牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance单元习题课件(共101张PPT)

(共101张PPT)
Unit 2 Natural disasters
必修
第三册
Period Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
01
1．He tweaked (扭) his back on the play, an ________ (injure) that he said wasn’t serious.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
injury
句意为：他在比赛中扭伤了背部，他说伤并不严重。设空处前有不定冠词an，应填名词的单数形式，故填injury。
2．To write a good essay you must first organize your ideas in an ________ (order) way.
orderly
句意为：要写一篇好文章，你必须先有条理地组织你的想法。设空处修饰名词way，作定语，应用形容词，意为“有条理的”。故填orderly。
解析
解析
3．_________ (destroy) tornadoes and severe storms tore through the South in late April, killing hundreds of people.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：4月下旬，破坏性龙卷风和猛烈的风暴横扫南方，造成数百人死亡。设空处修饰名词tornadoes，作定语，应用形容词。故填Destructive。
4．You’d better keep us ________ (inform) of your arrangement about our stay and how we can get to the hotel.
句意为：你最好随时通知我们你对我们的住宿和去旅馆的方式的安排。keep sb informed of sth为固定搭配，意为“随时通知某人某事”。故填informed。
Destructive
informed
解析
解析
5．Moreover, I can find out whether my reaction ________ an event is reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to
句意为：此外，我可以通过了解网上他人对一起事件的反应，来判断我自己的反应是否足够合理。reaction to sth意为“对某事的反应”。
6．________ our great relief, Jack’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.
To
句意为：令我们十分宽慰的是，杰克的病没有我们担心得那么严重。to one’s relief意为“令某人宽慰的是”。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Students ________ large felt that the discipline was too strict.
句意为：学生们普遍认为纪律太严格了。at large为固定搭配，在此处意为“全部，整个”。故填at。
at
8．It is necessary for students to have the ability ________ (write) in English.
to write
句意为：对学生们来说，拥有英语写作能力是必要的。此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰ability。
解析
解析
9．I was driving down to Huizhou ________ I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
when
10．Nicholas might not _____________ (survive) this snowstorm had it not been for the TV.
have survived　
句意为：我正开车去往惠州，突然发现自己走错了路。本句用了固定结构be doing... when...，意为“正在做……这时(突然)……”。故填when。
句意为：假如没有电视机的话，尼古拉斯可能无法挺过这场暴风雪。该句是对过去事实的一种假设，因此要用虚拟语气，且主句应用过去完成时。从句为倒装结构，可以转换为Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm if it had not... 。
解析
解析
知识拓展
sb was doing sth when... 某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……
sb was about to do sth when…＝sb was on the point of doing sth when... 某人正打算做某事，这时(突然)……
sb had (just) done... when... 某人刚做完……，这时(突然)……
The children’s mother ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
1．他想到了他的农场大有潜力。(occur)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
signalled to them to be/ quiet
keep/remain
________ ________ ________ ________ that his farm had much potential.
It occurred to him
2．孩子们的妈妈示意他们保持安静。(signal)
4．他当时保持了冷静，否则事故就会发生了。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
He ________ ________ ________ then, otherwise the accident would have happened.
kept his head
3．看到儿子安然无恙地回到家，母亲松了一口气。
Seeing her son returning home ________ ________ ________, the mother breathed a sigh of relief.
safe and sound
根据提示补全句子。
5．医生把自己的电话号码告诉病人，以防他们需要医疗援助。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
in case they
need medical assistance
根据提示补全句子。
体裁：记叙文　 题材：自然灾害
On 17 March, an earthquake hit the county Falmont, 1________ (cause) 7 deaths and more than 200 injuries. However, at Falmont Primary School, only 5 of the 476 students suffered slight injuries, 2________ was surely a success.
The head teacher Alice Brown 3________ (teach) when the floor began to shake. Her students reacted quickly, moving under their desks and holding on to the legs of the desks. Meanwhile, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became 4________ (damage) and could not open. 5________ the loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, the students remained still and waited calmly.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．causing　句中已有谓语动词hit，且设空处与谓语之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词。此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填现在分词causing。
2．which　设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容，故填which。
答案及解析
3．was teaching　be doing sth when... 为固定句式，意为“正在做某事，这时突然……”。
4．damaged　it指代classroom door，与damage之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词damaged作表语，表示“被损坏的”
5．Despite　despite意为“尽管”。该句可以转换为：Although/Though there were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, the
students remained still and waited calmly.
6________ (immediate) the shaking stopped, Miss Brown, sensing it was the best time to make the escape, signalled to the students to exit the classroom in an orderly line with their hands covering their heads. In less than two minutes, the whole class made 7________ to the playground.
“We practise earthquake 8________ (safe) procedures twice a yea,” said Miss Brown, “so the kids were calm enough 9________ (protect) themselves during the earthquake.” It was thanks to the necessary safety education that the pupils’ lives 10________ (spare).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
9．to protect　“adj./adv.＋enough＋to do sth”意为“足够……做某事”。该结构中，不定式(短语)作结果状语。
10．were spared　句意为：正是由于必要的安全教育，学生们才幸免于难。It was... that... 是强调句型，此处强调原因状语thanks to the necessary safety education。spare 意为“使免受(损坏或伤亡)”，与lives之间为被动关系，且根据语境可知，此处表示过去发生的事，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．safety　safety procedures意为“安全流程”。
6．Immediately　设空处作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，应填Immediately。
7．it　make it to... 表示“(在困难情况下)到达……”。
答案及解析
体裁：说明文　 题材：环境与自然
[安徽宿州2021高二期末]Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water 1________ (use) on coastal farms. As a result, farmers are 2________ (gradual) unable to use fields close to the sea.
However, Marc Van Rijsselberghe, a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a 3________ (mix) of sea and fresh water 4________ (grow) healthy and tasty vegetables.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．used　句意为：这增加了沿海农场使用的淡水中盐的含量。设空处作定语应用非谓语动词，与所修饰词fresh water之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。 故填used。
2．gradually　修饰are unable to应用副词。故填gradually。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化使海平面上升，对海岸附近的种植业产生了影响，但荷兰的一位农民利用这种条件种出了美味的蔬菜。
答案及解析
3．mixture　句意为：……荷兰的一位农民正使用一种海水和淡水的混合物来种植健康美味的蔬菜。设空处作宾语，且在不定冠词a后，应用名词形式。故填mixture。
4．to grow　根据句意可知，此处表目的，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。
He teamed up with scientists from the Free University of Amsterdam and divided a farm 5________ eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and 6________ computer program created water with eight levels of salinity (含盐度).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
6．a　program是可数名词，此处泛指一个电脑程序，所以应用不定冠词。故填a。
5．into　divide... into... 为固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”。故填into。
答案及解析
Mr Van Rijsselberghe said he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight test areas. He said the vegetables were smaller than 7________ grown in fresh water. But he said they also had more sugar and salt, so they tasted much 8________ (good).
He found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr Van Rijsselberghe said four kinds of these potatoes would be sent to Pakistan 9________ thousands of hectares of land 10________ (damage) by salinization (盐化作用) last year.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．those　句意为：他说这些蔬菜比在淡水中生长的蔬菜要小。此处指代前面提到的the vegetables，应用替代词，又因为前面是名词复数形式，故填those。
答案及解析
8．better　句意为：但是他说它们也含有更多的糖和盐，所以这些蔬菜的味道尝起来更好。此处是与淡水中种植的蔬菜相比味道更好，所以应用比较级。故填better。
9．where　________ thousands of hectares of land ________ by salinization last year是定语从句，修饰先行词Pakistan，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词。故填where。
10．was/were damaged　分析句子成分可知，设空处在此是定语从句中的谓语动词，与从句主语之间是被动关系根据时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。
“数词＋复数量词＋of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语
动词用单复数均可。故填was/were damaged。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：自然灾害
The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA. Australia’s capital, Canberra, was enveloped in a smoky haze and the air quality at midday was measured at 10 times the usual dangerous limit. The damaging fires have killed at least 24 people in Australia and destroyed almost 2,000 homes. The early start of Australia’s summer wildfires, fed by drought and the country’s hottest and driest year on record, has also been catastrophic (灾难性的) for the country’s wildlife, likely killing nearly 500 million birds, reptiles and mammals in New South Wales alone, Sydney University ecologist Chris Dickman told The Sydney Morning Herald.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
Under such extreme conditions, the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems, including fire generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes. Thousands of firefighters continued to fight the flames that have burnt millions of acres in New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia, an area twice the size of Maryland. In New South Wales, the Rural Fire Service said as of Sunday there were 150 fires active in the state, 64 of them uncontrolled.
On Saturday, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced that, for the first time in Australian history, 3,000 army, navy and air force reservists (预备役军人) will battle against the fires. He also committed $14 million to hiring fire fighting aircraft from overseas. On Sunday, cooler temperatures and lighter winds brought some relief to threatened communities, a day after thousands of people were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney. Thousands of firefighters fought to contain the fires, but many fires continued to burn out of control, threatening to wipe out rural townships and causing almost incalculable damage to property and wildlife.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What does the underlined word “fed” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Given. B．Strengthened.
C．Destroyed. D．Controlled.
2．Why were there thunderstorms and tornadoes
A．The drought generated thunderstorms and tornadoes.
B．The country’s wildlife was killed.
C．The fires generated enough heat to create extreme weather.
D．The weather systems are easy to change.
【语篇导读】本文描述了席卷澳大利亚的大火给当地造成的巨大损失，文中还介绍了大火带来的后果和政府采取的应对措施。
1．B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的The early start of Australia’s summer wildfires, fed by drought and the country’s hottest and driest year on record, has also been catastrophic for the country’s wildlife可知，fed后给出的是干旱和高温干燥两个气候因素，根据常识可知，这些因素会助长火势，由此可推断，B项“加强”与fed的意思相近。故选B项。
2．C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Under such extreme conditions, the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems, including fire generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes.可知，在如此极端的条件下，大火已经产生了足够的热量来
形成自己的天气系统，包括由大火引起的雷暴和火
焰龙卷风。由此可知，大火产生的热量催生了一些
极端天气。故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Many soldiers will fight the fires as they have done before.
B．Fires were controlled due to cooler temperatures and lighter winds.
C．A lot of people moved out of the suburban areas.
D．The damage to property and wildlife is limited.
4．What can be the best title for this passage
A．Australia’s Destructive Wildfires
B．Soldiers Fought the Fires
C．Wildlife Died From the Fires
D．Australia’s Wildfires Were Under Control
3．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的On Sunday, cooler temperatures and lighter winds brought some relief to threatened communities, a day after thousands of people were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney.可知，受到大火威胁，悉尼郊区的人们已经被迫撤离了，C项中的moved out与文章中的escape对应。故选C项。
答案及解析
4．A　主旨大意题。第一段第一句The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA. (在美国国家航空航天局最新公布的卫星图像中，人们可以从太空中看到破坏澳大利亚部分地区的森林大火)引出文章主题，下文都是围绕这场造成巨大破坏的澳大利亚大火展开，故A项“澳大利亚毁灭性的大火”最适合作为本文标题。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然
During most time of the 1930s, the Great Plains region was destroyed by drought and high winds. Howling across the Great Plains, these winds swept up the soil of the over farmed land and created serious sandstorms of dust. These black sandstorms were so thick that daylight seemed more like dusk. Year after year having passed without rain, the winds continued to blow, and the dust swirled endlessly. During this terrible period, the region came to be called the Dust Bowl.
But the causes of the sandstorms weren’t just drought and winds. In a strange way, patriotism (爱国主义) was partly to blame. During World War I, the US government encouraged farmers to support the war by planting more wheat. As farmers increased their production, their own profits increased. Following the invention of the farm tractor, farmers plowed up thousands of acres of grassland and planted wheat. Wheat production rose fast, but nature soon turned success into disaster.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
When the drought began, farmers didn’t realize that, by plowing up the grassland, they had destroyed the land’s natural protection against soil erosion (侵蚀). As the drought continued, one powerful windstorm after another blew across the Great Plains. Crops dried up and were blown away.
Nothing grew for years. Eventually most of the rich topsoil (表土层) was blown away. As years passed, all the moisture (水分) in the ground disappeared, leaving even the deep roots of trees in dust.
The Great Plains became a deserted place, as thousands of people fled to California to escape the dust and look for work. Most found only low paying agricultural jobs. But there were those who refused to leave. For these farmers, a programme encouraged them to make use of new ways that would protect the precious topsoil from eroding. But bringing the soil back to life took time, and the farmers still needed rain. Rain meant more to the farmers than it ever had before. It meant a future.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Which of the following is the main cause of turning the Great Plains into the Dust Bowl
A．The land was over farmed.
B．The high winds blew away good soil.
C．There was lasting drought for years.
D．There were many thick black sandstorms.
2．What does the underlined phrase “plowed up” in the second paragraph mean
A．Looked for. B．Opened up.
C．Broke down. D．Gave out.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了20世纪30年代，美国大平原地区由于过度开垦而产生了一系列环境问题，使得这片曾经的沃土沦为一片荒地。
1．A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的... these winds swept up the soil of the over farmed land and created serious sandstorms of dust... called the Dust Bowl.可知，过度开垦使大风卷走了土壤，形成了严重的沙尘暴，把大平原变成了“灰碗”，故选A项。
2．B　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的Following the invention of the farm tractor及画线部分后的planted wheat可知，随着农用拖拉机的发明，农民开垦了数千英亩的草地，种上了小麦，由此可知画线短语是指“开垦”，故选B项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．How is the third paragraph mainly developed
A．By the time order.
B．By giving examples.
C．By exploring causes and effects.
D．By explaining the process.
4．What is mainly discussed in the last two paragraphs
A．Measures to be taken.
B．Future of the destroyed region.
C．Results of the disaster.
D．People’s reaction to the disaster.
3．C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知plowing up the grassland→destroyed the land’s natural protection against soil erosion→Crops dried up and were blown away.为因果关系，因此本段是以探究原因和结果的方法展开的，故选C项。
4．C　主旨大意题。通读最后两段内容可知，最后两段分别从环境和人类生存两个方面介绍了美国大平原地区被过度开垦后所产生的一系列后果，故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历
I work as a meteorologist (气象学家) in Tampa, Florida. It’s my job to follow hurricanes (飓风) and provide information about them for scientists.
I was working for the National Meteorological Office in Bracknell, near London, in the autumn of 1995, and I saw a documentary called Stormchasers with my family. __1__ Two months later I came across an ad for a meteorologist to work in Florida. I was interviewed over the phone, moved to the US, and started to work here in Tampa in May 1996.
__2__ I have been all over the world hunting hurricanes. It’s exciting to end up in different cities and different countries day after day. If you are a meteorologist, you have to love flying. I also love working with top scientists. __3__ For me, it’s like a classroom in the sky.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
People often ask me what an average day is like. In fact, there’s no such thing as an average day in my job! __4__ We often take off at a moment’s notice to hunt storms.
Next, I would like to join a space programme and be the first meteorologist in space. __5__ There aren’t any hurricanes!
If you also want to be a meteorologist, study maths and science and get a degree in meteorology. I have taken the hurricane hunter path, but you could do research.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
A．I have learnt so much from them.
B．What I like most about my job is the travel.
C．It’s a wonderful job and the pay is pretty good.
D．It all depends on the weather, and you can’t control that.
E．However, I haven’t come up with an experiment to do in space yet.
F．Because of the job, I’m away from my family who all live in the UK.
G．It was about hurricane hunters and I thought, “Wow, that’s an interesting job!”
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者详细介绍了自己所从事的工作——飓风追逐者。
1．G　根据上文I was working for the National Meteorological Office in Bracknell, near London, in the autumn of 1995, and I saw a documentary called Stormchasers with my family.可知，G项(它是关于飓风追踪者的，我想：“哇，这真是一个有趣的工作！”)符合语境，该项中的It指代上文提到的纪录片。故选G项。
2．B　根据下文I have been all over the world hunting hurricanes.可知，作者一直在世界各地追踪飓风。所以此处引出下文，B项(这份工作中我最喜欢的是旅行)符合语境。故选B项。
3．A　根据上文I also love working with top scientists.及下文like a classroom可知，A项(我从他们身上学到了很多)符合语境，A项中的them指代top scientists。故选A项。
4．D　根据上文People often ask me what an average day is like. In fact, there’s no such thing as an average day in my job！和下文的We often take off at a moment’s notice to hunt storms.可知，该空承上启下，D项(这完全取决于天气，你无法控制)符合语境。故选D项。
5．E　根据上文Next, I would like to join a space programme and be the first meteorologist in space.可知，
E项(然而，我还没有想到可以在太空做的实验)符合语境，故选E项。
答案及解析
Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
02
1．Her ________ (donate) was for students who really needed financial help.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
donation
句意为：她的捐赠是给真正需要经济资助的学生们的。设空处作主语，应填名词形式，由后面的was可知应填donation。
2．The people in the hall kept their eyes on me with ________ (curious).
curiosity
句意为：大厅里的人们一直好奇地看着我。介词with后应用名词作宾语。
解析
解析
3．Earthquakes are among the most ________ (power) natural disasters on earth, and their results can be terrifying.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：地震是地球上影响最大的自然灾害之一，它们(造成)的结果是极其可怕的。设空处作定语，修饰disasters，应填形容词，根据语境可知应填powerful。
4．Mary was ________ (scare) to death when she saw someone walking slowly towards her in the dark.
句意为：当玛丽看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝她走来时，她吓得要死。be scared to death意为“吓得要死”。故填scared。
powerful
scared
解析
解析
5．It came as ________ shock that the famous singer was arrested for being in possession of drugs.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
a
句意为：这位著名歌手因持有毒品而被捕，这令人震惊。shock在此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“令人震惊的事”，所以其前应用不定冠词，且shock的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
6．Food ________ (supply) may run out towards the end of the trip, so we can’t waste any food.
supplies
句意为：食物补给可能会在旅行快结束时用完，所以我们不能浪费任何食物。supply意为“补给；补给品”时是可数名词，常用复数，且空前无限定词修饰。故填supplies。
解析
解析
知识拓展
抽象名词具体化
抽象名词用来表示具体的人或者物，用单数时其前可以用不定冠词。常见的这类名词有：success, failure, beauty, comfort, concern, surprise, shock, danger等。
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．With money ________ (run) out, he couldn’t afford the round trip tickets.
句意为：由于钱快花光了，他买不起往返票。sth run out表示“某物被用光”，为不及物动词短语；sb run out of sth表示“某人用光某物”，为及物动词短语。此处为with复合结构，run out与其逻辑主语money构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填running。
running
8．The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would__________________ (accomplish) the task in half the time.
have accomplished　
句意为：工人们没有被更好地组织起来。否则，他们本可以在一半的时间内完工。根据otherwise (否则)可知该句用虚拟语气，表示“本可以做某事而未做”用would have done结构，故填have accomplished。该句可以转换为：If the workers had been better organized, they would have accomplished the task in half the time.
解析
解析
9．He stood in line overnight, only _____________ (inform) the tickets had already sold out.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to be informed
10．A visually challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.[全国甲2022]
to journey
句意为：他排了一夜的队，却被告知票已经卖完了。“only＋不定式”表示意料之外的结果；inform与主语He之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处应用不定式的被动式。故填to be informed。
句意为：最近，一位盲人从北京出发，徒步40天到西安，将其作为徒步走完“一带一路”路线的第一步。设空处作后置定语，修饰step，应用非谓语动词；名词前有the first修饰时，后接不定式作定语。故填to journey。
解析
解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章旨在论述全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决的办法。
体裁：议论文 题材：社会热点
It’s time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, more than 7.5 billion people consume 1.6 times 1________ the earth’s natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world’s population 2________ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without 3________ (expand) the land and water already in use We can’t double the amount of land. 4________ (fortunate), we don’t have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. 5________ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．what　分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，设空处作从句宾语，应用what，表示“地球上的自然资源所能供应的(食物)”。
2．will have reached/will reach　根据时间状语By 2050可知，此处应用将来完成时，表示对未来情况的推测；也可以表示将来会发生的事，用一般将来时。故填will have reached/will reach。
答案及解析
3．expanding　without后接动词的动名词形式， 故填expanding。
4．Fortunately　修饰整个句子应用副词， 根据语境，此处表示“幸运地”，故填Fortunately。
5．In　in short为固定搭配，意为“简而言之”，
故填In。
In the near term, food production is enough to support all, but it doesn’t reach everyone who needs it. Food that 6________ (waste) each year amounts to about 1.3 billion tons—four times the amount 7________ (need) to feed more than 800 million people who are 8________ (hunger).
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9________ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10________ same amount of land we use now.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．patterns　pattern意为“模式”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，为复数意义，因此要用复数形式。故填patterns。
7．needed　分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰the amount, 二者为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填needed。
答案及解析
8．hungry　are为系动词，其后为表语，此处表示“饥饿的”，应用形容词。故填hungry。
6．is wasted　that引导定语从句，代替先行词Food，在从句中作主语，且that与动词waste之间为被动关系，此处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态； 先行词Food为不可数名词，故定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is wasted。
10．the　the same为固定搭配，意为“同样(的)”。故填the。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：应用文 题材：介绍说明
[山东济宁2022高一期末]In a time when climate change becomes a more pressing issue, we sometimes may fail to realize that individual contributions have a huge effect on the big problem. Fortunately, there are some apps which can help the environment with the click of a button.
HappyCow (Free)
Buying and selling second hand things is a more responsible and environmentally friendly way to consume and part of the solution to reducing the carbon emission (碳排放) of mass production. This app helps users anywhere in the world make a little extra money from things they no longer need and moreover, how good it is to find hidden treasures at a great price!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
My Footprint (Free)
Created by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), this handy app provides you with a wealth of details of the latest facts and information on climate change issues as well as enabling you to track your carbon footprint and see how different areas of your life contribute to this. With this knowledge, you can then take part in the challenges of your choice to help reduce your carbon footprint.
Too Good To Go (Free)
With the aim of reducing the mass of food waste from shops and restaurants, this app helps to connect users with local businesses that have unsold produce to be collected for a small part of the cost. The app is the most direct way for you to get involved—all you have to do is search, place your order and go to pick it up!
Good On You ($2.99)
This app is a must have that gives you the power to check the influence of brands (品牌) on issues that
mean most to you. With more than 3,000 brands currently listed, and the option to request others to be added
in time, this is a handy source of environment friendly shopping information.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Which app can record the environmental impact of your daily life
A．HappyCow. B．My Footprint.
C．Too Good To Go. D．Good On You.
2．What can Good On You be used for
A．Collecting users’ opinions about fashion.
B．Providing the latest shopping information.
C．Recommending the most fashionable brand.
D．Publicizing brands’ environmental impact.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个有助于保护环境的应用程序。
1．B　细节理解题。根据My Footprint (Free)部分中的enabling you to track your carbon footprint and see how different areas of your life contribute to this可知，My Footprint这个应用程序能记录你日常生活中的碳足迹对环境的影响，故选B项。
2．D　细节理解题。根据Good On You ($2.99)部分中的This app is a must have that gives you the power to check the influence of brands on issues that mean most to you.可知，Good On You这个应用程序可用于公布品牌对环境的影响，故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What feature do the apps share
A．They are free of charge.
B．They prevent food waste.
C．They contribute to green life.
D．They help users save money.
3．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Fortunately, there are some apps which can help the environment with the click of a button.可知，这些应用程序的共同点是有助于绿色生活。故选C项。
答案及解析
B
体裁：说明文 题材：社会热点
Like all big cities, Paris has traffic problems: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So the city began a scheme (计划) to improve the situation.
Under the Velib scheme (“Velib” comes from vélo liberté, or “bicycle freedom”) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this. But not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What can we learn about the Velib scheme
A．Its bikes have no baskets.
B．Its bikes are light and colourful.
C．It aims to make travelling easier.
D．It owns more stations than the subway.
2．How much should you pay if you use a Velib for an hour
A. ?1. B. ?30.
C. ?29. D．No money.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴黎为改善交通拥堵和空气污染而实行的自行车骑行计划，鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康多骑自行车。
1．D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations！可知，自行车车站要比地铁车站多得多。故选D项。
答案及解析
2．A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的The first half hour on the bike is free... But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year！可知，半小时内是免费的，超过半小时需要付费，一天1欧元。故骑自行车一个小时，需要付费1欧元，故选A项。
3．Why do some people disagree with the Velib
scheme
A．The cost is rather high.
B．It’s hard to find a Velib station.
C．It’s not suitable for a long journey.
D．The distance between two Velib stations is long.
4．What’s the city spokesman’s attitude towards
the bicycle scheme
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Uncaring. D．Worried.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的These bicycles are only for short journeys. (这些自行车仅仅适用于短程旅途)可推断，一些人不看好该计划的原因是自行车不适用于长途旅行。故选C项。
答案及解析
4．B　推理判断题。通读文章的最后一段，并根据该段最后一句话The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too. (自行车也可能帮助人们过一种更健康的生活)可知，该发言人对自行车骑行计划的态度是肯定的。故选B项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：自然灾害
[湖北四地七校2022高一联考]I was suddenly awakened at about 4 am by a strange shake which I did not understand at first. I was __1__ for a few seconds, as though I were in a cradle (摇篮). I heard __2__ sounds in which I could identify the tinkling of pots, the rattling of windows, and certain deep rumbling noise __3__ from the earth. After a few moments I realized, to my __4__, that it was an earthquake.
1．A．attacked B．comforted
C．rocked D．sheltered
2．A．pleasant B．strange
C．fascinating D．fluent
3．A．coming B．moving
C．choosing D．keeping
4．A．annoyance B．joy
C．relief D．horror
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
Others too in my house and neighbourhood must have __5__ it at the same time or a little earlier, because we all jumped up from our beds in a second and __6__ out of our houses. The quake had stopped; yet we stood in the open for an hour, extremely __7__ about another quake. There was a nip (寒意) in the air that early morning, and the electric lights had __8__. People stood in darkness, talking about the earthquake and praying (祈祷) that it might not __9__.
5．A．warned B．recognized
C．impacted D．prevented
6．A．jumped B．walked
C．rushed D．struggled
7．A．anxious B．excited
C．curious D．hopeful
8．A．blown up B．held on
C．died down D．gone off
9．A．expect B．forgive
C．repeat D．stop
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
The quakes caused no damage in Mumbai. For several hours next morning we thought, with __10__ to Nature, that the disaster had been __11__ on the whole. But at about noon, bad news came that all the houses in parts of Latur had been __12__ to the ground and hundreds of human lives __13__.
The destruction caused by the earthquake at Latur proved the __14__ of man in the face of an unexpected natural disaster. He still has much to achieve in dealing with Nature. Isn’t it a(n) __15__ that he is wasting the natural resources and energy？　　　
10．A．access B．gratitude
C．contribution D．reference
11．A．generous B．impressive
C．harmless D．tough
12．A．burned B．frozen
C．thrown D．ruined
13．A．lost B．cured
C．discovered D．rescued
14．A．power B．creativity
C．helplessness D．limit
15．A．fact B．pity
C．honour D．wonder
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者经历地震后，意识到了人们在自然灾害面前是无助的，人们要珍惜自然资源。
1．C　根据后文的as though I were in a cradle可知，作者是感到摇晃，故选C。
2．B　根据后文的the tinkling of pots, the rattling of windows, and certain deep rumbling noise可知，作者是听到了奇怪的声音，故选B。
3．A　根据空后的from the earth可知，作者听到的是来自地面的隆隆声，故选A。
4．D　根据后文的it was an earthquake和常识可知，地震了，作者应是感到恐惧，故选D。
5．B　根据后文的because we all jumped up from our beds in a second可知，作者家里的其他人和邻居都意识到发生了地震，故选B。
6．C　根据上文的it was an earthquake及后文的we stood in the open可知，地震了，作者他们应该是冲出了家门，故选C。
7．A　根据后文的another quake可知，作者他们是担心再次发生地震，故选A。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
8．D　根据空后的People stood in darkness可知，电灯熄灭了。go off意为“(电灯)熄灭”。故选D。
9．C　根据上文的extremely ________ about another quake和praying that it might not可知，人们担心再次地震，所以祈祷地震不会再发生，故选C。
10．B　根据上文的The quakes caused no damage in Mumbai.可知，地震没有对孟买造成破坏，所以人们感激大自然，故选B。
11．C　根据上文的The quakes caused no damage in Mumbai.可知，这场灾难大体上是无害的。故选C。
12．D　根据上文的bad news came可知，有坏消息传来，即地震把拉杜尔的部分房屋夷为平地了，故选D。
13．A　根据上文的bad news came可知，这场地震导致了上百人死亡。lost在此处表示“不复存在的”，故选A。
14．C　根据后文的He still has much to achieve in dealing with Nature.可知，人类在自然灾害面前是很无助的，故选C。
15．B　根据后文的he is wasting the natural resources and energy可知，人类还在浪费自然资源和能
源，这是很可惜的，故选B。
Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project
03
1．Something should be done to prevent ________ (retire) people from feeling lonely and useless.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
retired　
句意为：人们应该做一些事情来防止退休人员感到孤独和无用。设空处作定语，修饰people，表示“退休的”，应填retired。
2．War has made life almost ____________ (bearable) for the civilians remaining in the capital.
unbearable
句意为：战争使得留在首都的市民们几乎难以度日。根据语境可知，此处应填bearable的反义词unbearable，表示“难以忍受的”。
解析
解析
3．Many people were panicked into leaving the area by the ________ (erupt) of the volcano.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：火山的爆发吓得许多人离开了这个地区。作介词by的宾语应用名词形式。故填eruption。
4．Most of her stories took ________ form of complaints, yet nobody doubted that she adored the boy.
句意为：她讲述的大多数事情都是以抱怨的形式，然而却没人质疑她对小男孩的喜爱。take the form of... 意为“以……的形式”。
eruption
the　
解析
解析
5．These foods are made mainly of grain (谷物), much of which is imported ________ other parts of the world.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
from
句意为：这些食物主要是由谷物制成的，而谷物大多是从世界其他地方进口的。be imported from... 意为“从……进口”。
6．Someone who happened to be passing by called the fire department instantly the fire broke ________.
out
句意为：火灾一发生，就有碰巧经过的人给消防部门打了电话。break out为固定搭配，意为“突然发生”。故填out。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Many of those interviewed said their home had changed ________ recognition over the past five years.
句意为：许多接受采访的人说，他们的家乡在过去五年中变得完全认不出来了。beyond recognition意为“变得面目全非”。故填beyond。
beyond
8．Seeing the tiger walking towards them, the small animals ran ________ all directions.
in
句意为：看到老虎向它们走来，小动物们四散奔逃。in all directions意为“朝四面八方”。故填in。
解析
解析
9．Through perseverance, many people win success out of ________ seems certain to be a failure.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
what　
10. The nine coal miners had been trapped in the coal mine for 20 hours ________ we came to their rescue.
before
句意为：凭借毅力，许多人从看似注定失败的事情中赢得了成功。________ seems certain to be a failure为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，意为“……的事情”，应用引导词what。故填what
句意为：在我们解救出他们之前，那9名煤矿工人已在煤矿里被困了20个小时。“一段时间＋before...”意为“过了……才……”。故填before。
解析
解析
In many ways, the Beatles were pioneers of ________ ________ ________ ________.
1．她经常问我远处的山(是什么样的)，想骑着小马过去。(distance)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
2．在许多方面，甲壳虫乐队都是流行趋势的引领者。(what引导宾语从句)
She often asked me about the hills ________ ________ ________ and wanted to ride her pony there.
what was to come
in the distance
3．我们全涌进她的办公室，唱“祝你生日快乐”歌。 (crowd)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
We all ________ ________ her office to sing “Happy Birthday to You”.
crowded into
4．孔子认为刀会让人们联想到杀戮，且过于暴力，不适合在餐桌上使用。(remind)
Confucius believed knives would ________ ________ ________ killings and were too violent to use at the table.
remind people of
remind sb of sth意为“使某人想起某事/某物”；
remind sb about sth意为“提醒某人某事”。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
5．你把我从尴尬的局面中解救了出来。(rescue)
You ________ ________ ________ an embarrassing situation.
rescued me from
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然
[安徽宣城2022高一期末]Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one horned rhinos. Floodwaters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes floodwaters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, floodwaters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Floodwaters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and help plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
1．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in Paragraph 2
A．Become. B．Pollute.
C．Block. D．Develop.
2．How do floods help ecosystems
A．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer.
B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily.
C．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals.
D．Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洪水作为大自然的一部分，对生态系统既有坏处也有好处。
1．C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Floodwaters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty.以及画线词后的 preventing the river from flowing可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，使河水无法流淌。由此可推测此处clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选C项。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Floodwaters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and help plants grow.可知，洪水
沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更丰富，从
而更好地改善生态系统。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The way in which floods feed animals.
B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems.
C．An effective means of improving soil.
D．The reason for people’s appreciating floods.
4．What’s the best title for this article
A．Many Effects of Flooding
B．The Secret of Flooding
C．Floods: Everything Is So Bad
D．Floods: A Part of Nature
3．B　主旨大意题。根据第三段的主旨句However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对生态系统的好处。故选B项。
4．D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前两段主要讲洪水对生态系统不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对生态系统的益处，最后一段总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水：大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事
School had just started in August when Conner began throwing up for no reason. It wasn’t long before the boy also began suffering from terrible headaches. In February a 1.7 inch tumour was found in his brain and Conner was set to receive radiation treatments (放射疗法). Before treatments start, technicians make a white plastic mask to keep patients immovable and protect unaffected parts of the brain while radiation is directed at the tumour.
It’s an unpleasant experience and a frightening time. The doctor Cook decided that the masks could at least be made to look like something fun—maybe Batman or Mickey Mouse. “I started thinking these masks are white and not fun at all for kids,” she told The Greenville News. “I felt if we could make the masks a little more fun for them, they might be a little more excited about coming in for treatments. Because the kids are afraid, while the treatment itself isn’t physically painful, it can cause a lot of anxiety. And the treatment is required daily for up to six weeks.”
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
And the masks really make a difference. “The kids really like them,” Cook said. “It makes what is, let’s face it, a terrible experience, a nice one because they get to choose something themselves.”
When new children come in for the treatment, Cook finds out what their favourite movies or cartoon characters are. Then she sets about creating the mask by drawing the image she wants onto paper, sticking it with glue, and once it’s dry, she applies the colours using paints. Each child can take the mask home once the treatment ends.
“Going to the doctor always means fear and pain. I want to make it fun,” she said. “The kids really love it. It’s something they enjoy and can relate to. And it fills an interest I have. I get great pleasure from it.”
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Why was the plastic mask used according to Paragraph 1
A．To check patients’ brain.
B．To reduce patients’ headache.
C．To prevent patients from throwing up.
D．To protect patients’ brain during the treatment.
2．What can we know about the radiation treatment
A．It can be received at home.
B．It has to be finished in a month.
C．It may make the patients feel worried.
D．It will cause huge physical pain for patients.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位医生为接受放射治疗的孩子们准备卡通面罩，从而缓解他们的焦虑的故事。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话中的technicians make a white plastic mask to keep patients immovable and protect unaffected parts of the brain while radiation is directed at the tumour可知，在放射线直接照射肿瘤生长区域时，塑料面罩可以让病人保持不动，并保护其脑部未生长肿瘤的部分。
2．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the kids are afraid, while the treatment itself isn’t physically painful, it can cause a lot of anxiety可知，虽然放射治疗本身并不会给孩子们造成身体上的痛苦，但是孩子们会害怕，治疗过程往往会引起他们的焦虑。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What does Cook do to help the children being treated
A．Offer them some free masks as gifts.
B．Show them their favourite movies or TV shows.
C．Dress them up as cartoon characters.
D．Make the masks more interesting to kids.
4．What does the author want to show by telling this story
A．Love can treat terrible sickness.
B．Kindness can bring warmth and joy.
C．Health matters to everyone.
D．Creativity leads to success.
3．D　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，库克医生准备了特殊的面罩让孩子们觉得更有趣，从而帮助孩子们接受治疗。
答案及解析
4．B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一位医生通过制作卡通面罩来缓解放射治疗过程中孩子们的焦虑情绪的故事，通过医生的礼物，治疗过程不再令人害怕和焦虑。B项“善良可以带来温暖和快乐”符合文章主题。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
Before treatments start, technicians make a white plastic mask to keep patients immovable and protect unaffected parts of the brain while radiation is directed at the tumour.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为technicians make a white plastic mask; Before treatments start为Before引导的时间状语从句；to keep patients immovable and protect unaffected parts of the brain为动词不定式短语的并列结构作目的状语；while radiation is directed at the tumour为while引导的时间状语从句。
句意：在治疗开始前，技术人员会制作一个白色的塑料面罩，在放射线对准肿瘤照射时，该面罩可以让病人保持不动，并保护其脑部未受肿瘤影响的部位。
长难句分析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：议论文 题材：社会现象
Gretchen Altman is smiling, leaning back casually, a cup of coffee in hand—Hills Bros. Coffee, to be precise.It looks like a casual shot, but if you hit like, leave a comment, and tag a friend, you can get three different cups of coffee, for free.
Altman is part of a growing trend of “micro influencers”. She has a small following—around 6,000 on Instagram. She charges $300 to $800 to promote something. She does some posts in exchange for free goods, as long as their stuff she believes in.
As a micro influencer she has a much closer relationship with her followers than a big social media star. “I’m just living a normal life and people relate to that,” she says. “They just feel like I’m a friend of theirs.”
But it worries consumer rights groups. Several recent studies have found that young audiences are largely unable to understand when something is sponsored content.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
In some cases, it’s clear. When a big star takes to social media to advertise Coca Cola, for example, the assumption is that he or she is probably getting paid to do so. And the posts are clearly labelled as ads, with the caption “advertisement” or “sponsored content”．
But what happens when an ordinary person with just several thousand followers takes to social media to praise the virtues of a product The motivations are not so definite. The problem with these social media posts is that you don’t know whether it’s an ad or not.
Altman is diligent in using those hashtags. She loves what she does and sees it as a business, but she doesn’t necessarily want to be a social media celebrity.
“With social media being so integrated into our everyday lives, we have this unique opportunity that I don’t think anyone has ever had before where we can each be our own brand,” Altman says.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What does a micro influencer do according to the passage
A．Give enough likes.
B．Post to promote sales.
C．Recommend some comments.
D．Design advertisements.
2．What makes consumer rights groups feel worried
A．Sponsored content.
B．Ads with captions on posts.
C．The unclear motivations of the posts.
D．The increasingly growing number of audiences.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，文章论述了时下流行的微影响者及其可能引发的问题。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的She charges ?$300 to $800 to promote something. She does some posts in exchange for free goods, as long as their stuff she believes in.可知，微影响者主要是通过发帖来推销，故选B项。
2．C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Several recent studies have found that young audiences are largely unable to understand when something is sponsored content.可知，年轻人多半不能理解什么是赞助内容，也就是说年轻人盲目相信微影响者，再根据下面两段内容可知，有些帖子很明显是广告，但有些帖子发布的动机并不明确，由此可知，消费者权益组织所担心的是帖
子的发布动机不明确的问题。 故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．How does Gretchen Altman feel about being a micro influencer
A．Annoyed. B．Delighted.
C．Ambitious. D．Depressed.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Instagram Advertising: Do You Know It When You See It
B．To Be a Micro influencer or to Be a Big Star
C．We Can Each Be Our Own Top Brand
D．Hills Bros. Coffee, Your Coffee
3．B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可判断出，她很乐意当微影响者。故选B项。
4．A　主旨大意题。本文介绍的是微影响者利用自己在社交平台上的影响力为商家宣传产品这一现象以及其引起的争议。明星宣传某一产品，人们可以辨认出那是广告。然而粉丝无法辨认微影响者在社交媒体上发布的帖子是广告还是纯粹的分享。A项作为文章的标题最为合适。
答案及解析
体裁：记叙文 题材：自然灾害
Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter when he received a call for help from a __1__. The caller told Boyers that her brother and two daughters were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwaters.
The caller __2__ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly and saw the storm clouds. “Ma’am,” he said, “no one will fly in this weather.” However, aware of the danger to __3__ in such bad weather, he __4__ put the brother’s address into his __5__. Soon, he and Among were in the air, __6__ for what they were about to see in Waverly.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
1．A．neighbour B．relative
C．co worker D．stranger
2．A．ordered B．attracted
C．begged D．challenged
3．A．pack B．fly
C．quit D．swim
4．A．immediately B．secretly
C．gradually D．creatively
5．A．card B．pocket
C．computer D．phone
6．A．unprepared B．intended
C．relieved D．recognized
Upon arriving, he found the water below was __7__. People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees. The flooding also __8__ cellphone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the __9__ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began __10__ people on roofs and bridges—anywhere Boyers could __11__ and get them on board. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held on to a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier while both were __12__ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he __13__ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog get on the __14__.
Though the experience was __15__, Boyers admitted it was worth it.　　　
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
7．A．peaceful B．rapid
C．familiar D．clean
8．A．revised B．delivered
C．disconnected D．registered
9．A．house B．tree
C．car D．bridge
10．A．debating with B．adapting to
C．commenting on D．searching for
11．A．land B．rise
C．jump D．look
12．A．training B．exploring
C．experimenting D．struggling
13．A．reserved B．lowered
C．followed D．designed
14．A．home B．school
C．helicopter D．truck
15．A．plain B．awkward
C．adventurous D．formal
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了乔尔·博耶斯和他的妻子梅洛迪·阿蒙不顾危险，驾驶直升机营救被洪水围困的人的故事。
1．D　根据下文The caller told Boyers that her brother and two daughters和“Ma’am,” he said可知，打电话的人是个陌生人。故选D。
2．C　根据上文were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwaters可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此是恳求乔尔·博耶斯去营救他们。故选C。
3．B　根据后文he and Among were in the air可知，他们是驾驶直升机去救援，因此在如此恶劣的条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。
4．A　根据上文However, aware of the danger to ________ in such bad weather可知，虽然知道有危险，但他仍立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选A。
5．D　根据下文Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate可知，博耶斯不能使用他的手机去定位，由此可
知此处指他将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选D。
6．A　根据上文Soon, he and Among were in the air可知，他们匆忙出发，还没有准备好会在韦弗利看
到什么。故选A。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
7．B　根据下文People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees.可知，人们紧紧地抓住固定的东西，由此可知水流很急。故选B。
8．C　根据下文meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate可知，博耶斯无法用手机定位到他要寻找的房子，这是因为洪水切断了手机服务。故选C。
9．A　根据上文were trapped on their roof可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此博耶斯需要定位他们所在的房子。故选A。
10．D　根据上文叙述可知，人们被困在洪水中了，因此博耶斯和阿蒙在搜寻他们。故选D。
11．A　根据下文get them on board可知，博耶斯必须找到着陆的地方，以让被困者到直升机上来。故选A。
12．D　根据上文The teenager held on to a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier可知，这名少年和一只狗被困在洪水中，因此是在水里挣扎。故选D。
13．B　根据下文until it hovered just above the water line可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，博耶斯把直升机降到水位线以上。故选B。
14．C　根据上文he ________ the helicopter until it hovered just above the water line可知，他们登上了直
升机。故选C。
15．C　根据上文aware of the danger可知，这是一次惊险的救人经历。故选C。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
单元限时作业
04
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事
[四川雅安中学2021高二月考]Jon Pedley is making a big change. He is giving up his life as a successful businessman for a life of helping others. He is trading his beautiful farmhouse in England for life in a mud hut in Uganda, East Africa.
Pedley admits that he has not always led a very positive life. At times he drank too much and got in trouble with the law. “I’ve always put the pursuit (追求) of money in front of everything else. As long as I was all right, I didn’t care who I was hurting,” says Pedley.
But a visit to Uganda in 2007 gave Pedley a new outlook (观点) on life. He was amazed at what he saw and how much the people there appreciated the work he was doing. “I worked there for a few days and these people who have nothing thanked me by giving me bags of potatoes, which are a fortune for them,” he said.
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
Now Pedley is selling his business, his $1.5 million farmhouse, and his expensive car—and moving into a hut made of mud and boards in a small Ugandan village. There he will help run an organization that hopes to improve the quality of life for people in the village of Kigazi. He will help to build schoolrooms for children and tanks to hold clean water for villagers. Today, people in Kigazi must walk two miles to a hospital, so Pedley will help to build doctors’ offices, too.
Pedley’s organization will also work with English teenagers who are in trouble. The teens will be sent to a “camp” in Uganda that Pedley will run. The teens will live in mud huts and help to build water, health and education facilities (设备) for kids in Kigazi, many of whom have lost their parents due to poverty or disease. Pedley hopes the teens will see a side of life that might help them turn around their own lives and set them on a new and more positive path.
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1．Which of the following can best describe Pedley’s life in the past
A．Positive.　　　　　 B．Colourful.　　　　　　C．Independent.　　　　D．Selfish.
2．What will Pedley do in the small Ugandan village
A．Grow potatoes with the local people.
B．Teach English in the local school.
C．Assist villagers with construction work. D．Help to attract more tourists to the village.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英格兰的一位百万富翁变卖资产，搬到了乌干达的一个泥屋帮助当地村民的故事。
1．D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的I’ve always put the pursuit of money in front of everything else. As long as I was all right, I didn’t care who I was hurting可知，佩德利以前把金钱放在第一位，从不在意自己伤害到了什么人，由此可知，佩德利以前是一个非常自私的人，故选D项。
2．C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的He will help to build schoolrooms for children and tanks to hold clean water for villagers.可知，他将为孩子们建造教室，为村民建造人工储水箱，由此可知，佩德利将帮助村民们进行建设工作，故选C项。
答案及解析
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3．Why will Pedley work with English teenagers who are in trouble
A．To encourage them to make friends with locals.
B．To encourage them to live a more positive life.
C．To train them to become doctors in the future.
D．To make them learn about different cultures.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．From Being a Millionaire to Living in a Mud Hut B．A Life Changing Adventure
C．A Rich Man Becoming Homeless
D．A Grateful Businessman
3．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Pedley hopes the teens will see a side of life that might help them turn around their own lives and set them on a new and more positive path.可知，佩德利希望这些青少年看到生活的另一面，帮助他们改变自己的生活，让他们走上一条新的、更积极的道路，也就是鼓励他们更加积极地生活，故选B项。
答案及解析
4．A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的He is giving up his life as a successful businessman for a life of helping others. He is trading his beautiful farmhouse in England for life in a mud hut in Uganda, East Africa.可知，本文主要讲述了英格兰的一位百万富翁变卖了资产，搬到了乌干达的一个泥屋帮助当地村民的故事，故选A项。
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
“I worked there for a few days and these people who have nothing thanked me by giving me bags of potatoes, which are a fortune for them,” he said.
句式分析：who have nothing 是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people; which are a fortune for them是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰bags of potatoes。
句意：他说：“我在那里工作了几天，这些一无所有的人给了我几袋土豆以示感谢，那对他们来说是一大笔财富。”
长难句分析
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：社会公益
[全国新高考Ⅰ2022]The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80 year old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
2．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
【语篇导读】本文介绍了一个由慈善机构发起的项目：通过让护理中心的老年人养鸡来降低他们的孤独感，以促进他们的健康。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The project... to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.可知，该项目的目的是减少老年人的孤独感并促进他们的健康。D项中的welfare是wellbeing的同义复现。故选D 项。
2．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的it feels great to have done something useful可看出，露丝认为完成一件有用的事感觉很棒，由此可推断出她从养鸡这一活动中找到了意义并获得了成就感。故选B项。
答案及解析
单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A．Improve. B．Oppose.
C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
4．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received.
B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable.
D．It takes ages to see the results.
3．C　词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段可知，目前有20家护理中心推行了这一养鸡项目，而且慈善机构已获得财政支持，将会把此项目在全国范围内进行推广。倒数第二段中，温迪·威尔逊说人们喜欢这个项目的构思且他们期盼此项目给大家带来益处和乐趣，结合one of the first to embark on the project可知，the first应是指代最早开始推行养鸡项目的那些人。由此可判断embark on在此处意为“开始”，与begin同义。故选C项。
4．A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Residents rea