牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance单元习题课件(共109张PPT)

(共109张PPT)
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
必修
第三册
Period Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
01
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
survivors
句意为：幸运的是，这次矿难的幸存者被及时送往最近的医院。设空处前有定冠词the，后有介词of，应填名词。根据语境可知，此处指“幸存者”，所以应填survivor；根据后面的were可知，此处应用其复数形式。
variety
句意为：为了吸引顾客，这家咖啡馆提供各种各样的三明治。设空处前有不定冠词a和形容词wide修饰，应填名词； a variety of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。
解析
解析
2．The café offers a wide ________ (vary) of sandwiches in order to attract customers.
1．Fortunately, the ________ (survive) of the mine accident were sent to the nearest hospital in time.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：这些动物正在以如此快的速度被猎杀，以至于它们很快就会消失。此处作从句的谓语，应用动词，根据句意可知，此处表示“消失”，应用disappear。其前有情态动词will，应用动词原形，故填disappear。
句意为：有许多可以提高世界较贫困地区农业效能的方法。agriculture意为“农业”，此处需要用形容词修饰空后的名词efficiency(效率；效能)，故填agricultural。
disappear
agricultural　
解析
解析
4．There are many ways to increase _________ (agriculture) efficiency in the poorer areas of the world.
3．These animals are being hunted at such a fast speed that they will ________ (appear) soon.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：这些长度不到2.5微米的小颗粒可以深入到人体肺部。此处表示“长度为……”，应用in length。故填in。
解析
句意为：这两名动物园管理员不愿意看到这种珍贵物种的灭绝。此处作see的宾语，应用名词，故填extinction。
解析
in
extinction
5．The two zookeepers didn’t want to see the ________ (extinct) of this precious species.
6．These small particles, less than 2.5 micrometres ________ length, can go deep into the lungs.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：由于天气恶劣，滨海道路关闭了。due to为固定搭配，意为“由于，因为”。
解析
句意为：很明显，洪水灾害对人们的生活产生了巨大的影响。have an impact on/upon… 为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。故填on/upon。
解析
to
on/upon
8．The coast road is closed due ________ bad weather.
7．It is obvious that the flood disaster has had a powerful impact ________ people’s life.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
解析
句意为：这是因为汽车造成空气污染，这种污染损害人类健康，破坏环境。此处考查非限制性定语从句，设空处引导从句且在从句中作主语，指代air pollution，应填关系代词which。
解析
damaging
which
9．That is because cars produce air pollution, ________ damages human health and the environment.
10．Emissions of various vehicles pose a great threat to the environment, thus ________ (damage) people’s health.
句意为：各种车辆的排放物对环境造成了巨大的威胁，因此危害了人们的健康。thus为副词，设空处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填damaging。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
is home to
play a significant role /play an important role
2．食物能在家庭庆祝活动或文化传统中发挥重要作用。(role)
Food can ________ ________ ________ ________ in family celebrations or culture’s traditions.
1．他们的土地是大约15万头大象的家园，这些大象占非洲大象总数的四分之一以上。
Their land ________ ________ ________ about 150,000 elephants, which account for a quarter of the total number of elephants in Africa.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
which in turn
breathed new life into
/breathes /energy
4．他的热情给公司注入了新的活力。(breathe)
His enthusiasm ________ ________ ________ ________ the company.
3．第一届奥运会期间，很多运动员滥用药物，这转而造成了严重的健康问题。(turn)
In the first Olympic Games many athletes abused drugs, ________ ________ ________ caused serious health problems.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
cannot afford to
/can’t
5．政府不可不关注舆论。(afford)
The government ________ _______ ________ be indifferent to public opinion.
体裁：说明文　 题材：环境与自然
The Amazon rainforest territory is a tropical rainforest that is located 1________ the South American continent. As the largest rainforest, it is 2________ (extreme) important in keeping the Earth’s ecosystem in a 3________(balance) state. The rainforest, 4________ name comes from the Amazon River, covers an area of around 6 million square kilometres.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2．extremely　此处修饰空后的important，应用副词，故填extremely。
3．balanced　此处需要形容词，修饰空后的state，表示“平衡的状态”。故填balanced。
1．on　表示“坐落于”的短语为“be located＋介词”，此处空后的核心名词是continent，应搭配介词on。　
答案及解析
4．whose　设空处引导非限制性定语从句，根据语境可知，设空处与name构成所属关系，故此处
需要填whose。
Of the 390,000 species of plants known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon and more than 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life. Unfortunately, many precious animals 5________(find) in the Amazon rainforest are close to extinction. The Amazon rainforest 6________(breathe) life into the planet by fixing carbon and 7________(make) over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
6．breathes　设空处为句子的谓语动词，主语The Amazon rainforest为第三人称单数形式，且此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填breathes。
7．making　此处需要填入动名词making，作介词by的宾语，与fixing并列。
5．found　句中已有谓语动词are，此处应用非谓语动词形式。animals和find之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此此处需要用过去分词作后置定语。
答案及解析
8________， there is one major danger to the irreplaceable plants and animals in the rainforest: us. People have settled there for different 9________ (reason), but are always looking for opportunities in this unexplored land. Amazonia is a huge and very complex place where nature created 10________ unique set of biological and geological cycles, hardly seen in other places, and where mankind developed different cultures, languages and art. We cannot afford to damage it!
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
9．reasons　reason意为“原因”，为可数名词，被different修饰时应用复数形式。
10．a　此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8．However　根据语境可知，上文与本句之间构成转折关系，且设空处位于句首作状语，故填However。
答案及解析
体裁：说明文　 题材：人与动物
[湖北部分高中联考协作体2022高一期中]The giant panda, also known as panda bear or simply panda, is native 1_______ south central China. In the past many years, the giant panda 2________ (drive) out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other human 3________ (activity)．
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．to　be native to… 是固定搭配，意为“原产于……，产自……”。故填to。
2．has been driven　由In the past many years可知，此处要用现在完成时；主语the giant panda和drive之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has been driven。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去的许多年里，由于耕作、砍伐森林和其他人类活动，大熊猫已经被赶出了它们曾经生活的低地地区。为此人们发起项目，建立保护区来保护大熊猫，让它们回归自然。
答案及解析
3．activities　此处应用名词和上文farming, deforestation并列，作介词of的宾语。activity意为“(为兴趣、娱乐或达到一
定目的而进行的)活动”时为可数名词，常用复数形式。
故填activities。
Wild population estimates vary: One estimate showed that there were about 1,590 individuals 4________ (live) in the wild, while another study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that 5________ number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.
The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11, 1869, 6________ the French missionary Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
4．living　设空处在此作后置定语，应用非谓语动词，与所修饰词individuals之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填living。
5．the　根据语境可知，此处表示“……的数量”，应用固定短语the number of。故填the。
答案及解析
6．when　设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为March 11, 1869，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，因此用关系副词when。故填when。
In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. 7________ (protect) the pandas, in 2012, Earthwatch Institute, a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important 8________ (science) research, launched a program called “On the Trail of Giant Panda”．This program, 9________ (base) in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity, and help them 10________ (gradual) adapt to life in the wild.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．To protect　根据语境可知，此处表示“为了”，作目的状语，所以应用动词不定式。故填To protect。
8．scientific　修饰名词research应用形容词，scientific意为“科学的”，符合语境。故填scientific。
答案及解析
9．based　设空处在此作后置定语，应用非谓语动词，与所修饰词This program之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填based。
10．gradually　此处修饰动词短语adapt to，应用副词作状语。故填gradually。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然
[广东惠州2022高一期末]Recently, a design student has developed an auto mini robot—A’seedbot that can search through vast deserts, sowing seeds when it finds a suitable area to plant a tree.
The A’seedbot, created by Mazyar Etehadi from the Dubai Institute of Design and Innovation, could be a new and creative way to transform deserts into greenery. “Planting trees in the desert area can keep the sand and protect the environment,” said Etehadi. It was launched at the Global Grad Show (GGS), an event that has designers come together to showcase innovations that could solve today’s environmental issues.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
In an area where high temperatures are threatening life, the importance of growing plants is crucial. Just eight inches long, the tiny robot is equipped with its own solar panels (太阳能板), allowing it to charge during the day and continue working through the night. It can operate all on its own, using its 3D printed legs to search for viable spots to plant a seed. In doing so, designers seek to understand how roots work and also to design sensors that might monitor soil pollution, prospect for minerals and look for water.
The robot has a distance sensor that it uses to send reports back to its controller. The only time humans need to step in is to refill the robot with more seeds. “I think it was an easy solution to come up with, but no one had made it, and here comes my idea! It means a lot to the people who have been fighting against the deserts for generations,” said Etehadi. Going forward, he hopes his idea can be adopted by the government, the farming industry, and private individuals as a more efficient way to grow plants.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款迷你机器人——A’seedbot，它可以在广阔的沙漠中搜索适合种树的地方并自动播种，以此来保护环境。
1．C　细节理解题。由第二段中的The A’seedbot, created by Mazyar Etehadi from the Dubai Institute of Design and Innovation, could be a new and creative way to transform deserts into greenery.可知，埃特哈迪开发A’seedbot是为了让沙漠拥有绿色植物，使其变成绿洲。故选C项。
2．A　细节理解题。由第三段中的Just eight inches long, the tiny robot is equipped with its own solar panels, allowing it to charge during the day and continue working through the night.可知，A’seedbot可以24小时工作。故选A项。
答案及解析
1．Why did Etehadi develop the A’seedbot
A．To lower the temperature.
B．To protect the trees.
C．To turn deserts into greenery.
D．To win the prize in the GGS.
2．What can we know about the A’seedbot
A．It can work around the clock.
B．It is powered by electricity.
C．It monitors minerals and water.
D．It can refill itself with seeds.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．D　词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，A’seedbot可以在广阔的沙漠中搜索适合种树的地方并自动播种，由此推知，此处是说A’seedbot可以自动运转，在沙漠中找到合适的地方播种种子，viable在此处与suitable意思相近。故选D项。
答案及解析
4．B　主旨大意题。第一段提出主题，点明本文主要介绍的对象——A’seedbot；下文具体介绍A’seedbot的运作原理、设计理念及前景等，由此可知，本文主要介绍A’seedbot可以在沙漠中找到合适的地方播种树木种子，以此保护环境。B项“一个播种机器人”符合文意。故选B项。
3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 3
A．Distant. B．Empty. C．Dry. D．Suitable.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．A project for creation.
B．A robot for sowing seeds.
C．A student gifted in design.
D．A proposal for environmental protection.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：科学技术
[福建福清高中联合体2021高一联考]When scientists go to a forest to study monkeys and their habits and behaviour, how do they identify the monkeys
In the past, scientists had to make marks on each of the animals to tell them apart. But in the future, they may have a much easier way to tell them apart, thanks to facial recognition technology.
A research team from China’s Northwest University is using facial recognition technology to identify thousands of snub nosed monkeys that live in Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province.
Similar to human facial recognition, the technology that is used to identify monkeys uses their facial features to create a database that includes every monkey, Xinhua reported.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
“When the system is fully developed, we can connect it with cameras set up in the mountains. The system will automatically recognize the monkeys, name them and analyse their behaviour，” said Zhang He, a member of the research team.
“For each snub nosed monkey, we have 700 to 800 image samples, and the recognition success rate is 94 per cent，” Zhang added.
“We used mobile phones and portable cameras with the monkeys in tests at distances ranging from about 3 to 10 metres，” said He Gang, also a member of the research team. “With the help of the devices, we don’ t need to disturb the monkeys while studying them.”
Compared to human facial recognition technology, facial recognition technology for monkeys is more difficult because of their hairier faces. The colour of their hair causes them to blend (融入) into the environment. These factors make it harder for computers to identify them.
Currently, there are about 4,000 snub nosed monkeys living in Qinling Mountains. The team’s goal
is to successfully identify every monkey that lives there.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What problem did scientists face in the past while studying monkeys
A．How to mark them.
B．How to tell them apart.
C．How to understand their behaviour.
D．How to observe them clearly.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种鉴别猴子的新技术。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In the past, scientists had to make marks on each of the animals to tell them apart.可知，过去，科学家在研究猴子时遇到的问题是如何区分它们。故选B项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
2．What do we know about facial recognition technology for monkeys
A．It is now widely used in China.
B．It works better than human facial recognition.
C．It will use monkeys’ behaviour to create a database.
D．It can help scientists study monkeys without disturbing them.
2．D　细节理解题。根据第七段中的With the help of the devices, we don’t need to disturb the monkeys while studying them.可知，用于辨认猴子的面部识别技术可以帮助科学家在不干扰猴子的情况下研究它们。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What do the underlined words “These factors” in Paragraph 8 refer to
a．Image samples. b．Hairy faces.
c．Hair colour. d．The environment.
A．ab. B．ac. C．bc. D．bd.
4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article
A．To introduce a new technology to identify monkeys.
B．To show the importance of studying monkeys.
C．To compare different ways to identify monkeys.
D．To explain difficulties in developing a new system.
3．C　词义猜测题。根据第八段中的… facial recognition technology for monkeys is more difficult because of their hairier faces. The colour of their hair causes them to blend into the environment.可知，These factors指代猴子多毛的脸和它们毛发的颜色。故选C项。
4．A　推理判断题。根据第三段A research team from China’s Northwest University is using facial recognition technology to identify thousands of snub nosed monkeys that live in Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province.和最后一段中的The team’s goal is to successfully identify every monkey that lives there.可知，
这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种鉴别猴子
的新技术。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
体裁：议论文 题材：人与自然
Urban Wildlife
Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wilderness, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours.
Cities are built for humans. __1__ For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
__2__ When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. __3__ Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. __4__
If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbours to the wildlife around us. __5__ Our own
future will be in danger too.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
A．They are built to protect birds.
B．Our actions sometimes help other species.
C．If we do not, more species will become extinct.
D．They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.
E．Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.
F．At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.
G．They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于人类城市与野生动物关系的思考。
1．D　根据空前的Cities are built for humans.与空后的we destroy natural habitats可知，城市往往不能为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。故选D项。
2．B　根据空后的When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.可知，桥梁的修缮为蝙蝠提供了家园，这说明我们人类的行为有时也能帮助到其他物种。故选B项。
3．F　根据空后的Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours.可知，此处填入的句子与空后句子存在对比。come to value表示“逐渐开始珍惜”，这说明人们之前对蝙蝠是不同的感受。F项“起初，人们害
怕这些蝙蝠，努力想要赶走它们”符合语境。故选F项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
4．E　根据上文The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife.以及the park is the opposite of a zoo可知，这个公园使用了当地的植物，为野生动物创造了开放的自然空间，与动物园不同。由此可推知，野生动物们在这里不用被关在笼子里，可以自由移动，E项符合语境。wildlife为关键词，故选E项。
5．C　根据空后的Our own future will be in danger too.可知，如果我们没有和野生动物分享我们的空间，动物们会面临灭绝的危险，C项符合语境。下文中的too为关键词。
答案及解析
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
02
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
句意为：然而，技术也是运用科学知识来解决问题。此处前有定冠词，后有介词of，应填名词，apply的名词形式为application，表示“应用，运用”。
句意为：大家对我们的出现的反应让我非常惊讶。此处需要副词，修饰空后的形容词，表示“非常；完全地”，故填absolutely。
application
absolutely
解析
解析
2．I was ________ (absolute) astonished by the reaction to our appearance.
1．However, technology is also the ________ (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem.
3．There is no doubt that ________ (globe) warming has a bad impact on us.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
毫无疑问，全球变暖对我们有不好的影响。此处作定语修饰名词warming，应用形容词。global warming意为“全球变暖”。
4．They lived in poverty and needed a system to keep track ________ all their expenses.
句意为：他们生活贫困，需要一个系统来记录他们所有的开支。keep track of为固定搭配，意为“记录”。故填of。
global
of　　
解析
解析
5．She came up ________ a new idea for increasing sales.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
with
句意为：她想出了一个增加销售量的新主意。此处考查固定短语come up with，意为“想出”。
6．The spicy flavours in these dishes call ________ reds rather than whites.
for　
句意为：这些菜肴味道辛辣，宜配红葡萄酒而不是白葡萄酒。此处考查短语call for，意为“需要；要求”。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Say the word “Australia” and a vision of beaches and blue seas immediately springs ________ mind.
句意为：说到“澳大利亚”这个词，海滩和蓝色大海的景象立刻浮现在脑海中。spring to mind为固定搭配，意为“突然出现在脑海中”。故填to。
to
8．As the level of power increases in a position, so________ (do) the stress.
does
句意为：在一个职位上，随着权力的增加，压力也会增大。此处考查so引起的倒装，表达“某事物也一样”，具体结构为“so＋助动词＋主语”。根据前句的increases可知，此处应用一般现在时。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to be found　
introduced
句意为：我把手提包放在车里了，但在哪儿也找不到它。此处应填不定式，find和it之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故填不定式的被动形式to be found。
句意为：在首次被引入市场后，他们公司的这些新产品获得了巨大的成功。When后面的从句没有主语，且主句已有谓语动词enjoyed，由此可知设空处应填非谓语形式。introduce与逻辑主语new products为被动关系，故填过去分词introduced。When first introduced to the market补充完整为When they were first introduced to the market。
解析
解析
10．When first ________ (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed great success.
9．I put my handbag in the car, but it was nowhere ________ (find)．
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了工业和农业的快速发展造成的环境污染以及人们正在采取措施保护环境。
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护
[河南洛阳创新发展联盟2022高一月考]The population of the earth is increasing very fast. Humans must make the earth support the increasing population. This has made it necessary for agriculture and industry 1________ (develop) rapidly.
Such a rapid development produces more and more waste, 2________ goes into water, soil or air. When there 3________ (be) too much waste, it will do great harm to the environment and people.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．to develop　make it necessary to do sth意为“使做某事有必要”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式(短语)，故填to develop。
2．which　句意为：如此迅速的发展产生越来越多的废弃物，这些废弃物进入水、土壤或空气中。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为waste，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
答案及解析
3．is　when引导时间状语从句时，如果主句使用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。根据主句中的will do可知，设空处应用一般现在时，too much waste为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填is。
When farmers add fertilizer (肥料) 4________ the soil to make plants grow better, or use pesticide (杀虫剂) to kill pests, they will go into the soil or the surrounding air. Even 5________ (bad), they may go into the grain (谷物)．When 6________ (bird), fish or people eat the grain, drink the water or breathe the air, harm will be done to their health.
The air in some cities 7________ (pollute) because of the pollution from the cars and factories. Millions of tons of poisonous gases are sent into the air with smoke. In some places, little is done to make the smoke clean 8________ it goes into the air.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
5．worse　根据空前的Even可知，设空处应用bad的比较级形式，even worse意为“更糟的是”，故填worse。
6．birds　bird是可数名词，且空前无限定词修饰，应用复数形式，表泛指，故填birds。
答案及解析
7．is polluted　此处介绍一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语中心词air与pollute之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填is polluted。
4．to　add A to B意为“将A 加入B中”，为固定搭配，故填to。
8．before　根据前文中的Millions of tons of poisonous gases are sent into the air with smoke.及常识可知，应先净化烟雾再将之排入空气之中，故此处表示“在烟雾排入空气之前”，故填before。
9________ (fortunate), people are beginning to realize just how serious the whole situation is. In many countries, laws have been made to prevent factories 10________ (send) out poisonous gases. More and more people are taking action to protect the environment.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
10．sending　prevent sb/sth (from) doing sth意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”，此处应用动名词，故填sending。
9．Fortunately　设空处修饰整个句子应用副词，作状语，根据后文内容可知，此处表示“幸运的是”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Fortunately。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：议论文 题材：环境与自然
As the school year barely starts in Denver, French teacher Melanie is filled with worry that her students are always absent minded. Yet, the problem isn't messaging, enjoying video games or delivering notes.Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.
“Today was a little bit hot, so I noticed that kids were very sleepy and they had to get up to drink water quite often,” said Melanie, who works at Denver’s East High School. “If you lose too much water, you have to keep going to the water fountain, which can take away from their classroom experiences.” While nodding off in class on a warm day may seem acceptable for average teens, Melanie’s observation carries a bigger consequence than dry lips.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
“There have been quite a few media reports about teachers noticing that students weren’t able to focus on hotter days，” said R Jisung Park, a researcher. “Does a hotter climate during the school year actually affect the rate of learning？” The drop in academic achievements couldn't be explained by hotter weekends or hotter summers, but the trend was connected to higher temperatures on school days alone.
The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives—and it’s an alarm bell for what we stand to lose in the future. Humans still have time to lessen the negative consequences of continued global warming. Without any important changes in the next 10 years, the globe will be trapped in an unavoidable era of heat waves that were unprecedented for human beings.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What may cause students to be absent minded according to the text
A．Video games. B．Text messages.
C．Heat waves. D．Classroom notes.
2．What can be inferred from the second paragraph
A．Kids often go to the water fountain for lack of water.
B．Extreme heat may lower a kid's ability to learn.
C．Nodding off in class is a sign of respecting teachers.
D．Kids are more interested in drinking water than sleeping.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了炎热的天气对学生在校期间的学习产生了负面影响，文章结尾作者呼吁人们重视气候变暖的问题。
1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Surprisingly, the problem is about the ongoing heat wave in Denver.可知，导致学生心不在焉的是炎热的天气。故选C项。
2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，天气热的时候学生们在上课期间会昏昏欲睡并增加起身去喝水的次数，由which can take away from their classroom experiences可知，这会影响他们对课堂的投入程度。由此可推断高温会降低学生的学习能力。故选B项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．How does the author feel about dealing with the future global warming
A．Optimistic. B．Uncertain.
C．Worried. D．Indifferent.
4．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The way that global warming continues.
B．The reasons why kids are absent minded in class.
C．The hotter it grows, the more focused kids will become.
D．The hotter it grows, the harder it will be for kids to learn.
3．C　推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为人们依然有时间去降低持续的全球变暖带来的恶果，但如果未来十年内没有重大的改变，整个地球将会无可避免地陷入“热浪时代”。由此可知，作者对未来人们如何应对全球变暖这一问题是持担忧态度的。故选C项。
4．D　主旨大意题。文章以丹佛为例，阐述了高温天气使得学生的学习精力被分散，学习能力下降的事实。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives—and it’s an alarm bell for what we stand to lose in the future.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为and连接的两个并列句The connection is one more example和it’s an alarm bell；between lost learning and a greater number of hot days为介词短语作The connection的后置定语；of how climate change is already affecting our lives作名词example的后置定语，其中how引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语；for what we stand to lose in the future为alarm bell的后置定语，其中what we stand to lose in the future为what引导的宾语从句，作介词for的宾语。
句意：错失的学习时间和越来越多的炎热天气之间的联系是气候变化已经如何影响到我们生活的又一个例子，这也为我们今后可能会失去的东西敲响了警钟。
长难句分析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：记叙文 题材：人与自然
[湖南岳阳2022高一期末]Having worked with ACE (African Conservation Experience) before, I knew that I had their complete support throughout my trip.
At the airport I was introduced to other volunteers who would be travelling to Care for Wild Rhino Sanctuary with me. Upon arrival at the local town of Care for Wild, Nelspruit, we were met by a worker and we quickly got a sense of the importance of the project we were attending.
My first proper day at the project was just a wow. To feed a rhino baby. To approach them with their cute mouths open wide in preparation for their milk. The heartwarming moment was bittersweet though, as I remembered the reason these sweet babies were here: Their mothers were killed. Hearing the stories that resulted in each beautiful baby arriving at the project was heartbreaking. I put all my heart into the work at this project.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
Every day at the project was full of hard work. If you think it’s all about getting to cuddle (搂抱) and play with a baby rhino, that thought is wide of the mark as it’s not the purpose of this project. Preparing milk feeds. Bush walks. Night rides. The anti poaching (反盗猎) dog unit training and the mounted unit checkups. But all the hard work was so worth it to see the babies running around or rolling in the mud.
If you are considering volunteering at Care for Wild, do it. Yes, it is hard work. Yes, you will be tired. But trust me when I say it is all so worth it. I have left with a great amount of love for this animal and I will continue to be a supporter of their care and protection. I hope that one day, rhinos will be able to live in the wild freely. Until then, it is up to us to continue to work hard towards it. What are you waiting for
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Why did the author go to Nelspruit
A．To have an adventure.
B．To get to know ACE further.
C．To do research on wild animals.
D．To help with wildlife protection.
2．How did the author feel during her first day at Care for Wild
A．Amazed but sad.
B．Bored and lonely.
C．Nervous but lucky.
D．Proud and relaxed.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在内尔斯普雷特野生犀牛保护组织做志愿者时的工作内容和感受，并呼吁读者积极参与保护野生动物的志愿活动。
1．D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，作者和其他志愿者去往内尔斯普雷特参加野生犀牛保护项目；再根据后文的具体叙述，尤其是最后一段中的I will continue to be a supporter of their care and protection可知，帮助保护野生动物是作者去内尔斯普雷特的目的。故选D项。
2．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的My first proper day at the project was just a wow… The heartwarming moment was bittersweet though, as I remembered the reason these sweet babies were here: Their mothers were killed.可推断，
作者参加野生动物保护项目的第一天是既兴奋惊
讶又悲伤难过的。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What does the underlined part “wide of the mark” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Creative. B．Comforting.
C．Wrong. D．Unproven.
4．What does the author want to do in the last paragraph
A．Describe life at Care for Wild.
B．Call for people to stop poaching.
C．Give an introduction to Care for Wild.
D．Advise readers to volunteer at Care for Wild.
3．C　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句If you think it’s all about getting to cuddle and play with a baby rhino, that thought is wide of the mark as it’s not the purpose of this project.可知，抱小犀牛、和小犀牛玩耍不是这个项目的目的，你要是那么想，那你的想法就是错的，画线部分为“错误的”之意。故选C项。
4．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句If you are considering volunteering at Care for Wild, do it.以及最后一句What are you waiting for？可知，作者在最后一段建议读者到野生动物保护组织当志愿者。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
Upon arrival at the local town of Care for Wild, Nelspruit, we were met by a worker and we quickly got a sense of the importance of the project we were attending.
句式分析：本句主干为and连接的并列句we were met by… and we quickly got…；Upon arrival at the local town of Care for Wild, Nelspruit为时间状语；we were attending是省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词project。“upon＋名词/doing sth”意为“一……就”。
句意：我们一到达当地“关爱野生动物”组织所在的小镇内尔斯普雷特，就有一位工作人员迎接了我们，而后我们很快意识到我们参加的这个项目的重要性。
长难句分析
体裁：记叙文 题材：环境与自然
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan, a __1__ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew __2__ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since—__3__ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my __4__.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of __5__, like beer cans, empty boxes, around the area. It’s beyond me why visitors started respecting the place __6__ and treated such a beautiful home like place this way.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
1．A. distant B．huge
C．narrow D．loose
2．A. immediately B．finally
C．gradually D．recently
3．A. imagining B．painting
C．describing D．climbing
4．A. garden B．home
C．lab D．palace
5．A. material B．resources
C．waste D．goods
6．A. more B．most
C．less D．least
I tried __7__ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would __8__ an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change.
In 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a __9__. On that day, more than 300 people __10__. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to __11__. I couldn’t believe the __12__ we made—the park looked clean!
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
7．A. throwing away B．picking up
C. breaking down D．digging out
8．A. kill B．save
C．wait D．spend
9．A. cleanup B．party
C．picnic D．concert
10．A. dropped out B．showed up
C．looked around D．called back
11．A. demand B．receive
C．achieve D．overcome
12．A. plan B．visit
C．contact D．difference
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash.
I often hear people __13__ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by __14__ rather than complaining. We need to teach by __15__.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
13．A. talk B．complain
C．argue D．quarrel
14．A. doing B．thinking
C．questioning D．watching
15．A. method B．explanation
C．example D．research
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者第一次在约塞米蒂国家公园游玩的时候就爱上了这个公园。后来当作者发现公园里有许多垃圾，并发现依靠自己的力量难以改变这种现状时，作者便组织了一些志愿者进行垃圾清理活动。他们的行动产生了显著的效果。
1．B　根据空后的of 3,300 feet straight up以及下一句中的giant rock可知，它是一块巨大的(huge)岩石。故选B项。
2．A　根据空后的I wanted to climb it和That has been my life’s passion 可知，作者很喜欢这块石头，站在巨大的岩石面前便立刻想攀登上去。故选A项。
3．D　根据上文语境可知，攀登这块岩石成了作者热爱的事。climb意为“攀登”，符合语境。故选D项。
4．B　根据第二段中的such a beautiful home like place可知，那时作者就把约塞米蒂国家公园当作像家一样的地方了。故选B项。
5．C　根据空后的like beer cans, empty boxes和下文中的I tried ________ trash myself可知，此处指的是垃圾。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．C　上文提到游客在如此美丽的地方丢弃大量的垃圾，也就是说游客们开始不尊重这个像家一样美丽的地方。故选C项。
7．B　根据空后的trash myself可知，此处指作者尽力自己去捡拾垃圾。第五段的picked up也是提示。throw away意为“扔掉”；pick up意为“捡起”；break down意为“出故障”；dig out意为“挖出”。故选B项。
8．D　根据上文的but the job was too big可知，此处指捡垃圾的工作量很大，作者在清理垃圾时往往要花费一两个小时。故选D项。
9．A　根据下文Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.可知，此处应指作者发起了一个垃圾清理活动。cleanup意为“清扫，清理”。故选A项。
10．B　根据语境可知，那天有三百多人来参加垃圾清理活动。drop out意为“退出”；show up意为“露面；出现”；look around意为“四下看”；call back意为“回电话”。故选B项。
11．C　根据上文的It was amazing及下文的I couldn’t believe the ________ we made—the park looked clean！可知，此处是说作者对自己和志愿者们取得的成就感到惊奇。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
12．D　根据语境可知，作者与志愿者们付出了努力，他们的努力对公园的面貌产生了积极影响。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。故选D项。
13．B　根据下文的rather than complaining可知，作者经常听见人们抱怨(complain)他们周围的环境。故选B项。
14．A　根据上文的I would say the only way to change things可知，作者指出要改变不满意的地方，应该通过行动(doing)而不是通过抱怨。故选A项。
15．C　根据语境可知，此处是说保护环境需要我们以身作则。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later.
句式分析：only to find… 是不定式短语作结果状语，表示意料外的结果；trashed all over again weeks later是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。
句意：我会花一两个小时来清理垃圾，却发现这片区域在几周后又堆满了垃圾。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
长难句分析
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
03
1．The ending of the book was ________ (entire) predictable.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
entirely　
句意为：那本书的结局完全是可以预见的。此处需要副词，修饰空后的predictable，故填entirely。
2．It is reported that a 3% ________ (economy) growth is the government’s aim.
economic　
句意为：据报道，3%的经济增长是政府的目标。修饰名词growth应用形容词，此处表示“经济(上)的”。故填economic。
解析
解析
3．Diana’s business was so successful that she was able to set up ________ (branch) elsewhere.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：黛安娜的生意如此成功，以至于她可以在其他地方设立分公司。branch是可数名词，意为“分行；分公司”，空前无限定词，此处指“很多分公司”，所以用复数形式。故填branches。
4．A third of the population is living at or below the________ (poor) line.
句意为：三分之一的人口生活在贫困线或贫困线以下。名词短语the poverty line意为“贫困线”，故填poverty。
branches
poverty
解析
解析
5．If she had been aware that the mushrooms were__________ (poison), she would not have picked them for dinner.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
poisonous
句意为：要是她之前意识到了蘑菇是有毒的，那么她就不会把它们摘下来当晚餐了。此处应用形容词，表示“有毒的”，与空前的be 动词构成系表结构，故填poisonous。
6．There are energy savings to be made from all__________ (recycle) materials, sometimes huge savings.
recyclable
句意为：所有可回收的材料都可以节省能源，有时被节省下来的能源量是巨大的。此处需要形容词，修饰空句意为：要是她之前意识到了蘑菇是有毒的，那么她就不会把它们摘下来当晚餐了。此处应用形容词，表示“有毒的”，与空前的be 动词构成系表结构，故填poisonous。后的materials，表示“可回收的材料”，故填形容词recyclable。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．The title will be________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
句意为：这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上被正式授予我。此处需要填入副词，修饰句子的谓语部分will be given to，故填officially，表示“官方地；正式地”。
officially
8．Legal advice should be sought before you take any________ (far) measure.
further
句意为：在你采取任何进一步的措施之前，建议你进行法律咨询。根据语境可知，设空处表示“更进一步的”，应填far的比较级further。
解析
解析
9．As________ consequence, certain principles about space are prior to experience.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
a
10．The project has a bright prospect and investors aren’t concerned ________ short term profits over the next few years.
about/for　
句意为：因此，关于空间的某些原理是先于经验而存在的。此处考查短语as a consequence，意为“因此”，故填不定冠词a。
句意为：这个项目前景光明，投资者不担心今后几年里的短期收益。此处考查短语be concerned about/for，意为“对……担心/担忧”，故填介词about/for。
解析
解析
They were all brave enough to take up arms ________ ________ ________ their country.
1．工人们赶走了工作不符合要求的人。(rid)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
2．他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。(defence)
The workers ________ ________ ________ those whose work is not up to the mark.
in defence of
get rid of
3．他仅仅是想引起人们对失业者困境的关注。(attention)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
He just wants to ________ ________ ________ the plight of the unemployed.
draw attention to
4．因为城市的空气质量持续引起关注，居民被鼓励燃放更少的烟花。(give短语)
As the air quality of the city continues to ________ ________ ________ ________， the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.
give rise to concerns
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
5．上周六，成千上万的人挤在狭窄的街道上，抗议这条禁令。(protest)
Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets last Saturday________ ________ ________ the ban.
to protest against
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：科普知识
[湖南湘潭市一中2021高一期中]Kiwis are unique in a lot of interesting ways. They have many characteristics that are not found in any other bird.
It is assumed that the kiwi’s ancestor was able to fly and reached New Zealand. Once on the island, it lost its ability to fly and eventually became the kiwi known today. Kiwis have feathers that look like hair and very strong and muscular legs. They rule the ground instead of the air. They can smell very well. Kiwis are quite shy and usually only come out at night. Kiwis can live a long time, between 25 and 50 years.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
A female kiwi carries a huge egg about its body size.The kiwi is about the same size as a chicken but its egg is actually six times as large as a chicken’s egg. The reason for this is that the kiwi doesn’t have to fly, so there aren’t any limits on its weight. The female has to eat three times as much as usual to help the egg develop. Right before the egg is laid she can’t eat anything because the egg presses against her stomach, leaving no room for food.
All kiwi species are endangered. On average, twenty seven die each week. They have been affected most by deforestation and invasive mammals. Before humans came to New Zealand, the only mammals on the island were bats and seals. The kiwi never had to worry about predators before, but now since it cannot fly, and lays its eggs on the ground, it is pretty defenceless against invasive mammals such as rats and stoats. Stoats kill a lot of the chicks, while dogs kill a lot of adult birds, usually by accident, because they are quite delicate (脆弱的)．
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
1．Which is kiwis’ unique characteristic
A．They can’t fly with no wings.
B．They can live more than 50 years.
C．They rule the air instead of the ground.
D．They seldom or never come out in the daytime.
2．Why does a female kiwi carry a huge egg
A．It eats three times as much as usual.
B．It focuses too much on developing its egg.
C．Its body weight will increase without limit.
D．The egg presses against her stomach.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了几维鸟的由来、习性、特征等。
1．D　细节理解题。根据文章的第二段可知，几维鸟以前是可以飞行的，后来翅膀退化，所以几维鸟不是因为没有翅膀而不能飞，A错误；几维鸟可以存活25—50年，不是50多年，B项错误；地面是几维鸟的天下，C项错误；它们很胆小，通常只在晚上活动，D项正确。
2．C　细节理解题。由第三段中的The reason for this is that the kiwi doesn’t have to fly, so there aren’t any limits on its weight.可知，几维鸟不飞行，所以体重会无限增长，进而生出巨大的蛋。故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
3．Which kind of mammal does no harm to kiwis
A．The bat.　　　　B．The rat.　　　　
C．The stoat.　　　 D．The dog.
4．Which is a suitable title for the passage
A．Endangered Kiwi Species
B．Kiwis—Unique Birds
C．Get Close to the Bird World
D．Why Can’t Kiwis Fly
3．A　推理判断题。由第四段可知，在人类到来之前岛上已经有蝙蝠和海豹，但是几维鸟以前从不担心捕食者，由此可以推断出蝙蝠和海豹对几维鸟无害。故选A项。
4．B　主旨大意题。文章介绍了几维鸟的由来、习性和特征，用“几维鸟——独特的鸟”作为标题最合适。故选B项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人与动物
[广东珠海2022高一期末]Sleigh Ride is a cute, blue gray pit bull dog, and she’s been hanging around Richmond Animal Care and Control’s shelter for quite a while. But a letter from a second grader—written on the dog’s behalf—may have been the ticket home.
“Do you want to adopt me ” the letter read. “You can play with me! I promise that I will be a good dog. You can even sleep with me if you want!” “Within about 10 days of posting the letter alongside the shelter, someone adopted Sleigh Ride,” said Mr Peters, director of Richmond Animal Care and Control.
The letter came from a student in Ms Jones’ writing class. It was part of a persuasive writing task that asked students to write letters in the voice of one of 24 animals—23 dogs and one cat—at the shelter. In each letter, the young writers persuaded readers to adopt a pet, from the point of view of the animal.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
So far, the students’ work has been effective. After posting the letters outside the shelter, only four dogs remain: Pebble, Yosemite, Kotey and Tumble. “It was just a magical marketing tool to help people find those pets and fall in love with them with the stories that the kids wrote, and then take that pet home with them,” Peters said. The students have been enthusiastic throughout the process. It probably helps that Peters brought Snow, a white pit bull, for a visit with the students. The kids were “so excited and happy and jumping out of their skin” when they met the well mannered little dog, Peters said.
Though the writing took place in early February, students still ask about the animals they wrote about. “Has Tumble been adopted ” Ms Jones recalls one student asking before the day’s lesson had even started. Ms Jones says she’s watched her students develop an eagerness to write, even beyond this project.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What do we know about the dog Sleigh Ride
A．She ran from her home to the animal shelter.
B．She returned to her old home thanks to the letter.
C．She never liked sleeping with young children.
D．She waited for some time before being adopted.
2．What’s the aim of the students’ writing task
A．Persuading readers to take a pet home.
B．Making readers fall in love with pets.
C．Helping pets express their feelings.
D．Letting more people know the condition of pets.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了琼斯女士在写作课上让学生们以流浪动物的口吻写一封希望人们收养它们的说服信，这些信取得了很好的效果，帮助许多流浪动物找到了家。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Within about 10 days of posting the letter alongside the shelter, someone adopted Sleigh Ride可知，在被收养之前，斯莱·赖德在动物收容所等了一些时间。故选D项。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was part of a persuasive writing task… In each letter, the young writers persuaded readers to adopt a pet, from the point of view of the animal.可知，学生们的写作
任务的目的是劝说人们收养动物。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．Which of the following best describe Jones’s students
A．Creative and grateful.
B．Determined and generous.
C．Proud and self important.
D．Kind and enthusiastic.
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．Helping animals makes primary students brave.
B．Marketing tools are helpful for shelters’ animals.
C．Students write letters to help shelters’ animals find a home.
D．An animal shelter encourages people to adopt animals.
3．D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The students have been enthusiastic throughout the process.可知，学生们的参与热情很高；根据最后一段中的Though the writing took place in early February, students still ask about the animals they wrote about.以及琼斯女士的回忆可知，学生们很关心这些动物。由此可看出学生们是善良且热心的。故选D项。
答案及解析
4．C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了琼斯女士在写作课上让学生们用流浪动物的口吻写一封希望人们收养它们的说服信，这些信效果显著，许多动物被收养了。C项(学生们写信帮助收容所的动物找家)符合文意。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究
[江苏溧阳中学2021高二学情检测]Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30 kilometre radius.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries extremely powerful electric charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods.The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with the data collected over a 12 year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to the records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning would happen.
The researchers tested the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 per cent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection programme. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where crowds of people gather.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Why was the system developed
A．To show the power of lightning.
B．To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.
C．To protect people from lightning.
D．To keep track of deaths caused by lightning strikes.
2．What is special about the system
A．It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
B．It used an effective method of collecting data.
C．It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
D．It required the low cost of predicting lightning.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们研制出的一种新系统，依靠这种新系统，人们可以预测闪电发生的时间与地点。
1．C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.可知，每年有许多人被闪电击中身亡，因此科学家们长期以来都在寻找预测闪电的方法，由此可知该系统的发明是为了保护人们，使人们避开闪电带来的危险。故选C项。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的The data… was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm可
知，该系统使用了一个独一无二的机器学习算法，这
是它的独特之处。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What will the researchers do next with the laser technology
A．Generate electricity with lightning.
B．Transfer energy from lightning.
C．Monitor lightning activity.
D．Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Theory of Employing Lightning
B．A Model of Creating Lightning
C．A System of Controlling Lightning
D．A Method of Forecasting Lightning
3．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground.可知，科学家们想利用激光技术将闪电中的电荷直接从云层传输到地面，故选B项。
4．D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以预测闪电的系统，它可以用来保护人们免受闪电的伤害，故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm, which compared it to the records of lightning strikes.
句式分析：The data was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm为句子的主干部分；related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed为分词短语作后置定语，修饰The data；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰machine learning algorithm。
句意：这些与四种主要的地表条件(气压、气温、相对湿度和风速)有关的数据被录入一种独特的机器学习算法中，这种算法将已有数据与闪电发生的记录进行比对。
长难句分析
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护
World Environment Day is celebrated worldwide on June Fifth. The United Nations __1__ this special day in 1972 to get people to think about taking care of the __2__.
Public events for World Environment Day __3__ from June first through June fifth. The events and conferences help teach world leaders and citizens how to __4__ the environment.
Every year World Environment Day is celebrated in a different city. In 2005 it was held in San Francisco, California.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
1．A. arranged B．constructed
C．conducted D．established
2．A. planet B．organization
C．society D．system
3．A. take effect B．make sense
C．take place D．come true
4．A. develop B．protect
C．treat D．view
The main __5__ of World Environment Day that year was “Green Cities：Plan for the Planet”. The events and conferences showed us how to have “Green Cities”．It __6__ that people talked about the ways that cities could have clean environment.
Most people in the world live in cities, which makes them especially important areas of environmental __7__. Cities use more than seventy-five percentage of the world’s natural __8__ such as water and gasoline. World Environment Day will __9__ on how people in cities can work together to help save the planet.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
5．A. content B．message
C．moral D．method
6．A. required B．promised
C．meant D．reminded
7．A. reference B．concern
C．development D．argument
8．A. products B．power
C．resources D．materials
9．A. rely B．live
C．depend D．centre
San Francisco held public talks to discuss pollution __10__， clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens. There were also __11__ events such as music concerts, movies, and art shows. Local farmers and restaurant owners served food that had been __12__ grown, “green” of course.
City leaders from all over the world were __13__ to attend this conference and __14__ ideas. The United Nations hopes to make an international __15__ that countries and citizens will follow to help improve the earth’s environment.　
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
10．A. disappearance B．appearance
C．reduction D．increase
11．A. free B．extra
C．fun D．outdoor
12．A. naturally B．privately
C．frequently D．preciously
13．A. recommended B．commanded
C．suggested D．invited
14．A. keep B．share
C．contribute D．supply
15．A. agreement B．programme
C．file D．comment
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界环境日。1972年，联合国设立了这个特殊的日子，以此让人们思考如何保护地球。文章还介绍了关于世界环境日的一些庆祝活动。
1．D　根据空后的this special day in 1972 to get people to think about taking care of the ________可知，联合国在1972年设立了这个特殊的日子。故选D项。
2．A　根据节日的名字World Environment Day可知，节日设立的目的是让人们就保护我们的地球这一内容作出思考。故选A项。
3．C　根据语境可知，世界环境日的公众活动从6月1日持续到6月5日。take place意为“发生；进行”，故选C项。
4．B　根据语境可知，世界环境日的活动和会议有助于教育世界领导人和公民如何保护环境。故选B项。
5．B　根据空后的of World Environment Day that year was “Green Cities：Plan for the Planet”可知，此处是指那一年世界环境日的主题是“营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园”。main message意为“主题；主要信息”，故选
B项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．C　根据空后的that people talked about the ways that cities could have clean environment可知，此处是
指这个主题意味着人们会谈论让城市拥有清洁的环境的方式，这是这些活动的意义，故选C项。
7. B　根据上文especially important可知，大多数人生活在城市里，城市成为特别重要的环境关注领域。故选B项。
8．C　根据下文water and gasoline可知，此处是指自然资源。故选C项。
9．D　根据空后的on how people in cities can work together to help save the planet可知，世界环境日将以城市居民如何共同努力拯救地球为中心。故选D项。
10．C　根据空后的clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens可知，此处是指减少污染。故选C项。
11．C　根据下文music concerts, movies, and art shows可知，此处是指娱乐活动，故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
12．A　由空后的“green” of course可知，当地农民和餐馆老板提供的食物是“绿色”的，故应是自然生长的。故选A项。
13．D　根据空前的City leaders from all over the world及空后的attend this conference and ________ ideas可知，世界各地的城市领导人应邀参加会议。故选D项。
14．B　根据空后的ideas可知，此处是指分享彼此的观点，故选B项。
15．A　根据语境可知，此处是说联合国希望达成一项国际协定，各国和公民将遵守该协定，以帮助
改善地球环境。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
单元限时作业
04
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历
I was 11 years old when I asked my mum for piano lessons in 2010. We were in the fallout of the recession (衰退)．She said a polite “no”．
That didn’t stop me. I googled the measurements of a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one—keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. Once my mum saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first one. I was struck by how real the sound of the piano was. I sat my grade one after eight lessons. Once I started secondary school, we couldn’t afford lessons again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practising only on my piece of paper.
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
One evening, when I was about 13, my mum said she had a surprise for me; it was an electronic keyboard, bought with more borrowed money. It was the first time I’d played for her. She was in astonishment.
My school didn’t offer A Level Music. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts were difficult. Some of the questions involved the judgement about the composer or when the music was written. I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a place.
At Purcell, I spent two years working as hard as I could. I performed to raise money and saved enough to buy my first piano.
When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London. I feel proud: It’s been 10 years since I drew my paper piano, and I’m at one of the world’s leading music schools.
The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano: what we call mental practice. The paper piano helped spark my curiosity about how music works and the building blocks that form the pieces.
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1．Why did the author’s mum buy him lessons at last
A．She suddenly made a fortune.
B．She realized he meant what he said.
C．She had no doubts about his talent for piano.
D．She was shocked by his first performance.
2．Which of the following can best describe the author
A．Honest. B．Humorous.
C．Determined. D．Rebellious.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者没有因家庭贫困而放弃钢琴梦想，而是通过在纸上画琴键的方式日复一日地练习，最终进入了世界顶尖的音乐学校之一的故事。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Once my mum saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.可知，妈妈看到作者态度认真，就借钱让作者上课。由此可知，妈妈意识到了作者对待学钢琴这件事说到做到，十分认真。
2．C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的描述可知，家境贫困并没能阻止作者学钢琴，他在纸上画出琴键来练习，这说明作者是个意志坚定的人。
答案及解析
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3．The word “irony” in the last paragraph shows that the author was ________.
A．surprised B．proud
C．satisfied D．curious
4．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this article
A．To introduce the method of mental practice.
B．To encourage people to stick to their dreams.
C．To describe how costly it is to learn an instrument.
D．To share how he convinced his mum to buy a piano.
3．A　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的I feel proud: It’s been 10 years since I drew my paper piano, and I’m at one of the world’s leading music schools.可知，自从作者在纸上画琴键以来，已经过去十年了，而作者也已经进入世界顶尖的音乐学校。由画线词后面的I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano: what we call mental practice可知，作者依然保留着用精神练习法练琴的习惯，他对此感到惊讶，没有想到那架纸钢琴竟然给自己带来这么大的影响。
答案及解析
4．B　推理判断题。本文以时间为线索，讲述了作者一步步实现自己的钢琴梦的故事。作者从在纸上画琴键开始练习钢琴，到最终进入了世界顶尖的音乐学校，他一直坚持自己的梦想。因此作者写这篇文章是为了
让更多的人像他一样坚持自己的梦想。
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然
Que Liu and his wife Si En spend their mornings picking Pu’er leaves in a forest not far from their village in the highlands of Southwest China.
Pu’er is a kind of tea that is famous for its complex taste. Tea lovers say its taste changes with each following steeping (续泡)．But the crop this year has been small at Nannuoshan, one of the six major Pu’er mountains in Yunnan Province. The hottest weather and lowest rainfal