牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册-Unit 1 Back to school单元习题课件(共129张PPT)

(共129张PPT)
必修第一册
Unit 1 Back to school
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It's only a small ____________ （improve）, but at least it's a step in the right direction.
improvement
解析 句意为：这只是一个小小的改进，但至少是朝正确方向迈出的一步。设空处前有不定冠词a和形容词small修饰，应用名词形式，故填improvement。
2.Mike found a ___________ （challenge） job as a computer programmer.
challenging
解析 句意为：迈克找了一份富有挑战性的计算机程序员的工作。设空处修饰名词job,应用形容词。
3.I was ________ （amaze） at her knowledge of French literature.
amazed
解析 句意为：对于她的法国文学知识，我感到很惊讶。be amazed at… 意为“对……感到惊奇/惊讶”。
4.He always avoids eye contact when talking with people, which shows that he lacks __________ （confident）.
confidence
解析 句意为：当他与别人说话时，他总是避免眼神交流，这表明他缺乏自信。分析句子可知，此处在that引导的宾语从句中作lacks的宾语，应用名词形式。confident的名词形式为confidence，意为“信心”时为不可数名词。故填confidence。
5.They choose to work for themselves because they enjoy _____________ （independent）, not because they want to hide from their colleagues.
independence
解析 句意为：他们选择创业是因为他们喜欢独立，并不是因为他们想躲避同事。enjoy为because引导的原因状语从句中的谓语，其后应该用名词作宾语。
6.The committee who were responsible ____ this decision would consider it over again.
for
解析 句意为：负责作出这一决定的委员会将重新考虑它。be responsible for为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”。故填for。
7.Most answers lie ___ the data you collect from your customer interactions.
in
解析 句意为：大部分答案就在你所收集的顾客交流互动的数据中。lie in意为“存在;在于”。
8.I recommend making seat reservations ___ advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience.
in
解析 句意为：我建议提前预订座位，因为这是一部受欢迎的电影，观众会很多。in advance为固定搭配，意为“提前”。故填in。
9.Now I am looking forward to ______ （go） back to work as soon as possible.
going
解析 句意为：我现在盼望尽快回到工作中。look forward to意为“期待，期盼”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或者动名词形式。
【知识拓展】含有介词to的常考短语
be used to… 习惯于……
devote oneself to… 献身于……
be addicted to… 对……上瘾
be opposed to… 反对……
be accustomed to… 习惯于……
lead to导致
10.She grasped every opportunity ___________ （improve） her oral English in class.
to improve
解析 句意为：她在课堂上抓住每个提高她的英语口语水平的机会。opportunity to do sth意为“做某事的机会”。
根据提示补全句子。
1.我迫不及待地要加入这个篮球俱乐部。（wait）
I _____ _____ ___ _____ this basketball club.
can't
wait
to
join
2.对生活持积极的态度会让你在困难中得到力量。（positive）
Holding ___ ________ ________ __________ life can give you strength when you're in trouble.
a
positive
attitude
to/towards
3.我们应该充分利用我们的时间努力学习。除此之外，我们还应该积极参加课外活动。（most）
We should ______ ____ ______ ___ our time to study hard. In addition, we should _____ ____ ______ _____ ___ after-class activities.
make
the
most
of
take
an
active
part
in
4.我们学校正尽力满足学生对课外活动的需求。
Our school is ________ ____ ______ ___ ___________ the demands of students for after-class activities.
making
an
effort
to
meet/satisfy
5.他们定下明确的目标：利用好每一次机会，永不放弃。（goal； advantage）
They ____ ___ ______ _____ to _____ __________ ___ every opportunity and never give up.
set
a
clear
goal
take
advantage
of
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Welcome to senior high school! I can't wait to tell you what senior high school life is like. Senior high school life is full of challenges and 1____________ （opportunity）.When you rise to these challenges, you will find that your time and effort will open the door to your potential. Potential is a natural ability that can 2_____________ （develop） with your efforts. While developing as a student and as a person, you will discover your potential and make 3___ difference to society.4__________ （realize） your potential, you need to make the most of your school resources. It is 5________ （equal） important for you to develop good habits, such as planning your study, 6_______ （set） clear goals and balancing your schoolwork 7_____ other activities. Meanwhile, 8______ （face） with difficulties, you'd better look on the bright side and have confidence in yourself. 9____ a famous saying goes, “A journey of a thousand miles 10_______ （begin） with a single step.” You need to make great efforts to train your mind, develop your character and realize your potential. I do believe you will try your best and make us proud.
opportunities
be developed
a
To realize
equally
setting
with
faced
As
begins
1.____________
opportunities
解析 此处和challenges并列，根据语境可知，此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式。
2._____________
be developed
解析 设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，develop在此处意为“发挥；增强”，与that指代的a natural ability之间为被动关系；空前有情态动词can，故填be developed。
3.___
a
解析 make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。
4.__________
To realize
解析 此处为不定式短语作目的状语。
5.________
equally
解析 设空处修饰形容词important，应用副词。
6._______
setting
解析 此处为三个并列的动名词短语作such as的宾语。
7._____
with
解析 balance… with… 意为“平衡……与……;兼顾”。
8.______
faced
解析 此处为过去分词短语作状语。
9.____
As
解析 As在此处表示 “正如”,as the saying goes意为“正如俗语所说；常言道”。
10._______
begins
解析 此处引用的谚语的内容为客观陈述，时态应用一般现在时，且根据“主谓一致”原则可知，谓语动词要用单数形式,与主语A journey of a thousand miles保持一致。A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.意为“千里之行，始于足下。”
[福建三明一中2023高一月考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lauren Parrino is having a busy schedule on her first senior high school year.
She 1________ （become） captain of her school women's soccer team at the start of this year.“It's amazing 2_____ I'll be fighting for myself and the school.” Just a few days ago, Parrino 3_____________ （accept） into a volunteer programme.“It's a six-month programme,” explained Parrino.“I work 4____ Mondays and can go around the hospital to meet nurses and doctors, which has given me a closer look into the medical field.” Besides, Parrino plays 5____ active role in clubs around the school. She is the vice president of the literature club now and plans on 6_______ （join） another club this year.
became
that
was accepted
on
an
joining
Though involving herself in several extra-curricular 7_________ （activity）, Parrino manages her time quite well. Parrino feels 8_________ （confidence） about her ability to succeed in all of them. She said, “There's never a perfect balance, but I don't let 9_______ （I） quit until I'm in control of everything to the best I'm able 10______ （be）.”
activities
confident
myself
to be
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了劳伦·帕里诺在高中第一学年繁忙的日程安排。
1.________
became
解析 句意为：今年年初，她成了学校女子足球队的队长。本句中含主系表结构，设空处为连系动词，根据时间状语at the start of this year可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填became。
2._____
that
解析 句意为：我将为自己和学校而战，这太棒了。此处It作形式主语，设空处引导的从句为真正的主语，从句不缺少成分且句意完整。故填that。
3._____________
was accepted
解析 句意为：就在几天前，帕里诺被一个志愿者计划录取了。设空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语Just a few days ago可知，此处应用一般过去时，accept与主语Parrino之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，还要保持主谓一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故填was accepted。
4.____
on
解析 句意为：我每逢周一上班，可以在医院里四处走动，见到护士和医生，这让我对医疗领域有了更深入的了解。表示“在星期几”，应用介词on。
5.____
an
解析 句意为：此外，帕里诺在学校的俱乐部中发挥着积极的作用。play a（n）… role in为固定搭配，设空处在形容词active之前，其发音以元音音素开头，所以应填不定冠词an。
6._______
joining
解析 句意为：她现在是文学社的副社长，打算今年加入另一个俱乐部。plan on doing sth意为“打算做某事”。故填joining。
7._________
activities
解析 句意为：尽管参加了一些课外活动，帕里诺还是把时间管理得很好。设空处由限定词several修饰，应填可数名词复数activities，表示“活动”。
8._________
confident
解析 句意为：帕里诺对自己能够在所有这些项目上取得成功充满信心。设空处在连系动词feels后，表示“有信心的”，应填形容词作表语。故填confident。
9._______
myself
解析 句意为：从来没有一个完美的平衡，但我不会让自己放弃，直到我尽自己所能将一切做到最好。根据句意可知，设空处表示“我自己”，所以应填反身代词myself作动词let的宾语。
10.______
to be
解析 句意见上一题解析。be able to do sth意为“有能力做某事”。故填to be。
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[河北邢台六校2023高一联考] A
Good morning, teachers, boys, and girls,
First of all, let me introduce myself to the new faces. I am Mr Chung Fat Shing, the head teacher of this school. I welcome you to our big family and hope that you will enjoy your stay and grow with us in the coming years.
For you, who have just graduated from junior high school, big challenges are waiting when you get to higher grades. As the saying goes, “The early bird catches the worm.” So, start planning and preparing today. It is also important to develop learning strategies. For example, set a reasonable goal and a workable timetable for study and stick closely to it; do critical thinking （批判性思维） to make sure that you understand your subjects completely before you revise them effectively.
When you feel down or at a loss, don't hesitate to get support from your schoolmates, teachers, or the school social workers. Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister during the Second World War, once said, “Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm （热情）.” So, don't lose heart though you may face difficulties and failures. With a strong will, confidence, and perseverance （毅力）, you'll surely be able to achieve good results in the future.
Dear boys and girls, senior high school is full of challenges, which will become good opportunities if you know how to face them properly. I strongly believe that under the careful guidance of your teachers and with your own hard work, you can improve yourselves and make school life enjoyable and rewarding （有益的）.
Thank you.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。这是一位校长为了欢迎新同学而作的演讲，鼓励学生们努力学习，不要害怕困难和失败，把高中的挑战化为机遇，希望学生们享受高中生活并有所成长。
1.What does the head teacher want to show by saying “our big family” ( )
D
A.To start his lecture.
B.To prove the school is big.
C.To introduce the beautiful campus.
D.To make the freshmen feel warm and comfortable.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的I welcome you to our big family and hope that you will enjoy your stay and grow with us in the coming years.可以推断出，这位校长把学校比作家是希望学生们能像在家里一样感受到温暖和舒适。故选D项。
2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean ( )
B
A.It is never too late to learn. B.An early start makes a difference.
C.Good opportunity only knocks once. D.A thousand-mile trip begins with the first step.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的So, start planning and preparing today.可知，校长引用这句谚语是希望学生们能早日做好准备，这是很重要的。故选B项。
3.What should students do when facing difficulties and failures ( )
C
A.Do critical thinking in class.
B.Make a plan and stick to it.
C.Be confident and enthusiastic with a strong will.
D.Accept all the ideas from teachers to achieve good results.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的without loss of enthusiasm以及So, don't lose heart though you may face difficulties and failures.With a strong will, confidence, and perseverance, you'll surely be able to achieve good results in the future.可知，学生们在面对困难和失败时，应该保持自信、热情并要有坚强的意志。故选C项。
4.What makes senior high school life meaningful according to Paragraph 4 ( )
A
A.Taking each chance to work hard.
B.Exploring as many learning strategies.
C.Smoothing away all the challenges properly.
D.Revising all the lessons under the guidance of teachers.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，高中充满着挑战，也充满着机会，抓住机会努力学习，会使高中生活有意义。故选A项。
长难句分析
句意：亲爱的同学们，高中充满了挑战，如果你们知道如何正确面对这些挑战，它们将成为好机会。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.graduate vi.毕业 n.毕业生 2.hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇，迟疑
[广东中山2022高一期末] B
Finally came Wednesday! I walked onto campus feeling nervous even though I had walked on these same grounds for two years because my junior high school is next door. Everything looked and felt different now that I was in senior high.
I looked at my schedule. First period—German. Our German teacher was very friendly and I liked her from the beginning. What I didn't like, though, was that I was surrounded by students from other grades, with only five familiar faces.
Then I had to walk all the way across campus and up three flights of stairs to get to my second period—biology. Our biology teacher is Ms Campeau, and I think that she will teach us a lot this year because she is very to the point. She also has her unique way of saying “be quiet”; she says “alligator”.She explained that she is the king, or should I say queen, of the class because alligators are the “king of the swamps （沼泽）”.
My third class was English. After surviving two periods without too much of a challenge, I began to feel good. However, the third period changed everything. Mr Valassidis, my English teacher, told us that we would have to write 40 essays （文章） and read AP-level books such as The Odyssey this year. I love reading and writing, but 40 ESSAYS AP-level books Now I was scared. He also talked about how important it was to be focused. Last year was not a very “focused” year for me. While doing homework, I was often talking on the phone, or busy with a conversation online. I planned on stepping it up this year because I wanted to stay an honours student.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己高中生活的第一天。
1.What did the author mainly write about in this passage ( )
C
A.Her new teachers. B.Her plan for the new year.
C.Her first day of senior high. D.Her schedule for Wednesday.
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章中作者对一天课程的介绍，结合Finally came Wednesday! 和Everything looked and felt different now that I was in senior high.可知，本文主要讲述的是作者高中生活的第一天。故选C项。
2.What should students do when Ms Campeau says “alligator” ( )
B
A.Sit still. B.Stop talking.
C.Look at the blackboard. D.Listen carefully.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的She also has her unique way of saying “be quiet”; she says “alligator”.可知，当康波老师说“alligator”时，就表明她在要求大家保持安静，同学们就应该停止说话。故选B项。
3.How did the author find her first two classes ( )
D
A.Unattractive. B.Informative. C.Very tiring. D.Pretty easy.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句After surviving two periods without too much of a challenge, I began to feel good.可知，作者感觉前两节课不难。故选D项。
4.Why did the author feel scared during the third period ( )
B
A.She couldn't focus on her work. B.She found the class demanding.
C.She didn't like the teacher. D.She did poorly at school.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句Mr Valassidis, my English teacher, told us that we would have to write 40 essays and read AP-level books such as The Odyssey this year.可知，作者担心第三节课的原因是这门课的要求很高。故选B项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.surround vt.环绕；包围2.survive vt.艰难度过；幸存 vi.仍然存在
[湖北部分省级示范高中2023高一期末] Going from middle school to the freshman year of high school is a big change.1. .
Be open to new friendships.
High school is all about experiencing new things, including new friendships. Getting to know people you haven't met before is a great way to broaden your horizons （眼界）.2. . Simply sitting with a new person at lunch can be enough to get the ball rolling.
Explore the campus.
For most people, going off to high school means heading off to a new campus.3. . They might be able to show you around the campus, which will make you a bit more confident as you go on with your freshman year.
G
C
F
Get organised.
Academically speaking, high school and middle school are very different.4. . You can buy a planner and spend a few minutes each night going over the notes you took in class that day. Staying on top of your studies will make the transition （过渡） from middle school to high school much easier.
5. .
While there's no need to plan every day for the next three years, it can't hurt to make a note of classes you want to take or activities you'd like to try. Believe it or not, the three years goes by really fast. Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your high school experience.
D
A
A.Create a three-year plan.
B.Be open to new experiences.
C.If you're nervous, start small.
D.Try to get as organised as possible so you can stay on top of your work.
E.That way, you'll have a better idea of some of the things you can expect.
F.If you worry about the unknown, reach out to the school and see if someone can help.
G.Here are some ways to help you deal with anxious feelings and prepare for the first year.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对刚进入高中的学生该如何更好地适应高中生活给出了几点建议。
1.___
G
解析 根据上文Going from middle school to the freshman year of high school is a big change.可知，文章主要介绍的是学生从初中到高中面临的情况，结合后文的小标题可知，后文介绍的是如何更好地适应高中生活，G项（这里有一些方法可以帮助你处理焦虑情绪，为第一年做好准备）承上启下。故选G项。
2.___
C
解析 根据后文Simply sitting with a new person at lunch can be enough to get the ball rolling.可知，这里介绍的是通过一些简单的小事，比如和一个陌生人坐在一起吃午饭就可以让自己交到新朋友，C项（如果你紧张，从小事做起）能够引起下文，下文中的Simply sitting with a new person at lunch是对C项中start small的举例。故选C项。
3.___
F
解析 根据本段小标题Explore the campus.可知，本段内容建议高一新生去探索校园。空后的They提到了人，F项（如果你担心未知的事情，那就联系学校，看看是否有人能帮助你）引出下文，下文的They与F项中的someone相呼应，指代能够给你提供帮助的人。故选F项。
4.___
D
解析 根据本段小标题Get organised.可知，本段建议上高中后学习要有规划，D项（尽可能地有条理，这样你就可以在学业上表现优异）符合本段主旨，选项中的organised和小标题中的organised相呼应，stay on top of your work和下文的Staying on top of your studies相呼应。故选D项。
5.___
A
解析 根据最后一段中Believe it or not, the three years goes by really fast.Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your high school experience.可知，本段建议制订计划，A项（制订一个三年计划）能够概括本段主旨，与本段第一句中的plan和the next three years相呼应。故选A项。
【方法总结】7选5中选择小标题的解题技巧
选择小标题是7选5中常出现的考点，解此类题目时：（1）首先观察其他段落的标题形式，找到它们的句式特征。比如本篇文章中都是言简意赅的简短祈使句，这样选项范围就缩小到了A、B两项中;（2）阅读该小标题后的内容，找段落主旨句，判断本段所讲的内容，再根据关键词定位选项；（3）将选项代入文章，判断逻辑衔接是否合理。
词汇加油站
进阶词汇
get the ball rolling 使（某活动、谈话）开始起来
熟词生义
planner n.熟义：设计者；规划者 生义：记事簿
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.They should have a ______ （base） understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.
basic
解析 句意为：为了使用这项先进的技术，他们应该对计算机有基本的了解。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词understanding，应用形容词，此处表示“基础的，基本的”，故填basic。
2.Many ___________ （profession） dancers started taking dance lessons when they were children.
professional
解析 设空处修饰名词dancers，应用形容词。
3._______ （detail） of the government report have not yet been made public.
Details
解析 句意为：政府报告的细节尚未公开。设空处作句子主语，根据后面的have可知，主语应为复数概念，故此处应用可数名词复数形式。
4.We offer free _________ （technique） support to those buying our software.
technical
解析 句意为：我们向购买我们软件的顾客提供免费的技术支持。设空处修饰名词support,应用形容词。
5.They have made a _________ （propose） to protect the local river against pollution.
proposal
解析 句意为：他们提出了一项保护当地河流不受污染的建议。设空处作made的宾语, 且空前有冠词a修饰，应填名词。proposal意为“建议，提议”，为可数名词，由a可知，此处应用单数形式。故填proposal。
6.Parents are supposed to focus more ________ developing children's creative thinking.
on/upon
解析 句意为：父母应该多注重培养孩子的创造性思维。focus on/upon为固定搭配，意为“专注于；全神贯注于”。故填on/upon。
7.You should follow a healthy diet that you like and that you can stick___.
to
解析 句意为：你应该遵循一种你喜欢并能坚持的健康饮食。stick to意为“坚持”。
8.The rolling sea of clouds you see at the top of Mount Huangshan will remind you ___ the insignificance of human beings.
of
解析 句意为：当你站在黄山山顶看见如波涛般汹涌的云海时，你会想到人类的渺小。remind sb of… 为固定搭配，意为“使某人想起……”。故填of。
9.Students should aim __________ （become） more independent of their teachers.
to become
解析 句意为：学生应该力争减少对老师的依赖。aim to do sth意为“力争做某事”。
10.The information we collect about the world around us _________ （base） on what we see.
is based
解析 句意为：我们收集到的有关我们周围世界的信息建立在我们所看到的事物的基础上。be based on… 为固定搭配，意为“建立在……的基础上”。
根据提示补全或翻译句子。
1.温室效应导致地球的温度升高。（result）
____ ___ ______ ___ the greenhouse effect, the Earth's temperature is increasing.
As
a
result
of
2.山脚下有一个村庄，那里的人们过着平静的生活。（peaceful）
At the foot of the mountain lies a village, where people _____ ___ ________ ____.
live
a
peaceful
life
3.在生活中做任何事情都要养成好习惯，这是至关重要的，不管它看起来多么微不足道。
It's crucial to ________ ______ ______ for anything you do in life, no matter how small or insignificant it seems.
develop
good
habits
4.我们俱乐部成员聚集到一起彼此交流关于剪纸的想法。（exchange）
We club members gather together to _________ ______ _____ _____ ______ about paper cutting.
exchange
ideas
with
each
other
5.我创办这个俱乐部是为了提高学生对英语的兴趣和他们的英语口语能力。
__ ________ _____ _____ ___ ________ _________ ________ ___ ________ and improve students' oral English skills.
I
founded
this
club
to
increase
students'
interest
in
English
6.如果你是一个游泳爱好者，成立一个游泳俱乐部是很好的事情。（it作形式主语）
_____________________________________________________________
If you are a swimming-lover, it is great to found a swimming club.
判断下列句子的基本结构并翻译句子。
1.Time flies.( )
____________
SV
时光飞逝。
2.He enjoys reading.( )
______________
SVO
他喜欢阅读。
3.The sun keeps us warm.( )
______________________
SVOC
太阳让我们感到温暖。
4.The dinner smells good.( )
__________________
SP
晚饭闻起来很香。
5.The red sun rises in the east.( )
________________________
SVA
红色的太阳从东方升起。
6.There are 45 students in our class.( )
______________________
there be句型/存现句
我们班里有45个学生。
7.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.( )
____________________
SP
这是一本英汉词典。
8.I want to have a cup of tea very much.( )
__________________
SVOA
我非常想喝杯茶。
9.Would you please pass me the dictionary ( )
__________________________
S V IO DO
你能把那本字典递给我吗？
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a 1. . （teenage）, you may have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize, or they can be very small. For example, you may just want to become the best student in your class. Once you find a dream, what do you do with it Do you ever try 2. . （realise） your dream
Andrew Matthews, 3. . Australian writer, tells us that making our dreams come true is the biggest challenge in our life. You may think you are not very good 4. . some school subjects or it is 5. . （possible） for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you 6. . （achieve） your dreams. In fact, everyone can realise his dream. Keep telling yourself 7. . you want. Do this step by step and your dream will come true earlier because a big dream 8. . （make） up of many small dreams.
teenager/teen
to realise
an
at
impossible
achieving
what
is made
You must also never give up your dreams. There will be many 9. . （difficulty） on the road to your dreams, but the biggest one comes from 10. . （you）.You need to decide what is the most important.
difficulties
yourself
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了每个青少年都会有自己的梦想，不要让消极思想阻碍自己的梦想，告诉自己想要什么，一步一步坚持不懈地实现它，永远不要放弃自己的梦想。
1.____________
teenager/teen
解析 句意为：作为一个青少年，你也许有很多梦想。设空处作介词As的宾语，且空前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词。故填teenager/teen。
2._________
to realise
解析 句意为：你曾经努力去实现你的梦想了吗？try to do sth表示“努力做某事”；try doing sth表示“尝试做某事”。结合语境可知，此处表示“努力实现梦想”，故填to realise。
3.____
an
解析 句意为：澳大利亚作家安德鲁·马修斯告诉我们，实现我们的梦想是我们生活中最大的挑战。writer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应该用不定冠词，且Australian的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
【方法总结】如何解语法填空中的无提示词设空
语法填空中通常有3至4个空是无提示词的，这类设空一般是填冠词、介词、连词、从句引导词等。在解答此类题目时，首先应该根据设空处所在的位置，考虑其在句中作什么成分，或者具有什么功能，然后判断选择哪一类词，再根据设空处前后的信息，选择合适的词。如本空出现在一个名词短语前，首先考虑冠词或介词；分析句子结构可知，此处是主语Andrew Matthews的同位语，也是一个名词短语，应该用冠词修饰，故可以排除介词；结合语境可以判断，这里表泛指，表示“一位澳大利亚的作家”，应用不定冠词；再根据Australian的发音可以判断应用不定冠词an。
4.___
at
解析 句意为：你可能认为你不太擅长学校里的一些科目，或者你不可能成为一名作家。结合句意可知，此处表示“擅长做某事”，应用固定短语be good at。故填at。
5.__________
impossible
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作表语，根据语境可知，此处表示“不可能的”，应用形容词possible的反义词。故填impossible。
6._________
achieving
解析 句意为：这类想法会阻碍你实现你的梦想。stop sb （from） doing sth为固定短语，意为 “阻止某人做某事”，此处省略了from。故填achieving。
【知识拓展】表示“阻止某人做某事”的常用表达
stop sb （from） doing sth; prevent sb （from） doing sth; keep sb from doing sth
7.______
what
解析 句意为：不断告诉你自己你想要什么。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，作telling的宾语；从句中的want缺少宾语，表示“……的东西/事情”，应用what引导该从句。
8.________
is made
解析 句意为：一步一步地这样做，你的梦想会更早实现，因为一个大梦想是由许多小梦想组成的。设空处在because引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，从句主语a big dream和make up之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态；且a big dream是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；此处陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填is made。
9.__________
difficulties
解析 句意为：在实现梦想的路上会有很多困难，但最大的困难来自你自己。此处作there be句型中的主语，表示“困难”，应用名词difficulty，根据空前的many可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填difficulties。
10.________
yourself
解析 句意见上一题解析。结合语境可知，此处表示“你自己”，应用反身代词。故填yourself。
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[辽宁大连2023高一阶段练习] Tonya, Elsa and Mark are students at SAR High School in New York City. It's a school with regular academic classes, but it also gives special attention to the performing arts. Tonya likes dancing. Elsa wants to be an artist and Mark is a singer.
The students are all 15, and they're in the 10th grade. They study subjects like English, maths, social studies, science and PE.They also choose a foreign language: French, Italian, Spanish or Japanese. Students have many academic classes, but during the school day they also take classes in the arts, like theatre, art, dance and music.
There are even more activities for SAR students after school. There are more than 40 clubs for students. For example, there's a movie club, a music club and an environmental club.“We have so many choices to select,” says Tonya.“I like taking photos. It's also a great way to meet people with common interests.”
Students at SAR can also do many sports. For example, they can play basketball, tennis, volleyball and soccer. Students practise after school. They compete against other high schools. Mark says, “At school, I study by myself. I'm a singer, and I do that alone, too. That's why I like playing on the basketball team. We work together and compete against other teams.”
SAR offers various great classes, clubs and sports for students. Students at SAR get a good education and they also develop their own interests. Many SAR students become dancers, singers and actors!
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纽约市萨尔中学的学校生活情况。
1.What do we know about SAR High School ( )
C
A.Students take arts classes at night. B.Students have few subjects to choose from.
C.It places great importance on the arts. D.It aims to develop students' language skills.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的It's a school with regular academic classes, but it also gives special attention to the performing arts.可知，萨尔中学注重表演艺术。故选C项。
2.Which club is Tonya most likely to choose ( )
A
A.The photography club. B.The music club.
C.The movie club. D.The environmental club.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中托尼娅说的话“I like taking photos.It's also a great way to meet people with common interests.”可知，托尼娅最有可能选择摄影俱乐部。故选A项。
3.Why does Mark enjoy playing on the basketball team ( )
D
A.It helps him make more friends. B.It makes him try his best.
C.He hopes to build up his strength. D.He likes teamwork.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中马克说的话“At school, I study by myself.I'm a singer, and I do that alone, too.That's why I like playing on the basketball team.We work together and compete against other teams.”可知，马克自己学习，自己唱歌，所以他喜欢在篮球队打球是因为他喜欢团队合作。故选D项。
4.What is the best title for the text ( )
C
A.Education at SAR B.Top Students at SAR
C.School Life at SAR D.SAR's After-School Activities
解析 主旨大意题。本文介绍了三名在萨尔中学上学的学生的学校生活，再根据最后一段中的SAR offers various great classes, clubs and sports for students.Students at SAR get a good education and they also develop their own interests.可知，这篇文章主要介绍了萨尔中学的学校生活情况。故选C项。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.common adj.共同的；常见的；普遍的
2.compete vi.竞争；争夺
[河北邯郸2023高一期末] Senior high school began with meeting new friends, which was the most exciting part of that period. However, I noticed the . .1. . from junior high school right away since students around me were trying their best to get good . .2. ..
It was surprising for me to . .3. . that my friends were no longer willing to meet very often after school. This made me . .4. . that perhaps I failed to know the true . .5. . of the three years of high school. I should state that it became especially . .6. . after I talked to my best friend. He told me that he was really . .7. . because I seemed to have no plan when it came to . .8. . for college. To be completely honest, he was right.
. .9. . for me, my best friend was wise and able to explain his point of . .10. . to me. Also, he offered to spend time studying with me and getting me ready for the test to make sure I did not . .11. . anything meaningful from the textbook. This was surprising for me since I was . .12. . that activities like reading textbooks could not be enjoyable. I was wrong, and this . .13. . taught me that having fun in high school does not just mean going to parties or spending time in cafés. Instead, you can have a（n） . .14. . experience that will also be worthwhile for your future.
I am glad that I was able to learn from this situation. Now, I am studying harder to . .15. . more knowledge and try to understand which subjects I am most interested in to find out what I want to study in the future.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者升入高中后对高中生活缺乏正确的认识。在好朋友的帮助下，他端正了学习态度，感受到了学习的乐趣。
1.( )A.comment B.advance C.difference D.impression
C
解析 根据句中的since students around me were trying their best to get good ___ 以及下文的It was surprising for me to ____ that my friends were no longer willing to meet very often after school.可知，同学们在努力学习，不再经常放学后见面，作者注意到了这与初中的不同。故选C项。comment意为“评论”；advance意为“进步”；impression意为“印象”。
2.( )A.grades B.affairs C.debates D.effects
A
解析 根据句中的trying their best以及下文He told me that he was really____ because I seemed to have no plan when it came to ____for college.可知，学生们努力的目的是取得好成绩，为考上理想的大学做准备。故选A项。affair意为“事务”；debate意为“辩论”；effect意为“效果”。
3.( )A.explain B.find C.expect D.remember
B
解析 根据句中的my friends were no longer willing to meet very often可知，作者发现了同学们和以前有所不同，他们以前喜欢放学后聚在一起，现在不再愿意在放学后经常见面。故选B项。explain意为“解释”；expect意为“期望”；remember意为“记得”。
4.( )A.balance B.imagine C.explore D.realise
D
解析 结合语境和空后的perhaps I failed to know the true… 可知，作者看见同学们努力学习，放学后不再热衷于聚会，意识到自己有问题，开始反思。故选D项。balance意为“平衡”；imagine意为“想象”；explore意为“探索”；realise意为“认识到”。
5.( )A.meaning B.beginning C.fact D.future
A
解析 根据上文内容可知，作者上高中后发现朋友们放学后不愿意经常见面了，后文提到作者和自己最好的朋友说了这件事后，作者意识到自己确实没有为考大学做准备，因此此处表示作者没能了解高中三年真正的意义是什么。故选A项。
6.( )A.grey B.clear C.exact D.formal
B
解析 根据上文This made me ____ that perhaps I failed to know the true ___ of the three years of high school.以及下文He told me that he was really ____ because I seemed to have no plan when it came to ___for college.To be completely honest, he was right.可知，作者对高中三年的意义缺乏正确认识，这一点在他和朋友的谈话之后变得特别清楚。故选B项。
7.( )A.annoyed B.excited C.concerned D.frightened
C
解析 根据空后的because I seemed to have no plan可知，因为作者没有计划，朋友为他担心。故选C项。annoyed意为“恼火的”；excited意为“兴奋的”；concerned意为“担心的”；frightened意为“害怕的”。
8.( )A.preparing B.searching C.applying D.leaving
A
解析 根据上文However, I noticed the_____from junior high school right away since students around me were trying their best to get good ____.可知，同学们开始努力学习，为大学做好准备。故选A项。prepare意为“做准备”；search意为“搜索”；apply意为“申请”；leave意为“出发”。
9.( )A.Slowly B.Luckily C.Strangely D.Obviously
B
解析 根据上文This made me ____ that perhaps I failed to know the true_____of the three years of high school.可知，作者的朋友为作者解惑，这是件幸运的事。故选B项。obviously意为“显然”。
10.( )A.idea B.time C.sign D.view
D
解析 句意为：我很幸运，我最好的朋友很聪明，能够向我解释他的观点。point of view意为“观点；见地”。故选D项。
11.( )A.add up to B.do well in C.miss out on D.make up for
C
解析 根据句中的anything meaningful from the textbook可知，作者的朋友和作者一起学习，以确保作者不会错过教科书中任何有意义的知识。故选C项。add up to意为“总数是；结果是”；do well in意为“擅长”； miss out on意为“错失获利（或取乐等）的机会”；make up for意为“弥补”。
12.( )A.confident B.familiar C.doubtful D.generous
A
解析 根据下文I was wrong, and this____ taught me that having fun in high school does not just mean going to parties or spending time in cafés.可知，作者以往认为阅读教科书不是愉快的事，参加聚会才是开心的事。be confident that意为“对……坚信；肯定……”。故选A项。familiar意为“熟悉的”；doubtful意为“怀疑的”；generous意为“慷慨的”。
13.( )A.focus B.wisdom C.source D.experience
D
解析 根据上文This was surprising for me since I was ___ that activities like reading textbooks could not be enjoyable.和下文中的Instead, you can have a（n）____experience that will also be worthwhile for your future.可知，experience为复现词，此处指作者通过朋友的帮助找到了学习的乐趣这一经历。故选D项。focus意为“中心点”；wisdom意为“智慧”；source意为“来源”；experience意为“经历”。
14.( )A.suitable B.enjoyable C.changeable D.admirable
B
解析 根据上文This was surprising for me since I was____ that activities like reading textbooks could not be enjoyable.和空前的Instead可知，作者发现阅读教科书也可以给人带来愉快的感觉，句中的enjoyable为复现词，故选B项。suitable意为“合适的”；enjoyable意为“令人愉快的”；changeable意为“多变的”；admirable意为“令人钦佩的”。
15.( )A.set B.put C.get D.run
C
解析 根据空前的I am studying harder和空后的more knowledge可知，作者现在更加努力学习以获取更多知识。get knowledge意为“获得知识”。故选C项。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.In my opinion, experience is what matters—age is of __________ （second） importance.
secondary
解析 句意为：在我看来，重要的是经验，年龄是次要的。be of secondary importance意为“次要的”， 形容词secondary修饰名词importance。
2.She is a well-known _________ （biology） in this university.
biologist
解析 此处表示人，且其前有冠词a，故填biologist,意为“生物学家”。
3.Most students like reading this book because there are various _________ （attract） stories.
attractive
解析 句意为：大多数学生喜欢读这本书，因为里面有各种吸引人的故事。结合句意及空后的名词stories可知，此处应填形容词attractive，作定语。故填attractive。
4.The rainforests are disappearing at an _________ （alarm） rate.
alarming
解析 句意为：雨林正以惊人的速度消失。at an alarming rate意为“以惊人的速度”。
5.She graduated from Peking University and _______ （host） a sports programme several years ago.
hosted
解析 句意为：她毕业于北京大学，几年前主持过一个体育节目。根据时间状语several years ago可知，此处用一般过去时。
6.Schools need to give students different ________ （option） courses and ensure that they can attend the courses they are interested in.
optional
解析 句意为：校方需要为学生提供不同的选修课程，并保证他们能参加自己感兴趣的课程。optional course意为“选修课”。
7._____________ （fortunate）, many traditional festivals are becoming less and less popular in modern society.
Unfortunately
解析 句意为：遗憾的是，许多传统节日在现代社会变得越来越不受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词；结合句意可知，此处表示“遗憾的是”，应用fortunately的反义词。故填Unfortunately。
8.We students should often exchange ideas _____ our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.
with
解析 句意为：我们学生应该经常和父母交流想法，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，在这个世界上他们是最爱我们的人。exchange sth with sb 意为“与某人交换某物”。
9.She often has difficulty __________ （express） herself in public.
expressing
解析 句意为：在公众场合，她常常在表达自己的思想方面有困难。have difficulty （in） doing… 意为“在……方面有困难”。
10.Her public stance （立场） was much ________ （tough） than her private feelings on the subject.
tougher
解析 句意为：在这一问题上，她公开的立场比她私下的态度要强硬得多。由much和than可知，设空处应填tough的比较级。
根据提示补全或翻译句子。
1.培养能力和获取知识同样重要。（as… as）
Developing our ability is ___ _________ ___ _________ knowledge.
as
important
as
acquiring
2.虽然我们在性格上不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。（different）
Even though we ____ _________ ______ each other ___ ____ _________, we are still great friends.
are
different
from
in
the
character
3.我们应当努力节约任何有用的东西，为建设节约型社会作贡献。（contribution）
We should try to save everything useful to ______ ____________ ___ an economized society.
make
contributions
to
4.起初，对我来说听懂老师在班里讲话都不是件容易的事。
___ ____ __________, ___ _______ _____ ____ ____ ___ __________ the teacher when she talked to the class.
In
the
beginning
it
wasn't
easy
for
me
to
understand
5.她认为这篇课文很容易理解。（find+宾语+宾补）
She found ____ _____ _____ ___ __________.
the
text
easy
to
understand
6.我的新学校氛围很好。（there be句型； atmosphere）
___________________________________________
There is a good atmosphere in my new school.
[湖南师大附中2023高一月考] Here comes 4 most popular clubs in our school! Join us, and we will help you to find your own shining points, lead you to find beauty and to create beauty, and make your campus life as fulfilling and happy as a dream.
Basketball Club
Students will be able to develop their basketball skills further and have the opportunity to compete in basketball games with members from other international schools in Beijing. The club will be available to 10—16 members from grades 5 to 8, and will practise twice weekly.
Public Speaking Club
The Public Speaking Club will be centred around the personal development of students along with developing public speaking skills. The club will focus on all skills in delivering better speeches and improving communication. The club will be available to 10—12 members from grades 7 to 12, and will meet once weekly （Wednesday）.
Yoga Club
Yoga not only improves balance, flexibility, and joint stability, but also serves as a peaceful escape from the stress of daily life. Our students will have the chance to physically exercise while reducing some stress from their life. The club will be available to 10—16 members from grades 7 to 12, and will meet once weekly （Tuesday）.
Media Club
The Media Club teaches students the basics of journalism. The club engages in a wide range of activities like interviewing teachers and students, writing about big events on campus, and operating the weekly school radio broadcasts. The club will be available to 8—12 members from grades 6 to 12, and will meet once weekly （Monday）.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一所学校里四个最受欢迎的俱乐部。
1.Which club will attract students who want to get both mental and physical benefits ( )
C
A.Basketball Club. B.Public Speaking Club. C.Yoga Club. D.Media Club.
解析 细节理解题。根据小标题Yoga Club下的Yoga not only improves balance, flexibility, and joint stability, but also serves as a peaceful escape from the stress of daily life.Our students will have the chance to physically exercise while reducing some stress from their life.可知，瑜伽俱乐部既能锻炼身体又可以放松精神，所以能吸引那些想要身心俱益的学生。故选C项。
2.What will club members do at the Media Club ( )
D
A.Set up a school radio station. B.Write imaginary stories.
C.Learn public speaking skills. D.Interview teachers and students.
解析 细节理解题。根据小标题Media Club下的The club engages in a wide range of activities like interviewing teachers and students, writing about big events on campus, and operating the weekly school radio broadcasts.可知，在传媒俱乐部，俱乐部成员会采访老师和学生。故选D项。
3.Where can the text be found ( )
A
A.In a school introduction. B.In a research paper.
C.In a history textbook. D.In a travel guidebook.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，本文介绍了一所学校里四个最受学生欢迎的俱乐部，吸引学生来加入这些俱乐部，结合选项可以推测能够在学校的介绍中找到本文。故选A项。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[东北师大附中2023高一段测] A
When I was in primary school, my favourite place was the library. I was the kid who got shouted at for trying to bring home sixty books at a time because I just couldn't decide which world I wanted to experience that week. I remember spending my weekends glued to a book, hungering for experiencing lives other than my own. Up until middle school, reading was a passion （酷爱） of mine.
Something changed after I entered senior high school though.All of a sudden, reading was a task that I could not avoid fast enough. The books that I read in school bored me, or even if I enjoyed the books themselves, the challenging homework I completed based on those books made me hate reading as a whole.
It actually wasn't until recently that I rediscovered my love for reading. You may ask how I did that. Audiobooks （有声书）.Last summer, I spent every morning taking long walks while listening to them, and I would find myself lost in the stories for hours. And now I'm rediscovering my passion for reading. I feel that pull again. That curiosity.
My love story with reading may have had a happy ending, but not everyone is as lucky as me. What went wrong
What will happen is that students lose their love for reading because of the way many schools try to encourage children to read. For example, when a child is told to read for twenty minutes every night, they will read for the required amount of time and then check the task off on their list. In this way, reading has suddenly become a boring task instead of an exciting experience.
Making sure that kids keep their passion for reading will require us to rethink how we teach reading in schools and how we introduce books to children outside of school as well. There needs to be less of a focus on meeting reading requirements and more of a focus on creating an environment in which students are actually excited to read.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者在上高中之前酷爱阅读，然而上了高中之后，因为繁重的阅读作业，作者慢慢地开始讨厌阅读，后来因有声读物的出现让作者重新爱上了阅读。作者希望学校创造合适的环境以及改变阅读教授的方式，让孩子真正喜欢阅读。
1.Which word best describes the author's love for books before high school ( )
B
A.Confusing. B.Crazy. C.Secret. D.Short-lived.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，在高中之前，作者经常阅读书籍，而且一次会从图书馆借阅很多本书，可见作者对阅读十分着迷。因此可以用crazy来形容作者对阅读的热爱。故选B项。
2.Why did the author once hate reading ( )
D
A.She couldn't choose what to read. B.She found high school books difficult.
C.She was given too many books to read. D.Reading as a task turned her off.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的All of a sudden, reading was a task that I could not avoid fast enough.The books that I read in school bored me, or even if I enjoyed the books themselves, the challenging homework I completed based on those books made me hate reading as a whole.可知，作者上了高中后，阅读成为一种不得不完成的任务，这使得作者开始厌烦阅读。故选D项。
3.What does the underlined word “pull” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ( )
A
A.Attraction. B.Duty. C.Annoyance. D.Influence.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Last summer, I spent every morning taking long walks while listening to them, and I would find myself lost in the stories for hours.And now I'm rediscovering my passion for reading.可知，作者在去年夏天又重拾了对阅读的兴趣，再次感受到阅读对她的那种吸引力，故可推知pull有“吸引力”之意，与attraction含义相近。故选A项。
4.What advice does the author give in the last paragraph ( )
C
A.Give kids extra-curricular reading tasks. B.Encourage parents to introduce books to kids.
C.Improve schools' ways of teaching reading. D.Develop kids' interest in advanced literature.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为我们需要改善教授阅读的方式，让阅读不要成为一种任务要求，而是引导孩子专注于阅读本身，体验书中的内容，这样才能让孩子们保持对阅读的兴趣。故选C项。
长难句分析
句意：我在学校读的书让我感到厌烦，或者即使我喜欢那些书本身，但总体上而言，我根据那些书完成的具有挑战性的家庭作业让我讨厌阅读。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.at a time每次;一次
2.all of a sudden 突然
3.challenging adj.富于挑战性的
熟词生义
glue 熟义：vt.（用胶水）粘贴 n.胶水
生义：be glued to 像钉在……上似的一动不动
词缀拓展
re- prefix 又；再；重新 rediscover vt.重新发现；重新找到
rethink vi.& vt.再思考，重新考虑
[湖南长沙2022高一期末] B
Going from middle school to high school can be difficult, as students are faced with new academic and social challenges. Before the first day of high school, there are things every soon-to-be high school freshman and his family should know.
People that have a fixed mindset （思维倾向） believe that they are born to be strong or weak. On the other hand, people that have a growth mindset believe that their strength or weakness is because of their own actions. I totally agree that students should have a growth mindset. I don't expect any student to move from just passing a subject to an A+.It's going to take time and focused effort; just keep working on it.
Parents should prepare students to fight the battle “on the pillow” and “in the kitchen”.When I say “pillow”, I mean sleep. Not having enough sleep can have some surprising effects on students, including improper behaviour, anxiety and poor grades. The second weapon is eating healthy and balanced meals. Studies show that students who eat nutritious meals and who exercise 60 minutes a day remain more attentive （专心的） during the school day and experience improved academic achievement and grades. This last “secret” weapon is not to have
over-scheduled time. Make sure students know how to set realistic plans and how to say no to tasks and activities that aren't important to them.
A lot of students who know each other from primary and middle school are in their “comfort zones”, feeling they have a sense of control over and expectations of their relationships. Then comes the first real day of high school, and that will all change. The reason why I encourage high school freshmen to step out of their comfort zones, though often scary, is that comfort zones get boring and there are many kinds of people to get to know. Let's encourage them to get involved, have fun and play.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。学生从初中升入高中时可能会面临新的学业和社交挑战，作者就如何应对这些挑战给出了自己的看法。
1.Which of the following represents a fixed mindset ( )
B
A.I'm at the starting point of my potential. B.My mother is not good at chemistry either.
C.I should start studying a little earlier next time.
D.It's okay if I fail; at least I've learnt something.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的People that have a fixed mindset believe that they are born to be strong or weak.可知，有固定思维倾向的人认为他们的强或弱是与生俱来的，B项“我妈妈化学也不好”意思是：我的化学不好，其实是与生俱来的弱项，因为妈妈的化学也不好。所以B项代表了一种固定的思维倾向。故选B项。
2.What might the author encourage parents to do ( )
A
A.Prepare healthy meals for their kids.
B.Praise their kids when they do well in school.
C.Take their kids to visit their grandparents often.
D.Buy soft pillows for their kids to have a good rest.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句和The second weapon is eating healthy and balanced meals.可以推知，作者可能会鼓励家长们为他们的孩子准备健康的食物。故选A项。
3.What is the third weapon mainly about ( )
D
A.Enjoying good health. B.Acquiring the ability to say no.
C.Balancing schoolwork and play. D.Developing time management skills.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，第三个手段主要是培养时间管理技能。故选D项。
4.What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to ( )
C
A.The expectation of future.
B.The value of friendship.
C.The feeling of having control over relationships.
D.The sense of helplessness.
解析 词义猜测题。画线词前提到学生们在升入高中前感觉自己对人际关系有控制感、有期待，从而推知画线词that应指代前文提到的情况，即表示“感觉对人际关系有控制感”这种情况发生改变。故选C项。
【方法总结】如何解答阅读理解的代词指代题
此类题一般会在题干中明确指出原文中某处的代词，要求辨别其指代关系。常考的代词有：it、that、this、one、these、those等。此类题的做法是：首先返回原文定位该代词，代词指代的内容通常在其前，因此应从上文中搜索其指代的内容，然后在四个选项中找出与上文内容相关的词、词组或句子，最后将选项内容代入原文进行验证，看上下文是否连贯。比如本篇第4题，that所在句的前一句提到了很多学生在高中入学前感觉自己对人际关系有控制感、有期待，that指代的就是学生的这种感觉。
[江苏南京2022高一段测] From the time I was seven， I had a dream of becoming a member of the Students' Union. I always . .1. . them for taking responsibility for all of us. Years flew by, and soon I was able to . .2. . the election, praying I would win. But the reality struck—I hadn't had the . .3. .. I wasn't pretty. Girls across the school . .4. . knew me. I just did not have what it . .5. . to win a school election. I was . .6. .. As I cried in my room that evening, I suddenly took a deep breath and decided I wouldn't stop . .7. .. I decided that I would join in the election . .8. . in my final year at school—and I would do my best to win.
I recognized that my . .9. . had a lot of things in their favour. What were the . .10. . that would work in my favour I had good grades, and I was friendly and helpful. And my biggest . .11. . was the faith I had. I would not allow my . .12. . appearance to hold me back from putting my best foot forward. That evening, I . .13. . my election plans a whole year in advance.
I realized that girls would have to get to know me and recognize that I had the . .14. . to represent them. I loved making friends and I liked being helpful, so I decided that perhaps I could use these qualities to work to my . .15. .. In order to learn how to present a great election speech, I also attended a course on effective public speaking.
The day after the election, when the principal announced I won the second highest number of votes, the students cheered. The joy on the faces of all my friends showed me that my victory was also theirs.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了实现进入学生会的梦想付出努力，并最终赢得了选举，顺利地进入了学生会的故事。作者实现了儿时的梦想的同时，也收获了很多。
1.( )A.remembered B.admired C.awarded D.believed
B
解析 根据上文中的I had a dream of becoming a member of the Students' Union可知,作者想成为学生会的一员并且羡慕他们对其他学生们负责。故选B项。
2.( )A.come up with B.participate in C.start with D.rise to
B
解析 根据上文作者想成为学生会的一员可知，此处指多年过去，作者终于可以参加选举了。故选B项。come up with意为“想出”；participate in意为“参加”；start with意为“以……开始”；rise to意为“能够处理”。
3.( )A.chance B.education C.challenge D.improvement
A
解析 根据下文I just did not have what it ____ to win a school election.可知，此处指作者没有赢得选举的机会。故选A项。
4.( )A.highly B.equally C.hardly D.closely
C
解析 根据上文作者说自己不够漂亮可知，此处是说学校的女生们几乎不认识作者。故选C项。
5.( )A.provided B.educated C.meant D.took
D
解析 根据上文作者说自己不够漂亮且学校里的女生们几乎不认识自己可知，此处指作者认为自己没有赢得学校选举所需要的东西。故选D项。
6.( )A.tired B.sad C.confused D.surprised
B
解析 根据上文的I just did not have what it ____ to win a school election.可知，作者认为自己不具备赢得学校选举所需要的东西，所以感到沮丧。故选B项。
7.( )A.developing B.winning C.learning D.dreaming
D
解析 根据上文I had a dream以及下文I would join in the election可知，作者会继续参选，所以此处指作者没有放弃梦想，故选D项。
8.( )A.again B.really C.simply D.nearly
A
解析 根据上文可知，作者上一次选举失败，但是作者会继续参选，所以此处指再一次参选，故选A项。
9.( )A.colleagues B.enemies C.teammates D.competitors
D
解析 根据空后的in their favour可知，此处指的是作者的竞争对手们有很多优势。故选D项。
10.( )A.points B.cases C.methods D.examples
A
解析 根据语境可知，作者思考自己有什么有利的特质呢？point意为“特点，特质”。故选A项。
【知识拓展】point熟词生义
熟义：n.点；论点；观点；要点；阶段 vi.& vt.指向
生义：n.特点；特性；特征；意图；目的
如：There's no point in worrying.担心是没有用的。
One of the hotel's plus points is that it is very convenient.这个旅馆的一大优点是它非常便利。
11.( )A.problem B.aim C.strength D.worry
C
解析 根据上文的in their favour和in my favour可知，作者认为自己最大的优势是信心。故选C项。
12.( )A.plain B.young C.beautiful D.special
A
解析 根据上文 I wasn't pretty.可知，此处指作者不想让自己不漂亮的外表阻碍自己全力以赴。故选A项。
13.( )A.announced B.discussed C.began D.shared
C
解析 根据空后my election plans a whole year in advance可知，分析完优势后，作者提前一年开始制订自己的选举计划。故选C项。
14.( )A.advice B.confidence C.respect D.ability
D
解析 根据空后的represent them可知，作者意识到要让女孩们了解自己，并且认可自己有能力代表她们。故选D项。
15.( )A.habit B.advantage C.speech D.focus
B
解析 根据空前的I loved making friends and I liked being helpful可知，作者分析了自己的优点，希望这些特质可以对自己有利。work to one's advantage意为“对某人有利”，故选B项。
04
单元限时小卷
[安徽马鞍山二中2023高一开学考] A
It is very challenging when it comes to trying to master the English language. However, there are some things you can do to improve your English learning. The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it.
Oxford Picture Dictionary
This is a great book for those who like to learn things visually. You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. There is also a bilingual version for those who want to learn using their own native language.
Word Power Made Easy
This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English. The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.
建议用时：48分钟
NTC Vocabulary Builders
Students who are more advanced in the English language will greatly like NTC Vocabulary Builders.If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice.
English Vocabulary in Use Series
This is one of the best-selling books by Cambridge University Press. The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. You can choose to learn British English or American English.
Improving your English is one of the best ways to make sure that you will do great in life. It can open many doors for you. For those who are not native English speakers, these books will come in handy. With hard work, anyone can be a master of the English language.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，主要推荐了一些可以帮助人们学习英语或者提高英语水平的书籍。
1.Which book provides ways to stay away from mistakes in spelling ( )
B
A.Oxford Picture Dictionary. B.Word Power Made Easy.
C.NTC Vocabulary Builders. D.English Vocabulary in Use.
解析 细节理解题。根据Word Power Made Easy部分中的The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.可知，Word Power Made Easy提供了避免拼写错误的方法。故选B项。
2.What is special about Oxford Picture Dictionary ( )
C
A.It is designed for language beginners.
B.It offers advice on language learning.
C.It provides many pictures to help learn language.
D.It gives learners a lot of interesting daily tasks.
解析 细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分中的You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day.可知，Oxford Picture Dictionary的独特之处在于其提供了许多帮助学习语言的图片。故选C项。
3.Who is the text written for ( )
D
A.Those who want to teach English. B.Those who want to do great in life.
C.Those who want to take on new challenges. D.Those who want to improve their vocabulary.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it.和关于每本书的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了可以帮助提高英语词汇量的书籍，由此推测文章是写给想要提高词汇量的人看的。故选D项。
[重庆2022高一期末] B
When did you last write a letter Properly write one—by hand In a digital world, sending a text or e-mail is far more convenient than using traditional mail. Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it's not time to throw away your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.
These days, when people request things in writing, a typed, electronic document will be accepted. Doing this on a computer means it could be saved, edited, copied and sent via e-mail. But doing a handwritten document is unique: It requires planning and thought, and, as well as practising your handwriting, it helps you to remember spelling and punctuation （标点符号）.
Some experts believe your brain benefits from using old-fashioned pen and paper. This is particularly related to students, because typing notes into a laptop is thought to lack the “tactile feedback （触觉反馈）” to the brain. They think taking notes by hand involves cognitive （认知的） engagement in summarizing, paraphrasing, organizing, concept and vocabulary mapping. They also agree that handwriting may improve fine movement skills of your hands and fingers.
There are everyday benefits to using pen and paper too. Writing notes, shopping lists or messages on the back of an envelope can still be useful, quick and convenient. But putting pen to paper in a letter to a friend or loved one can probably have the most influence.Pen Pal writer Katherine Moller said, “In a world where it is so easy to get online to e-mail or send a fast text, it is so personal and so precious to know someone chooses to turn off the virtual world to spend some time with you.”
So, while digital skills remain important, don't get rid of your pens and pencils yet—especially if your smartphone, tablet or laptop runs out of power!
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了在当今的数字时代，动笔书写仍然具有许多益处。
1.Why are two questions asked in Paragraph 1 ( )
D
A.To offer background information. B.To ask for opinions.
C.To show disagreement. D.To lead to the topic.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it's not time to throw away your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.可知，文章第一段提出两个问题，接着引出本文话题：动笔书写有好处。故选D项。
2.Why is doing a handwritten document special ( )
A
A.It needs people to plan and think. B.It creates spelling and punctuation.
C.It does harm to hands and fingers. D.It helps the brain recover from disease.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的But doing a handwritten document is unique: It requires planning and thought, and, as well as practising your handwriting, it helps you to remember spelling and punctuation.可知，手写文档的特殊之处在于，它需要规划、思考。故选A项。
3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 ( )
B
A.Using pen and paper every day has many benefits.
B.Writing to someone shows true emotion.
C.It is not easy to e-mail or send a fast text today.
D.Digital skills are always important and necessary.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的In a world where it is so easy to get online to e-mail or send a fast text, it is so personal and so precious to know someone chooses to turn off the virtual world to spend some time with you.可知，亲自动笔给别人写一封信能够表达你真挚的情感。故选B项。
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ( )
C
A.It's Time to Throw Away Your Pens B.A World With Writing by Hand
C.Do We Still Need to Write by Hand D.The Birth of Writing by Hand
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文内容并结合第一段中的Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it's not time to throw away your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.可知，本文在第一段提出话题——手写有许多益处。后文分析了手写的好处，C项“我们还需要手写吗？”最能概括本文的内容。故选C项。
[安徽合肥八中2023开学考] How to Keep Yourself Healthy at Home
Keeping your health at home is tough, while it's much easier when you go to gyms.1. . In this faster years of living, it is important to know your health and turn to a healthier style of living. One of the best ways is physical activities which are also helpful in reducing risks of obesity （肥胖）, heart diseases, and other health problems. Here are some valuable tips to provide health benefits at home.
Exercise using everyday household items.2. . Use simple things like full water bottles and soup cans for weightlifting. Stretching can be done quickly with the help of towels. You can even do squats （蹲） while arranging or cleaning the cupboards. You can also find exercise videos online to do at home with no equipment needed.
3. . Eat fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts, and other foods that are rich in proteins, fibre, and vitamins and contain fewer or no sugars and fats. Avoid caffeine and overeating, as they do harm to your health. In addition, reduce sodium intake by limiting salt, soy sauce, and the sodium content from your other food sources.
E
C
B
Do housework as an exercise for good health.4. . Sweeping, mopping and dusting require much energy. It also makes your heart beat faster. In this way, you can burn many calories in a shorter time. You can also clean your yard or do gardening, which is a working goal while doing daily housework. In this way, you can knock off your to-do list by gaining health benefits.
These tips are to work well while you are staying at home.5. . If you can find any free time, move more and sit less to be physically active and healthy, as it can change your life.
F
G
A.Drink water and limit sugary drinks.
B.Make a balanced diet plan for good health.
C.It is easy to find proper exercise equipment at home.
D.It can also keep your mind fresh, reducing anxiety and stress.
E.But you can make your lifestyle healthy by changing some habits.
F.Cleaning your house can be an excellent physical activity for you.
G.Every amount of work and activity can help you make your life healthier.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在家里保持健康。
1.___
E
解析 设空处前提到在家保持健康很难，再根据下文的turn to a healthier style of living和One of the best ways is physical activities可知，设空处应与上文内容形成转折，并引