外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope单元习题课件(共52张PPT)

(共52张PPT)
Unit 6　Disaster and hope
必修
第三册
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
01
1.The traffic things not only affect our everyday life but may also ________ (threat) people’s lives.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
threaten
句意为：交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活,还可能威胁到人们的生命。此处位于情态动词may之后,应用动词原形。故填threaten。
2.Pliny had witnessed a terrible volcanic ________ (erupt) as a young man.
eruption
句意为：普利尼年轻时目睹过一次可怕的火山喷发。设空处作宾语,其前有冠词a及形容词terrible和volcanic修饰,应用名词形式。
解析
解析
3.Wild applause broke out when the waiting crowd heard the ____________ (announce) of the arrival of the leader at their community.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：等候的人群听到那位领导人来到他们社区的宣告时,爆发出热烈的掌声。设空处作heard的宾语,其前有定冠词the修饰,且指“一次宣告”,应用名词单数形式。
4.My uncle is a ________ (rely) man. If he promises to do something, he is sure to do it.
句意为：我的叔叔是一个可靠的人。他许诺做的事,一定会做到。设空处作定语,修饰名词man,表示“可靠的”,应用形容词形式。
announcement
reliable
解析
解析
5.The new regulation will apply to everyone without _________ (except).
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
exception
句意为：这条新规定将无一例外地适用于每个人。设空处前有介词without,应用名词形式。without exception为固定短语,意为“无一例外”。
6.All of ________ sudden, the lights went out. The room was in total darkness.
a
句意为：突然,灯都熄灭了。房间里一片漆黑。all of a sudden为固定短语,意为“突然”。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7.He gives you his full attention ___________ (immediate) you begin to speak.
句意为：你一开始讲话,他就会全神贯注地听。设空处引导时间状语从句,应用immediately,意为“一……就……”,在此用作连词。
immediately
8.Some parents want to shelter their kids ________ every kind of danger, real or imagined.
from
句意为：一些家长想要替孩子挡住所有的危险,不管是真实的还是想象的。shelter sb from sth意为“保护/庇护某人免遭……”,为固定搭配。
解析
解析
9.It was ________ midnight that my elder brother came back from work,tired and exhausted.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
at
10.The details of both plans have yet ______________ (inform).
to be informed
句意为：我哥哥是在午夜时分下班回来的,疲惫不堪。 at midnight意为“在半夜”,为固定短语。本句中,It was… that… 是强调句式。
句意为：两个计划的详细情况都还未被告知。have yet to do sth为固定短语,意为“还没有做某事”；根据语境可知,此处表示“未被告知”,表被动,故设空处应用被动形式。故填to be informed。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
11.Communicating with the old can be challenging, especially ________ considering the fact that their abilities are falling.
句意为：和老年人交流可能具有挑战性,尤其当考虑到他们的能力正在下降这一事实时。especially后为时间状语从句的省略结构,结合句意可知,此处表示“当……的时候”,故填when。
when
12.I ______________ (telephone) Jane when someone knocked at the door.
was telephoning
句意为：我正在给简打电话,这时候有人敲门。be doing… when… 为固定句型,意为“正在做……这时……”；when引导的时间状语从句的时态为一般过去时,故主句应用过去进行时,且主语为I, be动词应用was。故填was telephoning。
解析
解析
________ ________ ________ ________ the Chinese set off fireworks during the Spring Festival.
1.我突然想到我可以用我的学生卡买到五折的展览会入场券。(occur)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
2.中国人习惯在春节期间燃放烟花。(typical)
________ ________ ________ ________ ________I could buy the admission ticket to the exhibition at the discount of 50% with my student card.
It is typical that
It occurred to me that
It occurs/occurred to sb that… 意为“某人突然想到……”,为固定句型。
解析
4.一到达茶馆,外国学生们就被各种茶杯和茶壶所吸引。(on doing)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
________ ________ the teahouse, foreign students are fascinated by various teacups and teapots.
On reaching
3.据宣布,只有在大火被控制后居民才被允许返回家中。(announce)
________ ________ ________ ________ only when the big fire was under control would the residents be permitted ________ ________ to their homes.
It was announced that
on/upon doing… 意为“一……就……”。
解析
to return　
________ ________, you can use these reference books.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
5.如果有必要的话,你可以用这些参考书。(省略)
If necessary　
体裁：记叙文　 题材：环境与生活
I work in a tall, glass building in London and go to work by underground.
Today, the temperature 1________ (expect) to reach 30 plus degrees, 2________ is unusual for London. How awful I feel with no air conditioning on the train! The inside temperature of the train can reach 35 degrees! In 3________ crowd of passengers, I feel as if the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one! I feel a little sick with bacon and eggs for breakfast, 4________ (hope) I can make it 5________ Bank station.
On the train, I can’t help 6________ (imagine) the solution to the weather problem. Should I sell my flat in exchange for a boat Should I move my office to the top floor
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.is expected　
答案及解析
2.which　设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面一句话,在从句中作主语,故用which引导该从句。
3.a　a crowd of… 意为“一大群,许多”,为固定短语。
4.hoping　句中已有谓语动词feel,且与设空处之间无连词连接,设空处应用非谓语动词形式；hope与主句主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。
5.to　make it to… 意为“成功到达……”,为固定短语。
6.imagining　can’t help doing sth意
为“情不自禁做某事”,为固定搭配。
Most 7________ (important), should I learn to swim That’s what ensures my 8________ (survive) when the tall buildings are flooded.
In the newspaper, I learn that more natural disasters are sweeping the whole world—a hurricane in Asia, landslides 9________ (cause) by heavy rain in Eastern Europe, forest fires across Southern Europe… All are due to climate change.
“The next station is…” The announcement wakes me up. Maybe, I 10________ (worry) too much since getting on the underground. After all, it’s only 30 degrees outside!
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
9.caused　________ by heavy rain在句中作后置定语,修饰landslides；cause与landslides之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式。
8.survival　设空处作ensures的宾语,且其前有形容词性物主代词my修饰,应用名词形式。
9.have been worrying　设空在此处作谓语,此处表示“自从上地铁一直在担心”,应用现在完成时。
7.importantly　Most ________ 在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,设空处应用副词形式。
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然
Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water 1________ (use) on coastal farms. As a result, farmers are 2________ (gradual) unable to use fields close to the sea.
However, Mare Van Rijsselberghe, a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a 3________ (mix) of sea and fresh water 4________ (grow) healthy and tasty vegetables.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.used　句意为：这增加了沿海农场使用的淡水中的盐含量。设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,use与所修饰词fresh water之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词。 故填used。
2.gradually　修饰are unable to应用副词。故填gradually。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了气候变化使海平面上升,对海岸附近的种植业产生了影响,但荷兰的一位农民利用这种条件种出了美味的蔬菜。
答案及解析
3.mixture　句意为：……荷兰的一位农民正使用一种海水和淡水的混合物来种植健康美味的蔬菜。设空处前有不定冠词a修饰,空后有of sea and fresh water修饰,故应用名词形式。故填mixture。
4.to grow　根据句意可知,此处应是非谓语动词作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to grow。
He teamed up with scientists from the Free University of Amsterdam and divided a farm 5________ eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and 6________ computer program created water with eight levels of salinity (含盐度).
The water levels and the levels of salinity were controlled by computerised measuring devices called “sensors”. Mr Van Rijsselberghe said he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight test areas.He said the vegetables were smaller than 7________ grown in fresh water but they also had more sugar and salt, so they tasted much 8________ (good).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
5.into　divide… into… 为固定搭配,意为“把……分成……”。故填into。
6.a　program是可数名词,此处泛指一个电脑程序,所以应用不定冠词。故填a。
7.those　句意为：他说,这些蔬菜比在淡水中生长的蔬菜要小…… 为避免重复,此处应用代词指代前面的the vegetables,又因为the vegetables是复数形式,故填those。
8.better　句意为：……但是它们也含有更多的糖和盐,所以这些蔬菜的味道尝起来更好。此处与在淡水中种植的蔬菜相比,所以应用比较级。故填better。
He found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables with the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr Van Rijsselberghe said four kinds of these potatoes would be sent to Pakistan 9________ thousands of hectares of land 10________ (damage) by salinisation (盐化作用) last year.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9.where　________ thousands of hectares of land ________ by salinisation last year是定语从句,修饰先行词Pakistan,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词。故填where。
10.was damaged　分析句子成分可知,设空处在此是定语从句中的谓语动词,与主语之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语last year可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为单数。故填was damaged。
　Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
02
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：自然环境
[河北定州2021高一期中]Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part of sea life and sustain itself by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and long time coral bleaching (白化) events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.
In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted for having the largest coral reef system in the world.
“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places—the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish.Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they’re looking for a place to settle,” said Steve Simpson, one of the study’s co authors and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.
By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. “These returning fish are crucial to coral reefs to function
as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick start natural recovery
processes, preventing the damage we’re seeing on many coral reefs around the world,” said lead author,
Tim Gordon.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1.What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching
A.Diverse species.
B.Noise pollution.
C.Fishing industry.
D.Climbing temperatures.
2.What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs
A.Removing damaged coral reefs.
B.Using loudspeakers to keep fish away.
C.Building new homes for sea species. D.Playing certain sounds to appeal to fish.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由气候变化带来的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件。为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统,科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器,让珊瑚礁听起来更健康,从而能够吸引鱼类。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and long time coral bleaching events可知,气温攀升是导致珊瑚白化的原因。故选D项。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick starting
the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their
dependent life forms.可知,科学家们采用播放某些
声音来吸引鱼的方法来恢复珊瑚礁。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3.Why are Steve Simpson’s words quoted
A.To provide some findings of the study.
B.To show the progress of the experiment.
C.To explain reasons for the new approach.
D.To give another solution to the problem.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.The attempts are in vain.
B.Natural recovery is impossible.
C.Initial success has been achieved.
D.The coral reefs have returned to normal.
3.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places和Young fish concentrate on these sounds可知,鱼类在寻找定居点时会注重声音,所以科学家采用播放声音的方式来吸引鱼类。引用史蒂夫·辛普森的话是为了解释采用播放声音吸引鱼类这一新方法的原因。故选C项。
答案及解析
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played.可知,这一新方法取得了初步成功。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：森林大火
The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA. Australia’s capital, Canberra, was enveloped in a smoky haze and the air quality at midday was measured 10 times the usual dangerous limit. The damaging fires have killed at least 24 people in Australia and destroyed almost 2,000 homes. “The early start of Australia’s summer wildfires, fed by drought and the country’s hottest and driest year on record, has also been catastrophic (灾难性的) for the country’s wildlife, likely killing nearly 500 million birds, reptiles and mammals in New South Wales alone,” Chris Dickman, ecologist at the University of Sydney, told The Sydney Morning Herald.
Under such extreme conditions, the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems, including fire generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes. Thousands of firefighters continued to fight against the flames that have burnt millions of acres in New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia, an area twice the size of Maryland. In New South Wales, the Rural Fire Service said as of Sunday there were 150 fires active in the state, and 64 of them uncontrolled.
On Saturday, the then Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced that, for the first time in Australian history, 3,000 army, navy and air force reservists (预备役军人) will battle against the fires. He also committed $14 million to hiring fire fighting aircraft from overseas. On Sunday, cooler temperatures and lighter winds brought some relief to threatened communities, a day after thousands of people were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney. Thousands of firefighters fought to contain the fires, but many fires continued to burn out of control, threatening
to wipe out rural townships and causing almost incalculable damage to property and wildlife.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1.What does the underlined phrase “fed by” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Be given food by someone.
B.Be strengthened by something.
C.Be destroyed by something.
D.In the control of something.
2.Why were there thunderstorms and tornadoes
A.The fires generated thunderstorms and tornadoes.
B.There was rainy weather.
C.The fires generated enough heat to create extreme weather.
D.The weather systems are easy to change.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了席卷澳大利亚的大火给当地造成了巨大的损失。此外,文中还介绍了其带来的后果和政府采取的应对措施。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的The early start of Australia’s summer wildfires, fed by drought and the country’s hottest and driest year on record, has also been catastrophic for the country’s wildlife可知,fed by后给出的是干旱和高温干燥两个气候因素。根据常识可知,这些因素会助长火势,由此可推断,B项“被某物加强”与fed by的意思相近。故选B项。
答案及解析
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Under such extreme conditions, the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems, including fire generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes.可知,在如此极端的条件下,大火已经产生了足够的热量来形成自己的天气
系统,包括由大火引起的雷暴和火焰龙卷风。由此
可知,大火产生的热量催生了一些极端天气。故选
C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Many soldiers will fight against the fires as they have done before.
B.Fires were controlled due to cooler temperatures and lighter winds.
C.A lot of people moved out of the suburban areas.
D.The damage to property and wildlife is limited.
4.What would be the best title for this passage
A.Australia’s Destructive Wildfires
B.Soldiers Fought Against the Fires
C.Wildlife Died From the Fires
D.Australia’s Wildfires Were Under Control
3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的thousands of people were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney可知,由于受到大火威胁,悉尼郊区的人们已经被迫撤离了。C项中的moved out与文章中的escape相呼应。故选C项。
答案及解析
4.A　主旨大意题。第一段第一句The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA.(在美国国家航空航天局最新公布的卫星图像中,可以从太空中看到破坏澳大利亚部分地区的森林大火)引出文章主题,下文都是围绕这场给澳大利亚造成巨大破坏的大火展开,故A项“澳大利亚毁灭性的大火”最适合作为本文标题。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
Find Ways to Respond to a Major Disaster
When natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated (协调的) disaster relief and recovery. __1__
Volunteer
To take a hands on approach to disaster recovery, volunteer your time and talents. You can travel to the affected regions to provide support. __2__ It is recommended that you volunteer through one of the professional organisations for your safety and your skills can be put to good use.
Donate money
Disaster victims often have lost their homes or need to relocate. In many cases, your money is just as valuable as your physical presence in helping with relief efforts. Many organisations provide temporary housing, food and other items for victims. __3__ Some organisations have been criticised for how donated funds have been allocated (分配).
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
Donate blood
If you can’t travel and don’t feel comfortable giving money, a need for donated blood always exists. The Red Cross and local medical organisations manage blood supplies that are important to disaster victims. Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment. __4__
__5__
Goods are valuable in stricken areas. Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas. It is the best to allow the professional organisations to coordinate these donation efforts and see that the needed supplies reach a location where they will be best used for recovery.
A.Send needed items
B.Make preparations
C.Or look out for a blood drive in your area.
D.A lot of people are skilful at organising local response.
E.Whether disaster has occurred at home or abroad, you can help.
F.Before giving, though, make sure you trust the organisation receiving your money.
G.And you can do everything from providing first aid to rebuilding homes in these areas.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要给出了帮助救灾和灾后恢复的一些建议。
1.E　根据设空处前的句子可知,当自然灾害发生时,总需要人们协调好进行救援,且下文给出了四个帮助救灾的建议,故E项(不管灾害发生在国内还是国外,你都可以帮上忙)承上启下,符合语境。
2.G　本部分的建议是做志愿工作。根据设空处前一句可知,你可以到受灾地区提供帮助,由此推测设空处应介绍可以做的具体的志愿工作。故G项(在这些地区,你可以做任何事情,从提供急救到重建家园)符合语境。
3.F　根据设空处后一句可知,一些组织也曾因捐赠资金如何分配受到指责,可知F项(然而,在捐钱之前,你要确保你信任接收你捐款的组织)符合语境。空后一句所述内容是F项所述内容的原因。
4.C　设空处前两句句意为：红十字会和当地的医疗组织管理着对受灾者很重要的血液供给。给红十字会打电话约个时间(献血)。因此设空处可能是其他与献血有关的建议。由此可知,C项(或者留意一下你所在地区的献血活动)符合语境。
5.A　根据设空处的位置可知,设空处为下文内容的小标题,起到统领下一段的作用。从下文可知,物品
对于灾区也很重要,你也可以为灾区捐献物资。由此可知,A项(送些必需品)符合语境。
答案及解析
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历
We had a tornado (龙卷风) touchdown near the school, and as expected, we took emergency precautions. It was a day we never wanted to happen, but __1__ prepared for throughout the school year. I wasn’t even in the classroom when it happened.I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help __2__ items for a project. When the alarm started __3__, I immediately took my student’s hand and __4__ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never had I imagined needing to put our tornado __5__ to use. I never imagined actually needing to __6__ my students up against the wall, and have them crouch down (蹲下) with their knees and heads touching the ground, hands on the backs of their heads.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
1.A.hardly B.continually
C.safely D.suddenly
2.A.buy B.deliver
C.gather D.swap
3.A.coming about B.blowing down
C.sending up D.going off
4.A.called B.ran
C.drove D.stepped
5.A.drills B.warnings
C.events D.details
6.A.get B.put
C.line D.set
Their hearts were __7__ so fast that they couldn’t catch their breath, and the __8__ filled their eyes looking up at me as they asked if their families and friends were going to be okay.
In the midst of the very __9__ and dangerous situation, my students __10__ themselves with the attitudes and mindsets of children much __11__ than them. Never in my life had I seen my students __12__ directions so quickly without hesitation. Even though some tears __13__ down, my students were brave. They had such a firm __14__ in my assistant and me that they were able to be 100% calm.They were brave beyond their __15__ today and for that, I am very proud.
Right now, I look back on the day and I am thankful for our safety, courage, and bravery.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
7.A.beating B.jumping
C.driving D.striking
8.A.courage B.fear
C.hope D.disaster
9.A.vivid B.unique
C.frightening D.practical
10.A.enjoyed B.handled
C.provided D.injured
11.A.older B.smarter
C.healthier D.luckier
12.A.announce B.describe
C.recite D.follow
13.A.looked B.lay
C.rolled D.turned
14.A.purpose B.interest
C.belief D.progress
15.A.abilities B.grades
C.memories D.years
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了龙卷风在作者学校附近登陆,他们采取了紧急避险措施。虽然学生们都很害怕,但是他们都表现出超出年纪的勇敢和冷静。回顾那一天,作者对大家的安全、勇气和勇敢而充满欣慰。
1.B　根据前文as expected和后文prepared for throughout the school year可知,作者他们整个学年都在不断地(continually)为应对龙卷风做准备。故选B项。
2.C　结合后文items for a project可知,作者当时正带一个学生去工作间帮忙为一个项目收集物品。故选C项。
3.D　根据前文the alarm started可知,此处指警报开始响起。come about意为“发生”；blow down意为“吹倒”；send up意为“使(价值)上升”；go off意为“(警报器)发出响声”。故选D项。
4.B　结合后文as fast as I could back to the classroom可知,龙卷风来袭,作者应是以最快速度跑回教室的。故选B项。
5.A　结合前文prepared for it throughout the school year可知,作者的学校一直在为应对龙卷风做准备,此处表示他们之前应对龙卷风的演练派上了用场。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6.C　根据后文my students up against the wall可知,作者让学生靠墙排成一排。line up意为“(使)排成行”。故选C项。
7.A　根据后文they couldn’t catch their breath可知,学生们非常紧张,所以此处指学生们心跳加速。beat意为“(心脏)跳动”； jump意为“跳跃”；drive意为“驾驶”；strike意为“击打”。故选A项。
8.B　根据常识和前文they couldn’t catch their breath可知,龙卷风来袭,学生们肯定都是很恐惧的。故选B项。
9.C　结合后文and dangerous situation可知,此处指恐怖和危险的情况。vivid意为“生动的”；unique意为“独特的”；frightening意为“吓人的”；practical意为“实际的”。故选C项。
10.B　结合后文with the attitudes and mindsets of children much ________ than them可知,此处指学生们可以用成熟的态度和心态来应对龙卷风。handle oneself意为“应对”。故选B项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
11.A　根据后文than them可知,此处表示学生们以比他们年龄大很多的孩子的态度和心态去面对危机。倒数第二段中的They were brave beyond their ________ 也是提示。故选A项。　
12.D　根据前文作者让学生们蹲下、手抱在头后以及后文directions可知,此处指学生们遵从指示。follow directions意为“遵从指示”。故选D项。
13.C　结合前文some tears可知,此处指眼泪滚落下来。roll down意为“(眼泪)滚落”。故选C项。
14.C　结合前文学生们都很冷静勇敢,听从老师和助手的指示可知,他们很信任作者及其助手。purpose意为“目的”；interest意为“兴趣”；belief意为“信任”；progress意为“进展”。故选C项。
15.D　根据前文They were brave beyond their可知,作者认为学生们表现出了超出年龄的勇敢,对学生们的表现感到骄傲。故选D项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
　Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
03
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：环境保护
[北京师大附中2022高一期末]Afroz Shah, a lawyer in Mumbai, hasn’t had a weekend off in four years. But he hasn’t spent this time preparing for court. His mission is to save the world’s oceans from plastic pollution.
It’s a calling he found in 2015 after moving to a community in Mumbai called Versova Beach. He had played there as a child and was upset to see how much it had changed. The sand was no longer visible because it was covered by a layer of garbage more than five feet thick—most of it was plastic waste. The unsightly (难看的) mess Shah had stumbled upon is part of a global environmental crisis. It’s predicted that by 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the ocean.
In October 2015, Shah began picking up trash from the beach every Sunday morning. At first, it was just him and a neighbour, and then he began recruiting others to join in.Word spread and with the help of social media, more volunteers got involved. He’s now spent 209 weekends dedicating to this mission, inspiring more than 200,000 volunteers to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach clean up. By October 2018, Versova Beach was finally clean and Shah’s clean up expanded to another beach, as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and other regions of India. So far, the movement has cleared more than 60 million pounds of garbage—mostly plastic waste—from Mumbai’s beaches and waterways.
While he continues to work as a lawyer during the week, Shah now devotes nearly all of his free time to this cause. He also works with coastal communities to tackle plastic pollution at one of the sources. In areas
lacking sufficient waste management systems, Shah and his volunteers educate and assist villagers in
reducing, managing, and recycling their plastic waste.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1.What has kept Shah busy at weekends over the four years
A.Handling legal cases.
B.Cleaning up the beach.
C.Swimming in the ocean.
D.Fishing on the coast.
2.Why was Shah upset after moving to Versova Beach
A.The beach no longer existed.
B.The community was in a mess.
C.Many fish in the ocean were killed.
D.There was severe plastic pollution.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孟买的一位律师从2015年开始每个周末在海滩清理垃圾,并带动了周围的人共同参与这一环保活动。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的His mission is to save the world’s oceans from plastic pollution.以及第三段中的In October 2015, Shah began picking up trash from the beach every Sunday morning.可知,四年以来沙阿周末都在忙着清理沙滩。故选B项。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The sand was no longer visible because it was covered by a layer of garbage more than five feet thick—most of it was plastic waste.可推断,沙阿感到沮丧的原因是看到沙滩上严重的塑料污染。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3.How did Shah carry out his mission
A.By raising money to recycle plastic waste.
B.By encouraging others to join his clean up.
C.By appealing to people not to throw garbage.
D.By devoting all his time to collecting garbage.
4.Which of the following best explains the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph
A.Report. B.Predict.
C.Deal with. D.Cover up.
3.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的At first, it was just him and a neighbour, and then he began recruiting others to join in.Word spread and with the help of social media, more volunteers got involved.可推断,沙阿通过自身的行动来激励人们参加这一清理沙滩行动。故选B项。
答案及解析
4.C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的In areas lacking sufficient waste management systems, Shah and his volunteers educate and assist villagers in reducing, managing, and recycling their plastic waste.可知,沙阿和志愿者们教授并协助村民是为了解决塑料污染问题。所以tackle为“解决；处理”之意。故选C项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
B
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究
[湖北宜城一中等五校2022高一联考]In Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or, sting (刺痛) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. The rain forests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging (刺人的) tree known as Dendrocnide.
Native Australians also call it the gympie gympie tree. “Like other stinging plants, the stinging tree is covered in needle like hairs, around five millimetres in length and can inject (注射) poison when they touch skin. The pain caused by the sting is severe and can last for even weeks,” said Irina Vetter, associate professor at the University of Queensland.
Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers have discovered what makes the tree’s sting so bad. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals they believed was responsible for the pain.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”.
When the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked (舔) the injected places, showing that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot like (扭结的) shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.
The knot like shape of gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie gympie tree.
“By understanding how this poison works, we hope to provide better treatment for those who have been stung by the plant, to ease or stop the pain,” said Vetter.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1.What is the function of Paragraph 2
A.To provide information about the stinging tree.
B.To warn people of the danger of the stinging tree.
C.To stress the importance of studying the stinging tree.
D.To explain the reason why the stinging tree is poisonous.
2.What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree
A.How it produces poison.
B.What poison it produces.
C.How the sting helps the tree.
D.The consequences of its sting.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对澳大利亚的金皮树进行研究,发现了其刺到人们会使人们感到疼痛的原因。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,本段主要介绍了这种刺人的树的别名、外形、如何刺人以及引起疼痛的程度,所以本段的作用主要是提供有关这种刺人的树的信息,故选A项。
2.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures.It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie gympie tree.可知,科学家没有发现金皮树的刺如何保护金皮树,故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3.What does Irina Vetter think of the research findings
A.They are not reliable.
B.They are of great value.
C.They have no practical use.
D.They need to be further proved.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Scientists discover the stinging tree’s secret
B.Caution: stinging trees can bite and poison you
C.Effective ways to avoid being hurt by stinging trees D.Scientists discover a strange tree species in Australia
3.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中维特尔所说的话可知,维特尔认为这种研究可以帮助她们为被这种树刺伤的人提供更好的治疗方式,故可推知,她认为这些研究有很大价值,故选B项。
4.A　主旨大意题。文章第一段表明文章介绍的对象：a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide。全文主要围绕带有毒性的金皮树,介绍了科学家的研究发现了其刺到人们使人们感到疼痛的原因等。故A项“科学家发现了刺人树的秘密”适合作为本文标题,故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明
[山东省实验中学2021高一期中]The biggest seasonal change of the year happens from March to June, as temperatures climb, days lengthen, birds return, and life in all forms comes rushing back. __1__
Beneath this outpouring of new life, however, is a great struggle. __2__ Like a bean seed growing from the earth, the spirit of spring is like pressure valve (阀门) releasing, preparing us for action.That’s the energy of the season: powerful, creative and determined.That makes it the perfect time to get serious about your health and fitness.
Write down your workout goal—building new strength, perhaps.__3__ “What have you been telling yourself you can’t do ” asks Larsen. Spring is the time to question those assumptions and deal with them head on.
__4__ It’s challenging for many, and it promotes growth and change. Hiring a trainer—or joining forces with an enthusiastic partner or group—can help build confidence, whether you’re an experienced lifter or new to the world of weights.
You can make use of the seasons’ growth inducing (促生长的) power by increasing your fitness programme. __5__ If you are a yogi, make great effort to master tougher and more athletic asanas (体式).
Whatever you choose, remember that by taking advantage of the opportunities of each season, and
avoiding the difficulties, you can gain a deeper appreciation of your body’s changing needs—one year,
one season, one workout at a time.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
A.New growth requires willpower.
B.If you are a cyclist, attempt longer climbs.
C.Then break it down into steps and start working.
D.Strength training is perhaps the ideal spring activity.
E.The year’s cycle renews itself in this season of rebirth.
F.You need to prepare your body for your fitness programme.
G.When you are ready to play your first game of the season, take it easy.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要说明了春天锻炼的重要性以及如何计划自己的健身目标,最后告诫我们要把握一年中的每一个季节,积极地去锻炼。
1.E　上文as temperatures climb, days lengthen, birds return, and life in all forms comes rushing back讲到万物复苏,E项中的rebirth与该句中的life in all forms comes rushing back语义一致,衔接自然,符合语境。故选E项。
2.A　根据上文Beneath this outpouring of new life, however, is a great struggle.中的a great struggle可知,生长不易,所以需要毅力。A项中的willpower与great struggle逻辑衔接自然。故选A项。
3.C　根据上文Write down your workout goal—building new strength, perhaps.可知,作者建议写下锻炼目标,C项是写下目标后的进一步操作,且选项中的it指代前面的goal(目标)。故选C项。
4.D　下文It’s challenging for many, and it promotes growth and change.中的It指代D项中的Strength training(力量训练),语义衔接自然,意思是力量训练对许多人来说是一个挑战且促进了成长和变化。故选D项。
5.B　根据下文If you are a yogi, make great effort to master tougher and more athletic asanas.可猜测,设空处是另外一个例子,B项以“自行车手”为例,cyclist和yogi对应上句中的fitness programme(健身计划)。故选B项。
答案及解析
体裁：记叙文 题材：优秀品行
[河北师大附中2022高一期中]Bella arrived at the parking lot at about 10:00 pm. She __1__ into her car, and began the 40 minute __2__ home. She’s just worked so much and felt quite __3__. She almost drove on auto pilot (自动驾驶仪).A few minutes later—wham! Out of nowhere a truck __4__ her backward 100 feet onto the railroad tracks.She sat in the car, injured by the hit.
As it happened, Peter was getting ready for __5__. He was getting under the covers when he heard the loud noise of metal on metal and __6__ glass coming from not far. As a volunteer firefighter, without __7__ Peter grabbed a flashlight and ran out.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
1.A.got B.looked
C.fell D.came
2.A.journey B.time
C.drive D.adventure
3.A.relaxed B.sleepy
C.happy D.bored
4.A.attacked B.pulled
C.pushed D.held
5.A.class B.work
C.dinner D.bed
6.A.terrible B.familiar
C.broken D.distant
7.A.delay B.warming
C.experience D.permission
He came to the truck that had __8__ Bella’s car.Once Peter concluded the driver was OK, he __9__ himself and spotted Bella’s car trapped on the railroad tracks. Just then he heard an urgent bell sound: A __10__ was coming!
Peter __11__ to Bella and knocked at the window. She just looked at him, her eyes __12__. Peter thought he had to get her off right now. He pulled the handle __13__, but the door was damaged and jammed shut. Peter ran to the passenger’s side and threw open the door. He grabbed Bella’s arms, and pulled her until he could __14__ her out and bring her to __15__ behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, the train crashed into Bella’s car!
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
8. A.beaten B.hit
C.stopped D.fixed
9. A.looked around B.searched through
C.left alone D.sought for
10.A.car B.policeman
C.worker D.train
11.A.attended B.rushed
C.responded D.stuck
12.A.unclear B.unhurt
C.unfocused D.uncertain
13.A.carefully B.exactly
C.practically D.violently
14.A.put B.help
C.make D.send
15.A.safety B.position
C.peace D.comfort
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了疲惫的贝拉下班后开车出了交通事故,被困在铁轨上,而一辆火车正要驶来,幸亏听到响声的彼得及时行动,在千钧一发之际救下了贝拉。
1.A　句意为：她上了车,开始了40分钟的驾车回家路程。根据Bella arrived at the parking lot可知,此处表示贝拉到停车场后上了车。故选A项。
2.C　根据空前的into her car可知,此处表示贝拉开车回家,车程40分钟。故选C项。
3.B　根据空前的about 10:00 pm和She’s just worked so much可知,贝拉工作到很晚,因此感到昏昏欲睡。故选B项。
4.C　句意为：不知从哪儿出来一辆卡车把她向后推了100英尺,撞到了铁轨上。根据空后的 backward 100 feet onto the railroad tracks和She sat in the car, injured by the hit.可知,此处表示卡车撞到了她的车,将她的车推到了铁轨上。故选C项。
5.D　根据空后的He was getting under the covers可知,事情发生时,彼得刚盖上被子,由此可知,此处表示彼得正要上床睡觉,突然听到不远处传来金属碰撞和玻璃破碎的巨响。故选D项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
6.C　根据上文内容可知,贝拉的车被一辆卡车撞了,故此处表示金属碰撞和玻璃碎裂的声音。故选C项。
7.A　句意为：作为一名志愿消防员,彼得立马抓起手电筒跑了出去。根据空后Peter grabbed a flashlight and ran out可知,彼得是志愿消防员,所以他应是毫不耽搁地前去营救。delay意为“耽搁；延误”。故选A项。
8.B　根据第一段中的She sat in the car, injured by the hit.可知,贝拉发生了车祸,一辆卡车撞到了贝拉的车,此处为原词复现。故选B项。
9.A　句意为：当彼得断定司机没事后,他环顾四周,发现贝拉的车被困在铁轨上。根据空后spotted Bella’s car trapped on the railroad tracks可知,彼得环顾四周后发现了贝拉。故选A项。
10.D　根据文章最后一句Within six seconds, the train crashed into Bella’s car！可知,彼得发现一辆火车要开过来了,此处train为原词复现。故选D项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
11.B　根据上文内容可知,火车要开过来了,此处应指彼得冲向贝拉的车前去营救。故选B项。
12.C　根据上文中的She sat in the car, injured by the hit.并结合下文中的Peter thought he had to get her off right now.可知,贝拉的车受到撞击,她受伤了,故此处应指贝拉双眼无神。unfocused意为“不聚焦的；目光分散的”。故选C项。
13.D　根据上文内容和空后的the door was damaged and jammed shut可知,车身受到撞击后车门坏了,所以彼得应该是猛烈地拉动门把手。故选D项。
14.B　句意为：他抓住贝拉的胳膊,向外拉她直到能把她救出来,并把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。根据下文可知,彼得将贝拉救了出来。help out意为“帮助……摆脱困境”故选B项。
15.A　句意见上一题解析。根据空后behind a signal box a few feet away可知,彼得将贝拉带到了安全地带。故选A项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
体裁：议论文　 题材：社会热点
It’s time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, more than 7.5 billion people consume 1.6 times 1________ the earth’s natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world’s population 2________ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without 3________ (expand) the land and water already in use We can’t double the amount of land. 4________ (fortunate), we don’t have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. 5________ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.what　分析句子结构可知,此处为宾语从句。设空处作从句的宾语,应用what,此处表示“地球上的自然资源所能供应的(食物)”。
2.will have reached/will reach　根据时间状语By 2050可知,此处应用将来完成时,表示对未来情况的推测；也可以用一般将来时表示将来会发生的事。故填will have reached/will reach。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章旨在论述全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决这一问题的办法。
答案及解析
3.expanding　此处without后应接动名词形式作宾语。故填expanding。
4.Fortunately　此处修饰整个句子,应用副词。故填Fortunately。
5.In　in short为固定搭配,意为“简而言之”。故填In。
In the near term, food production is enough to support all, but it doesn’t reach everyone who needs it. Food that 6________ (waste) each year amounts to about 1.3 billion tons—four times the amount 7________ (need) to feed more than 800 million people who are 8________ (hunger).
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9________ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10________ same amount of land we use now.
Exercise 2 刷语法填空
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
6.is wasted　此处为关系词that引导的定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,指代先行词Food,与从句谓语动词waste之间为被动关系,且此处表示一般情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态；先行词Food为不可数名词,故从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is wasted。
7.needed　分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作后置定语,修饰the amount, 二者为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填needed。
9.patterns　pattern意为“模式”时,为可数名词,此处表示泛指,为复数意义,因此应用复数形式。故填patterns。
8.hungry　are为系动词,其后为表语,此处表示“饥饿的”,应用形容词。故填hungry。
10.the　the same为固定搭配,意为“同样(的)”。故填the。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Fisherman Salvador was just trying to make a living on the sea with fellow fisherman Cordoba.Two days into the journey, disaster struck, and the two men would begin to face the greatest challenge of their lives.
The boat was loaded with tons of food and supplies, including 70 gallons of gasoline, 16 gallons of water, 50 pieces of sardines or bait (鱼饵). They also had a mobile phone kept safe in a plastic bag, a GPS, and a two way radio.The two had never spoken before or worked together, but they liked fishing and both of them seemed to know what they were doing.
Two days later, the weather was getting worse and worse.Salvador was trying to remain calm, but Cordoba was not prepared.He held on to the rail (围栏) for dear life, vomiting (呕吐) and crying as the waves crashed around them.When the storm finally passed, Salvador noticed that they had drifted far away from land.To make matters worse, the motor stopped working.Salvador called his boss on the radio, but there was no response.Even worse was the fact that the GPS they brought with them stopped working.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷应用文写作
The two men had been at sea for two months.While Salvador had become accustomed to catching and eating the animals available to them, Cordoba’s mental health and physical health began to become worse.Once he got sick from eating raw seabirds, he refused to eat at all.His own depression, fear and malnutrition (营养不良) finally killed him, leaving Salvador alone on the boat.Six days after Cordoba’s death, Salvador disposed of (处理) Cordoba’s body.
One day, after a terrible storm, Salvador found the sky was suddenly filled with shorebirds. He knew that he was heading for land at last. He must have been close. There, in the distance was a green Pacific atoll (环礁). It looked small and wild, but it was dry land and would have food and shelter.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Salvador struggled until he reached what appeared to be a beach house.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Salvador was rescued.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷应用文写作
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷应用文写作
【写作提示】
(1)What would Salvador meet in the house
(2)What happened after Salvador reached the house
(3)What happened after Salvador was rescued
(4)What would Salvador do and where would he go after his recovery
【参考范文】
Salvador struggled until he reached what appeared to be a beach house. This was a fisherman’s home. Seeing a weak man heading for their home unsteadily from the sea, the fisherman and his wife rushed out to him and welcomed him into their home. They had never seen anyone so weak and hungry. They were surprised that Salvador remained awake and managed to ask for a doctor before he lost consciousness. Meanwhile they prepared abundant food and water for him.
Salvador was rescued. Despite unimaginable hardships, Salvador survived his journey. He had spent 438 days, lost at sea, and finally he was safe. Soon enough, he was on his way back home to the fishing village, where he was reunited with his family. Of course, he made time to visit Cordoba’s mother to tell her the news of her son’s death. No matter what situation we are in, prepare for anything possible and never give up.