牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册 语法专项训练课件(共77张PPT)
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册 语法专项训练课件(共77张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 7.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-21 09:48:47 | ||
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(共77张PPT)
专题1 时态和被动语态
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759. [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
formed
句意为：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的80,000件藏品组成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。设空处是谓语动词，根据定语从句中的时间状语in 1759可知，此处叙述过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
2．It ________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________ (construct). [课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
means
句意为：它意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构成的信息。第一个设空处是主句的谓语动词，根据宾语从句中的have可知，此处叙述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是It，所以谓语使用第三人称单数形式means；第二个设空处是介词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词，且construct与从句主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知，此处应使用一般现在时，从句主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。
解析
解析
is constructed
3．In the last five years, Cao ____________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro.[全国甲2022·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在过去五年里，曹晟康已经步行穿越6个大洲的34个国家，2016年他登上了乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据时间状语In the last five years并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为Cao，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填has walked。
4．Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.[全国新高考Ⅱ2022]
句意为：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。分析句子结构可知，设空处作主句谓语。此处考查be doing sth when... 结构，意为“正在做某事，这时……”，同时该句描述的是过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。故填was fixing。
has walked
was fixing
解析
解析
5．It ________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．[全国甲2021·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
was built
句意为：它最初是为了保护唐代的这座都城而建造的，现在已经被完全修复了。分析句子结构可知，设空处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据句意和in the Tang dynasty可知，此处用一般过去时；主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词应为单数形式，故填was built。
6．For her excellent work, so far she __________________ (choose) as the “model teacher” several times.
has been chosen
句意为：因为她工作优秀，到目前为止她已经数次被选为“模范教师”了。句中缺少谓语动词，根据so far可知，本句应用现在完成时；she和choose之间是被动关系，且主语she是第三人称单数，故填has been chosen。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．You can’t help wondering how hard it ________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]
句意为：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放到合适的位置多么困难。分析句子结构可知，从句how hard it ________ for the people then to put all those rocks into place作wondering的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式短语to put all those rocks into place为真正主语，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据then可知，此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was”。
was
8．The authorities commanded that the survivors of the mine accident _____________ (send) to the nearest hospital.
(should) be sent
句意为：官方命令，矿难幸存者要被送往最近的医院。当主句谓语动词为一坚持(insist)、二命令(order, command)、三建议(advise, suggest, recommend)、四要求(demand, require, request, ask)时，其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。survivors与send之间是被动关系，故填(should) be sent。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．He said on the phone that he _________________________ (wait) for me at the school gate when I arrived there.
said后的宾语从句中包含主从复合结构，wait是宾语从句中主句的谓语动词，根据said可知，此处是在过去某一时间来看将来的动作或将来正在进行的动作，所以此处应用过去将来时或过去将来进行时。故填would wait/would be waiting。
would wait/would be waiting
10．The summer holiday ________ (come). My classmates and I _________ (talk) about what to do during the holiday.
is coming
句意为：暑假快到了。我和我的同班同学们正在讨论假期期间做什么。come为瞬间动词，其现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安排要发生的动作，且主语为单数，故第一空填is coming；第二空表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；主语为My classmates and I，be动词应用are，故第二空填are talking。
解析
解析
are talking
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
[湖北恩施州高中教育联盟2022高二期末]It has been reported that many health benefits are associated 1________ green tea consumption, such as lowering blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels, cancer prevention, reducing inflammation (消炎), and weight loss. The principles are multiple, 2________ (large) due to a group of bioactive compounds called catechins 3________ (act) as anti oxidants (抗氧化剂), which are highly concentrated in teas.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的研究表明，茶叶对身体有很多益处，因为茶叶中含有儿茶素，一种生物活性化合物，发挥了抗氧化剂的作用。
2．largely 句意为：其原理是多种多样的，很大程度上是因为一组被称为儿茶素的生物活性化合物发挥了抗氧化剂的作用，这种化合物在茶叶中含量很高。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填largely。
答案及解析
3．acting 句意见上一题解析。本句已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，修饰catechins，act与其为逻辑上的主动
关系，故用现在分词。act as意为“充当；起……的
作用”。
1．with 句意为：据报道，饮用绿茶有许多健康益处，如降低血液中的胆固醇水平、预防癌症、消炎和减肥。be associated with... 为固定搭配，意为“和……有关”。故填with。
Tea research started from green tea, 4________ is believed to be the most natural tea of all. The research has been extended to all other tea 5________ (category), such as white tea, oolong tea, black tea, and Pu’er tea.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
5．categories 句意为：研究已扩展到所有其他茶类，如白茶、乌龙茶、红茶和普洱茶。category意为“种类；类别”，为可数名词，根据空前的all other可知，此处应用复数形式，故填categories。
4．which 句意为：茶的研究始于绿茶，绿茶被认为是所有茶中最天然的茶。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为green tea，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。
答案及解析
As 6________ result, many tea consumers put extensive effort into searching for teas with the highest level of anti oxidants. The truth is that the variation of the anti oxidant levels in different teas 7________ (find) subtle. Lifestyle change and long term consumption yield far 8________ (many) benefits than selecting tea types with the highest anti oxidant levels.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
6．a 句意为：因此，许多喝茶的人花费大量精力寻找抗氧化剂含量最高的茶叶。as a result为固定搭配，意为“因此”。故填a。
7．is found 句意为：事实是，不同茶之间的抗氧化剂水平变化被发现是微小的。根据上文的The truth is可知，从句时态为一般现在时；从句主语中心词为the variation，为单数概念，故谓语用第三人称单数形式；从句主语和动词find之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is found。
8．more 句意为：改变生活方式和长期饮用比选择抗氧化剂水平最高的茶更有益。根据空前的far和空后的than并结合句意可知，此处表示比较含义，应用形容词的比较级。
答案及解析
Tea is a kind of drink in China, with the tradition of medicinal use, long before modern scientists 9________ (discover) and documented its health benefit. Aged white tea was well known and used widely by the locals for treating fever caused by measles (麻疹) 10________ (infect) before the modern antibiotic era. It is now established that white tea is anti inflammatory.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
10．infection 句意为：在现代抗生素时代之前，陈年白茶就为人们所熟知并被当地人广泛用于治疗麻疹感染引起的发烧。measles ________在介词by后作宾语，此处表示“麻疹感染”，应用名词形式。故填infection。
9．discovered 句意为：茶在中国是一种饮品，早在现代科学家发现并记录茶对健康的益处之前，茶就有药用的传统。设空处与documented为before引导的时间状语从句中的并列谓语，根据语境和documented可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填discovered。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin. [课标全国Ⅰ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
touched
句意为：无人探测器“嫦娥四号”——这一名字的灵感源于中国古代的一位月亮女神——上周在(月球的)南极 艾特肯盆地着陆了。设空处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知，此处应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2．The parts of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms. [全国新高考Ⅰ2020]
are called
句意为：博物馆中对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展厅。设空处是句子的谓语动词，与主语The parts of a museum之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语中心词parts为复数，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are called。
解析
解析
3．Gas naturally ________ (have) no recognisable smell.[北京2022]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Gas在此指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
4．If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.[江苏2020·改编]
句意为：如果你从各个方面看这一情况，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。设空处是定语从句中的谓语动词，叙述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，that代替先行词a solution在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填suits。
has
suits
解析
解析
5．The painting which ______________ (exhibit) at the museum at present is so extraordinary that it puts all the others in the shade.[黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中2022高一期末]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
is being exhibited
句意为：目前正在博物馆展出的这幅画非同寻常，以至于使所有其他画黯然失色。分析句子结构可知，设空处在定语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语at present可知，此处表示现阶段正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时；which指代先行词The painting，动词exhibit与从句主语which之间是被动关系， 所以应用被动语态；which为单数概念，故从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is being exhibited。
6．Every student who is to visit the museum together with teachers ________ (be) asked to be at the school gate before 8:30 in the morning.
is
主语后面有“together with＋名词/代词”短语时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，故此句的谓语动词要与Every student在数上保持一致，用第三人称单数形式；由定语从句中的is可知，此处用一般现在时。故填is。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．My father often took me to his hospital when I was off school. He showed me how his medical instruments ________ (use). [全国甲2022·改编]
分析句子结构可知，设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据语境和空前的动词时态可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；从句的主语中心词medical instruments为复数，谓语也应用复数形式，且和use之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
were used
8．The use of those plastics ___________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.[北京2022]
has increased
句意为：自2019年起，那些塑料制品的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中的时间状语since 2019可知，此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has increased。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．The stone under her feet rolled, and as she_______________ (pull) into the river, she called out for help.
句意为：她脚下的石头滚动了，在她即将被拖进河里时，她大声呼救。此处pull的动作是过去正在发生的事，在as引导的时间状语从句中，主语she和pull是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。
was being pulled
10．I want to buy that kind of cloth because I have been told that the cloth ________ (wash) well.
washes
句意为：她脚下的石头滚动了，在她即将被拖进河里时，她大声呼救。此处pull的动作是过去正在发生的事，在as引导的时间状语从句中，主语she和pull是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护
Hidden beneath the ocean waters and often 1________ (call) the “rainforests of the sea”, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, with perhaps one quarter of all ocean species relying on reefs for 2________ (survive). Being home to countless sea 3________ (creature), coral reefs are important ecosystems for coastal people, too. It is estimated 4________ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually, 5________ (provide) food, protection for shorelines, and jobs.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁对海洋生物和沿海人民的重要性，同时指出珊瑚礁正在受到污染、过度捕捞等问题的严重威胁。研究者们正在努力研发超级珊瑚来缓解该问题。
1．called call在此处是非谓语动词作状语，与主语coral reefs之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。
答案及解析
2．survival 此处应用名词作介词for的宾语，表示“生存”，故填survival。
3．creatures creature是可数名词，由空前的countless可知，该空应用名词复数形式，故填creatures。
4．that It is estimated (that)... 意为“据估计……”。________ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually是主语从句，从句的成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that，故填that。
5．providing provide在此处应用非谓语形式作状语，其与逻辑主语coral reefs之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填providing。
Unfortunately, coral species are being 6________ (severe) threatened, many of which 7________ (destroy) by pollution, overfishing, and other impacts over the past centuries. Climate change, which results in rising ocean temperatures and ocean acidification (酸化), 8________ (be) the most pressing threat to coral reefs now. High water temperatures cause corals to lose the algae (海藻) that provide them with food, 9________ makes the corals appear white or bleach (变白) and can increase outbreaks of infectious diseases.
A team of researchers are trying to develop super corals at their research centre at the moment.They began by selecting certain coral species that seem to have adapted to the changing ocean conditions better 10________ others. Hopefully, the super corals will not only survive but thrive in the warmer and increasingly acidic oceans.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．is 此处是主句谓语动词，主句主语Climate change是单数，此处讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。
9．which ________ makes the corals appear white or bleach... 是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面一整句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
10．than 根据better判断此处表示比较含义，应填介词than，better than... 意为“比……好”，故填than。
6．severely 此处修饰谓语are being threatened，应用副词，故填severely。
7．have been destroyed 设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，由下文的over the past centuries判断此处应用现在完成时， 从句主语which指代先行词coral species，和destroy之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语表复数含义，故填have been destroyed。
答案及解析
专题2 非谓语动词
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．Technological innovations, ________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.[江苏2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
combined
句意为：技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将增加这些产品的销量。此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，combine与其逻辑主语Technological innovations之间是被动关系，所以设空处应用过去分词。be combined with... 意为“与……结合/联合”。故填combined。
2．Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.[全国新高考Ⅱ2022]
to see
句意为：过了一会儿，听到外面有孩子们在玩耍，埃里克醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，然后爬上去看他们。根据语境可知，此处为不定式结构作目的状语。故填to see。
解析
解析
3．They (plants, fruits and flowers) represent the earth ________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. [课标全国Ⅱ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：它们(植物、水果和鲜花)代表着大地的复苏和(人们)对新开端的美好祝愿。句中已有谓语动词represent，设空处与the earth构成动名词的复合结构，和best wishes并列作represent的宾语，come与其逻辑主语the earth之间为主动关系，应用动名词，故填coming。
4．But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ________ (astonish).[全国新高考Ⅰ2021]
句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。本句包含“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，设空处作宾补，用来补充说明宾语us的感受，表示人的情感，意为“惊讶的”，应用 ed结尾的形容词。故填astonished。。
coming
astonished
解析
解析
5．They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to care
句意为：它们很容易照顾，也可以作为很好的礼物。此处为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故填to care。
6．This may be due to some disadvantages for people ________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.[浙江2021年1月·改编]
living
句意为：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语may be，此处用非谓语形式作后置定语，live与其逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填living。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains __________ (see) whether they will enjoy it.
句意为：去国外旅行对这对老夫妇来说当然好，但他们是否会喜欢还有待观察。remain在此处意为“留待；仍需去做”，sth remains/remained to be done为固定搭配，故填to be seen。
to be seen
8．______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
Having worked
句意为：史蒂夫已经忙了两天，他设法按时完成了他的报告。根据句子结构可知设空处应填非谓语动词形式，work与其逻辑主语Steve之间为主动关系，且动作发生在句子谓语动词managed之前，应用现在分词的完成式。故填Having worked。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．Do you know Marie Curie was the first woman________ (win) the Nobel Prize
the first, the last, the only, the very, the right等所修饰的名词或代词后常接动词不定式作后置定语，此处the first woman与win之间为逻辑上的主动关系。故填to win。
to win
10．In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.[浙江2021年1月]
studied
句意为：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的国家的城市男性和女性的体重指数高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以设空处用非谓语形式，study与其逻辑主语the countries之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填studied。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：探索宇宙
[广东广州华南师大附中2022高一期中]The first creature 1________ (orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika. She was a good dog. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space 2________ (explore) when scientists wondered 3________ it was lethal (致命的) to living things.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空的探索。
1．to orbit 句意为：第一个绕我们的行星运行的生物才两岁。名词前有first, last等词修饰时，其后常接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to orbit。
答案及解析
2．exploration 句意为：她1957年的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路，当时科学家们想知道太空探索对生物是否致命。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词形式，space exploration表示“太空探索”，为常用表达，故填exploration。
3．whether/if 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句。根据句意可知，此处指“它对生物是否致命”，应用whether或if引导该从句，表示“是否”。
Humans are born explorers. Since the dawn of civilization, we 4________ (attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what’s beyond those trees or mountains or the ocean. Our ability to explore has reached new heights. Airplanes could shorten distances, simplify travel and show us Earth from 5________ new aspect. By the middle of the last century, we aimed even 6________ (high).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
4．have been attracted 句意为：自从人类文明诞生以来，我们被吸引到了天边，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据句意及时间状语的标志词Since可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在；主语we与attract之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；we为复数概念，谓语应用复数形式。故填have been attracted。
5．a 句意为：飞机可以缩短距离，简化旅行，并从一个新的角度向我们展示地球。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“一个新的角度”，为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰；new的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
6．higher 句意为：到上个世纪中叶，我们的目标更高了。根据句意及even可知，此处表示比较含义，应用副词的比较级，表示“更高”，故填higher。
Our first steps into space began. Laika was followed into orbit four years later 7________the first human, Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. Space travel is nothing like that in the movies. Getting from A to B requires complex calculations 8________ (involve) inertia (惯性) and gravity. Space is also dangerous. More than 20 astronauts have died while doing 9________ (they) jobs.
That hasn’t stopped people from signing up and blasting off (发射升空). NASA’s Apollo programme has ended but private companies are readying their own space programmes. A company 10________ (name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
10．named 句意为：一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。本句已有谓语动词is hoping，与设空处无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词
作后置定语，修饰A company，A company与
name之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分
词。故填named。
9．their 分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词jobs。故填their。
8．involving 句意为：从A点到达B点需要复杂的计算，包括惯性和重力。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语requires，此处应填非谓语动词；calculations与involve之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。故填involving。
7．by 句意为：莱卡进入太空4年后，尤里·阿列克谢耶维奇·加加林为第一个人类被送入轨道。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be followed by，表示“被……跟随；在……之后”。故填by。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．With drones’ ability ________ (see) ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast moving trains would be able to react in time.[全国乙2022·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
to see
句意为：由于无人机具有探查前方的能力，它们遇见任何问题都可以发出信号，这样一来，快速行驶的列车就能够及时作出反应。ability to do sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，此处不定式作ability的后置定语。故填to see。
2．His greatest happiness is ________ (climb) up the hill to watch the setting sun.
climbing
句意为：他最大的乐趣就是登上山顶看夕阳。设空处在句中作表语，解释主语的具体内容，应用动名词。故填climbing。
解析
解析
3．________ (complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.[天津2020年5月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：1931年完工的帝国大厦，直到1954年之前一直是最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中已有谓语动词inspired，设空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语，complete与其逻辑主语the Empire State Building之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Completed。
4．Nowadays, more and more people like to hunt for things they want online and have them________ (deliver) by the express company.
句意为：现在，越来越多的人喜欢在网上寻找他们想要的东西，然后由快递公司把它们送来。此处应用非谓语动词在“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构中作宾补，deliver与them (指代things)之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填delivered。
Completed
delivered
解析
解析
5．The firefighters rushed into the building, only ______________ (inform) that a kid set off the alarm by accident.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to be informed
句意为：消防员们冲进大楼，却被告知是一个孩子无意中触发了警报器。“only＋不定式”表示意料之外的结果，inform与其逻辑主语The firefighters之间是被动关系，所以应用不定式的被动式。故填to be informed。
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
动词不定式(短语)与现在分词(短语)作结果状语的用法区别
动词不定式(短语)作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，其前可加only构成only to do结构；现在分词(短语)作结果状语，表示意料之中或自然而然的结果。
易混辨析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
6．It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.[全国甲2021]
to walk
句意为：走完或者骑行完整的14千米是有可能的。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth”，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to walk。
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．______________ (expose) to an English environment is certainly beneficial for English learning.
句意为：处在英语环境中无疑对英语学习有好处。分析句子结构可知，is前的部分为本句主语，表示一般性、经常性动作，应用动名词；且expose为及物动词，在句中没有宾语，应用其被动形式，故填Being exposed。
Being exposed
8．The girl stood there quiet and still, with eyes ________ (fix) on the wall.
fixed
句意为：小女孩一动不动、静静地站在那里，眼睛盯着墙。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，eyes与fix为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填fixed。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．It is believed that today‘s children and teenagers are consuming three times the ___________ (recommend) level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.[全国乙2022·改编]
句意为：人们认为，如今的儿童和青少年的糖摄入量是推荐量的3倍，这使他们处于更高的患病风险中。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词短语level of sugar，recommend与其所修饰的名词短语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填recommended。
recommended
10．When Ruth read the card ________ (attach) to the flowers, she couldn’t help smiling.
attached
句意：当露丝读到附在花上的卡片时，她忍不住笑了。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，修饰名词card，attach和card之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需要用过去分词。故填attached。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：人物介绍
[辽宁沈阳一二〇中学2022高一期末]Qiao Yu is a songwriter who penned timeless classics that 1________ (sing) from generation to generation in China for decades. He wrote more than 1,100 lyrics all his life, many of 2________ are being remembered even today.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名词曲作家乔羽，他创作的经典作品在中国代代相传，流传数十年。
1．have been sung 句意为：乔羽是一名词曲作家，他所写的不朽经典在中国被一代又一代传唱了几十年。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语for decades可知，应用现在完成时，that指代先行词timeless classics，与sing之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为复数，故填have been sung。
答案及解析
2．which 句意为：他一生创作了1,100多首歌词，其中许多至今仍被人铭记。many of ________引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是more than 1,100 lyrics，指物，关系代词位于介词of之后，应用which引导该从句。
Qiao is said to have started his 3________ (enthusiastic) for words from the early age of 4. But it wasn’t 4________ his late teens that he penned his first own poem.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
3．enthusiasm 句意为：据说，乔羽早在4岁时就开始对语言产生浓厚的兴趣。设空处前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，且在句中作宾语，应用名词形式，此处为抽象名词，故填enthusiasm。
4．until 句意为：但直到他十八九岁的时候，他才写了第一首自己的诗。根据语境可知，此处为强调句型，强调时间状语，表示“直到他十八九岁的时候”，故填until。此处为not... until... 的强调句式。
Qiao 5________ (rise) to fame in 1955 after writing Let’s Pull on Our Oars (桨) known to most Chinese children. But Qiao’s greatest hit came in 1956, with “My Motherland” 6________ (become) a patriotic tune in the movie Battle on Shangganling Mountain. “A great river flowing, its waves are wide/Wind blows the scent of flowers to both shores/My family lives on the shore...” says the start of the song.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
6．becoming 句意为：但乔羽最伟大的成就是在1956年，《我的祖国》成为电影《上甘岭》中的一首爱国歌曲。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，句中“My Motherland”后的内容作宾补，“My Motherland”和动词become之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填becoming。
5．rose 句意为：1955年，乔羽在写了为大多数中国孩子所熟知的《让我们荡起双桨》后成名。根据语境和时间状语in 1955可知，此处讲述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。
答案及解析
Genius as these lines now are, 7________ movie director at first asked Qiao to 8________ (clear) spell out the “great river” as the Yangtze itself. “However,” Qiao said, “the ‘great river’ 9________ (refer) to in the lines is always there in front of your home, and the stories and memories along the river make up 10________ it is to make you feel close to your hometown.”
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．referred 句意为：“然而，”乔羽说，“歌词中提到的那条‘大河’总是在你的家门口，而沿着这条河的故事和回忆构成了让你觉得离家乡很近的东西。”refer to为固定搭配，意为“提到”；设空处与the ‘great river’之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填referred。
7．the 句意为：尽管这些歌词现在看来很绝妙，但电影导演一开始要求乔羽把“大河”明确写为长江。此处特指电影《上甘岭》的导演，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
8．clearly 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰动词短语spell out，应用副词，故填clearly。
10．what 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，应用what引导该从句。
答案及解析
专题3 复合句和并列句
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
and
句意为：尽管这是登山途中唯一的人工造景，但它点亮了整个探险之旅，并且让你有地方坐下来，让酸痛的腿歇一歇。分析句子结构可知， highlights与offers为主句的并列谓语，故用并列连词and。
2．China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.[课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
where
句意为：中国必须先把一颗卫星送入月球上方轨道中的一个位置，在那里卫星可以向航天器和地球发送信号。________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth是限制性定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导该从句。
解析
解析
3．After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove. I waited patiently ________ the oil was hot.[课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：在那之后我将油倒入锅中，打开了炉灶。我耐心等待，直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热，应使用until/till引导时间状语从句。
4．________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.[课标全国Ⅲ2020·改编]
句意为：当他问江岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇画家时，他们笑着指向江的下游。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，且从句中动词asked为非延续性动词，不能用while引导时间状语从句，应用when或as。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
until/till
When/As
解析
解析
5．The fact is ________ they went to Shanghai by plane, which accounts for their early arrival.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
that
句意为：事实上，他们是乘飞机去的上海，这就是他们早到的原因。分析句子结构可知，is后是表语从句，从句不缺少任何成分且意义完整，故填that。
6．It is calculated ________ European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance.[全国乙2022·改编]
that
句意为：据计算，欧洲铁路一年仅在维护上就花费了约200亿欧元。It is calculated that... 为固定句式，表示“据计算……”，此句型中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。故填that。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．There was a time ________ girls were not allowed to receive education.
There was a time when... 意为“曾经有一段时间……”，为固定句型，其中 a time是先行词，when是关系副词，引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。
when
8．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.[全国新高考Ⅰ2022]
that
句意为：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫分布区内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并极大改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为species，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词前面有all修饰，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. [浙江2020年7月]
句意为：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。设空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以引导词应为连接代词。根据句意，此处表示“……的东西”，故填what。
what
10．From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about 71% of its surface is covered by water.
because
句意为：从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为大约71%的地球表面被水覆盖。由前面的This is可知设空处引导表语从句，说明原因，故填because。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
The first UN Chinese Language Day at the United Nations 1________ (observe) on Friday at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010. 2________ the world’s most widely spoken language, it seems appropriate that Mandarin (普通话) has one day annually dedicated to it.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。为了庆祝汉语的历史和其对世界的贡献，联合国将每年的4月20日设为联合国中文日。这将鼓励世界各地更多的人学习汉语。
答案及解析
2．As 句意为：作为世界上使用最广泛的语言，每年有一天为普通话举行奉献典礼似乎是合适的。 根据句意可知，设空处表示“作为”，故填As。
1．was observed 句意为：2010年，第一个联合国中文日于周五在纽约联合国总部举行。设空处是谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，根据时间状语in 2010可知，句子用一般过去时，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数，故填was observed。
This 3________ (official) marked day of Mandarin language celebration was set by the United Nations as a way of celebrating the language’s history and 4________ (contribution) to the world. It is hoped that having one day annually 5________ (celebrate) Mandarin will encourage more people around the world to take it up. With China likely to become the 6________ (large) economy in the world, it is important that the wider world becomes more interested in this wonderful language.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
3．officially marked在此处为过去分词作定语，应用副词修饰。故填officially。
4．contributions 此处指汉语对世界作出的多重贡献，故用其复数形式，故填contributions。
5．to celebrate celebrate在此是非谓语动词，由语境可知，此处表目的，故填to celebrate。
6．largest 句意为：随着中国可能成为世界上最大的经济体，更多的人对这门美妙的语言更感兴趣是很重要的。根据空前的the和句意可知，设空处填形容词的最高级，故填largest。
答案及解析
Every year UN Chinese Language Day 7________ (fall) on April 20. A great way to get 8________ (involve) in the celebration is to join a Mandarin class or attend one of the many Confucius Institutes 9________ are set up by China in countries around the world. The number of people learning Chinese is on 10________ increase in China’s neighbouring countries, such as South Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．that/which 分析句子结构可知，设空处填关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词many Confucius Institutes，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
10．the 句意为：在中国的邻国，如韩国、日本和越南，学习汉语的人数正在增加。on the increase是固定搭配，意为“正在增加，不断增长”，故填the。
8．involved 句意为：参加庆祝活动的一个好方法是参加普通话班或去中国在世界各国设立的众多孔子学院中的一所学习。be/get involved in是固定搭配，意为“参与”，故填involved
7．falls 句意为：每年的4月20日是联合国中文日。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，再结合句意可知，此处陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，又因主语是单数形式，故填falls。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.[课标全国Ⅲ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
whose
句意为：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。________ paintings were almost lifelike为定语从句，修饰先行词artist，且引导词在从句中作paintings的定语，故应用关系代词whose。
2．Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely.[浙江2022年1月·改编]
whether/if
句意为：就科布而言，她开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者，她是否可以远程发言。设空处引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，且从句句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“是否”，故填whether/if。
解析
解析
3．____________________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him. [天津2020年5月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：虽然他对她表示同情，但是他几乎无法提供任何实际的帮助。设空处引导从句，逗号前后的语义是转折关系，故用Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。
4．Tom was shocked to realize the two month summer vacation had passed ________ he knew it.
句意为：汤姆震惊地意识到不知不觉中两个月的暑假已经过完了。在realize后面的宾语从句中，谓语用了过去完成时，表示动作发生在设空处所引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词knew的动作之前，所以应用before。
Although/Though/While
before
解析
解析
5．Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
What
句意为：……关于这次经历，令人十分惊叹的地方在于那非凡的景色。设空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，应用what引导，表示“……的地方”。故填What。
6．More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste.That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good for one use.[北京2022]
which
句意为：……那包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数东西只能用一次。分析句子结构可知，most of ________ are only good for one use为“表示部分的词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面的cups, bottles, and bags，指物，故用which引导该从句。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．It was in this park ________ you saw my parents that I found my lost book.
句意为：就是在这个你看见我父母的公园里，我找到了我丢失的书。分析句子结构可知，本句为包含定语从句的强调句， 强调地点状语in this park; ________ you saw my parents为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词this park，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
where
8．When you read a book, you’d better make a mark ________ you have questions.
where
句意为：当你读一本书的时候，最好在有疑问的地方做个标记。________ you have questions为地点状语从句，故填where，表示抽象的地点。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．This is one of the reasons ________ the city attaches great importance to hosting the summit this year.
________ the city attaches great importance to hosting the summit this year是定语从句，修饰先行词reasons，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以应用关系副词why。
why
10．On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.[全国甲2022]
who
句意为：在1,100千米的旅程中，八岁时因车祸失明的男子曹晟康穿越了3个省的40个市县。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the man Cao Shengkang指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：饮食文化
Dumplings are the most essential and popular food for the Winter Solstice, especially in northern China. There is a legend of this 1________ (tradition) food. Zhang Zhongjing, a famous medical scientist at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, found his fellow townsmen 2________ (suffer) from coldness and hunger in winter. More 3________ (severe), many of them had terrible chilblains (冻疮) in the ears. On the winter festival, he cooked food named Jiao Er 4________ a stuffing (填料) of medicine and other ingredients resisting the cold to feed these people, and they recovered soon.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了饺子的历史以及饺子蕴含的寓意。
1．traditional 句意为：有一个关于这个传统食物的传说。此处修饰名词，作定语，应用形容词。故填traditional。
答案及解析
2．suffering suffer在此处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语，这里表达的含义是同乡们正在受冻挨饿，find sb doing sth意为“发现某人正在做某事”。故填suffering。
3．severely 此处修饰整句话，作状语，应用副词形式。故填severely。
4．with 句意为：……他用一种由药物和其他抗寒的食材做成的馅做了一种叫“娇耳”的食物来给这些人吃，他们很快就康复了。由句意可知，此处表示“带有”，故填with。
Nowadays, there are different 5________ (custom) in southern and northern China. As a popular saying goes in northern China that “Have dumplings on the Winter Solstice and noodles on the Summer Solstice.”, dumplings have been 6________ must for this winter festival. If you happen to be in China on the day, go to the restaurant early, 7________ there will be no dumplings left.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．or/otherwise 句意为：如果那天你正好在中国，早点去餐厅，否则饺子就不会有剩余了。由句意可知，设空处表示“否则”，所以用连词or或者副词otherwise，来构成“祈使句，or/otherwise＋表结果的陈述句”这一句型结构。故填or/otherwise。
5．customs custom在此处意为“风俗；习俗”，为可数名词，前有different修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填customs。
6．a 句意为：……饺子已经成为这个冬季节日的一个必需品。must作名词时是可数名词，此处表示泛指含义，且must的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
答案及解析
However, sweet dumplings are 8________ (popular) for locals in southern China. In their mind, the round shape of sweet dumplings 9________ (symbolize) a family reunion.Besides, it is said that in some areas, people also have mutton, noodles or drink winter wine for 10________ (celebrate). These are all hot food to help people keep warm and avoid catching a cold.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．more popular 句意为：但是，在中国南方，甜口的饺子更受当地人欢迎。这里隐含比较级，和上文的北方进行比较。和北方相比，南方人更喜欢甜口的饺子。popular是一个多音节的形容词，所以它的比较级是加more。故填more popular。
9．symbolizes symbolize在此是谓语动词，表达一种客观事实，所以要用一般现在时，主语为the round shape，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填symbolizes。
10．celebration 设空处位于介词后作宾语，应用名词形式。故填celebration。
答案及解析
第3练
03
1．Dr. Rowan, ________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. [天津2020年7月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
whose
句意为：罗恩博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他只能自己做所有的打字工作。本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句，主句为Dr. Rowan has had to do all his own typing，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰secretary，应用whose。
2．A new hospital will be built in ________ used to be a wasteland and a huge shopping mall will also be built nearby.
what
句意为：一家新医院将建在过去是一片荒地的地方，并且在附近还会建一家大型购物中心。介词in后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，所以应用what。
解析
解析
3．The question remains ________ they will be able to help us solve this problem.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：问题还是他们能否帮助我们解决这个难题。remains在此处为不及物动词，意为“仍然存在；尚待(处理)”，设空处引导同位语从句，对question进行解释说明，且根据语境可知此处表示“是否”，故填whether。
4．________ strikes me most in the movie is ________ the boy risks his life to jump into the river to save a little girl.
句意为：在这部电影中最打动我的是那个男孩冒着生命危险跳进河里去救一个小女孩。分析句子结构可知，________ strikes me most in the movie是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“打动我的事物”，应填What; is后的 ________ the boy risks his life to jump into the river to save a little girl是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，应填that。
whether
that
解析
解析
What
5．Please pass me the book, the cover of ________ is yellow and black.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
which
句意为：请将那本封面是黄色和黑色相间的书递给我。先行词the book被“the＋名词＋of which”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰，表示所属关系。the cover of which＝whose cover，故填which。
6．If you’re in a situation ________ you’re not sure what to do, act like you know what to do.
where
句意为：如果你处在不确定要做什么的情境之中，要表现得像你知道该做什么那样。此处 ________ you’re not sure what to do是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a situation，a situation在此表抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。
解析
解析
若先行词为一些抽象地点名词，如situation, point, stage, position等，且关系词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
知识拓展
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．________ is reported in the newspaper, the frequent school bus accidents have caused the whole country’s concern.
设空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容，意为“(正)如……一样”，且句首单词首字母应大写，应用关系代词As。
As
8．My bike was old and shaky ________ did the job.[全国甲2021]
but/yet
句意为：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but或yet连接。故填but/yet。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles.
句意为：5G是一项激动人心的移动通信技术，它将极大地推动智能城市和车辆的发展。5G作为先行词，指事物，定语从句中缺少主语并且其前有逗号，所以不能用that，只能用关系代词which。
which
10．All the photographs in this book, ________ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
unless
句意为：除非另有说明，这本书中所有的图片都可追溯到20世纪50年代。分析句子可知，此处表示“ 除非”，引导条件状语从句；且条件状语从句省略了与主句相同的主语the photographs和系动词are。故填unless。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：体育运动
For 1________ (century) sports have played an important role 2________ our lives and are something that is played all over the world. Whether considered as a career, hobby or a fitness routine, these physical activities are generally taken 3________ (serious) from a young age. A great example is the Olympic Games which are held every four years and show how fans from all over the world come together to support 4________ (they) favourite sports games.
Many sports games have grown in popularity over the years, and today in every part of the world various sports 5________ (follow).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。运动在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色，文章主要介绍了一种很受欢迎的运动——篮球。
1．centuries 句意为：几个世纪以来，运动在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色…… century是可数名词，此处应使用复数形式，for centuries意为“几个世纪以来”，故填centuries。
答案及解析
2．in play an important role in…表示“在……中起重要作用”，此处表示“在我们的生活中”，应使用介词in，故填in。
3．seriously 此处修饰谓语are taken，应使用副词。故填seriously。
4．their 句意为：一个很好的例子就是奥运会，每四年举行一次，展示出来自世界各地的狂热爱好者如何聚到一起来支持他们最喜欢的体育比赛。设空处修饰名词词组sports games，应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
5．are followed follow在此是谓语动词，与主语various sports之间是被动关系，根据today可知，句子应使用一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are followed。
Basketball is one of the most world famous and 6________ (high) paying sports. This ever so popular sport, especially in the USA, is always 7________ makes us excited. Basketball is a sport 8________ (play) by two teams of five players on a rectangular court (矩形球场). The 9________ (intend) is to shoot a ball through the hoop which is high anchored to a backboard at each end. With roughly over one billion fans and its continuous growth of popularity, we can all see why basketball is 10________ fourth most admired sport in the world.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．played 句意为：篮球是由两支各含五名参赛运动员的队伍在矩形球场上进行的一种运动。play在此是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰词sport之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填played。
9．intention 根据定冠词The可知，设空处应使用名词作主语，故填intention。
7．what 句意为：这个曾经如此受欢迎的运动，尤其是在美国，总是令我们激动。________ makes us excited在此是表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，结合句意可知，应用what引导，故填what。
6．highest 句意为：篮球是世界上最著名也是报酬最高的运动之一。根据空前的the most world famous可知，设空处也应使用形容词最高级，与其并列作定语，修饰sports。故填highest。
10．the 句意为：……我们都可以明白为什么篮
球是世界上第四大受赞赏的运动。序数词前需加
定冠词，所以在fourth前加the，故填the。
答案及解析
专题4 短语
必修
第三册
1．Orange trees are more ________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
than
句意为：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品，它们也是好运与财富的象征。more than为固定搭配，意为“不仅仅，不只是”。故填than。
2．Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
with
句意为：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with...为固定搭配，意为“与……相联系，与……有关”。故填with。
解析
解析
3．The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ________ earth, Mother Nature. [课标全国Ⅲ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：这位画家最终在世界上最伟大的画家——大自然母亲面前感到了谦卑。结合语境可知，此处表示“在世界上”，固定短语为on earth。故填on。
4．Museums must compete ________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.[全国新高考Ⅰ 2020]
句意为：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的空闲时间和金钱。compete for…为固定搭配，意为 “竞争……”。故填for。
on
for
解析
解析
5．I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye ________ him.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
on
句意为：我不在儿子身边的时候从不担心他，因为我母亲会照看他。keep an eye on为固定搭配，意为“照看；留意”。
6．For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of a monkey.
in
句意为：在我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。in the shape of...为固定搭配，意为“呈……形状；以……的形式”。故填in
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．The survey shows that 58.8 percent of respondents want to donate used clothing to people________ need.
句意为：调查显示58.8%的受访者想将旧衣服捐给那些生活困难的人。in need为固定搭配，意为“在困难中；在危难中”。故填in。
in
8．Due to the growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel, various types ________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.[全国乙2021·改编]
of
句意为：由于与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅游现在都被归类为生态旅游。various types of... 为固定搭配，意为“各种类型的……”。故填of。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．In 1844 they bought the house ________?$1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.[浙江2021年6月·改编]
句意为：在1844年，他们以1,200美元的价格从查尔斯·德雷瑟手里买了这所房子和一些土地，查尔斯曾在1842年为他们主持结婚典礼。buy sth for some money意为“以……(钱)买某物”，为固定搭配。故填for。
for
10．Each volume in the set explores ________ wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life.[全国新高考Ⅱ2020·改编]
a
句意为：这个系列丛书中的每一卷都探索了广泛的内容，解释了数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。a range of意为“一套；一系列”，为固定搭配。且range前的形容词wide的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
The IMA Blood Bank 1________ (set) up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack 2________ blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文介绍了一家名为“IMA血库”的机构的创立及其在救治病人中所起的作用。
1．was set 设空处是谓语动词，与主语The IMA Blood Bank是被动关系，根据后面的时间状语in 1995可知，动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was set。
答案及解析
2．of lack of 为固定搭配，意为“缺少”。故填of。
Deeply 3________ (move) by the pain and suffering of a child who was being taken to Delhi with a bleeding leg wrapped in plastic, 4________ (simple) because there was no blood bank in Dehradun, Dr Dipak started a movement to create a blood bank by engaging with (建立密切关系) the local community. 5________ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards. Due to the huge voluntary support from the local people, the blood bank has enough blood to function round 6________ clock to serve the local patients.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
3．moved 句子的主干结构是Dr Dipak started a movement，设空处move应用其非谓语动词形式作状语，与主语Dr Dipak是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填moved。
4．simply 修饰because引导的原因状语从句应用副词。故填simply。
5．What ________ began as a small activity在此是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导。 故填What。
6．the round the clock为固定搭配，意为 “昼夜；日夜不停地”。故填the。
7________ (help) more people in India, the IMA Blood Bank has also developed a team to educate the public about blood donation. They are trying to make people understand that donating blood is one of the highest 8________ (form) of charity. It can be donated by almost any adult who is 9________ (health). It is safe to donate every three to six months because blood is recovered very quickly in the body.
Meanwhile, the media play a major role in 10________ (create) a higher level of awareness about blood donation. This will encourage more and more people to donate blood voluntarily.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．healthy 设空处在系动词后作表语，应用形容词。故填healthy。
10．creating 在介词in的后面作宾语应用动名词形式。故填creating。
7．To help 句意为：在印度，为了帮助更多的人，IMA血库还发展了一支队伍来教育公众关于献血(的知识)。此处应用help的非谓语动词形式作目的状语，所以应用动词不定式。故填To help。
8．forms form意为“形式”，是可数名词，在one of 后面的名词要用复数形式。故填forms。
答案及解析
专题1 时态和被动语态
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759. [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
formed
句意为：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的80,000件藏品组成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。设空处是谓语动词，根据定语从句中的时间状语in 1759可知，此处叙述过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
2．It ________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________ (construct). [课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
means
句意为：它意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构成的信息。第一个设空处是主句的谓语动词，根据宾语从句中的have可知，此处叙述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是It，所以谓语使用第三人称单数形式means；第二个设空处是介词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词，且construct与从句主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知，此处应使用一般现在时，从句主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。
解析
解析
is constructed
3．In the last five years, Cao ____________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro.[全国甲2022·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在过去五年里，曹晟康已经步行穿越6个大洲的34个国家，2016年他登上了乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据时间状语In the last five years并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为Cao，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填has walked。
4．Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.[全国新高考Ⅱ2022]
句意为：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。分析句子结构可知，设空处作主句谓语。此处考查be doing sth when... 结构，意为“正在做某事，这时……”，同时该句描述的是过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。故填was fixing。
has walked
was fixing
解析
解析
5．It ________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．[全国甲2021·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
was built
句意为：它最初是为了保护唐代的这座都城而建造的，现在已经被完全修复了。分析句子结构可知，设空处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据句意和in the Tang dynasty可知，此处用一般过去时；主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词应为单数形式，故填was built。
6．For her excellent work, so far she __________________ (choose) as the “model teacher” several times.
has been chosen
句意为：因为她工作优秀，到目前为止她已经数次被选为“模范教师”了。句中缺少谓语动词，根据so far可知，本句应用现在完成时；she和choose之间是被动关系，且主语she是第三人称单数，故填has been chosen。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．You can’t help wondering how hard it ________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]
句意为：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放到合适的位置多么困难。分析句子结构可知，从句how hard it ________ for the people then to put all those rocks into place作wondering的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式短语to put all those rocks into place为真正主语，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据then可知，此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was”。
was
8．The authorities commanded that the survivors of the mine accident _____________ (send) to the nearest hospital.
(should) be sent
句意为：官方命令，矿难幸存者要被送往最近的医院。当主句谓语动词为一坚持(insist)、二命令(order, command)、三建议(advise, suggest, recommend)、四要求(demand, require, request, ask)时，其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。survivors与send之间是被动关系，故填(should) be sent。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．He said on the phone that he _________________________ (wait) for me at the school gate when I arrived there.
said后的宾语从句中包含主从复合结构，wait是宾语从句中主句的谓语动词，根据said可知，此处是在过去某一时间来看将来的动作或将来正在进行的动作，所以此处应用过去将来时或过去将来进行时。故填would wait/would be waiting。
would wait/would be waiting
10．The summer holiday ________ (come). My classmates and I _________ (talk) about what to do during the holiday.
is coming
句意为：暑假快到了。我和我的同班同学们正在讨论假期期间做什么。come为瞬间动词，其现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安排要发生的动作，且主语为单数，故第一空填is coming；第二空表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；主语为My classmates and I，be动词应用are，故第二空填are talking。
解析
解析
are talking
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
[湖北恩施州高中教育联盟2022高二期末]It has been reported that many health benefits are associated 1________ green tea consumption, such as lowering blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels, cancer prevention, reducing inflammation (消炎), and weight loss. The principles are multiple, 2________ (large) due to a group of bioactive compounds called catechins 3________ (act) as anti oxidants (抗氧化剂), which are highly concentrated in teas.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的研究表明，茶叶对身体有很多益处，因为茶叶中含有儿茶素，一种生物活性化合物，发挥了抗氧化剂的作用。
2．largely 句意为：其原理是多种多样的，很大程度上是因为一组被称为儿茶素的生物活性化合物发挥了抗氧化剂的作用，这种化合物在茶叶中含量很高。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填largely。
答案及解析
3．acting 句意见上一题解析。本句已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，修饰catechins，act与其为逻辑上的主动
关系，故用现在分词。act as意为“充当；起……的
作用”。
1．with 句意为：据报道，饮用绿茶有许多健康益处，如降低血液中的胆固醇水平、预防癌症、消炎和减肥。be associated with... 为固定搭配，意为“和……有关”。故填with。
Tea research started from green tea, 4________ is believed to be the most natural tea of all. The research has been extended to all other tea 5________ (category), such as white tea, oolong tea, black tea, and Pu’er tea.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
5．categories 句意为：研究已扩展到所有其他茶类，如白茶、乌龙茶、红茶和普洱茶。category意为“种类；类别”，为可数名词，根据空前的all other可知，此处应用复数形式，故填categories。
4．which 句意为：茶的研究始于绿茶，绿茶被认为是所有茶中最天然的茶。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为green tea，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。
答案及解析
As 6________ result, many tea consumers put extensive effort into searching for teas with the highest level of anti oxidants. The truth is that the variation of the anti oxidant levels in different teas 7________ (find) subtle. Lifestyle change and long term consumption yield far 8________ (many) benefits than selecting tea types with the highest anti oxidant levels.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
6．a 句意为：因此，许多喝茶的人花费大量精力寻找抗氧化剂含量最高的茶叶。as a result为固定搭配，意为“因此”。故填a。
7．is found 句意为：事实是，不同茶之间的抗氧化剂水平变化被发现是微小的。根据上文的The truth is可知，从句时态为一般现在时；从句主语中心词为the variation，为单数概念，故谓语用第三人称单数形式；从句主语和动词find之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is found。
8．more 句意为：改变生活方式和长期饮用比选择抗氧化剂水平最高的茶更有益。根据空前的far和空后的than并结合句意可知，此处表示比较含义，应用形容词的比较级。
答案及解析
Tea is a kind of drink in China, with the tradition of medicinal use, long before modern scientists 9________ (discover) and documented its health benefit. Aged white tea was well known and used widely by the locals for treating fever caused by measles (麻疹) 10________ (infect) before the modern antibiotic era. It is now established that white tea is anti inflammatory.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
10．infection 句意为：在现代抗生素时代之前，陈年白茶就为人们所熟知并被当地人广泛用于治疗麻疹感染引起的发烧。measles ________在介词by后作宾语，此处表示“麻疹感染”，应用名词形式。故填infection。
9．discovered 句意为：茶在中国是一种饮品，早在现代科学家发现并记录茶对健康的益处之前，茶就有药用的传统。设空处与documented为before引导的时间状语从句中的并列谓语，根据语境和documented可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填discovered。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin. [课标全国Ⅰ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
touched
句意为：无人探测器“嫦娥四号”——这一名字的灵感源于中国古代的一位月亮女神——上周在(月球的)南极 艾特肯盆地着陆了。设空处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知，此处应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2．The parts of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms. [全国新高考Ⅰ2020]
are called
句意为：博物馆中对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展厅。设空处是句子的谓语动词，与主语The parts of a museum之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语中心词parts为复数，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are called。
解析
解析
3．Gas naturally ________ (have) no recognisable smell.[北京2022]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Gas在此指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
4．If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.[江苏2020·改编]
句意为：如果你从各个方面看这一情况，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。设空处是定语从句中的谓语动词，叙述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，that代替先行词a solution在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填suits。
has
suits
解析
解析
5．The painting which ______________ (exhibit) at the museum at present is so extraordinary that it puts all the others in the shade.[黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中2022高一期末]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
is being exhibited
句意为：目前正在博物馆展出的这幅画非同寻常，以至于使所有其他画黯然失色。分析句子结构可知，设空处在定语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语at present可知，此处表示现阶段正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时；which指代先行词The painting，动词exhibit与从句主语which之间是被动关系， 所以应用被动语态；which为单数概念，故从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is being exhibited。
6．Every student who is to visit the museum together with teachers ________ (be) asked to be at the school gate before 8:30 in the morning.
is
主语后面有“together with＋名词/代词”短语时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，故此句的谓语动词要与Every student在数上保持一致，用第三人称单数形式；由定语从句中的is可知，此处用一般现在时。故填is。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．My father often took me to his hospital when I was off school. He showed me how his medical instruments ________ (use). [全国甲2022·改编]
分析句子结构可知，设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据语境和空前的动词时态可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；从句的主语中心词medical instruments为复数，谓语也应用复数形式，且和use之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
were used
8．The use of those plastics ___________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.[北京2022]
has increased
句意为：自2019年起，那些塑料制品的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中的时间状语since 2019可知，此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has increased。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．The stone under her feet rolled, and as she_______________ (pull) into the river, she called out for help.
句意为：她脚下的石头滚动了，在她即将被拖进河里时，她大声呼救。此处pull的动作是过去正在发生的事，在as引导的时间状语从句中，主语she和pull是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。
was being pulled
10．I want to buy that kind of cloth because I have been told that the cloth ________ (wash) well.
washes
句意为：她脚下的石头滚动了，在她即将被拖进河里时，她大声呼救。此处pull的动作是过去正在发生的事，在as引导的时间状语从句中，主语she和pull是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护
Hidden beneath the ocean waters and often 1________ (call) the “rainforests of the sea”, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, with perhaps one quarter of all ocean species relying on reefs for 2________ (survive). Being home to countless sea 3________ (creature), coral reefs are important ecosystems for coastal people, too. It is estimated 4________ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually, 5________ (provide) food, protection for shorelines, and jobs.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁对海洋生物和沿海人民的重要性，同时指出珊瑚礁正在受到污染、过度捕捞等问题的严重威胁。研究者们正在努力研发超级珊瑚来缓解该问题。
1．called call在此处是非谓语动词作状语，与主语coral reefs之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。
答案及解析
2．survival 此处应用名词作介词for的宾语，表示“生存”，故填survival。
3．creatures creature是可数名词，由空前的countless可知，该空应用名词复数形式，故填creatures。
4．that It is estimated (that)... 意为“据估计……”。________ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually是主语从句，从句的成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that，故填that。
5．providing provide在此处应用非谓语形式作状语，其与逻辑主语coral reefs之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填providing。
Unfortunately, coral species are being 6________ (severe) threatened, many of which 7________ (destroy) by pollution, overfishing, and other impacts over the past centuries. Climate change, which results in rising ocean temperatures and ocean acidification (酸化), 8________ (be) the most pressing threat to coral reefs now. High water temperatures cause corals to lose the algae (海藻) that provide them with food, 9________ makes the corals appear white or bleach (变白) and can increase outbreaks of infectious diseases.
A team of researchers are trying to develop super corals at their research centre at the moment.They began by selecting certain coral species that seem to have adapted to the changing ocean conditions better 10________ others. Hopefully, the super corals will not only survive but thrive in the warmer and increasingly acidic oceans.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．is 此处是主句谓语动词，主句主语Climate change是单数，此处讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。
9．which ________ makes the corals appear white or bleach... 是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面一整句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
10．than 根据better判断此处表示比较含义，应填介词than，better than... 意为“比……好”，故填than。
6．severely 此处修饰谓语are being threatened，应用副词，故填severely。
7．have been destroyed 设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，由下文的over the past centuries判断此处应用现在完成时， 从句主语which指代先行词coral species，和destroy之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语表复数含义，故填have been destroyed。
答案及解析
专题2 非谓语动词
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．Technological innovations, ________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.[江苏2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
combined
句意为：技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将增加这些产品的销量。此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，combine与其逻辑主语Technological innovations之间是被动关系，所以设空处应用过去分词。be combined with... 意为“与……结合/联合”。故填combined。
2．Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.[全国新高考Ⅱ2022]
to see
句意为：过了一会儿，听到外面有孩子们在玩耍，埃里克醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，然后爬上去看他们。根据语境可知，此处为不定式结构作目的状语。故填to see。
解析
解析
3．They (plants, fruits and flowers) represent the earth ________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. [课标全国Ⅱ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：它们(植物、水果和鲜花)代表着大地的复苏和(人们)对新开端的美好祝愿。句中已有谓语动词represent，设空处与the earth构成动名词的复合结构，和best wishes并列作represent的宾语，come与其逻辑主语the earth之间为主动关系，应用动名词，故填coming。
4．But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ________ (astonish).[全国新高考Ⅰ2021]
句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。本句包含“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，设空处作宾补，用来补充说明宾语us的感受，表示人的情感，意为“惊讶的”，应用 ed结尾的形容词。故填astonished。。
coming
astonished
解析
解析
5．They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to care
句意为：它们很容易照顾，也可以作为很好的礼物。此处为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故填to care。
6．This may be due to some disadvantages for people ________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.[浙江2021年1月·改编]
living
句意为：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语may be，此处用非谓语形式作后置定语，live与其逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填living。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains __________ (see) whether they will enjoy it.
句意为：去国外旅行对这对老夫妇来说当然好，但他们是否会喜欢还有待观察。remain在此处意为“留待；仍需去做”，sth remains/remained to be done为固定搭配，故填to be seen。
to be seen
8．______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
Having worked
句意为：史蒂夫已经忙了两天，他设法按时完成了他的报告。根据句子结构可知设空处应填非谓语动词形式，work与其逻辑主语Steve之间为主动关系，且动作发生在句子谓语动词managed之前，应用现在分词的完成式。故填Having worked。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．Do you know Marie Curie was the first woman________ (win) the Nobel Prize
the first, the last, the only, the very, the right等所修饰的名词或代词后常接动词不定式作后置定语，此处the first woman与win之间为逻辑上的主动关系。故填to win。
to win
10．In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.[浙江2021年1月]
studied
句意为：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的国家的城市男性和女性的体重指数高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以设空处用非谓语形式，study与其逻辑主语the countries之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填studied。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：探索宇宙
[广东广州华南师大附中2022高一期中]The first creature 1________ (orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika. She was a good dog. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space 2________ (explore) when scientists wondered 3________ it was lethal (致命的) to living things.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空的探索。
1．to orbit 句意为：第一个绕我们的行星运行的生物才两岁。名词前有first, last等词修饰时，其后常接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to orbit。
答案及解析
2．exploration 句意为：她1957年的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路，当时科学家们想知道太空探索对生物是否致命。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词形式，space exploration表示“太空探索”，为常用表达，故填exploration。
3．whether/if 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句。根据句意可知，此处指“它对生物是否致命”，应用whether或if引导该从句，表示“是否”。
Humans are born explorers. Since the dawn of civilization, we 4________ (attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what’s beyond those trees or mountains or the ocean. Our ability to explore has reached new heights. Airplanes could shorten distances, simplify travel and show us Earth from 5________ new aspect. By the middle of the last century, we aimed even 6________ (high).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
4．have been attracted 句意为：自从人类文明诞生以来，我们被吸引到了天边，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据句意及时间状语的标志词Since可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在；主语we与attract之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；we为复数概念，谓语应用复数形式。故填have been attracted。
5．a 句意为：飞机可以缩短距离，简化旅行，并从一个新的角度向我们展示地球。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“一个新的角度”，为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰；new的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
6．higher 句意为：到上个世纪中叶，我们的目标更高了。根据句意及even可知，此处表示比较含义，应用副词的比较级，表示“更高”，故填higher。
Our first steps into space began. Laika was followed into orbit four years later 7________the first human, Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. Space travel is nothing like that in the movies. Getting from A to B requires complex calculations 8________ (involve) inertia (惯性) and gravity. Space is also dangerous. More than 20 astronauts have died while doing 9________ (they) jobs.
That hasn’t stopped people from signing up and blasting off (发射升空). NASA’s Apollo programme has ended but private companies are readying their own space programmes. A company 10________ (name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
10．named 句意为：一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。本句已有谓语动词is hoping，与设空处无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词
作后置定语，修饰A company，A company与
name之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分
词。故填named。
9．their 分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词jobs。故填their。
8．involving 句意为：从A点到达B点需要复杂的计算，包括惯性和重力。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语requires，此处应填非谓语动词；calculations与involve之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。故填involving。
7．by 句意为：莱卡进入太空4年后，尤里·阿列克谢耶维奇·加加林为第一个人类被送入轨道。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be followed by，表示“被……跟随；在……之后”。故填by。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．With drones’ ability ________ (see) ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast moving trains would be able to react in time.[全国乙2022·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
to see
句意为：由于无人机具有探查前方的能力，它们遇见任何问题都可以发出信号，这样一来，快速行驶的列车就能够及时作出反应。ability to do sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，此处不定式作ability的后置定语。故填to see。
2．His greatest happiness is ________ (climb) up the hill to watch the setting sun.
climbing
句意为：他最大的乐趣就是登上山顶看夕阳。设空处在句中作表语，解释主语的具体内容，应用动名词。故填climbing。
解析
解析
3．________ (complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.[天津2020年5月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：1931年完工的帝国大厦，直到1954年之前一直是最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中已有谓语动词inspired，设空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语，complete与其逻辑主语the Empire State Building之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Completed。
4．Nowadays, more and more people like to hunt for things they want online and have them________ (deliver) by the express company.
句意为：现在，越来越多的人喜欢在网上寻找他们想要的东西，然后由快递公司把它们送来。此处应用非谓语动词在“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构中作宾补，deliver与them (指代things)之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填delivered。
Completed
delivered
解析
解析
5．The firefighters rushed into the building, only ______________ (inform) that a kid set off the alarm by accident.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
to be informed
句意为：消防员们冲进大楼，却被告知是一个孩子无意中触发了警报器。“only＋不定式”表示意料之外的结果，inform与其逻辑主语The firefighters之间是被动关系，所以应用不定式的被动式。故填to be informed。
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
动词不定式(短语)与现在分词(短语)作结果状语的用法区别
动词不定式(短语)作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，其前可加only构成only to do结构；现在分词(短语)作结果状语，表示意料之中或自然而然的结果。
易混辨析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
6．It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.[全国甲2021]
to walk
句意为：走完或者骑行完整的14千米是有可能的。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth”，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to walk。
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．______________ (expose) to an English environment is certainly beneficial for English learning.
句意为：处在英语环境中无疑对英语学习有好处。分析句子结构可知，is前的部分为本句主语，表示一般性、经常性动作，应用动名词；且expose为及物动词，在句中没有宾语，应用其被动形式，故填Being exposed。
Being exposed
8．The girl stood there quiet and still, with eyes ________ (fix) on the wall.
fixed
句意为：小女孩一动不动、静静地站在那里，眼睛盯着墙。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，eyes与fix为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填fixed。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．It is believed that today‘s children and teenagers are consuming three times the ___________ (recommend) level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.[全国乙2022·改编]
句意为：人们认为，如今的儿童和青少年的糖摄入量是推荐量的3倍，这使他们处于更高的患病风险中。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词短语level of sugar，recommend与其所修饰的名词短语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填recommended。
recommended
10．When Ruth read the card ________ (attach) to the flowers, she couldn’t help smiling.
attached
句意：当露丝读到附在花上的卡片时，她忍不住笑了。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，修饰名词card，attach和card之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需要用过去分词。故填attached。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：人物介绍
[辽宁沈阳一二〇中学2022高一期末]Qiao Yu is a songwriter who penned timeless classics that 1________ (sing) from generation to generation in China for decades. He wrote more than 1,100 lyrics all his life, many of 2________ are being remembered even today.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名词曲作家乔羽，他创作的经典作品在中国代代相传，流传数十年。
1．have been sung 句意为：乔羽是一名词曲作家，他所写的不朽经典在中国被一代又一代传唱了几十年。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语for decades可知，应用现在完成时，that指代先行词timeless classics，与sing之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为复数，故填have been sung。
答案及解析
2．which 句意为：他一生创作了1,100多首歌词，其中许多至今仍被人铭记。many of ________引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是more than 1,100 lyrics，指物，关系代词位于介词of之后，应用which引导该从句。
Qiao is said to have started his 3________ (enthusiastic) for words from the early age of 4. But it wasn’t 4________ his late teens that he penned his first own poem.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
3．enthusiasm 句意为：据说，乔羽早在4岁时就开始对语言产生浓厚的兴趣。设空处前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，且在句中作宾语，应用名词形式，此处为抽象名词，故填enthusiasm。
4．until 句意为：但直到他十八九岁的时候，他才写了第一首自己的诗。根据语境可知，此处为强调句型，强调时间状语，表示“直到他十八九岁的时候”，故填until。此处为not... until... 的强调句式。
Qiao 5________ (rise) to fame in 1955 after writing Let’s Pull on Our Oars (桨) known to most Chinese children. But Qiao’s greatest hit came in 1956, with “My Motherland” 6________ (become) a patriotic tune in the movie Battle on Shangganling Mountain. “A great river flowing, its waves are wide/Wind blows the scent of flowers to both shores/My family lives on the shore...” says the start of the song.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
6．becoming 句意为：但乔羽最伟大的成就是在1956年，《我的祖国》成为电影《上甘岭》中的一首爱国歌曲。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，句中“My Motherland”后的内容作宾补，“My Motherland”和动词become之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填becoming。
5．rose 句意为：1955年，乔羽在写了为大多数中国孩子所熟知的《让我们荡起双桨》后成名。根据语境和时间状语in 1955可知，此处讲述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。
答案及解析
Genius as these lines now are, 7________ movie director at first asked Qiao to 8________ (clear) spell out the “great river” as the Yangtze itself. “However,” Qiao said, “the ‘great river’ 9________ (refer) to in the lines is always there in front of your home, and the stories and memories along the river make up 10________ it is to make you feel close to your hometown.”
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．referred 句意为：“然而，”乔羽说，“歌词中提到的那条‘大河’总是在你的家门口，而沿着这条河的故事和回忆构成了让你觉得离家乡很近的东西。”refer to为固定搭配，意为“提到”；设空处与the ‘great river’之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填referred。
7．the 句意为：尽管这些歌词现在看来很绝妙，但电影导演一开始要求乔羽把“大河”明确写为长江。此处特指电影《上甘岭》的导演，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
8．clearly 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰动词短语spell out，应用副词，故填clearly。
10．what 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，应用what引导该从句。
答案及解析
专题3 复合句和并列句
必修
第三册
第1练
01
1．Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
and
句意为：尽管这是登山途中唯一的人工造景，但它点亮了整个探险之旅，并且让你有地方坐下来，让酸痛的腿歇一歇。分析句子结构可知， highlights与offers为主句的并列谓语，故用并列连词and。
2．China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.[课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
where
句意为：中国必须先把一颗卫星送入月球上方轨道中的一个位置，在那里卫星可以向航天器和地球发送信号。________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth是限制性定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导该从句。
解析
解析
3．After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove. I waited patiently ________ the oil was hot.[课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：在那之后我将油倒入锅中，打开了炉灶。我耐心等待，直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热，应使用until/till引导时间状语从句。
4．________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.[课标全国Ⅲ2020·改编]
句意为：当他问江岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇画家时，他们笑着指向江的下游。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，且从句中动词asked为非延续性动词，不能用while引导时间状语从句，应用when或as。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
until/till
When/As
解析
解析
5．The fact is ________ they went to Shanghai by plane, which accounts for their early arrival.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
that
句意为：事实上，他们是乘飞机去的上海，这就是他们早到的原因。分析句子结构可知，is后是表语从句，从句不缺少任何成分且意义完整，故填that。
6．It is calculated ________ European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance.[全国乙2022·改编]
that
句意为：据计算，欧洲铁路一年仅在维护上就花费了约200亿欧元。It is calculated that... 为固定句式，表示“据计算……”，此句型中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。故填that。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．There was a time ________ girls were not allowed to receive education.
There was a time when... 意为“曾经有一段时间……”，为固定句型，其中 a time是先行词，when是关系副词，引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。
when
8．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.[全国新高考Ⅰ2022]
that
句意为：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫分布区内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并极大改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为species，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词前面有all修饰，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. [浙江2020年7月]
句意为：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。设空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以引导词应为连接代词。根据句意，此处表示“……的东西”，故填what。
what
10．From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about 71% of its surface is covered by water.
because
句意为：从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为大约71%的地球表面被水覆盖。由前面的This is可知设空处引导表语从句，说明原因，故填because。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
The first UN Chinese Language Day at the United Nations 1________ (observe) on Friday at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010. 2________ the world’s most widely spoken language, it seems appropriate that Mandarin (普通话) has one day annually dedicated to it.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。为了庆祝汉语的历史和其对世界的贡献，联合国将每年的4月20日设为联合国中文日。这将鼓励世界各地更多的人学习汉语。
答案及解析
2．As 句意为：作为世界上使用最广泛的语言，每年有一天为普通话举行奉献典礼似乎是合适的。 根据句意可知，设空处表示“作为”，故填As。
1．was observed 句意为：2010年，第一个联合国中文日于周五在纽约联合国总部举行。设空处是谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，根据时间状语in 2010可知，句子用一般过去时，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数，故填was observed。
This 3________ (official) marked day of Mandarin language celebration was set by the United Nations as a way of celebrating the language’s history and 4________ (contribution) to the world. It is hoped that having one day annually 5________ (celebrate) Mandarin will encourage more people around the world to take it up. With China likely to become the 6________ (large) economy in the world, it is important that the wider world becomes more interested in this wonderful language.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
3．officially marked在此处为过去分词作定语，应用副词修饰。故填officially。
4．contributions 此处指汉语对世界作出的多重贡献，故用其复数形式，故填contributions。
5．to celebrate celebrate在此是非谓语动词，由语境可知，此处表目的，故填to celebrate。
6．largest 句意为：随着中国可能成为世界上最大的经济体，更多的人对这门美妙的语言更感兴趣是很重要的。根据空前的the和句意可知，设空处填形容词的最高级，故填largest。
答案及解析
Every year UN Chinese Language Day 7________ (fall) on April 20. A great way to get 8________ (involve) in the celebration is to join a Mandarin class or attend one of the many Confucius Institutes 9________ are set up by China in countries around the world. The number of people learning Chinese is on 10________ increase in China’s neighbouring countries, such as South Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．that/which 分析句子结构可知，设空处填关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词many Confucius Institutes，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
10．the 句意为：在中国的邻国，如韩国、日本和越南，学习汉语的人数正在增加。on the increase是固定搭配，意为“正在增加，不断增长”，故填the。
8．involved 句意为：参加庆祝活动的一个好方法是参加普通话班或去中国在世界各国设立的众多孔子学院中的一所学习。be/get involved in是固定搭配，意为“参与”，故填involved
7．falls 句意为：每年的4月20日是联合国中文日。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，再结合句意可知，此处陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，又因主语是单数形式，故填falls。
答案及解析
第2练
02
1．In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.[课标全国Ⅲ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
whose
句意为：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。________ paintings were almost lifelike为定语从句，修饰先行词artist，且引导词在从句中作paintings的定语，故应用关系代词whose。
2．Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely.[浙江2022年1月·改编]
whether/if
句意为：就科布而言，她开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者，她是否可以远程发言。设空处引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，且从句句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“是否”，故填whether/if。
解析
解析
3．____________________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him. [天津2020年5月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：虽然他对她表示同情，但是他几乎无法提供任何实际的帮助。设空处引导从句，逗号前后的语义是转折关系，故用Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。
4．Tom was shocked to realize the two month summer vacation had passed ________ he knew it.
句意为：汤姆震惊地意识到不知不觉中两个月的暑假已经过完了。在realize后面的宾语从句中，谓语用了过去完成时，表示动作发生在设空处所引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词knew的动作之前，所以应用before。
Although/Though/While
before
解析
解析
5．Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
What
句意为：……关于这次经历，令人十分惊叹的地方在于那非凡的景色。设空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，应用what引导，表示“……的地方”。故填What。
6．More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste.That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good for one use.[北京2022]
which
句意为：……那包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数东西只能用一次。分析句子结构可知，most of ________ are only good for one use为“表示部分的词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面的cups, bottles, and bags，指物，故用which引导该从句。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．It was in this park ________ you saw my parents that I found my lost book.
句意为：就是在这个你看见我父母的公园里，我找到了我丢失的书。分析句子结构可知，本句为包含定语从句的强调句， 强调地点状语in this park; ________ you saw my parents为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词this park，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
where
8．When you read a book, you’d better make a mark ________ you have questions.
where
句意为：当你读一本书的时候，最好在有疑问的地方做个标记。________ you have questions为地点状语从句，故填where，表示抽象的地点。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．This is one of the reasons ________ the city attaches great importance to hosting the summit this year.
________ the city attaches great importance to hosting the summit this year是定语从句，修饰先行词reasons，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以应用关系副词why。
why
10．On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.[全国甲2022]
who
句意为：在1,100千米的旅程中，八岁时因车祸失明的男子曹晟康穿越了3个省的40个市县。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the man Cao Shengkang指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：饮食文化
Dumplings are the most essential and popular food for the Winter Solstice, especially in northern China. There is a legend of this 1________ (tradition) food. Zhang Zhongjing, a famous medical scientist at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, found his fellow townsmen 2________ (suffer) from coldness and hunger in winter. More 3________ (severe), many of them had terrible chilblains (冻疮) in the ears. On the winter festival, he cooked food named Jiao Er 4________ a stuffing (填料) of medicine and other ingredients resisting the cold to feed these people, and they recovered soon.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了饺子的历史以及饺子蕴含的寓意。
1．traditional 句意为：有一个关于这个传统食物的传说。此处修饰名词，作定语，应用形容词。故填traditional。
答案及解析
2．suffering suffer在此处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语，这里表达的含义是同乡们正在受冻挨饿，find sb doing sth意为“发现某人正在做某事”。故填suffering。
3．severely 此处修饰整句话，作状语，应用副词形式。故填severely。
4．with 句意为：……他用一种由药物和其他抗寒的食材做成的馅做了一种叫“娇耳”的食物来给这些人吃，他们很快就康复了。由句意可知，此处表示“带有”，故填with。
Nowadays, there are different 5________ (custom) in southern and northern China. As a popular saying goes in northern China that “Have dumplings on the Winter Solstice and noodles on the Summer Solstice.”, dumplings have been 6________ must for this winter festival. If you happen to be in China on the day, go to the restaurant early, 7________ there will be no dumplings left.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．or/otherwise 句意为：如果那天你正好在中国，早点去餐厅，否则饺子就不会有剩余了。由句意可知，设空处表示“否则”，所以用连词or或者副词otherwise，来构成“祈使句，or/otherwise＋表结果的陈述句”这一句型结构。故填or/otherwise。
5．customs custom在此处意为“风俗；习俗”，为可数名词，前有different修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填customs。
6．a 句意为：……饺子已经成为这个冬季节日的一个必需品。must作名词时是可数名词，此处表示泛指含义，且must的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
答案及解析
However, sweet dumplings are 8________ (popular) for locals in southern China. In their mind, the round shape of sweet dumplings 9________ (symbolize) a family reunion.Besides, it is said that in some areas, people also have mutton, noodles or drink winter wine for 10________ (celebrate). These are all hot food to help people keep warm and avoid catching a cold.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．more popular 句意为：但是，在中国南方，甜口的饺子更受当地人欢迎。这里隐含比较级，和上文的北方进行比较。和北方相比，南方人更喜欢甜口的饺子。popular是一个多音节的形容词，所以它的比较级是加more。故填more popular。
9．symbolizes symbolize在此是谓语动词，表达一种客观事实，所以要用一般现在时，主语为the round shape，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填symbolizes。
10．celebration 设空处位于介词后作宾语，应用名词形式。故填celebration。
答案及解析
第3练
03
1．Dr. Rowan, ________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. [天津2020年7月·改编]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
whose
句意为：罗恩博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他只能自己做所有的打字工作。本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句，主句为Dr. Rowan has had to do all his own typing，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰secretary，应用whose。
2．A new hospital will be built in ________ used to be a wasteland and a huge shopping mall will also be built nearby.
what
句意为：一家新医院将建在过去是一片荒地的地方，并且在附近还会建一家大型购物中心。介词in后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，所以应用what。
解析
解析
3．The question remains ________ they will be able to help us solve this problem.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：问题还是他们能否帮助我们解决这个难题。remains在此处为不及物动词，意为“仍然存在；尚待(处理)”，设空处引导同位语从句，对question进行解释说明，且根据语境可知此处表示“是否”，故填whether。
4．________ strikes me most in the movie is ________ the boy risks his life to jump into the river to save a little girl.
句意为：在这部电影中最打动我的是那个男孩冒着生命危险跳进河里去救一个小女孩。分析句子结构可知，________ strikes me most in the movie是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“打动我的事物”，应填What; is后的 ________ the boy risks his life to jump into the river to save a little girl是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，应填that。
whether
that
解析
解析
What
5．Please pass me the book, the cover of ________ is yellow and black.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
which
句意为：请将那本封面是黄色和黑色相间的书递给我。先行词the book被“the＋名词＋of which”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰，表示所属关系。the cover of which＝whose cover，故填which。
6．If you’re in a situation ________ you’re not sure what to do, act like you know what to do.
where
句意为：如果你处在不确定要做什么的情境之中，要表现得像你知道该做什么那样。此处 ________ you’re not sure what to do是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a situation，a situation在此表抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。
解析
解析
若先行词为一些抽象地点名词，如situation, point, stage, position等，且关系词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
知识拓展
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．________ is reported in the newspaper, the frequent school bus accidents have caused the whole country’s concern.
设空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容，意为“(正)如……一样”，且句首单词首字母应大写，应用关系代词As。
As
8．My bike was old and shaky ________ did the job.[全国甲2021]
but/yet
句意为：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but或yet连接。故填but/yet。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles.
句意为：5G是一项激动人心的移动通信技术，它将极大地推动智能城市和车辆的发展。5G作为先行词，指事物，定语从句中缺少主语并且其前有逗号，所以不能用that，只能用关系代词which。
which
10．All the photographs in this book, ________ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
unless
句意为：除非另有说明，这本书中所有的图片都可追溯到20世纪50年代。分析句子可知，此处表示“ 除非”，引导条件状语从句；且条件状语从句省略了与主句相同的主语the photographs和系动词are。故填unless。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：体育运动
For 1________ (century) sports have played an important role 2________ our lives and are something that is played all over the world. Whether considered as a career, hobby or a fitness routine, these physical activities are generally taken 3________ (serious) from a young age. A great example is the Olympic Games which are held every four years and show how fans from all over the world come together to support 4________ (they) favourite sports games.
Many sports games have grown in popularity over the years, and today in every part of the world various sports 5________ (follow).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。运动在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色，文章主要介绍了一种很受欢迎的运动——篮球。
1．centuries 句意为：几个世纪以来，运动在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色…… century是可数名词，此处应使用复数形式，for centuries意为“几个世纪以来”，故填centuries。
答案及解析
2．in play an important role in…表示“在……中起重要作用”，此处表示“在我们的生活中”，应使用介词in，故填in。
3．seriously 此处修饰谓语are taken，应使用副词。故填seriously。
4．their 句意为：一个很好的例子就是奥运会，每四年举行一次，展示出来自世界各地的狂热爱好者如何聚到一起来支持他们最喜欢的体育比赛。设空处修饰名词词组sports games，应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
5．are followed follow在此是谓语动词，与主语various sports之间是被动关系，根据today可知，句子应使用一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are followed。
Basketball is one of the most world famous and 6________ (high) paying sports. This ever so popular sport, especially in the USA, is always 7________ makes us excited. Basketball is a sport 8________ (play) by two teams of five players on a rectangular court (矩形球场). The 9________ (intend) is to shoot a ball through the hoop which is high anchored to a backboard at each end. With roughly over one billion fans and its continuous growth of popularity, we can all see why basketball is 10________ fourth most admired sport in the world.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．played 句意为：篮球是由两支各含五名参赛运动员的队伍在矩形球场上进行的一种运动。play在此是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰词sport之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填played。
9．intention 根据定冠词The可知，设空处应使用名词作主语，故填intention。
7．what 句意为：这个曾经如此受欢迎的运动，尤其是在美国，总是令我们激动。________ makes us excited在此是表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，结合句意可知，应用what引导，故填what。
6．highest 句意为：篮球是世界上最著名也是报酬最高的运动之一。根据空前的the most world famous可知，设空处也应使用形容词最高级，与其并列作定语，修饰sports。故填highest。
10．the 句意为：……我们都可以明白为什么篮
球是世界上第四大受赞赏的运动。序数词前需加
定冠词，所以在fourth前加the，故填the。
答案及解析
专题4 短语
必修
第三册
1．Orange trees are more ________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
than
句意为：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品，它们也是好运与财富的象征。more than为固定搭配，意为“不仅仅，不只是”。故填than。
2．Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home.[课标全国Ⅱ2020]
with
句意为：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with...为固定搭配，意为“与……相联系，与……有关”。故填with。
解析
解析
3．The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ________ earth, Mother Nature. [课标全国Ⅲ2020]
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：这位画家最终在世界上最伟大的画家——大自然母亲面前感到了谦卑。结合语境可知，此处表示“在世界上”，固定短语为on earth。故填on。
4．Museums must compete ________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.[全国新高考Ⅰ 2020]
句意为：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的空闲时间和金钱。compete for…为固定搭配，意为 “竞争……”。故填for。
on
for
解析
解析
5．I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye ________ him.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
on
句意为：我不在儿子身边的时候从不担心他，因为我母亲会照看他。keep an eye on为固定搭配，意为“照看；留意”。
6．For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of a monkey.
in
句意为：在我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。in the shape of...为固定搭配，意为“呈……形状；以……的形式”。故填in
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．The survey shows that 58.8 percent of respondents want to donate used clothing to people________ need.
句意为：调查显示58.8%的受访者想将旧衣服捐给那些生活困难的人。in need为固定搭配，意为“在困难中；在危难中”。故填in。
in
8．Due to the growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel, various types ________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.[全国乙2021·改编]
of
句意为：由于与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅游现在都被归类为生态旅游。various types of... 为固定搭配，意为“各种类型的……”。故填of。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．In 1844 they bought the house ________?$1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.[浙江2021年6月·改编]
句意为：在1844年，他们以1,200美元的价格从查尔斯·德雷瑟手里买了这所房子和一些土地，查尔斯曾在1842年为他们主持结婚典礼。buy sth for some money意为“以……(钱)买某物”，为固定搭配。故填for。
for
10．Each volume in the set explores ________ wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life.[全国新高考Ⅱ2020·改编]
a
句意为：这个系列丛书中的每一卷都探索了广泛的内容，解释了数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。a range of意为“一套；一系列”，为固定搭配。且range前的形容词wide的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
The IMA Blood Bank 1________ (set) up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack 2________ blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文介绍了一家名为“IMA血库”的机构的创立及其在救治病人中所起的作用。
1．was set 设空处是谓语动词，与主语The IMA Blood Bank是被动关系，根据后面的时间状语in 1995可知，动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was set。
答案及解析
2．of lack of 为固定搭配，意为“缺少”。故填of。
Deeply 3________ (move) by the pain and suffering of a child who was being taken to Delhi with a bleeding leg wrapped in plastic, 4________ (simple) because there was no blood bank in Dehradun, Dr Dipak started a movement to create a blood bank by engaging with (建立密切关系) the local community. 5________ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards. Due to the huge voluntary support from the local people, the blood bank has enough blood to function round 6________ clock to serve the local patients.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
3．moved 句子的主干结构是Dr Dipak started a movement，设空处move应用其非谓语动词形式作状语，与主语Dr Dipak是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填moved。
4．simply 修饰because引导的原因状语从句应用副词。故填simply。
5．What ________ began as a small activity在此是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导。 故填What。
6．the round the clock为固定搭配，意为 “昼夜；日夜不停地”。故填the。
7________ (help) more people in India, the IMA Blood Bank has also developed a team to educate the public about blood donation. They are trying to make people understand that donating blood is one of the highest 8________ (form) of charity. It can be donated by almost any adult who is 9________ (health). It is safe to donate every three to six months because blood is recovered very quickly in the body.
Meanwhile, the media play a major role in 10________ (create) a higher level of awareness about blood donation. This will encourage more and more people to donate blood voluntarily.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．healthy 设空处在系动词后作表语，应用形容词。故填healthy。
10．creating 在介词in的后面作宾语应用动名词形式。故填creating。
7．To help 句意为：在印度，为了帮助更多的人，IMA血库还发展了一支队伍来教育公众关于献血(的知识)。此处应用help的非谓语动词形式作目的状语，所以应用动词不定式。故填To help。
8．forms form意为“形式”，是可数名词，在one of 后面的名词要用复数形式。故填forms。
答案及解析
同课章节目录
- Unit 1 Nature in the balance
- Welcome to the unit
- Reading
- Grammar and usage
- Integrated skills
- Extended reading
- Project
- Unit 2 Natural disasters
- Welcome to the unit
- Reading
- Grammar and usage
- Integrated skills
- Extended reading
- Project
- Unit 3 The world online
- Welcome to the unit
- Reading
- Grammar and usage
- Integrated skills
- Extended reading
- Project
- Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
- Welcome to the unit
- Reading
- Grammar and usage
- Integrated skills
- Extended reading
- Project