Unit 5 单元话题满分范文必背-2022-2023学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）（含解析）

Unit 5 Good Manners.
单元话题满分范文必背
1．你校将举办一个关于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座，请你根据下列表格的内容，写一篇英语短文，为此次讲座做一个宣传，内容可作适当发挥，词数100左右。
时间 下周五，下午2：30
地点 学校礼堂
内容 很多关于餐桌礼仪的建议： 首先，直到大家都准备好了才能开始吃； 第二，吃东西时发出很多噪音是不礼貌的； 第三，…… 最后，等大家都吃完再离席。
结论 这些礼仪规则很重要……
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners next Friday. It will take place at 2:30 p.m. in the school hall. There will be much advice on table manners. First of all, you shouldn’t start eating until everyone is ready. Second, it is impolite to make too much noise while eating. Third, you should not talk with food in your mouth. Finally, always remember to wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table. These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
【详解】1.题干解读：题干要求写一篇短文宣传关于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座，表格中给出了提示内容，写作时注意包含全部要点，并适当添加细节。
2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时，以第二和第三人称进行写作。先介绍讲座的时间和地点，在描述内容和结论，要点之间使用衔接词，使文章逻辑清晰。注意主谓一致等语法问题，做到无拼写和标点错误。
2．为加深对英国文化的理解，某英语学习小组对中英学生做了一次调查。请你根据以下调查结果，写一篇调查结果的报告。内容要点提示：
中国学生 英国学生
性格 更外向 更安静
校园生活 学习更努力 更擅长运动
饮食习惯 吃更多的蔬菜和水果 吃更多的肉
兴趣爱好 每周看四或五次电视 每周看一次电影
要求：
1. 要点齐全，可适当增加自己的看法；
2. 词数80左右，文中不能出现自己的姓名；
3. 报告的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。提示词：take part in参与Hello, everyone. Today I’d like to talk about the differences between Chinese students and English students. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Hello, everyone. Today I’d like to talk about the differences between Chinese students and English students.
In China, students are more outgoing. They study harder and have much more homework to do. In England, students are more serious and quieter. But they are better at sports and they like taking part in all kinds of parties. What’s more, Chinese students like eating more vegetables and fruit. English students like to have more meat. As for hobbies, Chinese students watch TV four or five times a week. However, English students go to the cinema once a week.
Though they are different, they can talk about and share something they like.
【详解】1. 题干解读：文章属于材料作文，主要是介绍中英两国学生的一些不同，内容按照表格中所给的信息描写，也可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：文章主要用一般现在时，人称用第三人称展开描述。在介绍两国学生的性格、校园生活、饮食习惯差异时，要使用比较级。写作时，要注意表达的顺序，适当使用连词和固定短语，表达要清楚条理，意思连贯，文章结构要完整，多使用简单词语表达，适当使用复合句等高分句型。写完以后，注意检查，确保语法、单词拼写和标点正确。
3．你所在的班级准备举办一个以“Good manners in the UK”为主题的讲座，你准备给其他同学介绍一些关于英国人礼仪方面的事，要点如下。词数80左右。
内容提示：1. 英国人第一次和你见面时会问好或握手；
2. 喜欢谈论天气、假期或其他的话题，避谈年龄、体重；
3. 甚至在家时也“请”和“谢”字不离口；
4. 吃饭时总是表现得很礼貌，他们会等每个人吃完再离席；
5. 这些小提示都对我们很有帮助……
Good manners in the UK
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【答案】One possible version:
Good manners in the UK
British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time. They like to talk about weather, holidays or something else and avoid talking about age and weight. They say “please” and “thank you” all the time even at home. They always behave politely while eating and they will wait for everyone to finish before they leave the table. I think these tips are very helpful to us. Good manners can bring us many friends.
【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求以“Good manners in the UK”为主题写一篇英语短文，介绍一些关于英国人礼仪方面的事，注意要点要齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：本文主要以第三人称来展开写作，时态用一般现在时。写作时要认真审题，根据提示的内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作；可以围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等；语言的表述要符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；层次要分明、条理要清晰。
4．书面表达
你是一名来自美国的交换生，请你介绍第一天到中国家庭的情况:
1、下午四点到深圳，李先生一家来机场接你。
2、他们对你很友好，你像在自己家一样。
3、吃晚饭时，中国人用筷子，他们认为吃饭时说话不礼貌。
4、饭后全家人一起去散步，然后回家休息。
5、你自己的感受。 以上要点必须有，90 词左右。
My first day in China
【答案】[例文]
My first day in China
I am an exchange student from the United States and today is my first day in China.Mr.Li's family came to the airport to pick me up at 4 pm when I arrived in Xi'an.They are very friendly to me and I feel like being home.When we had dinner,they used chopsticks and it is not polite to talk during eating.After dinner we took a walk and went back home for a rest.I feel happy with them.
【详解】这篇作文要求我们以一个美国交换生的身份，介绍自己第一天来到中国家庭的情况。题目中给出了我们具体的写作提纲，我们应按照这一提纲的提示，组织语言，丰富文章的内容，写出一篇完整的短文。通过分析可知，这篇作文我们应主要使用一般过去时态，来描述已经发生过的事情，注意动词过去式形式的变化，尤其是不规则动词的过去式形式。个别叙述事实的句子应用一般现在时态，所以写作时，要注意根据表达的需要，变化动词的形式。另外还应注意英语的句子表达和汉语的不同，不要逐词翻译，应从句子的整体考虑，使用符合语法规范的句式、词汇和短语。句子之间也应使用一些连词，使整篇文章表达流畅，意思连贯。
点睛：这是一篇优秀的作文，首先短文内容完整，包含了题目中要求的所有信息，没有遗漏要点，并用正确的语言表达出来，使内容更加充实。其次短文中使用了正确的人称和时态，在介绍自己的情况和中国家庭的情况时，主要使用了一般现在时态；而在中国家庭中具体的一些事情，使用了一般过去时态。动词形式准确，恰当使用了be动词的形式以及不规则动词过去式的形式。最后，短文表达符合英语的表达习惯，语法规范，句式准确，并使用了一些较好的句型和短语，如Mr. Li's family came to the airport to pick me up at 4 pm when I arrived in Xi'an.、They are very friendly to me and I feel like being home.、When we had dinner, they used chopsticks and it is not polite to talk during eating.、After dinner we took a walk and went back home for a rest等。
5．书面表达
目前，你所在的学校正在积极创建全市文明校园，请你以校学生会的名义就“创建文明校园”这一主题，根据下列提示用英语写一封80词左右的倡议书。要点提示如下：
1. 保持教室的整洁，不乱扔垃圾； 2. 不在公共场所大声喧哗，图书馆保持安静；
3. 遵守交通规则，总是排队； 4. 举止有礼，互帮互助； 5. ……
Dear schoolmates,
Our school is trying to be a better place for all of us. We know good manners are really important. And we can do something for it.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s start from ourselves!
The Students’ Union
June 13th, 2018
【答案】Dear schoolmates,
Our school is trying to be a better place for all of us. We know good manners are really important. And we can do something for it.
In order to make our school more beautiful, we should keep our classrooms clean every day. Remember not to drop litter everywhere. And we should remember not to laugh or talk loudly after class in public places. When we are in the library, we must keep quiet. It’s also important to follow traffic rules everywhere and queue for everything. We should always behave politely and help each other any time. Good manners make our school better, as well as us.
Let’s start from ourselves!
The Students’ Union
June 13th, 2018
【分析】这是一篇给材料作文，以校学生会的名义就“创建文明校园”这一主题，写一封倡议书。
【详解】这是一篇给材料作文，写一封“创建文明校园”的倡议书。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时态，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：we should……，When we are……，It’s also important to……，Good manners make……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
【点睛】本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了为了让学校成为一个更好的地方，我们有一些事要做，接下来介绍我们应该做的事，最后提倡要从我们自己开始。此处in order to, remember not to do sth, keep quiet, each other, as well as等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
6．中山公园最近有很多问题。假设你是Tom，请你写一封80词左右的信呼吁人们保护环境，遵守规则。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
内容提示：
1．首先，不要乱扔垃圾，要保持公园的整洁，不要摘公园里的花；
2．其次，在公园里大声谈笑是粗鲁无礼的，请把声音放低；
3．第三，如果有人挡住你的路，可以说“劳驾”，并一直等待他让路；
4．向人们解释保护公园的重要性，强调做这些对我们的环境以及健康都有好处。
Dear all,
The environment in Zhongshan Park has become worse recently. We must do something to stop it. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Tom
【答案】[例文]
Dear all,
The environment in Zhongshan Park has become worse recently. We must do something to stop it. First, we shouldn’t drop litter everywhere and we should always keep the park clean. We should never pick flowers in the park. Second, it’s rude to talk or laugh loudly in the park. Please, keep our voice down. Third, if someone is in your way, please say “excuse me” and wait till he or she moves. We should also explain to others the importance of protecting the park. It’s good for our environment as well as our health by doing these.
Yours sincerely,
Tom
【详解】1.题干解读：本题为材料作文，要求写一封80词左右的信呼吁人们保护环境，遵守规则。题目所给的要点必须全部包含。
2.写作指导：写作时人称应用第一人称，时态应用一般现在时。文章应按所给要点逐点叙述，并使用First、Second、Third等词连接，使上下文衔接过渡自然。文中不要出现单词拼写及语法时态方面的错误。
7．书面表达
今年是我市创建全国文明城市的关键一年。作为中学生，我们应积极参与。请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的短文。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
l. 尊敬老师，对人礼貌；
2. 帮助他人，友善待人；
3. 遵守交通规则，过马路走斑马线，不闯红灯；
4. 保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，不踩草地等；
5. 个人观点。
参考词汇：尊敬 respect；对……礼貌 be polite to；斑马线 zebra crossing
Our city is now making its effort to become a national civilized city. As students, what should we do
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【答案】Our city is now making its effort to become a national civilized city. As students, what should we do
We should respect our teachers and be polite to others. We should also help those in need and be friendly to people around us. Besides, we must obey traffic rules. When crossing the street, we should walk on the zebra crossing. And we mustn't go across the street when the traffic lights are red. What's more, we should protect our environment. For example, We mustn't step on the grass and climb trees. Wemustn't throw litter' everywhere.
Let's try our best to make our hometown a civilized city.
【详解】试题分析：本文是提纲类作文。首先认真审题和阅读提示。根据提示（作为中学生，我们应积极参与创建全国文明城市。）可知此文时态主要是一般现在时，要使用建议型句型（we should/must/are supposed to…），动笔前要认真阅读提示：（l. 尊敬老师，对人礼貌；2. 帮助他人，友善待人；3. 遵守交通规则，过马路走斑马线，不闯红灯；4. 保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，不踩草地等；5. 个人观点。），内容要包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译。不要写得太少，字数在80词以上。要注意主谓一致等问题。写作中要适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无拼写、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。（一）根据要点列提纲：l.尊敬老师，对人礼貌：respect our teachers and be polite to others. ；2.帮助他人，友善待人：help those in need and be friendly to people around us.；3.遵守交通规则，过马路走斑马线，不闯红灯：obey traffic rules，When crossing the street, we should walk on the zebra crossing，mustn't go across the street when the traffic lights are red.；
4.保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，不踩草地等：we should protect our environment.， We mustn't step on the grass and climb trees. We mustn't throw litter everywhere.；5个人观点：Let's try our best to make our hometown a civilized city.（二）连词成句，连句成篇，注意使用连词；（三）写完以后再阅读一遍，检查是否有语法、单词拼写等错误，或不合适的地方。
点睛：这是一篇比较优秀的作文，语言表达要符合英语习惯，准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，用词准确、句子通顺。（1）学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语
，写作时就可以适当引用，
使文章的表达更有逻辑性
，更富有条理。（2）注意给出的起始句（这就给出了时态），学生运用正确的时态，运用所给或所学的词语，尽量运用熟悉的句型。（3）列好提纲和要点及需要的重要短语或句型。（3）切忌堆砌词语、句子，注意运用适当的连词使句子流畅、连贯。注意表达的顺序。 （4）注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。 （5）注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。
8．“小手拉大手，同做文明人。”自创建文明城市、文明乡村以来，宿迁人民万众一心，众志成城，让人点赞的行为随处可见。作为中学生，我们也作出了自己的努力。请根据以下所给要点，写一篇英语短文。
要点：
1.种植花草树木；
2.遵守交通规则；
3.公共场合不大声喧哗；
4.公交车上主动给有需要的人让座；
……（自主发挥，至少两点）
参考词汇：文明的civilized 遵守obey
注意事项：
1.词数90左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
Since creating the civilized city and countryside, all the people in Suqian have made joint efforts. Their good behavior can be seen everywhere.
As junior students, _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Since creating the civilized city and countryside, all the people in Suqian have made joint efforts. Their good behavior can be seen everywhere.
As junior students, we have also made some contributions to the civilized Suqian. For example, to protect our environment, we plant flowers and trees. Also, for our own and others’ safety, we obey the traffic rules and never run red lights. In addition, we no longer talk or laugh loudly in public. What’s more, when on a bus, we actively give our seats to the people in need.
Besides, we have formed a good habit or throwing rubbish into a dustbin, never littering anywhere. Furthermore, we are accustomed to queuing up for tickets or something else.
All in all, we will try our best to do what we can to make ourselves and Suqian city more civilized.
【详解】这是一篇给材料作文，介绍为创建文明城市、文明乡村，我们中学生所做的努力。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时，人称为第一人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Their good behavior can……；we have also made some contributions to……，we are accustomed to……，we will try our best to do……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
点睛：本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了为了创建文明城市和乡村所有宿迁的人都做出了努力，接下来介绍我们中学生所做的努力，最后指出我们将尽最大努力让宿迁变得更文明。此处make efforts, make contributions to, for example, in addition, no longer, in public, give one’s seats to, form a good habit, be accustomed to doing sth, all in all, try one’s best等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
9．为了实践社会主义核心价值观，你校学生会决定举办以“文明礼仪伴我行”为主题的英语征文比赛，请你根据以下要点提示及要求，写一篇英语短文参赛。
要点提示：1. 尊敬(respect)父母，帮助他们做家务；2. 对人有礼貌，诚实友好，帮助他人；3. 不在公共场合大声讲话，不乱扔付费；4. 节约粮食，节约用水；……
要求：1. 短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息（不要逐字翻译），并在此基础上适当发挥；2. 80词左右（短文开头与结尾已给出， 不计入总词数）；3. 文章中不得出现真实的人名，校名和地名。
As a middle school student, we should have good manners.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.
【答案】As a middle school student, we should have good manners. First, we should respect our parents and help them do some housework. Second, we should be polite and honest. Also, it’s always good to be kind and friendly. We should try our best to help the people in need. Third, we’d better not talk loudly in public. Don’t throw rubbish everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean and beautiful. Fourth, we are supposed to save food and water. Lastly, it’s important and necessary for us to help protect the environment.
In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.
【详解】试题分析：本题要求以“文明礼仪伴我行”为主题写一篇参赛征文，根据提纲提示，本文要从在家、在学校、在公共场所及节约粮食、水等等方面进行写作。要求要包含提纲中提示的所有信息，并作必要的发挥。短文用第一人称，用一般现在时态，可以适当用一些含情态动词：should, can等等句子帮助表达责任与义务。短文要作到思想健康，主旨鲜明突出。
写作亮点：本文用first, second, third, fourth, lastly等等列出中学生如何做到“文明礼仪伴我行”，层次清楚，要点分明。文中多次用到情态动词should，明确人们的责任与义务，主旨鲜明，重点突出。文中使用的不定式作主语的结构，had better, be supposed to等结构都为本文增色不少。
【考点定位】 考查提纲类作文。
10．假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom打算来安徽度假。请你根据下面所给的提示内容给他写一封电子邮件,简单介绍一下我们中国的风俗与餐桌礼仪。要点如下：
1.会面亲戚朋友时要微笑,握手；
2.每次赴宴要准时,同时不宜吃得太多；
3.当你吃饱了,对主人的劝菜应礼貌回绝；
4.离别时,要对主人表示谢意。
注意：1.词数80～100；
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；
3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4.信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear that you will come to Anhui for winter vacation. Different countries have different customs and table manners. In China,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Li Hua
【答案】例文：
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear that you will come to Anhui for winter vacation. Different countries have different customs and table manners. In China, you should smile and shake hands with your friends or relatives. If you're invited to dinner, you must be on time. While eating, you should not eat too much at a time. It's good manners to say “thanks” to the host when he asks you to help yourself to some food. When you are full, but the host still asks you to help yourself to more food, you should say, “Thank you. It's delicious, but I'm full.” It's polite to say thanks while leaving.
Have a good trip!
Best wishes.
Li Hua
【详解】1.题干解读：本题属于书信作文。题目要求以Li Hua的身份向即将来安徽的美国笔友Tom写一封介绍中国风俗及餐桌礼仪的书信。
2.写作指导：首先开篇已给出，中间要写明在中国具体的风俗和餐桌礼仪，最后表示对Tom的欢迎与祝福。人称主要采用第一人称，时态主要采用一般现在时。在描述中国风俗和餐桌礼仪时要把具体细节表达清楚，前后要贯通连贯。