【考前必刷】中考英语语法专项练习-虚拟语气（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【考前必刷】中考语法专项练习-虚拟语气
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．If I ________ you, I would study hard.
A．was B．were C．am D．be
2．His father suggested he ________ the lazy boy a lesson.
A．to teach B．teaching C．teach D．should teaches
3．The accident __________ if the driver had paid more attention to the street signs.
A．must have avoided B．might avoid
C．could have been avoided D．should be avoided
4．I suggest you ________ a phone call to him immediately.
A．made B．make C．making D．to make
5．I’d suggest my foreign friend ________ Beijing next Sunday.
A．goes B．to go C．going D．go
6．Which of the following sentences is CORRECT
A．They need more time to consider if to hold a meeting or not.
B．Simon was made wear braces.
C．Her mother suggested she go and see the doctor.
D．The result proved to be correctly.
7．You have been back from London! I _______ you ________ there.
A．think; are B．thought; were C．thought; are D．think; were
8．Why ________ it get colder when we go up a mountain We are getting nearer to the sun!
A．ought to B．should C．would D．must
9．— How did you do in the test
— Not so well. I ________ much better but I misread the directions for Part.
A．could do B．could have done
C．must have done D．should do
10．John suggested Mary ________ to see the doctor at once.
A．goes B．go C．to go D．going
11．Which of the following is CORRECT
A．It’s high time we will take measures to stop the pollution.
B．Keep your eyes shut when you will do eye exercises.
C．Lucy, we need to leave now! The film has begun for five minutes.
D．The boy had finished reading the book by the end of last month.
12．The government suggests people ________ the Spring festival at their working place this year.
A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．will spend
13．It is natural to forget new words! I suggest you ________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper and ________ them in your room.
A．write; make B．writing; place C．write; place D．writing; making
14．—What should I do
—I suggest you ________ your schedule first.
A．to check B．check C．checking
15．They ________ that a passport be carried with you at all times.
A．advise B．tell C．hope D．expect
16．I wish I ________ in Hong Kong now.
A．be B．am C．was D．were
17．Doctors suggest everyone ________ their masks(口罩) in public places.
A．put on B．to put on C．should wear D．wearing
18．My English teacher suggested ________ the word study handouts for fifteen minutes every day.
A．me to go over B．I go over C．me go over D．I went over
19．If I ________ harder when I was young, I ________ a university and lived a different life.
A．worked; would entered B．had worked; would have entered
C．would worked; had entered D．have worked; will have entered
20．The physicists propose that our attention ________the use of special methods of thinking and acting.
A．would be directed towards B．be directed towards
C．is directed towards D．direct towards
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
21．What would happen if he ______（go）back home late
22．If he knew about the air crash, he ________ (stop) his friend from getting on the plane anyway.
23．I would buy my parents a new house if I ______ (win) the lottery.
24．If I ______ (be) you, I would tell her the truth.
25．Peter has to work today. If he didn’t he ______ (join) us.
26．If it weren’t raining, I ______ (go) to the beach.
27．Medical experts suggest that we _________（stay) at home instead of going out because of the spread of COVID-19.
28．Mary suggested that we ________ (meet) at eight o’clock at the school gate.
29．My mother suggested that I__________(put)on warm clothes.
30．I suggest you ______ (write) them down on piece of paper.
三、完成句子
31．你能想象没有亚马逊雨林的世界会是什么样的吗？
Can you _____________________________________________________ without the Amazon rainforest
32．I wish I __________ with you. 真希望（现在）我和你们在一起。
33．我希望自己能像鸟一样飞翔。
I wish I __________ fly like a bird.
34．如果你采取了我的建议，你就不会迷路了。
If you __________ _________ my advice, you ________ _________ got lost.
35．我建议我们马上处理这个问题。
I suggest that we ______ ______ it immediately.
36．没有它们我会死去。I ________________________ them.
四、汉译英：整句
37．如果你有朋友就不会这么孤独了。
______________________________________________________.
38．雨天太可怕了，我现在要是在澳大利亚就好了。
______________________________________________________.
39．他建议政府应该采取行动保护人民的健康。
_________________________________________________________
40．导游建议我们乘船欣赏扬州的美景。
________________________________________________________
41．如果你意外烧伤，你该怎么办？
____________________________________________________________________
42．帮助别人不仅让我感觉良好，而且我也有时间做我所喜欢的事情。
____________________________________________________________________
43．均衡的饮食和有规律的运动被视为健康的必要条件。
____________________________________________________________________
44．成都是一个以火锅出名的旅游热点地。
____________________________________________________________________
45．他虽然不富有，但他总是乐意为贫困孩子捐钱。
____________________________________________________________________
五、阅读补全短文
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。
Do you know the idea of game literacy(素养) Literacy is the ability to read, write, speak and listen in a way that lets us communicate and learn about the world. Game literacy means the ability to get, understand, critically evaluate(批判性地评价) and even create games.
A report showed that Chinese teenagers’ game literacy has improved. For example, more than 60 percent of teenagers can know about whether the information is the historical facts or reality(现实). And 55.3 percent can recognize information which is harmful for them.
Teenagers also know the bad effect of games, and have a sense of self-control while playing games. The biggest problem is that teenagers easily share personal information with others, which is not safe.
To change the situation, the experts suggest highly improving the idea of game literacy. Family, school and community need to work together to improve the game literacy and help students use the Internet properly.
Game literacy means the ability to get, understand, critically evaluate and even create games. A report among young Chinese people showed that their game literacy has ____46____. For example, more than 60% of teenagers can find out ____47____ the information in games is the historical factor reality(现实). And 55.3 percent can recognize ____48____ information. They easily share personal information with others.The experts give us a ____49____ to improve students’ game literacy. Family, school and community need to work log ether to help students use the Internet ____50____.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会努力学习。
考查虚拟语气。根据“If I … you”可知if引导的句子表示与事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，从句用一般过去时，而且be动词只能用were。故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：他的父亲建议他应该给这个懒惰的孩子一个教训。
考查动词suggest的用法。suggest“建议”，后接宾语从句时需使用虚拟语气，构成为suggest+(that)+主语+(should) do，should可省略。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：如果司机多注意下路标的话，事故是可以避免的。
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。主语“accident”和谓语“avoid”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，可排除AB选项；又因为该句表示与过去事实相反的假设，结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句用“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：我建议你立刻给他打个电话。
考查suggest的用法。suggest“建议”，后跟宾语从句时需要用虚拟语气，其谓语结构为“should+do”，should可以省略，故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：我建议我的外国朋友下周日去北京。
考查虚拟语气。go“去某地”，suggest后可以跟that引导的从句，其中从句中使用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，所以这里用动词原形go。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子是对的？
考查固定句式。A项“”They need more time to consider if to hold a meeting or not.”中if不能与or not连用；B项“Simon was made wear braces.”中be made 后接to do sth；D项“The result proved to be correctly.”中proved to be后接形容词而不是副词。故排除ABD。故选C。
7．D
【详解】句意：你已经从伦敦回来了！我以为你还在那里。
考查虚拟语气。根据“You have been back from London!”可知，主句时态用一般现在时。由语境可知，现在的情况与自己想象的不同，表示与现在事实相反，条件句中动词用过去式，be动词用were。故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意：为什么我们上山的时候天气会变冷呢？我们离太阳越来越近了！
考查动词辨析和虚拟语气。ought to应该；should应该；would将会；must必须。根据“Why...it get colder when we go up a mountain We are getting nearer to the sun!”可知，越接近太阳应该热的，但实际上却很冷，与客观事实相反，是虚拟语气的用法。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：——你考得怎么样？——不太好。我本来可以做得更好的，但我误读了部分说明。
考查虚拟语气。根据“Not so well.”是事实，much better but则表示与事实相反的虚拟，问句的did则提示时态，排除AD；could have done“过去本可以做某事，但没做”；must have done对过去事实的肯定推测。故选B。
10．B
【详解】句意：约翰建议玛丽马上去看医生。
考查虚拟语气。suggest后接that从句，从句用虚拟语气，“should+动词原形”结构，should可以省略。故选B。
11．D
【详解】句意：下列哪句是正确的？
考查句子结构。A是固定句式“It is high time that+从句”的结构，其中从句的谓语动词要用过去式或should+动词原形，所以A是错误。B的句子是when引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主祈从现”的原则，从句应用一般现在时，所以B是错误的。C句子中for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，而begun是短暂性动词，延续性动词是be on，所以C是错误的，故选D。
12．B
【详解】句意：政府建议今年人们在自己的工作的地方过春节。
考查非谓语动词。“suggests”后是宾语从句，表达建议某人做的事，从句的动词用“should +do”的结构。“should”可省去。表达“度过”用动词原形“spend”。故选B。
13．C
【详解】句意：忘记新单词是很自然的事！我建议你每天在纸上写四到五个单词，把它们放在你的房间里。
考查虚拟语气。write写；place放置。suggest建议，后面加从句时，要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词要用should do，should可以省略。第一个空后为four or five words，此处使用write，指写四到五个单词；第二个空后为them in your room，此处使用place，指把它们放在你的房间里。故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：——我该怎么办？——我建议你先检查一下你的日程安排。
考查虚拟语气。suggest，建议，后面加从句时，要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词要用should do，should可以省略。故选B。
15．A
【详解】句意：他们建议你随身携带护照。
考查动词辨析。advise建议；tell告诉；hope希望；expect期望。根据“a passport be carried...”可知，此处省略了should；所给的词汇中，只用advise有这种虚拟语气的用法，即advise that sb. (should) do. sth.建议某人应该做某事。故选A。
16．D
【详解】句意：我希望我现在在香港。
考查虚拟语气。根据“I wish I…in Hong Kong now.”可知，此处是虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，主语是I，应用were，故选D。
17．C
【详解】句意：医生建议每个人在公共场所都应该戴口罩。
考查虚拟语气。put on穿上，戴上，指动作；wear穿着，戴着，指状态。suggest表“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，排除B和D。由后面的“their masks(口罩) in public places”可知，应该是戴口罩的状态，用wear，排除A。故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：我的英语老师建议我每天花十五分钟复习单词学习讲义。
考查宾语从句。suggest后面不能接“人”作宾语，故排除A、C选项。suggest后接从句，表“建议”时，应用that引导，从句用“should+动词原形”，that和should可省略，即suggest (that) sb. (should) do。故选B。
19．B
【详解】句意：如果我年轻时多努力一点，我就能上大学，过一种不同的生活。
考查虚拟语气。分析句子可知，本句是虚拟语气；根据“when I was young”，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，if从句需用had done结构，主句用would have done结构。故选B。
20．B
【详解】句意：物理学家们建议，我们的注意力应转向使用特殊的思考和行动方法。
考查虚拟语气。根据“propose”一词可知，从句应该用虚拟语气“should do sth.”，而should可省略；再者根据“our attention”和“direct”的关系可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，所以be directed towards符合句意。故选B。
21．went
【详解】句意：如果他回家晚了会发生什么？根据if以及主句中的would可推断，此处考查的是虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反的假设，从句用一般过去时，故填went。
22．would stop
【详解】句意：如果他知道空难的事，他无论如何都会阻止他的朋友上飞机。If引导的条件状语从句，从句一般过去时态，主句过去将来时态。过去将来时态结构是：would+动词原形。这里填would stop。故填would stop。
23．won
【详解】句意：如果我中了彩票，我会给我父母买一栋新房子。根据“I would buy my parents a new house if I … the lottery.”可知，从句是对将来的虚拟语气，从句应填动词过去式，故填won。
24．were
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会告诉她真相。根据“If I ... you”可知if从句中用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were。故填were。
25．would join
【详解】句意：彼得今天要工作。如果他不去，他就会加入我们。此处是一个虚拟语气，从句是一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形，故填would join。
26．would go
【详解】句意：如果没下雨，我就会去海滩。根据“If it weren’t raining, I...to the beach.”可知if引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用be动词were，此处表示没下雨将会去海滩，主句谓语用would go。故填would go。
27．stay
【详解】句意：由于2019冠状病毒疾病的传播，医学专家建议我们待在家里而不是出去。根据“suggest”后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，可以省略情态动词should，故用动词原形。故填stay。
28．meet
【详解】句意：玛丽建议我们八点钟在学校门口见面。suggest后的that从句要用虚拟语气 should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填meet。
29．put/should put
【详解】句意：我的妈妈建议我穿暖和的衣服。suggest建议，表示“建议、坚持、要求、命令”的动词，若后接从句时，用that sb (should) do形式，should可省，故填（should）put。
30．write
【详解】句意：我建议你把它们写在一页纸上。suggest意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气结构，即(should) do。should可省略。故填write。
31．imagine what the world is like/will be like/would be like
【详解】想象：imagine；世界：the world；是什么样：be like。句首情态动词can开头，谓语用动词原形。根据语境可知，这句话可以表示直接描述，用一般现在时imagine what the world is like；是对将来的推测用一般将来时imagine what the world will be like；还可以表示一种假设，与事实相反，用虚拟语气imagine what the world would be like。故填imagine the world is like/will be like/would be like。
32．were
【详解】wish作动词，意为“希望；祝愿”，后接that引导的宾语从句（that省略），表示与现在的事实相反或不可能实现的愿望时，从句用虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词用过去式，be动词一律用were，故填were。
33．could
【详解】通过分析句子可知，wish在此作动词，意为“希望；祝愿”，后接that引导的宾语从句（此处that省略了），表示与现在的事实相反或不可能实现的愿望时，从句用虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词用过去式。本句中，“我像鸟一样飞翔”是不可能实现的事，故需用虚拟语气，故此处用“can”的过去式“could”。故填could。
34． had taken wouldn’t have
【详解】如果你采取了我的建议，你就不会迷路了。根据take one’s advice采取某人的建议，根据是对过去事实的假设，要用虚拟语气，条件状语从句中用过去完成时态；故填 (1). had (2). taken (3). wouldn’t (4). have
35． deal with
【详解】动词“suggest”表示“建议”，后面是that引导的宾语从句，用虚拟语气。从句的动词用“sb. should do”，should可以省略。表示“处理问题”用动词短语deal with。故填deal with。
36．would die without
【详解】分析可知，填谓语“会死去”和介词“没有”。根据句意，可知此句使用虚拟语气，使用“would do sth.”表达。die意思为“死，死去”，动词；without“没有”，是一个介词。故填would die without。
37．You wouldn’t be so lonely if you had friends.
【详解】根据汉语可知，本句用虚拟语气，是对现在事实的虚拟，if从句用一般过去时，主句用过去将来时would do结构；you“你”作主语， wouldn’t be so lonely“不会这么孤独”；“有朋友”had friends。故填You wouldn’t be so lonely if you had friends.
38．Rainy days are terrible!I wish I were in Australia now
【详解】雨天：rainy days；太可怕了：terrible；我：I；现在：now；在澳大利亚：in Australia。根据语境可数，第一句陈述事实，应用一般现在时，句子结构是主系表，第二句表达的不可能实现愿望，应用虚拟语气，使用句型“I wish (that) +一般过去时的陈述句”。故填Rainy days are terrible! I wish I were in Australia now。
39．He suggests the government should take action to protect people’s health.
【详解】he表示“他”，人称代词主格在句中作主语；suggest表示“建议”；should“应该”，情态动词后接动词原形；government表示“政府”；take action to do sth“采取措施做某事”；protect“保护”；people’s health“人民的健康”。根据句子结构，此句是一个宾语从句，引导词that无实际意义可省略。此句在陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称，要用动词三单形式，所以空格处填He suggests the government should take action to protect people’s health。故答案为He suggests the government should take action to protect people’s health。
40．The guide advised us to take a boat trip to enjoy the beautiful view of Yangzhou. /The guide advised that we should take a boat trip to enjoy the beautiful view of Yangzhou. /The guide advised us to take a boat trip to enjoy the beauty of Yangzhou. /The guide advised that we should take a boat trip to enjoy the beauty of Yangzhou.
【详解】根据句意可知，这句话的主语是The guide，“导游”，谓语动词为advise，常用于advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人去做某事”，或者advise that…，从句中用虚拟语气，should +动词原形；且这句话应用一般过去时态，表示过去发生的事情。enjoy“欣赏”；“扬州的美景”可以用the beautiful view of Yangzhou或者the beauty of Yangzhou。故答案为The guide advised us to take a boat trip to enjoy the beautiful view of Yangzhou. /The guide advised that we should take a boat trip to enjoy the beautiful view of Yangzhou. /The guide advised us to take a boat trip to enjoy the beauty of Yangzhou. /The guide advised that we should take a boat trip to enjoy the beauty of Yangzhou.
41．What would you do if you burned yourself by accident 42．Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but also I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 43．A balanced diet and regular exercise are regarded as the necessary requirements for keeping healthy. 44．Chengdu is a travel spotlight which is famous for hot pots. 45．Although he isn’t rich, he is willing to donate money for the poor kids.
【分析】试题分析：
41．你该怎么办？What would you do？意外地 by accident
42．不但···而且Not only ···but also，感觉良好 feel good ，帮助别人 help other people/help others,做我想做的事 do what I love to do.
43．均衡的饮食A balanced diet ，有规律的运动 regular exercise，被视为，被看作be regarded as ，保持健康 keep healthy.
44．旅游热点 a travel spotlight，因···而出名be famous for.
45．乐于做 be willing to do ，捐钱Donate money
考点：汉译英。
46．improved 47．whether 48．harmful 49．idea 50．properly
【导语】本文针对青少年的游戏素养展开讨论，专家建议家庭、学校和社区需要共同努力，提高游戏素养，帮助学生正确使用互联网。
46．根据“A report showed that Chinese teenagers’ game literacy has improved.”可知，一份报告显示，中国青少年的游戏素养有所提高。故填improved。
47．根据“For example, more than 60 percent of teenagers can know about whether the information is the historical facts or reality(现实).”可知，超过60%的青少年可以知道信息是历史事实还是现实，故填whether。
48．根据“And 55.3 percent can recognize information which is harmful for them.”可知，55.3%的人能够识别出对他们有害的信息，故填harmful。
49．根据“To change the situation, the experts suggest highly improving the idea of game literacy.”可知，为了改变这种情况，专家们建议高度提高游戏素养的概念。故填idea。
50．根据“Family, school and community need to work together to improve the game literacy and help students use the Internet properly.”可知，家庭，学校和社区需要共同努力，提高游戏素养，帮助学生正确使用互联网。故填properly。
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