津译林版（2019）必修第一册-Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good单元习题课件(共128张PPT)

(共128张PPT)
必修第一册
Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.If you want to stay _________ （energy） and fit, you need to have a balanced diet and get plenty of exercise.
energetic
解析 句意为：如果你想保持精力充沛、身体健康，你就需要均衡饮食并充分锻炼。设空处和fit并列，应用形容词energetic。
2.She found it __________ （extreme） difficult to get a job here with the language barrier.
extremely
解析 句意为：她发现由于语言障碍，在这里找一份工作极其困难。修饰形容词difficult应用副词extremely。
3.Though the twins look very much alike, they are still ________ （slight） different from each other in their appearance.
slightly
解析 句意为：虽然这对双胞胎看起来很像，但是他们的外表还是有点不同。此处应用副词slightly修饰形容词different，作状语，意为“稍微”，故填slightly。
4.The child felt__________ （frighten） when he saw the forest fire in the distance.
frightened
解析 句意为：见到远处的森林大火，那孩子感到恐惧。felt后应用形容词作表语，此处指人“害怕的”，应用形容词frightened。
5.She was __________ （concern） that she might miss the turning and get lost.
concerned
解析 句意为：她担心自己可能会错过拐弯的地方而迷路。be concerned that… 是固定用法，意为“对……担心/焦虑”。
6.It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ reach.
within
解析 句意为：把厨房里你常用的东西放在触手可及的地方可以节省时间。within reach意为“触手可及的；靠近的”，为固定短语。
7.As a teenager, I had more things to concentrate ____ than hanging out in the street.
on
解析 句意为：作为一个青少年，我有更多的事情要关注，而不是在街上闲逛。concentrate on为固定搭配，表示“集中注意力于；全神贯注于”。故填on。
8.In a way, the ocean has done humans a big favour by taking ___ some of carbon dioxide.
in
解析 句意为：在某种程度上，海洋吸收了一些二氧化碳，帮了人类一个大忙。take in为固定搭配，意为“吸收；摄取”。故填in。
9.As we are spending more and more time online, both our teachers and parents are increasingly worried about the possible side _______ （effect） of the Internet.
effects
解析 句意为：随着我们花在网上的时间越来越多，我们的老师和家长都越来越担心因特网可能带来的副作用。side effect意为“副作用；意外后果”，为可数名词短语，常用复数，此处指不止一种副作用，所以用名词复数形式。故填effects。
10.The reason__________ he told the teacher _____ he was late was that he got up late.
that/which
why
解析 句意为：他告诉老师他迟到的原因是起晚了。第一个空引导定语从句，先行词为reason，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that或which引导；第二个空同样引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作状语，表示原因，应用关系副词why。
根据提示补全句子。
1.人们越来越关注青少年的视力问题了。（concern）
______ ___ _________________ ________ ______________ eyesight problems among teenagers.
There
is
growing/increasing
concern
about/over/with
2.经常锻炼可以帮助你强身健体。（shape）
Taking exercise regularly helps you ____ _____ ______.
get
into
shape
3.我宁愿去探个究竟，也不愿坐在这儿等待。（prefer）
_______ _____ ____ here waiting, I ______ ___ ____ to find out what on earth has happened.
Rather
than
sit
prefer
to
go
4.结果证明，这位年轻人雄心勃勃。（prove）
The young man has _______ ___ ____ __________.
proved
to
be
ambitious
5.健康专家们告诫我们不要不吃早餐，这是很危险的减肥方式。（warn… against…）
Health experts ______ ___ _______ _________ _________, which is a very dangerous way to lose weight.
warn
us
against
skipping
breakfast
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A teenage girl 1_______ name is Jennifer Jones was rushed to hospital after passing out in her morning PE class. Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels because she was so concerned about her weight that she 2_________ （regular） skipped meals. Fortunately, Jennifer would make a full 3_________ （recover） in a day or two. Her case reminded other teenagers 4________ the dangers of such unhealthy weight-loss habits. 5__________ （struggle） to slim down quickly, teenagers always turn to some extreme methods. According to the survey 6__________ （conduct） by health experts, almost one fifth of teenagers frequently skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss pills. Much attention needs 7_________________ （pay） to these figures. Currently, health experts 8_____________ （increase） their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of such extreme methods. They pointed out that 9___ healthy balanced diet and regular exercise can help teenagers to stay energetic and fit. Besides, living well is the safest and most 10_________ （effect） way to get into shape.
whose
regularly
recovery
about/of
Struggling
conducted
to be paid/paying
are increasing
a
effective
1._______
whose
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句,表示所属关系，指“……的名字”,故填关系代词whose。
2._________
regularly
解析 此处修饰动词skipped，应用副词形式。
3._________
recovery
解析 空前有形容词full修饰，应用名词，make a full recovery意为“完全康复”。
4.________
about/of
解析 remind sb about/of sth是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某事”。
5.__________
Struggling
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，struggle与主语teenagers之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词。
6.__________
conducted
解析 survey和conduct之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语。
7._________________
to be paid/paying
解析 sth needs to be done与sth needs doing均意为“某事需要被做”，故填to be paid/paying。
8._____________
are increasing
解析 时间状语为Currently，根据语境可知，此处表示“健康专家正在加大努力”，因此应用现在进行时。
9.___
a
解析 此处泛指“健康均衡的饮食”，应用不定冠词，且healthy的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10._________
effective
解析 most ____与safest为并列关系,故设空处应用形容词形式。
[河南新高考联盟2023高一联考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over a long time, unhealthy diets, lack of physical exercise, and stress perhaps are major causes for diseases like high blood pressure, tobacco 1_________ （addict） and so on. These lead to various long-term diseases such as depression and heart disease, cancers, and many 2_______ （other）.Internationally, these diseases 3__________ （call） “Lifestyle Diseases”.A lifestyle disease is linked 4_______ living behaviour of that person. Heart disease and obesity are the results of bad habits like smoking and alcohol abuse （酗酒）.Lifestyle diseases are becoming 5______________ （common） nowadays. For the first time in the human history these lifestyle diseases kill more people than infectious ones.
addiction
others
are called
to/with
more common
Most likely, each person wants to live a long and happy life. So, 6_____ can people start a healthy lifestyle First, you must 7_______ （clear） set your goal. Do not start the change tomorrow 8___ Monday. You need to start from today! Naturally, you need to eat healthy food, and exclude （排除） fast food and sandwiches from your menu. Besides, it is 9___ equal importance to keep mental health. Do not allow pessimistic emotions 10__________ （disturb） you repeatedly.
how
clearly
or
of
to disturb
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不健康生活方式的多种原因及不良影响，并给出了如何过健康幸福的生活的建议。
1._________
addiction
解析 句意为：长期以来，不健康的饮食、缺乏体育锻炼以及压力也许是高血压、烟草成瘾等疾病的主要原因。根据介词like可知，设空处应用名词作宾语。故填addiction。
2._______
others
解析 句意为：这些会导致各种长期疾病，如抑郁症、心脏病、癌症以及许多其他疾病。设空处前有many修饰，故填others。many others与“many other+可数名词复数”意义相近，意为“很多其他的……”，在本句中意为“很多其他疾病”。
3.__________
are called
解析 句意为：在国际上，这些疾病被称为“生活方式疾病”。设空处作谓语，此处为客观介绍，且主语these diseases与call之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语these diseases表示复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are called。
4._______
to/with
解析 句意为：一个人所患的生活方式疾病与他/她的生活行为有关。be linked to/with为固定搭配，意为“与……相关”。故填to/with。
5.______________
more common
解析 句意为：如今，生活方式疾病正变得越来越常见。根据句意可知，本句暗含比较意义，应用比较级。故填more common。
6._____
how
解析 根据下文可知，本段介绍具体的健康生活的建议，因此设空处应发出提问，故用疑问副词how。
7._______
clearly
解析 句意为：首先，你必须明确树立目标。设空处修饰动词set，作状语，应用副词。故填clearly。
8.___
or
解析 设空处应用连词，连接tomorrow和Monday，表示选择关系。故填or。
9.___
of
解析 句意为：此外，保持心理健康也同样重要。此处为“be of+形容词+抽象名词”结构，表示主语的性质或特征。故填of。
【知识拓展】“be of+抽象名词”结构的用法
“be of+抽象名词”结构可转化为与该抽象名词相对应的形容词，用于说明或描述事物具有某种特征或属性，常用于此结构的名词有：use, importance, significance, help, value, benefit等。名词前还可以用一些词修饰，如：great, little, some, any, much, vital, chief等。如：The meeting is of great importance.=The meeting is greatly important.这个会议很重要。
10.__________
to disturb
解析 句意为：不要让悲观情绪反复困扰你。allow sb/sth to do sth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，其中不定式结构作宾语补足语。故填to disturb。
01
Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
A
Canyoning （溪降运动）
Canyoning allows people to explore the high-energy environment where water meets rock on the coast. Protected by wetsuits and helmets （头盔）, people jump from the cliffs （悬崖） and waterfalls and discover caves that would not normally be arrived at.
It was first done in the UK by TYF Adventure （01437 721 611, www.） and several thousand people jump from the cliffs near St Davids each year. A half-day canyoning trip costs ￡50 per person （￡30 for children under 16）.
Diving
Diving is not popular with British people. The difficulties of wild waters are great because the waters are cold and not clear enough. But the coasts of Cornwall, Wales and Scotland have some of the best diving places in the world.
The British Sub-Aqua Club （0151 350 6200, www.bsac.com） and the Professional Association of Diving Instructors （0117 300 7234, www.） run courses teaching the important skills.
Surfing
The best surfing places in the UK are on the southwest coast where it is warm, especially in Cornwall. The best time of the year to surf in the UK is late summer and autumn when water temperatures are at their mildest.
The British Surfing Association （0147 986 1256, www.britsurf.co.uk） has a list of famous surfing schools round the country.
Rock climbing
The most popular natural rock climbing places in Britain include the Peak District and the Lake District, while large areas of Scotland are climbers' ideal places. Climbing courses and climbing walls can be found on the website of the British Mountaineering Council （0161 445 6111, www.thebmc.co.uk） which offers a series of short videos that take the new climbers through a step-by-step guide to visit a climbing wall for the first time.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种运动项目以及其相应的组织机构的相关信息。
1.How much should a couple with their child of 15 pay for joining the Canyoning for a day ( )
C
A.￡130. B.￡160. C.￡260. D.￡320.
解析 细节理解题。根据Canyoning部分中的A half-day canyoning trip costs ￡50 per person （￡30 for children under 16）.可知，半天的旅行费用是一个人50英镑，16岁以下的孩子是30英镑，所以两个成人加一个15岁的孩子一天所需要的费用是（50+50+30）×2=260。故选C项。
2.Which number should you call if you want to go surfing ( )
A
A.0147 986 1256. B.0161 445 6111. C.01437 721 611. D.0151 350 6200.
解析 细节理解题。根据Surfing部分中的The British Surfing Association （0147 986 1256, www.britsurf.co.uk） has a list of famous surfing schools round the country.可知，想要去冲浪，你应该拨打0147 986 1256。故选A项。
3.Which of the following is NOT well accepted by British people ( )
B
A.Canyoning. B.Diving. C.Surfing. D.Rock climbing.
解析 细节理解题。根据Diving部分中的Diving is not popular with British people.（英国人不喜欢潜水）可知，潜水不受英国人的欢迎。故选B项。
[重庆八中2023高一期末] B
The measure of a good night's sleep is usually based on two things—the amount of time spent sleeping and the quality of that sleep. But now researchers say there is a third thing that matters even more than the other two when it comes to keeping good sleep habits, and that is having a regular bedtime.
A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day has an important effect on one's health. Adults who stick to a regular bedtime tend to weigh less, have lower blood sugar and a reduced risk of heart disease.
The researchers studied the sleeping habits of 2,000 adults with an average age of 69.They found that people with greater irregularity （无规律的事物） in their sleep patterns tended to go to sleep later at night, feel sleepy and sleep more during the day, and experienced reduced light exposure. These people were also more likely to be stressed. Among the three kinds of sleep problems, sleep regularity was the most strongly associated with health.
Of course, there are many people for whom this may be impossible, such as night-shift workers or those with late-night duty. But for those who don't have mandatory （强制的） reasons to stay up late, they should make an effort to go to bed at the same time every night. Skip the late afternoon coffee. Get off the phone. Try the sleep calculator to figure out the best bedtime.
As Matthew Walker, a scientist, wrote, “The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life.” Surely that's reasonable enough to go to bed on time.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，除了睡眠时间和睡眠质量外，规律的就寝时间对于人的健康起着很重要的作用。
1.What can we infer from the research ( )
D
A.People feel more stressed when they grow older.
B.The old often have less sleep.
C.Adults enjoy sleeping late.
D.Regular bedtime does good to our health.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可推断，规律的就寝时间对我们的健康有很大好处。故选D项。
2.Which of the following influences health most ( )
B
A.Reduced light exposure. B.Sleep regularity.
C.Sleeping during the day. D.Sleeping late at night.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，在三种睡眠问题中，睡眠规律与健康的关系最为密切。由此可知，睡眠规律对健康影响最大。故选B项。
3.According to the author, what should those who don't have to stay up late do ( )
D
A.Avoid the late-night duty. B.Skip the late-night coffee.
C.Get off the phone while working. D.Try to sleep at the same time each night.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的But for those who don't have mandatory reasons to stay up late, they should make an effort to go to bed at the same time every night.可知，那些不必熬夜的人应该每晚尽量在同一时间睡觉。故选D项。
4.What's the best title for the text ( )
C
A.The Importance of Sleep B.Ways to Have a Good Sleep
C.Regular Bedtime for Your Health D.The Suitable Time for Sleep
解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段第二句点明主旨，接下来介绍了规律的就寝时间对于养成良好睡眠习惯的重要性以及给人们的健康带来的好处。Regular Bedtime for Your Health （规律的就寝时间有益于你的健康）可作为本文最佳标题，符合主旨。故选C项。
【方法总结】如何确定文章标题
通常情况下，文章标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。确定最佳标题的方法：（1）关注重要信息。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章主题相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心思想，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。（2）寻找主题句。了解文章主旨的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但也可能在文章的末段或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题。（3）把握文章整体，不被细节迷惑。要准确把握文章的中心思想，就要十分留意文章的开头和结尾，抓住文中具有概括性的信息，上下文连贯起来理解全文。很多文章的主题句并不明显，需要我们仔细体会字里行间的意思，了解文章的背景知识、文章结构，推断作者的意图或态度，从整体上把握文章的主旨。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.when it comes to… 当涉及……时
2.stick to坚持
熟词生义
measure 熟义：n.措施；方法 vt.测量 linking verb （指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为 生义：n.衡量；标准；尺度；程度
[北京2022] Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.1. . It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
2. . We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.3. . This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.4. . For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune （免疫） system and protects us against diseases.5. . This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
G
B
D
F
C
A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B.Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C.It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D.For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E.If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F.There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G.This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了健康和健身之间密不可分的关系，并对我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己拥有健康的身体提出了建议。
1.___
G
解析 空前一句提到，因为各种压力，我们的健康往往会被忽视；空后一句则提到，正是身体的健康状况帮助我们与各种疾病作斗争。设空处承上启下，应是提到忽视健康对我们身体的影响。G项（这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会患上与生活方式有关的疾病和其他疾病）符合语境，G项中的This指代前文的we tend to ignore our health，空后的these diseases则指代G项中的lifestyle and other diseases。
2.___
B
解析 根据文章结构可知，设空处位于段首，应是本段的主题句。根据空后两句We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.可知，本段主要介绍健康与健身是密不可分的。B项（健康和健身是相互关联的）能够概括本段的主要内容，符合语境。
3.___
D
解析 空前一句提到，我们可能虽然没有生病，但身体很虚弱，这让我们易于受到病毒侵袭；空后一句则提到，生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。设空处承上启下，D项（例如，我们可能很容易感冒）针对前文举出具体事例，且空后的This指代D项中的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况。
4.___
F
解析 空前一句提到，对每个人来说花些时间去保持健康和锻炼身体是很重要的；空后一句则举出具体事例，说明不论年龄和工作方式，我们都必须每天坚持锻炼。设空处承上启下，F项（有一些活动是每个人在生活中都应该做的）引出对我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼的介绍，符合语境。
5.___
C
解析 前文提到，我们应该保障充足的睡眠，这可以帮助我们提高免疫力并保护我们免受疾病侵袭；空后则提到，这转而会让我们拥有健康和健身的新目标。设空处承上启下，应是继续介绍充足的睡眠的好处。C项（它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑）符合语境，且C项中的also表示与前文的递进关系，而空后的This指代C项中的helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
2.devote… to… 投入（时间、精力等）于……；把……用于……
进阶词汇
1.target vt.以……为目标；把……对准 n.目标；（攻击的）对象
2.in accordance with sth依据/依照某事物
3.regardless of不管；不顾
熟词生义
given 熟义：give的过去分词
生义：adj.特定的；指定的；规定的 prep.考虑到；鉴于 n.可以肯定的基本事实
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The government provided an __________ （addition） ?$25 million to expand the service.
additional
解析 句意为：政府另提供2,500万美元用于扩展该项服务。此处表示“另外的”，应用形容词形式，additional意为“额外的；附加的”。
2.This will __________ （negative） affect the economy over the first half of the year.
negatively
解析 句意为：这将会给上半年的经济带来负面影响。修饰动词affect应用副词形式。
3.He sets an alarm and a timer for a __________ （schedule） time to wake up.
scheduled
解析 句意为：他设置一个闹钟和定时器，以便在预定的时间醒来。设空处修饰time，应用形容词形式，scheduled作形容词时意为“预定的”。
4.Some teenagers are under great________ （press） from their parents and teachers.
pressure
解析 句意为：有些青少年承受着来自父母和老师的巨大压力。under pressure是固定搭配，意为“承受压力”。
5.Many patients are getting the medical ______________ （treat） they need.
treatment（s）
解析 句意为：许多病人正在接受他们所需要的医治。medical treatment意为 “医疗”，且treatment意为“治疗；疗法”时可作可数名词。
6.Learning is not always easy, but it is always beneficial ___ the long term.
in
解析 句意为：学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远来看它总是有益的。in the long term意为“从长远来看”，为固定短语。
7.These strategies in the works will contribute to ___________ （overcome） these challenges.
overcoming
解析 句意为：这些在筹备中的策略将会有助于克服这些挑战。contribute to doing sth意为“有助于做某事”。
8.Some of his best __________ （memory） are travelling to other countries with his father.
memories
解析 句意为：他最美好的一些回忆是和他父亲一起去其他国家旅游。some of… 表示“……的一些”，其后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，memory是可数名词，故填memories。
9.Little Tom is often educated by his parents to be good and friendly to others even if _____________ （misunderstand） sometimes.
misunderstood
解析 句意为：父母经常教导小汤姆要对别人善良且友好，即使有时会被误解也要这样。当从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。此题中的让步状语从句补充完整为even if he is misunderstood，故此处填misunderstood。
10.It's one of the few countries _______ people drive on the left.
where
解析 句意为：这是为数不多的几个靠左行驶的国家之一。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为countries，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where。
根据提示补全句子。
1.科学除了创造事物，也创造思想。（addition）
___ ________ ___ ________ _______, science creates ideas.
In
addition
to
creating
things
2.他限制每个学员每天的运动量在一个小时左右。（amount）
He limits____ ________ ___ ________ for each trainee per day to an hour or so.
the
amount
of
exercise
3.压力也许会通过影响情绪和行为间接导致疾病。（contribute）
______ __________ __________ ___ _______ in less direct ways by influencing moods and behaviour.
Stress
may/might
contribute
to
disease
4.缺席会议的是杰克和汤姆，他们遇上了交通堵塞。（caught）
_______ ______ the meeting were Jack and Tom, who ______ _______ ____ ___ the traffic jam.
Absent
from
were
caught
up
in
5.很明显，吃恰当的食物和避免不健康的习惯对我们很有好处。（it作形式主语; avoid）
___ ___ ________ _____ eating proper food and _________ __________ ______ benefit us a lot.
It
is
obvious
that
avoiding
unhealthy
habits
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.There are various reasons _____ they want to do part-time jobs.
why
解析 句意为：他们想做兼职工作的原因各种各样。先行词是reasons，设空处在定语从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导该从句。故填why。
2.We are living in an age ______ online shopping is part of our daily life.
when
解析 句意为：我们生活在一个网购已成为日常生活一部分的时代。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词age在句中意为“时代”，表时间，设空处在从句中作时间状语，因此设空处用关系副词when。
3.Mr Green drove his car slowly until it came to the freeway _______ the speed limit was 60 miles an hour.
where
解析 句意为：格林先生慢慢地开着车，直到高速公路上，那里的限速是每小时六十英里。____ the speed limit was 60 miles an hour是一个定语从句，先行词是the freeway，设空处在定语从句中作状语，表地点，用关系副词where引导该从句，故填where。
4.I will never forget the day __________ we spent together in that mountain village.
that/which
解析 句意为：我永远不会忘记我们在那个山村一起度过的日子。定语从句的先行词虽然是表示时间的名词day，但是定语从句中spent后面缺少宾语，需要用关系代词引导该从句。故填that或which。
5.He got into a situation _______ it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
where
解析 句意为：他陷入了一种难以判断是非的境地。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是situation，意为“状况；局面”，为抽象地点名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
【知识拓展】表示抽象地点的名词后的定语从句
当先行词是表示抽象地点的名词，如case、situation、point、scene、stage、position、condition、occasion （场合）等时，这些名词后的定语从句常用where引导。如：I will show you the point where you fail.我将指出你的失败之处。
6.The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that village.
when
解析 句意为：这部电影使我回想起我在那个村子里受到很好的照顾的时光。分析句子结构可知，定语从句的先行词是hours，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
7.Creating a relaxed atmosphere in _______ employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge.
which
解析 句意为：创造一个轻松的氛围，让员工不那么害怕说出自己的观点是一项很大的挑战。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是atmosphere，表示抽象的地点，且此处在从句中作地点状语，可以用where或者in which引导，空前有in，故填which。
8.The reason for _______ she changed her mind is quite clear.
which
解析 句意为：她改变主意的原因很清楚。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为reason，关系词作介词for的宾语，应用which。故填which。
9.Many countries are now setting up national parks _______ animals and plants can be protected.
where
解析 句意为：许多国家正在建立国家公园，在那里动物和植物可以受到保护。根据句子成分分析，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为national parks，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导该从句。
10.The reason _____ he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
why
解析 句意为：他迟到的原因是他的自行车在路上出了毛病。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，故用关系副词why引导该从句。
[四川雅安2022高二期末] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and 1. . （wise）.First, some of us 2. . （be） upset about our appearance. I don't think it is important at all and there is no need to care about it. Actually, it is one's inner beauty that matters. Second, we sometimes cannot 3. . （understand） correctly by our teachers, parents and classmates. Faced with this, we can find a right time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, 4. . （try） to remove the misunderstanding. Some of us have fewer friends 5. . would like to listen to our deepest feelings and thoughts. I think being open-minded and friendly will do us good. Third, we may fall behind others, which makes us 6. . （stress）.Well, we can encourage ourselves to work efficiently, full of 7. . （determine）.Last, some of us don't have much pocket money, 8. . we feel unhappy. Isn't it strange 9. .my view, as long as we have some, that's enough. And then, we can learn to be independent by taking some part-time 10. . （job）, earning some extra money.
wisely
are
be understood
trying
who/that
stressed
determination
so/and
In
jobs
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生遇到的一些成长的烦恼及摆脱这些烦恼的办法。
1._______
wisely
解析 句意为：我们高中生确实有一些成长的烦恼，但我们可以正确而明智地摆脱它们。设空处修饰动词短语get rid of，应用副词作状语。故填wisely。
2.____
are
解析 句意为：首先，我们中的一些人对自己的外表感到沮丧。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语为some of us，指“我们中的一些人”，为复数。故填are。
3._____________
be understood
解析 句意为：其次，老师、家长和同学们有时无法正确理解我们。根据语境和空后的by our teachers, parents and classmates可知，此处表示被动关系，故句子应用被动语态， cannot为情态动词的否定形式，后跟动词原形。故填be understood。
4.______
trying
解析 句意为：面对这一点，我们可以找个合适的时间与他们进行一次敞开心扉的谈话，尽力消除误解。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词find，且与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式，句子主语we与try之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填trying。
5._________
who/that
解析 句意为：我们中的一些人很少有朋友愿意倾听我们内心深处的感受和想法。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为friends，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
6.________
stressed
解析 句意为：第三，我们可能落后于他人，这让我们感到焦虑。分析句子成分可知，此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用形容词作宾补。stress的形容词stressed意为“焦虑的”，修饰人；stressful意为“充满压力的”，形容物。故填stressed。
7._____________
determination
解析 句意为：那么，我们可以鼓励自己高效地工作，充满决心。分析句子成分可知，设空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词，determine对应的名词为determination，意为“决心”，为不可数名词。故填determination。
8._______
so/and
解析 句意为：最后，我们中的一些人没有多少零花钱，因此我们感到不高兴。根据句意可知，此处表示因为没有多少零花钱而感到不高兴。故填so/and。
9.___
In
解析 句意为：在我看来，只要我们有一些零花钱，就足够了。in one's view为固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”。句首单词首字母应大写，故填In。
10._____
jobs
解析 句意为：然后，我们可以通过做一些兼职工作来学会独立，挣些额外的钱。根据句中的some可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式， job意为“工作”时，为可数名词。故填jobs。
02
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
[河北石家庄二中2023高一期中] Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.
People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow. Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair colour or hairstyle. Some people even spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion so important that people spend so much time and effort changing what they look like
If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should put their health and positive image in the first place. What people wear does not say anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing clothes, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就时尚和舒适展开讨论，作者认为时尚远不如健康和舒适重要，并且提出了健康生活方式的建议。
1.Why does the author include questions in the text ( )
D
A.To enrich the content. B.To introduce a phenomenon.
C.To present different ideas. D.To encourage readers to think.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容以及接下来几段的论述可知，作者提出问题，以引发读者思考：时尚真的那么重要吗？故选D项。
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about ( )
C
A.The fact about the fashion industry. B.Reasons why fashion is important.
C.What people do for being fashionable. D.Products popular with fashion followers.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的go on extreme, unhealthy diets; wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow; spend time and money on products that change their natural hair colour or hairstyle 以及spend several hours a day in front of a mirror 可知，本段主要介绍了人们为了追求时尚而做的事。故选C项。
3.Which of the following would the author most likely recommend ( )
A
A.Going skiing with friends. B.Starting a new diet with a friend.
C.Changing hairstyles every week. D.Shopping for fashionable clothes.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton和why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise可知，与花费时间和精力以及牺牲健康而换取时尚相比，作者认为应该吃健康食物，和朋友一起锻炼身体。由此推知，作者可能建议和朋友一起去滑雪。故选A项。
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text ( )
C
A.To introduce the latest fashion trends.
B.To tell people how to remain fashionable.
C.To advise people to value health over fashion.
D.To show people advantages and disadvantages of dieting.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But fashion is not everything.It is more important to be a healthy and good person.以及第三段中的Fashion should not come first.People should put their health and positive image in the first place.可知，本文表明了时尚远不如健康和舒适重要。由此推知，作者写本文的目的是劝说读者重视健康胜过重视时尚。故选C项。
【方法总结】推测作者的写作目的或意图
推测作者的写作目的或意图的题目属于推理判断题。每篇文章都有特定的写作目的：有的是向读者传递信息；有的是讲述故事，或是传授某个道理；有的文章则借助文字表达对某人或某事的情感。该类题目主要考查考生通过分析语境把握作者的思路，通过文章细节探索作者隐藏的思想及真正写作意图的能力。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过描写或说明使读者信服某种想法或观点。这类题目要求考生不仅要理解文章的内容，还要具备对作者所阐述的问题及使用的写作手法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
[江苏南京师大附中2022高一期末] It was a summer vacation, and I was at a zoo with my family. Because of my extremely pointy nose, when we . .1. . a group of flamingos （火烈鸟） standing round a pond, my brother shouted at me, “Hey, look! Your real . .2. .!” Then they asked me to stand in front of my new-found relatives.“Now turn your face to the . .3. ., sweetie,” my mother shot a picture.
When I was 14, the performer Ashlee Simpson got a . .4. . nose job. I looked at her before-and-after pictures, and I was . .5. . to get one for myself. I told this to my mum but she disapproved. When I. .6. . her to take me to see a plastic surgeon, she would say, “If you believe you're beautiful, people will see you that way.”
She must have had enough of me, . .7. . she finally agreed to book me an appointment. Full of . .8. ., I walked into the doctor's office. He turned my head up and down while a nurse took a photo of my face. The doctor played round with my nose's appearance with the computer.. .9. ., he showed me his finished work. I had seen that nose on so many other people and I . .10. . the person looking back at me on that screen. I made excuses to get out of making another appointment and exited the office, never . .11. . a nose job again.
Looking at the old photo, I'm smiling with. .12. ..Had I had that plastic surgery, I would definitely lose my . .13. . and uniqueness. My mum's words consistently serve as a . .14. . that don't let appearance cast a shadow on our confidence and we should learn to . .15. . and love who we are.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小因为自己的尖鼻子而受到困扰，后来看到别人做的鼻部整形手术很成功，便请求妈妈带自己去看整形外科医生，但医生做出来的鼻子是千篇一律的效果，作者最终决定放弃手术，保持自己的独特性。
1.( )A.caught B.spotted C.left D.imagined
B
解析 句意为：因为我的鼻子特别尖，当我们看到一群火烈鸟站在池塘边时，我哥哥冲我喊道：“嘿，看！你真正的家人！”根据语境可知，此处表示作者一家人去了动物园，在动物园里看见一群火烈鸟站在池塘边。spot意为“看见”。故选B项。
2.( )A.friends B.self C.sisters D.family
D
解析 根据下文中的Then they asked me to stand in front of my new-found relatives.可知，此处作者将火烈鸟形容成自己“刚找到的亲戚”。由此可知，此处应表示作者的哥哥说，那是作者真正的家人。故选D项。
3.( )A.side B.back C.front D.end
A
解析 句意为：“现在把脸转向侧面，亲爱的，”我妈妈拍了一张照片。根据上文内容可知，作者的鼻子特别尖，像火烈鸟，由此可推知，此处表示作者的妈妈要求作者把脸转向侧面拍照，拍到尖尖的鼻子。故选A项。
4.( )A.stable B.professional C.fantastic D.smooth
C
解析 句意为：我14岁的时候，表演者阿什莉·辛普森做了一个很棒的鼻部整形手术。根据下文中的When I ___ her to take me to see a plastic surgeon可知，作者受到阿什莉·辛普森的影响，想要去看整形外科医生，故可推断阿什莉·辛普森的手术应该是效果很好的。stable意为“稳定的”；professional意为“专业的”；fantastic意为“极好的”；smooth意为“流畅的”。故选C项。
5.( )A.frightened B.shocked C.determined D.pleased
C
解析 句意为：看了她手术前后的对比照片，我决定自己也要做一个鼻部整形手术。根据下文作者央求妈妈带自己去看整形医生以及作者去了医院可知，此处表示作者决定自己也要做鼻部整形手术。determined意为“有决心的”。故选C项。
6.( )A.begged B.persuaded C.advised D.invited
A
解析 句意为：当我请求她带我去看整形外科医生时，她会说，“如果你认为自己很漂亮，人们就会那样看你。”根据上文中的I was_____to get one for myself以及I told this to my mum but she disapproved.可知，此处表示作者请求自己的妈妈带自己去看整形外科医生。beg意为“恳求”；persuade意为“说服”。故选A项。
7.( )A.though B.for C.until D.yet
B
解析 句意为：她一定受够我了，因为她最终同意给我预约了。根据语境可知，句子前后表示因果关系，再结合选项可知，此处应用for表示“因为”。故选B项。
8.( )A.expectation B.curiosity C.concern D.doubt
A
解析 句意为：我满怀期待地走进了医生的办公室。根据上文中的I looked at her before-and-after pictures, and I was____ to get one for myself.可知，作者相信整形手术可以改变自己的鼻子，所以满怀期待地走进医生办公室。expectation意为“期待”；curiosity意为“好奇心”；concern意为“担心”；doubt意为“怀疑”。故选A项。
9.( )A.Generally B.Gradually C.Fortunately D.Finally
D
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示医生经过一系列检查之后，给作者的鼻子拍了照片，在电脑上制作出效果展示，最后给作者看了已完成的作品。故选D项。
10.( )A.missed B.hated C.treasured D.equalled
B
解析 句意为：我在其他很多人身上看到过这种鼻子，我讨厌那个在屏幕上回望我的人。根据上文中的I had seen that nose on so many other people和下文中的Had I had that plastic surgery, I would definitely lose my ____ and uniqueness.可知，医生做出来的鼻子是千篇一律的效果，好像在很多人的脸上都能看到，后来作者认为如果自己当时做了那个手术，就会失去自己的独特性。由此可知，此处表示作者不喜欢屏幕上的那个自己。故选B项。
11.( )A.repairing B.performing C.mentioning D.stressing
C
解析 句意为：我找借口不再进行下一次预约，离开了办公室，（从这之后我）再也没提过鼻部整形手术了。根据上文中的I made excuses to get out of making another appointment可知，此处应表示作者再没提过鼻部整形手术了。repair意为“修理”；perform意为“执行”；mention意为“提到”；stress意为“强调”。故选C项。
12.( )A.relief B.regret C.satisfaction D.pride
A
解析 根据下文中的Had I had that plastic surgery, I would definitely lose my ____ and uniqueness.可知，作者最终没做手术，作者觉得如果自己做了手术，会失去自己的独特性。故此处表示作者看着旧照片，松了一口气。relief意为“轻松”；regret意为“遗憾”；satisfaction意为“满足”；pride意为“自豪”。故选A项。
13.( )A.quality B.individuality C.advantage D.value
B
解析 根据语境可知，此处应指作者的鼻子尖尖的，具有个性，如果做了整形手术，会失去个性和独特性。quality意为“质量”；individuality意为“个性”；advantage意为“优势”；value意为“价值”。故选B项。
14.( )A.proposal B.notice C.sigh D.reminder
D
解析 根据下文中的don't let appearance cast a shadow on our confidence and we should learn to ___ and love who we are可知，妈妈的话一直提醒作者要自信、接受自己和爱自己。proposal意为“提议”；sigh意为“叹息”。故选D项。
15.( )A.realize B.remember C.understand D.accept
D
解析 根据上文中的… she would say, “If you believe you're beautiful, people will see you that way.”可知，作者妈妈的话提醒作者要学会接受真实的自己。故选D项。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The _______ （beautiful） of the city invites me to have a longer stay.
beauty
解析 句意为：这座城市的美丽吸引我多待上一段时间。
2.In summer, brilliant colours are ___________ （fashion）, because they look better and brighter.
fashionable
解析 句意为：鲜亮的色彩在夏季很流行，因为它们看起来更漂亮、更明快。设空处作主句的表语，应用形容词形式。
3.Howard is a ________ （talent） pianist and always gives performances round the world.
talented
解析 句意为：霍华德是一位有天赋的钢琴家，总在世界各地演出。修饰名词pianist应用形容词形式。
4.It was a remarkable ____________ （achieve） for such a young player.
achievement
解析 句意为：对如此年轻的选手来说，这是了不起的成绩。remarkable是形容词，其后应接名词形式。
5.The incident sparked off a whole series___ events that nobody had foreseen.
of
解析 句意为：那一事件引发了一连串谁也没有料到的事。a series of意为“一系列”。
6.They can see the fruits of their labour and take pride ___ their work.
in
解析 句意为：他们能看到自己的劳动成果并为他们的工作感到自豪。take pride in sth意为“为某事感到骄傲/自豪”。
7.Some people show____ their cooking skills by competing in a talent show.
off
解析 句意为：有些人会通过在才艺表演中比拼来炫耀他们的厨技。show off意为“炫耀；卖弄”。
8.We should learn to guard _______ some illnesses from a young age.
against
解析 句意为：我们应该从小就学习预防一些疾病。guard against意为“防范；提防”，为固定短语。
9.Because the restaurants were all full, we ended up _______ （eat） hamburgers at home.
eating
解析 句意为：因为所有餐馆都已满客，我们最终只能在家吃汉堡。end up doing sth意为“以做某事而告终”，为固定短语。
10.The ability to keep calm is one of her many _________ （strength）.
strengths
解析 句意为：保持冷静的能力是她的多项长处之一。strength意为“优势；长处”时为可数名词，且空前有many修饰，故应用复数形式。
根据提示补全句子。
1.常言道，事实胜于雄辩。
____ ____ _______ _____, facts speak louder than words.
As
the
saying
goes
2.如果你中途放弃的话，这会对你的自信心造成负面影响并会使之后的事情变得更难处理。（negative）
If you give up halfway, it will _____ ___ ________ ____________________ ____ your self-confidence and make things harder to handle later on.
have
a
negative
effect/influence/impact
on
3.他们最终辜负了大家的期望，以失败告终。
Eventually, they failed to _____ ____ ___ everyone's expectations, _______ ____ with failure.
live
up
to
ending
up
4.我们生活在数字化时代，人们利用社交媒体来交新朋友。（定语从句）
We are living in the digital age ______ _______ ____ ______ _______ to make new friends.
when
people
use
social
media
5.切记，如果孩子每天锻炼身体，晚上做一些安静的活动，他们就能睡得更好。（mind）
__________ ___ ______ _____ kids sleep better if they exercise every day and have some quiet activities at night.
Bear/Keep
in
mind
that
[湖北新高考联考协作体2022高二期末] I learnt an important lesson from one of my patients. When I first met Linda, she was only six years old, beautiful and energetic. She had an accident when she fell into the fire on a camping trip, leaving 30% of her skin surface damaged.
Linda would require several weeks in the hospital and three additional surgeries. Between each operation, nurses daily took her for disinfection （消毒）.
Overnight, the dressings （敷料） would stick to the wound and have to be pulled away. Each step was more painful for Linda than the previous one. For an adult, the agonizing （折磨人的） pain and daily fear prove overwhelming. For a child, it has an impact forever. Linda's life would never be the same.
I took care of Linda for the next several years, treating her scars and freeing areas of tightness in her face and neck. Over that time, her scars faded and her appearance improved significantly. Eventually, her family moved away and I lost track of her.
Years later, at a national meeting, I ran into a plastic surgeon I knew who told me he had met a former patient of mine. It was Linda. She was doing extremely well and she was his colleague and not his patient. Linda had become a nurse and worked with him in a burn unit.
She was the nurse the patients most often asked to clean their wounds and change their dressings. Her compassion （同情心） and her courage in returning to a burn unit inspired their confidence and reduced their fears. Linda turned her pain into compassion. She devoted every day of her life towards helping others overcome their pain.
Physicians can be frustrated and overwhelmed when we don't have enough time in a day to complete everything we need to do. Linda taught me the importance of slowing down. Among the best gifts we, as physicians, can give our patients, whether in the exam room or at the bedside in the hospital, is to take the time to show the compassion we feel.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了琳达小时候经历了烧伤事故，治疗过程中的每一步对她来说都意味着疼痛和煎熬，但年幼的琳达凭借坚强的意志，熬过了这段痛苦的时期，并在长大后选择成为一名烧伤科的护士来帮助其他病人。
1.Which of the following words can best describe Linda according to the story ( )
D
A.Outspoken. B.Well-behaved. C.Painful. D.Strong-minded.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，治疗和恢复的过程对成人而言都是非常痛苦的，更何况对当时还是个孩子的琳达来说；再结合下文提到的琳达状态很不错并成了一名烧伤科护士可知，她是个意志坚强的人。故选D项。
2.What step could cause unbearable pain for Linda ( )
A
A.Pulling away the dressings. B.Going through disinfection.
C.Treating the scars. D.Freeing the areas of tightness.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Overnight, the dressings would stick to the wound and have to be pulled away.Each step was more painful for Linda than the previous one.可知，用来保护伤口的敷料在夜里会粘在伤口上，揭开敷料的过程对琳达来说十分痛苦，故去掉敷料可能会导致无法忍受的疼痛。故选A项。
3.What can help doctors reduce their patients' fears according to the passage ( )
C
A.Experience. B.Patience. C.Compassion. D.Friendliness.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Among the best gifts we, as physicians, can give our patients… is to take the time to show the compassion we feel.及倒数第二段中的Her compassion… reduced their fears.可知，医生能够给予病人的最大安慰就是医生的同情心，即医生的同情心能够帮助病人减轻担忧和恐惧。故选C项。
4.What can we infer from the passage ( )
C
A.Linda was thankful for the author's compassion.
B.Linda was mostly trusted by her colleagues.
C.Linda's experience led her to be a nurse. D.Gifts make patients confident in operations.
解析 推理判断题。根据前文内容可知，琳达小时候有过烧伤的经历，结合文章倒数第二段中的Linda turned her pain into compassion.可知，琳达将自己经历过的痛苦转换为同情心去帮助病患。由此可推知，琳达的经历促使她成为一名护士。故选C项。
长难句分析
句意：当我们一天中没有足够的时间来完成我们需要做的所有事情时，医生会感到沮丧和不知所措。
03
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
A
Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers, or surf the Internet, we'll be surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
It's obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fat. All we have to do is swallow or recognize the word “diet” on food labels.
What's more, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggles.
As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. And they can indirectly harm our bodies because taking them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.
【语篇导读】本文主要论述了减肥产品对人的影响，包括对人的心理影响和身体上的伤害。
1.What can be inferred from the first paragraph ( )
C
A.Diet products are cheap and healthy. B.People enjoy paying for diet products.
C.Diet products are misleading people. D.People are surrounded by “diet”.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.可知，人们容易被减肥产品所承诺的好处吸引，而忽略其对人产生的不良影响。故选C项。
2.What does “gain comes without pain” in Paragraph 3 mean ( )
A
A.Losing weight is effortless. B.It costs a lot to lose weight.
C.Diet products are free of fat. D.Diet products cause no pain.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前一句可知，减肥产品让人们认为不用费力就能得到想要的结果，再根据life can be without resistance and struggles可知，gain comes without pain的意思是“减肥毫不费力”。故选A项。
3.What are the psychological effects of diet products？( )
C
A.People would hesitate before they enjoy diet foods.
B.People would pay more attention to their daily diet.
C.People would care about results instead of efforts.
D.People would try out varieties of diet products.
解析 细节理解题。第三段主要讲减肥产品对人们心理上的影响。根据第三段中的Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggles.可知，减肥产品产生的心理效应是使人们认为不必坚持和努力就能得到想要的结果，也就是让人们更关心结果而不是努力。故选C项。
4.Why would diet products indirectly harm people physically ( )
D
A.They are over-consumed. B.They lack chemicals.
C.They provide too much fat. D.They lack basic nutrients.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的And they can indirectly harm our bodies because taking them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients.可知，减肥产品之所以会间接伤害我们的身体，是因为它们不能提供人体所需要的基本营养物。故选D项。
长难句分析
句意：并且它们会间接伤害我们的身体，因为不吃健康食品而是食用它们意味着我们使我们的身体不能摄入基本的营养物。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
lie in在于
词缀拓展
-en suffix ①（构成动词）使；使成为；变得 ②（构成形容词）由……制成的；像……一样的
weaken vt.& vi.（使）减弱；削弱;动摇
[江苏常州2022高一期中] B
Mirrors always tell the truth. When the evil Queen asked her mirror, “Who's the fairest of them all ” she did not like the answer: “Snow White is the fairest of them all.” In the fairy tale, the Queen tried to kill Snow White to keep herself the fairest. In modern times, she would have just chosen some plastic surgery.
The plastic surgery industry has been developing rapidly in the past ten years as more people look in the mirror and try to change the “truth” of their reflection. A recent study shows that nearly 60% of the college students surveyed were anxious about their appearance, and that about a quarter of them would consider receiving plastic surgery to look more physically attractive.
The reasons for which these young people are concerned about their looks have partly to do with necessity and partly to do with vanity （虚荣心）.Studies have shown that, in today's competitive job market, “physically attractive” people are more likely to be offered an interview and to land a job than those who have the same abilities but look ordinary.
Psychologists call this the “halo effect”, a type of cognitive bias （认知偏差） in which our good impression of a person in one area naturally leads to positive thoughts about this person in other areas.
There is also the effect that social media has on how people judge their appearance and understand real beauty. In the virtual world, “ideal” faces have big eyes, thin high noses and pointed chins. This easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty enough, or are even ugly, and that they should turn to “outside help” for complete makeover. However, plastic surgery is just a fashion trend, with different features going in and out of style.
As the old saying goes, inner beauty is more important than outer beauty. As long as you are a good person, your goodness will shine through. The evil Queen was beautiful on the outside, but inside, she was very ugly. The mirror did not lie.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过描述整形外科行业的快速发展，介绍了外表对人的影响，作者在文章最后告诉读者：不应过度关注外表，内在美才是真正的美，要做一个善良的人。
1.What does the underlined word “truth” in Paragraph 2 refer to ( )
A
A.They don't look attractive. B.Their looks have changed.
C.They have only inner beauty. D.They are fooled by the media.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的A recent study shows that nearly 60% of the college students surveyed were anxious about their appearance和would consider receiving plastic surgery to look more physically attractive可知，许多大学生们对自己的外表不满意，还有一些大学生考虑通过整形手术让自己看起来更有吸引力；因此画线词所在句应表示，在过去的十年里，越来越多人考虑通过整形手术来改变他们在镜子中的影像的“真相”。由此推知，画线词“truth”是指他们看起来并不那么具有吸引力这一事实。故选A项。
2.Which of the following is an example of the “halo effect” ( )
D
A.The Queen felt angry because she was not the fairest of all.
B.Mary is not confident because she doesn't have an “ideal” face.
C.Jack is considering plastic surgery because his friends have done so.
D.Amy looks pretty, so she is often thought to be kind and well-rounded.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，研究表明那些外表好看的人通常会被给予更多的机会。一个人在一个方面给人们留下良好的印象，那人们就会认为这个人在其他方面也很优秀，这叫作“光环效应”。由此推断，D项“艾米看起来很漂亮，所以人们经常认为她是一个善良且全面发展的人。”是“光环效应”的例子。故选D项。
3.What effect might social media have on people's judgment on looks ( )
A
A.They need to improve their looks. B.Beauty only lies in the virtual world.
C.Real beauty comes from confidence. D.Plastic surgery is just a fashion trend.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的In the virtual world, “ideal” faces have… easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty enough… 可知，社交媒体通过向人们呈现“理想的相貌”是什么样子来影响人们对外表的判断，让人们产生自己不够漂亮，甚至很丑的错误想法，即让他们认为需要改善自己的外表。故选A项。
4.What can we learn from the passage ( )
D
A.The best mirror is an old friend. B.All that glitter is not gold.
C.Fine feather makes fine birds. D.Never judge a book by its cover.
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了外表对人的影响；作者在最后一段指出，内在美比外在美更重要，只要你是一个善良的人，你的善良就会显现出来。由此可知，本文的主旨是“不要以貌取人”。故选D项。
[湖北省级示范高中（四校联考）2023期末] I was four months into my job at a university when we had a going-away party for Sara, who was moving to Philadelphia. When I got to work the next day, I was . .1. . to see Sara there.“Aren't you supposed to be in Philadelphia ” I asked. She . .2. . me and said, “I'm Helen.”
I then found out that I have a rare disease, face blindness usually caused by an olive-sized lump （肿块） in the brain. This . .3. . sent me to the doctor. I didn't think much about it, however. I'm a successful adult—who cares if my . .4. . isn't quite like everyone else's Then, I met Dr Smith, an expert in the field.“Your ability to learn new faces is among the worst,” he said.“As for cures, nothing so far has been very . .5. ..” After a sad goodbye, I fled in tears.
I was . .6. . until Dad gave me some important advice.“Everyone just wants to talk about themselves,” he said.“Just ask questions.” This . .7. . transformed my life. All it . .8. . was pretending that I knew the people who appeared to know me. When walking on campus, if someone looked my way, I . .9. ..If they smiled, I stopped to chat. Soon I became an expert at talking to . .10. ..
This year, I celebrated my birthday with over 60 friends, many of whom I wasn't able to . .11. ..I was fine with that.. .12. ., I can take courses to relieve my illness, but I'd rather spend that time on something I . .13. ., like looking at birds. I get such a . .14. . identifying them.
. .15. . my face blindness, I've learnt to see the world.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者患有面孔失认症，但爸爸的建议让作者受益匪浅，作者也因此学会了看世界。
1.( )A.excited B.frightened C.surprised D.frustrated
C
解析 根据上文内容可知，萨拉要搬去费城，再根据下文“Aren't you supposed to be in Philadelphia ”可知，作者认为萨拉应该在费城，所以现在看到她感到很惊讶，故选C项。excited意为“兴奋的”；frightened意为“害怕的”；surprised意为“惊讶的”；frustrated意为“懊恼的；沮丧的”。
2.( )A.laughed at B.shouted at C.waved at D.stared at
D
解析 根据下文她说自己是海伦可知，她说话时是盯着作者的，故选D项。laugh at意为“嘲笑”；shout at意为“对……大喊”；wave at意为“朝……挥手”；stare at意为“盯着……看”。
3.( )A.discovery B.accident C.disaster D.expectation
A
解析 根据上文I then found out that I have a rare disease可知，作者发现自己得了一种罕见病，此处指的就是这一发现，故选A项。discovery意为“发现”；accident意为“事故”；disaster意为“灾难”；expectation意为“期望”。
4.( )A.illness B.growth C.face D.brain
D
解析 根据上文face blindness usually caused by an olive-sized lump in the brain可知，面孔失认症是由大脑里一个橄榄大小的肿块引起的，作者患有面孔失认症，所以他的大脑与正常人不一样，故选D项。
5.( )A.popular B.promising C.cheap D.essential
B
解析 根据下文After a sad goodbye, I fled in tears.可知，医生说到目前为止还没有什么治疗方法有希望治愈这种病，所以作者很难过，故选B项。popular意为“广受欢迎的”；promising意为“有希望的；有前途的”；cheap意为“便宜的”；essential意为“必不可少的；非常重要的”。
6.( )A.indifferent B.impatient C.depressed D.annoyed
C
解析 上文说到目前为止还没有什么治疗方法有希望治愈这种病，所以作者感到很沮丧，故选C项。indifferent意为“漠不关心的”； impatient意为“不耐烦的”；depressed意为“沮丧的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”。
7.( )A.tip B.question C.explanation D.warning
A
解析 上文提到作者的爸爸给了作者一些重要的建议，此处用tip呼应上文的advice，故选A项。tip意为“建议”；explanation意为“解释”；warning意为“警告”。
8.( )A.took B.shifted C.exposed D.tackled
A
解析 根据下文pretending that I knew the people who appeared to know me可知，这是作者需要做的事情。故选A项。shift意为“移动”；expose意为“暴露”；tackle意为“解决；处理”。
9.( )A.hid B.smiled C.hesitated D.waited
B
解析 根据下文If they smiled可知，此处指如果有人看作者，作者就用微笑回应，故选B项。hide意为“藏”；hesitate意为“犹豫”。
10.( )A.strangers B.students C.colleagues D.patients
A
解析 根据上文When walking on campus, if someone looked my way可知，作者遇到的这些人都是没有和作者说过话的陌生人，故选A项。
11.( )A.invite B.trust C.greet D.recognize
D
解析 上文说作者有面孔失认症，所以认不出来很多人，故选D项。greet意为“问候”；recognize意为“认出”。
12.( )A.Eventually B.Fortunately C.Actually D.Hopefully
C
解析 下文说作者可以接受治疗来缓解面孔失认症，但作者宁愿把这些时间花在自己喜欢的事情上，此处用Actually引出解释的内容，故选C项。eventually意为“最终”；fortunately意为“幸运地”；actually意为“实际上”；hopefully意为“有希望地”。
13.( )A.remember B.ignore C.miss D.enjoy
D
解析 根据下文like looking at birds可知，下文列举的是作者喜欢做的事情，故选D项。remember意为“记得”；ignore意为“忽视”；miss意为“错过”；enjoy意为“喜欢；享受”。
14.( )A.chance B.thrill C.shock D.trouble
B
解析 根据上文可知，作者有面孔失认症，所以当识别出它们时肯定会很兴奋，故选B项。chance意为“机会”；thrill意为“激动；兴奋”；shock意为“震惊”；trouble意为“问题”。
15.( )A.For fear of B.Regardless of C.Thanks to D.According to
C
解析 根据下文I've learnt to see the world可知，由于面孔失认症，作者学会了看世界，故选C项。for fear of意为“生怕”；regardless of意为“不管”；thanks to意为“由于；幸亏”；according to意为“依照”。
04
单元限时小卷
[广东东莞五校2023高一期中联考] Rainforests provide much of the world's oxygen. People have been trying to protect them for years. But another type of forest, the cloud forest, is just as important to humans.
These forests are at the top of mountains, generally near the equator （赤道）.These wet, wooded mountaintops are mainly in Africa and Central and South America. They are called “cloud forests” because their height allows of the formation of clouds among the trees. The trees in these forests pull water from the clouds. The water gathers on the leaves and falls into small rivers below, which flow into towns at the bottom of the mountain. The yearly rainfall in these areas is about 180 centimetres. Cloud forests can pull in up to 60 percent of that. The water is important to the plants and the people in the area. It helps them survive.
Cloud forests are also home to countless species of plants that can't be found anywhere else. One small cloud forest has as many types of plants as there are in all of Europe. In fact, there are so many species that scientists haven't made a complete list of them yet.
建议用时：57分钟
These forests are being destroyed at an increasing speed. Trees are being cut down, and roads are being built in their place. Some people have a goal to get government money to protect the forests. But they have had little success so far. Another way is to take the place of the destroyed plants with new ones. That, too, has been difficult because the plants are so special. There's plenty of work to be done, but saving the cloud forests is still possible with creative solutions.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对人类重要的一种森林——云雾林。
1.Where can we probably find cloud forests ( )
C
A.In North America. B.In a place far from the equator.
C.In some African countries. D.At the foot of mountains.
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的These forests are at the top of mountains, generally near the equator.These wet, wooded mountaintops are mainly in Africa and Central and South America.可知，云雾林通常在靠近赤道的位置，主要分布在非洲、中美洲和南美洲。故选C项。
2.How much rainfall is pulled in by the cloud forests in those areas every year ( )
B
A.About 60 cm. B.About 108 cm. C.About 180 cm. D.About 300 cm.
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的The yearly rainfall in these areas is about 180 centimetres.Cloud forests can pull in up to 60 percent of that.可知，每年云雾林可以吸收的降雨量为180厘米的60%，也就是108厘米。故选B项。
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3 ( )
D
A.Europe owns plentiful plant species. B.Scientists are working on a list.
C.Cloud forests are getting smaller. D.Cloud forests house many plants.
解析 主旨大意题。由第三段中的Cloud forests are also home to countless species of plants that can't be found anywhere else.可知，本段主要介绍云雾林中的植物种类繁多。故选D项。
4.Where can we probably find the text ( )
D
A.In a storybook. B.In a travel guidebook.
C.In a chemistry textbook. D.In a geography magazine.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章主要内容，结合第一段中的But another type of forest, the cloud forest, is just as important to humans.可知，本篇文章主要围绕着云雾林展开，介绍了云雾林的地理位置和重要作用并说明了要采取措施保护云雾林。由此推知，本文很有可能出现在一本地理杂志中。故选D项。
[湖南长沙长郡中学2023高一段测] You've finally climbed the ladder and earned your first management role. Now what Welcome to a new world with a new set of challenges. Chances are you were a top individual performer and that's why you were promoted to a management position. Ironically （讽刺地）, those skills aren't going to be of much use to you now.1. ..
It's all about your team.
Welcome to a world where your success is no longer dependent on your individual performance.2. ..You probably didn't worry too much if a colleague was struggling. Sure, you helped them out where you could but ultimately you had your own work to focus on. Now that struggler is pulling down your team's performance. Moving them up the performance curve is a key priority.
B
E
Communication is key.
Your team members aren't mind readers or robots. As a leader, you need to communicate with your team clearly and effectively.3. ..If your team doesn't know what you want from them, how can you expect them to deliver （履行职责） Learn to make the goal clear. This is more difficult than it sounds. You aren't leading a team of robots.4. ..A few well-placed words of encouragement or a well-timed check can make a huge difference to an employee having a tough time. Similarly, a small piece of public praise for a high-performing employee can remind the rest of the team that you do notice when they work hard and perform well.
Leadership isn't something you've mastered.5. .—that's the joy and frustration of leadership.
C
A
G
A.Your behaviour will have a big impact on employees' motivation
B.Let's take a quick look at a couple of the most important skills
C.Setting clear goals and expectations is a key part of leadership
D.Showing genuine relationships will ultimately lead to complete success
E.You will