【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语北师大版必修一教师用书Unit 2　Heroes

本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 2　Heroes
【美文阅读】　
为了欣赏大山的美丽风景，作者带领一家人去徒步旅行。途中发生的一次意外让作者成为了孩子们心目中的英雄。
There are too few ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes in life that stand alone and above all others, and days that will never be forgotten.This was one of those days, a day when on a hike，I became my children's Hero.This event happened the first summer after moving to the mountains of Colorado.
Wanting to enjoy the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beauty of the mountains，my wife and I planned a day hike to the Brown's Creek waterfall.The kids were excited, a day hike，especially a day spent with Dad (not enough of those as I look back)．
Our hike would take u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s up the Brown's Creek trail and after about 3 miles the waterfall would be on our left, at least that is what I was told.Then the trail took us through a beautiful grass land and across the creek a couple of times. We decided to turn back before reaching the waterfalls，mostly because we were tired and still didn't know how much further it was.While cross
ing the cree ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k by walking on a downed tree trunk，our little Izzie fell into the creek and immediately started moving up and down in the water.
Immediately，I jumpe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d into the river.I managed to grab her and push her to the river bank.But now，I was the one in need of being rescued.I thought this might be the end and I wasn't sure if I could hold on.Then，I heard the familiar voice of the love of my life, my wife's voice. She shouted something like—Stand Up！With the last bit of strength I could gather，I stood, and walked out of the raging river.The kids showed little concern for my well being(安康)；they were attending Izzie，now safe in their arms.But I did hear one of the kids say：Thanks Dad，for saving Izzie.You're our Hero!
【诱思导学】　
1．When did the author and his family go on a hike
________________________________________________________________________
2．Who helped the author out of trouble
________________________________________________________________________
3．In children's eyes，what did they think of their father
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　1.They went on a hike in summer.
2．The author's wife helped him.
3．They felt that their father was a hero.
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要通过学生对学案所给内容的学习，了解下一课时中的新词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一节课内容的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本课时是学生进入高中阶段接触的第一个具有一定难度的阅读课型，上好这节课对于培养学生良好的阅读习惯起到了至关重要的作用。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过让学生讨论自己心目中的英雄形象和自己在高中阶段将要塑造的个人形象，直接导入新课。
●教学流程设计

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　
(见学生用书第27页)
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读Modern Heroes完成下列表格
National Hero
Proce?ss Time Tasks Feeling
Lifting1．____ October 15th， 2.______in Jiu?quan，Gansu Province The spaceship，called Shenzhou V，was carryingChina's firstastronaut, Yang Liwei. He got a feeling of 3.______into the sky becauseof the zero gravity.
Spaceflight During the 21 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )?hour space flight，the Shenzhou circled the earth 4.______times. ·He spoke wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th ground 5.______ and his wife and 8?year?old son.·He showed theflags of Chinaand the UnitedNations，expressing the wishes to 6.______and use space peacefully. He felt the shipwas 7.______.
Land?ing October 16th，Yang Liwei 8．______inInner Mongoliasafely. He smiled and9．________ tothe crowdswaiting for him. 21 hours was too short to stay in 10.______.
【答案】　1.off　2.2003　3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).soaring　4.14　5.control　6.explore　7.shaking　8.landed　9.waved　10.space21·cn·jy·com
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P22－23的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．How long had Yang Liwei been trained before he traveled in space
A．3 years.　　　　　　B．4 years.
C．5 years.
2．From the third paragraph，we know________.
A．Yang Liwei stayed in space for 21 hours
B．Yang Liwei spoke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with his family while the spaceship was circling the earth for the 7th time
C．there were some tasks not completed because Yang slept for 3 hours
3．How did Yang Liwei come back to the land
A．By parachute. B．By helicopter.
C．By spaceship.
4．What is the method the author uses to write the passage
A．Description. B．Discussion.
C．Narration(叙述)．
【答案】　1.C　2.A　3.C　4.C
Ⅲ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
launch；soar；expre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss；peacefully；shake；lift off；smoothly；circle；explore；let out
National Hero
China's first manned ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) spaceship 1.________ at 9 a．m.on Wednesday，October 15th,2003 in Jiuquan，Gansu.It was carrying China's first astronaut，Yang Liwei.The 2.________ went very 3.________.“When the spaceship separated from the rocket，I suddenly got a feeling of 4.________ into the sky because of the zero gravity，”said Yang Liwei.The Shenzhou V 5.________ the earth 14 times.When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle，Yang showed the flags of China and the United Nations, 6.______ the wishes of the Chinese people to 7.________ and use space 8.________.Yang landed in Inner Mongolia safely at 6∶23 a．m.on October 16th.He told reporters that when Shenzhou V 9.________ its parachute，he felt the ship was 10.________.Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship touched down safely.Yang was happy to return home but he thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.
【答案】　1.lifted off　2.launch　3.smoothly　4.soaring
5．circled　6.expressing　7.explore　8.peacefully
9．let out　10.shaking
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．calm　　　A．an imag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inary person shown in a work of fiction (play or film or story)
2．generous B．living without much worry；taking life easy
3．character C．willing to give and share happily
4．separate D．the n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umber that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros
5．explore E．go one's own way；move apart
6．million F．move or swing one's hand from side to side
7．wave G．travel to find something new or strange
【答案】　1.B　2.C　3.A　4.E　5.G　6.D　7.F
Ⅱ.短语填空
life up；choose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )from；because of；wave to sb.；make up；millions of；let out；separate from
1．Nothing can ________ for what they have suffered.
2．We'll have to ________ the car to get her out.
3．This patient should be ________ the others.
4．We offer a wide range of holidays to ________.
5．She turned and saw her daughter still ________ her.
【答案】　1.make up　2.lift up　3.separated from
4．choose from　5.waving to
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．The spaceship，cal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led Shenzhou V，was carrying China's first astronaut，Yang Liwei，...
被称之为“神舟5号”的宇宙飞船运载着中国的第一位宇航员——杨利伟，……
2．When the spaceship ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was doing its seventh circle，Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations，expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.
在宇宙飞船绕地球飞到第七圈时，杨利伟在飞船上展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗，以表达中国人民和平开发、利用太空资源的意愿。
3．As Yang Liwe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i returned into the earth's atmosphere，helicopters were flying to_where_he would land，ready to collect him.当杨利伟返回地球大气层时，直升飞机飞往他要降落的地方，准备迎接他。
4．Pat was in the ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )throom with_a_hairdryer_in_her_hand when she heard a crash.
听到碰撞声时，帕特正在浴室里，手里拿着吹风机。
Period ⅡWarm up & Modern Heroes
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过对学案中重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，并能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够熟练判断一般过去时和过去进行时。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和记忆英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。本课时的语法一般过去时和过去进行时，是对初中已学语法的延伸和扩展，学生有一定的基础，学习起来应该比较轻松。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
可以尝试用学生日常生活的话题互动式引入本课：
T: Who can explain hero’s meaning in English Have a try.
S：
T: A person, especia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly a man, who is admired by many people for doing something brave or good.
Now think about who is the hero in your mind
S: possible answers (W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en Tianxiang, Yue Fei, Lin Zexu, Sun Zhongshan, Mao Zedong，Zhou Enlai and so on)
T：Yes. They are gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eat heroes. Their names have been recorded in history books. What character do you think heroes should have？...
●教学流程设计

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

(见学生用书第29页)
1．calm adj.(教材P21) 镇静的；沉着的 v．使……平衡
One must be calm in time of danger.
一个人在危险时刻必须镇静。
It was difficult to calm down the excited football fans.
要使兴奋的足球迷们平静下来是很困难的。
①calm...down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来
②calmly adv.平静地
③calmness n．平静
　He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him down.
他非常激动。我们必须想法使他平静下来。
The television announcer read the news calmly.
电视播音员平静地念了这则新闻。
calm/quiet/still/silent
calm “镇静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或者人的心情不激动。
quiet “安静的；宁静的”，指无声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑。
still “不动的；静止的”，指无动作或运动的状态。
silent “寂静的；沉默的，无语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。
When facing danger， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one should keep calm；when someone else is asleep，one should keep quiet；in class，one shouldn't keep silent about the teacher's questions.
一个人面对危险时，应该保持镇静；他人睡觉时，应保持安静；在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持沉默 。
用calm，quiet，still，silent填空
①When he faced difficulty，he stayed ________.
②It's so________here.I can hear anything.
③You should stand ________while I take a photo of you.
④He kept ________about the matter and no one else knew it.
【答案】　①calm　②quiet　③still　④silent
2．generous adj.(教材P21)慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
be generous to sb.对某人慷慨
be generous with sth.对……大方
be generous in doing sth.慷慨地做某事
It's generous of sb.to do sth.某人慷慨地做某事
Although he is poor， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he was quite generous to his friend in need.他虽然穷，但是他对需要帮忙的朋友很慷慨。
Tom is generous with his time.
汤姆很不吝惜他的时间。
He is generous in helping the poor.
他很慷慨地帮助穷人。
【提示】　generous与其他常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用来修饰人的品质的形容词clever，foolish，kind等用法一样，常与of一起构成不定式复合结构：It's generous of sb.to do sth.某人慷慨地做某事。
用适当的介词填空
①It is generous ________ you to share your food with me.
②He was generous ________ everybody ________ money.
③Students should be generous ________ doing hard jobs.
④One should be generous ________ his time ________ assisting others.
【答案】　①of　②to；with　③in　④with；in
3．character n．人物；角色；性格特征；汉字；符号
Scar is a cruel an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d dangerous character in Lion King.(教材P21)Scar在《狮子王》中是一个残酷而危险的人物。
What are the names of the main characters in the play
那部戏剧中主要角色的名字是什么？
in character合乎个性；在性格(特点)上
out of character与个性不符
We are much alike in character.
我们的性格很相似。
Her behavior last night was quite out of character.　　21*cnjy*com
她昨晚的举止与她的性格很不相符。
【教师备课资源】　
characteristic adj.特有的；典型的 n．特点；特性
characterize v．以……为特征
猜测下列句中character的词义
①They are twins but have quite different characters.________
②Who is the main character in the play？________
③Jace was a remarkable character.________
④He writes beautiful characters.________
【答案】　①性格　②角色　③人物　④汉字
4．lift off(飞机或太空飞行器)起飞；升空；发射；揭开
China's first manne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d spaceship lifted off at 9 a．m.on Wednesday，October 15th,2003 in Jiuquan，Gansu Province.(教材P22)
2003年10月15日，星期三，上午九点，中国第一艘载人航天宇宙飞船在甘肃酒泉发射中心升空。
The plane will lift off in ten minutes.
10分钟后飞机将起飞。
turn off关闭(电源、煤气等)
put off推迟
take off起飞；脱衣服
fall off从……掉下来
get off下车
The sports mee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting had to be put off because of the terrible weather.由于天气恶劣，运动会不得不推迟。
The plane is taking off in 10 minutes.
飞机十分钟后就要起飞。
用上述短语完成句子
①很难揭开这个箱子的盖子。
It's hard to ________the cover of the box.
②飞机几点钟起飞呢？
When does the plane ________？
③这次会议将推迟到星期五。
The meeting will be ________ until Friday.
【答案】　①lift off　②take off/lift off　③put off
5．The spacesh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ip，called_Shenzhou_Ⅴ，was carrying China's first astronaut，Yang Liwei.(教材P22)
这艘命名为“神舟五号”的宇宙飞船载着中国第一位宇航员杨利伟飞向太空。
called Shenzhou Ⅴ是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which was called Shenzhou Ⅴ。
Have you read the novel written by Dickens
你读过狄更斯写的这本小说吗？
过去分词作定语，与所修饰的名词或代词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系；现在分词作定语，与所修饰的名词或代词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
Most of the artists i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nvited to the party were from South America.被邀请参加聚会的大部分艺术家来自南美。
The young man waving to us is a friend of mine.
向我们挥手的那个年轻人是我的朋友。
完成句子
①第一本把英语作为外语来教的教材是16世纪出版的。
The first textbook ____________ came out in the 16th century.(write)
②站在门口的男孩是我表弟。
The boy ____________is my cousin.(stand)
③这是个英文网，每天更新。
This is an English web，________________.(update)
【答案】　①written for teac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hing English as a foreign language　②standing at the door　③updated every daywww.21-cn-jy.com
6．When the spaceship s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eparated from the rocket，I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because_of the zero gravity.(教材P22)太空船与火箭分离时，由于地球引力消失，我感觉像是在急速升入空中。
(1)separate v．脱离；(使)分开，(使)分离；分手
Europe and Afr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ica are separated by the Suez Canal.＝Europe is separated from Africa by she Suez Canal.
欧洲和非洲被苏伊士运河分开了。
A separate from B A与B分开
separate A from B 把A与B分开
separate(...)into (把……)分成
separate adj. 不与别人分享的；独自的；各自的；分开的
The state threatened to separate from the Union.
这个州威胁要脱离联盟。
This test should separate the sheep from the goats.
这次测试会鉴别出好坏来的。
separate/divide
separate 指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来，常与from连用。
divide 指把整体“划分”成若干份，常与into连用。
Let's divide ourselves into several groups.
让我们分成几个小组吧。
【助记】
分开separate与divide
完成句子
①老师把批改过的考试卷分成及格和不及格两部分。
The teacher ________ the marked examination papers ________ passed and failures.
②欧洲和美洲之间隔着大西洋。
The Atlantic ________ Europe ________ America.
③他先把它分成两半，然后又把每一份分成四份。
First，he ________ it ________ two; then________ each ________four.
【答案】　①separated；into　②separates；from　③divided；into；divided；into
(2)because of因为……；由于……
He missed the first b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us because of getting up late in the morning.因为早晨他起来晚了，所以他没有赶上第一班公交车。
He failed the exam because of his carelessness.
他因为粗心没有通过考试。
①because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句，在句中可作表语或状语。
②because是连词，引导从句。
I've chosen them because of their colors.
因为它们的颜色我选择了它们。
I've chosen them because they are beautiful.
因为它们美丽我选择了它们。
用because，because of填空
④The train was delayed ________ ice on the line.
⑤He will sell his house at a low price ________ he needs money.
⑥He knew she was crying ________ what he had said.
【答案】　④because of　⑤because　⑥because of
7．be able to do...有能力做某事
He was also able to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) speak with his wife and 8 year old son.(教材P23)他也能够和妻子及8岁的儿子进行交谈。
I think David is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more able to deal with this problem than I am.我认为戴维比我更善于处理这个问题。
be able to/can
be able to 表示经过努力且又达到目的时，多用be able to，可用于将来时、完成时和过去时。
can 表示有能力做某事，没有将来时和完成时。
In the end，only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )50 people were able to escape from the big fire.最后，只有50人从大火中逃了出来。
We can finish the work in two days.
我们能在两天内完成工作。
用can，be able to的适当形式完成句子
①有朝一日，人们会到月球去旅行的。
One day people ____________ travel to the moon.
②他们已有两周没能去上学了。
They ________________ go to school for two weeks.
③她5岁时就会弹钢琴了。
She ____________ play the piano when she was five.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】　①will be able to　②have not been able to　③could/was able to
8．When the spaceshi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p was doing its seventh circle，Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations，expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.(教材P23)
在飞船绕地球转到第七圈时，杨利伟在飞船上展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗，以表达中国人民和平开发、利用太空资源的意愿。
(1)expressing the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。现在分词作状语时，常可以表达伴随、原因、结果、时间、条件、让步情况，相当于一个状语从句。
“Can't you read？” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mary said angrily，pointing to the notice.“难道你不识字么？”玛丽指着通知生气地说。
Being ill，he can't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come to school.＝Because he is ill，he can't come to school.因为病了，他不能来上学了。
Her husband ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )died in 1942，leaving her with five children.她丈夫于1942年去世，留下了她和5个孩子。
Working in the fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctory，he learned a lot from the workers.他在这所工厂工作，并向工厂的工人学习。
Working hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，you will succeed.＝If you work hard，you will succeed.努力学习，你会成功的。
【提示】　动词 ing作时间、原因 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )状语：如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用动词 ing的一般式。如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生，用分词完成式。在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while，when或介词after，before，on。
同义句转换
①The children ra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n out of the room and they laughed and talked merrily.
＝The children ran out of the room，________________________.
②After she had read the letter，she got very excited.
＝____________________________，she got very excited.
③Because he hadn' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t received an answer，he decided to write another letter.
＝____________________________，he decided to write another letter.
【答案】　①laughin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g and talking merrily　②Having read/After reading the letter　③Not having received an answer
(2)explore vt.探险，探测；探究
The experts are exploring every part of the island.
专家们正在勘查这个岛的各个部分。
They launched rockets to explore space.
他们发射火箭以探测太空。
explorer　　　　n．探险者；勘探者；浏览器
exploration n．勘探，考察；研究，探究
Click the Inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )net Explorer and we'll get the whole world at our feet.
点击“互联网浏览器”，整个世界就在我们的脚下了。
The North Sea has been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an important center for oil exploration.北海已经成为了一个油气勘探的重心。
用explore的适当形式或其派生词填空
④In 1535，King of F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rance ordered a navigator(航海家)named Jacques Cartier ______ the New World and search for a passage to India.
⑤Zheng He was a great ______ who was famous around the world.
⑥These new d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iscoveries have broken new ground in the ______ of the universe.
【答案】　④to explore　⑤explorer　⑥exploration
9．As Yang Li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wei returned into the earth's atmosphere，helicopters were flying to where_he_would_land，ready_to_collect_him.(教材P23)杨利伟返回大气层时，直升飞机正飞往他将着陆的地方，迎接他返程。
(1)as引导的是时间状语从句，主句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是helicopters were flying to where he would land，其中where he would land是介词to的宾语从句，ready to collect him为形容词短语，作句子的状语。
(2)形容词或形容词短语作句子的状语，主要是表示主语的性质、状态或特征。
He came back，cold and hungry.
他回来了，又冷又饿。
She cried，unable to tell her sufferings.
无法说出所受的苦难，她哭了起来。
用形容词短语完成句子
①格林先生对那位睡过头的学生很生气，于是过去叫醒她。
________ the student oversleeping，Mr.Green went down to wake her up.
②林涛乐意接受这个建议，就点头同意了。
________________ the suggestion，Lin Tao nodded his agreement.
③她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。
For a moment she ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st stood there，________________ what had just happened.
【答案】　①Angry at　②Glad to accept　③unable to believe
10．million num. n．百万；adj.百万的；无数的
Millions of people a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.(教材P23)
在飞船安全着陆的时刻，全中国数百万人民都在观看电视直播。
The new teaching building cost 3 million yuan.
新教学楼耗资300万元。
The computer can wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk out math problems millions of times faster than we do.
电脑能以比我们快几百万倍的速度计算出数学题。
【提示】　million前带有具体的数词时，million 用单数形式；后面接of短语时，million用复数形式。
dozens of 许多；十几个
scores of 许多；好几十
hundreds of 好几百；成百的
thousands of 好几千；成千的
tens of thousands of 好几万；成千上万的
hundreds of thousands of 好几十万；成几十万的
hundreds of millions of 好几亿；成亿的
tens of millions of千百万的
We have dozens of things to do now.
我们现在有很多事要做。
The farmer keeps hundreds of pigs on his farm.
那个农场主在他的农场里养了几百头猪。
Tens of thousands of people were gathered there.
成千上万的人被召集到那里。
【教师备课资源】　
①表达笼统的数目时，复数hundreds，thousands，millions等之后加of，不与具体的数字连用，接可数名词的复数。
②several，few或具体数字与doze ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n，hundred，thousand，million，billion等连用表达具体的数目时，若使用of，必须后接the/those/these/名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋名词的复数。
③many可以和表达笼统数目的hundreds of，thousands of，millions of，billions of等连用。
①________people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the world are sending information by e mail every day.
A．Several million of　　　　B．Many million
C．Several millions D．Many millions
【解析】　如果在million前有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体数字或several等词修饰时，million要用单数形式。many一般不与million连用，故选A。
【答案】　A
②There are som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e watchtowers every few __________ along the Great Wall.
A．hundreds metres
B．hundreds of metres
C．hundred metres
D．hundred of metres
【解析】　every few hundred metres意为“每几百米”，hundred要用单数形式，故正确选项为C。
【答案】　C
11．wave vi.挥手示意；致意
When Yang Liwei climbe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d out of the spaceship，he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him.(教材P23)杨利伟走出飞船，向等待他的人们挥手微笑。
My mother was crying as I waved goodbye to her.
我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
He came out waving the document at the crowd.
他出来时向人群挥舞着文件。
①wave at/to sb.向某人挥手/摆手
wave sth.at sb.向某人挥动某物
wave goodbye to sb.＝wave sb.goodbye
向某人挥手告别
②wave n．波；波浪
Next time you wave at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) me，use more than one finger，please！下次向我挥手时，请至少伸出两根手指。
At the airport，we waved goodbye.
我们在机场挥手告别了。
猜测下列句中wave的词性和词义
①The waves calm down.________
②She gave a wave as she left home.________
③The flag waves in the wind.________
④He waved desperately to/at his companion.________
【答案】　①n.海浪，波浪　②n.挥手　③vi.飘扬
④vi.挥手
12．Pat was in the bath ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )room with_a_hairdryer_in_her_hand when she heard a crash.(教材P23)帕特手拿吹风机在浴室里，这时她听到一个撞击声。
句中with a hairdryer in her hand为with复合结构作伴随状语，其构成为：with＋宾语＋宾补。
with的复合结构主要用来说明 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )附带情况或具体细节，在句中可作原因、方式、条件或伴随状语等，有时也可作定语。其构成形式主要有：①with＋宾语＋形容词，②with＋宾语＋副词；③with＋宾语＋介词短语；④with＋宾语＋动词的现在分词，表示动作正在进行且宾语与动词是主动关系；⑤with＋宾语＋动词的过去分词，表示动作已经发生且宾语与动词是被动关系；⑥with＋宾语＋动词不定式，表示动作还未发生。
He likes sleeping with the window open.
他喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
You had better read books with the light on.
你最好开着灯读书。
The boy was sitting ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xt to his mother，with his back to the door.那个男孩儿背对着门，正坐在他母亲旁边。
With the old man leading us，we got to the top of the mountain easily.
有那位老人带路，我们很容易就到达了山顶。
The village i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s beautiful with the trees covered with white snow.树林都披上了银装，村庄很是好看。
With much wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k to do，he went to the factory ahead of time.有那么多的工作要做，他提前去了工厂。
用with短语完成句子
①男孩进了屋，书包里什么都没有。
The boy entered the room，________________.
②他躺在那儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
He lay there，________________.
③所有的家庭作业都做完后，汤姆出去踢球了。
________________，Tom went out to play football.
【答案】　①with nothing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in his bag　②with his eyes looking at the ceiling　③With all his homework done
　
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会一般过去时和过去进行时的用法。
①China's first manne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d spaceship lifted off at 9 a．m.on Wednesday，October 15th,2003...
②The spaceship，ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lled Shenzhou V，was carrying China's first astronaut，Yang Liwei.
③During the 21 ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur space flight，the Shenzhou V circled the earth 14 times.
④While the spa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ceship was circling the earth for the sixth time，Yang Liwei spoke with ground control in Gansu.
⑤Millions of peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple all over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.
[自我总结]　上述句子中的①③事情发 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生在过去，用________。②句说得是在过去某一时刻(从上下文看出)正在发生或进行中的某事，同________。④句中状语从句表示过去时时刻正在发生的动作，用________，而主句则表示过去发生的事情，用________。⑤句中主句表示过去某一段时间中正在发生的动作，用________，而从句则是过去发生的动作，用。
【答案】　一般过去时　过去进行时　过去进行时　一般过去时　过去进行时　一般过去时
一、一般过去时
　构成形式为：动词 ed形式(或不规则动词的过去式)。
1．表示在过去某时刻发生的动作或存在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语如yesterday，last year，last night，the other day，just now, then，two days ago，in 1999，at that time等和when，until等引导的时间状语从句连用。也经常用于没有明确的过去时间状语的句子中。
My mother fell ill yesterday.昨天我母亲病了。
She waved her hand to us.她向我们挥了挥手。
2．一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作，常与always，often，usually，seldom等表示频度的词连用。
When I was a child，I often watched cartoon series.
当我是个孩子时，我经常看动画片连续剧。
3．在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。
He said he would come to see me if he got here.
他说他到了这儿就会来看我。
4．一般过去时也可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，强调在过去一段时间做了某事。
Mr.Li is living i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the countryside now，but he once worked in Nanjing for more than thirty years.李先生现在住在乡下，但是他曾经在南京工作过30多年 。
二、过去进行时
　过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。其构成形式为：was/were＋动词 ing形式。
1．表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间通常要用时间状语，或通过上下文来表示。
They were taking p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hysical exercise at seven this morning.今天早晨7点钟的时候他们正在锻炼身体。
She was telephoning a friend when I came in.
当我进来时，她正在给一个朋友打电话。
2．表示过去某一段时间一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。
They were digging a railway tunnel last week.
他们上星期在挖铁路隧道。
I know he was wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting a book last year but I'm not sure whether he has finished it.
我知道他去年在写一部书，但是我不知道他写完了没有。
3．表示从过去某一时间的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )角度看将要发生的动作，用于某些动词，如：go，come，stay，leave，start，begin，arrive，return，fly，do，have等。
They were leaving a few days later.
他们几天后就要离开了。
4．提供故事发生的时间、背景。
One day，Jones was walking along the street.
一天，琼斯正沿街走着。
It was snowing as they made their way to the front.
当他们向前线挺进的时候，天正下着雪。
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
1．过去进行时表示某一行为的“片段”，一般过去时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time.
那个时候我正在看这本书。(未读完，“读”的片段)
I read the book yesterday.
我昨天看了这本书。(己读完，表整个“读”的过程)
2．表示一段持续时间的状语多与进行时连用。
He was writing a letter the whole afternoon.
他整个下午都在写信。
3．when引导的时间状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句中，设置事件发生的背景或场景，用过去进行时，动词通常为延续性动词；陈述事件，用一般过去时，动词通常为非延续性动词。
I was cooking supper when he came in.
他进来时我正在做晚饭。
I saw him when I was walking to the station.
当我正往车站走时我看到了他。
(见学生用书第34页)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·重庆高考)—Kevin，you look worried.Anything wrong
—Well，I ________ a test and I'm waiting for the result.
A．will take　　　　　　　　　B．took
C．had taken D．take
【解析】　句意：——凯文，你看起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来愁眉苦脸的。怎么了？——噢，我做了个测试，正在等结果。根据题意可知凯文的测试已做完，为过去发生的事情，现在只是焦急地等结果，故可排除A、D两项，而C项是过去完成时态，句中没有表示“过去之过去”的时间状语，故可排除。
【答案】　B
2．(2012·北京高考)Geor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge said that he would come to school to see me the next day，but he ________.
A．wouldn't B．didn't
C．hasn't D．hadn't
【解析】　句意：“乔治说他第二天会来 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学校看我，但是他没来。”前一个分句的谓语动词said为一般过去时，空格处与said并列作后一分句的谓语，故选一般过去时didn't。
【答案】　B
3．(2012·四川高考)—Did you catch what I said
—Sorry.I ________ a text message just now.
A．had answered B．have answered
C．would answer D．was answering
【解析】　句意：——“你听明白我所 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )说的了吗？”——“对不起。我刚刚正在回一条短信。”由关键词just now以及问句可知空格处应该指刚才问话人说话时，回答者正在做另一件事，故应该用过去进行时。
【答案】　D
4．(2011·北京高考)—That must have been a long trip.
—Yeah，it________ us a whole week to get there.
A．takes B．has taken
C．took D．was taking
【解析】　句意：——那一定是一次长途旅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行。——是的，到那里花了我们一整周的时间。根据语境可知，must have been是对发生在过去的事情的肯定的推测，因此事情是过去发生的，故用一般过去时，选C。
【答案】　C
5．(2011·北京高考)—Bob has gone to California.
—Oh，can you tell me when he________？
A．has left B．left
C．is leaving D．would leave
【解析】　句意：——鲍勃已去了加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )利福尼亚州。——哦，你能告诉我他什么时间离开的吗？由语境可知，“离开”动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时，选B。
【答案】　B
6．I first me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t Lisa three years ago. She ________ at a radio shop at the time.
A．has worked B．was working
C．had been working D．had worked
【解析】　句中有时间状语three years ago及at the time，由此可知用过去进行时。
【答案】　B
7．—It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.
—Oh，don't mention it.I ________ past your house anyway.
A．was coming B．will come
C．had come D．have come
【解析】　第一句中的was暗示事情发生在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去，第二句“当时我刚好要路过你家”，强调在过去的某个特定的时间点或时间段正在做某事，故用过去进行时。
【答案】　A
8．—Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya
—Who ________it
A．writes B．has written
C．wrote D．had written
【解析】　由于“写书”这一动作应发生在“读书”之前，且本句中没有强调具体动作的情况，故用一般过去时表示过去的动作。
【答案】　C
9．This is Ted's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )photo.We miss him very much.He ________ when trying to save a child in an earthquake.
A．killed B．is killed
C．was killed D．was killing
【解析】　由句意“他在地震中尽力救一个孩子时死了”可知事情发生在过去，且用被动语态。
【答案】　C
10．—Did you see a man in black pass by just now
—No，sir.I ________ a newspaper.
A．read B．was reading
C．would read D．am reading
【解析】　句意：——你刚才看见一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个身穿黑衣服的人从这儿经过吗？——没有，先生。我刚才正在看报纸。语境强调在过去某个特定的时间点或段正在发生某事，故用过去进行时。
【答案】　B
Ⅱ.用所给动词的正确时态填空
1．Tom is now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in our class，but he once ________ (study)in Westbrook High School for a term.21教育网
2．—Mom，where is my lunch pack
—Just where it ________ (be)．
3．The actor ________(fall)while he ________(practise)performing and hurt himself.
4．The students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________(study)busily when the electricity ________(go)off.
5．The Monkey King ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ________(slip)into the kitchen when no one________(look)．
6．The reporter ________(say)that the truck ________ (climb)the slope when it ________ (break)down.
7．What a surprise！I never ________(think)he would win a prize!
8．—Has your former classmate come back from America
—Yes，he ________(stay)there for eight years.
9．If you don't l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike the drink you ________(order)，just leave it and try a different one.
10．—Since you have agreed to go with us，why aren't you getting ready
—But I ________(not realize)that you'd have me start immediately.
【答案】　1.studied　2.was　3.fell；was practising
4．were studying；wen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t　5.slipped；was looking　6.said；was climbing；broke　7.thought　8.stayed　9.ordered　10.didn't realize
Period ⅢHistory Makers & Sports Stars
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够熟练地运用现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。
●教学地位
随着以“任务型教学”为代表的交际教学法思 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )想被推崇，以及对新课标中“此次英语课程改革的重点就是要改变英语课程过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授、忽视对学生实际语言运用能力的培养的倾向。”本课时应该培养学生自学知识点和语法点能力，侧重培养学生的语言运用能力。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
Give students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time to read about some famous people. They take turns to choose a hero and ask and answer three questions about their heroes. Encourage students to use an interviewing approach.
●教学流程设计

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
布置作业：让学生完成课本 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第68～69页第2、5题，第70～71页第3、4题；“课时作业”(见学案第87～88页)并预习Period Ⅳ.(见学案第41～46页)。
(见学生用书第35页)
1．found vt.建立；创立
He led the 1911 revo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lution and founded the first Republic of China.(教材P24)他领导了1911年的(辛亥)革命，建立了最初的中华民国。【出处：21教育名师】
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
His family founded the college in 1895.
他的家族于1895年创办了这所大学。
【提示】　found的过去式和过去分词是founded；find的过去式和过去分词形式为found，与该词原形书写相同。
①found sth. on/upon sth.把……建立在……上
②foundation n．创建；创办；基础
③founder n．创建者；创办者；创始人
My parents' marriage was founded on/upon love and mutual respect.
我父母的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础之上。
Good eating habits ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and regular exercise are the foundation of a healthy life.
良好的饮食习惯和定期锻炼是健康生活的基础。
build/found/put up/set up
build “建设，建造”，强调逐渐的过程，后可接具体事物，也可接抽象事物。
found “创立，创建”，指创建组织、机构、国家等。
put up “搭起，竖起”，后多接具体事物。
set up “搭起，建立”，可接具体的或抽象的具有公益特点的事物(像医院、学校等)。
He has built up his own business.
他逐步建立了自己的公司。
He had put up a basket on a pole in the back yard.21*cnjy*com
他在后院一根柱子上安一个球蓝。
They set up a tent near the seashore.
他们在海滨附近搭起了一个帐蓬。
用found的适当形式填空
①The shop is still run by the ________ and his two sons.
②Eton College ________ by Henry Vi in 1440.
③The school has served the community since its
________ in 1835.
【答案】　①founder　②was founded　③foundation
2．struggle n．斗争；拼搏；努力 v．奋斗；抗争；挣扎
After some struggle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，blacks and whites were able to sit together on buses.(教材P24听力原文)
经过一番奋战，黑人能和白人一起坐在公交车上了。
With a struggle，he controlled his feelings.
经过努力，他控制住了自己的感情。
If you want to succeed，you must struggle for it.
如果你想成功，你就必须为之努力奋斗。
struggle to do sth.努力做某事
struggle against/with同……作斗争
struggle for为……而奋斗
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
He is struggling to support his family alone.
他独自一人吃力地支撑着他的家。
James struggled ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with burglars and frightened them away.詹姆斯和入室盗贼搏斗并把他们吓跑了。
Millions of p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople are struggling for life with high prices.数百万人在高物价下苦苦生存。
猜测下列句中struggle的词性和词义
①Several people were hurt in the struggle.________
②Let's join hands and struggle together.________
③The struggle between the two teams was hard.________
④The tiger struggled to get out of the cage.________
【答案】　①n.打斗　②vt.奋斗　③n. 对抗　④vt.挣扎
3．personally adv.就自己而言；亲自
I agree with you， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but personally，I think Martin Luther King is also quite important，because...(教材P24)我同意你的看法，但就个人而言，我认为马丁·路德·金同样很重要，因为……
I thanked them personally.我亲自感谢了他们。
①person n．人；个人
in person亲自；亲身
②personal adj.个人的；私人的
③personality n．个性；人格
I have something personal to trouble you.
我有点私事麻烦你。
He is a man with a strong personality.
他是一个个性很强的人。
用personally的变形词填空
①I have something ________ to discuss with you.
②You are just the ________ I want to see.
③He said he ________ didn't believe the report.
④His wife was very beautiful；but seemed to have no ________.
【答案】　①personal　②person　③personally　④personality
4．equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的
His first vict ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ory was to win the equal rights for blacks to sit on buses.(教材P25)他的第一个胜利是为黑人赢得了坐公共汽车的同等权利。
Women demand equal pay for equal work.
妇女要求同工同酬。
①equal adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相等的，相同的
be equal to与……相等；能胜任的
②equal v．(作连系动词，大小、数量上)等于，与……相同；比得上，达到
equal sth.in在……方面能比得上
③equality n．平等
equally adv.相等地，相同地；同样地
A dollar is equal to one hundred cents.
一美元等于一百美分。
Life is changing，and the past doesn't equal the future.
生活无时无刻不在变化，过去不等于将来。
None of us can equal her in English.
在英语方面我们没有人能比得上她。
【对接高考】
(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)The isla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd is ________ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A．partly　　　　　　　B．merely
C．nearly D．equally
【解析】　句意：这个岛在春季和秋季同样地吸 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )引人，是因为在这两个季节的令人愉悦的天气。partly部分的；merely只不过；nearly几乎；equally同样的，相等的。
【答案】　D
用equal的变形词填空
①Sixty minutes is ________ to an hour.
②They share the housework ________ between them.
③Women are now on an ________ with men.
④None of us can ________ her，either in beauty or as a dancer.
【答案】　①equal　②equally　③equality　④equal
5．fight for 为……而战
Elizabeth Bl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ackwell fought for women's rights.(教材P25)伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔为妇女的权利而战。
Martin Luther King fought for the rights of black people in the USA.
马丁·路德·金为美国黑人争取权利而斗争。
fight against/fight for/fight with
fight against 同……进行斗争，后接斗争的对象。
fight for 为了争取……而战，后接斗争的目的。
fight with 与……并肩战斗，后接表示人或国家的名词；与……打斗。
He fought against cancer and lived to be eighty.
他和癌症搏斗活到80岁。
They fought with the Italians in the war.
这次战争中，他们和意大利并肩作战。
Two guys were fighting with each other in the street.
有两个家伙在街上打架。
用against，for，with填空
①—Why are the workers on strike again
—They are fighting ________better working conditions.
②One must fight ________ his bad habits to make greater progress.
③The leader fought ________ his people ________the invaders(侵略者)________the country's freedom.
【答案】　①for　②against　③with；against；for
6．protect vt.保护
For many years， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she has worked to protect animals...(教材P25)许多年来，她一直在为保护动物而工作……
We must protect the lives and property of the people.
我们必须保护人民的生命和财产。
①protect...from...保护……免受……
protect...against投保；为……买保险
②keep...from doing...＝stop...(from)doing...
＝prevent...(from)doing...阻止……做……
③protection n．保护
④protective adj.保护性的
Protect the baby's eyes from the sun.
保护婴儿的眼睛免受阳光照射。
We must stop/prevent her telling the truth to him.
我们必须阻止她将实情告诉他。
完成句子
①戴上墨镜保护眼睛不受阳光刺激。
Wear dark glasses to________________.
②他们穿着雨衣以防淋雨。
They wore raincoats as a ________________.
【答案】　①protect your e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yes from the sun　②protection against/from the rain
句型转换
The boys tried every means to prevent us winning.
③The boys tried ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )every means to ________________________________________________________________________.
④The boys tri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed every means to ________________________________________________________________________.
【答案】　③keep us from winning　④stop us (from) winning
7．content n．内容；adj.满足的，满意的；vt.使满足
I have a dream tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin，but by the content of their character.(教材P25)我梦想有一天，我的4个孩子将在一个不以他们的肤色而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。
I like the sty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le of his writing but I don't like the content.我喜欢他作品的风格，但不欣赏其内容。
content oneself with sth.使某人自己满足于某事
be content to do sth.满足于做某事
be content with sth.对某事感到满意。
He contented himself with two glasses of beer.
他满足于两杯啤酒。
He is content to stay in his present job.
他对现在的工作心满意足。
We are not content with the present achievements.
我们对目前的成就还不满足。
猜测下列句中content的词性和词义
①I like the cover of his book but I don't like the content.________
②After a busy life he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was content to lie back and take life easy.________
③You should not content yourself with book knowledge only.________
④Now that she has apologized，I am content.________
【答案】　①n.内容　②adj.满足的　③vt.满足于
④adj.满意的
8．look back回看；回顾；倒退；回头看
Finally，in 199 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1，the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back.(教材P26)最后，在1991年，姐妹俩跟家人搬到了一个安全些的地方，自那时起，她们再没有回忆那段日子。
I look back on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )those days as the happiest time of my life.我回顾那些日子，把它当作我生活中最快乐的一段时光。
From then on，he never looked back.
从那以后他便不断进步了。
look after照料；照顾
look forward to盼望
look out当心；注意
look through浏览
look up and down上下打量
Robert's old enough to look after himself.
罗伯特这么大了 ，已经能照顾自己了。
We are all looking forward to our holiday.
我们都盼望着假期。
Look out，there's a car coming.
留神，汽车过来了。
【教师备课资源】　
look around环顾
look down upon瞧不起
look up仰视；查阅
用上述短语的适当形式填空
①I try to ________ four newspapers at the table.
②Please ________ my house during my leaving.
③Do ________ for spelling mistakes when you check your work.2-1-c-n-j-y
④We've ________________ for those stamps but couldn't find them.
⑤Grown ups often ________ to the old days.
【答案】　①look through ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　②look after　③look out　④looked up and down　⑤look back
9．He has always b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een very strict with his daughters，training them hard to compete against each other.(教材P26)他对两个女儿总是严格要求，努力地训练她们互相竞争。
(1)strict adj.严格的；严厉的
My parents are very strict.
我父母非常严格。
be strict with sb.对某人严格要求
be strict in sth.对某事严格要求
Our maths teacher is very strict with us.
我们数学老师对我们要求很严格。
You must all be strict in your study.
在学习上你们都必须严格要求自己。
用适当的介词填空
①His parents are very strict ________ his sister.
②The old worker is very strict ________ his children.
③He is strict ________ his students and ________ his own work.
【答案】　①with　②with　③with；in
(2)compete vi.比赛；竞争
We can't compete with them on price.
我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。
①compete in参加竞争；参与……比赛
compete with/against sb.on sth.在……方面与……竞争
compete for...为……而比赛/竞争
②competitor n．竞争者；对手
③competition n．竞争
④competitive adj.竞争的
They found themselves ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) competing with foreign companies for a share of the market.
他们发现自己在与外国公司争夺市场份额。
The stores have to compete for customers in the Christmas season.
圣诞节期间，商店不得不为争夺顾客而竞争。
The firm had bett ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er products than its competitors，so it came first in the competition.这家公司的产品比其对手的好，所以在竞赛中，这家公司获得了第一名 。
用适当的介词填空
④Twenty teams from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the whole city came here to compete ________ each other ________ the gold medal.
⑤Several companies are competing ________ the contract.
⑥Small shops cannot compete ________ the big ones ________ price.
⑦Many graduates are competing ________ each other ________ a job.
【答案】　④against/with；for　⑤for　⑥with；on
⑦against/with；for
10．Brandi，the si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sters' mother，taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while_developing their tennis careers.(教材P26)
母亲布兰蒂在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样，才使她们既没有中断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。
“while＋分词”的省略结构。
He was putting on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his cap while asking me to hand him the coat.他叫我给他递大衣的时候正在戴帽子。
While seeing the movie，he can't help laughing.
看电影的时候，他忍不住笑了起来。
①当while后的分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致且从句的谓语带有be动词时，可以用“while＋分词”的省略形式作时间状语。
②除了while外，when，once，until，if，though等连词也可用于此种省略形式。
When leaving ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the airport，my sister waved again and again to us.离开机场时，我姐姐向我们不停地挥手。
If translated word by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )word，the passage will be difficult to understand.
如果逐字逐句地翻译的话，这篇文章会很难懂。
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't talk while________(eat)．
②She is so shy that she never speaks first until________(speak)to.
③They looked around the room as if________(look)for something.
④While you are cros ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sing the street，you must be careful.＝________________，you must be careful.
⑤Unless I am invited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to attend the party，I won't go to his house.＝__________________________，I won't go to his house.
⑥When they entered the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) classroom，all the students looked up at me curiously.＝________________，all the students looked up at me curiously.
【答案】　①eating　②spoke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n　③looking　④While crossing the street　⑤Unless invited to attend the party　⑥When entering the classroom
11．come to an end结束；终止
They have al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ready expressed a keen interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.(教材P26)
她们俩都对网球生涯结束后从事设计工作极感兴趣。
The meeting came to an end at last.
会议终于结束了。
And here the story comes to an end.
故事到这儿就结束了。
at the end(of )在……结束时；最终
by the end of到……末为止
in the end 最后；终于
put an end to使……停止
bring...to an end使……停止
By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years.
到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已待了两年了。
They gave up the plan in the end.
最终他们放弃了那项计划。
完成句子
①There is a hotel ________ the road.
②________ this week，I will have finished most of the work.
③I'm sure you'll get there ________.
④Our gas has ________ on the way.
【答案】　①at the end of　②By the end of　③in the end　④come to an end
12．event n．竞赛；事件
The first time Venu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s played in a big event was in 1996.(教材P26)维纳斯第一次参加大型比赛是在1996年。
The 1911 revol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ution is one of the most important events in the history of mankind.
辛亥革命是人类历史上最重大的事件之一。
The next event will be the 100 metre race.
下一个比赛项目将是100米赛跑。
event/accident/incident
event 可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件；还可指体育比赛赛事或项目。
accident 强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。
incident 既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。
Car accidents are far too common.
汽车事故太常见了。
Please accep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t my apologies for this unfortunate incident.发生了这件不幸的事，请接受我的道歉。
Many shooting incidents go unreported.
很多枪击事件都没有被报道。
用event，accident，incident填空
①The 800m is the fourth ________ of the afternoon.
②The Lugouqiao ________ broke out in 1937.
③The ________ took place at the crossroads.
【答案】　①event　②Incident　③accident
　
现在完成时和一般过去时
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。
①Her younger sister Serena has moved up to third.
②The two sis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ters were born in a poor and dangerous area of California.
③Since then they have never looked back.
④He has always been strict with his daughters.
⑤In 1999 and 2002，she won the US Open.
[自我总结]　1.句子①③④中用到的时态是________；通常表示该动作从过去持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)，并对现在造成一定的影响。
2．句子②⑤中用到的时态是________，表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。
【答案】　1.现在完成时　2.一般过去时
一、现在完成时
1．表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在(也许 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )还将持续下去)。时间状语有：lately，recently，in the last/past few days/years(在过去的几天/年里)，since then，up to now，so far等。
He has been busy writing a book recently.
最近他一直在忙着写一本书。
In the past few years，great changes have taken place in my hometown.
在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
He has written 8 books so far.
到现在为止，他共写了8本书。
2．表示一个发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。常用的时间状语有already，just，yet，never，before等。
He has already turned off the light.
(＝The light is turned off now.)
他已经关灯了。
The concert has already started.
(＝The concert is on now.)
音乐会已经开始了。
I have already seen the film.
(＝I know the film now.)
我已经看过那部电影了。
3．在This/It is the first/second...time＋that从句中，从句要用现在完成时。
This is the first time I have come here.
这是我第一次来这里。
4．在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来已完成的动作。
I will not believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我亲眼看到，我才会相信你。(强调“看到”)
I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.
我干完了工作就和你一起去。(强调“干完”)
5．瞬间动词(又叫非延续性动词，或终止性动词)可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间；若要接一段时间，需要做一些相应的变换。
He has come to Beijing since last year.(误)
He has lived in Beijing since last year.(正)
他从去年就住在北京。
He has joined the army for 3 years.(误)
He has served in the army for 3 years.(正)
He joined the army 3 years ago.(正)
He has been a soldier for 3 years.(正)
It is 3 years since he joined the army.(正)
他参军3年了。
二、一般过去时
1．表示在过去时间里发生的事件(现在已经结束)或存在的状态。
Tom suddenly fell ill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yesterday and had to stay at home for another day.
昨天汤姆突然病了，只好在家再待一天。
The train arrived ten minutes ago.火车十分钟前到的。
She looked very well when I last saw her.
上次我见到她时，她看上去气色很好。
2．表示过去经常、反复发生的习惯性动作。
I always got up too late，and never had enough time for breakfast.
我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。
【提示】　在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
He said he would call me as soon as he arrived.
他说他一到就给我打电话。
She said she would come if I promised to wait for her.她说如果我答应等她，她会来的。
一般过去时与现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生的动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作或存在的状态与现在有联系，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，和现在无关，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
Mrs.Darby liv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed in Kentucky for seven years.达比太太过去在肯塔基州住了7年。(现在已不在肯塔基州住)
Mrs.Darby has lived in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Kentucky for seven years.达比太太已经在肯塔基州住了7年。(现在可能仍住在肯塔基州，也可能刚离去)2·1·c·n·j·y
(见学生用书第40页)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·山东高考)After Ja ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck had sent some e mails ，he ________ working on his project.
A．had started　　　　　　B．has started
C．started D．starts
【解析】　句意：在杰克发送了一些电子邮件之 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后，他开始从事他的项目。本题考查动词时态。题干中after引导的时间状语从句中用had sent提示主句要用相应的过去时态，而A项表示过去的过去，不符合题意，故选C。
【答案】　C
2．(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)I had be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers ________ before my eyes.
A．swim B．swum
C．swam D．had swum
【解析】　句意：整个下午我都在做数学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题，众多数字在我眼前晃来晃去。本题中的误导信息是had been working on，这是过去完成进行时态，部分考生会受其误导选择D项，但是这里应用swam陈述过去的事实，所以应选择C项。
【答案】　C
3．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)—Did you ask Sophia for help
—I ________ need to—I managed perfectly well on my own.
A．wouldn't B．don't
C．didn't D．won't
【解析】　句意：——“你向索菲娅求助 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了吗？”——“没有必要，我自己就做得很完美了。”题干中的最后一句是关键信息：既然我自己可以做得很好，就“不必”麻烦别人了。解题的关键是找出动作发生的时间，根据第一句话用过去时可以推测出空格处的时态也应该是过去时。
【答案】　C
4．(2011·湖南高考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ since I came to this school.
A．attended B．had attended
C．am attending D．have attended
【解析】　句意：“它是自从我来到这所学校后所听过的最有益的演讲。”根据句中的since可知，主句应该用现在完成时态，故选择D项。
【答案】　D
5．(2011·山东高考)When I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) got on the bus，I ________ I had left my wallet at home.
A．was realizing B．realized
C．have realized D．would realize
【解析】　句意：“当我上了公交车时，我意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”根据从句的一般过去时判断，此处也用一般过去时，故选择B项。
【答案】　B
6．(2011·湖南高考)In 1492， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Columbus________ on one of the Bahama Islands，but he mistook it for an island off India.
A．lands B．landed
C．has landed D．had landed
【解析】　根据In 1492可知，此处用一般过去时，故选择B项。
【答案】　B
7．(2011·北京高考)—Bob has gone to California.
—Oh，can you tell me when he ________？
A．has left B．left
C．is leaving D．would leave
【解析】　句意：“鲍勃去加利福尼亚了。”“噢，你能告诉我他是什么时候离开的吗？”根据句意可知，此处用一般过去时，故选B。
【答案】　B
8．—The window is dirty.
—I know.It ________ for weeks.
A．hasn't cleaned B．didn't clean
C．wasn't cleaned D．hasn't been cleaned
【解析】　由“for weeks”可知用现在完成时，而window与clean是被动关系。
【答案】　D
9．I wonder why Terry ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________ us recently；we should have heard from her by now.
A．hasn't written B．doesn't write
C．won't write D．hadn't written
【解析】　现在完成时常和不确定的时间副 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词连用，如：already，often，recently，by now等。句中recently提示用现在完成时。
【答案】　A
10．—How are you today
—Oh，I ________ as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A．didn't feel B．wasn't feel
C．don't feel D．haven't felt
【解析】　for a very long time提示要用现在完成时。
【答案】　D
Ⅱ.用动词适当形式填空
1．Mike________ (not go) to bed until 12 o'colck last night.
2．Mary________(read)English yesterday.
3．As soon as I ________ (finish)writing the letter，I ran out of the room to the post office.
4．I ________(see)the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) film before，but I decide to see it a second time.
5．Mary________(leave)school last year and is now studying Chinese here.
6．The young gir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l sitting next to me on the plane is very nervous.She ________(fly)before.
7．Zhao Lan__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______already ________(study)in this school for two years.
8．Who do you think________(send)me such a nice tie
9．Li Mei always ________(go)to school on foot last year.
10．She ________(be not)happy when I saw her.
【答案】　1.didn't go　2.read　3.finished　4.have seen
5．left　6.hasn't flown　7.has；studied　8.has sent
9．went　10.wasn't
Period ⅣSuperhero & Communication Workshop
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
(4)借助本学案写作步骤的讲解，让学生学会用英语写记叙文，并培养学生自觉用英语写生活事件的习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。
●教学地位
本课时讲解的知识点是以教材重点词汇和句式出现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的先后顺序依次呈现的。通过一篇相关话题的写作训练(思路分析→词汇热身→句式温习→连句成篇)，一步一步教会学生如何写出一篇合格的叙事作文。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过课本的两幅图片，让学生讨论图片中的人物，逐步引入本课时话题：超人。
●教学流程设计
检查上堂布置的作业。 导入新课。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
老师布置作业：让学生完成课本第7 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2页第1题，第73页阅读理解。让学生自学学案Ⅴ的内容，然后做“单元归纳提升”部分(见学案第49～50页)。
(见学生用书第41页)
Ⅰ.语篇理解
阅读P28课文，选择最佳选项
1．Christopher Reeve is famous as a(n)________．
A．actor　　　　　　B．player
C．doctor
2．What saved Christopher's life
A．Medicine.
B．The doctor's words.
C．His wife's love.
3．Christopher did many things for the charity, except that________.
A．he raised a lot o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f money to promote medical research into back injuries
B．he made speeches all over the USA about his experiences
C．he made his parents get closer
4．From the passage we know________.
A．Christopher could walk at last
B．Christopher never thought of giving up
C．Christopher's parents got married again
【答案】　1.A　2.C　3.C　4.B
Ⅰ.单词填空
1．________to do something illegal, wrong or foolish
2．________ to regard something with respect, pleasure
3．________ to help the progress of
4．________ feeling or showing trust in oneself or one's
ability
5．________ complete, total
6．________ an accident that results in physical damage or hurt
7．________ a degree or grade of excellence or worth
【答案】　1.commit　2.admire　3.promote　4.confident
5．absolute　6.injury　7.quality
Ⅱ.补全短语
1．因……而出名　　　be famous________
2．单独地，独自地 ________one's own
3．吸引注意力到 draw sb.'s attention________
4．渡过难关 pull________
5．放弃 give________
6．相处融洽 get________ well
7．参加；参与 get involved ________
8．太……；极为…… ________too
【答案】　1.for　2.on　3.to　4.through　5.up　6.on　7.with　8.far
(见学生用书第42页)
1．be famous for因……而著名
...but he is mos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t famous for his Superman films...(教材P28)……但他最出名的却是电影《超人》……
China is famous for the Great Wall around the world.
中国因万里长城而闻名于世。
This tailor is famous for making good suits.
这位裁缝以做高级西装而出名。
be famous as 作为……而著名
be famous to为……所熟知
He is famous as a writer.
他是一位著名的作家。
Michael Jordan is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) famous to basketball fans all over the world.迈克尔·乔丹为全世界的篮球迷所熟知。
用as，for，to填空
①Guilin is famous ________its beautiful scenery.
②Guilin is famous ________a city with beautiful scenery.
③Guilin is a touris ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t destination(目的地)famous ______people all over the world.
【答案】　①for　②as　③to
2．on one's own独立地；单独地
At first，he couldn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t breathe without a machine，but he learnt to breathe on his own.(教材P28)
起初，他离不开呼吸机，但很快他就学会自己呼吸了。
You'd better try to solve the problem on your own.
你最好自己尽力解决这个问题。
on one's own/of one's own
on one's own “独自，靠自己”，一般用作状语和表语。
of one's own “属于某人自己”，一般用作定语。
I had to go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the cinema on my own because all the other boys were busy.
因为其他男孩都很忙，我只好独自去看电影了。
My son is a child of his own.
我儿子是个有主见的人。
用on one's own，of one's own填空
①Judy plans to save more money to buy a house ________.
②He finished his homework ____________.
【答案】　①of her own　②on his own
3．injury n．伤害；损害
He also raised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.(教材P28)
他还筹集了大量资金用于推动背伤的医学研究。
He suffered from serious injuries.
他受伤很严重。
①do sb.an injury 伤害某人
②injured adj. 受伤的
③injure vt. 伤害；使受伤
Have you ever done him an injury
您曾经伤害过他吗？
She was injured badly in the accident.
她在这次意外中受到重伤。
hurt/injure/wound/harm
hurt 是受伤的一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害。
wound 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。
injure 一般指由于意外和事故受伤，损害名誉、自尊；精神上的伤害多用hurt。
harm 比较抽象，通常指看不见摸不着的伤害。
After being wounded i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the battle，he was in an accident when his car was damaged but he himself not injured.
在战斗中负伤后，他的汽车又因发生了事故而被撞坏，但他自己并没有受伤。
用harm，injure，hurt，wound的适当形式填空
①Smoking ________to our health.
②I fell and ________my right leg.
③The soldiers were badly ________in the legs.
④The scandal(丑闻)has ________the star's reputation.
【答案】　①harms　②hurt　③wounded　④injured
4．This not_only drew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )public attention to research into back injuries but_also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.(教材P28)
这不仅引起了公众对背伤研究的关注，而且还鼓励了那些生活中有各种各样问题的人。
“not only...but also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )...”意为“不仅……而且……”，其中可以省略but或also，在句中用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语或句子。
Not only the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents but also the teacher has gone to the cinema.老师和学生都去看电影了。
①not only... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but also...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词的形式与最近的主语保持一致。
②not only... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but also...连接两个并列分句时，若not only置于句首，第一个分句要部分倒装，即将be动词、情态动词或助动词放在主语的前面