北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 The admirable Focus on Language—Relative Clauses(3) & Synonyms and Antonyms-课

(共24张PPT)
UNIT 6
THE ADMIRABLE
Focus on Language—Relative
Clauses(3) & Synonyms and Antonyms
语法感悟
Ⅰ.感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.Later，she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.
2.They did not have enough staff，and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.
3.In 1969，Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team whose goal was to find a cue for malaria...
句1和句2均为“介词＋关系代词”引导的 ，介词后的关系代词大多数情况下使用whom或which，先行词是物时，介词后用关系代词
，先行词是人时，介词后用关系代词 。如果定语从句的主语和先行词构成所属关系，则用 。
定语从句
which
whom
whose
Ⅱ.感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.The story of Christopher Reeve’s life is one that is almost impossible to imagine—from a wildly successful Hollywood career，to the horror in life-threatening injury...
2.Reeve tried out for，and was eventually given the lead role in a Superman film.
3.His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe.
4.Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him.
5.His positive attitude inspired many people who were stuck in illness.
从第1,2,3句中找出下列词的近义词。job—— ，finally—— ，serious——______
从第4,5句中找出下列词的反义词。healthy—— ，negative
——________
career
eventually
severe
broken
positive
Ⅰ.“介词＋关系代词”和whose引导的定语从句
当关系代词作介词宾语时，有时定语从句中的介词会提到关系代词之前，构成“介词＋关系代词” 引导的定语从句。当定语从句中的主语和先行词构成所属关系时，定语从句要用whose(＝of whom/which)来引导。
语法精讲
1.在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中作介词宾语的关系代词只能是which(指物)和whom(指人)，即介词＋which/whom，而不能用that。如：
The old man has two sons，both of whom are promising graduates.
老人有两个儿子，他们俩都是很有前途的毕业生。
What is the youngest age at which a person can be employed
可以受雇的最低年龄是多大？
2.“介词＋which”在定语从句中作状语，相当于关系副词when，where，why。如：
We live in an age in which(＝when) men and women are treated equally.
我们生活在一个男人和女人被平等对待的时代。
I will never forget the shelter in which(＝where) we stayed when the aftershocks happened.
我永远不会忘记余震发生时我们所在的那个避难所。
This is the reason for which(＝why) the villagers protest against taking down the old temple.
这就是村民们抗议拆除旧寺庙的原因。
3.“名词/代词/数词＋of＋which/whom”通常引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语。如：
He wrote many fantasies，nearly half of which were published in the 1960s.
他写了很多幻想作品，将近一半都在20世纪60年代出版。
Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agree that it is the best one this year.
五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。
4.“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选择(一名二动三逻辑)：
(1)根据先行词的搭配习惯。(一名)
This is the farm on which my father once worked.
这是我父亲曾经工作过的农场。
Do you remember the year in which your brother was admitted to Peking University
你还记得你哥哥被北京大学录取的那一年吗？
(2)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。(二动)
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而闻名。
(3)根据句子的逻辑关系。(三逻辑)
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。
(4)表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。
I have about 10 books，half of which are written by Mo Yan.
我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。
[名师点津]　在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after，look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. ( )
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. ( )
√
×
5.whose引导的定语从句
当定语从句的主语和先行词构成所属关系时，常常用whose引导定语从句。whose既可以指人，也可以指物。“whose＋n.”可以和“of which/whom＋the＋n.”或者“the＋n.＋of which/whom”结构转换。
Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon cooperation.
狼是高度群体化的动物，它们的成功取决于合作。
Do you know the boy whose father is being operated on
你认识那个其父亲正在接受手术的男孩吗？
The house whose windows are broken is empty.
＝The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
＝The house of which the windows are broken is empty.
窗户被打破的这栋房子是空的。
Ⅱ.同义词和反义词(Synonyms and Antonyms)
1.同义词
同义词是意义相近的一组词，如：
attempt—try
frightening—horrible
cheerful—happy
encourage—inspire
influence—impact
concentrate on—focus on
2.反义词
反义词是意义相反的一组词， 如：
advocate—protest
generous—mean
imaginary—realistic
female—male
gain—lose
3.词根加上前缀或后缀构成的反义词(常见否定词缀dis-，il-，im-，ir-，un-，-less)
dis-　appearance—disappearance　honest—dishonest　agree—disagree　like—dislike
il-　legal—illegal　logical—illogical
im-　possible—impossible　polite—impolite　balance—imbalance　moral—immoral
in-　dependence—independence　curable—incurable
ir-　responsible—irresponsible　regular—irregular
un-　fortunately—unfortunately　important—unimportant　limited—unlimited
-less　harm—harmless　limit—limitless
语法填空
Yesterday I visited Mr Smith,1. whom I often turned for help when I was in trouble in senior high school.We talked about the woods 2. which we often took a walk，the naughty boy 3._____
whom I often quarreled and the day 4. which I eventually graduated from school.Then he asked me the reason 5. which I came back to our small town instead of staying in big cities.
达标检测
to
in
with
on
for
I told him that though it is 6. (convenient) to live in small towns，I just 7. (like) living in big cities.Besides，my father is old and sick，and it is 8. (possible) for me to leave him alone at home.
inconvenient
dislike
impossible