津译林版（2020）必修第二册-Unit 4 Exploring literature单元习题课件(共124张PPT)

(共124张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 4 Exploring literature
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.________ （devote） to teaching all his life, the old man has earned the reputation that he deserves.
Devoted
解析 句意为：这位老人毕生致力于教书，赢得了应有的名声。be devoted to doing sth意为“致力于做某事”。
2.The new discovery of oil is of great___________ （significant） to this area's economy.
significance
解析 句意为：石油的新发现对这个地区的经济有着重大意义。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填名词，作of的宾语。be of great significance与be very significant同义。
3.The beauty of Jiuzhaigou is beyond ___________ （e to Jiuzhaigou and you will have an unforgettable experience in this fairyland.
description
解析 句意为：九寨沟的美是无法形容的。来到九寨沟，在这个仙境你会有一次难忘的体验。beyond description意为“无法形容的”。
4.Laughter is a kind of _________ （universe） body language that is shared by people of all nationalities, skin colours, cultures and traditions.
universal
解析 句意为：笑是一种不同民族、肤色、文化和传统的人所共有的身体语言。此处应用形容词修饰名词短语body language，故填universal。
5.He has decided to settle ____________ （permanent） in France because he is fond of the romantic country.
permanently
解析 句意为：他决定定居法国，因为他喜欢浪漫的国家。设空处应填副词作状语，修饰settle。
6.As each New Year's Day comes near, people often reflect ________ their gains and losses in the year.
on/upon
解析 句意为：随着每年元旦的临近，人们常常会反思这一年的得与失。reflect on/upon意为“反思”，为固定短语。
7.___ summary, people who succeed aren't successful by accident.
In
解析 句意为：总而言之，成功的人不是偶然成功的。in summary为固定短语，意为“总的来说”。
8.When reading a novel, be sure to consider the cultural context _______ the novel is created.
where
解析 句意为：阅读小说时，一定要考虑创作小说时的文化背景。分析句子结构可知，设空处需要用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是context，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需要用关系副词where引导定语从句。
9.A series of manned spacecraft __________________ （launch） into planned orbit successfully since China's space exploration project started.
have been launched
解析 句意为：自中国的太空探索工程启动以来，一系列载人航天器被成功发射进入预定轨道。根据句中的since China's space exploration project started可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；spacecraft与launch之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。主句主语A series of manned spacecraft为复数概念，助动词应用have。
10.The Marvel （漫威） Cinematic Universe or MCU for short is the shared place where all 22 films _________ （feature） the comic book characters are set.
featuring
解析 句意为：漫威电影宇宙，或简称MCU，是所有22部以漫画人物为主角的电影拍摄的共同场景。分析句子结构可知，____ the comic book characters是后置定语，修饰films， feature是及物动词，意为“以……为特色；上演”，和films构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。故填featuring。
根据提示补全句子。
1.他们发现竹子对气候变化非常敏感。（sensitive）
They have found that bamboo ___ very _________ ___ climate change.
is
sensitive
to
2.不论有多难，他都决心去尝试一下这个实验。（determined）
However difficult it is, he a go at the experiment.
[答案] is; determined; to; have
3.他利用当驾驶员的经验制作了一档纪实节目。（experience）
He ______ ____ ____ __________ ___ a driver to make a documentary programme.
drew
on
his
experience
as
4.总统呼吁在场的所有人都采取行动应对全球变暖。（appeal）
The president _________ ___ all the people present ___ _____ _______ to deal with global warming.
appealed
to
to
take
action
5.在这些新的实验中，两只狗被安置在彼此相邻的地方，通过屏幕它们可以看到彼此。（定语从句）
In these new experiments, two dogs were housed next to each other with a screen ________ _______ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______.
through
which
they
could
see
each
other
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A child finding a shell and 1. . （amaze） at the sound from it may not realize that he has discovered 2. . unnoticed new world which has brought unnoticed beauty to him. And we may not realize that literature 3. . （appeal） to so many of us with its three significant 4. . （quality） since we began the study of it.
Firstly, literature presents truth and beauty. Sensitive writers and poets describe unnoticed truth and beauty of the world, and bring them to human's attention. Those who read their works will be able to see the 5. . （hide） beauty too. Secondly, literature can appeal to people to dig out their own feelings and imagination. What 6. . （attract） people most is that literature can use words to wake us up to have the power to feel and imagine,
amazed
an
has appealed
qualities
hidden
attracts
7. . guides readers into a world of love, beauty and heroism. Thirdly, with the two features above 8. . （combine）, literature will try to be permanent by guaranteeing to have both universal interest and personal style. No writer can describe human life without 9. . （reflect） his or her own life and experiences.
In summary, literature is the expression of life 10. . forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
which
combined
reflecting
in
1.________
amazed
解析 ___at the sound from it与finding a shell共同作定语修饰child，amaze与child之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词短语作后置定语。
2.____
an
解析 此处泛指“一个未曾注意过的新世界”，且unnoticed的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。
3.____________
has appealed
解析 根据since we began the study of it可知，应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响。
4.________
qualities
解析 quality在此意为“特性；特点”，为可数名词，且设空处前有three修饰，应用名词复数形式。
5._______
hidden
解析 设空处作定语，修饰名词beauty，意为“隐藏的；隐秘的”，故填hidden。
6._______
attracts
解析 设空处为What引导的主语从句的谓语，此处为客观介绍，应用一般现在时。
7._______
which
解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the power to feel and imagine，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。
8.__________
combined
解析 此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，combine与the two features之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。
9._________
reflecting
解析 设空处作介词without的宾语，应用动名词。
10.___
in
解析 in forms of… 为固定短语，意为“以……的形式”。
[江苏江阴高级中学2023高一期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea examines 1. . （man） place in the world while exploring his need 2. . survival.
Hemingway has much to say in The Old Man and the Sea.One of the more common themes is man vs nature, which is a main idea that 3. . （specific） describes humanity against the natural world. True to this, Santiago faces several challenges from nature, the 4. . （obvious） being his battle with the giant fish. Their struggle lasts two days before Santiago kills the fish. So, what does this struggle tell us As for Santiago, this struggle presents the main character to 5. . we should show respect.
man's
for
specifically
most obvious
whom
Understanding this theme in The Old Man and the Sea helps explain why the novel is 6. . classic. The importance of being determined and never giving up helps define the type of people we are. Man is always going to be faced with 7. . （challenge） from nature and 8. . he faces these challenges, and what type of action he takes, are areas of thought that attract readers and stay with them long after they have read the novel. These types of questions will always be important. Being capable of 9. . （stand） the test of time is part of why this novel 10. . （assume） as a classic.
a
challenges
how
standing
is assumed
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》中人类面对挑战所体现的精神。
1.______
man's
解析 句意为：欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》在探索人类生存需求的同时，审视了人类在世界上的地位。设空处修饰名词place，应用名词所有格。故填man's。
2.____
for
解析 句意见上一题解析。need for… 为固定用法，意为“对……的需要”。故填for。
3.___________
specifically
解析 句意为：其中一个比较常见的主题是人与自然，这是一个专门描述人类对抗自然世界的主题思想。设空处修饰动词describes，应用副词。故填specifically。
4._____________
most obvious
解析 句意为：事实上，圣地亚哥面临着来自大自然的几个挑战，最明显的是他与大鱼的搏斗。根据句意及空前的the可知，此处应用形容词最高级，most obvious意为“最明显的”。故填most obvious。
5._______
whom
解析 句意为：至于圣地亚哥，这场斗争呈现出我们应该尊敬的主要人物。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为the main character，指人，关系词在从句中作to的宾语，设空处应用whom。故填whom。
6.___
a
解析 句意为：理解《老人与海》中的这一主题有助于解释为什么这部小说是经典之作。此处泛指该小说是“一部经典之作”，classic的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
7.__________
challenges
解析 句意为：人类总是会面临来自自然的挑战，人类如何面对这些挑战，以及采取什么样的行动，这些都是吸引读者的思想领域，并在他们读完小说后很长一段时间内停留在他们的脑海中。根据句意及下文中的these challenges可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填challenges。
8._____
how
解析 句意见上一题解析。 ___ he faces these challenges与what type of action he takes共同作分句的主语，因此，设空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作方式状语，应用how。故填how。
9.________
standing
解析 句意为：能够经得起时间的考验是这部小说被认为是经典之作的部分原因。be capable of doing sth为固定搭配，意为“能够做某事”。故填standing。
10.___________
is assumed
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为客观介绍，应用一般现在时；设空处为why引导的宾语从句的谓语，assume与从句主语this novel之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；从句主语this novel为单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is assumed。
长难句分析
句意:人类总是会面临来自自然的挑战，人类如何面对这些挑战，以及采取什么样的行动，这些都是吸引读者的思想领域，并在他们读完小说后很长一段时间内停留在他们的脑海中。
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[湖南长沙雅礼中学2023高一月考] A
We are excited to announce that Karen Russell—author of the novels Sleep Donation and Swamplandia!—will judge our 2023 American Short（er） Fiction Prize.
General Guidelines
Stories must be 1,000 words or fewer. You are allowed to include up to three stories per entry.Please submit （提交） all stories in one document. Each story must begin on a new page and be clearly titled.For the title of your submission, list the story titles, separated by a comma.
The first-place winner will receive a?$1,000 prize and publication （出版） in a future issue of American Short Fiction （ASF）.All entries will be considered for publication. Please submit your?$18 entry fee and your work through Submittable. We no longer accept submissions by post.
You may submit multiple entries. We accept only previously unpublished works.
Submit your entry online between November 15, 2022—February 15, 2023.
Conflicts （冲突） of Interest
Staff and volunteers currently working for ASF are not fit for consideration or publication. Additionally, students, former students, and colleagues of the judge's are not admitted to participate （参加）.We ask that previous winners wait three years after their winning entry is published before entering again.
About short stories, Russell has said, “I think as a writer, what helps me is that you cordon off （封锁） this landscape where you can explore a single question or a single idea. You can have a premise that you spin out almost like a science experiment. You have your counter-factual reality, and those constraints help a lot… Short stories have a different impact in part because they work almost like a poem does. They have that compaction.” With those words of encouragement and inspiration, good luck! We can't wait for your submissions!
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国短篇小说大赛的相关信息。
1.How many stories can a participant submit at most ( )
C
A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.
解析 细节理解题。根据General Guidelines部分中的Stories must be 1，000 words or fewer.You are allowed to include up to three stories per entry.可知，参赛作品最多包括三篇故事。
2.What may the first-place prizewinner get ( )
A
A.A?$1,000 prize. B.A return of?$18 entry fee.
C.Meeting with Karen Russell. D.Publication in a past issue of ASF.
解析 细节理解题。根据General Guidelines部分中的The first-place winner will receive a?$1,000 prize and publication in a future issue of American Short Fiction （ASF）.可知，第一名获奖者将获得1,000美元的奖金，其作品将在未来一期《美国短篇小说》杂志上发表。
3.Which of the following may be qualified to participate ( )
B
A.Volunteers of ASF. B.A new fiction writer.
C.Last year's prizewinners. D.Students of the judge's.
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，ASF当前的志愿者以及与裁判相关的人员不能参加，而且以前的获奖选手在获奖作品发表后三年内不能参加。由此可推断，只有新手才可以参赛。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
title vt.（给书、乐曲等）加标题，定题目 n.标题；头衔
熟词生义
entry n.熟义：进入；加入；参与 生义：参赛作品
B
I have been studying literature all the time, so someone asked me if I made the wrong choice by devoting myself to studying literature. I was deep in thought.
A good friend of mine took every single literature class she could while in college and decided early on that she wasn't cut out to be a teacher. Her parents were concerned because she didn't really focus on becoming something that would pay the bills. In order to mollify their concerns, she took a library science course and told them she would regard library science as a career path. But she ended up taking a job as a communications assistant at a mid-size company and eventually became the director of communications. She put her literature studies to work in making company materials and had benefited a lot from that.
Another friend turned his love of Hemingway's writings into inspiration for his artworks. Most people don't stay at one job for their entire career. I can't tell you how many teachers I have worked with over the years give up teaching to paint houses, work in an advertising company, start a company and so on. A degree is important for many places to get your foot in the door. But I think you should choose your job based on what you're really interested in, and no one says you have to do something for the rest of your work life.
Colleges generally don't clue you in on the possible career paths available to you with your particular studies, but some are getting far better with guiding students towards the possibilities. Your reading, writing and analytical skills would be great advantages to many companies, so don't think that your love of literature is going to leave you with few choices. So I didn't feel sad to devote myself to studying literature.
【语篇导读】作者通过讲述朋友的亲身经历，告诉人们学习文学并不会让你在职业中别无选择，你的文学素养会让你在未来的职业生涯中受益。
1.What does the underlined word “mollify” in Paragraph 2 mean ( )
B
A.Express. B.Relieve. C.Deepen. D.Realize.
解析 词义猜测题。由画线词的上文Her parents were concerned because she didn't really focus on becoming something that would pay the bills.可知，作者的那位朋友学文学，她的父母很担心她不能靠将来的职业挣钱；后面提到she took a library science course and told them she would regard library science as a career path，由此可知，后来她选修了一门图书馆学课程，并告诉父母她将把图书馆学作为职业道路。朋友这样做的目的是减轻父母的担忧。因此可以推测mollify意为“减轻”。故选B项。
2.What does the author want to say by mentioning his friends ( )
A
A.Learning literature is good for one's later careers.
B.Most people have a negative attitude towards literature.
C.His friends both disliked the career connected with literature.
D.College majors have nothing to do with career choices.
解析 推理判断题。由文章第二段中的She put her literature studies to work in making company materials and had benefited a lot from that.可知，作者的朋友将自己所学的文学知识运用到公司材料的制作中，从中获益匪浅。由此可以推断，作者提到朋友的例子是想说明文学对一个人以后的职业生涯有好处。故选A项。
3.Which of the following does the author probably agree with ( )
D
A.Change your jobs frequently. B.Stay at one job for all your life.
C.Love whatever job you take up. D.Choose your job by your interest.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的But I think you should choose your job based on what you're really interested in… 可知，作者认为应该根据你真正感兴趣的事情来选择你的工作。故选D项。
4.What can we infer about the author from the passage ( )
A
A.He didn't regret studying literature all the time.
B.He had a negative attitude towards literature learning.
C.He thought that love for literature held the key to career paths.
D.He thought that colleges should design career paths for students.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的So I didn't feel sad to devote myself to studying literature.可知，作者并没有为自己投身文学研究而感到悲哀。由此可以推断，作者并不后悔一直在研究文学。故选A项。
长难句分析
句意:但我认为你应该根据自己真正感兴趣的东西来选择工作，没有人说你在接下来的工作生涯中必须从事某种工作。
词汇加油站
熟词生义
clue 熟义：n.线索；提示 生义：vt.给（某人）提供线索；告知
clue sb in on sth给某人提供最新信息
[湖南株洲天元区2023高一月考] Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and researchers, who specialise in a given field. Why is literature important Let's see.
Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social criteria （准则）.They're a description of the different aspects of common people's life.1. . They also encourage imagination and creativity. Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing one with the finest educational opportunities. On the other hand, the lack of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving （剥夺） one of the opportunity to grow.
Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding principles of life. Works by poets like Homer, Plato, Sappho, Horace and many more are timeless.2. . The Lord of the Rings and A Tale of Two Cities are some of the best-selling books of all time that have entertained several generations.
D
F
There are also great works in children's literature. Amused by the stories they tell, kids associate themselves with these books' characters and idealise some of them. Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers to let the kids learn important lessons in life. Aesop, Enid Blyton, and Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular children's authors.3. .
True, languages are the building blocks of literature. But the study of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.4. . A degree in language and literature perhaps can't provide one with everything literature can offer. Its scope （范围） is so deep and wide that even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature.
5. . Great literary and poetic works help a person take a closer look at the different aspects of living. In many ways, literature, in its different forms, can change one's attitude towards living.
C
E
A
A.Literature helps understand life.
B.Literature has an effect on health and wealth.
C.They have enriched the childhoods of so many.
D.Classical literary works serve as food for thought.
E.In fact, literature can't be limited to an educational course.
F.They have always amused their readers and will continue to.
G.Instead, literature lays the foundation for a wealthy life, adding “life” to “living”.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了文学的重要性。
1.___
D
解析 设空处后一句They also encourage imagination and creativity.提到了文学作品的其中一个作用，根据其中的关键词also可知，设空处也应提到文学作品的作用。D项（经典文学作品引人深思）符合语境。
2.___
F
解析 空前一句论述了一些伟大的诗人的作品是永不过时的，F项（它们总是为读者提供消遣，并将继续这样做）接着论述这些作品的影响力，符合语境，F项中的They指代前一句中的Works。
3.___
C
解析 根据本段首句内容可知，本段介绍的是儿童文学的影响；设空处前一句列举了一些儿童文学作家，C项（他们丰富了许多人的童年）与本段儿童文学主题一致，选项中的They指代前一句中提到的儿童文学作家。
4.___
E
解析 设空处前一句指出文学研究不能局限于语言研究，设空处后一句又指出一个语言文学学位也许不能提供文学所能提供的一切，由此可推知，文学范围很广，不能仅限于语言研究，E项（事实上，文学不能局限于一门教育课程）与此处语义一致，符合语境。
5.___
A
解析 设空处位于段首，是段落主题句，结合空后的内容可知，本段主要讲述文学对生活的影响，the different aspects of living和change one's attitude towards living为关键信息，故A项（文学有助于理解生活）符合语境。
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Museums are places where __________ （collect） of objects are preserved and put on show.
collections
解析 句意为：博物馆是保存和展示收藏品的地方。a collection of/collections of… 意为“……的收藏品”。
2.Acts of __________ （generous） can change lives or just give you the warm feeling of love.
generosity
解析 句意为：慷慨的行为可以改变生活，或者给你一种温暖的爱的感觉。此处在介词of后应用名词，故填generosity。
3.He is famous both as a novelist and a _____ （poetry）, but he is more famous for his novels.
poet
解析 句意为：他是有名的小说家和诗人，但是他因小说而更出名。poetry意为“诗歌”，根据语境可知，此处指诗人，故填poet。
4.If you know ____ topic of your speech very well, you will be half successful.
the
解析 句意为：如果你非常熟悉你演讲的主题，你就成功了一半。根据语境可知，此处特指演讲的主题，故填the。
5.There is another important reason why everyone should read more books, ___ particular fiction.
in
解析 句意为：为什么每个人都应该多读书，尤其是小说，还有另一个重要的原因。in particular意为“尤其;特别”。
6.Public gathering places ought to ____________ （decorate） with flowers, gifts and lanterns to celebrate the great occasion.
be decorated
解析 句意为：公共集会场所应该用鲜花、礼物和灯笼来装饰，以庆祝这个伟大的时刻。ought to为情态动词，其后应接动词原形；decorate与places之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
7.The doctor recommended that we _____ （take） exercise regularly to keep fit.
take
解析 句意为：医生建议我们应该经常锻炼以保持健康。recommend作“建议”讲时，常用动名词或that从句作宾语，从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
8.Missing this train means ________ （wait） for another hour.
waiting
解析 句意为：错过这辆火车意味着得再等一小时。mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”，为固定短语。
【知识拓展】mean的用法
（1）vt.意思是；意欲；打算；意味着。mean to do sth意为“打算做某事”；mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”。如：I've been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week.我一直想问你，下个星期你想不想来吃顿饭。（2）adj.吝啬的；刻薄的。如：She's always been mean with money.她在花钱方面总是非常吝啬。
9.The Students' Union is like a huge stage, _______ everyone spares no effort to achieve their dreams.
where
解析 句意为：学生会就像一个巨大的舞台，每个人都不遗余力地实现自己的梦想。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为stage，表示抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
10.The Silk Road in the past was not only one single road, but a whole collection of routes by which goods ________________ （transport） between the East and the West.
were transported
解析 句意为：古代的“丝绸之路”不仅是一条单一的路，而且是东方和西方之间货物运输的一个整体路线。goods与transport之间为被动关系，此处指过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
根据提示补全句子。
1.那位国王对一切都如此挑剔，任何仆人都无法令他满意。（particular）
The king was ___ _________ ______ __________ that no servants could satisfy him.
so
particular
about
everything
2.他决定立刻免费为无家可归的人们提供食物。
He decided to ________ ____ _________ _____ food for free on the spot.
provide
the
homeless
with
3.能够谱曲给我带来了希望和一种满足感。（capable）
______ ________ ___ writing compositions brought me hope and a sense of satisfaction.
Being
capable
of
4.这套书很有教育意义，非常值得阅读。（worth）
This set of books are very instructive and ____ _____ ______ ________.
are
well
worth
reading
5.14岁以下的儿童必须由成年人陪同参观博物馆。（accompany）
Children under 14 ______ ____ ____________ by an adult to visit the museum.
must
be
accompanied
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven ____ have a significant impact on the brain's development.
can
解析 句意为：一些科学证据表明人在七岁以前的音乐训练对大脑的发育可能有重要的影响。根据句意可知，此处表示理论上的可能性，应用情态动词can。
2.Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, but it ___________________ also be depressing at times.
can/could/may/might
解析 句意为：科技理应会让我们的生活更轻松，但它有时也会让人沮丧。根据句意可知，此处表示可能性，应用情态动词can, could, may或might。
3.One of our rules is that every student _____ wear school uniform while at school.
shall
解析 句意为：我们的规定之一是每个学生在学校都应该穿校服。shall用于陈述句的第三人称时，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应该；必须”。
4.When the weather was fine, he _______ keep his wife company along the riverbank.
would
解析 句意为：天气好的时候，他总会陪着妻子沿着河岸散步。根据When the weather was fine可知，此处表示过去的习惯，故填would。
5.From the moment he ______ read, he was never without a book in his hands.
could
解析 句意为：从他会读书的那一刻起，他手里随时都有一本书。根据he was never without a book in his hands可知，此处表示过去的动作，结合句意可知，设空处表示过去的某种能力，应用情态动词could。
6.People ________ talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.
mustn't
解析 句意为：人们禁止在开车时打电话。根据句意及常识可知，此处表示禁止，应用情态动词mustn't。
7.You'd better send Lisa back home, because it's too late and she _____ not go home alone at night.
dare
解析 句意为：你最好把莉萨送回家，因为太晚了，她晚上不敢一个人回家。设空处后为动词原形，根据句意可知，此处表示“不敢”，应用情态动词dare。
8.Previously, visitors needed ________ （wait） for a week to get such permission.
to wait
解析 句意为：以前，游客需要等待一周才能获得此类许可。根据needed可知，此处为一般过去时，needed在此为实义动词，其后应接不定式。故填to wait。
9.You have to ______ （think） through what might happen before you make a decision.
think
解析 句意为：在作决定之前，你必须全面考虑可能发生的情况。have to为情态动词，意为“不得不”，其后接动词原形。故填think。
10.If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
must
解析 句意为：如果你非要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。此处应填must，表示“偏要；非要……不可”。
11.To improve the environmental condition of the area, many trees should __________ （plant） on the mountains.
be planted
解析 句意为：为了改善该地区的环境状况，应该在山上种很多树。情态动词后应用动词原形，plant与many trees之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be planted。
12.I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning. She _________ not have spoken at the meeting.
can/could
解析 句意为：今天早上我在会议室没看到她。她不可能在会上发言了。根据句意及第一句中的didn't see可知，此处表示对过去情况的否定推测，意为“过去不可能做某事”，应用can/could not have done。
[四川南充2023高一期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After learning about the life of the master poet in the historical documentary Li Bai on CCTV-9, quite a few young Chinese 1________ （viewer） have gone to social media to talk about pursuing their dreams. The programme is aimed at 2__________（rebuild） a well-rounded image of the great poet Li Bai based on solid historical records and the recent research 3_______ （carry） out by experts and scholars.
The third episode 4_______ （main） describes the stories between Li and his friend, another famous poet, Du Fu. Their friendship is referred to 5___ a “fairy friendship”.In BBC's Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, Yuan Haiwang said, “Du's poems are as important in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare is to people in Britain.” This remark can also 6________ （use） for Li's poems.7_______ （live） in the Tang Dynasty during the “Golden Age of Chinese Poetry”, Li used his talent to send poetry to a new height.
viewers
rebuilding
carried
mainly
as
be used
Living
The documentary shows Li's extraordinary imagination, 8_______ was vivid and fertile, and the lofty dreams that remained after being hit by reality. The story of the poet's life has aroused 9___ number of young Chinese's interest in asking, “What would they do if their dreams were frustrated （受挫） ” Some netizens wrote that unlike Li, they might change to another dream in order not to give 10___________ （they） too much pressure, while other netizens said they would choose to “hold on straight to the end”.
which
a
themselves
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了历史纪录片《李白》激发了中国青年追求梦想的热情。
1.________
viewers
解析 句意为：在中央电视台纪录频道播出的历史纪录片《李白》中了解了这位大诗人的生平之后，不少中国年轻观众纷纷在社交媒体上谈论自己追求的梦想。viewer为可数名词，其前有quite a few修饰，且根据谓语have gone to可知，设空处应用复数形式。故填viewers。
2.__________
rebuilding
解析 句意为：该节目旨在根据可靠的历史记录和专家、学者们最近开展的研究，重建伟大诗人李白的全面形象。be aimed at doing… 为固定搭配，意为“旨在做……”。故填rebuilding。
3._______
carried
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语is aimed,设空处应用非谓语形式；carry out与research之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填carried。
【知识拓展】分词作定语
（1）作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being+过去分词”和过去分词。当被修饰的名词与动词之间为逻辑上的主动关系时，用现在分词作定语；当被修饰的名词与动词之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being+过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与动词之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。（2）作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已完成，不表被动。如：falling leaves正在下落的叶子；fallen leaves落叶。
4._______
mainly
解析 句意为：第三集主要描述了李白和他的朋友——另一位著名诗人杜甫之间的故事。设空处修饰动词describes，作状语，应用副词。故填mainly。
5.___
as
解析 句意为：他们的友谊被称为“童话般的友谊”。be referred to as… 为固定搭配，意为“被称作……；被称为……”。故填as。
6.________
be used
解析 句意为：这个评论也可以用于李白的诗。设空处位于情态动词can后，应用动词原形；use和This remark之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be used。
7._______
Living
解析 句意为：生活在被称为“中国诗歌黄金时代”的唐朝，李白用他的才华将诗歌推向了一个新的高度。句中已有谓语used，设空处应用非谓语形式；live和Li之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Living。
8._______
which
解析 句意为：这部纪录片展现了李白非凡的想象力，这种想象力生动而丰富，同时展现了被现实打击后仍旧存在的崇高梦想。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是imagination，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
9.___
a
解析 句意为：这位诗人的生平故事引发了许多中国年轻人的兴趣，他们会问：“如果梦想受挫，他们会怎么办？” a number of… 为固定短语，意为“许多……”。故填a。
10.___________
themselves
解析 句意为：一些网友写道，与李白不同，他们可能会换一个梦想，以免给自己太多压力，而其他网友则表示，他们会选择“坚持到底”。设空处作give 的宾语，与主语they指代相同，应用反身代词。故填themselves。
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[山东烟台二中2022高二月考] People who seek comfort by pouring their hearts out in Courtney's office don't get rewarded with an Xanax or Prozac prescription （处方）.Instead, they walk away with a reading list of some fictions.
Such fictions as To Kill a Mockingbird and The Colour Purple teach you complicated topics like racism, poverty, bullying and other issues. They could also help you know your own heart and others'.Keith Oatley, a psychology professor at University of Toronto, recommends novels that help us understand the characters from the inside rather than plot-driven novels. We can learn from literary masterpieces, such as Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway, or from popular fictions such as Harry Potter.Spending quality time with these characters as you relax on the beach or sit propping against the pillows may enhance your EQ （emotional intelligence）.
Lab tests seem to show this. Brain scans of people who have been reading fictions show the area that corresponds with emotion lights up. Even if you are not a keen reader, there's still hope. Past studies have shown serial TV programmes that are character-driven such as The West Wing or The Good Wife also help you better understand what we human beings are up to.Other studies have shown watching character-driven sitcoms can lessen a viewer's prejudice.
You can be as witty as Sherlock, but to get along well in this life, you really do need to understand people emotionally. And you can't be as emotionally unavailable as Mr Darcy throughout much of Pride and Prejudice.You have to learn the lesson Jane Austen is trying to teach with that book. Kieth said, “To love people, you really have to know them.” People say you only get one life, but I say read fictions and you can live many lives through the pages.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了阅读小说对提升人们的情商有益。
1.Which statement is true according to the passage ( )
C
A.Reading novels cures diseases. B.Plot-driven novels are not beneficial.
C.Woolf stands out as a novelist. D.Brain scans influence people's EQ.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的We can learn from literary masterpieces, such as Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway, or from popular fictions such as Harry Potter.可知，弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙的作品很著名，她是一位著名的小说家，C选项描述正确。故选C项。
2.How is the third paragraph mainly developed ( )
C
A.By listing numbers and data. B.By following time order.
C.By providing some evidence. D.By using good comparisons.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句Lab tests seem to show this.可知，本段主要列举了一些可以证明上文结论的研究及其结果，为上文提供证据。故选C项。
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph ( )
B
A.Sherlock gets along well in life. B.Darcy is not very emotionally intelligent.
C.Kieth loves reading Austen's novels. D.Reading fictions can lengthen our life.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And you can't be as emotionally unavailable as Mr Darcy throughout much of Pride and Prejudice.可知，达西先生是一个感情用事的人，情商不高。故选B项。
4.What is the best title for the text ( )
D
A.The Collapse of Traditional Prescription B.Ways to Boost EQ
C.Suggestions on Choosing Right Novels D.Reading Fictions Benefits EQ
解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段引出文章主题，当人们倾诉衷肠寻求安慰时，考特尼诊所的医生不会给他们开药，而是给病人推荐一些小说，再结合下文中作者所举的例子及论述可知,本文主题是“阅读小说对人的情商有益”，D选项最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
长难句分析
句意：过去的研究表明，诸如《白宫风云》或《傲骨贤妻》等以角色为导向的电视连续剧也有助于你更好地了解我们人类在做什么。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
2.masterpiece n.代表作；杰作；名著
3.lessen vi.& vt.（使）减少；（使）降低
进阶词汇
up to sth正在干某事；从事着某事；达到（某数量、程度等）
William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin in 1865.His childhood . .1. . the harmony that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”.In fact, he inherited （继承） excellent taste in . .2. . from his family—both his father and his brother were painters. But he finally . .3. . literature, . .4. . drama and poetry.
Yeats had strong . .5. . in the coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the . .6. . task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s. His early theatrical experiments, . .7. ., were not received favourably at the beginning. He didn't lose heart, and finally enjoyed . .8. . in his poetical drama.. .9. . with his dramatic works, Yeats's poems attract much . .10. . notice. The subject matter includes love, nature, history, time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide . .11. ..
He had not enjoyed a major public life . .12. . he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923.Yet, he . .13. . writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be . .14. . as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who . .15. . his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75.After Yeats's death in 1939, W.H.Auden wrote, among others, the following lines:
Earth, receive an honoured guest:
William Yeats is laid to rest.
Let the Irish vessel （船） lie
Emptied of its poetry.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了诗人、剧作家威廉·巴特勒·叶芝的人物生平。
1.( )A.held B.lacked C.expected D.desired
B
解析 句意为：他的童年缺乏一个幸福家庭所特有的和谐（气氛）。根据下文的Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”可知，叶芝的童年只有痛苦，缺乏（lacked）和谐的气氛，故选B项。
2.( )A.art B.poetry C.drama D.literature
A
解析 句意为：事实上，他从他的家族那里继承了极高的艺术品位——他的父亲和哥哥都是画家。根据空后的both his father and his brother were painters可知，叶芝从家族那里遗传了极高的艺术（art）品位，故选A项。
3.( )A.carried on B.decided on C.put on D.based on
B
解析 句意为：但他最终选择了文学，尤其是戏剧和诗歌。根据前文内容及But可知，虽然从家族那里遗传了艺术品位，但最后选定（decided on）了文学。故选B项。
4.( )A.regularly B.instantly C.particularly D.finally
C
解析 根据文章可知，叶芝是在戏剧和诗歌领域取得了成就，所以此处指叶芝最终选择了文学，尤其是（particularly）戏剧和诗歌。故选C项。
5.( )A.desire B.energy C.access D.faith
D
解析 句意为：叶芝坚信新的艺术运动的到来。根据设空处所在的句子和下文的He didn't lose heart（他没有灰心）可知，对于新艺术运动的到来他秉承着坚定的信念。故选D项。
6.( )A.fresh B.stupid C.small D.common
A
解析 句意为：在19世纪90年代末，他为自己设立了新的任务——创办爱尔兰国家剧院。根据语境可知，叶芝给自己设定了新的（fresh）任务，故选A项。
7.( )A.therefore B.however C.besides D.otherwise
B
解析 句意为：然而，他早期的戏剧实验在一开始并不受欢迎。根据下文的He didn't lose heart（他没有灰心）可知，最开始他的戏剧并未受到欢迎，与前文是转折关系，故选B项。
8.( )A.failure B.independence C.pleasure D.success
D
解析 句意为：他没有灰心，最后他在诗剧方面获得了成功。根据语境可知，叶芝没有灰心，最终获得了成功（success），故选D项。
9.( )A.Connected B.Occupied C.Compared D.Tired
C
解析 句意为：与他的戏剧作品相比，叶芝的诗歌很引人注目。根据dramatic works和poems可知在将两者作比较，compared with… 是固定搭配，意为“与……相比较”，故选C项。
10.( )A.admiring B.amusing C.amazing D.envying
A
解析 根据上文戏剧作品的不受欢迎及空前的attract much可知，叶芝的诗歌与他的戏剧作品相比，诗歌更加令人赞赏，故选A项。
11.( )A.praise B.spread C.recognition D.assessment
C
解析 句意为：随着他的文学生活的发展，他的诗歌变得更精致、更丰富，这使他得到了全世界的认可。根据his poetry grew finer and richer及worldwide可知，叶芝的诗歌使他得到了全世界的认可。故选C项。
12.( )A.before B.since C.until D.when
B
解析 句意为：自从1923年获得诺贝尔文学奖以来，他一直没有享受过普通的生活。since意为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，从句用过去时，主句用完成时，故选B项。
13.( )A.continued B.abandoned C.appreciated D.recommended
A
解析 句意为：然而，他几乎一直写作到生命的尽头。根据空后的to the end of his life可知，他在继续写作。continue doing… 意为“继续做……”，故选A项。
14.( )A.respected B.admired C.valued D.favoured
C
解析 根据语境可知，如果叶芝在40岁就停止写作，那么文学史上就错失一位在50岁到75岁之间还能创作出伟大作品的诗人，这样的话，叶芝可能被视为一位名不见经传的诗人。value… as… 意为“把……视为……”，故选C项。
15.( )A.prohibits B.attempts C.recommends D.produces
D
解析 表示创作（作品）应用produce，故选D项。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The expression on his face suggested that he was __________ （extreme） angry.
extremely
解析 句意为：他脸上的表情表明他非常生气。分析句子成分可知，此处应该用副词修饰形容词angry，故填extremely。
2.He always stayed after school to __________ （straight） chairs and mop the floor.
straighten
解析 句意为：放学后，他总是留下来整理椅子和拖地。straighten chairs意为“整理椅子”，此处须用straight的动词形式，即straighten。
3.They asked me so many __________ （confuse） questions that I got _________ （confuse） at last.
confusing
confused
解析 句意为：他们问了我如此多令人困惑的问题以至于最后把我问糊涂了。confusing意为“令人困惑的”；confused意为“困惑的”。
【易混辨析】-ing形式与-ed形式的形容词的区别
-ing形式的形容词作表语或定语，多表示主语或被修饰词所具有的特征，基本含义是“令人……的”；-ed形式的形容词多表示主语或被修饰词所处的状态，基本含义是“感到……的”。如：
exciting令人兴奋的 excited兴奋的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed失望的；沮丧的
surprising使人惊讶的 surprised惊讶的
4.In the last few years, China has made great _____________ （achievement） in environmental protection.
achievements
解析 句意为：在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大的成就。achievement意为“成就”时是可数名词，此处表示不止一项成就，应用复数形式。make great achievements意为“取得巨大的成就”。
5.It took me a very long time to get _____ the shock of her death.
over
解析 句意为：得知她去世的消息我惊愕不已，很长时间才缓过劲儿来。get over意为“从（不快或疾病中）恢复过来；克服，战胜（问题、困难）；使明白”。
6.How time flies!This school term will have been over in ___ flash.
a
解析 句意为：光阴似箭！这个学期就要结束了。in a flash意为“转瞬间；立即”，为固定短语。
7.Body language is particularly important when we attempt _______________ （communicate） across culture.
to communicate
解析 句意为：当我们尝试进行跨文化交流时，肢体语言特别重要。attempt to do sth为固定搭配，意为“尝试/试图做某事”。
8.He told us that the building __________________ （destroy） when he came to the city two years ago.
had been destroyed
解析 句意为：他告诉我们两年前他来到这个城市时，这座建筑已经被毁坏了。主句时态是一般过去时，宾语从句时态要与其一致，且宾语从句中动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，所以用过去完成时；the building与destroy之间为被动关系，此处须用被动语态，故填had been destroyed。
9.After ______________ （defeat） in the final match, he would rather keep silent than make any comment.
being defeated
解析 句意为：在决赛中被击败后，他宁愿保持沉默也不愿发表任何评论。After在此处是介词，其后的动词需要用动名词形式；he与defeat之间为被动关系，此处表示被击败，应用动名词的被动语态，故填being defeated。
10.The project is based on an agreement, one of whose purposes is to ensure that the project can ________________ （accomplish） before the deadline.
be accomplished
解析 句意为：该项目基于一项协议，其目的之一是确保项目能够在最后期限之前完成。情态动词can后应用动词原形；the project与accomplish之间为被动关系，故填be accomplished。
根据提示补全句子。
1.这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。
The little boy is ____ _______ ___ ________ the heavy stone.
too
young
to
raise/lift
2.大多数年轻人对流行音乐很赞赏。
Pop music ___ _____ ________ ___ by most young people.
is
well
thought
of
3.不论你是谁，都有学习的权利。
Whoever you are, you _____ ______ _____ ___ ______.
have
a/the
right
to
learn
4.他正要说话时电话铃响了。（point）
He was ____ ____ ______ ___ _______ something ______ the phone rang.
on
the
point
of
saying
when
5.如果你用尽全力拼搏，那就不会有后悔和悲伤。
There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight _____ ____ _____ ________.
with
all
your
strength
Peter Ripken loves literature and reads books by writers all over the world. He learnt years ago that not all nations permit writers to express themselves freely. In fact, free expression can be quite dangerous in many places.
So, Ripken decided to act. He helped establish an organization, the International Cities of Refuge Network （ICORN）, to protect writers. Its founders sought to persuade cities, not central governments, to give refuge to persecuted （受迫害的） writers. He was involved right from the beginning, from the mid-1990s, to set up this programme.
Originally, he had a different view of his future as a young man. He thought of becoming a bookseller because of his reading obsession when he was 15.But he did not become a bookseller. Instead, in the late 1960s, Ripken began a five-year stint as a manager in an aid organization working in Africa. But his love for the written word remained strong. He then worked for three years as a deputy editor for the Africa section at a radio station. Despite his love for the job, when asked to join an organization promoting African, Asian and Latin American literature, Ripken didn't hesitate. He had fun travelling to literature conferences and holding workshops with publishers and authors. That's why he did the job for 20 years.
Ripken grew up reading German authors. But his interest broadened to other European and American literature. Then, he found what he called books “outside the norm （常态）”.This helped grow his interest in political developments in other regions.
In 2016, Ripken retired after several years as ICORN's chairman. But he is still active in the organization. His goal is to increase the group's capacity to protect and promote writers and artists at risk around the world. He said he hoped to be remembered as somebody who had promoted creativity and supported literature as a political tool and source of enjoyment.
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了彼得·里普肯如何支持文学的发展。
1.What's the role of Ripken in the development of ICORN ( )
B
A.A monitor. B.A co-founder. C.A consultant. D.An analyst.
解析 细节理解题。由文章第二段中的He helped establish an organization， the International Cities of Refuge Network （ICORN），to protect writers.可知，彼得·里普肯帮助建立了ICORN 组织以保护作家。所以他是该组织的联合创始人。故选B项。
2.What might Ripken work as in 1975 ( )
C
A.A bookseller. B.A manager. C.A deputy editor. D.A staff in ICORN.
解析 推理判断题。由文章第三段中的in the late 1960s, Ripken began a five-year stint as a manager和He then worked for three years as a deputy editor可知，在20世纪60年代末，里普肯开始在非洲的一个援助组织担任经理并且任职五年，随后他在一个电台担任了三年非洲区的副主编。由此可推断，1975年里普肯可能是副主编。故选C项。
3.What contributes to Ripken's active involvement in ICORN ( )
D
A.He grew up reading German authors.
B.He loved travelling and meeting people.
C.He's obsessed with literature all over the world.
D.He concerned himself about political developments via literature.
解析 推理判断题。由文章第四段最后一句This helped grow his interest in political developments in other regions.及最后一段可知，里普肯对其他地区的政治发展变得感兴趣，并且他支持把文学作为一种政治工具，即他通过文学对政治产生了兴趣，所以他即使退休了也仍然活跃在ICORN组织中。故选D项。
4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the passage ( )
B
A.Why politics influences literature.
B.Why literature itself is a pleasure.
C.How ICORN has become so international.
D.How people read works of literature “outside the norm”.
解析 推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句He said he hoped to be remembered as somebody who had promoted creativity and supported literature as a political tool and source of enjoyment.可知，里普肯希望人们记住他是提倡创造力和支持文学作为一种政治工具和快乐源泉的人。文中第四段和第五段谈到了政治，那么接下来的文段应该要讲文学为什么是快乐的来源。故选B项。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[河南洛阳2023联考] A
Eric Carle, the author behind The Very Hungry Caterpillar and dozens of other children's books, has passed away at the age of 91.Mr Carle's lively, creative and colourful works were loved by children around the world.
Mr Carle was the author or illustrator of over 70 books for children, including The Grouchy Ladybug, The Mixed-Up Chameleon and Papa, Please Get the Moon for Me.The Very Hungry Caterpillar was Mr Carle's best-known book. It was published in 1969.Since then, over 55 million copies of the book have been sold, and it has been translated into more than 70 different languages.
Mr Carle was born in Syracuse, New York in 1929.His parents were German. As he was growing up, Mr Carle spent a lot of time with his father, who would take him out walking in nature. His father would show him small creatures, explaining their life cycles and filling the young boy's head with wonder.
Mr Carle thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about nature. Many are about bugs like crickets, fireflies, ladybugs and butterflies. Others are about animals, like foxes, squirrels, kangaroos and bears.
In 1952, Mr Carle got a job as a graphic at The New York Times.Author Bill Martin, Jr asked Mr Carle to illustrate a story he had written.Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See was the result of their cooperation, which is Mr Carle's first try. The book came out in 1967 and was a big hit.After that, he created many children's books that were very popular with children.
Most of Mr Carle's books are meant for younger readers. He said that he wanted to help make school a fun and welcoming place.“I believe that children are naturally creative and eager to learn,” he said.“I want to show them that learning is really both fascinating and fun.”
Mr Carle will be missed, and his creative art and sweet, funny stories will continue to bring joy to very eager readers all around the world.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了儿童文学作家埃里克·卡尔的生平及他的作品。
1.When was The Very Hungry Caterpillar published ( )
D
A.In 1929. B.In 1952. C.In 1967. D.In 1969.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The Very Hungry Caterpillar was Mr Carle's best-known book.It was published in 1969.可知，《好饿的毛毛虫》一书出版于1969年。
2.Why are most of Mr Carle's books about nature according to him ( )
B
A.His parents grew up in the countryside. B.His father led him close to nature.
C.Nature gave him a lot of inspiration. D.The topic on nature is child-friendly.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段中的Mr Carle thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about nature.可知，卡尔的书大部分是关于自然这一主题是因为在他成长的过程中他的父亲经常带他亲近大自然。
3.Which of the following is the first picture book illustrated by Eric Carle ( )
D
A.The Mixed-Up Chameleon. B.The Very Hungry Caterpillar.
C.Papa, Please Get the Moon for Me. D.Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See .
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Author Bill Martin, Jr asked Mr Carle to illustrate a story he had written.和Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See , which is Mr Carle's first try.可知，埃里克·卡尔的第一本绘本是《棕熊，棕熊，你看到了什么？》。
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text ( )
A
A.To remember a great writer. B.To introduce children's books.
C.To encourage kids to read more. D.To draw more concern for kids.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容及下文对埃里克·卡尔生平和作品的介绍可知，本文讲述了一位儿童文学作家的成长及创作经历。再结合最后一段Mr Carle will be missed, and his creative art and sweet, funny stories will continue to bring joy to very eager readers all around the world.可知，作者写本文的目的是纪念这位多产的伟大作家。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
be meant for sb为某人而准备的
熟词生义
hit 熟义：vt.打，击；碰撞；遇到
生义：n.风行一时的事物 vt.使（某人）突然意识到
[全国乙2022] B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed （牵涉） drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍） of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top:“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
【语篇导读】本文以书评的形式，介绍了作家多萝西·威肯登在自己的小说中讲述奶奶年轻时和另一个女孩去一个偏远贫穷的小村落教书所经历的苦难的故事。本文作者对这部小说和小说作者给予了很高的评价。
1.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains ( )
A
A.To teach in a school. B.To study American history.
C.To write a book. D.To do sightseeing.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse可知，她们去这里的目的是教书。故选A项。
2.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3 ( )
D
A.They enjoyed much respect. B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids. D.They suffered severe hardships.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，她们像当地人一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早晨醒来时被褥上覆盖着一层雪，早晨常看到孩子们被冻哭。春天，雪被泥土替代，覆盖在冰上。由此可知，她们在那里吃了很多苦。故选D项。
3.Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising ( )
C
A.The extreme climate of Auburn. B.The living conditions in Elkhead.
C.The railroad building in the Rockies. D.The natural beauty of the West.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.可知，作品中的建设铁路的情节涉及（施工队）在天昏地暗的暴风雪中钻孔的情景，故作品中的建设铁路的情节非常惊险。故选C项。
4.What is the text ( )
B
A.A news report. B.A book review. C.A children's story. D.A diary entry.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段尾句和第四段中的In Wickenden's book以及第五段首句Wickenden is a very good storyteller.可知，本文是一篇书评，对威肯登的书进行评价。故选B项。
词汇加油站
进阶词汇
undertake vt.承担；从事；负责
熟词生义
expand 熟义：vi.& vt.（使）扩大；增加
生义：vi.详述；细谈；详细阐明
[湖南岳阳2023高一期末] Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables was first published in France in 1862 and has been a popular novel ever since. It has been . .1. . for the stage and screen many times. It is a comment on society and on the . .2. . of people through the tale of a man whose life is changed by an act of forgiveness. Forgiveness is a . .3. . repeated throughout the novel.. .4. . in the early 19th century in France, the novel records the ups and downs of the prisoner Jean Valjean, a man who has spent nineteen years in prison for . .5. . a piece of bread to feed his sister's hungry children and made many attempted escapes. After being allowed to come out of prison, Valjean cannot get a job because nobody wants to give a job to a former prisoner.. .6. ., his life changes when a priest forgives him for stealing from a church.. .7. . the priest forgives him, he goes out and steals some money from a child. He soon remembers the priest's forgiveness and . .8. . what he has done. He searches for the . .9. . to return the money but now it is too . .10. .—the police are searching for him. If they catch him, he will spent the . .11. . of his life in prison. To . .12. .the police, he changes his name from Valjean to Madeleine and eventually becomes a . .13. . man and even a mayor of a town. In his role as a mayor, he helps a woman
called Fantine and promises to take care of her daughter, Cosette. He treats Cosette like his own daughter and risks his safety for her happiness. Valjean's new life becomes . .14. . when a policeman guesses who Valjean really is and wants to send him back to prison. What follows is a long . .15. . of cat and mouse which eventually takes Valjean into the dangerous streets of Paris during the 1832 Revolution.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维克多·雨果的小说《悲惨世界》的主要内容。
1.( )A.adopted B.approved C.adapted D.adjusted
C
解析 根据上文的Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables和设空处后的for the stage and screen many times可知，此处指这部小说多次被改编，搬上舞台和银幕。adapt意为“改编；适应”，符合语境。adopt意为“采纳；收养”；approve意为“赞成”；adjust意为“调整；校正”。
2.( )A.love B.nature C.thought D.wish
B
解析 根据下文讲述的故事可知，小说围绕主人公冉·阿让的经历展开，结合法国十九世纪初期的时代背景，反映了当时的社会状况，刻画了人的本性，因此本书是对社会和人的本性的写照。nature意为“本性”，符合语境。love意为“爱”；thought意为“思考”；wish意为“愿望”。
3.( )A.place B.noun C.theme D.name
C
解析 根据设空处后的repeated throughout the novel可知，此处指宽恕是该小说的主题。theme意为“主题”，符合语境。
4.( )A.Set B.Placed C.Said D.Told
A
解析 根据设空处后的in the early 19th century in France可知，此处是指该小说以19世纪初的法国为背景。set意为“以……为背景”，符合语境。
5.( )A.buying B.accepting C.wanting D.stealing
D
解析 根据上文的who has spent nineteen years in prison及下文的forgives him for stealing from a church可知，此处是指冉·阿让因为偷面包而入狱。steal意为“偷”，符合语境。
6.( )A.Therefore B.However C.So D.Thus
B
解析 根据上文的After being allowed to come out of prison, Valjean cannot get a job because nobody wants to give a job to a former prisoner.可知，冉·阿让出狱后生活潦倒，找不到工作；再根据设空处后的his life changes可知，在获得原谅后他的生活发生了变化，因此上下文为转折关系。however意为“然而；但是”，符合语境。
7.( )A.After B.Before C.Until D.If
A
解析 根据下文He soon remembers the priest's forgiveness可知，冉·阿让在牧师原谅他后，又出去偷钱。
8.( )A.realizes B.remembers C.regrets D.recalls
C
解析 根据下文的to return the money可知，冉·阿让后悔自己再一次偷窃，想把钱还回去。regret意为“后悔”，符合语境。realize意为“意识到；实现”；remember意为“记得”；recall意为“回忆起”。
9.( )A.priest B.policeman C.mayor D.child
D
解析 根据上文的he goes out and steals some money from a child可知，冉·阿让偷了一个孩子的钱，因此他要寻找这个孩子，把钱还给他。
10.( )A.early B.sad C.sorry D.late
D
解析 根据设空处后的the police are searching for him可知，此处指为时已晚，警察已经开始搜捕他了。
11.( )A.rest B.whole C.best D.worst
A
解析 根据上文的a man who has spent nineteen years in prison和If they catch him可知，冉·阿让已经坐过一次牢，如果再次被抓，冉·阿让将在监狱度过剩下的人生。
12.( )A.catch B.avoid C.beg D.respect
B
解析 根据下文的he changes his name from Valjean to Madeleine可知，冉·阿让改名字是为了避免被警察抓到，即躲避警察。avoid意为“躲避；避开”，符合语境。catch意为“赶上；抓住”；beg意为“祈求”；respect意为“尊重”。
13.( )A.dangerous B.successful C.generous D.secret
B
解析 根据下文的even a mayor of a town可知，他成了一个成功的人。successful意为“成功的”，符合语境。dangerous意为“危险的”；generous意为“慷慨的”；secret意为“秘密的”。
14.( )A.glorious B.easy C.bright D.difficult
D
解析 根据设空处后的when a policeman guesses who Valjean really is and wants to send him back to prison可知，警察的怀疑让冉·阿让的生活变得非常艰难。difficult意为“艰难的；困难的”，符合语境。glorious意为“光荣的”；easy意为“容易的”；bright意为“有希望的”。
15.( )A.film B.relation C.game D.event
C
解析 根据设空处后的of cat and mouse可知，此处把冉·阿让继续躲避警察的事情比喻为猫捉老鼠的游戏。
04
单元限时小卷
[湖南株洲二中2023高一期中] It is difficult for a teacher to decide whether to allow students to listen to music in the classroom. Every time students need to write an essay or work on a problem, they say, “Can I put my headphones on I think better that way.” But is that really true Does music help concentrate
Research offers little to back up the idea that listening to music improves concentration. In one small study, 133 students performed reading tasks while listening to either light music, hip hop, or no music at all. Students who performed the reading tasks in silence scored the highest. Music with a higher intensity （强度） like hip hop was more distracting and had a greater negative effect on task performance and concentration.
Volume （音量） plays a more important role than the type of music. The study found that the louder the music, the worse the performance in concentration. The type of music didn't matter. Data from the study showed once again that silence was the best environment to improve concentration.
建议用时：54分钟
However, music has a positive effect on work performance. Studies have showed that listening to music leads to positive changes in moods, as well as creativity. In fact, in music-listening cultures, which students are certainly part of, there's actually a change in moods when the music is taken away.
It's hard to convince my students that music doesn't help with their concentration. Taj, a senior told me, “I wouldn't be able to concentrate if I were listening to music and trying to read. However, when I write, I feel like music helps me concentrate deeply. I don't have writer's block. It's easy for me to put my words on paper.”
“Maybe not with reading, but when it comes to maths, listening to music certainly helps,” Danela told me.“You could actually be singing along with what you're listening to and doing well in maths.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是音乐是否有助于集中注意力。你从事的任务不同，音乐对你的注意力的影响也许会不一样。
1.What does the underlined word “distracting” in Paragraph 2 probably mean ( )
A
A.Making it difficult for someone to concentrate. B.Causing great excitement.
C.Making someone want to do something. D.Making someone feel frightened.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的and had a greater negative effect on task performance and concentration可知，画线词应该和后面的内容在意义上一致，根据后面所说的“负面影响”可知，画线词distracting也应该表示负面含义，结合选项可知，distracting意为“让人思想不集中的”。故选A项。
2.What can we learn from the small study ( )
D
A.Students do well in reading tasks while listening to music.
B.Music can't improve people's moods and creativity.
C.Different types of music lead to different performances.
D.The volume of music affects concentration.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Volume plays a more important role than the type of music.The study found that the louder the music, the worse the performance in concentration.可知，音乐的音量会影响注意力。故选D项。
3.What do Taj and Danela have in common ( )
C
A.They believe music doesn't help concentrate.
B.They use music to help with their paper-writing.
C.They can't focus on reading while listening to music.
D.They don't listen to music while doing maths problems.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中塔杰所说的话I wouldn't be able to concentrate if I were listening to music and trying to read.However, when I write, I feel like music helps me concentrate deeply.I don't have writer's block.It's easy for me to put my words on paper.和第六段中达内拉所说的话Maybe not with reading, but when it comes to maths, listening to music certainly helps可知，塔杰和达内拉的共同之处是他们不能一边听音乐一边专心阅读。故选C项。
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text ( )
B
A.Should Students Listen to Music B.Does Music Help Concentration
C.Is Music Related to Reading D.Can Music Change Moods
解析 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍的是音乐是否有助于集中注意力。从事的任务不同，音乐对人的注意力的影响也许会不一样，所以B项（音乐有助于注意力集中吗 ）可作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。
[广东八校2022高一联考] How did you learn how to ride your bike Someone probably taught you a few skills and then you practised a lot.1. . No one is born to know how to study. You need to learn a few study skills and then practise them.
Good studying starts in class.2. . Are you sitting next to a talkative person Is it hard to see the board Make sure you're focused in class. Tell your teacher or parents about any problems that are preventing you from paying attention and taking good notes.
3. . Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday's test will make for a homework night. That's no fun! It also makes it hard to do your best. We're all guilty （内疚的） about putting things off sometimes. One of the best ways to make sure that doesn't happen is to plan ahead.
Ask for help. You can't study effectively （有效地） if you're confused about something.4. . You can check yourself by reading through your notes. Does it all make sense If not, ask your teacher to go over it with you.
.
D
B
A
F
Get a good night's sleep. If you have a test tomorrow and you've followed your study plan—but suddenly you can't remember anything, not even 2+2, don't worry. Your brain needs time to digest （消化） all the information you've given it. Try