北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature Focus on Language—Relative Clauses(2) & Suffixes课件(共22张PPT)

(共22张PPT)
UNIT 5
HUMANS AND NATURE
Focus on Language
—Relative Clauses(2) & Suffixes
Ⅰ.感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.
2.One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
3.As you can see，the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that...
4.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
(1)句1中，先行词为 ，指 ，且从句不缺主宾，定语从句用
来引导。
(2)句2和4中，先行词分别为 和 ，指地点，且从句不缺主宾，定语从句用 来引导。
(3)句3中，先行词为 ，指 ，且从句不缺主宾，定语从句用 来引导。
the day
时间
when
the islands
an area
where
the reason
原因
why
Ⅱ.感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1....both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.
2.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January,1912，ten days ahead of their planned schedule.
3.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation：“We are very cheerful...”
4.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen：...
句1中的黑体词是在prepare后边加了- ，形成的新名词；句2中的黑体词是在safe后边加了- 形成的新副词；句3中的黑体词是在hope后边加了- 形成的新否定意义形容词；句4中的黑体词是在sad后边加了- 形成的新名词。这种构成法叫 ，是派生词的一种。
ation
ly
less
ness
后缀构词法
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词在定语从句中作状语，从句不缺主语或宾语，一般不可以省略。常见的关系副词有when，where，why。
1.when引导的定语从句
关系副词when在从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的名词，如：
It was a time when I was addicted to chatting online with some guys whom I had never seen.
那是一段我沉迷于和一些我从未见过的人在网上聊天的时期。
We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
我们生活在这样一个年代——可以比以往任何时候更容易获得更多的信息。
2.where引导的定语从句
关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的名词，包括具体地点名词place，school，house等以及抽象地点名词situation(情形)，position(位置)，point(地步)，case(情况)，stage(阶段)等，如：
Have you been to the place where Lu Xun once lived
你去过鲁迅的故居吗？
Teaching is a job where great patience and creativity are needed.
教学是一项需要极大耐心和创造力的工作。
I have reached a stage in my career where I need to decide which way to go.
我的事业到了需要决定何去何从的阶段。
What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication
在哪些情形下肢体语言是唯一的沟通方式？
3.why引导的定语从句
关系副词why在从句中作原因状语，先行词是reason，相当于for which，如：
We don’t know the reason why he turned his back on his former boss.
我们不知道他为什么背弃原来的老板。
Do you believe the reason why he was late for the party
你相信他聚会迟到的原因吗？
注意：正确选择关系代词that/which或关系副词when，where，why 的关键是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分；作宾语或主语时用that/which；作状语时用when，where，why。对比以下三组句子：
→I still remember the day that/which we spent together.(作宾语)
I still remember the day when we worked together.(作状语)
→I returned to the city that/which I visited last year.(作宾语)
I returned to the city where I grew up.(作状语)
→I don’t believe the reason that/which he told me yesterday.(作宾语)
I don’t believe the reason why he was late for my class.(作状语)
二、派生词——后缀
后缀是一种重要的构词法。通过后缀常常可以判断一个词的词性。在语言学中，后缀又被称作词尾，是一种置于其他词素后的词缀。常见的后缀有以下几种：
分类 后缀及意义 例子
名词 v.＋-or，-er，-ee 与……有关的人 sailor水手　explorer探险家　
rescuee被营救者
v.＋-ment……的组织/行为 argument论据；讨论　
measurement量度；测量
名词 v.＋-sion，-(t)ion，-ation ……的行为/动作/结果 admission进入，准许加入　
location地点　observation观察
adj.＋-ness ……的状态/性质 kindness仁慈　cheerfulness高兴
n.＋-ship ……的关系/性质/才能 friendship友谊　ownership所有权　leadership领导能力　membership会员资格
n.＋-ist ……家；……者 artist艺术家　scientist科学家
adj.＋-ity指具备某种性质 creativity创造性　reality现实
形容词 -able，-ible能……的 accessible可进入/到达/使用的　available可用的，可获得的
n.＋-al具有……特性的 tidal潮汐的　personal个人的
n.＋-ful有……性质的 powerful强有力的　cheerful高兴的
形容词 v.＋-ive具有……性质的 effective有效的　creative有创造力的
n.＋-less没有……的 limitless无限制的　harmless无害的
v.＋-ing令人……的 amazing令人惊奇/惊喜的
v.＋-ed感到……的 frightened害怕的　concerned关注的
形容词 n.＋y动词 sunny晴天的　dusty布满灰尘的
adj./n.＋-(e)n/en＋adj.使；变得 widen加宽　strengthen增强　lengthen加长　enlarge扩大　enrich使丰富
adj.＋-fy使……化 beautify美化　satisfy使满意　
simplify简化
-ize/ise使成……状态 realize实现　apologize道歉　
digitize数字化
副词 adj.＋-ly以……方式 obviously明显地　anxiously焦虑地
-ward(s)向……；朝…… forward向前地　outward向外　eastward向东
语法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially 1._____________
(trouble).Many westerners 2. come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.I still remember the day 3. I visited a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
troublesome
who
when
While eating out 4. (regular) seems to have become common for many young people in recent years，it’s not without a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be 5. (afford) but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher cost on your 6. (healthy).7.__________
(research) have found that eating out too often is one reason 8.____ people have weight problems.
regularly
affordable
health
Researchers
why
If you don’t want to suffer this problem，then I 9._________
(suggestion) that you go to your mum’s home,10. you can get a few cooking tips.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
suggest
where