温度、土壤湿度以及融雪时间等因素考虑在内，从而计算出树木获得的水分和它们所需的水分之间的对比。
What do you imagine when you think of a forest You probably imagine a vast area of land covered with trees. But as many traditional forests are destroyed, tiny forests—some as small as a tennis court—have sprung up in cities around the world. 1. .
These mini forests are inspired by Akira Miyawaki. He’s a botanist, or plant scientist from Japan who pioneered a special way of growing forests. 2. . It involves planting a wide variety of native trees close together and leaving them to grow into a forest. Miyawaki has planted more than 1, 000 of these in Japan and other countries.
The Miyawaki method is said to grow trees 10 times faster than other methods. 3. . That’s according to a 2018 study by Wageningen University, in the Netherlands. The study says the diversity（多样性）of tree species attracts a greater variety of insects looking for food and shelter.
G
A
F
4. . Boomforest is an organisation in Paris, France. It planted two forests using the Japanese botanist’s method. The group also teaches people how they can grow their own mini forests. In the Netherlands, IVN Nature Education has helped communities build 100 forests using the Miyawaki method. The group also educates kids about tiny forests.
Simon Lewis, a professor of global change science at University College London, is excited about tiny forests. He explains that it’s important to grow trees because they absorb carbon dioxide. 5. . He hopes more people will use the Miyawaki method to plant mini forests.
D
C
A.It’s known as the Miyawaki method.
B.It plans to double that number by 2022.
C.That’s a gas that contributes to climate change.
D.The Miyawaki method has become popular in Europe.
E.Lewis points to trees grown and cut down to make paper.
F.And these tiny forests are more biodiverse than traditional forests.
G.They’re increasing the variety of wildlife and fighting climate change.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着许多传统森林遭到破坏，一些像网球场那么大的微型森林在世界各地的城市中如雨后春笋般出现，它们不仅能增加生物多样性，也能应对气候变化。
1.___
G
解析 设空处是首段尾句，上句中的tiny forests... have sprung up in cities around the world提到微型森林，G项（它们正在增加野生动植物的种类并应对气候变化）继续说明微型森林的好处，且能很好地引起下文，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。
2.___
A
解析 空后一句以代词It开始，故设空处的内容要提到It指代的内容；空前一句介绍一位日本植物学家开创了一种特殊的森林种植方式，A项（这种方法被称为宫胁造林法）点明上述所说的这种特殊方式，空后的It指代的即为A项中的the Miyawaki method。
3.___
F
解析 空前一句The Miyawaki method is said to grow trees 10 times faster than other methods.介绍宫胁造林法的优势，F项（这些微型森林比传统森林更具有生物多样性）也围绕这种方法的优势展开，且与本段的最后一句相呼应。故选F项。
4.___
D
解析 设空处是段落首句，应为段落主旨句，下文提到了法国的“Boomforest”和荷兰的“IVN Nature Education”这两个组织，D项（宫胁造林法已经在欧洲流行起来）表明宫胁造林法在欧洲很受欢迎，能够很好地概括本段内容。故选D项。
5.___
C
解析 空前一句He explains that it’s important to grow trees because they absorb carbon dioxide.中提到树木可以吸收二氧化碳，C项（那是一种导致气候变化的气体）进一步介绍二氧化碳这种气体，与上文衔接紧密。故选C项。
词汇加油站
1.spring up 突然出现；突然兴起
2.pioneer vt.开创，开发;倡导
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Laughter has been shown to have many __________ （benefit） effects on the human body.
beneficial
解析 句意为：大笑已被证明对人体有许多有益的影响。设空处修饰名词effects，应填形容词，意为“有益的”,故填beneficial。
2.If the heroes of today for young people ___________ （limit） only to rock stars and actors, the future does not look too bright.
are limited
解析 句意为：如果当今年轻人心目中的英雄仅限于摇滚明星和演员，那么未来看来不太光明。be limited to... 意为“局限于……”。从句主语为heroes，且此处为客观陈述，故填are limited。
3.You’d better do some sports every day so that you can keep yourself _________ （energy）.
energetic
解析 句意为：你最好每天留些时间运动以使自己精力充沛。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，根据语境，设空处表示“精力充沛的”，故应用形容词作宾补。故填energetic。
4.We need more feedback from the __________（consume）in order to improve our goods.
consumers
解析 句意为：为了改进我们的产品，我们需要更多来自消费者的反馈。设空处作介词from的宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“消费者的反馈”，所以设空处应填名词consumer,表示“消费者”，且应使用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填consumers。
5.The start of a new year is a good time to reflect ________ the progress and inadequacy of the past year.
on/upon
解析 句意为：新年伊始是认真思考过去一年中的进步与不足的好时机。reflect on/upon是固定搭配，意为“认真思考”，故填on/upon。
6.The study, which ______________（publish） in the Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, describes physical activity as a vigorous （强有力的） movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing.
was published
解析 句意为：这项发表在《体育科学与医学杂志》上的研究将体育活动描述为一种引起出汗和沉重呼吸的剧烈运动。设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语，结合语意可知，“发表”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，which指代先行词The study，publish与从句主语which之间是被动关系，且The study是单数，从句谓语也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填was published。
7.Rarely do her parents allow her ________ （have） junk food for the sake of her health.
to have
解析 句意为：为了她的健康，她父母很少允许她吃垃圾食品。allow sb to do sth为固定用法，意为“允许某人做某事；使某人做某事成为可能”。故填to have。
8.My teachers have given me much encouragement, ____ which I am very grateful.
for
解析 句意为：我的老师给了我很多鼓励，对此我很感激。be grateful for sth意为“对某事感激”。此处是“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填for。
9.The church, ___ which the ceiling was covered with colourful designs and pictures, was pulled down by the workers last week.
of
解析 句意为：这座教堂上周被工人拆掉了，它的天花板上布满了五颜六色的图案和图画。此处of which引导非限制性定语从句, of which the ceiling=the ceiling of which=whose ceiling。 故填of。
10.That’s the man without _______ help our club wouldn’t have existed.
whose
解析 without _____ help our club wouldn't have existed是定语从句， 关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰help。故填关系代词whose。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这种设备可以立刻在现场将垃圾变成清洁能源。
The device can _____ ______ _____ clean energy right on site.
turn
waste
into
2.与自然融为一体是指与自然世界有一种让你感觉良好的联系。
______ ___ _____ _____ _______ means having a connection with the natural world that makes you feel good.
Being
at
one
with
nature
3.这些建议应该得到支持，因为我们应该优先考虑儿童的需要。（priority）
The proposals deserve support as we should _____ ________ ___ the needs of children.
give
priority
to
4.不到比赛的最后几秒钟，结果都无法确定。
The outcome was ___ ______ until the final seconds of the game.
in
doubt
5.传统的火车购票方式已经被网络购票方式取代了。（replace）
_____ __________ _____ ___ buying train tickets has already _____ ________ ____ the one through the Internet.
The
traditional
way
of
been
replaced
by
6.在他看来，人工智能的广泛应用会导致一些人失去工作。（lead to）
In his opinion, the wide application of AI can _____ ___ ______ _______ _______ _____ _____.
lead
to
some
people
losing
their
jobs
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.The pencil _______ which he wrote was broken.
in/with
解析 此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是pencil，表示“用铅笔写”应该是write in/with the pencil, 故填in/with。
2.This is the shop in _______ my daughter works.
which
解析 in _____ 引导定语从句，先行词是shop, 关系代词在从句中作介词in的宾语。故填which。
3.September 30 is the day ____ which you must pay your bill.
on
解析 句意为：9月30日是你必须付款的日期。先行词为day, 分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处which指代the day，表示“在某天”，搭配介词on，故填on。
4.We came to a place ___ which we had never paid a visit before.
to
解析 句意为：我们来到了一个从前没有参观过的地方。pay a visit to… 为固定搭配，意为“拜访/参观某地”，设空处与从句中的paid a visit构成固定搭配，故填to。
5.I want to find someone with _______ I can discuss books and music.
whom
解析 句意为：我想找到一个可与之谈论书籍和音乐的人。先行词为someone, 关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语；此处为介词提前，关系代词指人，应填whom。
6.Written Chinese has also become an important means by _______ China’s present is connected with its past.
which
解析 句意为：汉语书面语也成了一种连接中国的现在与过去的重要手段。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词means指物，关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语，关系代词只能用which，不用that。故填which。
7.They are the very people ___ whom you can always turn for help.
to
解析 句意为：他们正是你可以随时寻求帮助的人。分析句子结构并结合空后的whom可知，此处为“介词+whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people；分析定语从句中的结构可知，turn to sb for help为固定搭配，意为“向某人寻求帮助”，此处把介词提到关系代词之前，故设空处应填介词to。
8.We need to have factual knowledge ________ which we could base our thinking.
on/upon
解析 句意为：我们需要有事实知识作为思考的基础。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处为“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为factual knowledge；base sth on/upon sth为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，故填on/upon。
9.The reason for _______ she changed her mind is quite clear.
which
解析 句意为：她改变主意的原因很清楚。定语从句的先行词为reason且从句缺少原因状语时，应用why或for which引导该从句，空前有介词for。故填which。
10.Creating a relaxed atmosphere in _______ employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge.
which
解析 句意为：创造一个轻松的氛围，让员工不那么害怕说出自己的观点是一项很大的挑战。定语从句的先行词是atmosphere，表示抽象的地点，从句中缺少地点状语，可以用where或者in which引导该从句，空前有介词in。故填which。
[山西长治二中2022高二期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A small town in England is teaching the world that it is important 1. . （grow） your own food. Any open space 2. . （use） to grow fruit and vegetables. There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrots here and there. Everyone can pick them 3. . free. Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden. She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden walls and put up a sign 4. . （say）, “Help yourself!” Today, Pam has 5. . （complete） changed the town. A new town has been born, 6. . is called “Incredible Edible Todmorden”. Pam explained why she thought the idea was popular. “It’s possible and positive. Many people know we have to change, 7. . how we do that is a question.” So one day, she gathered all the 8. . （villager） together. They decided to do something different at once. They didn’t write reports. They didn't ask for permission. They just did it. Only a short time 9. . （late）, Todmorden became a big garden of fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a motto: If you eat, you are in. But that’s not all. There are 10. . （many） than 700 edible towns popping up around the world. People there think about food and protect the environment at the same time.
to grow
is used
for
saying
completely
which
but/yet
villagers
later
more
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在英格兰的一个小镇，所有空地都被当地人用于种植水果蔬菜，供人免费采摘。人们在考虑食物（供给）的同时也保护了环境。
1.________
to grow
解析 句意为：英格兰的一个小镇正在向全世界宣传自己种植食物的重要性。本句中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，即it is important to do sth，意为“做某事是重要的”。故填to grow。
2.________
is used
解析 句意为：任何空地都被用于种植水果和蔬菜。此处为句子谓语，use与space之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is used。
3.____
for
解析 句意为：每个人都可以免费采摘它们。for free为固定搭配，表示“免费地”。故填for。
4._______
saying
解析 句意为：她种了蔬菜，推倒了花园的围墙，并竖起了一个牌子，上面写着：“请自取!”分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，say与其逻辑主语sign之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填saying。
5.___________
completely
解析 句意为：如今，帕姆彻底改变了这座小镇。设空处修饰谓语has changed，应用副词。故填completely。
6._______
which
解析 句意为：一个新的小镇诞生了，它被称为“不可思议的可以吃的托德莫登”。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为town，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导该从句。
7._______
but/yet
解析 句意为：很多人都知道我们必须改变，但如何改变是个问题。根据句意可知，前后两个分句之间为转折关系。故填but/yet。
8._________
villagers
解析 句意为：于是有一天，她召集了所有的村民。villager为可数名词，其前有修饰语all，表示“所有的”，此处应用复数形式。故填villagers。
9._____
later
解析 句意为：没多久，托德莫登就变成了一个巨大的水果蔬菜园。根据句意可知，此处表示“不久之后”。故填later。
10.______
more
解析 句意为：世界各地突然出现了700多个“可食用的”城镇。根据设空处后的than可知，此处应用比较级。故填more。
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[江西临川一中2022高一期中]“Beautiful.” “Attractive.” “Breathtaking.” “Amazing.” These are just a few of the words that tourists often use to describe the beauty of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem （GYE）. A new study brings to mind entirely different expressions, however: “Dry.” “Hot.” “Threatened.”
Scientists found that the average annual temperature in GYE from 1950 to 2018 increased by 2.3 degrees Fahrenheit （华氏温度）, which is as high as or higher than any other period in the last 20, 000 years and likely the warmest in 800, 000 years. Also of note is the average annual snowfall, which has decreased by 23 inches since 1950, they observe. The combination of higher temperatures and reduced snowfall means the spring thaw （解冻期） now begins two weeks earlier than it did in 1950, while stream run-off （径流） reaches peak flows eight days sooner.
Scientists predict by 2100 average annual temperatures in GYE will increase by an additional 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit, producing 40 to 60 more days per year with temperatures above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. From 1986 to 2005, winter snowfall covered 59% of the area. By the end of the 21st century, that number could be as low as 1%.“The reduction in snow is due to the increase in temperature over time, which causes more rain instead of snow,” explains report co-author Bryan Shuman at the University of Wyoming.
“GYE is valued for its forests, rivers, fish, and wildlife,” says Bryan Shuman. “The trend towards a warmer, drier climate described in this study will likely affect ecosystems in the area and the communities that depend on them.”
Perhaps the biggest result of climate change in GYE is water scarcity. Currently, cities as far west as Los Angeles depend on snowmelt from GYE for water. Less snowfall means less water—especially in the summer when scientists predict a seasonal lack of water in GYE of up to 79% by the end of the 21st century.
Although scientists’ predictions are serious, their report still leaves room for optimism: By measuring and tracking the influence of climate change now and in the future, they suggest, community leaders can think up climate adaptation strategies （策略） that will help them weather the storm.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了尽管大黄石生态系统因其自然之美闻名于世，但是却面临着气候变暖带来的问题：积雪覆盖率降低、积雪解冻期提前、河流径流量增加。
1.What is a possible result of higher temperatures and reduced snowfall in GYE ( )
B
A.Wild animals living there will disappear gradually.
B.Stream run-off gets the highest level ahead of time.
C.Its environment is destroyed badly.
D.The spring arrives earlier.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The combination of higher temperatures and reduced snowfall means the spring thaw now begins two weeks earlier than it did in 1950, while stream run-off reaches peak flows eight days sooner.可知，气温升高、降雪量减少会导致河流径流量提前达到峰值。故选B项。
2.What can we know according to the third paragraph ( )
A
A.The snowfall in GYE is decreasing.
B.GYE is famous for its valuable forests and wildlife.
C.Climate change leads to less rainfall in GYE.
D.Climate change in GYE will end by the end of the 21st century.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的From 1986 to 2005, winter snowfall covered 59% of the area.By the end of the 21st century, that number could be as low as 1%.可知，大黄石生态系统的积雪覆盖率正在降低，并将越来越低。故选A项。
3.What does the underlined word “scarcity” mean in Paragraph 5 ( )
B
A.Power. B.Shortage. C.Quality. D.Pollution.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，“water scarcity”是大黄石生态系统气候变化的最严重后果，根据下文Less snowfall means less water—especially in the summer when scientists predict a seasonal lack of water in GYE of up to 79% by the end of the 21st century.可知，大黄石生态系统将面临水资源短缺的问题，water scarcity与下文的lack of water同义，意为“水短缺”。故选B项。
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph ( )
A
A.Scientists have a positive attitude to the future of GYE.
B.Scientists’ predictions on climate change don’t make sense.
C.The influence of climate change is growing around the world.
D.There is nothing people can do to come through the different period.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Although scientists’ predictions are serious, their report still leaves room for optimism可知，科学家对大黄石生态系统的未来持积极乐观的态度。故选A项。
长难句分析
句意：气温升高且降雪量减少，两者加在一起意味着现在春季解冻期开始的时间比1950年提前了两周，同时河流径流达到峰值的时间也提前了八天。
[福建厦门2023高一期末] I wanted to travel to the Caribbean but couldn’t afford it. By chance, a friend . .1. . “pet sitting”, a service to help look after pets when owners are away from homes. I quickly began . .2. . opportunities on a pet sitting website. There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available, but I tried my luck, sent an . .3. ., waited a few days and . .4. . landed a three-month job in a beautiful house.
A month into my pet sitting, I had explored the . .5. . pretty well. Impressed by such a beautiful island, I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches. . .6. ., for every photo of a beautiful beach there were 10 photos of rubbish. It was . .7. . for me to ignore the plastic pollution . .8. .. So I began to share photos of the rubbish I . .9. . and how much I could . .10. . on my daily dog walks. The blog was used to raise . .11. . and highlight plastic-free travel.
I changed my way of living and even my . .12. . to accommodate to more organic foods without plastic packaging. It’s been over three years now and I . .13. . to do what I can.
This journey has led me to some amazing but . .14. . places, and I have even organised some country-wide beach clean-up activities. My . .15. . now is to keep on going.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作，去了一个很美丽的小岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，所以作者把看到的垃圾拍下来分享到博客上，希望唤起人们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。
1.( )A.mentioned B.offered C.doubted D.requested
A
解析 根据前文I wanted to travel to the Caribbean but couldn’t afford it.和后文I quickly began _____ opportunities on a pet sitting website.可知，作者想去加勒比海旅游，但负担不起，所以一个朋友向作者提到宠物看护。mention意为“提到”，符合语境。故选A项。offer意为“提出”；doubt意为“怀疑”；request意为“请求”。
2.( )A.turning down B.giving up C.jumping at D.searching for
D
解析 根据后文There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available, but I tried my luck可知，作者是在网上找机会。search for意为“寻找”，符合语境。故选D项。turn down意为“拒绝”；give up意为“放弃”；jump at意为“急于接受”。
3.( )A.application B.apology C.order D.invitation
A
解析 根据前文There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available, but I tried my luck可知，作者尝试碰碰运气，所以是发送了申请。故选A项。apology意为“道歉”；order意为“命令；订单”；invitation意为“邀请”。
4.( )A.fortunately B.generally C.obviously D.casually
A
解析 句意为：当时只有几份宠物看护工作空缺，但我碰碰运气，发送了一份申请，等了几天，幸运的是，我找到了一份为期三个月的工作，地点在一栋漂亮的房子里。根据后文landed a three-month job in a beautiful house可知，作者获得了一份工作，所以是幸运的。fortunately意为“幸运地”，符合语境，故选A项。generally意为“通常地”；obviously意为“明显地”；casually意为“随意地”。
5.( )A.website B.destination C.custom D.market
B
解析 根据后文Impressed by such a beautiful island, I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches.可知，美丽的岛屿给作者留下了深刻的印象，所以是作者很好地探索了目的地。故选B项。
6.( )A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Instead
B
解析 根据I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches和后文中的for every photo of a beautiful beach there were 10 photos of rubbish可知，两句间是转折关系，应用however，故选B项。therefore意为“因此”；otherwise意为“否则”；instead意为“相反”。
7.( )A.dangerous B.possible C.hard D.normal
C
解析 根据后文So I began to share photos of the rubbish可知，作者开始分享垃圾的照片，所以是作者很难忽视塑料污染。故选C项。dangerous意为“危险的”；possible意为“可能的”；normal意为“正常的”。
8.( )A.control B.type C.process D.issue
D
解析 根据空前的plastic pollution可知，塑料污染应该是问题。issue意为“问题”，符合语境。故选D项。
9.( )A.saw B.threw C.produced D.buried
A
解析 根据后文The blog was used to raise _____ and highlight plastic-free travel.可知，这个博客用来提高环保意识，所以是分享作者看到的垃圾的照片。故选A项。throw意为“抛；扔”；produce意为“生产”；bury意为“埋藏”。
10.( )A.pay for B.take out C.pick up D.cut down
C
解析 根据on my daily dog walks可知，此处指作者每天遛狗时能捡到多少垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”，符合语境。故选C项。pay for意为“支付”；take out意为“获得”；cut down意为“减少”。
11.( )A.questions B.standards C.money D.awareness
D
解析 根据后文highlight plastic-free travel可知，设空处和后文并列，指提高人们的环保意识。awareness意为“意识”，符合语境，故选D项。standard意为“标准”。
12.( )A.necessities B.diets C.impression D.workout
B
解析 根据后文accommodate to more organic foods without plastic packaging可知，为了适应更多没有塑料包装的有机食品，作者改变了饮食习惯。diet意为“日常饮食”，符合语境。故选B项。necessity意为“必需品”；impression意为“印象”；workout意为“锻炼”。
13.( )A.forget B.compete C.agree D.continue
D
解析 句意为：现在已经三年多了，我继续做我能做的。根据后文This journey has led me to some amazing but _____ places, and I have even organised some country-wide beach clean-up activities.可知，作者依旧为了环保在努力，所以是作者继续做自己能做的。continue意为“继续”，符合语境。故选D项。forget意为“忘记”；compete意为“竞争”；agree意为“同意”。
14.( )A.poor B.polluted C.noisy D.crowded
B
解析 根据后文I have even organised some country-wide beach clean-up activities 可知，作者一直致力于治理污染，所以去的都是有污染的地方。故选B项。
15.( )A.limit B.advice C.goal D.answer
C
解析 根据后文中的to keep on going并结合选项可知，此处应是指作者的目标是继续前进。故选C项。
03
单元限时小卷
[湖南长沙长郡中学2022高一期中] Many people have difficulty in getting up in the morning. This might be called laziness, but Dr Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you work, you may say that you're “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar words as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation for the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Many family quarrels end when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
建议用时：56分钟
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. If so, staying up later than you want to may counteract （抵抗） your cycle in some way. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a comfortable yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed for a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。许多人早晨起床困难，这通常被称为懒惰，但克莱特曼博士认为每个人都有一个日常精力循环周期，而不同人的精力最旺盛的时间不同，我们不能改变自己的精力循环周期，但我们可以学着适应它。
1.Why is it difficult for many persons to get up in the morning according to Dr Kleitman ( )
B
A.They are lazy. B.They each have their own energy cycle.
C.They have their own habits. D.They have a bad night's sleep.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的but Dr Kleitman has a new explanation和He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.可知，克莱特曼博士认为许多人早上起床困难是因为他们有自己的精力循环周期。故选B项。
2.What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 ( )
A
A.It’s best to do your work at the energy peak. B.Energy circle can lead to family quarrels.
C.It’s best to work at the bottom of energy cycle. D.Energy circle can keep you clean all day.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.可知，在人们的体温循环周期中，体温最高时，精力最旺盛。所以可推知，最好在精力达到顶峰时工作。故选A项。
3.According to the passage, when does people’s energy peak come ( )
D
A.During the hot days. B.After a good sleep.
C.After breakfast. D.At different hours of the day.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.可推知，人们精力最旺盛的时刻会在不同的时间出现。故选D项。
4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to ( )
C
A.The life. B.The good habit. C.The energy cycle. D.The change.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的You can’t change your energy cycle可知，it指代前面提到的“energy cycle（精力循环周期）”。故选C项。
[浙江A9协作体2023高一期中联考] Rural homestays （乡村民宿） have become the fastest-growing part in the bed-and-breakfast market recently, fuelled by travellers who seek a more relaxing, pleasant and experiential lifestyle that is close to nature, a recent report found.
A domestic online homestay service provider said there are nearly 800, 000 domestic rural homestays available online nationwide. Most people who took rural trips are urbanites （城市居民）. 1. .
Among those who booked rural homestays, more than 60 percent of the total were born in the 1980s and 1990s. 2. . Now, the booking volume of rural homestays accounts for about 40 percent of the total short-term rentals compared with 30 percent previously.
Zhou Cheng, a rural homestay operator, has been involved in the business for more than a decade. 3. . In 2010, he started operating a rural homestay in Lijiang, Yunnan Province in southwest China, and annual income was about 200,000 yuan, which is less than one-tenth of his current annual income.
A
G
B
4. . That revenue （收入） accounts for 60 percent to 70 percent of the total revenue. Most travellers stay for two days and one night, and their total spending on catering （餐饮） and accommodation together is around 2,000 yuan per person. At his homestay business, there are 13 employees in total. All of them are local villagers and their monthly income is around 4,000 yuan per person, Zhou said.
The development of rural homestays has changed the trend of previous one-day tours to the suburbs into more in-depth trips.5. . In the long term, the potential room for future growth of rural tourism and rural homestays is remarkable, with the backing of favourable policies related to the revitalisation of rural areas.
C
E
A.These urbanites have driven the rapid growth of rural homestays.
B.He witnessed the fast growth of the domestic bed-and-breakfast sector.
C.Besides accommodations, catering services are also provided to customers.
D.An effective way to increase consumption is to convince travellers to stay overnight.
E.Tourists can have more in-depth trip experiences and improve the quality of their trips.
F.Consumers’ frequent short trips to suburban areas have driven the growth of rural homestays.
G.In 2021, the booking volume of rural homestays in Beijing increased by 10 percent year on year, and revenue jumped by 38 percent year on year.
【语篇导读】近年来，乡村民宿已成为住宿加次日早餐市场中增长最快的部分。从长远来看，在乡村振兴相关政策的支持下，乡村旅游和乡村民宿的潜在增长空间巨大。
1.___
A
解析 空前讲到大多数去乡村旅行的人都是城市居民，A项（这些城市居民推动了乡村民宿的快速发展）承接上文，指出这些城市居民对乡村民宿起到的积极作用。
2.___
G
解析 空后指出乡村民宿的预订量占比由之前的30%上升至现在的大约40%，G项（2021年，北京乡村民宿预订量同比增长10%，收入同比增长38%）与下文内容一致，都是在讲乡村民宿预订量的增加。
3.___
B
解析 根据设空处上下文可知，本段主要介绍乡村民宿经营者周成（音译）的经历。B项（他见证了国内住宿加次日早餐行业的快速发展）也是他的经历之一，符合语境，选项中的He指代上文中的Zhou Cheng。
4.___
C
解析 设空处为本段的首句，起到概括本段内容的作用；根据下文给出的多个数据以及their total spending on catering可知，本段主要介绍乡村民宿的餐饮服务。C项（除住宿外，他们还为顾客提供餐饮服务）符合语境。
5.___
E
解析 根据空前一句可知，乡村民宿的发展给旅游带来了改变，使游客可以进行深度游。E项（游客可以有更深入的旅行体验，提高旅行质量）承接上文，指出乡村民宿对提高游客旅行质量的促进作用，符合语境。
长难句分析
句意：从长远来看，在振兴乡村地区的相关有利政策支持下，乡村旅游和乡村民宿未来的潜在增长空间是巨大的。
[河南周口2023高一期末] I remember to this day the feeling of the cold wind causing my ears to hurt. However, that didn’t . .1. . me at that time. It was Hogmanay, the New Year’s Eve in Scotland, and the bays of the town were carrying out the . .2. . of going from house to house on this special evening.
It is thought that the tradition came from the Vikings who were settlers in the Western Isles. Honestly, that wasn’t . .3. . to me. I was out and about having . .4. ..
There were about 25 houses to visit in my town of North Boisdale. The start time was 19:00 and all the boys would . .5. . at one end of the town and begin to . .6. . each house. Each person had a pillowcase （枕头套） that would be filled with goodies （好吃的东西） . .7. . from householders.
Outside each house one person would ask the man of the house for permission （许可） to . .8. .. Once inside the house a candle would be lit by the oldest boy in the group and . .9. . the candle would be passed round all family members. After that, the mother of the house would bring out the . .10. .: fruit, biscuits and of course sweets. On . .11. . each house the oldest boy in the group would . .12. . the family luck in the coming year.
After being to each house the pillowcases would be . .13. . and heavy and it was at the last house that the fun began. The pillowcases would be . .14. . and the goodies shared out equally.
The last house would also provide a small party that would . .15. . before midnight so all the boys were home before the bells.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了自己所在的小镇在除夕夜的传统习俗。
1.( )A.trouble B.interest C.fit D.harm
A
解析 However表示转折，上文说作者的耳朵被冻得很疼，此处表示但作者并没有被这种情况所困扰。故选A项。
2.( )A.test B.service C.tradition D.programme
C
解析 根据下文中的It is thought that the tradition came from the Vikings… 可知，该传统源自维京人生活的时代，即上文提到的Hogmanay。故选C项。
3.( )A.new B.possible C.wise D.important
D
解析 空前的that指代该传统的起源。根据下文中的I was out and about having _____.可知，作者在外面玩得很开心，所以这种传统的起源对作者来说并不重要。故选D项。
4.( )A.success B.experience C.fun D.help
C
解析 根据上文中的I was out和下文对除夕夜传统习俗的介绍可知，作者在除夕夜玩得很开心。故选C项。
5.( )A.show off B.look around C.run away D.meet up
D
解析 根据空前的all the boys可知，镇上所有的男孩都会参与除夕夜活动，所以孩子们要先会面，再一起去拜访每一户人家。故选D项。
6.( )A.visit B.clean C.find D.fill
A
解析 根据上文中的There were about 25 houses to visit in my town of North Boisdale.可知，孩子们聚在一起是来拜访每一户人家的。此处为词汇复现。故选A项。
7.( )A.bought B.received C.stolen D.sent
B
解析 根据下文中的After that, the mother of the house would bring out the _____: fruit, biscuits and of course sweets.可知，房子的主人送了很多食物给孩子们，所以他们的枕头套里装满了从住户那里收到的好吃的东西。故选B项。
8.( )A.enter B.shout C.hide D.stop
A
解析 根据空前的Outside each house及下文中的Once inside the house可知，男孩们要征得房子主人的许可方可进入房子。故选A项。
9.( )A.still B.again C.even D.then
D
解析 男孩们进屋后的动作是连续的，先点燃蜡烛，然后再传递蜡烛。用then来衔接事情的发展。故选D项。
10.( )A.bags B.gifts C.pictures D.candles
B
解析 根据下文中的fruit, biscuits and of course sweets可知，这家的母亲拿出招待大家的礼物。故选B项。
11.( )A.searching B.leaving C.painting D.protecting
B
解析 由上文语境可知，男孩们先进入一户人家，点燃蜡烛，传递蜡烛，接受礼物。按照时间顺序，最后在他们离开时，最年长的男孩会送上祝福。故选B项。
12.( )A.give B.promise C.lend D.wish
D
解析 根据空后的the family luck in the coming year可知，男孩们离开这户人家时，最年长的男孩会祝福这一家人好运。此处用wish表示“祝愿”。故选D项。
13.( )A.safe B.full C.warm D.open
B
解析 根据上文中的Each person had a pillowcase that would be filled with goodies和空后的heavy可知，枕头套里会被装满好吃的，变得又满又重。故选B项。
14.( )A.discovered B.remembered C.emptied D.accepted
C
解析 根据空后的the goodies shared out equally可知，枕头套中的好吃的被平均分了，所以男孩们要先把枕头套倒空，再进行分配。故选C项。
15.( )A.begin B.finish C.continue D.change
B
解析 根据空后的so all the boys were home before the bells可知，所有的男孩们要在钟声响起之前回家，所以这个小型聚会要在午夜前结束，好让男孩们回家。故选B项。
[江苏常州高级中学2023高一期中] There have been a lot of 1. . （argument） about the junk （无用的东西） that pops up in the form of game-related push notices on smartphones. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage of algorithms （算法） 2. . （get） more hits and increase their data flow.
However, this kind of “smartness” is bad for users, for the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value and beyond the 3. . （recognise） of children. Once they get trapped in this “information cocoon （信息茧房）”, it isn’t 4. . （benefit） to their learning process.
arguments
to get
recognition
beneficial
To prevent that from happening, market regulators need to strengthen management of app algorithms 5. . they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. Additionally, the laws must 6. . （make） so that smartphone apps don’t continue helping those advertisers 7. . target is to make profit by spreading junk. Although the purpose of increased data flow 8. . （be） to attract commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldn't pursue profit at 9. . cost of youngsters’ mental growth. Finally, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach children how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them 10. . （concentrate） on the right thing and avoiding getting lost in an ocean of useless information.
and
be made
whose
is
the
concentrating
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现在的应用程序开发商为了增加自己的数据流量，会在智能手机上弹出与游戏相关的推送，这种做法对孩子有害。
1.__________
arguments
解析 句意为：关于智能手机上弹出的与游戏相关的推送通知这种垃圾信息有很多争论。设空处作there be句型中的主语，argument意为“争论”，根据空前的have been可知，此处应用复数形式。故填arguments。
2._______
to get
解析 句意为：事实上，这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多的点击量并增加他们的数据流。分析句子结构可知，从句中已有谓语，结合语境可知，此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故填to get。
3.___________
recognition
解析 句意为：然而，这种“聪明”对用户来说是有害的，因为通过这种方式发送的信息几乎没有任何教育价值，而且儿童无法识别。设空处在介词beyond后作宾语，且前面有定冠词the，故填名词recognition。
4.__________
beneficial
解析 句意为：一旦他们被困在这个“信息茧房”中，这对他们的学习过程没有好处。设空处在主句中作表语，表示“有利的”，应用形容词。故填beneficial。
5._____
and
解析 句意为：为了防止那种情况发生，市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理，他们也可以改进技术，防止用户沉迷于垃圾信息。根据语境并结合设空处后的also可知，设空处前后为并列递进的关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
6._________
be made
解析 句意为：此外，必须制定法律，这样智能手机应用程序就不会继续帮助那些通过传播垃圾信息来获取利润的广告商。设空处与must构成主句的谓语，laws和make之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；空前已有情态动词must，故填be made。
7._______
whose
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those advertisers，设空处在从句中作target的定语，表示“……的目标”，故用关系代词whose引导该从句。
8.___
is
解析 句意为：虽然增加数据流的目的是吸引商业广告，但媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。根据语境可知，此处表示客观陈述，应用一般现在时；从句主语为the purpose of increased data flow，为单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
9.____
the
解析 句意见上一题解析。at the cost of… 为固定搭配，意为“以……为代价”。故填the。
10._____________
concentrating
解析 句意为：最后，学校和家长需要共同努力，教孩子们如何辨别垃圾信息和有用信息，从而使他们专注于正确的事情，避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处作宾补，them指children，与concentrate之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填concentrating。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Victoria was my best friend, whose mother was a social worker in Detroit, Michigan. Because of that, Victoria and I were introduced early to the world of volunteering.
We did plenty of charity work. We always had a good time, and continued to volunteer whenever we had time, often even when we didn’t. It became our second nature. Hairstyles came and went, but Victoria and I found places to donate our time because that's how we were raised.
One particular morning we signed up for “Paint the Town”, an organisation in Detroit to help low-income homeowners clean their houses. We were assigned （分配） a dilapidated （破烂的） house in one of the worst communities of the city. I was afraid as we got near to the front door, not knowing who we would find on the other side. We knocked three times quickly and stepped back, waiting to be let in.
When the door opened, my mouth did, too. Standing there was a little old lady with wisps （缕） of white hair and a purple apron （围裙） tied around her waist.
“Hello,” she said, “I’m Amelia. Please come in and I will show you where to start.” Her smile shone brightly. “I am just baking some cookies for you girls to eat.” As she led us to the parts of her house that needed painting, my heart softened. Here was one of the scariest-looking houses in the city, but behind its door was a sweet old lady with a cane and a big smile.
Here we were coming to help her, and instead she was doing something for us—baking homemade cookies and serving us tea!
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
There was no age barrier that day as we worked on Amelia’s house.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Nonsense！” she criticised（批评）.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作提示】
1.材料导读
材料大意 作者在朋友维多利亚的母亲的影响下，和朋友一起开始了志愿服务的生活。她们报名参加了“粉刷城镇”——底特律一个帮助低收入房主清洁房屋的组织。她们被分配到这座城市最糟糕的一个社区里最破烂的房子做清洁工作，但房主却是一位和蔼的老太太。作者和朋友是去帮老太太清洁房屋的，但老太太也为她们做了一些事情，老太太给她们做了曲奇饼并端茶给她们喝。
故事背景 作者和朋友被分配到最破烂的房子去帮房主清洁房屋，没想到房主是一位和蔼的老太太。
主要角色 作者、维多利亚（作者的朋友）、阿梅莉亚（房主）
写作顺序 故事的发展顺序
主要矛盾 作者被分配到最糟糕的社区去工作，看到一位和蔼的老太太住在很破的房子里，心生怜悯，但老太太却不这么认为。
2.续写分析
续写第一段（提示句：那天我们为阿梅莉亚打扫房子，我们和她之间没有年龄障碍。） 根据第一段提示可知，第一段可以描写作者和她的朋友与老太太相处得很好，有很多共同话题。根据第二段提示可知，第一段结尾应提及老太太批评的内容。
续写第二段（提示句：“胡说！”她批评道。） 根据第二段提示可知，第二段可以描写老太太与作者不同的见解及其对作者的影响等。
情感变化 作者：被分配到最糟糕的社区去工作时感到害怕——看到房主是一位和蔼的老太太后放松下来——对老太太住在这样的房子里感到难过——听到老太太的解释后对志愿工作有新的感悟
3.提分词句
keep sb company, I feel blessed that…, fix sth up, come and go, Nothing will make you happier than helping other people.（“否定词+比较级”结构表最高级）, What she said to me （主语从句）等。
【参考范文】
There was no age barrier that day as we worked on Amelia’s house. Amelia stayed close by, talking to us as we painted and telling us about her homeland and how she came to Detroit. I felt so sad about her living in such a poor part of the neighbourhood with no one to keep her company. When I told her so, she laughed at me.
“Nonsense！” she criticised. “This is my house even if it is not good enough. I feel blessed that you girls came to help fix it up. I’m happy here. I’ve watched the neighbourhood change, and seen people come and go, but I always stay. We may all be different on the outside, but on the inside, we are all just after the same thing—community. Keep it up. Nothing will make you happier than helping other people.” What she said to me repeated itself as I volunteered in different parts of the town.
词汇加油站
核心词汇
peak n.高峰；顶点；山峰
熟词生义
rise vi.熟义：升高；上升；增加 生义：起床；站起来；起立